VAMP 257 Operation And Configuration Instructions

VAMP 257

Feeder and motor manager

Operation and configuration

instructions

Technical description

VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Operation and configuration

VAMP Ltd

2

VAMP 24h support phone [phone] VM257.EN002

VAMP Ltd Feeder and motor manager

Operation and configuration

VAMP 257

VM257.EN002 VAMP 24h support phone [phone]

3

VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Operation and configuration

Table of Contents

1. General...................................................................................6

1.1. Manager features..............................................................6

1.2. Operating Safety................................................................7

2. User interface .........................................................................8

2.1. General................................................................................8

2.2. Manager front panel.........................................................8

2.2.1. Display .........................................................................9

2.2.2. Menu navigation and pointers............................. 10

2.2.3. Keypad..................................................................... 10

2.2.4. Indicators ................................................................. 11

3. Local panel operations .......................................................12

3.1. Navigating in menus....................................................... 12

3.1.1. Function menu table.............................................. 14

3.1.2. Basic menu structure of protection functions.... 15

3.2. Setting groups.................................................................. 16

3.3. Fault logs........................................................................... 17

3.4. Operating levels.............................................................. 18

3.4.1. Opening operating levels ..................................... 19

3.4.2. Password handling ................................................. 19

4. Operating measures............................................................20

4.1. Control functions............................................................. 20

4.2. Measured data ............................................................... 21

4.3. Operation indicators ...................................................... 25

4.4. Reading event register................................................... 26

4.5. Forced control (Force)................................................... 27

4.6. Setting range limits.......................................................... 28

4.7. Adjusting display contrast.............................................. 28

5. Configuration and parameter setting................................29

5.1. Principle of parameter setting ...................................... 30

5.2. Disturbance recorder menu DR.................................... 31

5.3. Configuring digital inputs DI.......................................... 32

5.4. Configuring digital outputs DO..................................... 32

5.5. Configuration of Prot menu........................................... 32

5.6. Setting protection function parameters...................... 33

5.7. Configuration menu CONF............................................ 34

5.8. Protocol menu Bus.......................................................... 35

5.9. Single line diagram editing............................................ 37

5.10. Blocking and interlockings configuration.................... 38

6. PC software...........................................................................39

6.1. PC user interface............................................................. 39

6.1.1. Using VAMPSET program ....................................... 39

6.2. Remote control connection.......................................... 39

7. Commissioning configuration.............................................40

7.1. Factory settings................................................................ 40

7.1.1. Configuration during commissioning .................. 40

VAMP Ltd

4

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VAMP Ltd Feeder and motor manager

Operation and configuration

7.1.2. Configuration example ......................................... 41

VAMP 257

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Operation and configuration

1. General

This first part of the publication contains general descriptions
of the functions, of the feeder and motor managers VAMP 257,
as well as manager operation instructions. It also includes
instructions for parameterization and configuration of the
managers and instructions for changing settings.

The second part of the publication includes detailed protection
function descriptions as well as application examples and
technical data sheets.

The Mounting and Commissioning Instructions are published
in a separate publication with the code VMMC.EN0xx.

Manager software revision history:

5.46 Programmable inverse delay curves added.

VAMP Ltd

1.1. Manager features

The comprehensive protection functions of the manager make it
ideal for utility, industrial, marine and off-shore power
distribution applications. The manager features the following
protection functions:

• Overcurrent protection I>, I>>, I>>>

• Directional overcurrnet protection I

• Broken conductor protection I

• Unbalance protection I

• Phase reversal / incorrect phase sequence protection I

• Stall protection I

• Undercurrent protection I<

• Earth fault protection I

• Directional earth fault protection I

• Overvoltage protection U>,U>>,U>>>

• Undervoltage protection U<,U<<,U<<<

st

> *

> *

2

>, I0 >>, I02>, I02>>

0

2/I1

>, Iϕ>>, Iϕ>>>, Iϕ>>>>

ϕ

>

>, I

0

>>

ϕ

0

ϕ

>> *

2

6

• Reverse power and under power protection P<, P<<

• Residual voltage protection U

• Thermal overload protection T>

• Overfrequency and underfrequency protection f>< (fX),

>, U0 >>

0

f>><< (fXX)

• Underfrequency protection f<, f<<

• Rate of change of frequency (ROCOF) protection df/dt

• Frequent start protection N> *

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• Circuit-breaker failure protection CBFP

Operation and configuration

VAMP 257

• Arc fault protection ArcI>, Arc I

• Automatic re-close Recl

• Inrush detector I

• Synchrocheck function ∆f, ∆u, ∆ϕ

>

f2

*) Only available when application option is in motor protection

Further the manager includes a disturbance recorder. Arc
supervision is optionally available.

The manager communicates with other systems using common
protocols, such as the ModBus RTU, ModBus TCP, Profibus
DP, IEC 60870-5-103, SPA bus and DNP 3.0.

1.2. Operating Safety

The terminals on the rear panel of the manager
may carry dangerous voltages, even if the auxiliary
voltage is switched off. A live current transformer
secondary circuit must not be opened.
Disconnecting a live circuit may cause dangerous
voltages! Any operational measures must be carried
out according to national and local handling
directives and instructions.

>, Arc I02>

0

Carefully read through all operation instructions before any
operational measures are carried out.

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Operation and configuration

2. User interface

2.1. General

The manager can be controlled in three ways:

• Locally with the push-buttons on the manager front panel

• Locally using a PC connected to the serial port on the front

panel or on the rear panel of the manager (both cannot be
used simultaneously)

• Via remote control over the remote control port on the

manager rear panel.

2.2. Manager front panel

VAMP Ltd

The figure below shows, as an example, the front panel of the
feeder manager VAMP 257 and the location of the user
interface elements used for local control.

VAMP 257

Feeder Manager

Power

Error
Com

3

Alarm
Trip
A
B
C

1

4

2

VY062 B

VAMP257Front

Figure 2.2-1. Manager front panel (Example VAMP 257)

8

1. LCD dot matrix display

2. Keypad

3. LED indicators

4. RS 232 serial communication port for PC

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VAMP Ltd Feeder and motor manager

Operation and configuration

2.2.1. Display

The manager is provided with a backlit LCD dot matrix
display. The display has 128 x 64 dots, which enables showing
21 characters in one row and eight rows at the same time. The
display has two different purposes: one is to show the single
line diagram of the feeder with the object status, measurement
values, feeder identification etc. (Figure 2.2.1-1). The other
purpose is to show the configuration and parameterization
values of the manager (Figure 2.2.1-2).

VAMP 257

Figure 2.2.1-1 Sections of the LCD dot matrix display

1. Freely configurable single-line diagram

2. Six controllable objects

3. Eight object statuses

4. Bay identification

5. Local/Remote selection

6. Auto-reclose on/off selection (if applicable)

7. Freely selectable measurement values (max. six values)

Figure 2.2.1-2 Sections of the LCD dot matrix display

1. Main menu column

2. The heading of the active menu

3. The cursor of the main menu

4. Possible navigating directions (push buttons)

5. Measured/setting parameter

6. Measured/set value

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Operation and configuration

2.2.2. Menu navigation and pointers

1. Use the arrow keys UP and DOWN to move up and down in

the main menu (1), that is, on the left-hand side of the
display. The active main menu option is indicated with a
cursor (3). The options in the main menu items are
abbreviations, e.g. Evnt = events.

2. After any selection, the arrow symbols (4) in the upper left

corner of the display show the possible navigating directions
(applicable navigation keys) in the menu.

3. The name of the active submenu and a possible ANSI code

of the selected function are shown in the upper part of the
display (2), e.g. CURRENTS.

4. Further, each display holds the measured values and units

of one or more quantities or parameters (5), e.g. ILmax
300A.

VAMP Ltd

2.2.3. Keypad

You can navigate in the menu and set the required parameter
values using the keypad and the guidance given in the display.
Furthermore, the keypad is used to control objects and switches
on the single line diagram display. The keypad is composed of
four arrow keys, one cancel key, one enter key and one info key.

Figure 2.2.3-1 Keys on the keypad

10

1. Enter and confirmation key (ENTER)

2. Cancel key (CANCEL)

3. Up/Down [Increase/Decrease] arrow keys (UP/DOWN)

4. Keys for selecting submenus [selecting a digit in a

numerical value] (LEFT/RIGHT)

5. Additional information key (INFO)

NOTE! The term, which is used for the buttons in this manual, is

inside the brackets.

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Operation and configuration

2.2.4. Indicators

The manager is provided with eight LED indicators:

Power

Error
Com

Alarm
Trip
A
B
C

Figure 2.2.4-1. Operation indicators of the manager

VAMP 257

Power Auxiliary voltage switched on
Error

Internal fault, operates in parallel with the self supervision

output relay
Com Serial communication indicator
Alarm The start indicator of the protection stage
Trip The trip indicator of the protection stage
A - C Freely programmable application-related status indications

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Operation and configuration

3. Local panel operations

The local panel can be used to control objects, change the local/
remote status, read the measured values, set parameters, and
to configure manager functions. Some parameters, however,
can only be set by means of a PC connected to one of the local
communication ports. Some parameters are factory-set.

3.1. Navigating in menus

All the menu functions are based on the main menu/submenu
structure:

1. Use the arrow keys UP and DOWN to move up and down in

the main menu.

2. To move to a submenu, repeatedly push the RIGHT key

until the required submenu is shown. Correspondingly,
push the LEFT key to return to the main menu.

3. Push the ENTER key to confirm the selected submenu. If

there are more than six items in the selected submenu, a
black line appears to the right side of the display (Figure

3.1-1). It is then possible to scroll down in the submenu.

4. Push the CANCEL key to cancel a selection.

5. Pushing the UP or DOWN key in any position of a sub-

menu, when it is not selected, brings you directly one step
up or down in the main menu.

The active main menu selection is indicated with black back­ground color. The possible navigating directions in the menu
are shown in the upper-left corner by means of black triangular
symbols.

VAMP Ltd

12

Figure 3.1-1. Example of scroll indication

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Operation and configuration

VAMP 257

Figure 3.1-2. Principles of the menu structure and navigation in the menus

6. Push the INFO key to obtain additional information about

any menu item.

7. Push the CANCEL key to revert to the normal display.

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Operation and configuration

3.1.1. Function menu table

K001 L

AR 1

12 kW

P

E

U

Dist

FEEDER MANAGER

VAMP 255

02.03.2004
10:00:00

V4.20

POWER

P
Q
S
Pangle
P.F.
f

ENERGY

E+
Eq+
E­Eq-

PHASE CURRENTS

IL1
IL2

I

IL3
IL1da
IL2da
IL3da

LINE VOLTAGES

Uline
U12
U23
U31

FAULT DISTANCE

Dist
X

Count

EVENTS

Count
ClrEv

Order

0.1 kvar

21.2 kV

15 min POWER

Pda
Qda
Sda

PFda
fda

DECIMAL COUNT E-PULSE SIZES

E+.nn
Eq.nn
E-.nn

Ewrap

SYMMETRIC CURREN

Io
Io2
IoC
I1
I2
I2/I1

PHASE VOLTAGES

UL
UL1
UL2
UL3

FAULT DISTANCE 2 FAULT DISTANCE 3

Dist
X
Pre
Fault
Post
Udrop

EVENT LIST

POWER/PHASE 1 POWER/PHASE 2

PL1
PL2
PL3
QL1
QL2
QL3

E+
Eq+
E­Eq-

HARM. DISTORTION

THDIL
THDIL1
THDIL2
THDIL3

SYMMETRIC VOLTAG

Uo
U1
U2
U2/U1

Trig
dItrig
xline
Event

SL1
SL2
SL3
PF_L1
PF_L2
PF_L3

E-PULSE DURATION

E+
Eq+
E­Eq-

HARMONICS of IL1

5

3

1

3579111315

HARM. DISTORTION

THDU
THDUa
THDUb
THDUc

COS & TAN

cos
tan
cosL1
cosL2
cosL3

HARMONICS of IL2

5

3

1

3579111315

HARMONICS of Ua

5

3

1

3579111315

PHASE SEQUENCIES

Isec
Usec

Io

f

Io2

f

fAdop

HARMONICS of IL3

5

3

1

3579111315

HARMONICS of Ub

5

3

1

3579111315

HARMONICS of Uc

5

3

1

3579111315

VOLTAGE SAG & SW

Enable
Status

U<
U>
Delay

MIMIC

INFO

Evnt

SAG & SWELL CNTR

Status

Count
Total
Count
Total

SAG LOG

Type
Time
Min1
Min2

SWELL LOG

Type
Time
Max1
Max2

VAMP Ltd

VOLT. INTERRUPTS

Count
Prev
Total
Prev

Status

VOLT INT SETTING

U1
U1<
Period

Dat
Time

DR

TIMR

DI

DO

Prot

I>

CBFP

CONF

DISTURBANCE RECO

Mode
SR
Time
PreTri
ManTrg
ReadyR

TIMER STATUS

Timer1
Timer2
Timer3
Timer4

Time

DIGITAL INPUTS 1

DI1
DI2
DI3
DI4
DI5
DI6

RELAY OUTPUTS 1

T1
T2
T3
T4
A1
Force

PROTECTION SET

ClrAll
Starts
Trips

SetGrp
RLatch

I> STATUS 51

Status

SCntr
TCntr

Force

CBFP STATS 50BF

Status

SCntr
TCntr

Force

DEVICE SETUP

bit/s

Acc

REC. CHANNELS

AddCh
ClrCh
IL1,IL2,IL3,Io
Io2,U23,DI,DO

TIMER 1

Timer1

Time
On
Off
Mode

DIGITAL INPUTS 2

DI7
DI8
DI9
DI10
DI11
DI12

RELAY OUTPUTS 2

A2
A3
A4
A5
IF
Force

PROTECT STATUS 1

I>
...
...
...
...
...

SET I> 51

ILmax
Status
I>
I>
Type
t>

SET CBFP 50BF

Status
CBRel
t

CURRENT SCALING

Inom
Isec
Ionom
Iosec
Ioinp
Io2nom

TIMER 2

Timer2

Time
On
Off
Mode

DIGITAL INPUTS 3

DI13
DI14
DI15
DI16
DI17
DI18

XXXXXX outputs

TTTTAAAAAB ATLLLD

123412345O lrABCR
XXXs o o
XXXt o o

PROTECT STATUS 2

...
...
...
...
...
Stage n

LOG I> 51

Index

Type
Flt
Load
EDly

LOG CBFP 50BF

Index

EDly

VOLTAGE SCALING

Unom
Usec
Uosec

TIMER 3

Timer3

Time
On
Off
Mode

DI COUNTERS

DI1cnt
DI2cnt
DI3cnt
DI4cnt
DI5cnt
DI6cnt

ENABLED STAGES 1

I>
...
...
...
...
...

LOG2 I> 51

Index

1996 -03-01
00:00:00

LOG2 CBFP 50BF

Index

1996 -03-01
00:00:00

DEVICE INFO

Type
SerN
PrgVer

0ms

0ms

TIMER 4

Timer4

Time
On
Off
Mode

DELAYs for DigIn

1dly
2dly
3dly
4dly
5dly
6dly

ENABLED STAGES 2

...
...
...
...
...
Stage n

I> event mask

St_On Enabled
StOff Disabled
Tr_On Enabled
TrOff Disabled

CBFP event mask

St_On
StOff
Tr_On
TrOff

DATE/TIME SETUP

Date
Time

Style

EVENT MASKS for

Timer1
Timer2
Timer3
Timer4

INPUT POLARITY

DI1pol
DI2pol
DI3pol
DI4pol
DI5pol
DI6pol

ENABLED STAGES 3

...
...
...
...
...
Stage n

CLOCK SYNC

SyncDI
SyOS
CkTrim

SySrc

EVENT ENABLING

DI1On
DI1Of
DI2On
DI2Of
DI3On
DI3Of

Q_Menues_257

Figure 3.1.1-1. Menu structure

14

The menu structure shown above is an example of VAMP 257.
The structure is dependent on the manager type and options
chosen. In the menu, only supported functions are shown.

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Operation and configuration

VAMP 257

3.1.2. Basic menu structure of protection functions

Example I>:

I>STATUS:

Status Trip State of protection function (-, Start, Trip)
SCntr 8 Start counter
TCntr 7 Trip counter
Force Off Forced operation of state (ON, OFF)

SET I> (several SET menus possible):

ILmax 100A Actual value, the value on which the protection is based
Status - State of protection function (-, Start, Trip)
I> 110A Set value of protection function [A]
I> 1.10xInSet value of protection function [pu]

Curve IEC

Type DT

k> 0.50 Inverse time coefficient
t> 0.30s Operation delay
Dly20x 1.13s Inverse delay (20x)
Dly4x 2.48s Inverse delay (4x)
Dly2x 5.01s Inverse delay (2x)
Dly1x 35.90s Inverse delay (1x)

Delay curve family ( IEC, IEEE, IEEE2, RI, Prg1-Prg3,
DT)

Selection of delay time curve (DT, NI, VI, EI, LTI,
Parameters)

LOG I>:

Index 1 Order number of start 1 - 8
Type - Recorded event data
Flt A Maximum fault current [A]
Load A 1 s mean value of the pre-fault phase current [A]
EDly % Duration of fault (100% = the stage has tripped)

LOG2 I>:

Index 1 Order number of start 1 - 8

2002-08-22 Event time stamp

20:34:11

67ms

I> event mask:

St_On Selection of events into Event list (Enabled)
St_Off Selection of events into Event list (Enabled)
Tr_On Selection of events into Event list (Enabled)
Tr_Off Selection of events into Event list (Enabled)

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Operation and configuration

3.2. Setting groups

Most of the protection functions of the manager have two
setting groups. These groups are useful for example when the
network topology is changed frequently. The active group can
be changed by a digital input, through remote communication
or locally by using the local panel.

The active setting group of each protection function can be
selected separately. Figure 3.2-1 shows an example where the
changing of the I> setting group is handled with digital input
one (SGrpDI). If the digital input is TRUE, the active setting
group is group two and correspondingly, the active group is
group one, if the digital input is FALSE. If no digital input is
selected (SGrpDI = -), the active group can be selected by
changing the value of the parameter SetGrp.

VAMP Ltd

Figure 3.2-1. Example of protection submenu with setting group parameters

The changing of the setting parameters can be done easily.
When the desired submenu has been found (with the arrow
keys), press the ENTER key to select the submenu. Now the
selected setting group is indicated in the down-left corner of the
display (See Figure 3.2-2). Set1 is setting group one and Set2 is
setting group two. When the needed changes, to the selected
setting group, have been done, press the LEFT or the RIGHT
key to select another group (the LEFT key is used when the
active setting group is 2 and the RIGHT key is used when the
active setting group is 1).

16

Figure 3.2-2. Example of I> setting submenu

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Operation and configuration

3.3. Fault logs

All the protection functions include fault logs. The fault log of a
function can register up to eight different faults with time
stamp information, fault values etc. Each function has its own
logs (See Figure 3.3-1).

Figure 3.3-1. Example of fault log

VAMP 257

To see the values of, for example, log two, press the ENTER key
to select the current log (log one). The current log number is
then indicated in the down-left corner of the display (See
Figure 3.3-2, Log2 = log two). The log two is selected by
pressing the RIGHT key once.

Figure 3.3-2. Example of selected fault log

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Operation and configuration

3.4. Operating levels

VAMP Ltd

The manager has three operating levels:

level

and

Configuration level

. The purpose of the operating

User level, Operator

levels is to prevent accidental change of manager
configurations, parameters or settings.

USER level

Use:

Opening: Level permanently open
Closing: Closing not possible

Possible to read e.g. parameter values,
measurements and events

OPERATOR level

Use:

Opening: Default password 0001
Setting state: Push ENTER
Closing:

Possible to control objects and to change e.g.
the settings of the protection stages

The level is automatically closed after 10
minutes idle time. Giving the password 9999
can also close the level.

CONFIGURATION level

Use:

Opening: Default password 0002
Setting state: Push ENTER
Closing:

The configuration level is needed during the
commissioning of the manager. E.g. the
scaling of the voltage and current
transformers can be set.

The level is automatically closed after 10
minutes idle time. Giving the password 9999
can also close the level.

18

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VAMP Ltd Feeder and motor manager

Operation and configuration

3.4.1. Opening operating levels

1. Push the INFO key and the ENTER key on the front panel.

ENTER PASSWORD

0

***

Figure 3.4.1-1. Opening the operating level

2. Enter the password needed for the desired level: the

password can contain four digits. The digits are supplied
one by one by first moving to the position of the digit using
the RIGHT key and then setting the desired digit value
using the UP key.

3. Push the ENTER key.

VAMP 257

3.4.2. Password handling

The passwords can only be changed using VAMPSET software
connected to the local RS-232 port on the manager.

It is possible to restore the password(s) in case the password is
lost or forgotten. In order to restore the password(s), a manager
program is needed. The serial port settings are 38400 bps, 8
data bits, no parity and one stop bit. The bit rate is
configurable via the front panel.

Command Description
get pwd_break

get serno

Send both numbers to [e-mail]. A device specific
break code is sent back to you. The break code will be valid for
the next two weeks.

Command Description
set pwd_break=4435876 Break the passwords (The

Get the break code (Example:

6569403)
Get the serial number of the

manager (Example: 12345)

number “4435876” is sent by
VAMP Ltd.)

Now the passwords are restored to the default values (See
chapter 3.4).

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Operation and configuration

4. Operating measures

Study carefully the operating instructions presented in
chapters 1 to 3 in this manual before taking any operating
measures or changing any manager settings or functions.

The manager can be controlled via the manager front panel, a
PC running the VAMPSET software, a PC running suitable
manager software or via a remote control system.

4.1. Control functions

The default display of the local panel is a single-line diagram
including manager identification, Local/Remote indication,
Auto-reclose on/off selection and selected analogue
measurement values.

VAMP Ltd

Please note that the operator password must be active in order
to be able to control the objects. Please refer to chapter 0.

To toggle Local/Remote control:

1. Push the ENTER key. The previously activated object

starts to blink.

2. Select the Local/Remote object (“L” or “R” squared) by

using the arrow keys.

3. Push the ENTER key. The L/R dialog opens. Select

“REMOTE” to enable remote control and disable local
control. Select “LOCAL” to enable local control and
disable remote control.

4. Confirm the setting by pushing the ENTER key. The

Local/Remote state will change.

To control an object:

1. Push the ENTER key. The previously activated object

starts to blink.

2. Select the object to control by using the arrow keys.

Please note that only controllable objects can be selected.

20

3. Push the ENTER key. A control dialog opens.

4. Select the “Open” or “Close” command by using the UP

and DOWN arrow keys.

5. Confirm the operation by pushing the ENTER key. The

state of the object changes.

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VAMP Ltd Feeder and motor manager

Operation and configuration

To toggle auto-reclose on/off:

1. Push the ENTER key. The previously activated object

starts to blink.

2. Select the AR object (“0” or “1” squared) by using the UP

and DOWN arrow keys.

3. Push the ENTER key. The AR dialog opens.

4. Select “AR_Off” to disable the auto-reclose function.

Select “AR_On” to enable the auto-reclose function.

5. Confirm the setting by pushing the ENTER key. The

state of the auto-reclose changes.

To toggle virtual inputs

1. Push the ENTER key. The previously activated object

starts to blink.

2. Select the virtual input object (empty or black square)

3. The dialog opens

VAMP 257

4. Select “VIon” to activate the virtual input or select

“VIoff” to deactivate the virtual input

4.2. Measured data

The measured values can be read from the P*, E*, I and U*
menus and their submenus. Furthermore, any measurement
value in the following table can be displayed on the main view
next to the single line diagram. Up to six measurements can be
shown.

Value Menu/Submenu Description
P P/POWER Active power [kW]
Q P/POWER Reactive power [kvar]
S P/POWER Apparent power [kVA]
ϕ
P.F. P/POWER Power factor [ ]
f P/POWER Frequency [Hz]
Pda P/15 MIN POWER Active power [kW] *
Qda P/15 MIN POWER Reactive power [kvar] *
Sda P/15 MIN POWER Apparent power [kVA] *
Pfda P/15 MIN POWER Power factor [ ] *
fda P/15 MIN POWER Frequency [Hz] *
PL1 P/POWER/PHASE 1 Active power of phase 1 [kW]
PL2 P/POWER/PHASE 1 Active power of phase 2 [kW]
PL3 P/POWER/PHASE 1 Active power of phase 3 [kW]
QL1 P/POWER/PHASE 1 Reactive power of phase 1 [kvar]
QL2 P/POWER/PHASE 1 Reactive power of phase 2 [kvar]
QL3 P/POWER/PHASE 1 Reactive power of phase 3 [kvar]
SL1 P/POWER/PHASE 2 Apparent power of phase 1 [kVA]
SL2 P/POWER/PHASE 2 Apparent power of phase 2 [kVA]

P/POWER

Active power angle [°]

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Operation and configuration

Value Menu/Submenu Description
SL3 P/POWER/PHASE 2 Apparent power of phase 3 [kVA]
PF_L1 P/POWER/PHASE 2 Power factor of phase 1 [ ]
PF_L2 P/POWER/PHASE 2 Power factor of phase 2 [ ]
PF_L3 P/POWER/PHASE 2 Power factor of phase 3 [ ]
cos P/COS & TAN Cosine phi [ ]
tan P/COS & TAN Tangent phi [ ]
cosL1 P/COS & TAN Cosine phi of phase L1 [ ]
cosL2 P/COS & TAN Cosine phi of phase L2 [ ]
cosL3 P/COS & TAN Cosine phi of phase L3 [ ]
Iseq

Useq

Ioϕ

P/PHASE
SEQUENCIES

P/PHASE
SEQUENCIES

P/PHASE

Actual current phase sequency [OK;
Reverse; ?=Unknown

Actual voltage phase sequency [OK;
Reverse; ?=Unknown

Io/ Uo angle [°]

SEQUENCIES

Io2ϕ

P/PHASE

Io2/Uo angle [°]

SEQUENCIES

fAdop

P/PHASE

Adopted frequency [Hz]

SEQUENCIES
E+ E/ENERGY Exported energy [MWh]
Eq+ E/ENERGY Exported reactive energy [Mvar]
E- E/ENERGY Imported energy [MWh]
Eq- E/ENERGY Imported reactive energy [Mvar]
E+.nn E/DECIMAL COUNT Decimals of exported energy [ ]
Eq.nn E/DECIMAL COUNT Decimals of reactive energy [ ]
E-.nn E/DECIMAL COUNT Decimals of imported energy [ ]
Ewrap E/DECIMAL COUNT Energy control
E+ E/E-PULSE SIZES Pulse size of exported energy [kWh]
Eq+ E/E-PULSE SIZES

Pulse size of exported reactive energy

[kvar]
E- E/E-PULSE SIZES Pulse size of imported energy [kWh]
Eq- E/E-PULSE SIZES

Pulse duration of imported reactive

energy [ms]
E+

Eq+

E-

Eq-

E/E-PULSE
DURATION

E/E-PULSE
DURATION

E/E-PULSE
DURATION

E/E-PULSE
DURATION

Pulse duration of exported energy

[ms]

Pulse duration of exported reactive

energy [ms]

Pulse duration of imported energy

[ms]

Pulse duration of imported reactive

energy [ms]
E+ E/E-pulse TEST Test the exported energy pulse [ ]
Eq+ E/E-pulse TEST Test the exported reactive energy [ ]
E- E/E-pulse TEST Test the imported energy [ ]
Eq- E/E-pulse TEST Test the imported reactive energy [ ]
IL1 I/PHASE CURRENTS Phase current IL1 [A]
IL2 I/PHASE CURRENTS Phase current IL2 [A]
IL3 I/PHASE CURRENTS Phase current IL3 [A]
IL1da I/PHASE CURRENTS 15 min average for IL1 [A]

VAMP Ltd

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Operation and configuration

Value Menu/Submenu Description
IL2da I/PHASE CURRENTS 15 min average for IL2 [A]
IL3da I/PHASE CURRENTS 15 min average for IL3 [A]
Io

Io2

IoC

I/SYMMETRIC
CURRENTS

I/SYMMETRIC
CURRENTS

I/SYMMETRIC

Primary value of zero sequence/

residual current Io [A]

Primary value of zero-

sequence/residual current Io2 [A]

Calculated Io [A]

CURRENTS

I1

I/SYMMETRIC

Positive sequence current [A]

CURRENTS

I2

I/SYMMETRIC

Negative sequence current [A]

CURRENTS

I2/I1

I/SYMMETRIC
CURRENTS

Negative sequence current related to

positive sequence current (for

unbalance protection) [%]
THDIL

THDIL1

THDIL2

THDIL3

Diagram

I/HARM.
DISTORTION

I/HARM.
DISTORTION

I/HARM.
DISTORTION

I/HARM.
DISTORTION

Total harmonic distortion of the mean

value of phase currents [%]

Total harmonic distortion of phase

current IL1 [%]

Total harmonic distortion of phase

current IL2 [%]

Total harmonic distortion of phase

current IL3 [%]

I/HARMONICS of IL1 Harmonics of phase current IL1 [%]
(see
Figure

4.2-1)
Diagram

I/HARMONICS of IL2 Harmonics of phase current IL2 [%]
(see
Figure

4.2-1)
Diagram

I/HARMONICS of IL3 Harmonics of phase current IL3 [%]
(see
Figure

4.2-1)
Uline U/LINE VOLTAGES

Average value for the three line

voltages [V]
U12 U/LINE VOLTAGES Phase-to-phase voltage U12 [V]
U23 U/LINE VOLTAGES Phase-to-phase voltage U23 [V]
U31 U/LINE VOLTAGES Phase-to-phase voltage U31 [V]
UL U(PHASE VOLTAGES

Average for the three phase voltages

[V]
UL1 U/PHASE VOLTAGES Phase-to-earth voltage UL1 [V]
UL2 U/PHASE VOLTAGES Phase-to-earth voltage UL2 [V]
UL3 U/PHASE VOLTAGES Phase-to-earth voltage UL3 [V]
Uo

U/SYMMETRIC

Residual voltage Uo [%]

VOLTAGES

U1

U/SYMMETRIC

Positive sequence voltage [%]

VOLTAGES

U2

U/SYMMETRIC

Negative sequence voltage [%]

VOLTAGES

VAMP 257

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Operation and configuration

Value: Menu/Submenu: Description:
U2/U1

THDU

THDUa

THDUb

THDUc

Diagram

U/SYMMETRIC
VOLTAGES

U/HARM.
DISTORTION

U/HARM.
DISTORTION

U/HARM.
DISTORTION

U/HARM.
DISTORTION

Negative sequence voltage related to

positive sequence voltage [%]

Total harmonic distortion of the mean

value of voltages [%]

Total harmonic distortion of the

voltage input a [%]

Total harmonic distortion of the

voltage input b [%]

Total harmonic distortion of the

voltage input c [%]

U/HARMONICS of Ua Harmonics of voltage input Ua [%]
(see
Figure

4.2-1)
Diagram

U/HARMONICS of Ub Harmonics of voltage input Ub [%]
(see
Figure

4.2-1)
Diagram

U/HARMONICS of Uc Harmonics of voltage input Uc [%]
(see
Figure

4.2-1)
Count

U/VOLT.

Voltage interrupts counter [ ]

INTERRUPTS
Prev

U/VOLT.

Previous interruption [ ]

INTERRUPTS
Total

Prev

U/VOLT.

INTERRUPTS

U/VOLT.

Total duration of voltage interruptions
[days, hours]

Duration of previous interruption [s]

INTERRUPTS
Status

U/VOLT.

Voltage status [LOW; NORMAL]

INTERRUPTS

*) The length of the window can be selected

VAMP Ltd

24

Figure 4.2-1. Example of harmonics bar display

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Operation and configuration

4.3. Operation indicators

LED indicator Meaning Measure/ Remarks

Power LED lit

Error LED lit

Com LED lit or
flashing

Alarm LED lit

Trip LED lit

A- C LED lit

The auxiliary power has
been switched on

An internal fault has been
detected

The serial bus is in use
and transferring
information

One or several signals of
the output relay matrix
have been assigned to
output Al and the output
has been activated by one
of the signals. (For more
information about output
relay configuration, please
see chapter 5.4 on page

32).
One or several signals of

the output relay matrix
have been assigned to
output Tr, and the output
has been activated by one
of the signals. (For more
information about output
relay configuration, please
see chapter 5.4 on page

32).
Application-related status

indicators.

VAMP 257

Normal operation state

The manager attempts
to reboot [REBOOT]. If
the error LED remains
lit, call for maintenance.

Normal operation state

The LED is switched off
when the signal that
caused output Al to
activate, e.g. the START
signal, is reset. The
resetting depends on the
type of configuration,
connected or latched.

The LED is switched off
when the signal that
caused output Tr to
activate, e.g. the TRIP
signal, is reset. The
resetting depends on the
type of configuration,
connected or latched.

Configurable

Resetting latched indicators and output relays

All the indicators and output relays can be given a latching
function in the configuration.

There are several ways to reset latched indicators and relays:

• From the alarm list, move back to the initial display by

pushing the CANCEL key for approx. 3 s. Then reset the
latched indicators and output relays by pushing the ENTER
key.

• Acknowledge each event in the alarm list one by one by

pushing the ENTER key equivalent times. Then, in the
initial display, reset the latched indicators and output
relays by pushing the ENTER key.

The latched indicators and relays can also be reset via a remote
communication bus or via a digital input configured for that
purpose.

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Operation and configuration

4.4. Reading event register

The event register can be read from the Evnt submenu:

1. Push the RIGHT key once.

2. The EVENT LIST appears. The display contains a list of all

the events that have been configured to be included in the
event register.

VAMP Ltd

Figure 4.4-1. Example of an event register

3. Scroll through the event list with the UP and DOWN keys.

4. Exit the event list by pushing the LEFT key.

It is possible to set the order in which the events are sorted. If
the “Order” -parameter is set to “New-Old”, then the first event
in the EVENT LIST is the most recent event.

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Operation and configuration

4.5. Forced control (Force)

In some menus it is possible to switch a function on and off by
using a force function. This feature can be used, for instance,
for testing a certain function. The force function can be
activated as follows:

1. Move to the setting state of the desired function, for

example DO (see chapter 5, on page 29).

2. Select the Force function (the background color of the force

text is black).

VAMP 257

Figure 4.5-1. Selecting Force function

3. Push the ENTER key.

4. Push the UP or DOWN key to change the "OFF" text to

"ON", that is, to activate the Force function.

5. Push the ENTER key to return to the selection list. Choose

the signal to be controlled by force with the UP and DOWN
keys, for instance the T1 signal.

6. Push the ENTER key to confirm the selection. Signal T1

can now be controlled by force.

7. Push the UP or DOWN key to change the selection from "0"

(not alert) to "1" (alert) or vice versa.

8. Push the ENTER key to execute the forced control operation

of the selected function, e.g., making the output relay of T1
to pick up.

9. Repeat the steps 7 and 8 to alternate between the on and off

state of the function.

10. Repeat the steps 1...4 to exit the Force function.

11. Push the CANCEL key to return to the main menu.

NOTE! All the interlockings and blockings are bypassed when the force

control is used.

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Operation and configuration

4.6. Setting range limits

If the given parameter setting values are out-of-range values, a
fault message will be shown when the setting is confirmed with
the ENTER key. Adjust the setting to be within the allowed
range.

Figure 4.6-1. Example of a fault message

VAMP Ltd

The allowed setting range is shown in the display in the setting
mode. To view the range, push the INFO key. Push the
CANCEL key to return to the setting mode.

Figure 4.6-2. Allowed setting ranges show in the display

4.7. Adjusting display contrast

The readability of the LCD varies with the brightness and the
temperature of the environment. The contrast of the display
can be adjusted via the PC user interface, see chapter 6 on page

39.

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Operation and configuration

VAMP 257

5. Configuration and parameter setting

Operating level: CONFIGURATION

• Choose and configure the digital inputs in the DI submenu.

• Configure the digital outputs in the DO submenu.

• Select the needed protection functions in the Prot submenu.

• Set the ”Device Setup”, the scaling (for example I

etc.) and the date and time in the CONF submenu.

• Change the parameters of the protection functions in the

function-related submenus, for example I>.

• Choose and configure the communication buses in the Bus

submenu.

• Configure interlockings for objects and protection functions

with the VAMPSET software.

nom

, I

sec

,

Some of the parameters can only be changed via the RS-232
serial port using the VAMPSET software. Such parameters,
(for example passwords, blockings and mimic configuration) are
normally set only during commissioning.

Some of the parameters require the restarting of the manager.
This restarting is done automatically when necessary. If a
parameter is tried to change the manager will inform about the
auto-reset feature (see Figure 5-1).

Figure 5-1. Example of auto-reset display

Press CANCEL to return to the setting view. If a parameter
must be changed, press the ENTER key again. The parameter
can now be set. When the parameter change is confirmed with
the ENTER key, a [RESTART]- text appears to the top-right
corner of the display. This means that auto-resetting is
pending. If no key is pressed, the auto-reset will be executed
within few seconds.

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Operation and configuration

5.1. Principle of parameter setting

1. Move to the setting state of the desired menu (for example

CONF/CURRENT SCALING) by pushing the ENTER key.
The Pick text appears in the upper-left part of the display.

2. Enter the password associated with the configuration level

by pushing the INFO key and then using the arrow keys
and the ENTER key (default value = 0002). For more
information about the operating levels, please refer to 3.4.

3. Scroll through the parameters using the UP and DOWN

keys. A parameter can be set if the background color of the
line is black. If the parameter cannot be set the parameter
is framed.

4. Select the desired parameter (for example Inom) with the

ENTER key.

5. Use the UP and DOWN keys to change a parameter value.

If the value contains more than one digit, use the LEFT and
RIGHT keys to shift from digit to digit, and the UP and
DOWN keys to change the digits.

6. Push the ENTER key to accept a new value. If you want to

leave the parameter value unchanged, exit the edit state by
pushing the CANCEL key.

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Figure 5.1-1.Changing parameters

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Operation and configuration

5.2. Disturbance recorder menu DR

Via the submenus of the disturbance recorder menu the
following functions and features can be read and set:

DR

• Recording mode (Mode)

• Sample rate (Rate)

• Recording time (Time)

• Pre trig time (PreTrig)

• Manual trigger (MnlTrig)

• Count of ready records (ReadyRe)

REC. COUPLING

• Add a link to the recorder (AddLink)

• Clear all links (ClrLnks)

VAMP 257

Available links:

• DO, DI, D1_2

• Uline, Uphase

• IL

• U2/U1, U2, U1

• I2/In, I2/I1, I2, I1, IoCalc

• CosFii

• PF, S, Q, P

• f

• Uo

• UL3, UL2, UL1

• U31, U23, U12

• Io2, Io

• IL3, IL2, IL1

• Prms, Qrms, Srms

• Tanfii

• THDIL1, THDIL2, THDIL3

• THDUa, THDUb, THDUc

• fy, fz, U12y, U12z

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Operation and configuration

5.3. Configuring digital inputs DI

The following functions can be read and set via the submenus
of the digital inputs menu:

• The status of digital inputs (DIGITAL INPUTS 1-32)

• Operation counters (DI COUNTERS)

• Operation delay (DELAYs for DigI

• The polarity of the input signal (INPUT POLARITY). Either

)

n

normally open (NO) or normally closed (NC) circuit.

• Event enabling EVENT MASK1

5.4. Configuring digital outputs DO

The following functions can be read and set via the submenus
of the digital outputs menu:

• The status of the output relays (RELAY OUTPUTS 1,2 and

3)

• The forcing of the output relays (RELAY OUTPUTS 1, 2

and 3) (only if Force = ON):

• Forced control (0 or 1) of the Trip relays

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• Forced control (0 or 1) of the Alarm relays

• Forced control (0 or 1) of the IF relay

• The configuration of the output signals to the output relays.

The configuration of the operation indicators (LED) Alarm
and Trip and application specific alarm leds A, B and C
(that is, the output relay matrix).

5.5. Configuration of Prot menu

The following functions can be read and set via the submenus
of the Prot menu:

• Reset all the counters (PROTECTION SET/ClAll)

• Read the status of all the protection functions (PROTECT

STATUS 1-x)

• Enable and disable protection functions (ENABLED

STAGES 1-x)

• Define the interlockings between signals (only with

VAMPSET).

Each stage of the protection functions can be disabled or
enabled individually in the Prot menu. When a stage is
enabled, it will be in operation immediately without a need to
reset the manager.

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Operation and configuration

VAMP 257

The manager includes several protection functions. However,
the processor capacity limits the number of protection functions
that can be active at the same time.

5.6. Setting protection function parameters

The settings of the selected protection function can be read and
set separately in the submenus of each function.

Available Protection stages

• Overcurrent protection I>, I>>, I>>>

• Directional overcurrnet protection Iϕ>, Iϕ>>, Iϕ>>>, Iϕ>>>>

• Broken conductor protection I2/I1>

• Unbalance protection I2> *

• Phase reversal / incorrect phase sequence protection I2>> *

• Stall protection Ist> *

• Undercurrent protection I<

• Earth fault protection Io>, Io>>, Io2>, Io2>>

• Directional earth fault protection Ioϕ>, Ioϕ >>

• Overvoltage protection U>,U>>,U>>>

• Undervoltage protection U<,U<<,U<<<

• Reverse power and underpower protection P<, P<<

• Residual voltage protection Uo>, Uo>>

• Thermal overload protection T>

• Overfrequency and underfrequency protection f>< (fX),

f>><< (fXX)

• Underfrequency protection f<, f<<

• Rate of change of frequency (ROCOF) protection df/dt

• Frequent start protection N> *

• Circuit-breaker failure protection CBFP

• Arc fault protection ArcI>, ArcIo>, ArcIo2>

• Automatic re-close Recl

• Inrush detector If2>

• Synchrocheck function ∆f, ∆u, ∆ϕ

*) Available only when the application option is in motor protection

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Operation and configuration

5.7. Configuration menu CONF

The following functions and features can be read and set via
the submenus of the configuration menu:

DEVICE SETUP

• Transfer rate of local serial bus (bit/s)

• “AccessLevel” display (Acc)

LANGUAGE

• List of available languages in the relay

CURRENT SCALING

• Rated phase CT primary current (Inom)

• Rated phase CT secondary current (Isec)

VAMP Ltd

• Rated I

• Rated I

• The rated current of the Io current input (Ioinp)

• Rated I

• Rated I

• The rated current of the I

CT primary current (Ionom)

0

CT secondary current (Iosec)

0

CT primary current (Io2nom)

02

CT secondary current (Io2sec)

02

current input (Io2inp)

02

MOTOR CURRENT

• Rated current of the motor

VOLTAGE SCALING

• Rated VT primary voltage (Uprim)

• Rated VT secondary voltage (Usec)

• Rated U

• Voltage measuring mode (Umode) *

VT secondary voltage (Uosec)

0

DEVICE INFO (only display)

• Manager type (Type VAMP 2XX)

34

• Serial number (SerN)

• Software version (PrgVer)

• Bootcode version (BootVer)

DATE/TIME SETUP

• Date (Dat)

• Time (Time)

• Date information format (Style)

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Operation and configuration

SW OPTIONS

• Application option (ApplMod) *

• External LED-panel option (LedModule) *

• Earth-fault distance (E-FDist)

*) Only visible when access level is configuration

5.8. Protocol menu Bus

COMMUNICATION OPTIONS

• Communication module attached to port 1

• Communication module attached to port 2

REMOTE PORT

• The communication protocol of the REMOTE port

(Protoc)

VAMP 257

• Message counter (Msg#)

• Communication error counter (Errors)

• Communication time-out counter (Tout)

• Baudrate

LOCAL PORT

• The communication protocol of the LOCAL port

(Protoc)

• Message counter (Msg#)

• Communication error counter (Errors)

• Communication time-out counter (Tout)

• Baudrate

PC (Local / SPABus )

• Bytes in TX buffer

• Message counter

• Error counter

• Timeout counter

• Baudrate

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Operation and configuration

EXTENSION PORT

• The communication protocol of the EXTENSION port

(Protoc)

• Message counter (Msg#)

• Communication error counter (Errors)

• Communication time-out counter (Tout)

• Baudrate

MODBUS

• The device slave number at Modbus Slave Protocol or

the target slave number at Modbus Master Protocol
(Addr)

• Modbus transfer rate (bit/s)

• Modbus parity check (Parity)

EXTERNAL I/O

VAMP Ltd

• Baudrate

• Parity

SPABUS

• Slave number (Addr) when a manager is connected to

SPA-Bus

• SPA-Bus transfer rate (bit/s)

• Event mode

IEC 60870-5-103

• Slave address (Addr)

• Transfer rate (bit/s)

• Measurement interval (MeasIn)

• Time synchronization response mode (Sync)

IEC 60870-5-103 DISTURBANCE RECORDER

• ASDU23 activation (ASDU23)

• samples per message (smpls/msg)

• Time out

36

• DR Debug

• Fault

• Tag position

• Chn

• ChnPos

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Operation and configuration

ProfiBus DP

• ProfiBus profile (Mode)

• The transfer rate of the converter (bit/s)

• Event mode

• ProfiBus Tx Buf length (InBuf)

• ProfiBus Rx Buf length (OutBuf)

DNP 3.0

• Transfer rate (bit/s)

• Parity

• Slave address (SlvAddr)

• Master address (MstrAddr)

• Link layer confirmation timeout (LLTout)

• Link layer retry counter (LLRetry)

• Application layer confirmation timeout (APLTout)

VAMP 257

• Application layer confirmation mode

• Double-Bit input support (DBISup)

• Clock sync mode

TCP/IP

•

The IP address of the manager (Ip)

• Subnet mask (N)

• The IP address of the Gateway (Gatew)

• The IP address of the Name Server (NameSv)

• The IP address of the SNTP Server (NTPSvr)

• The port number used in remote protocol (e.g.

ModBusTCP) communication (Port)

5.9. Single line diagram editing

The single-line diagram is drawn with the VAMPSET software.
For more information, please refer to the VAMPSET manual
(VMV.EN0xx).

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Operation and configuration

5.10. Blocking and interlockings configuration

The configuration of the blockings and interlockings is done
with the VAMPSET software. Any start or trip signal can be
used for blocking the operation of any protection stage.
Furthermore, the interlocking between objects can be
configured in the same blocking matrix of the VAMPSET
software. For more information, please refer to the VAMPSET
manual (VMV.EN0xx).

NOTE! Interlocking object 7 and 8 are not possible.

VAMP Ltd

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Operation and configuration

6. PC software

6.1. PC user interface

The PC user interface can be used for:

• On-site parameterization of the manager

• Loading manager software from a computer

• Reading measured values to a computer

Two RS-232 serial ports are available for connecting a local PC;
one on the front panel and one on the rear panel of the
manager with the right operation model (see details in the
technical description). The serial ports are connected in
parallel. However, if the connection cables are connected to
both ports, only the port on the front panel will be active. To
connect a PC to the front panel serial port, use a connection
cable of type VX 003-3.

VAMP 257

You can also use the VAMPSET software through a TCP/IP
LAN connection. Optional hardware is required.

6.1.1. Using VAMPSET program

For more information about the VAMPSET software, please
refer to the user’s manual with the code VMV.EN0xx. If the
VAMPSET user’s manual is not available, please download it
from our web site at www.vamp.fi.

6.2. Remote control connection

The protection manager communicates with higher-level
systems, e.g. remote control systems, via the serial port
(REMOTE) on the rear panel of the manager.

ModBus, SPABus, IEC 60870-5-103, ProfiBus, ModBus TCP or
DNP 3.0 can be used as REMOTE communication protocols
(see details in the technical description).

Additional operation instructions for various bus types are to
be found in their respective manual.

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Operation and configuration

VAMP Ltd

7. Commissioning configuration

7.1. Factory settings

When delivered from the factory, the manager has got either
factory default settings or settings defined by the customer.
The configuration can be read from the workshop test reports
or from the final test reports.

7.1.1. Configuration during commissioning

The settings of the manager can be defined and checked during
the commissioning in accordance with the instructions given in
chapter 5 of this manual. The order can be, for example, the
following:

1. The scaling of the rated values of the phase currents

(CONF/CURRENT SCALING menu)

2. The scaling of the rated values of the voltages

(CONF/VOLTAGE SCALING menu)

The scaling is done in the software block of the measured
signals (see Figure 7.1.1-1). Thus, the scaling will affect all the
protection functions.

Figure 7.1.1-1. Principle for scaling the measured values of the manager

3. The activation of the desired protection functions, Prot

menu. See chapter 5.5.

4. The setting values of the protection function parameters

(e.g. I> menu). See chapter 5.6 on page 33.

5. The routing of the trip and alarm signals from the

protection functions to the desired output relays and LED
indicators (DO menu). See chapter 5.4 on page 32.

6. The configuration of the blocking matrix (VAMPSET

software).

7. The configuration of the desired DI inputs, for example

external blockings (DI menu). See chapter 5.3 on page 32.

8. Configuration of communication parameters (Bus menu).

See chapter 5.8 on page 35.

9. Drawing of the mimic picture.

40

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Operation and configuration

7.1.2. Configuration example

The example below illustrates the calculation and scaling of
setting values and the grouping of output relays in a typical
protection configuration. The numerical values given in the
example are to be regarded as guidelines only.

Example:

The example is based on the application shown in Figure 3.1-1
in the chapter 3 of the Technical Description.

The application uses the following protection functions and
parameters:

• Two-stage overcurrent protection I>, I>> (Status, I>, Type,

t>; Status, I>>, t>)

• Unbalance protection I2> (Status, I2>, t>)

• Earth fault protection Io> (Status, Io>, Type, t>)

• Directional earth fault protection Ioϕ> (Status, Ioϕ>, t>,

ChCtrl, Uo, Offset)

VAMP 257

• Residual voltage protection Uo> (Status, Uo>, t>)

• Thermal overload stage T> (Temp, Status, T>, Alarm, tau)

• Auto-reclose function AR (ReclT, PulseL, ReadyT)

• 2. harmonics stage If2> (2. Harm, t_2Har)

The above functions are enabled via the Prot/ENABLED
STAGES_ -menu by selecting "On" in the Enable display, see
chapter 5.5 on page 32. The functions that are not needed can
be disabled by selecting the "Off" value.

1 Start data

The configuration menus where the settings are done are given
in parenthesis.

Transforming ratios of measurement transformers:

Phase current transformers (CT) Inom 500A
(CONF/CURRENT SCALING) Isec 5.0A
Io current transformer (CT) Ionom 100A
(CONF/CURRENT SCALING) Iosec 1.0A
Ioinp 1.0A
Uo voltage transformers (VT) Uosec 100V
(CONF/VOLTAGE SCALING)

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Operation and configuration

2 Settings for protection stages

Protection stage Parameter Setting
Overcurrent stage I> I> 1.20 x In
Type DT
t> 0.30 s

k> is valid only for inverse time.

Overcurrent stage I>> I>> 2.50 x In
t> 0.20 s

Unbalance stage I2> I2> 20 %
t> 10.0 s

Earth fault stage Io> Io> 20 %
Type DT
t> 1.00 s

k> is valid only for inverse time.

Directional Earth fault
stage Ioϕ>
Uo> 10 %
Offset
ChCtrl DI13
See section 2.3.4 from technical description.

Earth fault stage Uo > Uo > 10 %
t> 2.0 s

Thermal stage T> T> 1.06 x In
Alarm 90 %
Tau 60 min
Auto reclose ReclT 10.0 s
PulseL 0.20 s
ReadyT 10.0 s

2. Harmonics stage 2. Harm 10 %

k> (NI, VI, EI,
LTI)

k> (NI, VI, EI,
LTI)

Ioϕ>
t> 1.00 s

VAMP Ltd

1.00

1.00

0.20 pu

0°

42

3 Blocking matrix

The required blockings are made by using the VAMPSET
software.

4 Configuration of output relays

The required groupings of the output relays and output signals
are configured in the DO menu, see chapter 5.4 on page 32.

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Table of Contents

1. Introduction ............................................................................5

1.1. Application.........................................................................5

1.2. Main features.....................................................................6

2. Functions.................................................................................7

2.1. Principles of numerical protection techniques.............7

2.2. Manager function dependencies..................................9

2.2.1. Manager function reference guide ......................9

2.2.2. Application modes................................................ 10

2.2.3. Current protection function dependencies...... 11

2.3. Manager functions ........................................................ 11

2.3.1. Overcurrent protection (50/51)........................... 11

2.3.2. Short-circuit fault location.................................... 22

2.3.3. Earth-fault location................................................ 24

2.3.4. Directional overcurrent protection (67)............. 25

2.3.5. Broken conductor protection (46)...................... 33

2.3.6. Unbalance protection (46).................................. 34

2.3.7. Phase reversal / incorrect phase sequence

protection (47) ....................................................... 35

2.3.8. Stall protection (48) ............................................... 36

2.3.9. Frequent start protection (66).............................. 37

2.3.10. Undercurrent protection (37)............................... 39

2.3.11. Directional earth fault protection (67N)............. 39

2.3.12. Earth fault protection (50N/51N)......................... 44

2.3.13. Capacitor bank unbalance protection ............ 46

2.3.14. Residual voltage protection (59N)...................... 49

2.3.15. Thermal overload protection (49)....................... 51

2.3.16. Auto-reclose function (79).................................... 54

2.3.17. Overvoltage protection (59)................................ 58

2.3.18. Undervoltage protection (27).............................. 61

2.3.19. Reverse power and underpower protection (32)

.................................................................................. 62

2.3.20. Overfrequency and underfrequency protection

(81H/81L)................................................................. 63

2.3.21. Underfrequency protection (81L) ....................... 65

2.3.22. Rate of change of frequency (ROCOF)

protection df/dt (81R)........................................... 66

2.3.23. Second harmonic stage / inrush (68) ................. 70

2.3.24. Synchrocheck (25)................................................. 72

2.3.25. Circuit-breaker failure protection (50BF)............ 77

2.3.26. Arc fault protection (50AR) (option)................... 78

2.3.27. Programmable stage............................................ 80

2.4. Measurement functions ................................................ 82

2.4.1. Fundamental frequency measurement ............ 82

2.4.2. Power calculations................................................ 82

2.4.3. Harmonics and Total Harmonic Distortion (THD)84

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2.4.4. Voltage interruptions............................................. 84

2.4.5. Voltage sags and swells ....................................... 86

2.4.6. Current transformer supervision........................... 88

2.4.7. Voltage transformer supervision.......................... 88

2.4.8. Circuit breaker condition monitoring................. 89

2.4.9. Energy pulses.......................................................... 91

2.5. Control functions............................................................ 94

2.5.1. Controllable objects.............................................. 94

2.5.2. Local/Remote selection ....................................... 98

2.5.3. Logic functions....................................................... 98

2.6. Blocking and output relay functions........................... 98

2.6.1. Blocking matrix....................................................... 99

2.6.2. Output matrix ......................................................... 99

2.6.3. Virtual inputs and outputs .................................... 99

2.7. Disturbance recorder.................................................. 100

2.8. Self-supervision.............................................................. 102

2.9. Clock synchronisation ................................................. 102

2.10. Timers.............................................................................. 103

2.11. Non-volatile memory................................................... 104

3. Applications........................................................................105

3.1. Substation feeder protection..................................... 105

3.2. Industrial feeder protection........................................ 106

3.3. Parallel line protection ................................................ 106

3.4. Ring network protection ............................................. 108

3.5. Trip circuit supervision.................................................. 108

3.5.1. Internal parallel digital inputs............................. 108

3.5.2. Trip circuit supervision with one digital input... 109

3.5.3. Trip circuit supervision with two digital inputs.. 111

4. Connections .......................................................................112

4.1. Rear panel view ........................................................... 112

4.1.1. Feeder manager VAMP 257 .............................. 112

4.2. Analogue measurements........................................... 116

4.3. Digital inputs.................................................................. 116

4.4. Auxiliary voltage........................................................... 117

4.5. Output relays ................................................................ 117

4.6. Serial communication connection............................ 118

4.6.1. Pin assignments of communication options.... 120

4.6.2. Pin assignment of the front communication port

................................................................................ 122

4.6.3. Protocols................................................................ 122

4.7. Arc protection (option)............................................... 125

4.8. DI19/DI20 (option)........................................................ 126

4.9. External option modules ............................................. 126

4.9.1. External LED module VAM 16D.......................... 126

4.9.2. External input / output module ......................... 126

4.10. Block diagrams............................................................. 127

4.10.1. Feeder manager VAMP 257 .............................. 127

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4.11. Block diagrams of option modules ........................... 128

4.11.1. Optional arc protection ..................................... 128

4.11.2. Optional DI19/DI20 .............................................. 128

4.12. Connection examples................................................. 129

4.12.1. Feeder manager VAMP 257 .............................. 129

4.12.2. Feeder manager VAMP 257 in a double busbar

application ........................................................... 132

4.12.3. Feeder manager VAMP 257 as a motor

protection manager ........................................... 133

5. Technical data ...................................................................134

5.1. Connections.................................................................. 134

5.1.1. Measuring circuitry .............................................. 134

5.1.2. Auxiliary voltage .................................................. 134

5.1.3. Digital inputs ......................................................... 135

5.1.4. Trip contacts......................................................... 135

5.1.5. Alarm contacts .................................................... 135

5.1.6. Local serial communication port...................... 135

5.1.7. Remote control connection .............................. 136

5.1.8. Arc protection interface (option) ..................... 136

5.2. Tests and environmental conditions.......................... 136

5.2.1. Disturbance tests ................................................. 136

5.2.2. Test voltages......................................................... 137

5.2.3. Mechanical tests ................................................. 137

5.2.4. Environmental conditions................................... 137

5.2.5. Casing.................................................................... 137

5.2.6. Package................................................................ 137

5.3. Protection stages ......................................................... 138

5.3.1. Non-directional current protection................... 138

5.3.2. Directional current protection........................... 141

5.3.3. Frequent start protection.................................... 142

5.3.4. Auto-reclose function ......................................... 142

5.3.5. Voltage protection.............................................. 143

5.3.6. Frequency protection......................................... 144

5.3.7. Second harmonic function................................ 144

5.3.8. Rate of change of frequency df/dt protection

(81R)....................................................................... 144

5.3.9. Synchrocheck function....................................... 145

5.3.10. Circuit-breaker failure protection ..................... 145

5.3.11. Arc fault protection stages (option)................. 145

5.3.12. Disturbance recorder (DR)................................. 146

6. Construction .......................................................................147

6.1. Dimensional drawing................................................... 147

6.2. Panel mounting............................................................ 148

6.3. Semi-flush mounting..................................................... 148

7. Order information...............................................................149

7.1. Ordering codes of VAMP feeder managers ........... 150

VAMP 257

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Technical description

8. Reference information.......................................................151

VAMP Ltd

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VM257.EN002

VAMP Ltd Feeder and motor manager

Technical description

1. Introduction

This part of the user manual describes the protection functions,
provides a few application examples and contains technical
data.

Mounting and commissioning instructions are given in a
separate mounting and commissioning manual
(VMMC.EN0xx).

Manual revision history:

VM257.EN001 First revision
VM257.EN002 Programmable inverse delay curves

1.1. Application

The numerical VAMP 257 feeder and motor manager includes
all the essential protection functions needed to protect feeders
and motors in distribution networks of utilities, industry,
power plants and offshore applications. Further, the manager
includes several programmable functions, such as arc (option),
thermal, trip circuit supervision and circuit breaker protection
and communication protocols for various protection and
communication situations.

VAMP 257

400kV/200 kV

Power
plants

transmission
network

Transmission
substations

Secondary
substation
(distribution

transformer)

Circuit
breaker

110 kV network

Protection
relay

20 kV cable
network

230/400V

Remote Control Interface

Protection
relay

Remote control

Distribution
substation

I/O

20 kV overhead line

Distribution transformer

230/400V

VAMP257_Sovelluskuva

Figure 1.1-1. Application of the feeder and motor managers

The VAMP feeder terminals can be used for selective short­circuit feeder protection of radial or meshed feeders regardless
of the earthing principle of the network. The manager can also
be used for single-, two- or three-phase directional or non­directional overcurrent and/or sensitive, directional or non-

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Technical description

directional earth fault protection. Furthermore, the voltage
measurements enable several other protection functions like
voltage and frequency protection.

The modern technology in association with an extensive self­supervision system and a reliable construction ensures an
extremely high availability for the VAMP feeder and motor
managers.

1.2. Main features

• Fully digital signal handling with a powerful 16-bit

microprocessor, and high measuring accuracy on all the
setting ranges due to an accurate 16-bit A/D conversion
technique.

• Wide setting ranges for the protection functions, e.g. the

earth fault protection can reach a sensitivity of 0.5%.

• Integrated fault location for short-circuit faults.

• The manager can be matched to the requirements of the

application by disabling the functions that are not needed.

• Flexible control and blocking possibilities due to digital

signal control inputs (DI) and outputs (DO).

• Easy adaptability of the manager to various substations

and alarm systems due to flexible signal-grouping matrix in
the manager.

• Possibility to control six objects (e.g. circuit-breakers,

disconnectors).

• Status of eight objects (e.g. circuit-breakers, disconnectors,

switches).

• Freely configurable display with six measurement values.

• Freely configurable interlocking schemes with basic logic

functions.

• Recording of events and fault values into an event register

from which the data can be read via a keypad and a local
HMI or by means of a PC based VAMPSET user interface.

• All events and indications are in non-volatile memory.

• Easy configuration, parameterisation and reading of

information via local HMI, or with a VAMPSET user
interface.

• Easy connection to power plant automation system due to a

versatile serial connection and several available
communication protocols.

• Built-in, self-regulating ac/dc converter for auxiliary power

supply from any source within the range from 40 to 265 V
dc or ac. The alternative power supply is for 18 to 36 V dc.

• Built-in disturbance recorder for evaluating all the

analogue and digital signals.

VAMP Ltd

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Technical description

2. Functions

The individual protection functions of the manager can
independently be enabled or disabled according to the
requirements of the intended application. For more
information, please see the configuration instructions in
chapter 5 and 7 in the Operation and configuration part of this
manual.

2.1. Principles of numerical protection techniques

The manager is fully designed using numerical technology.
This means that all the signal filtering, protection and control
functions are implemented through digital processing.

VAMP 257

The numerical technique used in the manager is primarily
based on an adapted Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT). In
FFT the number of calculations (multiplications and additions),
which are required to filter out the measuring quantities,
remains reasonable.

By using synchronized sampling of the measured signal
(voltage or current) and a sample rate according to the 2n
series, the FFT technique leads to a solution, which can be
realized with just a 16 bit micro controller, without using a
separate DSP (Digital Signal Processor).

The synchronized sampling means an even number of 2n
samples per period (e.g. 32 samples per a period). This means
that the frequency must be measured and the number of the
samples per period must be controlled accordingly so that the
number of the samples per period remains constant if the
frequency changes. Therefore, some current has to be injected
to the current input IL1 to adapt the network frequency for the
manager. However, if this is not possible then the frequency
must be parameterised to the manager.

Apart from the FFT calculations, some protection functions also
require the symmetrical components to be calculated for
obtaining the positive, negative and zero phase sequence
components of the measured quantity. For example, the
function of the unbalanced load protection stage is based on the
use of the negative phase sequence component of the current.

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Figure 2.1-1 shows a principle block diagram of a numerical
manager. The main components are the energizing inputs,
digital input elements, output relays, A/D converters and the
micro controller including memory circuits. Further, a manager
contains a power supply unit and a human-machine interface
(HMI).

Figure 2.1-2 shows the heart of the numerical technology. That
is the main block diagram for calculated functions.

Figure 2.1-3 shows a principle diagram of a single-phase
overvoltage or overcurrent function.

VAMP Ltd

Figure 2.1-1. Principle block diagram of a numerical feeder manager

Figure 2.1-2. Block diagram of a software based protection function

8

Figure 2.1-3. Block diagram of a single phase protection function

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2.2. Manager function dependencies

2.2.1. Manager function reference guide

VAMP 257

IEEE
no

50/51

67N

50N/51N I0>, I0>>, I02>,

59N U0>, U0>> Residual voltage protection X

Protection functions

81H/

81L
81L f<, f<< Underfrequency protection X

81R

50BF CBFP Circuit-breaker failure protection X
50AR ArcI> Arc fault protection X **

Fault location X

Capacitor bank unbalance protection X

Measurement functions

IEC symbol

3I>, 3I>>,
3I>>

I

>, I

>>,

dir

dir

I

67

46 I2/I1> Broken conductor protection X
46 I2> Unbalance protection X *

47

48 Ist> Stall protection X *
66 N> Frequent start protection X *
37 I< Undercurrent protection X

49 T> Overload protection X
79 Auto reclose function X

59

27

32 P<, P<< Reverse and under power protection X

68 2.ha Second harmonic stage /inrush X

25

>>>,

dir

I

>>>>

dir

>> Phase reversal / incorrect phase sequence

I

2

Ι

>, Ι0ϕ>>

0ϕ

I

>>

02

U>, U>>,
U>>>

U<, U<<,
U<<<

f><, f>><< Over- and under-frequency protection

df/dt Rate of change of frequency (ROCOF)

∆f, ∆U, ∆ϕ Synchrocheck X

3I Three-phase current X
l

Neutral current X

0

I

Current unbalance X

2

I

Average and maximum demand current X

L

3U Phase and line voltages X
U

Residual voltage X

0

U

Voltage unbalance X

2

Xfault Short-circuit fault reactance X
Xfault Earth-fault reactance X
f System frequency X

Function name

Overcurrent protection

Directional overcurrent protection

protection

Directional earth fault protection
Earth fault protection

Overvoltage protection

Undervoltage protection

protection

VAMP 257

X

X

X *

X

X

X

X

X

X

*) Only available when application mode is motor protection
**) Option

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IEEE
no

P Active power X
Q Reactive power X
S Apparent power X

Measurement and monitoring functions

IEC 60870-5-103 X

Communication

Number of phase current CT’s 3
Number of residual current CT’s 2
Number of voltage input VT’s 3
Number of digital inputs 26
Number of extra digital inputs with the

Hardware

Digital inputs parallel T5, T6, T7, T8 4
Number of trip outputs 8
Number of alarm outputs 1
Number of heavy duty alarm outputs 4

IEC symbol

E+, E- Active Energy, exported / imported X
Eq+, Eq- Reactive Energy, exported / imported X
PF Power factor X
Phasor diagram view of voltages X
Phasor diagram view of currents X

Condition monitoring CB wear X
Condition monitoring CT supervision X
Condition monitoring VT supervision X
Voltage interruptions X
Voltage sags and swells X

*) Only one arc channel is available with DI19/DI20 option

Function name

2nd to 15th harmonics and THD of
currents

2nd to 15th harmonics and THD of
voltages

Modbus TCP
Modbus RTU
Profibus DP
SPA-bus communication
Man-Machine-Communication, display
Man-Machine-Communication, PC

DI19/DI20 option.

VAMP Ltd

VAMP 257

X

X

X
X
X
X
X
X

2 *

2.2.2. Application modes

The application modes available are the feeder protection mode
and the motor protection mode. In the feeder protection mode
all current dependent protection functions are relative to
nominal current In derived by CT ratios. The motor protection
functions listed in chapter 2.2.1 are unavailable in the feeder
protection mode. In the motor protection mode all current
dependent protection functions are relative to motor’s nominal

10

current I
protection functions which are listed in chapter 2.2.1. All
functions which are available in the feeder protection mode are

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. The motor protection mode enables motor

mot

VM257.EN002

VAMP Ltd Feeder and motor manager

Technical description

VAMP 257

also available in the motor protection mode. Default value of
the application mode is the feeder protection mode.

The application mode can be changed with VAMPSET-software
or from config menu of the relay. Changing the application
mode requires configurator password.

NOTE! Please see the next chapter for current based protection

function dependencies.

2.2.3. Current protection function dependencies

The current based protection functions are relative to I
which is dependent of the application mode. In the motor
protection mode all of the current based functions are relative
to I

and in the feeder protection mode to In with following

mot

exceptions.

> (46), I2>> (47), Ist> (48), N> (66) are always dependent on

I

2

I

and they are only available when application mode is in the

mot

motor protection.

2.3. Manager functions

2.3.1. Overcurrent protection (50/51)

The three-phase overcurrent function consists of three
separately adjustable overcurrent stages; stage I>, stage I>>
and stage I>>>.

The overcurrent function measures the fundamental frequency
component of the phase currents. The protection is based on the
highest phase current value.

The low-set stage I> can be configured for definite time or
inverse time operation characteristic. The stages I>> and I>>>
are configured for definite time operation characteristic (DT).

mode

,

Inverse time operation (only for I>):

There are three ways to use the inverse time characteristics:

1. using standard characteristics by selecting a curve family

(IEC, IEEE, etc) and a delay type (Extremely inverse, Short
time inverse, etc)

2. selecting a curve family (IEC, IEEE, etc) and defining

parameters to the delay formula. This mode is activated by
setting delay type to ‘Parameters’, and then changing the
delay function parameters A..E.

3. building the characteristics by setting 16 [current, time]

points. This mode is activated by setting curve family to
‘Prg1’, ‘Prg2’, or ‘Prg3’, thus there are maximum of 3
programmed curves available. The device interpolates the
values between given points with 2nd degree polynomes.

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The following table shows which settings are effective for each
of the operation time modes:

Operation time modes

Curve family

Setting

Delay type

VAMP Ltd

Definite delay

Parameters A…E

coefficient

Inverse time

1 … 3

Programmable curve

Requires restarting

Setting availability

Standard

1

characteristics

Formula

2

parameters

16 programmable

3

[current, time]
points

Operation time mode

Definite time (DT)

VAMPSET

Local panel

X X X

X X X

X

X

X X

X

X

IEC…RI NI…RXIDG X

IEC…IEEE2 Parameters X X

Prg1..Prg3 X

DT DT X

Relay will show the currently used inverse delay curve on the
local panel display.

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Technical description

Programmable inverse time curves (only for I>):

The [current, time] curve points are programmed using
VAMPSET. There are some rules for defining the curve points:

• configuration must begin from the top most line

• line order must be as follows: the smallest current (longest

operation time) on the top and the largest current (shortest
operation time) on the bottom

• all unused lines (on the bottom) should be filled with ‘1.00

0.00s’

Here is an example configuration of curve points:

Current I/I
1 1.00 10.00 s
2 2.00 6.50 s
3 5.00 4.00 s
4 10.00 3.00 s
5 20.00 2.00 s
6 40.00 1.00 s
7
8
9

10
11
12
13
14
15
16

pickup

1.00 0.00 s

1.00 0.00 s

1.00 0.00 s

1.00 0.00 s

1.00 0.00 s

1.00 0.00 s

1.00 0.00 s

1.00 0.00 s

1.00 0.00 s

1.00 0.00 s

VAMP 257

Operation Delay

If there are any errors on configuration of the curve points, the
protection stage will use definite time delay. There is also a
signal ‘Setting Error’ available in output matrix, which
indicates three different situations:

1. settings are currently changed with VAMPSET or local

panel, and there is temporarily illegal combination of
curve/delay/points. For example if previous settings were
IEC/NI and then curve family is changed to IEEE, the
setting error will active, because there is no NI mode
available for IEEE curves. After changing valid delay type
for IEEE mode (for example MI), the ‘Setting Error’ signal
will release.

2. there are errors in the curve point configuration and the

device is not able to interpolate mean values

3. there are errors in formula parameters A…E, and the device

is not able to build the delay curve

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Limitations:

The maximum measured secondary current is 250 A. This
limits the scope of inverse curves when the setting is more than

12.5 A.

Figure 2.3.1-1 shows a functional block diagram of the I> stage
of the overcurrent function.

Figure 2.3.1-1. Block diagram of the three-phase overcurrent stage I>

VAMP Ltd

Setting parameters of overcurrent stages:

I>, I>>, I>>> (50/51)

Pickup setting Unit:

I> 0.10 ... 5.00 1.20
I>> 0.10 … 20.00 2.50

Param.

I>>>

Operation delay selection (only for I>)

Curve
Type
A…E

Type

- curve family selection

- delay type selection

- formula parameters

DT

NI
VI
EI

LTI
LTEI
LTVI

MI

STI
STEI

RI

Definite time

Normal inverse

Very inverse

Extremely inverse

Long time inverse

Long time extremely inverse

Long time very inverse

Moderately inverse

Short time inverse

Short time extremely inverse

Range

0.1 … 40.00

Default

DT

IEC

IEEE

X

X X
X X X
X X X
X X
X
X
X X
X
X
X

5.00

Curve

IEEE2

RI

xI

mode

Prg1

Prg2

Prg3

14

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VAMP 257

Operation delay selection (only for I>)

Curve
Type
A…E

Programmable curve 1

Programmable curve 2

Programmable curve 3

Parameters

- curve family selection

- delay type selection

- formula parameters

RXIDG

Parameters

Usage of these parameters are defined by

Function parameters

16 programmable
[current, time] points
for each curve

Active only, when

Type = Parameters

the delay formulas

DT

IEC

IEEE

X
X X X

X
X
X

A

X X X

B
C
D
E

X X X
X X
X
X

Definite operating time Unit:

t> 0.08 ... 300.00 0.3
t>> 0.04 … 300.00 0.6

Param.

t>>>

Range

0.04 … 300.00

Default

Curve

IEEE2

0.1

RI

Prg1

Seconds

Prg2

Prg3

Inverse time multiplier (only for I>)

0.05 ... 20.00

k

Param.

0.5 … 20.00

Range

Event enabling Range:

Start on event

Start off event

Trip on event

Trip off event

Param.

S_On
S_Off
T_On
T_Off

Inverse operation time formulas (only for I>)

Curve family: IEC Parameters:

(IEC)

(IEEE)

(IEEE2)

(RI)

1.0

Default

Enabled/disabled

Enabled
Enabled
Enabled

Default

Enabled

A, B

I

I

pickup

Ak

⎞
⎟
⎟
⎠

B

1−

=

t

⎛
⎜
⎜
⎝

Standard delays A B

NI Normal inverse 0.14 0.02

EI Extremely inverse 80 2

VI Very inverse 13.5 1

LTI Long time inverse 120 1

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Technical description

VAMP Ltd

Curve family: IEEE Parameters:

⎡
⎢
⎢

= B

kt

⎢
⎢
⎢

⎣

Standard delays A B C

LTI Long time inverse 0.086 0.185 0.02

LTVI Long time very inverse 28.55 0.712 2

LTEI Long time extremely inverse 64.07 0.250 2

MI Moderately inverse 0.015 0.1140 0.02

VI Very inverse 19.61 0.491 2

EI Extremely inverse 28.2 0.1217 2

STI Short time inverse 0.16758 0.11858 0.02

STEI Short time extremely inverse 1.281 0.005 2

Curve family: IEEE2 Parameters:

A

I

pickup

C

⎞
⎟

−

⎟
⎠

⎛
⎜
⎜

I

⎝

⎤
⎥
⎥

+

⎥
⎥

1

⎥
⎦

⎡
⎢
⎢

Akt

+=

⎢
⎢
⎢

⎣

B

⎛

I

⎜
⎜

I

pickup

⎝

+

⎞
⎟

C

−
⎟

⎠

D

⎛

I

⎜
⎜
⎝

−

I

+

⎛

⎞

⎜

⎟

C

⎜

⎟

⎝

⎠

I

I

pickuppickup

A, B, C

A … E

E

C

−

⎤
⎥
⎥
⎥

32

⎞

⎥

⎟

⎥

⎟
⎠

⎦

Standard delays A B C D E

MI Moderately inverse 0.1735 0.6791 0.8 -0.08 0.1271

NI Normally inverse 0.0274 2.2614 0.3 -4.1899 9.1272

VI Very inverse 0.0615 0.7989 0.34 -0.284 4.0505

EI Extremely inverse 0.0399 0.2294 0.5 3.0094 0.7222

Curve/delay: RI/RI Parameters:

=

t

Curve/delay: RI/RXIDG Parameters:

k

−

339.0

⎛
⎜
⎜

I

pickup

⎝

t ln35.18.5 −=

236.0

⎞

I

⎟
⎟
⎠

I

Ik

pickup

None

None

16

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Measured and recorded values of overcurrent stages:

I>, I>>, I>>> (50/51)

Parameter Values Unit Description
Measured

value
Recorded

values

ILmax A

SCntr Cumulative start counter
TCntr Cumulative trip counter
Type

Flt xImode

Load A

Edly %

1-N, 2-N,

3-N

1-2, 2-3,

1-3

1-2-3

Corresponding primary
value

Fault type/single-phase
fault e.g.: 1-N = fault on
phase L1

Fault type/two-phase fault
e.g.: 2-3 = fault between L2
and L3

Fault type/three-phase
fault

The max. value of fault
current as compared to In

1 s mean value of pre-fault
phase currents IL1…IL3

Elapsed time as compared
to the set operating time,
100% = tripping

VAMP 257

Figure 2.3.1-2. Block diagram of the three-phase overcurrent stage I>>

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Technical description

VAMP Ltd

Figure 2.3.1-3 IEC normal inverse
delay.

Figure 2.3.1-5 IEC very inverse
delay.

Figure 2.3.1-4 IEC extremely
inverse delay.

Figure 2.3.1-6 IEC long time inverse
delay.

18

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VAMP 257

Figure 2.3.1-7 Inverse delay of type
RI.

Figure 2.3.1-9 ANSI/IEEE long
time inverse delay

Figure 2.3.1-8 Inverse delay of type
RXIDG.

Figure 2.3.1-10 ANSI/IEEE long
time very inverse delay

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Technical description

VAMP Ltd

Figure 2.3.1-11 ANSI/IEEE long
time extremely inverse delay

Figure 2.3.1-13 ANSI/IEEE2 very
inverse delay

Figure 2.3.1-12 ANSI/IEEE
moderately inverse delay

Figure 2.3.1-14 ANSI/IEEE2
extremely inverse delay

20

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VAMP 257

Figure 2.3.1-15 ANSI/IEEE short
time inverse delay

Figure 2.3.1-17 ANSI/IEEE2
moderately inverse delay

Figure 2.3.1-16 ANSI/IEEE short
time extremely inverse delay

Figure 2.3.1-18 ANSI/IEEE2 normal
inverse delay

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Technical description

VAMP Ltd

Figure 2.3.1-19 ANSI/IEEE2 very
inverse delay

Figure 2.3.1-20 ANSI/IEEE2
extremely inverse delay

2.3.2. Short-circuit fault location

The manager includes a sophisticated stand-alone fault
location algorithm. The algorithm can locate a short-circuit
accurately in radially operated networks. The fault location is
given in reactance value, and also the distance to the fault is
displayed on the local HMI. This value can then be exported,
for example, with event to a DMS (Distribution Management
System). The system can then localize the fault. If a DMS is not
available, the distance to the fault is displayed as kilometres,
as well as a reactance value. However, the distance value is
valid only if the line reactance is set correctly. Furthermore,
the line should be homogenous, that is, the wire type of the line
should be the same for the whole length. If there are several
wire types on the same line, an average line reactance value
can be used to get an approximate distance value to the fault
(examples of line reactances: Overhead wire Sparrow: 0.408
ohms/km and Raven: 0.378 ohms/km).

22

The fault location is normally used in the incoming bay of the
substation. Therefore, the fault location is obtained for the
whole network with just one manager. This is very cost­effective upgrade of an existing system.

The algorithm functions in the following order:

1. The needed measurements (phase currents and voltages)

are continuously available.

2. The fault distance calculation can be triggered in two ways:

by opening a feeder circuit-breaker due to a fault (that is, by
using a digital input) or the calculation can be triggered if

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Technical description

there is a sudden increase in the phase currents (e.g. short­circuit).

3. Phase currents and voltages are registered in three stages:

before the fault, during the fault and after the faulty feeder
circuit-breaker was opened.

4. The fault distance quantities are calculated.

5. Two phases with the biggest fault current are selected.

6. The load currents are compensated.

7. The faulty line length reactance is calculated.

Setting parameters of fault location:

Dist

Parameter Value Unit Default Description
Trig dI;

DI1 … DI32

Line
reactance

dItrig 5 … 800 % Imode 20

Kd 0.00 … 1.00 - 0.31

Event Disabled;

0.010 … 10.000 Ohms/km 0.378

Enabled

- -

- Enabled Event mask

VAMP 257

Trigger mode (dI=
triggering based on
sudden increase of
phase current)

Line reactance of the
line. This is used only
to convert the fault
reactance to
kilometres.

Trig current (sudden
increase of phase
current)

Load distribution
factor

Measured and recorded values of fault location:

Dist

Measured
values/
recorded
values

Parameter Value Unit Description

Distance km Distance to the fault
Xfault ohm Fault reactance
Date - Fault date
Time - Fault time
Time ms Fault time
Cntr - Number of faults
Pre A

Fault A Current during the fault
Post A Post-fault current
Udrop %Un Voltage dip during the fault
Durati s Fault duration
Xfault ohm Fault reactance

Pre-fault current (=load
current)

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Technical description

2.3.3. Earth-fault location

The manager includes a sophisticated stand-alone earth-fault
location algorithm. The algorithm can locate an earth-fault
accurately in radially operated compensated earthed networks.

The function can locate a fault only if the fault resistance is
low, say less than 50 ohms. The fault location is given in
reactance value. This value can then be exported, for example,
with event to a DMS (Distribution Management System). The
system can then localize the fault and display it on a map.

The fault location must be used in the incoming bay of the
substation. Therefore, the fault location is obtained for the
whole network with just one manager. This is very cost­effective upgrade of an existing system.

Please note also that the earth-fault location function requires
a change during an earth-fault. This change is done by
switching the secondary resistor of the compensation coil on or
off. The fault should be allowed to be on at least 200 ms, of
which 100 ms without the resistor. The resistor change can be
done by using the logic functionality of the manager.

VAMP Ltd

The reactance value is converted to distance in the DMS. The
following formula is used:

*3

s++=

X

Where,

XXXo

21

s = distance in km
X = reactance calculated by the manager
Xo = zero sequence reactance per kilometre of the line
X1 = positive sequence reactance per kilometre of the line

= negative sequence reactance per kilometre of the line

X

2

The algorithm functions in the following order:

1. The needed measurements (phase currents and voltages)

are continuously available.

2. The fault distance calculation can be triggered in two ways:

by switching ON or OFF the secondary resistor (that is, by
using a digital input) or the calculation can be triggered if
there is a change in earth fault or negative sequence current

3. The fault phase is identified by that the voltage of the

faulted phase is decreased at least by half.

4. The fault distance is calculated by dividing the change of

the voltage by the change of the negative sequence current.

5. Only the imaginary part is used, so then the reactance is

solved.

24

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Setting parameters of earth-fault location:

EFDi

Parameter Value Unit Default Description
EFMode

TrigIn Io;I2;DI1 - Io Triggering input:

UoTrig 1 … 80 % Uon 20 Trig level for Uo
Itrig 10 … 800 % In 80 Trig level for current
Event On: Off - On Event mask

Normal;
Reverse

- Normal

VAMP 257

Normal: The resistor
is switched ON
during a fault.

Reverse: The resistor
is switched OFF
during a fault

Io: earth fault
current will trig the
function.

: negative phase

I

2

sequence current will
trig the function
DI1: the function is
triggered by
activating the digital
input 1

Measured and recorded values of earth-fault location:

EFDi

Measured
values/
recorded
values

Parameter Value Unit Description

Fault ph Fault phase information
X ohm Fault reactance
Date - Fault date
Time - Fault time
Time ms Fault time
Count - Number of faults

2.3.4. Directional overcurrent protection (67)

The three-phase directional overcurrent function consists of
four separately adjustable stages, stage I
I

>>> and stage I

dir

>>>>.

dir

These directional overcurrent stages can be used for directional
short circuit protection. The stages have two modes: directional
and non-directional. The bi-directional operation is possible by
setting the both stages in a directional mode and setting the
base angle to have a 180° difference.

The direction is based on the phase angle of the power phasor.
The power phasor is calculated from the base frequency
components of the measured phase currents and line voltages,
taking into account the 30° phase/main angle.

>, stage I

dir

dir

>>, stage

The base angle is configurable. For a short circuit with power
factor 0.707 (the resistive and inductive components of the fault

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Technical description

impedance are equal) an ideal base angle setting would be -45°
for forward protection and -45° + 180° = +135° for reverse
protection. The angles are independent of the system frequency
within the range 16 to 70 Hz. See Figure 2.3.4-2.

When any of the three currents exceeds the setting value, the
phase angle of the power phasor is checked by taking into
account the base angle, too. If the angle is within the protected
area, the stage starts. After the operation delay the stage will
trip.

VAMP Ltd

Stages I
inverse time operation characteristic. Stages I
I

>>>> are configured for Definite Time operation

dir

> and I

dir

>> can be configured for definite time or

dir

>>> and

dir

characteristic (DT).

Inverse time operation (only for I

> and I

dir

dir

>>):

There are three ways to use the inverse time characteristics:

1. using standard characteristics by selecting a curve family

(IEC, IEEE, etc) and a delay type (Extremely inverse, Short
time inverse, etc)

2. selecting a curve family (IEC, IEEE, etc) and defining

parameters to the delay formula. This mode is activated by
setting delay type to ‘Parameters’, and then changing the
delay function parameters A..E.

3. building the characteristics by setting 16 [current, time]

points. This mode is activated by setting curve family to
‘Prg1’, ‘Prg2’, or ‘Prg3’, thus there are maximum of 3
programmed curves available. The device interpolates the
values between given points with 2nd degree polynomes.

The following table shows which settings are effective for each
of the operation time modes:

26

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Technical description

Operation time modes

Curve family

Setting

Delay type

VAMP 257

Definite delay

Parameters A…E

coefficient

Inverse time

1 … 3

Programmable curve

Requires restarting

Setting availability

Standard

1

characteristics

Formula

2

parameters

16 programmable

3

[current, time]
points

Operation time mode

Definite time (DT)

VAMPSET

Local panel

X X X

X X X

X

X

X X

X

X

IEC…RI NI…RXIDG X

IEC…IEEE2 Parameters X X

Prg1..Prg3 X

DT DT X

Relay will show the currently used inverse delay curve on the
local panel display.

Programmable inverse time curves

(only for I

> and I

dir

dir

>>):

The [current, time] curve points are programmed using
VAMPSET. There are some rules for defining the curve points:

• configuration must begin from the top most line

• line order must be as follows: the smallest current (longest

operation time) on the top and the largest current (shortest
operation time) on the bottom

• all unused lines (on the bottom) should be filled with ‘1.00

0.00s’

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Technical description

Here is an example configuration of curve points:

Current I/I
1 1.00 10.00 s
2 2.00 6.50 s
3 5.00 4.00 s
4 10.00 3.00 s
5 20.00 2.00 s
6 40.00 1.00 s
7
8
9

10
11
12
13
14
15
16

pickup

1.00 0.00 s

1.00 0.00 s

1.00 0.00 s

1.00 0.00 s

1.00 0.00 s

1.00 0.00 s

1.00 0.00 s

1.00 0.00 s

1.00 0.00 s

1.00 0.00 s

VAMP Ltd

Operation Delay

If there are any errors on configuration of the curve points, the
protection stage will use definite time delay. There is also a
signal ‘Setting Error’ available in output matrix, which
indicates three different situations:

1. settings are currently changed with VAMPSET or local

panel, and there is temporarily illegal combination of
curve/delay/points. For example if previous settings were
IEC/NI and then curve family is changed to IEEE, the
setting error will active, because there is no NI mode
available for IEEE curves. After changing valid delay type
for IEEE mode (for example MI), the ‘Setting Error’ signal
will release.

2. there are errors in the curve point configuration and the

device is not able to interpolate mean values

there are errors in formula parameters A…E, and the device is
not able to build the delay curve.

Limitations:

The maximum measured secondary current is 250 A. This
limits the scope of inverse delays if the setting is more than

12.5 A.

28

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Figure 2.3.4-1 shows a functional block diagram of the I
stage of the directional overcurrent function.

Figure 2.3.4-1. Block diagram of the three-phase overcurrent stage I

The following figure shows an example of directional
overcurrent angle characteristics. The base angle setting is set
to -45º. The stage will trip when the tip of the current phasor is
in the grey area.

VAMP 257

>

dir

>

dir

Figure 2.3.4-2. Example of directional overcurrent angle characteristics

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Technical description

Setting parameters of directional overcurrent stages:

I

>, I

dir

dir

>>, I

>>> and I

dir

>>>> (67)

dir

VAMP Ltd

Pickup setting

I

>

dir

I

>>

dir

I

>>>

dir

Param.

I

>>>>

dir

0.10 ... 4.00

Range

0.10 … 20.00

Directional / Undirectional mode

Mode

Param.

Dir / Undir

Range

Unit:

Default

Default

Base angle offset Unit:

Offset

Param.

Operation delay selection (only for I

Curve
Type
A…E

- curve family selection

- delay type selection

- formula parameters

-180 … +179

Range

dir

> and I

dir

>>)

DT

Default

IEC

IEEE

1.20

Dir

0

Curve

IEEE2

RI

xI

°

mode

Prg1

Prg2

Prg3

DT

NI
VI
EI

LTI
LTEI
LTVI

Type

MI

STI
STEI

RI

RXIDG

Parameters

Programmable curve 1

Programmable curve 2

Programmable curve 3

Usage of these parameters are defined by

Parameters

Definite time

Normal inverse

Very inverse

Extremely inverse

Long time inverse

Long time extremely inverse

Long time very inverse

Moderately inverse

Short time inverse

Short time extremely inverse

Function parameters

16 programmable
[current, time] points
for each curve

Active only, when

Type = Parameters

the delay formulas

A
B
C
D
E

X

X X
X X X
X X X
X X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X X X

X
X
X

X X X
X X X
X X
X
X

30

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VAMP 257

Definite operating time Unit:

t>
t>>

0.06 ... 300.00

Param.

t>>>

Range

Default

t>>>>

Inverse time multiplier (only for I

0.05 ... 20.00

k

Param.

0.5 … 20.00

Range

Event enabling Range:

Start on event

Start off event

Trip on event

Trip off event

Param.

S_On
S_Off
T_On
T_Off

Inverse operation time formulas (only for I

> and I

dir

>>)

dir

(IEC)

(IEEE)

(IEEE2)

(RI)

> and I

dir

Default

Enabled/disabled

Default

>>)

dir

0.3

1.0

Enabled
Enabled
Enabled
Enabled

Seconds

Curve family: IEC Parameters:

I

I

pickup

Ak

⎞
⎟
⎟
⎠

B

1−

t

=

⎛
⎜
⎜
⎝

A, B

Standard delays A B

NI Normal inverse 0.14 0.02

EI Extremely inverse 80 2

VI Very inverse 13.5 1

LTI Long time inverse 120 1

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

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VAMP Ltd

Curve family: IEEE Parameters:

⎡
⎢
⎢

= B

kt

⎢
⎢
⎢

⎣

Standard delays A B C

LTI Long time inverse 0.086 0.185 0.02

LTVI Long time very inverse 28.55 0.712 2

LTEI Long time extremely inverse 64.07 0.250 2

MI Moderately inverse 0.015 0.1140 0.02

VI Very inverse 19.61 0.491 2

EI Extremely inverse 28.2 0.1217 2

STI Short time inverse 0.16758 0.11858 0.02

STEI Short time extremely inverse 1.281 0.005 2

Curve family: IEEE2 Parameters:

A

C

I

I

pickup

⎞
⎟

−

⎟
⎠

⎛
⎜
⎜
⎝

⎤
⎥
⎥

+

⎥
⎥

1

⎥
⎦

⎡
⎢
⎢

Akt

+=

⎢
⎢
⎢

⎣

B

⎛

I

⎜
⎜

I

pickup

⎝

+

⎞
⎟

C

−
⎟

⎠

D

⎛

I

⎜
⎜
⎝

−

I

+

⎞

⎛

⎟

C

⎜

⎟

⎜

⎠

⎝

I

I

pickuppickup

A, B, C

A … E

E

C

−

⎤
⎥
⎥
⎥

32

⎞

⎥

⎟

⎥

⎟
⎠

⎦

Standard delays A B C D E

MI Moderately inverse 0.1735 0.6791 0.8 -0.08 0.1271

NI Normally inverse 0.0274 2.2614 0.3 -4.1899 9.1272

VI Very inverse 0.0615 0.7989 0.34 -0.284 4.0505

EI Extremely inverse 0.0399 0.2294 0.5 3.0094 0.7222

Curve/delay: RI/RI Parameters:

t

=

Curve/delay: RI/RXIDG Parameters:

k

339.0

−
⎛

⎜
⎜

I

pickup

⎝

t ln35.18.5 −=

236.0

⎞

I

⎟
⎟
⎠

I

Ik

pickup

None

None

32

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Measured and recorded values of directional overcurrent
stages:

I

>, I

dir

>>, I

dir

Parameter Value Unit Description
Measured

value

Recorded
values

>>> and I

dir

ILmax A Corresponding primary value
U1 V Positive sequence voltage
ϕ
SCntr - Cumulative start counter
TCntr - Cumulative trip counter
Type

U1 V Positive sequence voltage

ϕ °

Flt xImode Max. fault current
Load xImode

EDly %

>>>> (67)

dir

1-N, 2-N,
3-N

1-2, 2-3,
1-3

1-2-3 Fault type/three-phase fault

Active power angle

°

Fault type/single-phase fault,
e.g. 1-N = fault on phase L1

e.g. 2-3 = fault between L2
and L3

Active power angle

1 s mean value of pre-fault
phase currents IL1…IL3

The elapsed time compared
to the set operating time,
100% = tripping

VAMP 257

2.3.5. Broken conductor protection (46)

The purpose of the broken conductor protection is to detect
unbalanced load conditions, for example a broken wire of a
heavy loaded overhead line in case there is no earth fault.

The operation of the unbalanced load function is based on the
negative phase sequence component I2 related to the positive
phase sequence component I
currents using the method of symmetrical components. The
function requires that the measuring inputs are connected
correctly so that the rotation direction of the phase currents are
as in Figure 4.10.1-1. The unbalance protection has definite
time operation characteristic.

Setting parameters of unbalanced load function:

I2/I1> (46)

Parameter Value Unit Default Description
I2/I1> 2 … 70 % 20 Setting value, I2/I1
t> 1.0 … 600.0 s 10.0 Definite operating time
Type DT

INV

S_On

S_Off

T_On

Enabled;
Disabled

Enabled;
Disabled

Enabled;
Disabled

. This is calculated from the phase

1

- DT

- Enabled Start on event

- Enabled Start off event

- Enabled Trip on event

The selection of time
characteristics

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33

VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Technical description

Parameter Value Unit Default Description
T_Off

Enabled;
Disabled

- Enabled Trip off event

Measured and recorded values of unbalanced load
function:

I2/I1> (46)

Parameter Value Unit Description
Measured

value
Recorded

values

I2/I1 %

SCntr Cumulative start counter
TCntr Cumulative start counter
Flt % Maximum I2/I1 fault component
EDly %

Relative negative sequence
component

Elapsed time as compared to
the set operating time, 100% =
tripping

2.3.6. Unbalance protection (46)

VAMP Ltd

NOTE! This function is available only in motor protection mode.

The unbalance stage protects the motor against unbalanced
phase currents and single phasing. The protection is based on
the negative sequence current.

Both definite time and inverse time characteristics are
available. The inverse delay is based on Equation 2.3.6-1. Only
the base frequency components of the phase currents are used
to calculate the negative sequence value Io.

Equation 2.3.6-1

K

T

=

I

I

2

MOT

1

2

)( K

−

where,

2

2

T = Operation time
K

= Thermal time constant of the rotor (I

1

2

t value)

2

I2 = Negative sequence phase current, base frequency

component

34

I

= Nominal current of the motor

MOT

K2 = The maximum allowed degree of unbalance

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Technical description

1000

100

K =0.05

2

K =0.2

2

K =0.2

2

K =0.05

2

VAMP 257

K =40

1

Operation time (s)

K =0.05

2

K =0.2

2

10

K=1

1

1

0.10.20.40.40.50.6 0.70.8 0.9 1.0

I/I

2 MOT

Figure 2.3.6-1. Inverse operation delay of current unbalance stage I2>. The
longest delay is limited to 1000 seconds (=16min 40s).

2.3.7. Phase reversal / incorrect phase sequence protection (47)

NOTE! This function is available only in motor protection mode.

The phase sequence stage prevents the motor from running in
the wrong direction, thus protecting the load.

When the ratio between negative and positive sequence current
exceeds 80%, the phase sequence stage starts and trips after
100 ms.

Parameters of the incorrect phase sequence stage:

I2>> (46)
Parameter Value/unit Description
Measured

value
Recorded

values

VM257.EN002 VAMP 24h support phone : [phone]

I2/I1 %

SCntr Start counter (Start) reading
TCntr Trip counter (Trip) reading
Flt % Max. value of fault current
EDly %

Neg. phase seq. current/pos.
phase seq. current

Elapsed time as compared to
the set operate time, 100% =
tripping

35

VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Technical description

2.3.8. Stall protection (48)

NOTE! This function is available only in motor protection mode.

The stall protection unit Ist> measures the fundamental
frequency component of the phase currents.

Stage Ist> can be configured for definite time or inverse time
operation characteristic.

The stall protection stage protects the motor against prolonged
starts caused by e.g. a stalled rotor. While the current has been
less than I
exceeds I
operation time T according to Equation 2.3.8-1. The equation is
also drawn in Figure 2.3.8-1. When current drops below 120 %

the stall protection stage releases.

x I

mot

Equation 2.3.8-1

stop

StartMin

= 10% x I

and then within 200 milliseconds

mot

the stall protection stage starts to count the

VAMP Ltd

I

T =

START

I

MEAS

T

START

where,

T = Operation time
I
I
T

T

= Start current of the motor. Default 6.00xI

START

= Measured current during start

MEAS

= Maximum allowed start time for the motor

START

TIME

START

mot

36

IstartMin

Figure 2.3.8-1. Operation time delay of the stall protection stage Ist>.

I

START

CURRENT

If the measured current is less than the specified start current
I
time T

the operation time will be longer than the specified start

START

and vice versa.

START

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Technical description

Im1

Block

Im2
Im3

MAX

>

t

s

&

t

r

t

VAMP 257

Istlohko

Start

Trip

Register
event

&



Register
event

Motor nom.
start current

Delay Definite / inverse

time

Inverse delay

&

Enable events

Figure 2.3.8-2. Block diagram of the stall protection stage Ist>.

Parameters of the stall protection stage:

Ist> (48)
Parameter Value/unit Description
Setting

values

Recorded
values

ImotSt xImot

Nominal motor starting
current

Ist> %Imot

Motor start detection current.
Must be less than initial motor
starting current.

Type

DT

Operation charact./ definite
time

Inv

Operation charact./ inverse

time
tDT> s Operation time [s]
tInv> s

Time multiplier at inverse

time
SCntr Start counter (Start) reading
TCntr Trip counter (Trip) reading
Flt x Imot Max. value of fault.
EDly %

Elapsed time as compared to

the set operate time, 100% =

tripping

2.3.9. Frequent start protection (66)

NOTE! This function is available only in motor protection mode.

The simplest way to start an asynchronous motor is just to
switch the stator windings to the supply voltages. However
every such start will heat up the motor considerably because
the initial currents are significantly above the rated current.

If the motor manufacturer has defined the maximum number of
starts within on hour or/and the minimum time between two
consecutive starts this stage is easy to apply to prevent too
frequent starts.

When current has been less that I
the situation is recognized as a start. The maximum current for
a stopped motor I
just started motor I

VM257.EN002 VAMP 24h support phone : [phone]

is 10 % x I

stop

StartMin

mot

is 150 % x I

and then exceeds I

stop

. The minimum current for a

mot

StartMin

.

37

VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Technical description

The stage will give a start signal when the second last start has
been done. The trip signal is normally activated and released
when there are no starts left. Figure 2.3.9-1 shows an
application.

+

STOP START

--

Open

coil

Close

coil

+

M

+

VAMP 257
Output matrix

T1

I> start

I> trip

A1

VAMP Ltd

N> alarm

N> motor start inhibit

257NStageAppl

Figure 2.3.9-1 Application for preventing too frequent starting, using the N>
stage. The relay A1 has been configured to be “normal closed”. The start is
just an alarm telling that there is only one start left at the moment.

Parameters of the frequent start protection:

N> (66)
Parameter Value/unit Description
Measured

value
Setting

values

Recorded
values

Mot strs Motor starts in last hour
T Min Elapsed time from motor start
Sts/h Max. starts in one hour
Interval Min

Min. interval between two

consecutive starts
SCntr Start counter (Start) reading
TCntr Trip counter (Trip) reading
Descr

1StartLeft

1 start left, activates the N>

start signal

MaxStarts

Max. start trip, activates the

N> trip signal

Interval

Min. interval between two

consecutive starts has not yet

been elapsed, activates the N>

trip signal
Tot mot

Number of total motor starts

Strs
Mot Strs/h

Number of motor starts in last

hour
El. Time

from mot

Min

Elapsed time from the last

motor start
Strt

38

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Technical description

2.3.10. Undercurrent protection (37)

The three-phase undercurrent unit measures the fundamental
frequency component of the phase currents.

The stage I< can be configured for definite time characteristic.
The undercurrent stage is protecting rather the device driven

by the motor e.g. a submersible pump, than the motor itself.

Parameters of the undercurrent stage:

I< (37)
Parameter Value/unit Description
Measured

value
Setting

values
Recorded

values

ILmin

I< xImode Setting value as per times I
t< S Operation time [s]
SCntr Start counter (Start) reading
TCntr Trip counter (Trip) reading
Type

Flt %

Load %

EDly %

A

1-N, 2-N

3-N

1-2, 2-3

1-3

1-2-3 Fault type/three-phase fault

Min. value of phase currents IL1
… IL3 in primary value

Fault type/single-phase fault e.g.:
1-N = fault on phase L1

Fault type/two-phase fault
e.g.: 2-3 = fault between L2 and L3

Min. value of fault current as per
times I

1s mean value of pre-fault currents
IL1 … IL3

Elapsed time as compared to the
set operate time, 100% = tripping

MOT

VAMP 257

MOT

2.3.11. Directional earth fault protection (67N)

The directional earth fault protection is used in networks
where a sensitive earth fault protection is needed and in
applications with varying network structure and length.

The manager consists of versatile protection functions for
network earth fault protection. The earth fault current is meas­ured via energizing input I0 or I
be calculated from the phase currents internally. The residual
voltage is measured via energizing input U0 (e.g. broken delta
connection), or it can be calculated from the phase voltages
internally according to the selected protection mode:

• Phase: the residual voltage is calculated from the phase

voltages and therefore a separate residual voltage
transformer is not needed. The setting values are relative to
the VT secondary voltage (U

• Line+U

: The residual voltage is measured with voltage

0

transformers (e.g. a broken delta connection). The setting
values are relative to the VT0 secondary voltage (U
defined in configuration.

or the earth fault current can

02,

) defined in configuration.

0sec

0sec

)

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Technical description

For the I0 and U0 measurement, the fundamental frequency
components are used. Thus, the degree of the third harmonic
attenuation is at least 60 dB, which contributes to the
extremely high accuracy of the earth fault protection.

The directional earth fault protection measures the residual
voltage U0, earth fault current I0 and the phase angle ϕ
between U0 and I0.

The directional earth fault protection includes two separate
protection stages, that is, I

> and I

0

ϕ

their own operation time settings. The protection stage starts
when the setting values of I

ϕ> and U

0

exceeded.

VAMP Ltd

>>. Both the stages have

0

ϕ

> are simultaneously

0

The I
earthed networks, and in the I

mode (I

0Res

) is used in rigidly, resistance and resonant

0cos

ϕ

0Cap

mode (I

) in isolated

0sin

ϕ

networks. The user can set this characteristic, or it can be
controlled dynamically using any digital input. The control
input is usually used in compensated applications, where the
compensation coil can be switched on and off.

Figure 2.3.11-1. Block diagram of the directional earth fault stages I

>>

I

0

ϕ

> and

0

ϕ

40

Figure 2.3.11-2. Operation characteristic of the directional I0 in Res or Cap
mode

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Technical description

Figure 2.3.11-3. Operation characteristic of the directional I0 in sector mode

Setting parameters of directional earth-fault protection:

I

>, I

ϕ

>> (67N)

0

ϕ

0

VAMP 257

Input selection

Input

Param.

Io

- measured input (I0)

Io2 - measured input (I02)

Range

IoCalc - calculated from phase currents

Default:

Pickup setting Unit:

Ioϕ>

Param.

Ioϕ>>

Operation mode

Mode

Param.

ResCap mode characteristics

0.01 … 8.00 When Io or Io2

Range

0.01 … 20.0 When IoCalc

ResCap, Sector,
Undir

Range

ResCap

Default

Default:

Res - resistive

Cap - capasitive

ChCtrl

Param.

Range

DI1..n

- controlled by a digital input:
DI Characteristics

On Resistive
Off Capasitive

I

0

Default

Res

I

0n

0.20

Residual voltage setting Unit:

Uo>

1 … 20

Param.

Uo>>

VM257.EN002 VAMP 24h support phone : [phone]

Range

%

10

Default

41

VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Technical description

VAMP Ltd

Base angle between I0 and U

Offset

Param.

Operation delay selection

Curve
Type
A…E

Type

- curve family selection

- delay type selection

- formula parameters

DT

NI
VI
EI

LTI
LTEI
LTVI

MI

STI
STEI

RI

RXIDG

Parameters

Definite time

Normal inverse

Very inverse

Extremely inverse

Long time inverse

Long time extremely inverse

Long time very inverse

Moderately inverse

Short time inverse

Short time extremely inverse

Function parameters

0

-180 … +179

Range

Unit:

°

0

Default

Curve

DT

IEC

IEEE

X

RI

IEEE2

Prg1

X X
X X X
X X X
X X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X X X

Prg2

Prg3

Programmable curve 1

Programmable curve 2

Programmable curve 3

Active only, when

Type = Parameters

Usage of these parameters are defined

Parameters

by the delay formulas

16 programmable
[current, time] points
for each curve

A
B
C
D
E

X
X
X

X X X
X X X
X X
X
X

Definite operating time Unit:

t>

0.1 ... 300.0

Param.

t>>

Range

Default

Intermittent time Unit:

Interm

Param.

0.10 ... 300.0

Range

Default

1

0.50

Seconds

Seconds

42

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VAMP 257

Inverse time multiplier

K

Param.

Event enabling Range:

S_On
S_Off
T_On

Param.

T_Off

0.05 ... 20.00

0.5 … 20.00

Range

Start on event

Start off event

Trip on event

Trip off event

(IEC)

(IEEE)

(IEEE2)

(RI)

1.0

Default

Enabled/disabled

Enabled
Enabled
Enabled

Default

Enabled

Limitations:

The maximum measured secondary current is 10 A for input
signal I0, 50 A for input signal I02 and 250 A for calculated
signal I

. This limits the scope of inverse delays if the setting

0Calc

is more than the maximum measured current divided by 20.

Measured and recorded values of directional earth fault
protection:

I0ϕ>, I0ϕ>> (67N)

Parameter Value Unit Description
Measured

values

Display

Recorded
values

IoRes/Cap A

Primary (Res/Cap) earth fault
current Io

Uo % Residual voltage Uo
Ioϕ>, Ioϕ>>
Char Res;

A Setting value as primary value

Actual operation characteristic

Cap

(Res=Resistive; Cap=Capacitive)
SCntr Cumulative start counter
TCntr Cumulative trip counter
Flt pu Max. fault current
EDly %

The elapsed time compared to

the set operating time; 100% =

tripping
Angle o

Phase angle between residual

voltage and current
Uo %

The max. residual voltage under

fault condition

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Technical description

2.3.12. Earth fault protection (50N/51N)

The manager has two separate energizing inputs rated 1 A (I0>
and I0>>) and 5 A (I02> and I02>>), both of which can be used
simultaneously. The function of the stages I0> and I0>> is based
on the measured current connected to the input 4 (terminal
X1:7-8). The function of the stages I02> and I02>> is based on
the measured current connected to the input 5 (terminal X1:9-

10).
The terminal measures the fundamental frequency component

I0. Thus, the degree of attenuation of the third harmonic is at
least 60 dB. This contributes to the extremely high accuracy of
the earth fault protection, which is insensitive against
harmonics.

VAMP Ltd

Figure 2.3.12-1. Block diagram of the earth fault stages I0>

Figure 2.3.12-2. Block diagram of the earth fault stages I0>>, I02> and I02>>

44

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Technical description

Setting parameters of earth fault protection:

I0>, I0>>, I02>, I02>> (50N/51N)

VAMP 257

Input selection

Param.

Input

Io

Io2 - measured input (I02)

Range

IoCalc - calculated from phase currents

- measured input (I0)

Pickup setting Unit:

Io>

0.005 … 8.00 When Io

0.005 … 20.0 When IoCalc

or

Io2

Default:

I

0

I

0n

0.050

Io>> 0.10

0.01 … 8.00 When Io or Io2

Param.

Io2> 0.10

Range

0.01 … 20.0 When IoCalc

Io2>>

Operation delay selection (only for I0>)

Curve
Type
A…E

Type

Programmable curve 1

Programmable curve 2

Programmable curve 3

Parameters

- curve family selection

- delay type selection

- formula parameters

DT

NI
VI
EI

LTI
LTEI
LTVI

MI

STI

STEI

RI

RXIDG

Parameters

Usage of these parameters are defined

Definite time

Normal inverse

Very inverse

Extremely inverse

Long time inverse

Long time extremely inverse

Long time very inverse

Moderately inverse

Short time inverse

Short time extremely inverse

Function parameters

16 programmable
[current, time] points
for each curve

Active only, when

Type = Parameters

by the delay formulas

A
B
C
D
E

Default

0.20

Curve

DT

IEC

IEEE

X

RI

IEEE2

Prg1

X X
X X X
X X X
X X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X X X

X
X
X

X X X
X X X
X X
X
X

Prg2

Prg3

Definite operating time Unit:

t>

Param.

VM257.EN002 VAMP 24h support phone : [phone]

0.08 ... 300.0

Range

Default

Seconds

1.00 (Io>)

1.00 (Io>>)

0.50 (Io2>)

1.00 (Io2>>)

45

VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Technical description

VAMP Ltd

Inverse time multiplier (only for I0>)

0.05 ... 20.00

k>

Param.

Event enabling Range:

S_On
S_Off
T_On

Param.

T_Off

0.5 … 20.00

Range

Start on event

Start off event

Trip on event

Trip off event

(IEC)

(IEEE)

(IEEE2)

(RI)

1.0

Default

Enabled/disabled

Enabled
Enabled
Enabled

Default

Enabled

Measured and recorded values of earth fault protection:

I0>, I0>>, I02>, I02>> (50N/51N)

Parameter Value Unit Description
Measured

value
Display

Recorded
values

Io>, Io>>,
Io2>, Io2>>

Io>, Io>>,
Io2>, Io2>>

SCntr - Cumulative start counter
TCntr - Cumulative trip counter
Flt pu The max. fault value
EDly %

A Primary earth fault current Io

A Setting value Io

Elapsed time as compared to the
set operating time; 100% =
tripping

2.3.13. Capacitor bank unbalance protection

The manager enables versatile capacitor, filter and reactor
bank protection, with its five current measurement inputs. The
fifth input is typically useful for unbalance current
measurement of a double-wye connected unearthed bank.
Furthermore, the unbalance protection is highly sensitive to
internal faults of a bank because of the sophisticated natural
unbalance compensation. However, the location method gives
the protection a new dimension and enables easy maintenance
monitoring for a bank.

This protection scheme is specially used in double wye
connected capacitor banks. The unbalance current is measured
with a dedicated current transformer (could be like 5 A/5 A)
between two starpoints of the bank. The unbalance current is
not affected by system unbalance. However, due to
manufacturing tolerances, some amount of natural unbalance
current exists between the starpoints. This natural unbalance
current affects the settings, thus, the setting has to be
increased.

46

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Technical description

L1

L2

L3

VAMP 255

X1:1

X1:2

X1:3

X1:4

X1:5

X1:6

X1:7

X1:8

X1:9

X1:10

VAMP 257

VAMP 257

IL1

IL2

IL3

I

01I01

I02I

T1

02

bank_vamp257

Figure 2.3.13-1. Typical capacitor bank protection application with VAMP
257

Compensation method

The sophisticated method for unbalance protection is to
compensate the natural unbalance current. The compensation
is triggered manually when commissioning. The phasors of the
unbalance current and one phase current are recorded. This is
because one polarizing measurement is needed. When the
phasor of the unbalance current is always related to IL1, the
frequency changes or deviations have no effect on the
protection.

After recording the measured unbalance current corresponds
the zero-level and therefore, the setting of the stage can be very
sensitive.

Compensation and location

The most sophisticated method is to use the same compen­sation method as mentioned above, but the add-on feature is to
locate the branch of each faulty element or to be more precise,
the broken fuse.

This feature is implemented to the stage I02>>, while the other
stage I02> can still function as normal unbalance protection
stage with compensation method. Normally, the I02>> could be
set as an alarming stage while stage I02> will trip the circuit­breaker.

The stage I

>> should be set based on the calculated

02

unbalance current change of one faulty element. This can be
easily calculated. However, the setting must be, say 10%
smaller than the calculated value, since there are some

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Technical description

tolerances in the primary equipment as well as in the relay
measurement circuit. Then, the time setting of I
for tripping purposes. The time setting specifies, how long the
manager must wait until it is certain that there is a faulty
element in the bank. After this time has elapsed, the stage
I

>> makes a new compensation automatically, and the

02

measured unbalance current for this stage is now zero. Note,
the automatic compensation does not effect on the measured
unbalance current of stage I02>.

If there is an element failure in the bank, the algorithm checks
the phase angle of the unbalance current related to the phase
angle of the phase current IL1. Based on this angle, the algo­rithm can increase the corresponding faulty elements counter
(there are six counters).

The user can set for the stage I02>> the allowed number of
faulty elements, e.g. if set to three elements, the fourth fault
element will issue the trip signal.

VAMP Ltd

>> is not used

02

The fault location is used with internal fused capacitor and
filter banks. There is no need to use it with fuseless or external
fused capacitor and filter banks, nor with the reactor banks.

Setting parameters of capacitor bank unbalance protection:

I02>, I02>> (50N/51N)

Parameter Value Unit Default Description
Input Io; Io2; IoCalc - Io2

Io2>, Io2>> 0.01 … 8.00

(Input Io, Io2);

0.01 … 20.0
(Input IoCalc)

t> 0.08 … 300.00 s 0.50 (Io2>),

CMode Off; On (Io2>);

Off; Normal;
Location(Io2>>)

SaveBa -; Get - -

SetBal 0.010 … 3.000 pu 0.050 Compensation level
S_On On; Off - On Start on event
S_Off On; Off - On Start off event
T_On On; Off - On Trip on event
T_Off On; Off - On Trip off event
DIoSav On; Off - Off

DIoSav On; Off - Off Recording ended event

pu 0.10 (Io2>)

0.20 (Io2>>)

1.00 (Io2>>)

- Off

Current measurement
input. NOTE! Do not
use the calculated
value which is only for
earth fault protection
purposes

Setting value

Definite operating
time

Compensation
selection

Trig the phasor
recording

Recording trigged
event

48

VAMP 24h support phone : [phone]

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VAMP Ltd Feeder and motor manager

Technical description

Measured and recorded values of capacitor bank
unbalance protection:

I02>, I02>> (50N/51N)

Parameter Value Unit Description
Measured

values

Display Io2>, Io2>> A Setting value Io2
Recorded

values

Io2, Io2 Pu unbalance current Io2

dIo A Compensated unbalance current

SCntr - Cumulative start counter
TCntr - Cumulative trip counter
Flt pu The max. fault value
EDly %

Isaved A

SavedA deg

Faults (Io2>>
only)

Total (Io2>>
only)

Clear (Io2>>
only)

L1-B1 (Io2>>
only)

L1-B2 (Io2>>
only)

L2-B1 (Io2>>
only)

L2-B2 (Io2>>
only)

L3-B1 (Io2>>
only)

L3-B2 (Io2>>
only)

Locat (Io2>>
only)

LocAng
(Io2>> only)

-

-

-, Clear - Clear the element counters

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

VAMP 257

(including the natural unbalance
current)

Elapsed time as compared to the
set operating time; 100% =
tripping

Recorded natural unbalance
current

Recorded phase angle of natural
unbalance current

Allowed number of element
failures

Actual number of element
failures in the bank

Number of element failures in
phase L1 in brach 1 (left side)

Number of element failures in
phase L1 in brach 2 (right side)

Number of element failures in
phase L2 in brach 1 (left side)

Number of element failures in
phase L2 in brach 2 (right side)

Number of element failures in
phase L3 in brach 1 (left side)

Number of element failures in
phase L3 in brach 2 (right side)

Changed unbalance current
(after automatic compensation)

Changed phase angle of the
unbalance current (after
automatic compensation)

2.3.14. Residual voltage protection (59N)

The residual voltage function comprises two separately adjust­table residual voltage stages (stage U0> and U0>>).

The residual voltage function measures the fundamental
frequency component of the residual voltage. This means that
harmonics will not cause a trip. The protection stages operate
with definite time characteristics.

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Technical description

The function starts if the actual value for the residual voltage
exceeds the setting value. If the overvoltage situation continues
after the start delay has elapsed, the function trips.

The residual voltage is either measured with voltage
transformers (e.g. broken delta connection) or calculated from
the phase voltages according to the selected protection mode:

• Phase: the residual voltage is calculated from the phase

voltages and therefore a separate residual voltage
transformer is not needed. The setting values are relative to
the VT secondary voltage (U

• 2 Line+U

/ 2 side+U0: the residual voltage is measured

0

with voltage transformers (e.g. a broken delta connection).
The setting values are relative to the VT0 secondary voltage
(U

) defined in the configuration.

0sec

• 3 side: the residual voltage not available

VAMP Ltd

) defined in the configuration.

sec

Figure 2.3.14-1. Block diagram of the residual voltage stages U0> and U0>>

Setting parameters of residual voltage protection stages:

U0>, U0>>, (59N)

Parameter Value Unit Default Description
Uo>, Uo>> 1.0 … 60 % Uon 10 (Uo>)

20 (Uo>>)

t>, t>> 0.3 … 300.0 s 2.0 (t>)

0.5 (t>>)

ReleaseDly s

S_On

S_Off

T_On

T_Off

Enabled;
Disabled

Enabled;
Disabled

Enabled;
Disabled

Enabled;
Disabled

- Enabled Start on event

- Enabled Start off event

- Enabled Trip on event

- Enabled Trip off event

Setting value

Definite operation time

Release delay [s] (only
Uo>)

50

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Measured and recorded values of residual voltage
protection stages:

U0>, U0>>, (59N)

Parameter Value Unit Description
Measured

value
Recorded

values

Uo>, Uo>> V

SCntr Start counter (Start) reading
TCntr Trip counter (Trip) reading
Flt %Uo The max. fault value
EDly %

Residual voltage Uo as
primary value

Elapsed time as compared to
the set operating time; 100% =
tripping

2.3.15. Thermal overload protection (49)

The thermal overload function protects the line or protective
object against thermal overload. The measuring is based on the
RMS (Root Mean Square) value of the phase currents from
which the heating of the cable to be protected is calculated.
Thermal stress can be supervised by means of a thermal image.
The thermal image can be calculated from the standard heating
expression according to IEC 60255-8:

22

II

−

t

ln

⋅=

τ

p

where,

22

)(

IkI

⋅−

n

VAMP 257

= heating time constant (cooling)

τ

ln = natural logarithm
I =

Ip =

k = thermal overload factor (setting value of T>)

I

= rated current

n

measured phase current (the max. value of three phase
currents)

preload current (corresponds to the heating level
reached)

k x I

= steady-state current which corresponds to the

n

setting value of T> (the thermal trip)

The heating time constant (tau [

τ]) and the load current factor

(k) corresponding to the maximum thermal load are settable.
The factor k defines the load current value which, when

exceeded, results in a thermal trip.
The cooling time constant of the thermal overload protection is

the same as the heating time constant. Cooling time constant is
available only in motor protection mode.

The thermal overload stage is provided with a separately
settable alarm function, the setting range of which is from 60 to
99% of the thermal trip level.

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Technical description

Figure 2.3.15-1. Thermal overload protection

Setting parameters of thermal overload protection:

T> (49)

Parameter Value Unit Default Description
T> 0.50 … 1.20 xImode 1.06 Setting value T> (=k x In)
Alarm 60 … 99 % 90 Alarm setting T>
Tau 2 … 60 min 60

Tau2 1 … 10 xTau 1

I

MAX40

I

MAX70

S_On

S_Off

T_On

T_Off

0.7 … 1.2 xImode 1

0.5 … 1 xImode 0.78

Enabled;
Disabled

Enabled;
Disabled

Enabled;
Disabled

Enabled;
Disabled

- Enabled Start on event

- Enabled Start off event

- Enabled Trip on event

- Enabled Trip off event

VAMP Ltd

Heating/cooling time
constant

Cooling time multiplier for
Tau

Relative allowed overload
when Θ

Relative allowed overload
when Θ

is +40 °C

AMB

is +70 °C

AMB

52

NOTE! Setting the values of I

motor protection mode.

Measured and recorded values of thermal overload
protection:

T> (49)

Parameter Value Unit Description
Measured

value
Display T> A Setting value T>

values

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T % Temperature rise

SCntr Cumulative start counter Recorded
TCntr Cumulative trip counter

MAX40

, I

MAX70

and Tau2 is possible only in

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τ

τ

Technical description

k



1.20

1.10

1.00

k

40

0.90

0.80

k

0

0.70

0.60

20 30 50 7010

40

60

Figure 2.3.15-2. Ambient temperature correction of the thermal overload
stage T>.

NOTE! Ambient temperature correction is only available in motor

protection mode.

Ambient temperature correction for the maximum allowed
continuous current used by the thermal overload stage. The
slope is defined by the user giving the relative motor currents
at ambient temperatures +40 °C and +70 °C. The default
values are I

= 100% and I

MAX40

MAX70

The device is updating the thermal image continuously. If the
calculated temperature exceeds the given alarm limit Θ
the stage gives out a start signal. When the temperature
exceeds the trip level Θ

the stage activates the trip signal.

TRIP

The start and trip signals are controlling the output relays via
the user configured output relay matrix. The start signal is not
released until the temperature is Θ
temperature dead band

Θ

DEADBAND

Whenever the current is below I
be stopped and a longer time constant is used for modeling the
temperature. The maximum current for a stopped motor Istop
is 10 % x Imot.

80

(°C)

AMB

= 78%.

DEADBAND

is 10 % x Θ

the motor is supposed to

STOP

below Θ

.

TRIP

VAMP 257

ALARM

. The

MAX

NOTE! If the motor manufacturer gives a t6x value instead of τ, the τ

can be calculated using Equation 2.3.15-1 assuming that the
t6x is given for a motor in normal operating temperature. If the
t6x is given for a cold motor then Equation 2.3.15-2 should be
used.

Equation 2.3.15-1

t

71⋅=

X

6

Equation 2.3.15-2

t

5.35 ⋅=

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X

6

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VAMP 257 Feeder and motor manager

Technical description

2.3.16. Auto-reclose function (79)

The auto-reclose (AR) matrix in the following Figure 2.3.16-1
describes the start and trip signals forwarded to the auto­reclose function.

Figure 2.3.16-1. Auto-reclose matrix

VAMP Ltd

The AR matrix above defines which signals (the start and trip
signals from protection stages or digital input) are forwarded to
the auto-reclose function. In the AR function, the AR signals
can be configured to initiate the reclose sequence. Each shot
from 1 to 5 has its own enabled/disabled flag. If more than one
AR signal activates at the same time, AR1 has highest priority
and AR4 the lowest. Each AR signal has an independent start
delay for the shot 1. If a higher priority AR signal activates
during the start delay, the start delay setting will be changed
to that of the highest priority AR signal.

After the start delay the circuit-breaker (CB) will be opened if
it is closed. When the CB opens, a dead time timer is started.
Each shot from 1 to 5 has its own dead time setting.

After the dead time the CB will be closed and a discrimination
time timer is started. Each shot from 1 to 5 has its own
discrimination time setting. If a critical signal is activated
during the discrimination time, the AR function makes a final
trip. The CB will then open and the AR sequence is locked.
Closing the CB manually clears the “locked” state.

After the discrimination time has elapsed, the reclaim time
timer starts. If any AR signal is activated during the reclaim
time or the discrimination time, the AR function moves to the
next shot. The reclaim time setting is common for every shot.

54

If the reclaim time runs out, the auto-reclose sequence is
successfully executed and the AR function moves to ready ­state and waits for a new AR request in shot 1.

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A trip signal from the protection stage can be used as a backup.
Configure the start signal of the protection stage to initiate the
AR function. If something fails in the AR function, the trip
signal of the protection stage will open the CB. The delay
setting for the protection stage should be longer than the AR
start delay and discrimination time.

If a critical signal is used to interrupt an AR sequence, the
discrimination time setting should be long enough for the
critical stage, usually at least 100 ms.

Setting parameters of AR function:

Parameter Value Unit Default Description
ARena ARon; ARoff - ARon

Block

AR_DI

AR2grp ARon; ARoff - ARon

ReclT 0.02 … 300.00 s 10.00

ARreq On; Off - Off AR request event
ShotS On; Off - Off AR shot start event
ARlock On; Off - Off AR locked event
CritAr On; Off - Off AR critical signal event
ARrun On; Off - Off AR running event
FinTrp On; Off - Off AR final trip event
ReqEnd On; Off - Off AR end of request event
ShtEnd On; Off - Off AR end of shot event
CriEnd On; Off - Off AR end of critical signal event
ARUnl On; Off - Off AR release event
ARStop On; Off - Off AR stopped event
FTrEnd On; Off - Off AR final trip ready event
ARon On; Off - Off AR enabled event
ARoff On; Off - Off AR disabled event
CRITri On; Off - On AR critical final trip on event
AR1Tri On; Off - On AR AR1 final trip on event
AR2Tri On; Off - On AR AR2 final trip on event
AR3Tri On; Off - On AR AR3 final trip on event
AR4Tri On; Off - On AR AR4 final trip on event
CRITri On; Off - On AR critical final trip off event
AR1Tri On; Off - On AR AR1 final trip off event
AR2Tri On; Off - On AR AR2 final trip off event
AR3Tri On; Off - On AR AR3 final trip off event
AR4Tri On; Off - On AR AR4 final trip off event

DI1; DI2;
…DI32; none

DI1; DI2;
…DI32; none

- -

- -

VAMP 257

Enabling/disabling the
autoreclose

The digital input for block
information. This can be used,
for example, for Synchrocheck.

The digital input for toggling
the ARena parameter

Enabling/disabling the
autoreclose for group 2

Reclaim time setting. This is
common for all the shots.

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Shot settings
Parameter Value Unit Default Description
DeadT 0.02 … 300.00 s 5.00

AR1 On; Off - Off

AR2 On; Off - Off

AR3 On; Off - Off

AR4 On; Off - Off

Start1 0.02 … 300.00 s 0.02

Start2 0.02 … 300.00 s 0.02

Start3 0.02 … 300.00 s 0.02

Start4 0.02 … 300.00 s 0.02

Discr1 0.02 … 300.00 s 0.02

Discr2 0.02 … 300.00 s 0.02

Discr3 0.02 … 300.00 s 0.02

Discr4 0.02 … 300.00 s 0.02

VAMP Ltd

The dead time setting for this
shot. This is a common setting
for all the AR lines in this shot

Indicates if this AR signal
starts this shot

Indicates if this AR signal
starts this shot

Indicates if this AR signal
starts this shot

Indicates if this AR signal
starts this shot

AR1 Start delay setting for this
shot

AR2 Start delay setting for this
shot

AR3 Start delay setting for this
shot

AR4 Start delay setting for this
shot

AR1 Discrimination time
setting for this shot

AR2 Discrimination time
setting for this shot

AR3 Discrimination time
setting for this shot

AR4 Discrimination time
setting for this shot

Measured and recorded values of AR function:

Parameter Value Unit Description
Measured

or
recorded
values

Obj1 UNDEFINED;

OPEN;
CLOSE;
OPEN_REQUEST;
CLOSE_REQUEST;
READY;
NOT_READY;
INFO_NOT_AVAILABLE;
FAIL

Status INIT;

RECLAIM_TIME;
READY;
WAIT_CB_OPEN;
WAIT_CB_CLOSE;
DISCRIMINATION_TIME;
LOCKED;
FINAL_TRIP;
CB_FAIL;
INHIBIT

-

Object 1
state

-

AR-function
state

56

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Parameter Value Unit Description

Measured
or
recorded
values

*) There are 5 counters available for each one of the four AR signals.

Shot# 1 … 5 -

ReclT RECLAIMTIME;

STARTTIME;
DEADTIME;
DISCRIMINATIONTIME

SCntr -

Fail -

Shot1 * -

Shot2 * -

Shot3 * -

Shot4 * -

Shot5 * -

The
currently
running shot

-

The
currently
running time
(or last
executed)

Total start
counter

The counter
for failed AR
shots

Shot1 start
counter

Shot2 start
counter

Shot3 start
counter

Shot4 start
counter

Shot5 start
counter

VAMP 257

time

Reclaim

time2

8910

AR signals

Discrimination

I> setting

Current

Open CB

Close CB

CBclose state

CBopen state

Start delay1

123

Dead Time1

4

time1

Discrimination

5

Dead Time2

7

6

Figure 2.3.16-2. Example sequence of two shots. After shot 2 the fault is
cleared.

1. Current exceeds the I> setting; the start delay from shot 1

starts.

2. After the start delay, an OpenCB relay output closes.

3. A CB opens. The dead time from shot 1 starts, and the

OpenCB relay output opens.

4. The dead time from shot 1 runs out; a CloseCB output

relay closes.

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5. The CB closes. The CloseCB output relay opens, and the

discrimination time from shot 1 starts. The current is still
over the I> setting.

6. The discrimination time from the shot 1 runs out; the

OpenCB relay output closes.

7. The CB opens. The dead time from shot 2 starts, and the

OpenCB relay output opens.

8. The dead time from shot 2 runs out; the CloseCB output

relay closes.

9. The CB closes. The CloseCB output relay opens, and the

discrimination time from shot 2 starts. The current is now
under I> setting.

10. Reclaim time starts. After the reclaim time the AR

sequence is successfully executed. The AR function moves
to wait for a new AR request in shot 1.

2.3.17. Overvoltage protection (59)

VAMP Ltd

The three-phase overvoltage function consists of three
separately adjustable overvoltage stages (stage U>, U>> and

U>>>).
The overvoltage function measures the fundamental frequency

component of the line voltages. The protection stages operate
with definite time characteristics.

The function starts if the actual value of any phase exceeds the
setting value. If an overvoltage situation continues after the
operation time has elapsed, the function trips.

The overvoltage stages have a fixed start delay. If a delayed
alarm about a voltage fault is required, a settable start delay
and trip time can be obtained by combining two stages. See
Figure 2.3.17-1. Both the stages detect the overvoltage, but the
start signals are ignored. The trip signal of stage U> is used as
an alarm signal, and the trip information from stage U>> is
used for the actual trip. The overvoltage setting value for stage
U>> has to be higher than the setting value for stage U> to
ensure an alarm before trip.

Overvoltage fault

58

U> start

U> trip

U>> start

U>> trip

Figure 2.3.17-1. Settable start delay is obtained by combining two protection
stages

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ALARM

TRIP

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