Vecima Networks WRM1151 Updated Manual

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NCL1135 User Manual

Version 2.0

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WaveRider Communications Inc.

Software License Agreement

This is a legal agreement between you (either an individual or an entity) and WaveRider Communications Inc. for the use of WaveRider computer software, he re inaf te r the “LICENSED SOFTWARE”.

By using the LICENSED SOFTWARE installed in this product, you acknowledge that you have read this license agreement, understand it, and agree to be bound by its terms. You further agree that it is the full and complete agreement between you and WaveRider Communicatio ns I nc. , superseding all prior writte n or verb al agr eements of any kind related to the LICENSED SOFTWARE. If you do not understand or do not agree to the terms of this agreement, you must cease using the LICENSED SOFTWARE immediately.

1 GRANT OF LICENSE —This License Agreement permits you to use one copy of the L ICE N SED SO FTWARE.

2. COPYRIGHT—The LICENSED SOFTWARE is owned by WaveRider Communications Inc. and is protected by copyright laws and international treaty provisions; th er ef or e, you must treat the LICENSED SOF T WARE like any other copyrighted m at er ia l (e. g. , a book or magazine). You may not copy the written materi al s accompanying the LICENSED SOFTWARE.

3. OTHER RESTRICTIONS —You may not rent or lease the LICENSED SOFTWARE. You may not reverse engineer, decompile, or disassemble the LI C ENSED SOFTWARE.

4. LIMITED WARRANTY—The LICE N SED SOFTWARE is provided “as is” without any warranty of any kind, either expressed or imp l ied, in cl uding, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. The entire r is k as to the qual i t y and per fo rmance of the LICENSED SO FTWARE is with you, the licensee. If the LICENSED SOFTWARE is defective, you assume the risk and liability for the entire cost of all necessary repair, service, or correction.

Some states/jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion of implied warranties, so the above exclusion may not apply to you. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may have other rights, which vary from state/jurisdiction to state/jurisdiction.

WaveR i der Communicat ions Inc. doe s not warrant th at the functio ns contained in the LICENSED SOFTWARE will meet your requirement s, or that th e operation o f the LICENSED SOFTW ARE will b e error-free or uninterrupted.

5. NO OTHER W ARR ANTIES —To th e maximu m exte nt permi tted by appl icable law , W av eRide r Commun icati ons Inc. disclaims all other warranties, either express or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, with regard to the LICENSED SOFTWARE and the accompanying written materials.

6. NO LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES—To the maximum extent permitted by app lic able l aw, in no event shall WaveRider Communications Inc. or its supp lier s be liable for any damage s whatsoever (including, without lim itation , d amages for loss of busine ss profits, business interrup tion, loss of business information, or an y ot he r pe cun ia ry l oss ) ar isi ng f ro m t he us e of or inabi li ty t o u se the LICENSE D S OF TWARE, even if WaveRider Communications Inc. has been advised of the possibility of such damages, or for any claim by any other party.

Because some states/jurisdictio ns d o n ot a llo w the exclusion or limitati on o f liability for consequential or incidental damages, the a bove limitation may not apply to you.

In no event will WaveRider’s liability exceed the amount paid for the LICENSED SOFTWARE.

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The following are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies or organizations: Microsoft Internet Explorer/Microsoft Corporation Netscape/Netscape Communications Corporation

© 2000 by WaveRider Communications Inc. All rights reserved. This manual may not be rep roduc ed by an y me ans in whole or in part without the exp ress written permission of WaveRider Communications Canada Inc.

Version 2.0, July 2000

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Warranty

In the following warranty t ext, “WaveRider®” shall mean WaveRider Com m unications Inc.

This WaveRider product is warran ted aga inst defe cts in mate rial an d workm ansh ip for a pe riod of on e (1) ye ar from the date of purchase. T his limited warranty extends only to t he original purch aser. During this warranty perio d WaveRider will, at its option, either rep air or replac e products that prove to be de f ective.

For warranty service or repair, the product must be returned to a service facility designated by WaveRider. Authorization to return products must be obtained prior to shipment. The WaveRider RMA number must be on the shipping documentation so that the service facility will accept the product. The buyer shall pay all shipping charges to WaveRider and WaveRider shall pay shippi ng charges to retur n the product to the buy er within Canada o r the USA. For all ot her countries, the buyer shall pay shipping charges as well as duties and taxes inc urred in shipping products to or from WaveRider.

WaveR i der warrants that the fi rmware desi gned by it for use with the uni t will execute its prog r amming inst ructions when properly installed on the unit. WaveRider does not warrant that the operation of the unit or firmware will be uninterrupted or error-free.

Limitation of Warr anty

The foregoing wa rranty shall not apply to defects r esulting from improper or inadeq uate maintenance by the buye r, buyer-supplied interfa cing, unauthorized modification or misuse, operation outside the enviro nmental specifications for the product, or improper site preparation or maintenance or exposure to abnormal physical or electrical stress or accident. No other warranty is expressed or implied. WaveRider specifically disclaims the implied warranties of merchantability and fitnes s f or any par ticular purpose.

No Liability for Consequential Damages

To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, in no event shall WaveRider or its suppliers be liable for any damages whatsoever (including, without limitation, damages for loss of business profits, business interruption, loss of business information, or any other pecuniary loss) arising from the use of or inability to use the product, even if WaveRider has been advised of th e possibility of such dama ges, or for any claim by any oth er party.

Because some states/jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion or limitation of liability for consequential or incidental damages, the above lim itation may not apply to you.

In no event will WaveRider’s liability exce ed t he am ount paid for the product.

Regulatory Notices

This equipment has be en tested an d found to co mply wit h the limits for a Cl ass A Intenti onal Radiat or, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Re gu lations, and RSS- 210 of the IC Re gulation s. T hes e limi ts are i ntended to provi de p rote ction again st harmful interference wh en the equipment is operate d i n a commercial/business/industrial environm ent.

This equipment gene rates, uses, and can r adiate radio frequenc y energy and, if no t installed and used in accor dance with the instruction manual, ma y cause harmf ul interference t o radio comm unications. Ho wever, there is no guarant ee that interference will not occur in a particular installation.

Any changes or modifi cations to equipment tha t are not expressly approved by the manufacturer ma y void the user’s authority to operate t he equi pment. The NCL 1135 contains no user-servi ceable parts. Un authoriz ed ope ning of t he unit voids this warranty.

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Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ix

1 NCL1135 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

1.2 Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

1.3 About Spread-Spectrum Radio Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2 Network Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

2.1 Network Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

2.1.1 Point-to-Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

2.1.2 Repeater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

2.1.3 Point-to-Multipoint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

2.2 Bridging and Routing Network Configurations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

2.2.1 Point-to-Multipoint Bridging Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

2.2.2 Point-to-Multipoint Routing Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

2.3 Planning an NCL1135 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

3 Configuring the NCL1135 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

3.1 Connecting and Initializing the NCL1135. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

3.1.1 Changing the NCL1135 Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

3.1.2 Setting the NCL1135 System Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

3.1.3 Resetting an NCL1135 to Factory Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

3.2 Configuring the NCL1135 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

3.2.1 Setting the Radio Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

3.2.2 Setting the IP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

3.2.3 Configuration Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Setting RIP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Setting OSPF Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Setting the DHCP Relay Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Setting the SNMP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Setting the DNS Resolver Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

3.3 Examples of Bridging and Routing Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

3.3.1 Point-to-Multipoint Bridging Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

3.3.2 Point-to-Multipoint Routing Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

3.4 Updating an NCL1135 Using Remote Connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

3.4.1 Establishing an FTP Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

3.4.2 Establishing a Telnet Session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

4 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 5

4.1 Performing a Ping Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

5 Deploying the NCL1135 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

5.1 Optimizing Signal Strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

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5.1.1 Running the Continuous Transmit (Tx) Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

5.1.2 Running the Continuous Receive (Rx) Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

5.1.3 Performing the Transmit/Receive Loopback Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

6 Operational Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

6.1 Displaying the Radio Packet Error Rate (PER) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

6.2 Displaying the Operational Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

6.2.1 Interface Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

6.2.2 IP Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

6.2.3 Radio Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

7 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

7.1 Verifying NCL1135 Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

7.1.1 Verify the NCL1135 Routing Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Appendix A NCL1135 Command-Line Syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Appendix B Abbreviations and Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Appendix C Operating Channel Frequencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Appendix D NCL1135 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Appendix E Configuration Data Record . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

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Figures

Figure 1 NCL1135 Network Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Figure 2 Point-to-Point Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Figure 3 Repeater Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Figure 4 Point-to-Multipoint Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Figure 5 Point-to-Multipoint Bridging Network Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Figure 6 Point-to-Multipoint Routing Network Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Figure 7 NCL1135 Configuration Planning Flowchart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Figure 8 NCL1135 Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Figure 9 Console Port Pin-out Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Figure 10 Example Point-to-Multipoint Bridging Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Figure 11 Example Point-to-Multipoint Routing Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

APCD–NC003–2.0A vii

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Tables

Table 1 Radio Packet Error Rate Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Table 2 Interface Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Table 3 IP Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Table 4 Radio Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Table 5 Common Problems and Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Table 6 NCL1135 Command-Line Syntax Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Table 7 Command-Line Shortcuts and Getting Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Table 8 NCL1135 Command-line Syntax Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Table 9 Acronyms and Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Table 10 NCL1135 Network Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

Table 11 Radio Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Table 12 Ethernet Interface Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Table 13 Power Supply Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Table 14 Environmental Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

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Preface

About this Manual

WaveRider recommends that you read the following sections before you install and operate the NCL1135:

• Software License Agre eme nt on page ii

• Warranty on page iv

• Regulatory Notices on page x

• Warnings and Advisories on page xiii

This NCL1135 User Manual provides you with information necessary for planning, installing, and operating an NCL1135-based system. The information has been organized in the following sections:

Chapter 1 Provides an overview of the NCL1135 and the spread-spectrum radio

technology.

Chapter 2 Describes some typical configurations and provides a flowchart to assist you

in planning your network.

Chapter 3 Provides the procedures to set up and configure the NCL1135. Chapter 4 Describes a ping test that confirms the NCL1135 is configured and ready to

be deployed.

Chapter 5 Provides three tests useful when deploying an NCL1135. Chapter 6 Describes how to obtain the NCL1 135 operational statistics. Chapter 7 Lists typical NCL1135 problems, possible causes, and solutions. Appendix A Lists all commands available for the NCL1135. Appendix B Provides a list of acronyms and abbreviations and a list of the NCL1135

wireless network terminology used in this manual.

Appendix C Lists the channel frequency set for each WaveRider regulatory domain. Appendix D Provides the NCL1135 technical specifications. Appendix E Contains a form that you can use to record the configuration information.

NOTE: The information contained in this manual is subject to change

without notice.

APCD–NC003–2.0A ix

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Regulatory Notices

Industry Canada

The NCL1135 complies with IC RSS–210. Operators must be familiar with IC RSS–210 and RSS–102. The IC certification number for the NCL1135 is 32251021662A.

To prevent radio interference to the licensed service, this device is intended to be operated indoor s and away from windows to provide maximum shielding. Equipment (or its transmit antenna) that is installed outdoors is subject to licensing.

Federal Communications Commission

The NCL1135 complies with FCC Part 15 Regulations.

WARNING!

The FCC ID for the NCL1135 is OOX-NCL1100. The transmitter of this device complies with Part 15.247 of the FCC Rules.

WARNING!

Operators must be familiar with the requirements of the FCC Part 15 Regulations prior to operating any link using this equipment. For installations outside the United States, contact local authorities for applicable regulations.

Interference Env ironment

Manufacturers and operators of spread-spectrum devices are reminded that the operation of these devices is subject to the conditions that:

• Any received interference, including interference from industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) operations, must be accepted; and

• These devices are not permitted to cause harmful interference to other radio services.

If the operation of these systems does cause harmful interference, the operator of the spreadspectrum system must correct the interference problem, even if such correction requires the Part 15 transmitter to cease operation. The FCC does not exempt spread-spectrum devices from this latter requirement regardless of the application. The FCC strongly recommends that utilities, cellular stations, public safety services, government agencies, and others that provide

x APCD–NC003–2.0A

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critical communication services exercise due caution to determine if there are any nearby radio services that can be affected by their communications.

Operational Requirements

In accordance with the FCC Part 15 regulations:

1. The maximum peak power output of the intentional radiator shall not exceed one (1) watt for all spread-spectrum systems operating in the 2.4000-2.4835 GHz band.

2. Systems operating in the 2.4000-2.4835 GHz band that are used exclusively for fixed, point-to-point operations may employ transmitting antennas with directional gain greater than 6 dBi, provided the maximum peak output power of the intentional radiator is reduced by 1 dB for every 3 dB that the directional gain of the antenna exceeds 6 dBi.

3. Stations operating in the 2.400-2.4835 GHz band that are used for fixed, point-tomultipoint operations may use transmitting antennas of directional gain greater that 6 dBi, provided the peak output power from the intentional radiator is reduced by the amount in dB that the directional gain of the antenna exceeds 6 dBi.

4. Fixed, point-to-point operation, as used in Point 2, excludes the use of point-tomultipoint systems, omni-directional applications, and multiple co-located intentional radiators transmitting the same information. The operator of the spread-spectrum intentional radiator or, if the equipment is professionally installed, the installer is responsible for ensuring that the system is used exclusively for fixed, point-to-point operations.

5. The operator of a spread-spectrum system is responsible for ensuring that the system is operated in the manner outlined in Interference Environment on page x and

Operational Requirements on page xii.

APCD–NC003–2.0A xi

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Warnings and Advisories

General Advisory

Operator and maintenance personnel must be familiar with the related safety requirements before they attempt to install or operate the NCL1135 equipment.

It is the responsibility of the operator to ensure that the public is not exposed to excessive Radio Frequency (RF) levels. The applicable regulations can be obtained from local authorities.

WARNING!

This system must be professionally installed. Antennas and associated transmission cable must be installed by qualified personnel. WaveRider assumes no liability for failure to adhere to this recommendation or to recognized general safety precautions.

WARNING!

To comply with FCC RF exposure limits, the antenna for this transmitter must be fix-mounted on outdoor permanent structures to provide a separation distance of 32 cm (12 inc hes) or more from all persons to satisfy RF exposure requirements. The distance is measured from the front of the antenna and the human body. It is recommended that the antenna be installed in a location with minimal pathway disrupt ion by ne arby per sonnel.

WARNING!

Do not operate the NCL1135 without connecting a 50-ohm termination to the antenna port. This termination can be a 50-ohm antenna or a 50-ohm resistive load capable of absorbing the full RF output power of the transceiver. Failure to terminate the antenna port properly may cause permanent damage to the NCL1135.

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Customer Support

If you have any problems with the hardware or software, please contact WaveRider Communications Inc. Please provide your NCL1135 Model number and software version when you request support.

Telephone: +1 416–502–3161

Fax: +1 416–502–2968

Email: techsupport@waverider.com

URL: www.waverider.com

WaveRider offers a complete training program. Please contact your sales representative for training information.

APCD–NC003–2.0A xiii

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1 NCL1135 Overview

1.1 Introduction

The NCL1135 is an intelligent, wireless Internet Protocol (IP) bridge/router that provides highcapacity 2.4 GHz connections between local- and wide-area networks via broadband radio links. The NCL1135 uses direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) techniques to provide secure communications and is completely network configurable.

Figure 1 shows an NCL1135 point-to-point network and point-to-multipoint network.

Figure 1 NCL1135 Network Examples

Point-to-Point Network:

Network

One Master and one

Station

NCL1135

(Station)

NCL1135

(Master)

Network

Point-to-Multipoint Network:

Up to 20 Stations per Master

NCL1135

(Master)

APCD–NC003–2.0A 1

NCL1135

(Station)

NCL1135

(Station)

Ethernet

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1 NCL1135 Overview

The NCL1135 is used to extend Ethernet networks, access the Internet at high speed, connect remote locations, and perform general data networking without the ongoing costs of leased telephone or data lines.

1.2 Features

• Flexible deployment—WaveRider’s NCL1135 can operate as either a bridge or router. In routing mode, the NCL1135 can be set up to use dynamic communications strategies such as the Routing Information Protocol (RIP), Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP), and Open Shortest Path First (OSPF).

• Ethernet compatibility—WaveRider’s NCL1135 allows users to connect with most Ethernet networks or devices.

• Microprocessor-controlled signal processing—All functions of WaveRider’s spread-spectrum transceiver are controlled through the integration of a powerful microprocessor.

• Architectural flexibility—WaveRider’s NCL1135 can be set up as a separate point- to-point links, or in a mulitipoint configuration in which a single NCL1135 operating in “master” mode can deliver data to and receive data from a maximum of 20 NCL1135 devices operating in “station” mode.

• User-configurable and -customizable monitoring—WaveRider’s NCL1135 operating system supports Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), which allows for continual status monitoring of any NCL1135 in your network, and remote upgrading.

• Low interference—WaveRider’s implementation of Direct Sequence SpreadSpectrum (DSSS) technology transmits signal information over a wide channel bandwidth, which reduces the potential for interference with neighboring communications systems. WaveRider’s NCL1135 design permits three master units to operate in close proximity without interfering with each other. For example, three master units supporting 20 station units apiece can operate in close proximity, thus providing 60 end-user links.

• Software-enabled feature sets—WaveRider offers NCL1135 users an easy, customizable upgrade path through software-enabled feature optioning.

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1.3 About Spread-Spectrum Radio Technology

Spread-spectrum communications systems differ from conventional narrowband communications systems because they use a much larger transmission bandwidth to send the same amount of information.

There are two primary forms of spread spectrum—direct sequence and frequency hopping. The NCL1135 uses direct-sequence spread-spectrum (DSSS). In DSSS systems, the transmitted information, along with a digital spreading sequence, are used to modulate the transmit carrier. The received signal is de-spread using the same digital spreading sequence, and the information recovered.

Although spread spectrum appears complex and uses a wider bandwidth, DSSS offers the following advantages for its use:

• Reduced power spectral density—Spreading over a wider bandwidth reduces the

spectral density (power per Hz of bandwidth) of the transmitted signal, allowing simultaneous operation of many spread spectrum systems in the same frequency band and geographic area. The reduced spectral density also allows you meet the regulatory emissions re qui rements in frequency bands such as the ISM band.

• Transmission security—It is technologically more difficult to surreptitiously recover

(or jam, in the case of military communications systems) spread-spectrum signals than it is to recover conventional narrowband signals.

• Interference suppression—The same mechanism that de-spreads the desired

signal in the receiver, also spreads undesired signals, which then appears to the receiver as low er levels of RF noise.

1 NCL1135 Overview

For more information about spread spectrum communications, contact the WaveRider Customer Support Centre.

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2 Network Considerations

This section provides an overview of the network considerations that you should make before beginning to implement an NCL1135 network. These network considerations include the following:

• configuration

• mode: bridging or routing

• planning

2.1 Network Configuration

The NCL1135 can be deployed in three different network configurations:

• point-to-point

• repeater

• point-to-multipoint

Before deploying the system, you must determine the required network topology.

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2 Network Considerations

2.1.1 Point-to-Point

In a typical point-to-point application, shown in Figure 2, unit A communicates direct ly with uni t B. You can implement the link in either bridging or routing mode.

2.1.2 Repeater

You can set up a repeater by using two NCL1135 units back-to-back.

Figure 2 Point-to-Point Application

Ethernet EthernetRadio

NCL1135 NCL1135

In the configuration shown in Figure 3, unit A communicates with unit B via the back-to-back NCL1135 repeater configuration of units C and D. You must use different frequencies for each leg of the path. Use this configuration to circumvent large obstacles in the radio link path, or when the link from unit A to unit B is too long to provide reasonable signal levels and data throughput.

Figure 3 Repeater Application

Ethernet Radio Ethernet EthernetRadio

NCL1135

ACD

NCL1135 NCL1135 NCL1135

In this configuration, the effective data throughput from unit A to unit B is the same as the lessor data throughput from unit A to unit C or unit D to unit B. That is, the throughput through a series of links will be that of the slowest link.

You can implement this configuration in either bridging or routing mode.

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2 Network Consider ations

2.1.3 Point-to-Multipoint

Figure 4 shows an example point-to-multipoint configuration. The master, unit A, sends and

receives messages to and from NCL1135 stations. In this configuration, the throughput of unit A is shared among the stations.

Although stations may receive communications from other stations, because of RF propagation conditions, the stations are programmed to accept messages only from their designated master.

Figure 4 Point-to-Multipoint Application

Ethernet

NCL1135

Ethernet

NCL1135

Ethernet

NCL1135

Ethernet

NCL1135

Radio

Ethernet

NCL1135

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2 Network Considerations

2.2 Bridging and Routing Ne twork Conf igurations

2.2.1 Point-to-Multipoint Bridging Network

In a point-to-multipoint network configuration, each NCL1135 must be configured as either a bridge or router, not a mix of both operational modes. Figure 5 shows the configuration of a typical point-to-multipoint bridging network.

Figure 5 Point-to-Multipoint Bridging Network Example

Ethernet

NCL1135

Type: Station Unit ID: 103 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Bridging IP Address - Ethernet: 10.0.2.103 Master ID: 1001

Ethernet

Radio

Type: Station Unit ID: 101 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Bridging IP Address - Ethernet: 10.0.2.101 Master ID: 1001

Ethernet

NCL1135

Type: Master Unit ID: 1001 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Bridging IP Address - Ethernet: 10.0.2.44 Remote Stat io n List: 101

Ethernet

102 103

NCL1135

Type: Station Unit ID: 102 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Bridging IP Address - Ethernet: 10.0.2.102 Master ID: 1001

In Figure 5, unit A is configured as the network master and units B, C, and D as stations. Units B, C, and D unit IDs must be manually added to the Remote Station List for unit A. The Master ID on each station is set to the unit ID for Unit A. If a unit is not in the Master Remote Station List and does not have the Master ID set to the unit ID for unit A, it will not be able to join the network.

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2 Network Consider ations

2.2.2 Point-to-Multipoint Routing Network

Figure 6 shows the configuration of a typical point-to-multipoint routing network.

Figure 6 Point-to-Multipoint Routing Network Example

Ethernet

NCL1135

Type: Station Unit ID: 103 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Routing IP Address - Ethernet: 13.0.2.103

Master ID: 1001

- Radio: 10.0.2.103

Ethernet

Radio

NCL1135

Type: Master Unit ID: 1001 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Routing IP Address - Ethernet: 14.0.2.44

Remote Station List: 101

- Radio: 10.0.2.44 102

103

Ethernet

NCL1135

Type: Station Unit ID: 101 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Routing IP Address - Ethernet: 11.0.2.101

Master ID: 1001

- Radio: 10.0.2.101

Ethernet

NCL1135

Type: Station Unit ID: 102 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Routing IP Address - Ethernet: 12.0.2.102

Master ID: 1001

- Radio: 10.0.2.102

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2 Network Considerations

2.3 Planning an NCL1135 Configuration

Configuring each NCL1135 correctly is crucial to the proper operation of your network. Review the flowchart in Figure 7 before starting the configuration to ensure that you have the necessary information to configure the unit correctly.

Record your configuration options for each unit on a configuration record similar to the one provided in Appendix E. Use the Configuration Data Record to help you plan your network and keep track of NCL1135 network assignments.

Figure 7 NCL1135 Configuration Planning Flowchart

Start NCL1135

Configuration

Determine radio

channel

Determine unit ID

Determine station

unit IDs for

Remote Station

List

Radio Configuration

IP Configuration

Master or

Station?

Determine IP address and

subnet mask for Ethernet

interface

Bridging or

Routing?

Bridge

(Optional)

Determine static routes

(Optional)

Determine SNMP

configuration

StationMaster

Routing

Determine master

unit ID

Determine IP address

and subnet mask for

radio interface

Determine st atic routes

(Optional)

Determine RIP

configuration

(Optional)

Determine DHCP Relay

configuration

(Optional)

Determine DNS server

configuration

End NCL1135

Configuration

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3 Configuring the NCL1135

This section describes the steps required to initialize and configure the NCL1135 for use as either a bridge or router, including the options available for routing and system monitoring. NCL1135 users can perform these steps three ways:

• Telenet command line interface (CLI)

• Windows 95/98 graphical user interface (GUI)

• Internet Explorer/Netscape Communicator web browser

Before you begin these procedures, you should become familiar with the conventions used to display the command-line syntax used in this manual. See NCL1135 Command-Line Syntax Conventions on page 57. Table 7 on page 58 defines the keyboard shortcuts for entering commands and requesting help.

NOTE: The following section describes the procedures for configuring

the NCL1135 via Telnet CLI. To download the Windows 95/98 GUI application, or more information on configuring the NCL1135 via web browser, visit WaveRider’s website at: <http://www.waverider.com/techsupport/index.html>.

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3 Configuring the NCL1135

3.1 Connecting and Initializing the NCL1135

WARNING!

Antennas and associated trans mission cable must be installed by qualified personnel. Failure to terminate the antenna port correctly can permanently damage the NCL1135. WaveRider assumes no liability for failure to adhere to this recommendation or to recognized general safety precautions.

1. Attach the antenna or a 50-ohm load to the antenna connection on the back of the NCL1135. Do NOT plug the NCL1135 to the power outlet until you have the antenna or load connected.

NOTE: The NCL1135 is factory preset with the radio transmission

capabilities disabled to prevent equipment damage. However, as a general precaution, WaveRider recommends that you always connect the antenna or load before source.

connecting to a power

Ethernet Link LED

10BaseTx Ethernet Connector (RJ-45)

Power LED

Power Supply

2. Use an RS-232 crossover cable to connect a terminal to the DB9 port.

Figure 8 NCL1135 Connections

RS-232 Connector

RS-232 Connector (DB9 console port

(DB9 console port

Antenna Connector (Reverse-Polarity SMA)

NOTE: Y ou can use any ASCII terminal to access the NCL1135, such as

a single-function terminal or a computer running terminal-

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3 Configuring the NCL1135

emulation software. Figure 9 illustrates the pin-out for the console port.

Figure 9 Console Port Pin-out Diagram

DB9 Male DTE Configurati on Pin 2 Rx line

Pin 3 Tx line Pin 5 Ground

9867

3. If you are using a terminal-emulation package, such as HyperTerminal, start the application.

4. In the terminal-emulation application, select the communications port that you are using to connect to the NCL1135.

5. Configure the application using the following settings:

• 9600 bps

• 8 data bits

• no parity

• 1 stop bit

• no flow control

6. Plug the NCL1135 into a 110 or 220 V AC power source using the power cord provided with the unit. The NCL1135 begins an initialization sequence displaying progress messages on the terminal screen.

When it completes initialization, it displays a message to indicate that the system is operational and the PASSWORD: prompt appears.

7. At the PASSWORD: prompt, press ENTER. The NCL1135 comes factory-configured with no password.

8. Change the password for the NCL1135 by following the instructions in Changing the

NCL1135 Password, on page 14.

9. Change the system name in the NCL1135 as described in Setting the NCL1135

System Name, on page 15.

10. If the NCL1135 had been configured for use elsewhere in your network, reset the unit by following the instructions is Resetting an NCL1135 to Factory Settings, on page 15. If the NCL1135 is a factory-configured unit, you can omit this step.

The NCL1135 is now ready to be configured for your network.

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3 Configuring the NCL1135

3.1.1 Changing the NCL1135 Password

You must be successfully connected and logged into the NCL1135. For security, we recommend that you set the password for each unit in your network to a

unique password and that you record the password on the Configuration Data Record for the group. Refer to Appendix E for a copy of the NCL1135 Network Group Configuration Data Record.

1. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <system password>.

2. At the Enter Current Password: prompt, type the old password.

3. At the Enter New Password: prompt, type the new password.

4. At the Verify password: prompt, type the new password again.

TIP: Use a maximum of sixteen (16) alphanumeric, ASCII charact er s. Pa ss w or ds are ca se-sensitive . Fo r example, “abc” is not the same as “aBc”.

The system will display a message that your password has been successfully changed.

5. Type <write> or <save> to save the settings to memory.

Your session to change the password may be similar to the following example session:

NCL1135> system password Enter Current Password: ******* Enter New Password: **** Verify password: **** System password has been changed. NCL1135>

CAUTION: Remember to record the password in your Data Configuration Record. Unlocking the NCL1135 can be a complicated process. If you have forgotten the password, contact the WaveRider Customer Support Centre for assistance.

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3 Configuring the NCL1135

3.1.2 Setting the NCL1135 System Name

You must be successfully connected and logged into the NCL1135.

1. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <system name your_system_name> to name the NCL1135 in your system.

TIP: We recommend that you use a system name that uniquely identifies the unit. Y ou can use a name based on its location, its purpose, or a combination of both. For example, a system name, Station_firehall identifies the NCL1135 configured as a Station and located at the firehall.

The session to change the system name from NCL1135 to Station_firehall would look like this:

NCL1135> system name Station_firehall System name changed to: Station_firehall

Station_firehall>

2. Type <write> or <save> to save the settings to memory.

NOTE: In this User Manual, the command-line prompt will always be

shown as NCL1135>.

3.1.3 Res et t ing an NCL1135 to Fa ct ory Sett ings

If the NCL1135 is a factory-configured unit, the following procedure does not need to be performed. Use this procedure if the NCL1135 had been previously configured for use elsewhere in your network and you would like to prepare it for another location and use.

1. Connect the NCL1135 to a terminal or terminal-emulation software and at the NCL1135> prompt, type <write erase> to reset the unit to its factory-default settings.

2. Type <reboot> for the unit to recognize the factory-default settings.

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3 Configuring the NCL1135

3.2 Configuring the NCL1135

The procedures to configure the NCL1135 using a command-line interface are divided into two main sections:

• Radio configurati on — see Setting the Radio Configuration on page 16

• IP configuration — see Setting the IP Configuration on page 18

You can also configure the NCL1135 with the following options:

• Routing Information Protocol (RIP)—see Setting RIP Configuration on page 19

• Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)—see Setting OSPF Configuration on page 20

• Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP) Relay—see Setting the DHCP Relay

Configuration on page 21

• Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)—see Setting the SNMP Configuration on page 22

• Domain Name Server (DNS) Resolver—see Setting the DNS Resolver Configuration on page 23

3.2.1 Setting the Radio Configuration

Before setting the radio configuration parameters, ensure that the NCL1135 has been connected to a terminal and initialized as described in Connecting and Initializing the

NCL1135, on page 12 and you have changed the password as described in Changing the NCL1135 Password, on page 14.

WARNING!

1. Determine the radio channel for the network. See Appendix C for a list of operating frequencies.

2. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <radio channel channel> to set the radio channel for the NCL1135 where channel is the number of the network radio channel on which it will be operating.

3. Determine the unit IDs for the Master and Stations for this NCL1135 network group. The unit ID is a unique number, from 1 to 16383, that is used to identify the NCL1135 within the network group.

4. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <radio unitid unit_id> to set the NCL1135 unit ID.

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3 Configuring the NCL1135

5. Set the NCL1135 as a Master or Station. To set the NCL1135 as a Master, type

<radio type master>. To set the NCL1135 as a Station, type <radio type station>.

6. If the NCL1135 is a Master, add the unit IDs for the Stations that are configured for this network group. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <radio station add station_unitid> where station_unitid is the unit ID for a Station.

NOTE: To remove a Station from the Remote Station List, type <radio

station del station_unitid> where station_unitid

is the unit ID for the Station you want removed.

7. Repeat step 6 for each Station that you want to add to the Remote Station List for the Master NCL1135. A maximum of 20 Stations can be added to one Master.

8. If the NCL1135 is a Station, add the Master unit ID for the network group. At the

NCL1135> prompt, type <radio masterID master_unitid> where master_unitid is the unit ID for Master NCL1135 in the network group.

9. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <write> to save the settings to memory.

TIP: To display a list of Stations associated with a Master NCL1135, type <radio station> at the NCL1135> prompt.

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3 Configuring the NCL1135

3.2.2 Setting the IP Configuration

Ensure that the NCL1135 has been connected to a terminal and initialized as described in

Connecting and Initializing the NCL1135, on page 12 and you have changed the password as

described in Changing the NCL1135 Passwor d, on page 14. Complete the radio configuration as described in Setting the IP Configuration, on page 18

before configuring the IP configuration options.

1. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <ip address ethernet aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd nn> to set the IP address for the Ethernet interface. aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address of the NCL1135 and nn is the number of bits in the subnet mask (for example, 24 represents a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0).

2. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <mode bridging> or <mode routing> to set the forwarding mode.

3. If the mode is set to bridging in Step 2, omit this step. If the mode is routing, type <ip address radio remote_unit_id aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd eee.fff.ggg.hhh> to set the IP address for the radio interface to the remote unit. aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address for the local unit and eee.fff.ggg.hhh is the IP address for the remote unit.

NOTE: If you change the radio IP address for a Station at a later time,

remember to update the Master with the new Station IP address. If you change the radio IP address for a Master at a later time, remember to update each Station in the Remote Station List with the new remote IP address for the Master.

4. For a Master unit, repeat step 3 for every Station in the group. For a Station unit, you only need to enter the remote unit IP address for the Master.

5. You can optionally add a maximum of 256 static routes for the NCL1135. At the

NCL1135> prompt, type <ip route add aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd eee.fff.ggg.hhh subnet_mask> where aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address

for the destination network, eee.fff.ggg.hhh is the IP address for the gateway, and subnet_mask is specified in the number of bits.

6. If the mode is routing and the NCL1135 is a Master, type <ip route add station_ethernet_subnet station_radio_ip_address subnet_mask> to route the Master subnet traffic to the Master.

7. If the mode is routing and the NCL1135 is a Station, type <ip route add 0.0.0.0 master_radio_ip_address 0> to add a default static route to route all unknown subnets through the Master.

8. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <radio enable> to enable the NCL1 135 to transmit messages. Ensure that the NCL1135 antenna port is terminated.

9. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <write> to save the settings to memory.

10. When done configuring the NCL1135, disconnect the terminal from the NCL1135.

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3 Configuring the NCL1135

3.2.3 Configuration Options

The NCL1135 provides users with the following configuration options:

in Routing Mode

• Routing Information Protocol (RIP)—see Setting RIP Configuration on page 19

• Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)—see Setting OSPF Configuration on page 20

• Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP) Relay—see Setting the DHCP Relay

Configuration on page 21

for System Monitoring

• Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)—see Setting the SNMP Configuration

on page 22

• Domain Name Server (DNS) Resolver—see Setting the DNS Resolver Configuration

on page 23

After completing these procedures, it is important to confirm that the configuration is correct before deploying the NCL1135 in the field. Refer to Chapter 4, Testing, on page 35.

Two example configuration diagrams and sessions are provided in Examples of Bridging and

Routing Configurations, on page 24: one for a point-to-multipoint bridging, and the second for

a point-to multipoint routing network.

Setting RIP Configuration

When the NCL1135 is in Routing Mode, you can optionally enable the Routing Information Protocol (RIP) features. RIP is a protocol that runs between two routers (for example, two NCL1135s) or a route server in order toexchange information about routes. When RIP is active, RIP can be configured to “advertise” default routes or static routes.

The NCL1135 supports both RIP version 1 and 2. RIP version 2 can be set as broadcast, compatible, or multicast.

1. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <ip routing rip> to enable RIP as the routing mode.

2. To transmit the route information in packets, type <ip rip active>. If RIP is set to quiet, it receives and processes RIP packets, but it does not transmit them.

3. Type <ip rip version> to display the current version of RIP.

4. If RIP is version 1, it is broadcast only. To change RIP routing to support version 2, type <ip rip version 2>.

5. If you set RIP to version 2, you can additionally specify how RIP handles packets.

To do this.... Type...

Send version 2 advertisements as broadcast. <ip rip broadcast>

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3 Configuring the NCL1135

To do this.... Type...

Send more compatible version 1 broadcasts (intended for version 1 routers ) .

Disable RIP routing. <ip rip disable> Enable RIP routing. <ip rip enable> Send version 2 advertisements to RIP version 2

multicast addresses. This is generally more efficient than broadcast.

6. To enable RIP to advertise the default route, if one exists, in the advertisement, type

<ip rip default>.

To send RIP to advertise static routes, as well as all other RIP information, type

<ip rip update>. noupdate sends all route information except static route information.

Setting OSPF Configuration

The Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) routing protocol generates an IP network layer database and forwards that information to all other routers within the same network to determine the shortest path between nodes. OSPF is compatible with other routing protocols and does not affect packet content.

OSPF routing decisions are based on a Link-State Algorithmn (or Advertisement), which allows faster delivery of packetized data, particularily within larger corporate and institutional intranetworks, because each router is aware of the set of links used by every other router, rather than only those of its adjacent router. In an OSPF-enabled environment, whenever a router becomes aware of another router on one of its attached subnetworks, it creates a logical link to that system, and treats it as a ‘neighbour’.

To do this.... Type...

Display OSPF area configuration <ip ospf area> Add an OSPF area <ip ospf area add>

Delete an O SPF area <ip ospf area del>

Disable OSPF protocol. <ip ospf disable> Enable OSPF protocol. <ip ospf enable> Configure interface parameters. <ip ospf interface>

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3 Configuring the NCL1135

Setting the DHCP Relay Configuration

When the NCL1135 is in Routing mode, you can optionally enable Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP) Relay which makes the NCL1135 aware of the protocol for DHCP traffic and forward the responses back to the designated DHCP Server.

NOTE: DHCP Relay is transparent when the NCL1135 is in bridging

mode and, therefore, is not available in that mode.

You can configure a maximum of five DHCP servers in the NCL1135 configuration.

1. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <dhcp mode relay> to enable DHCP Relay in the device.

2. To add a DHCP server, type <dhcp relay add ip_address> where ip_address is the IP Address for the DHCP Server available for the NCL1135 to forward and receive DHCP traffic.

3. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <write> to save the settings to memory.

NOTE: To remove a DHCP server, type <dhcp relay delete

ip_address>. To disable DHCP Relay, type <dhcp mode none>.

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Setting the SNMP Configuration

SNMP enables a network management station to monitor, control, and remotely configure network devices called agents.

SNMP allows you to look at SNMP variables using READ communities, and to set SNMP variables using WRITE communities. Communities are optional on the NCL1135, but it can support a maximum of five communities. An NCL1135 comes factory-configured with two communities, a READ community called public and a WRITE community called private.

SNMP also provides a mechanism called trap, which notifies a network management station that a significant event took place. A significant event can be an interface going down or coming up, a unit performing a cold or warm start, or an authentication failure. Refer to RFC 1157 for details.

Associated with SNMP are Management Information Bases (MIBs). These specify a collection of management information available from the agent. This information can be controlled and monitored from a network management station.

The NCL1135 implements SNMPv2c and includes a number of standard SNMP MIBs:

• RFC1157 (MIB-Il)

• RFC1493 (bridging)

• an NCL1135-specific MIB

WaveRider MIBs can be downloaded from the technical support page at www.waverider.com. The following procedure describes how to configure standard SNMP communities for read/ write access to the NCL1135 SNMP agent and to specify a server IP address to which trap messages are sent.

1. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <snmp> to display the current SNMP settings for the NCL1135.

2. To add a new community, type <snmp community add community READ|WRITE> where community is the name of the community and READ|WRITE is the community type. You can have a maximum of five communities.

3. If a community is not set up the way you want it, delete it by typing <snmp community del community READ|WRITE> where community is the name of the community and READ|WRITE is the community type.

4. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <snmp location location> to change the geographical location of the NCL1135.

5. Type <snmp contact contact> to change the contact name for the NCL1135. The contact can be a name and phone number, a URL, or an email address.

6. To add a trap server to the NCL1135 configuration, type <snmp trap add aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd community> where aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address of the trap server and community is the name of the community on the trap server.

7. To delete a trap server from the NCL1135 configuration, type <snmp trap del aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd community> where aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address of the trap server and community is the name of the community on the trap server.

8. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <write> to save the settings to memory.

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Setting the DNS Resolver Configuration

The NCL1135 implements DNS resolver software. Once you configure the NCL1135, you can use host names instead of IP addresses when you make a Telnet connection from the NCL1135 console to other IP hosts on the network, or when you send ping messages to test connectivity.

Adding DNS server lists is optional on the NCL1135, but you can configure the NCL1135 to use a maximum of five DNS servers. An NCL1135 comes factory-configured with no DNS servers in the list.

You can also configure the NCL1135 with a domain name for your local IP network. The following procedure describes how to configure the NCL1135 to implement DNS resolver

software and configure the NCL1135 domain name. Setting the DNS resolver configuration is optional.

1. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <ip dns> to display the current DNS setup used by the NCL1135.

2. To add a DNS Server, type <ip dns server add aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd> where aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address of the DNS Server.

3. To delete a DNS Server, type <ip dns server del aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd> where aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address of the DNS Server.

4. To set the domain name for your local IP network, type <ip dns domain domain_name> where domain_name is the name for your local IP network.

5. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <write> to save the settings to memory.

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3.3 Examples of Bridging and Routing Configurations

The following two examples for a point-to-multipoint network configuration provide detailed diagrams for a bridging and routing configuration and the corresponding command-line sessions to configure the appropriate devices in the network.

In a point-to-multipoint network configuration, all the NCL1135s in the network must be either configured as bridges or routers, not a mix of both operational modes.

3.3.1 Point-to-Multipoint Bridging Network

Figure 10 shows a configuration of a typical point-to-multipoint bridging network.

Figure 10 Example Point-to-Multipoint Bridging Network

Ethernet

NCL1135

Type: Station Unit ID: 103 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Bridging IP Address - Ethernet: 10.0.2.103 Master ID: 1001

Ethernet

Radio

Type: Station Unit ID: 101 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Bridging IP Address - Ethernet: 10.0.2.101 Master ID: 1001

Ethernet

NCL1135

Type: Master Unit ID: 1001 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Bridging IP Address - Ethernet: 10.0.2.44 Remote Station List: 101

Ethernet

102 103

NCL1135

Type: Station Unit ID: 102 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Bridging IP Address - Ethernet: 10.0.2.102 Master ID: 1001

In Figure 10, unit A has been configured as the Master of the system with remote units B, C, and D configured as Stations. Units B, C, and D unit IDs have been manually added to the Master (unit A) Remote Station List. The Master unit ID on each Station is set to the unit ID for unit A. If a unit is not in the Master Remote Station List and does not have the Master unit ID set, it will not be able to join the network.

The following example session shows how to configure the Master NCL1135 for the bridging network shown in Figure 10.

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NCL1135>

3 Configuring the NCL1135

NCL1135> radio channel 1 Radio channel changed to: 1

NCL1135> radio unitid 1001 Unit ID changed to: 1001

NCL1135> radio type master Radio type changed to: Master

NCL1135> radio station add 101 Station added.

NCL1135> radio station add 102 Station added.

NCL1135> radio station add 103 Station added.

NCL1135> radio RADIO CONFIGURATION: Radio type : Master Wireless ID : 1001 Speed : 11Mbs Channel : 1 Regulatory Domain : FCC/IC Frequency : 2.412 GHz Interframe spacing: 32 (281.6 micro seconds) Hardware address : 00:90:27:CA:62:A3 Network Card IRQ : 5 NIC Base Address : 0x0d0000 Remote Stations : 101 : 102 : 103

Sets the NCL1135 type to Master

Sets the radio channel

Sets the NCL1135 unit ID

Adds a station to the Master Remote Station List

Displays the radio configuration information

NCL1135> ip address ethernet 10.0.2.44 16 IP addresses: Ethernet: 10.0.2.44/16

NCL1135> mode bridging Forwarding mode: Bridging

NCL1135> ip Forwarding Mode: BRIDGING Addresses: Ethernet: 10.0.2.44/16 Routing: IP Routing (Static Only) Routing Table: Destination Mask Gateway Flags Protocol Interface

--------------------------------------------------------------------

10.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.44 UC Local eeE0

10.0.2.44 0 10.0.2.44 UHL ICMP lo0

127.0.0.1 0 127.0.0.1 UH Local lo0

-------------------------------------------------------------------DNS Domain Name: DNS Servers: No DNS servers defined.

NCL1135> write

Sets the mode to bridging

Displays the IP configuration information

Saves the configuration

Changes the local Ethernet IP address

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3 Configuring the NCL1135

The following example session shows how to configure Station B in Figure 10 to join the network. To configure the remaining Stations, use the same procedure, replacing the unit ID and IP address for each with the appropriate information for that Station.

NCL1135>

NCL1135> radio channel 1 Radio channel changed to: 1

NCL1135> radio unitid 101 Unit ID changed to: 101

NCL1135> radio type station Radio type changed to: Station

NCL1135> radio masterid 1001 Master Id changed to: 1001

NCL1135> ip address ethernet 10.0.2.101 16 IP addresses: Ethernet: 10.0.2.101/16

NCL1135> mode bridging Forwarding mode: Bridging

NCL1135> radio RADIO CONFIGURATION: Radio type : Station Wireless ID : 101 Speed : 11Mbs Channel : 1 Regulatory Domain : FCC/IC Frequency : 2.412 GHz Interframe spacing: 32 (281.6 micro seconds) Hardware address : 00:90:27:CA:62:A3 Network Card IRQ : 5 NIC Base Address : 0x0d0000 Master ID : 1001

NCL1135> ip Forwarding Mode: BRIDGING Addresses: Ethernet: 10.0.2.101/16 Routing: IP Routing (Static Only) Routing Table: Destination Mask Gateway Flags Protocol Interface

--------------------------------------------------------------------

10.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.101 UC Local eeE0

10.0.2.101 0 10.0.2.101 UHL ICMP lo0

127.0.0.1 0 127.0.0.1 UH Local lo0

-------------------------------------------------------------------DNS Domain Name: DNS Servers: No DNS servers defined.

Sets the NCL1135 type to Station

Identifies the unit ID of the Master for this Station

NCL1135> write

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3 Configuring the NCL1135

3.3.2 Point-to-Multipoint Routing Network

Figure 11 shows a configuration of a typical point-to-multipoint routing network.

Figure 11 Example Point-to-Multipoint Routing Network

Ethernet

NCL1135

Ethernet

Type: Station Unit ID: 103 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Routing IP Address - Ethernet: 13.0.2.103

Master ID: 1001

- Radio: 10.0.2.103

Ethernet

Radio

NCL1135

Type: Master Unit ID: 1001 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Routing IP Address - Ethernet: 14.0.2.44

Remote Station List: 101

- Radio: 10.0.2.44 102

103

Type: Station Unit ID: 102 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Routing IP Address - Ethernet: 12.0.2.102

Master ID: 1001

NCL1135

Type: Station Unit ID: 101 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Routing IP Address - Ethernet: 11.0.2.101

Master ID: 1001

- Radio: 10.0.2.101

Ethernet

NCL1135

- Radio: 10.0.2.102

The following example session shows how to configure the Master NCL1135 for the routing network shown in Figure 11.

NCL1135> NCL1135> ip address ethernet 14.0.2.44 16 IP addresses: Ethernet: 14.0.2.44/16

NCL1135> mode routing Forwarding mode: IP Routing

ncl1135> dhcp DHCP Disabled

ncl1135> dhcp mode relay DHCP Relay Enabled

ncl1135> dhcp relay add 10.0.1.44 DHCP Servers/Relay Agents:

10.0.1.44

Sets the mode to routing

DHCP Relay is disabled by default

Enable DHCP Relay

Add a DHCP Server to the DHCP Relay table

NCL1135> radio channel 1

NCL1135> radio type master Radio type changed to: Master

NCL1135> radio unitid 1001 Unit ID changed to: 1001

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3 Configuring the NCL1135

NCL1135> radio station add 101 Station added.

NCL1135> radio station add 102 Station added.

NCL1135> radio station add 103 Station added.

NCL1135> ip Forwarding Mode: IP ROUTING Addresses: Ethernet: 14.0.2.44/16 Radio: 101, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p ? 102, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p ? 103, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p ? Routing: IP Routing (Static Only) Routing Table: Destination Mask Gateway Flags Protocol Interface

--------------------------------------------------------------------

14.0.2.44 0 14.0.2.44 UHL ICMP lo0

14.0.0.0 16 14.0.2.44 UC Local eeE0

127.0.0.1 0 127.0.0.1 UH Local lo0

-------------------------------------------------------------------DNS Domain Name: DNS Servers: No DNS servers defined.

Displays the IP configuration information

The ? means that the IP address for the remote unit in the routing network has not been set

NCL1135> ip address radio 101 10.0.2.44 10.0.2.101 IP addresses: Ethernet: 14.0.2.44/16 Radio: 101, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p 10.0.2.101 102, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p ? 103, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p ?

NCL1135> ip address radio 102 10.0.2.44 10.0.2.102 IP addresses: Ethernet: 14.0.2.44/16 Radio: 101, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p 10.0.2.101 102, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p 10.0.2.102 103, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p ?

NCL1135> ip address radio 103 10.0.2.44 10.0.2.103 IP addresses: Ethernet: 14.0.2.44/16 Radio: 101, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p 10.0.2.101 102, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p 10.0.2.102 103, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p 10.0.2.103

Sets the radio IP address for the route to station B (unit ID 101)

Sets the radio IP address for the route to station C (unit ID 102)

Sets the radio IP address for the route to station D (unit ID 103)

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3 Configuring the NCL1135

NCL1135> ip route add 11.0.0.0 10.0.2.101 16 Routing Table: Destination Mask Gateway Flags Protocol Interface

--------------------------------------------------------------------

14.0.2.44 0 14.0.2.44 UHL ICMP lo0

10.0.2.101 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr1

10.0.2.102 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr2

10.0.2.103 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr3

14.0.0.0 16 14.0.2.44 UC Local eeE0

11.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.101 UC Static mdr1

127.0.0.1 0 127.0.0.1 UH Local lo0

--------------------------------------------------------------------

NCL1135> ip route add 12.0.0.0 10.0.2.102 16 Routing Table: Destination Mask Gateway Flags Protocol Interface

--------------------------------------------------------------------

14.0.2.44 0 14.0.2.44 UHL ICMP lo0

10.0.2.101 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr1

10.0.2.102 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr2

10.0.2.103 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr3

14.0.0.0 16 14.0.2.44 UC Local eeE0

11.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.101 UC Static mdr1

12.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.102 UC Static mdr2

127.0.0.1 0 127.0.0.1 UH Local lo0

--------------------------------------------------------------------

NCL1135> ip route add 13.0.0.0 10.0.2.103 16 Routing Table: Destination Mask Gateway Flags Protocol Interface

--------------------------------------------------------------------

14.0.2.44 0 14.0.2.44 UHL ICMP lo0

10.0.2.101 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr1

10.0.2.102 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr2

10.0.2.103 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr3

14.0.0.0 16 14.0.2.44 UC Local eeE0

11.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.101 UC Static mdr1

12.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.102 UC Static mdr2

13.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.103 UC Static mdr3

127.0.0.1 0 127.0.0.1 UH Local lo0

--------------------------------------------------------------------

For each Station, route the Ethernet subnet to the radio IP address of the Station

NCL1135> ip Forwarding Mode: IP ROUTING Addresses: Ethernet: 14.0.2.44/16 Radio: 101, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p 10.0.2.101 102, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p 10.0.2.102 103, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p 10.0.2.103 Routing: IP Routing (Static Only) Routing Table: Destination Mask Gateway Flags Protocol Interface

--------------------------------------------------------------------

14.0.2.44 0 14.0.2.44 UHL ICMP lo0

10.0.2.101 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr1

10.0.2.102 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr2

10.0.2.103 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr3

14.0.0.0 16 14.0.2.44 UC Local eeE0

11.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.101 UC Static mdr1

12.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.102 UC Static mdr2

13.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.103 UC Static mdr3

127.0.0.1 0 127.0.0.1 UH Local lo0

-------------------------------------------------------------------DNS Domain Name:

Note the IP addresses for the remote Stations are now set

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3 Configuring the NCL1135

DNS Servers: No DNS servers defined.

NCL1135> write

The following example session shows how to configure Station B in Figure 11 to join the routing network. To configure the remaining Stations, use the same procedure, replacing the unit ID for each Station with the appropriate ID for that Station.

NCL1135> NCL1135> ip address ethernet 11.0.2.101 16 IP addresses: Ethernet: 11.0.2.101/16 Radio: 200, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p ?

ncl1135> dhcp mode relay DHCP Relay Enabled

ncl1135> dhcp relay add 10.0.1.44 DHCP Servers/Relay Agents:

10.0.1.44

NCL1135> radio channel 1

NCL1135> mode routing Forwarding mode: IP Routing

NCL1135> radio type station Radio type changed to: Station

NCL1135> radio unitid 101 Unit ID changed to: 101

NCL1135> radio masterid 1001 Master Id changed to: 1001

NCL1135> ip address radio 1001 10.0.2.101 10.0.2.44 IP addresses: Ethernet: 11.0.2.101/16 Radio: 1001, 10.0.2.101 p-t-p 10.0.2.44

NCL1135> ip route add 0.0.0.0 10.0.2.44 16

Routing Table: Destination Mask Gateway Flags Protocol Interface

--------------------------------------------------------------------

10.0.2.44 0 10.0.2.101 UHC Local mdr1

11.0.2.101 0 11.0.2.101 UHL ICMP lo0

11.0.0.0 16 11.0.2.101 UC Local eeE0

0.0.0.0 0 10.0.2.44 UC Static mdr1

127.0.0.1 0 127.0.0.1 UH Local lo0

--------------------------------------------------------------------

Enable DHCP Relay

Add a DHCP Server to the DHCP Relay table

Set the radio channel

Sets the radio IP address for the route to the Master NCL1135

Sets the default static route

NCL1135> radio RADIO CONFIGURATION: Radio type : Station Wireless ID : 101 Speed : 11Mbs Channel : 4 Regulatory Domain : FCC/IC Frequency : 2.412 GHz Interframe spacing: 32 (281.6 micro seconds) Hardware address : 00:90:27:CA:62:A3

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3 Configuring the NCL1135

Network Card IRQ : 5 NIC Base Address : 0x0d0000 Master ID : 1001

NCL1135> ip Forwarding Mode: IP ROUTING Addresses: Ethernet: 11.0.2.101/16 Radio: 1001, 10.0.2.101 p-t-p 10.0.2.44 Routing: IP Routing (Static Only) Routing Table: Destination Mask Gateway Flags Protocol Interface

--------------------------------------------------------------------

10.0.2.44 0 10.0.2.101 UHC Local mdr1

11.0.2.101 0 11.0.2.101 UHL ICMP lo0

11.0.0.0 16 11.0.2.101 UC Local eeE0

0.0.0.0 0 10.0.2.44 UC Static mdr1

127.0.0.1 0 127.0.0.1 UH Local lo0

-------------------------------------------------------------------DNS Domain Name: DNS Servers: No DNS servers defined.

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3.4 Updating an NCL1135 Using Remote Connections

The NCL1135 allows you to connect to it remotely using any of the following methods:

• FTP

• Telnet

In order to remotely access an NCL1135, you will need the following information:

• IP address for the NCL1135

• NCL1135 Password (Refer to the Configuration Data Record for the NCL1135.)

NOTE: If your network has a firewall, you will only be able to access the

NCL1135 from within the network. Before attempting to configure the NCL1135 using a remote connection, you should be familiar with the configuration procedures described in Configuring the

NCL1135, on page 16.

3.4.1 Establishing an FTP Connection

Use an FTP session to upload firmware upgrades to the NCL1135. Specific instructions to upgrade firmware will be provided with each new release.

NOTE: The following procedure assumes that you are using a basic

command-line FTP application.

1. From a computer or terminal, start an FTP session following the instructions for the FTP application you are using.

2. Log into the NCL1135.

3. At the User Name prompt, press ENTER. For FTP sessions, the User Name for the NCL1135 is blank.

4. At the Password prompt, type the NCL1135 password that you defined for the device. Refer to the Configuration Data Record for the NCL1135.

5. On the FTP client, change the Transfer Mode to binary (for example, type <binary>).

6. On the FTP client, put the file to the client (for example: type <put filename.exe filename.exe>). The file transfer will take a few minutes to complete.

7. After the confirmation message is received, quit the FTP session (for example, type <quit>).

NOTE: Once finished with the FTP session, you will need to follow up

with a Telnet session to reboot the NCL1135 for the upgrade to take effect.

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3 Configuring the NCL1135

3.4.2 Establishing a Telnet Session

Use a Telnet connection to the NCL1135 to modify configuration parameters or to restart the NCL1135 from a remote location.

CAUTION: If you connect to the NCL1135 using Telnet and change the radio or Ethernet IP address, your connection to the device will be dropped. You will need to reconnect to the NCL1 135 using the new IP address in order to save your changes to the device. When you use a local serial connection, this does not occur.

You can use a standard Telnet application to connect to the NCL1135.

1. Start the Telnet application on your computer.

2. Use a remote system connection to connect to the IP address for the NCL1135.

3. At the Password prompt, type the NCL1135 password. The application opens a terminal-emulation screen.

4. Modify the configuration parameters as necessary.

5. When done, type <exit> t o clo se the Telnet session.

NOTE: If you perform a restart or reboot from a Telnet connection, the

NCL1135 will drop your connection. You will need to reconnect to the NCL1135 after a restart.

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4 Testing

To test the NCL1135 configuration you will need at least two NCL1135s, one of which must be configured as a Master. Use the Ping Test to test the NCL1135s to verify that the NCL1135 have been configured correctly and that they are able to communicate with each other.

4.1 Performing a Ping Test

1. Set up the NCL1135s on either side of a room (at least 12 feet apart).

2. Ensure that each NCL1135 has an antenna connected to it. Do NOT plug the NCL1135 to the power outlet until you have an antenna connected.

WARNING!

Antennas and associated trans mission cable must be installed by qualified personnel. Failure to terminate the antenna port

correctly can permanently damage the NCL1135. WaveRider assumes no liability for failure to adhere to this recommendation or to recognized general safety precautions.

3. Plug the NCL1135 back into the power source and at the terminal console keyboard, log into the NCL1135.

4. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <ip ping ip_address> where ip_address is the IP address for the other NCL1135.

5. Let the ip ping command run for approximately 10 seconds. Press any key to end the ip ping command. If the configuration is correct, you should get a response similar to the following:

ncl1135> ncl1135> ip ping 10.0.2.52 Press any key to stop.

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PING 10.0.2.52: 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 10.0.2.52: icmp_seq=0. time=0. ms 64 bytes from 10.0.2.52: icmp_seq=1. time=30. ms 64 bytes from 10.0.2.52: icmp_seq=2. time=0. ms 64 bytes from 10.0.2.52: icmp_seq=3. time=0. ms 64 bytes from 10.0.2.52: icmp_seq=4. time=0. ms 64 bytes from 10.0.2.52: icmp_seq=5. time=0. ms 64 bytes from 10.0.2.52: icmp_seq=6. time=0. ms

----10.0.2.52 PING Statistics---7 packets transmitted, 7 packets received, 0% packet loss round-trip (ms) min/avg/max = 0/4/30

ncl1135>

If the connection does not work, you will receive the following message:

ncl1135> ncl1135> ip ping 10.0.2.52 Press any key to stop. PING 10.0.2.52: 56 data bytes no answer from 10.0.2.52

ncl1135>

Y ou receive replies only if the link is operational. Refer to Chapter 7, T roubleshooting, on p age 53 if the device does not respond.

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5 Deploying the NCL1135

The following section describes tests that you can use to optimize the signal strength and align the NCL1135 antennas after they are set up and transmitting.

NOTE: You cannot run more than one test at a time at a given unit.

5.1 Optimizing Signal Strength

5.1.1 Running the Continuous Transmit (Tx) Test

This test should only be used when setting up a Master and the first Station of a new network. The purpose of this test is to send a continuous stream of messages from an NCL1135 Master to a Station which receives and discards the messages, or to a spectrum analyzer for signal monitoring. The Radio Packet Error Rate (PER) is displayed at a Station receiving the Continuous Transmit messages and using that information, an installer aligns the antenna accordingly. Refer to Displaying the Radio Packet Error Rate (PER), on page 43 for more information.

You will need one NCL1135 configured as a Master. At the other end of the link, you can have an NCL1135 Station or a spectrum analyzer. The following procedure describes the test for a Master NCL1135 and one Station NCL1135. If you are using a spectrum analyzer, adjust the antenna for maximum received signal.

CAUTION: Do NOT run this test in a working network. Doing so will cause every device in the network to slow down.

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1. Ensure that the NCL1135s (one Master and one Station) have been configured and tested.

2. Deploy the Master and Station connecting the antennas as required.

3. Connect a terminal at each NCL1135 using a serial cable and log into each device.

4. At the Master NCL1135 console terminal, type <radio txTest start> to begin the Continuous Transmit Test. “Radio Tx Test On” is displayed above the NCL1135> prompt when the test is running.

5. At the Station NCL1135 console terminal, type <radio per continuous> to begin displaying the Radio PER. Refer to Displaying the Radio Packet Error Rate (PER), on page 43 for more information.

WARNING!

6. Using the information from Radio PER, align the antenna at the NCL1135 Station so that the number of packets missed is at a minimum rate.

7. When done with the antenna alignment, stop the test at the Master NCL1135. Type

<radio txTest stop>.

8. At the Station NCL1135, press any key to end the Radio PER output.

NOTE: By default, a Master NCL1135 keeps track of the Radio PER of

each Station. A Station does not track the Radio PER of another visible Station unless it is running the Continuous Receive test. Refer to Running the Continuous Receive (Rx) Test, on page 39. A Station does track the Radio PER of both direct and broadcast communication with the Master.

The information received from Radio PER during the Continuous Transmit test will be similar to the following output. The following output is from a Station (unit ID 2) communicating with the Master (unit ID 1) that is running the Continuous Transmit test.

station> radio per continuous

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1 UP 2 0 0 broadcast 5 0 0

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1 UP 2 0 0 broadcast 820 56 6

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5 Deploying the NCL1135

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1 UP 2 0 0 broadcast 1679 91 5

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1 UP 2 0 0 broadcast 2545 126 4

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1 UP 2 0 0 broadcast 3411 149 4

station>

5.1.2 Running the Continuous Receive (Rx) Test

The purpose of this test is to help you deploy an additional Station in an existing network without interrupting traffic to the currently active Stations in the network. The test is run from the new Station to “sniff” packets destined to every other Station (originated by the Master) in the system. The test is run simultaneously with Radio PER which displays the number of packets received and missed for each Station that is sniffed. This test can also be used at existing Stations to analyze throughput in a running system.

1. Ensure that the new Station NCL1135 has been configured and tested.

2. Deploy the Station and connect the antenna.

WARNING!

3. Connect a terminal at the Station NCL1135 using a serial cable and log into the device.

4. At the Station NCL1135, type <radio rxTest start> to begin “sniffing” the transmissions and automatically start the Radio PER display. “Continuous Rx test started” is displayed when the test is started.

NOTE: If you stop the Radio PER display (press any key), you can

restart the display by typing <radio per continuous>. Refer to Displaying the Radio Packet Error Rate (PER), on page 43 for more information.

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5 Deploying the NCL1135

5. Using the information from Radio PER, align the antenna at the NCL1135 Station so that the number of packets missed is at a minimum rate.

6. When done with the antenna alignment, press any key to stop the Radio PER display, then type <radio rxTest stop> to stop the test.

NOTE: When the Continuous Receive test is stopped, the Master

The information received from Radio PER during the Continuous Receive test will be similar to the following output. The following output is from a Station (unit ID 2) communicating with the Master (unit ID 1) that is also transmitting to another Station (unit ID 3).

station> radio rxtest start

Continuous Rx test started

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1 UP 1 0 0 broadcast 509 0 0 3 UP 1 0 0

NCL1135 statistics, both direct and broadcast, remain in the Radio PER list and continue to be updated. If the Continuous Receive test is restarted, the statistics for the Master and broadcast will continue from where they left off. The Stations will start from zero again.

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1 UP 1 0 0 broadcast 510 0 0 3 UP 1 0 0

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1 UP 1 0 0 broadcast 512 0 0 3 UP 1 0 0

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1 UP 1 0 0 broadcast 515 0 0 3 UP 1 0 0

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1 UP 1 0 0 broadcast 518 0 0 3 UP 1 0 0

[Radio Rx Test On] station> radio rxtest stop station>

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5 Deploying the NCL1135

5.1.3 Performing the Transmit/Receive Loopback T e st

This test should only be used when setting up a new network. The purpose of this test is to ensure that the Master NCL1135 can “see” the Station. It also determines the quality of the links between Master and Station. The test originates at the Master NCL1135, repeatedly sending test packets to the Stations. A Station recognizes these as test packets from the Master and echoes them back to the Master. When the Master receives the replies from the Station, it updates its Radio PER for that Station. One Master NCL1135 can have up to ten Stations simultaneously echoing test packets back to it.

You will need one NCL1135 configured as a Master and at least one NCL1135 Station.

CAUTION: Do NOT run this test in a working network. Doing so will cause every device in the network to slow down.

1. Ensure that the Master NCL1135 and Station NCL1135s have been configured and tested.

2. Deploy the Master and at least one Station connecting the antennas for each device as required.

WARNING!

3. Connect a terminal to the Master NCL1135 using a serial cable and log into the device.

4. At the Master NCL1135 console terminal, type <radio txrx start> to begin the Transmit/Receive Loopback test and automatically start the Radio PER display. “Tx/ Rx test started” is displayed when the test is started. Refer to Displaying the Radio

Packet Error Rate (PER), on page 43 for more information.

5. Using the information from Radio PER, determine the quality of the link between the Master and Stations.

6. When done, press any key to stop Radio PER, then stop the Transmit/Receive Loopback Test by typing <radio txrx stop>.

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5 Deploying the NCL1135

The information received from Radio PER during the Transmit/Receive Loopback test will be similar to the following output. The following output is from a Master (unit ID 1) communicating with two Stations (unit IDs 2 and 3).

master> radio txrx start

Tx/Rx test started

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------2 UP 9 0 0 3 UP 5 0 0

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------2 UP 827 53 6 3 UP 820 56 6

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------2 UP 1689 85 4 3 UP 1679 91 5

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------2 UP 2566 109 4 3 UP 2545 126 4

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------2 UP 3423 141 3 3 UP 3411 149 4

[Radio TxRx Test On] master> radio txrx stop master>

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6 Operational Statistics

After the NCL1135 is configured, you can obtain the radio Packet Error Rate (PER) information in addition to the operational statistics on the NCL1135 interfaces, radio, and IP protocol layer.

6.1 Displaying the Radio Packet Error Rate (PER)

Radio PER can be displayed at any time, including during tests. See Chapter 5, Deploying the

NCL1135, on page 37 for tests that use Radio PER to display statistics during testing.

To display the current Radio PER for an NCL1135 during normal operation, type <radio per> or <radio per single>.

Table 1 defines how to interpret the Radio PER output.

At a Master NCL1135, you will receive output similar to the following. The following example was taken at a Master NCL1135 communicating with two Stations (unit IDs 2 and 3).

master> radio per single

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------2 UP 2 0 0 3 UP 2 0 0

master>

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At a Station NCL1135, you will receive output similar to the following. The following example was taken at a Station (unit ID 2) communicating with a Master (unit ID 1).

station> radio per single

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1 UP 1 0 0 broadcast 72 0 0

station>

To display the radio PER once every second during normal operation, type <radio per continuous>.

NOTE: All Radio PER results are cumulative.

To clear the Radio PER statistics, type <radio per reset>. To stop the Radio PER display, press any key.

At a Master NCL1135, you will receive output similar to the following. The following example was taken at a Master (unit ID 1) communicating with two Stations (unit IDs 2 and 3).

master> radio per continuous

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------2 UP 2 0 0 3 UP 2 0 0

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------2 UP 102 0 0 3 UP 42 0 0

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------2 UP 112 1 0 3 UP 4 0 0

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------2 UP 140 2 0 3 UP 85 0 0

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------2 UP 171 2 0 3 UP 101 0 0

master>

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6 Operational St atistics

At a Station NCL1135, you will receive output similar to the following. The following example was taken at a Station (unit ID 2) communicating with a Master (unit ID 1).

station> radio per continuous

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1 UP 1 0 0 broadcast 236 0 0

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1 UP 1 0 0 broadcast 237 0 0

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1 UP 1 0 0 broadcast 239 0 0

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1 UP 1 0 0 broadcast 240 0 0

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1 UP 1 0 0 broadcast 241 0 0

station>

T a ble 1 Radio Packet Error Rate Assessment

Radio PER Ratio Transmission Quality

less than 1% excellent less than 2% good less than 5% marginal

greater than 5% poor

TIP: Use Radio PER during deployment testing to monitor the transmission quality. Refer to Chapter 5,

Deploying the NCL1135, on page 37 for sample output of

Radio PER during testing.

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6 Operational Statistics

6.2 Displaying the Operational Statistics

6.2.1 Interface Statistics

The interface statistics command displays the configuration information and statistics for the three interfaces associated with the NCL1135: radio, Ethernet and loopback.

The loopback interface is an interface on a logical network that returns all output packets as input packets. The address for this logical network is 127.0.0.0 and the address for the loopback interface is usually 127.0.0.1. This means that any packets sent to the IP address

127.0.0.1 will be turned around and queued as input packets to the same interface. The values of the input and output statistics for the loopback interface should both be the same.

To see the interface information for a NCL1135, type <interface statistics> at the NCL1135> prompt.

Table 2 provides definitions for the statistics labels.

For a Master NCL1135, information similar to the following example is displayed.

NCL1135> interface statistics Statistics For Loopback

------------------Flags UP LOOPBACK NOTRAILERS RUNNING MULTICAST MTU 32768 Hardware Address Administrative Status UP(1) Operational Status UP(1) Input Octets 3808 Input Unicast Packets 64 Input Non-Unicast Packets 0 Input Discards 0 Input Errors 0 Input Unknown Protocols 0 Output Octets 3808 Output Unicast Packets 64 Output Non-Unicast Packets 0 Output Discards 0 Output Errors 0 more... Statistics For Ethernet

------------------Flags UP BROADCAST NOTRAILERS RUNNING MULTICAST MTU 1500 Hardware Address 00:90:27:b1:aa:ad Administrative Status UP(1) Operational Status UP(1) Input Octets 31614896 Input Unicast Packets 20923 Input Non-Unicast Packets 0 Input Discards 9022 Input Errors 0 Input Unknown Protocols 0 Output Octets 3371158 Output Unicast Packets 2255 Output Non-Unicast Packets 0 Output Discards 2215 Output Errors 0

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more... Statistics For Master Radio

--------------------------Flags UP POINT-TO-POINT NOTRAILERS RUNNING NOARP MULTIC AST MTU 1552 Hardware Address 00:90:27:b1:aa:ad Administrative Status UP(1) Operational Status UP(1)

Input Statistics

--------------------------Remote NonStation Input Unicast Unicast Unknown ID Octets Packets Packets Discards Errors Protocols

------- ------ ------- ------- -------- ------ --------101 967998 0 645 0 0 0 102 1218723 0 808 0 0 0 103 1251987 0 830 0 0 0 more...

Output Statistics

--------------------------Remote NonStation Output Unicast Unicast ID Octets Packets Packets Discards Errors

------- ------ ------- ------- -------- -----101 10419675 6943 1 45 0 102 10446473 6958 0 33 0 103 10402915 6929 0 43 0

For a Station NCL1135, information similar to the following example is displayed.

NCL1135> interface statistics Statistics For Loopback

------------------Flags UP LOOPBACK NOTRAILERS RUNNING MULTICAST MTU 32768 Hardware Address Administrative Status UP(1) Operational Status UP(1) Input Octets 2975 Input Unicast Packets 50 Input Non-Unicast Packets 0 Input Discards 0 Input Errors 0 Input Unknown Protocols 0 Output Octets 2975 Output Unicast Packets 50 Output Non-Unicast Packets 0 Output Discards 0 Output Errors 0 more... Statistics For Ethernet

------------------Flags UP BROADCAST NOTRAILERS RUNNING MULTICAST MTU 1500 Hardware Address 00:90:27:b1:ad:01 Administrative Status UP(1) Operational Status UP(1) Input Octets 7479220 Input Unicast Packets 4941

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6 Operational Statistics

Input Non-Unicast Packets 0 Input Discards 0 Input Errors 0 Input Unknown Protocols 0 Output Octets 25364516 Output Unicast Packets 16759 Output Non-Unicast Packets 0 Output Discards 76 Output Errors 0 more... Statistics For Radio

------------------Flags UP POINT-TO-POINT NOTRAILERS RUNNING NOARP MULTIC AST MTU 1552 Hardware Address 00:90:27:b1:ad:01 Administrative Status UP(1) Operational Status UP(1) Input Octets 25331759 Input Unicast Packets 16769 Input Non-Unicast Packets 5 Input Discards 0 Input Errors 0 Input Unknown Protocols 0 Output Octets 7441747 Output Unicast Packets 4970 Output Non-Unicast Packets 0 Output Discards 0 Output Errors 0

T able 2 Interface Statistics

Label Description

Flags Specifies the operational state and properties of the interface.

Possible flags are:

• BROADCAST: interface is for a broadcast network

• MULTICAST: interface supports multicasting

• POINT-TO-POINT: interface is for a point-to-point network

• LOOPBACK: interface is for a loopback network

• RUNNING: resources are allocated for this interface

• SIMPLEX: interface cannot receive its own transmissions

• ALLMULTI: interface is receiving all multicast packets

• DEBUG: debugging is enabled for the interface

• NOARP: do not use ARP on this interface

• NOTRAILERS: avoid using trailer encapsulation

• PROMISCUOUS: interface receives all network packets

• TX: a transmission is in progress

• UP: interface is operating

MTU Maximum transmission unit or the size of the largest packet the

interface can handle.

Hardware Address MAC address or Ethernet address of the interface.

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Label Description

Administrative Status Desired state of the interface. The NCL1135 supports UP and

DOWN states. Operational Status Current operational state of the interface. Input Octets Number of bytes that arrived on this interface since the last

interface reset or reboot. Input Unicast Packets Number of unicast packets that arrived on this interface since the

last interface reset or reboot. Input Non-Unicast

Packets

Number of non-unicast packets that arrived on this interface since

the last interface reset or reboot. Input Discards Number of packets that arrived on this interface and were

discarded since the last interface reset or reboot. Input Errors Number of packets that arrived on this interface with errors since

the last interface reset or reboot. Output Octets Number of bytes that were sent from this interface since the last

interface reset or reboot. Output Unicast

Packets Output Non-Unicast

Packets

Number of unicast packets that were sent from this interface since

the last interface reset or reboot.

Number of non-unicast packets that were sent from this interface

since the la st interface reset or reboot. Output Discards Number of outbound packets that were dropped because of

implementation limits since the last interface reset or

reboot. Output Errors Number of outbound packets dropped because of errors since the

last interface reset or reboot.

6.2.2 IP Statistics

To see the IP protocol layer statistics for a NCL1135, at the NCL1135> prompt, type <ip statistics>.

Table 3 provides definitions for the statistics labels.

Information similar to the following example is displayed. The statistics for this command are from the time of the last reboot of the NCL1135.

NCL1135> ip statistics

IP STATISTICS

------------Total packets received 50 Bad checksum discards 0 Packet too short discards 0 Not enough data discards 0 Bad header length discards 0 Bad data length discards 0 Fragments received 0 Fragments dropped 0

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Fragments timed out 0 Packets forwarded 0 Couldn’t forward discards 0 Redirected forwards 0 Unknown protocol discards 25 No space discards 0 Packets reassembled 0 Fragments sent 0 No route discards 0

T able 3 IP Statistics

Total packets received Number of packets sent to the IP layer. Bad checksum discards Number of packets discarded due to a bad checksum. Packet too short discards Number of packets dropped due to an invalid data

Not enough data discards Number of packets dropped because they did not

Label Descriptions

length.

contain enough data to be an IP packet.

Bad header length discards Number of packets discarded because of inconsistent

IP header and IP data lengths. Fragment received Number of packet fragments received. Fragments dropped Number of fragments dropped due to lack of space or

duplicates. Fragments timed out Number of fragments that were timed-out. Packets forwarded Number of packets forwarded at the IP layer. Couldn’t forward discards Number of packets received for unreachable

destinations. Redirected forwards Number of redirect mess ages that were sent. Unknown protocol discards Number of packets of unknown or unsupported protocol

received and discarded. No space discards Number of packets dropped because of resource

shortages. Packets reassembled Number of packets that needed to be reassembled. Fragments sent Number of fragments successfully sent. No route discards Number of packets discarded because there was no

route to the destination given.

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6 Operational St atistics

6.2.3 Radio Statistics

To see the radio statistics for a NCL1135, at the NCL1135> prompt, type <radio statistics>.

Table 4 provides definitions for the statistics labels.

Information similar to the following example is displayed. The statistics for this command are from the time of the last reboot of the NCL1135.

NCL1135> radio statistics

RADIO STATISTICS:

------------------------------------------------------------------------Transmitted : 1 Tx Blocks delayed : 0 Rx Packets : 0 Rx Data CRC Error : 0 ALF Header Chksum Error : 0 Rx MAC Header CRC Error : 0 RX MAC Header CRC Fixed : 0 Rx Invalid Data Length : 0 NIC Failures : 0 Broadcast Discards : 0 Transmit Timeouts : 0

Table 4 Radio Statistics

Label Description

Transmitted Number of packets sent. Tx Blocks delayed Number of transmitted blocks delayed. Rx Packets Number of packets received. Rx Data CRC Error Number of received data CRC errors that occurred. ALF Header Chksum Error Number of packets received with an invalid Air Link

Frame (ALF) header.

Rx MAC Header CRC Error Number of times packets were discarded because

headers were invalid. Rx MAC Header CRC Fixed Number of times the MAC header CRC was fixed. RX Invalid Data Length Number of packets received with an invalid length (that

is, greater than the maximum size). NIC Failure Number of network interface card failures. Broadcast Discards Number of broadcast packets that the NCL1135

received and discarded. Transmit Timeouts Number of transmit timeouts due to the radio channel

being too busy or due to interference.

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7 Troubleshooting

This section provides possible solutions for common problems associated with NCL1135 operation.

To verify that the connection has been re-established, test the connection using a ping test described in Performing a Ping Test, on page 35.

To verify the routing, follow the procedures in Verifying NCL1135 Routing, on page 55.

Table 5 Common Problems and Solutions

Symptom Possible Cause Solution

Power LED on back panel of NCL1135 is off

Cannot communicate with NCL1135 from the Ethernet side and the Ethernet light is off

Cannot communicate with NCL1135 from the Ethernet side and the Ethernet light is on

NCL1135 is not receiving power. • Ensure that the device is plugged into a 110 -

220 V AC outlet and that there is power at the outlet.

• Check all cables for loose or faulty connections. Replace cables if necessary.

NCL1135 is not receiving power. • Ensure that the device is plugged into a 110 -

Ethernet cable is faulty or the wrong type (crossover vs. straight-through).

NCL1135 configuration is incorrect. Connect a computer to the RS-232 port and log

220 V AC outlet and that there is power at the outlet.

• Check all cables for loose or faulty connections. Replace cables if necessary.

• Replace Ethernet cable, if necessary.

into the NCL1135.

• Verify Ethernet IP address.

• Verify bridging or routing.

• Verify Routing Table, if applicable. See

Verifying NCL1135 Routing, on page 55.

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7 Troubleshooting

Symptom Possible Cause Solution

Master cannot communicate with any Stations

Master cannot communicate with an individual Station

Master NCL1135 is disabled. Connect a computer to the RS-232 port and log

Master NCL1135 configuration is incorrect. Connect a computer to the RS-232 port and log

Master NCL1135 antenna system has a problem.

Station is not receiving power. • Ensure that the device is plugged into a 110 -

Station NCL1135 antenna system has a problem.

Antenna line-of-sight (LOS) to master has been obstructed.

Station configuration is incorrect. Connect a computer to the RS-232 port and log

Station is disabled. Connect a computer to the RS-232 port and log

Station has not been added to the Master NCL1135 Remote Station List.

into the NCL1135.

• Ensure that the radio transmission is enabled.

into the NCL1135.

• Verify radio channel.

• Verify Master unit ID.

• Verify Station IDs have been added to

Remote Station List.

• Verify that the Master has all Stations enabled.

• Verify routing or bridging.

• Verify Routing Table, if applicable. See

Verifying NCL1135 Routing, on page 55.

• Verify RF connections.

• Check RF cable for damage.

• Check antenna for damage.

220 VAC outlet and that there is power at the outlet.

• Check all cables for loose or faulty connections. Replace cables if necessary.

• Verify RF connections.

• Check RF cable for damage.

• Check antenna for damage.

• Check for any deviation from set direction.

• Ensure that a clear LOS still exists to the

Master NCL1135 antenna.

into the NCL1135.

• Verify radio channel.

• Verify Station unit ID.

• Verify Master unit ID.

• Verify routing or bridging.

• Verify Routing Table, if applicable. See

Verifying NCL1135 Routing, on page 55.

into the Master NCL1135 for the group.

• Verify that the Station has been enabled from the Master.

Connect a computer to the RS-232 port and log into the Master NCL1135 for the group.

• Verify the Station has been added to the Remote Station List.

• Verify the Routing Table, if applicable. See

Verifying NCL1135 Routing, on page 55.

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7.1 Verifying NCL1135 Routing

To verify the routing is correct, you will need to verify both the Master and Station Routing Tables. If the Routing Tables are incorrect, configure the devices with the corrected values.

7.1.1 Verify the NCL1135 Routing Table

Use the Configuration Data Record for the NCL1135 to verify the information is configured correctly in the device.

1. Connect to the NCL1135 using a crossover serial cable.

2. Log in to the NCL1135. You will be prompted for the NCL1135 password when you log in.

3. Type <mode> to verify bridging or routing is set correctly for the NCL1135 group.

4. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <ip>. The configuration info r mati on is disp lay ed .

5. Verify the NCL1135 Ethernet IP address and subnet mask are configured correctly.

7 Troubleshooting

6. Verify the radio IP address is correct, if applicable.

7. Verify the Routing Table is correct according to your routing plan.

8. If the forwarding mode is routing, at a Station NCL1135, ensure that the default static route is set. At a Master NCL1135, ensure the Ethernet subnet for each Station is set.

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Appendix A NCL1135 Command-Line

Syntax

The NCL1135 can be configured using the commands listed in Table 8.

Table 6 shows the typographical conventions used to represent command-line syntax. Press

ENTER after typing a command to execute the command.

Table 7 provides a list of shortcuts and methods to get help on commands.

Table 6 NCL1135 Command-Line Syntax Conventions

Convention Use Examples

<monospaced

font>

ENTER Indicates a keyboard ke y press. A p lus sign (+)

italic Specifies a variable name or other information

bold characters Indicates the shortcut characters for a

[ ] Indicates optional items. Do not type the

| Separates two mutually exclusive choices in a

( ) Encloses a range of values from whic h you can

Indicates that y ou m us t ty pe the text inside the angle brackets, not the ang le brac k et s .

indicates k ey combinations. For example, for CTRL+U, press and hold down the CTRL key, then press the U key.

that you mus t replace with a real name or value.

command.

brackets as part of the command.

command. Type one choice and do not type the vertical bar.

choose a value.

ENTER ESC CTRL+U

ip address ethernet

ipaddress

<radio channel> can also be typed as <ra ch>

ip address [ethernet|radio]

interface|if

radio channel (1-15)

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Table 7 Command-Line Shortcuts and Getting Help

Type To do this...

? To display the names of the root commands. [command_name] ? To display the syntax for a command. help To display all the commands, their subcommands an d the

parameters and options for each command.

help [command_name] To display the parameters and options for the command. !! To repeat the last command that was executed.

ESC To cancel the command you are typing.

Subnet Mask s

Where a command requires you to enter a subnet mask, you can do one of the following:

• Enter it as a range, which is the number of bits (0-32 are valid) in the subnet mask.

• Do not enter it, and let the NCL1135 decide what value to use. Note that the NCL1135

does not necessarily pick the correct subnet mask.

T a ble 8 NCL1135 Command-line Syntax Descriptions

Command Syntax Description

arp Displays the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)

configuration informa tio n.

arp flush Removes the temporary ARP table entries from the

ARP table.

arp add aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff

arp del aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd Deletes a specified entry from the ARP table.

bridge statistics Displays the bridge statistics (frames in, frames out,

bridge table Displays the bridge table entries. Only available in

bridge table flush Removes the le arned ent ries fr om the bridge t able. Only

Adds an entry to the ARP table. aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address of the entry that you want to add. aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff is the MAC ad dress a ssoc iated with the IP address.

aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address of the entry that you want to delete.

etc.). Only available in bridging mode.

bridging mode.

available in bridging mode.

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Command Syntax Description

bridge table timeout Sets the time-out value for entries in the bridge table. If

the NCL1135 receives no packet from the specified entry’s address during the time-out period you set (for example, 15 s), then it clears the a ddress from the t able. Valid times are 10 to 1 000 000 s; the default is 300 s. Only available in bridging mode.

dhcp mode [none|relay] Sets the NCL1135 to use Dynamic Host Configuration

Protocol (DHCP).

• none - disables DHCP Relay.

• relay - enables DHCP Relay.

Available only if the mode is set to routing.

dhcp relay [add|delete

ip_address]

interface|if statistics Displays configuration information and statistics for all

interface|if statistics ethernet|radio|loopback

interface|if reset Resets the statistics for all interfaces.

interface|if reset ethernet|radio|loopback

ip Displays the IP configuration information. ip address Displays the IP addresses for the Ethernet and radio

ip address ethernet

aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd [subnet mask]

Adds or removes the IP address of a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server. Available only if the mode is set to routing and DHCP mode is set to Relay.

interfaces. Displays configuration information and stati s tics for

each interface: Ethernet, radio, or loopback.

Resets the statistics for the specified interface.

interface. In bridging mode, the IP address is for management purposes only. An IP address is not required to perform bridge functions. When in Bridging mode, if you assign an IP address to the NCL1135, you only need to assign it to th e Etherne t in terface , beca use the radio and Ethernet are considered as one interface. In routing mode, you must configure both addresses.

Changes the IP address for the Ethernet interface for routing or bridging. aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address for the Ethernet inte rface and [subnet mask] is specified in either dotted dec imal form at or numb er of bits.

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Command Syntax Description

ip address radio remote_unit_id aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd eee.fff.ggg.hhh

ip dns Displays the DNS configuration information. ip dns server Displays the list of domain name servers.

ip dns server add|del

aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd

ip dns domain Displays the DNS domain name.

Changes the radio interface IP route a nd binds the radio channel between the remote NCL1135 and the local NCL1 135 using the IP addresses. This co mmand is only available in routing mode.

For an NCL1135 configured as a Station, remote_unit_id is the unit ID of the remote master; aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the radio I P addres s for the lo cal station NCL1135; and eee.fff.ggg.hhh is the radio IP address for the remote master NCL1135.

For an NCL1135 configured as a Master , remote_unit_id is the unit ID of the remote station NCL1135; aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the radio I P addres s for the lo cal master NCL1135; and eee.fff.ggg.hhh is the radio IP address for the remote station NCL1135. Repeat this command for each station in the Rem ote Station List.

Adds a server to or de letes a s erver from the DN S table . aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address for the DNS server that you want to add or delete.

ip dns domain DNS_domain_name Changes the DNS domain name. DNS_domain_name

can be a maximum of 256 ASCII characters.

ip ping destination Sends ICMP echo requests to a remote host that is

used to see if you can reach a remote IP address or for network debugging. destination is the radio IP address for the remote host that you want to reach.

ip rip Displays the RIP configuration information. Available

only if routing mode is set to RIP.

ip rip quiet|active Disables or enables RIP to advertise routes. Available

only if routing mode is set to RIP. active - transmits route information, in packets, to the interfaces. quiet - disables RIP packets from being sent.

ip rip nodefault|default Disables or enables RIP to advertise the default route.

Available only if routing mode is set to RIP. default - if a default route exists, it is sent in the advertisement. nodefault - the default route is not sent, whether or not it exists.

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Command Syntax Description

ip rip broadcast|compatible|multicast

ip rip noupdate|update Disables or enables RIP to advertise static routes.

ip rip version 1|2 Changes the RIP version to either 1 or 2. A v ai lab le only

ip route Displays the routing table information. Local interface

ip route add|del

Network(aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd) Gateway(eee.fff.ggg.hhh) Mask(0-32)

When RIP is set t o versio n 2, spe cifies how RIP ha ndles packets. A vai lable on ly if routi ng mode is set to RIP and the RIP version is set to 2.

• broadcast sends RIP version 2 advertisements as broadcast.

• compatible sends more compatible version 2 broadcasts to version 1 routers.

• multicast sends version 2 advertisements to RIP version 2 multicast addresses. Multicast is generally more efficient than broadcast.

update - sends static route information in a RIP advertisement, as well as all other RIP information. noupdate - sends ever ything exce pt the static route information. Available only if routing mode is set to RIP.

if routing mode is set to RIP. ip rip version displays the current version. Note that version 1 is broadcast only; version 2 is multicast, broadcast, or compatible (both).

routes are always present as lon g as an addr ess for the interface exists.

Adds or deletes a static route. Network(aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd) is the IP address of the destin ation netwo rk; Gateway(eee.fff.ggg.hhh) is the IP address for the gateway; and Mask(0-32) is specified in either dotted decimal format or number of bits.

ip route flush Removes all dynamic entries from the routing table.

Dynamic entries are those routes that the system has learned.

ip route erase Removes all static and dynamic entries, except

interface routes, from the routing table.

ip routing Displays the IP routing protocol. ip routing static|rip Changes the IP routing protocol to either Static or RIP. ip statistics Displays the IP statistics information. ip telnet host(aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd) Establishes a Telnet session with a remote host to

access and control a remote computer. host(aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd) is the IP address of the remote host.

ip traceroute

destination(aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd)

APCD–NC003–2.0A 61

Displays the route that the packets take to a remote destination. destination(aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd) is the IP address of the remo te dest inatio n. Th e maxi mum is 30 hops. An asteri sk (*) represent s each unsu ccessful try . For exam ple , 1 * * *. Press any key to stop the ip traceroute output.

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Command Syntax Description

mode Displays the forwarding mode: Bridging or IP Routing. mode bridging|routing Changes the forwarding mode.

bridging: connects two networks on the same su bne t (they have the same subnet address). routing: connects two networks on different subnets.

radio Displays the radio configuration information. radio channel Displays the radio channel. radio channel (1–14) Change s the radio channel. radio disable|enable Disables or enables the NCL1135 radio transmission

capabilities. The NCL1135 is factory-configured as disabled to prevent accidental damage should it be powered up without an antenna or load connected.

radio per [single|continuous|reset]

radio rxtest start|stop Starts and stops the Radio Continuous Receive Test.

radio txtest start|stop Starts and stops the Radio Continuous Transmit Test.

radio txrx start|stop Starts and stops the Radio Transmit/Receive Loopback

radio reset Forces the NCL1135 to reset. If you reset the NCL1135

Displays or resets the cum ulative radi o packet e rror rate statistics to the screen. This command is available during tests and normal operation.

• single displays the current statistics.

• continuous displays the statistics every one

second.

• reset resets the calculations.

When you start this test, the Radio PER display is also automatically started. Available only at the Station NCL1135. Use this test to deploy a new Station NCL1135 in an existing network.

Available only at the Master NCL1135. Use this test to set up a Master and Station for a new network.

Test. When you start this test, the Radio PER display is also automatically started. Available only at the Master NCL1135. Use this test for a new installation only.

radio instead of s hutting d own, the st atisti cs are no t lost. If you use this co mmand, th e link se rvice is dis rupted f or the duration of the test.

radio unitid Displays the NCL1135 unit ID. radio unitid (1–16383) Changes the NCL1135 unit ID. An NCL1135 unit ID is a

unique number between 1 and 16383.

radio masterID Displays the Master Unit ID to which the NCL1135

belongs. Available only if the NCL1135 radio type is Station.

radio masterID (1–16383) Changes the Master Unit ID to which the NCL1135

belongs. Available only if the NCL1135 radio type is Station.

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Command Syntax Description

radio statistics|stats Displays the current radio statistics. radio type Displays the NCL1135 radio type. radio type master|station Changes the radio type. Use this to configure an

NCL1135 as a master unit. All NCL1135 units are factory-configured as ‘station’.

radio station Displays the list of unit IDs to which the master unit can

talk. Available only if the NCL1135 radio type is Master.

radio station add (1–16383) Adds a remote Unit ID to the list of stations to which a

Master Unit can tal k. Availa ble only if the NCL1135 radio type is Master.

radio station del (1–16383) Removes a remote Unit ID from the list of stations to

which a Master Unit can talk. Available only if the NCL1135 radio type is Master.

radio station disable|enable

unitID

snmp Displays the SNMP configuration information. SNMP is

snmp community Displays the SNMP community table. The default SNMP

snmp community add|del community read|write

snmp contact Displays the SNMP system contact (that is, the person

snmp contact contact Changes the SNMP system contact and telephone

Disables or enables the transmission capabilities of the remote station. unitID is the unit ID of the remote sta tion that you want to disable. Available only if the NCL1135 radio type is Master.

useful for monitoring network performance and debugging.

communities are: public read and private write. Adds a community name to or deletes one from the

SNMP community table. A community name can be a maximum of 32 ASCII characters.

• read: enables the community to view the

variables in SNMP.

• write: enables the community to change and

view the variables. To change SNMP variables, you must have a write community. To view SNMP variables, you must have a

write or read community.

or company).

number. contact can be a maximum of 256 ASCII characters that you can us e to define the cont act person or address for the NCL1135.

snmp location Display s the SNMP geogra phica l locati on of the s ystem. snmp location location Changes the SNMP geographical location of the

system. location can be a maximum of 256 ASCII characters that you can use to define the physical location of the NCL1135.

snmp trap Displays the list of SNMP trap servers defined for the

NCL11 35.

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Command Syntax Description

snmp trap add|del

server(aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd) community

system Displays the system configuration information. system memory Displays the memory sta tistics, such as memory

system name Displays the system name. system name name Changes the system name. name can be a maximum

system network Displays the network syste m s t ati stics from the netwo rk

system network ethernet|radio|data|system

system password Changes the password for the NCL1135. system protocol Displays information about the configuration of

Adds a trap to or deletes one from the SNMP trap server table. server(aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd) is the IP address for the trap server. community is the name of the community on the trap server and can be a maximum or 16 ASCII characters.

allocation information.

of 64 ASCII characters that you can use to name the NCL1135 in your system. The system name is used for the command-line prompt for the NCL1135.

buffer memory pools. Displays network buffer pool-allocation information for

each parameter:

protocols bound to the interface.

system protocol interface Displays the protocol configuration for the specific

interface that you name. interface is either Ethernet or Radio.

system uptime Displays how long the system has been running. If the

uptime is more than 24 hours, the time appears as n days, hh:mm:ss where n is the number of days and hh:mm:ss is the hours:minutes:seconds.

system version Displays the build date and time, and lists all software

libraries and their version numbers.

test radio Performs self tests and displays the results for all the

radio device. If you use this command, the link service is disrupted for the duration of the test.

reboot|restart|reload|reset Resets the NCL1135. write|save Saves the current configuration. If you want to save the

new configuration, you must write (save) any configuration changes before you reboot the NCL1135; otherwise, the NCL1135 reverts to the previously sav ed configuration.

write default|erase Removes all configuration changes, even if you saved

them, and resets the NCL1135 to the factory default configuration.

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Command Syntax Description

help [command] Displays a list of all commands. If you type a command

name after help, the syntax for that command is displayed. For example, type help ip to display all IP commands and the syntax for each.

exit|quit|bye Closes the console session.

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Appendix B Abbreviations and

Terminology

Table 9 Acronyms and Abbreviations

Acronym or

Abbreviation

AC Alternating Current ALF Air Link Frame ARP Address Resolution Protocol ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange dB decibel dBi decibel, with respect to an isotropic antenna CLI Command Line Interface CPU Central Processing Unit CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check CSA Canadian Standards Association CTS Clear To Send DCE Data Communication Equipment DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DNS Domain Name Server, Domain Network Server DPRAM Du al Port Rand om- A cces s Mem or y

Definition

DRAM Dynamic Random-Access Memory DSR Data Set Ready DSSS Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum DTE Data Terminal Equipment ESN Electronic Serial Number ETSI European Telecommunications Standards for Industry

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Acronym or

Abbreviation

Definition

FCC Federal Communications Commission (U.S.A.) FTP File Transfer Protocol GHz Gigahertz IC Industry Canada ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol ID Identifier, Identification IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IF Intermediate Frequency IP Internet Protocol ISM Industrial, Scientific, And Medical (unlicensed radio band) LAN Local Area Network LED Light-Emitting Diode MAC Media Access Control, Medium Access Controller MHz Megahertz MIB Management Information Base MTU Maximum Transmission Unit NCL Network Communication Link, as in NCL1135, a WaveRider product NIC Network Interface Card OSPF Open Shortest Path First PC Personal Computer PER Packet Error Rate RF Radio Frequency RFC Request For Comments RIP Routing Information Protocol RMA Returned Merchandise Authorization RSSI Receive Signal Strength Indicator RTS Request To Send Rx Receive SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol SRAM Static Random Access Memory TCP Transmission Control Protocol TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol Tx Transmit URL Uniform Resource Locator

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Acronym or

Abbreviation

VVolt

Definition

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Table 10 NCL1135 Network Terminology

Term Definition

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)

The layer below the IP layer; maps the IP and MAC addresses together.

Bridge A device that connects and passes packets between two

network segments. Bridgers operate at the MAC layer. A bridge filters or forwards an incoming frame based on the MAC address of the frame.

A learning bridge listens to traffic on its interfaces and maintains a table of addresses. See also Router.

Channel Generally, the medium through which information is

communicated. In wireless communications, the channel is usually defined by the center frequen cy, modulation type, and occupied bandwidth.

Command Line Interface (CLI)

In contrast to a graphical user interface, a CLI is a configuration and control interface based on keyboard-entry commands and responses.

Console Port Typically , the 9-pin RS 232 serial port on an NCL1135 to which

a terminal or laptop computer is connected to configure or control the device.

Domain Name Server (DNS)

A database system that translates IP addresses into domain names. For example, 207.23.187.242 is converted into waverider.com.

Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS)

A form of spread-spectrum communications that uses a highspeed code sequence, along with the information being sent, to modulate the RF carrier.

MAC address This refers to the 6-byte low-level hardware address of

physical address of an Ethernet device.

Master The NCL1 135 defined as a master provides the access control

for all NCL1135 stations in the same radio network. The master configuration determines the channel that the NCL1 135 stations use. There must be only one master using the same channel in the radio network. You must configure a master within the coverage area of another master to use a different channel.

Master ID Improves security on the wireless network. NCL1135s must

have the same master ID in order to communicate with each other.

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Term Definition

Master vs. Station Decide which NCL1135 is the master. In the point-to-point

configurations, it does not matter which NCL1135 is master, just remember that the master provides the access control to the station. In the case of point-to-multipoint, the master must have a line of sight to each station, but each station may not have a radio communication path to other stations.

Open Shortest Path First A routing protocol for autonomous IP networks based on the

Shortest Path First (SPF) algorithm, where link-state advertisements (LSAs) are sent to all other routers within the same network to determine the shortest path to the desired node.

Radio Channel A 22 MHz wide RF channel with a center frequency specified

in Appendix C. In any given network, all NCL1135s must operate on the same radio channel to communicate.

Radio Type This parameter specifies the role of the NCL1135 in the radio

network. Each NCL1135 is classified as either a master or a station.

Router A device that connects and passes packets between two or

more network segments. A router filters or forwards an incoming packet based on the IP address of the packet. Routers use static routes which take precedence over routes chosen by all dynamic routing protocols. See also Bridge.

Routing Information Protocol

A routing protocol for IP networks based on the distancevector algorithm, where all or a portion of the routing table is sent to all other neighbouring devices along with each message.

Static Route A route that is explicitly configured and entered in the routing

table. Static routes take precedence over routes chosen by dynamic routing protocols.

Station An NCL1135 defined as a station synchronizes with an

NCL1135 master that has the same station and master ID setting.

System Name A name that allows a user to identify a particular NCL1135.

Once the Name is assigned, the system name appears as the prompt.

System Password A set of characters that prevents unauthorized access to

console commands. The same password applies when accessing the console from the RS-232 port, from the network using Telnet, or when connecting to the FTP server.

Unit ID In the case of a station, unit ID provides the wireless address

at the station. In the case of a Master, a list of unit IDs forms the access list of stations allowed to communicate with the Master. Any station not on the list will be disabled whenever the station attempts to access the Master.

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Appendix C Operating Channel

Frequencies

The following table defines the channel frequency set for each WaveRider regulatory domain..

FCC/IC

Channel

1 2412 MHz not available 2412 MHz not available not available 2 2417 MHz not available 2417 MHz not available not available 3 2422 MHz not available 2422 MHz not available not available 4 2427 MHz not available 2427 MHz not available not available 5 2432 MHz not available 2432 MHz not available not available 6 2437 MHz not available 2437 MHz not available not available 7 2442 MHz not available 2442 MHz not available not available 8 2447 MHz not available 2447 MHz not available not available 9 2452 MHz not available 2452 MHz not available not available 10 2457 MHz not available 2457 MHz 2457 MHz 2457 MHz 11 2462 MHz not available 2462 MHz 2462 MHz 2462 MHz 12 not available not available 2467 MHz 2467 MHz not available

Channel

Frequencies

(USA/

Canada)

MKK

Channel

Frequencies

(Japan)

ETSI

Channel

Frequencies

(Europe)

French

Channel

Frequencies

Spanish Channel

Frequencies

13 not available not available 2472 MHz 2472 MHz not available 14 not available 2484 MHz not available not available not available

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Appendix D NCL1135 Specifications

The followiing tables list the technical specifications for the NCL1135 (FCC/IC RF Regulatory Domains).

Table 11 Radio Specifications

Minimum Channel Centre Frequency 2.412 GHz Maximum Channel Centre Frequency 2.462 GHz Channel Bandwidth 22 MHz Center Frequency Spacing Increment 5 MHz Minimum Separation Between Orthogonal

Channels Maximum Orthogonal Channels 3

Orthogonal Channel Set 1, 6, 11 Orthogonal Channel Set Centre

Frequencies

Modulation Scheme CCK (Complementary Code Keying)

Receiver Sensitivity for BER < 10 Maximum Over-the-Air, Raw Data Rate 11 Mbps

Table 12 Ethernet Interface Specifications

Physical Interface RJ-45, 10BaseT autosensing

-5

25 MHz

2.412 GHz, 2.437 GHz, 2.462 GHz

DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum) < -72 dBm

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Table 13 Power Supply Specifications

AC Input 85 to 265 VAC, single phase AC Input Frequency 47 to 63 Hz Maximum Input Current 1.5 A

T able 14 Environmental Specifications

Operating Temperature 0° to 55° C Storage Temperature -20° to 70° C

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Appendix E Configuration Data

Record

Use the following form to record your NCL1135 information for each NCL1135 group.

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NCL1135 Network Group Configuration Data Record

Master Information

Unit ID Password

Station Information

Unit ID Password

Serial

Number

Serial

Number

System

Name

System

Name

Radio

Channel

IP Address

Ethernet

IP Address

Ethernet

Subnet Mask

Radio

(Routing

only)

Radio

(Routing

only)

Location

Software

Version

Bridge or

Routing

DHCP IP Address

Antenna (Yagi/

Hardware Address

parabolic/omni/

Cable SNMP Communities

panel)

Radio Ethernet Type Gain Type Loss R/W

Antenna (Yagi/

Hardware Address

parabolic/omni/

Cable SNMP Communities

panel)

Radio Ethernet Type Gain Type Loss R/W

Community

Name

Community

Name

SNMP T rap

Server

Address

SNMP T rap

Server

Address

Community

Name

Community

Name

APCD–NC003–2.0A 78

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Telephone: +1 416–502–3161 Fax: +1 416–502–2968 Email: techsupport@waverider.com

URL: www.waverider.com

Vecima Networks WRM1151 Updated Manual

NCL1135 User Manual

WaveRider Communications Inc.

Software License Agreement

1 GRANT OF LICENSE —This License Agreement permits you to use one copy of the L ICE N SED SO FTWARE.

Version 2.0, July 2000

Warranty

Limitation of Warr anty

No Liability for Consequential Damages

Regulatory Notices

Contents

Figures

Tables

Preface

1 NCL1135 Overview

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Features

1.3 About Spread-Spectrum Radio Technology

2 Network Considerations

2.1 Network Configuration

2.1.1 Point-to-Point

2.1.2 Repeater

2.1.3 Point-to-Multipoint

2.2 Bridging and Routing Ne twork Conf igurations

2.2.1 Point-to-Multipoint Bridging Network

2.2.2 Point-to-Multipoint Routing Network

2.3 Planning an NCL1135 Configuration

3 Configuring the NCL1135

3.1 Connecting and Initializing the NCL1135

2. Use an RS-232 crossover cable to connect a terminal to the DB9 port.

3. If you are using a terminal-emulation package, such as HyperTerminal, start the application.

5. Configure the application using the following settings:

7. At the PASSWORD: prompt, press ENTER. The NCL1135 comes factory-configured with no password.

3.1.1 Changing the NCL1135 Password

1. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <system password>.

2. At the Enter Current Password: prompt, type the old password.

3. At the Enter New Password: prompt, type the new password.

4. At the Verify password: prompt, type the new password again.

5. Type <write> or <save> to save the settings to memory.

3.1.2 Setting the NCL1135 System Name

1. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <system name your_system_name> to name the NCL1135 in your system.

2. Type <write> or <save> to save the settings to memory.

3.1.3 Res et t ing an NCL1135 to Fa ct ory Sett ings

2. Type <reboot> for the unit to recognize the factory-default settings.

3.2 Configuring the NCL1135

3.2.1 Setting the Radio Configuration

1. Determine the radio channel for the network. See Appendix C for a list of operating frequencies.

4. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <radio unitid unit_id> to set the NCL1135 unit ID.

9. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <write> to save the settings to memory.

3.2.2 Setting the IP Configuration

2. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <mode bridging> or <mode routing> to set the forwarding mode.

9. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <write> to save the settings to memory.

10. When done configuring the NCL1135, disconnect the terminal from the NCL1135.

3.2.3 Configuration Options

in Routing Mode

for System Monitoring

Setting RIP Configuration

1. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <ip routing rip> to enable RIP as the routing mode.

3. Type <ip rip version> to display the current version of RIP.

5. If you set RIP to version 2, you can additionally specify how RIP handles packets.

Setting OSPF Configuration

Setting the DHCP Relay Configuration

1. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <dhcp mode relay> to enable DHCP Relay in the device.

3. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <write> to save the settings to memory.

Setting the SNMP Configuration

1. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <snmp> to display the current SNMP settings for the NCL1135.

8. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <write> to save the settings to memory.

Setting the DNS Resolver Configuration

1. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <ip dns> to display the current DNS setup used by the NCL1135.

5. At the NCL1135> prompt, type <write> to save the settings to memory.

3.3 Examples of Bridging and Routing Configurations

3.3.1 Point-to-Multipoint Bridging Network

3.3.2 Point-to-Multipoint Routing Network

3.4 Updating an NCL1135 Using Remote Connections

3.4.1 Establishing an FTP Connection

2. Log into the NCL1135.

3. At the User Name prompt, press ENTER. For FTP sessions, the User Name for the NCL1135 is blank.

5. On the FTP client, change the Transfer Mode to binary (for example, type <binary>).

7. After the confirmation message is received, quit the FTP session (for example, type <quit>).

3.4.2 Establishing a Telnet Session