Uninterruptible Power Supplies PowerWAVE 1000 User Manual

P

owerWAVE 1000

4.5 kVA to 10 kVA Single Phase Models
User Manual

UPS725-02-02 PowerWave 1000 (4.5 - 10 kVA) User Manual UK Dated 13/03/15

Document Control

ISSUE DATE REVISION SUMMARY

725-02-00 05/08/14 Manual revised and issued as 725-02-00

725-02-01 03/11/14 Updated rack mounting procedure

725-02-02 13/03/15 Updated front cover to show Single Phase Output UPS

UPS725-02-02 PowerWave 1000 (4.5 - 10 kVA) User Manual UK Dated 13/03/15

Uninterruptible Power Supplies Ltd has taken every precaution to
produce an accurate, complete and easy to understand manual
and will therefore assume no responsibility nor liability for direct,
indirect or accidental personal or material damage due to any mis­interpretation of or accidental mistakes in this manual.

© 2015 Uninterruptible Power Supplies Ltd
This manual may not be copied nor reproduced without written
permission of Uninterruptible Power Supplies Ltd.

UPS725-02-02 PowerWave 1000 (4.5 - 10 kVA) User Manual UK Dated 13/03/15 I

Table of Contents

1 Safety

1.1 Description of the safety symbols used in this manual 1

1.2 User precautions 1

1.3 Important safety notes 2

1.4 Storage instructions 2

1.5 Terminology 3

2 General Description

2.1 Introduction 4

2.2 PowerWave 1000 Model range 5

2.3 Functional description of operation 5

2.3.1 UPS Internal operation 6

2.3.2 UPS Module operating modes 7

2.3.3 Parallel system operation 9

2.4 Operator control panel 11

2.4.1 LED Indicators 11

2.4.2 Operator keypad 12

2.4.3 LCD Display 12

2.5 UPS Enclosure rear panel 14

2.5.1 Communication options 15

2.6 Battery enclosure rear panel 15

2.7 Warranty 16

2.7.1 Extended warranty 16

2.7.2 Additional service/maintenance support 16

2.8 Extended Service enquiry form 17

3 Installation and Set-up

3.1 Unpacking the UPS equipment 18

3.2 Selecting a suitable installation location 18

3.2.1 Clearances 19

3.3 Tower hardware configuration set-up 20

3.4 Rack configuration set-up 22

3.4.1 Installing the adjustable mounting rails 22

3.5 Electrical Wiring 25

3.5.1 Power cables 25

3.5.2 Parallel control cables 27

3.6 Commissioning procedure (single module system) 28

3.6.1 Initial UPS power-up 29

3.7 Commissioning procedure (parallel module system) 30

3.7.1 Independent set-up of each UPS module 30

3.7.2 Output voltage calibration 32

3.7.3 Configuring each UPS module for parallel operation 32

3.7.4 Parallel system testing 33

3.8 UPS Setting Tool 34

3.8.1 Establishing communication 35

:

II UPS725-02-02 PowerWave 1000 (4.5 - 10 kVA) User Manual UK Dated 13/03/15

3.8.2 Generating a UPS profile and data file 35

3.8.3 Setting up the basic UPS operating parameters 36

3.8.4 Output voltage calibration 36

3.8.5 Managing the UPS data file 37

4 Single Module Operating Procedures

4.1 Single module start-up procedures 38

4.1.1 Normal start-up (utility available) 38

4.1.2 Start-up on battery mode (cold start) 39

4.2 Operator control functions 40

4.2.1 Using the LCD metering function 40

4.2.2 Enable/disable the audible alarm 41

4.2.3 Battery test 41

4.3 Shutdown procedures 42

4.3.1 Normal shutdown (with mains available) 42

4.3.2 UPS shutdown when on battery 42

4.4 Manual load transfer between inverter and bypass 43

4.4.1 Transferring the load from the UPS inverter to the internal bypass 43

4.4.2 Transferring the load from the static bypass back to the UPS inverter 43

5 Parallel UPS System Operating Procedures

5.1 System start-up procedure 44

5.2 Shutdown procedure 46

5.3 Manual load transfer between inverter and bypass 46

5.3.1 Transferring the load from the UPS inverter to the internal bypass 46

5.3.2 Transferring the load from the static bypass back to the UPS inverter 47

6 Maintenance

6.1 Battery replacement 48

7 Troubleshooting

7.1 Introduction 49

7.2 Error codes 49

7.2.1 Audible alarm interpretation aids 50

7.3 Troubleshooting a fault condition 50

7.4 Troubleshooting an operational problem. 51

7.5 UPS Fault handling 51

7.5.1 UPS Overload 51

7.5.2 Output short circuit 51

7.5.3 Inverter/internal over-temperature 52

7.5.4 Inverter over-current and output voltage out of tolerance 52

8 Options

8.1 The importance of UPS management 53

8.2 WAVEMON shutdown and management software 53

8.2.1 Functional description 54

8.2.2 Licensing 54

8.3 SNMP adapters 55

8.4 AS400 (dry contact) card 55

8.5 USE (USB) card 56

8.6 R2E (second RS-232) card 56

9 Specification

UPS725-02-02 PowerWave 1000 (4.5 - 10 kVA) User Manual UK Dated 13/03/15 1

1: Safety

1.1 Description of the safety symbols used in this manual

1.2 User precautions

1

Safety

WARNING: The warning symbol is used where there is danger of an electrical shock, equipment damage or

personal-injury.

CAUTION: The caution symbol is used to highlight important information to avoid possible equipment
malfunction or damage.

WARNING: Ensure you read and understand all the safety and hazard warnings contained in this manual
before you begin to install this equipment.

WARNING: Keep this manual with the UPS for future reference.

WARNING: The UPS and peripheral equipment must be installed by a suitably qualified engineer who is aware

of the potential shock hazards.

WARNING: Before it is put into service, this UPS must be set-up and commissioned by a suitably qualified
engineer in accordance with the procedures contained in Chapter 3.

WARNING: This UPS does not contain any user-serviceable parts. If the UPS develops a fault it must be
repaired by a trained engineer.
You run risk of exposure to dangerous voltages if you open UPS-covers!
Uninterruptible Power Supplies Ltd will assume no responsibility or liability for accidents or injuries due to
incorrect operation or manipulation of the UPS or peripheral equipment.

CAUTION: The PowerWave 1000 is a Class A UPS product (according to EN 62040-3).
In a domestic environment the UPS may cause radio interferen ce and the user may be required to undertake
additional measures.

1: Safety

2 UPS725-02-02 PowerWave 1000 (4.5 - 10 kVA) User Manual UK Dated 13/03/15

1.3 Important safety notes

Although the PowerWave 1000 UPS was designed for simple installation, it must be installed by a suitably qualified
service specialist. The UPS does not contain any user-serviceable parts, so if it malfunctions it must be serviced or
repaired by a trained engineer.

The UPS is equipped with an electromagnetic interference filter (EMI). It must be properly earthed at all times in order to
prevent excessive leakage currents.

To prevent the UPS from overheating, the UPS ventilation louvres on the UPS front panel must be kept free of
obstructions at all times. A space of at least 30 cm (12 in) should be provided at the back of the UPS to allow adequate
airflow from the ventilation fans.

The UPS is must be installed in a sheltered and controlled environment away from direct sunlight. The operating
temperature should be between 0-40°C with relative humidity of 30-90%, non-condensing.

Before installing the equipment you must check to ensure that the UPS input voltage stated on the UPS data-plate on the
back of the unit matches your local utility supply voltage.

The UPS warranty will be rendered void, and the manufacturer reserves the right to refuse replacement or compensation
in the following events:

• Accidental damage to the UPS.

• Ingress of liquids or foreign bodies.

• Damage or malfunction due to installing the UPS in an environment that fail to meet the conditions specified in this
manual.

• Damage or malfunction due to improper installation, configuration or maintenance carried out by an unauthorised
person.

1.4 Storage instructions

If you intend to store the UPS for an extended period, in a moderate climate, the batteries should be charged for 12 hours
every 3 months by connecting the UPS to the utility supply. If the ambient temperature at the storage location is above
30°C, this should be carried out every 2 months.

CAUTION: Please read the following notes carefully prior to installation.

CAUTION: Always switch off the UPS before moving it.

UPS725-02-02 PowerWave 1000 (4.5 - 10 kVA) User Manual UK Dated 13/03/15 3

1: Safety

1.5 Terminology

The following terms are used in this manual to described the UPS system components.

O

N

O

F

F

E

n

t

e

r

F

u

n

c

t

i

o

n

LINEUPS LOAD

V

A

%

Hz

C

LOW

?

1

2

E

C

O
N

+

1

UPS Enclosure

Battery Enclosure

}

UPS Module

or

Single Module System

O

N

O

F

F

E

n

t

e

r

F

u

n

c

t

i

o

n

LINEUPS LOAD

V

A

%

Hz

C

LOW

?

1

2

E

C

O
N

+

1

UPS Module 1

O

N

O

F

F

E

n

t

e

r

F

u

n

c

t

i

o

n

LINEUPS LOAD

V

A

%

Hz

C

LOW

?

1

2

E

C

O
N

+

1

UPS Module 2

O

N

O

F

F

E

n

t

e

r

F

u

n

c

t

i

o

n

LINEUPS LOAD

V

A

%

Hz

C

LOW

?

1

2

E

C

O
N

+

1

UPS Module 3

O

N

O

F

F

E

n

t

e

r

F

u

n

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t

i

o

n

LINEUPS LOAD

V

A

%

Hz

C

LOW

?

1

2

E

C

O
N

+

1

UPS Module 4

Multi-Module System

or

Parallel System

2: General Description

4 UPS725-02-02 PowerWave 1000 (4.5 - 10 kVA) User Manual UK Dated 13/03/15

2.1 Introduction

Congratulations on your purchase of the PowerWave 1000 UPS.

High reliability, low operating cost and excellent electrical performance are just some of the highlights of this innovative
UPS solution.

By employing the latest technological developments in power engineering, the PowerWave 1000 represents a new
generation of transformerless UPS-System. Its advanced double conversion Voltage and Frequency Independent (VFI)
topology responds fully to both the highest availability, and environmentally friendly requirements, compliant with IEC
62040-3 (VFI-SS-111) standards. A full UPS specification is shown in chapter 9 of this manual.

Uninterruptible Power Supplies Ltd specialises in the installation and maintenance of Uninterruptible Power Systems; and
this powerful UPS is just one example of our wide range of state-of-the-art power protection devices that will provide your
critical equipment with a steady and reliable power supply for many years to come.

The PowerWave 1000 key features include:

• High-frequency transformerless technology with a rack/tower-compatible enclosure which permits the integration of
the UPS even under the most challenging space constraints.

• Up to four PowerWave 1000 UPS modules can be configured to operate as a parallel system, with designed
module redundancy to further enhance the overall system reliability.

• ‘OFF LINE’ (ECO) operating mode is available to reduce running costs of suitable applications.

• User friendly design that permits simple and trouble-free installation.

• The use of maintenance-free batteries reduces the need for after-sales service.

• True on-line technology continuously supplies your critical applications with stable, regulated, transient-free, pure
sine-wave AC power.

• Highly efficient PWM sine-wave technology yields excellent UPS efficiency. The high crest factor of the inverter
means that it can handle loads with peak inrush current characteristics and so avoids a need to upgrade to a UPS
with a higher power rating.

• Compliance with stringent international standards for electromagnetic interference & protection.

• Inbuilt frequency changer capabilities that can be selected for 50/60 Hz or 60/50 Hz input/output frequency
operation (single module installation only).

• Fully digitized control logic for better functionality and high quality output power supply. Digital signal processing
(DSP) also provides an efficient communication capability that facilitates flexible remote control and monitoring
options.

• An active input power factor correction (PFC) control function that produces in an input power factor (PF) of +0.99,
resulting in outstanding energy efficiency.

• Operation over a wide range of input voltages. The UPS will operate normally with a utility supply of 160V~288V
without draining the battery – which extends the battery service life.

• A DC-start function permits the UPS to be started during a utility power failure if required.

• A revolutionary battery management circuit continuously analyses the battery status during discharge and adjusts
the battery cut-off point accordingly – which once again maximises the battery service life.

• A selectable bypass voltage tolerance (low/high sensitivity) can be used to restrict the range of voltages that can
be applied to the load when the UPS operates on bypass.
The selectable voltage ranges are 184V~260V (low sensitivity) and 194V~260V (high sensitivity).

2

General Description

UPS725-02-02 PowerWave 1000 (4.5 - 10 kVA) User Manual UK Dated 13/03/15 5

2: General Description

• A range of UPS output voltages (200/208/220/230/240V) can be selected to suit the local supply or specific load
voltage requirements.

• An overload detection system automatically switches the UPS output from its inverter to an internal bypass in the
event of an overload that exceeds the rated inverter capacity; and automatically switches back to the inverter mode
once the overload condition clears.

• An output short-circuit detection circuit turns off the UPS and disconnects its output supply until the cause of the
short circuit is manually remedied.

2.2 PowerWave 1000 Model range

The PowerWave 1000 UPS range compromises 4.5 kVA, 6 kVA, 8kVA and 10 kVA models, each of which comprises two
matching enclosures. The main UPS enclosure contains the major UPS power components, including a rectifier, battery
charger, inverter and static switch; and the second enclosure contains the UPS battery pack.

The enclosures can be configured as a floor-standing tower unit, or installed in a standard 19" rack. An accessory pack
containing all the parts necessary to prepare the enclosures for either type of installation is supplied with the UPS.

When installed as a tower system, the UPS and battery enclosures are mechanically attached together to form a single
unit. For 19" rack mounting it is usual to fit the UPS system near the bottom of a rack with the UPS enclosure mounted
immediately above the battery enclosure – see chapter 3 (Installation) for mechanical configuration details.

Optional equipment, designed to enhance the overall UPS installation, include a matching extended battery enclosure, an
external (maintenance) bypass enclosure and an isolation transformer.

The PowerWave 1000 UPS module can be operated as a stand-alone UPS, or up to four modules can be connected in
parallel and configured to operate as a multi-module UPS system. A multi-module configuration is generally chosen either
to increase a system’s total output power capacity or to increase the system’s overall reliability by providing module
redundancy.

In this manual the terms ‘multi-module system’ and ‘parallel system’ are synonymous.

2.3 Functional description of operation

This section describes:

• The internal operation of an individual UPS module (see paragraph 2.3.1).

• The UPS operational modes (see paragraph 2.3.2).

• Multi-module system operation and paralleling considerations (see paragraph 2.3.3).

PW1000/4.5 PW1000/6.0 PW1000/8.0 PW1000/10.0

Maximum output power kVA

(kW)

4.5

(4.05)

6.0

(5.4)

8.0

(7.2)

10.0
(9.0)

Dimensions (with batteries) (WxHxD) mm 222 x 445 x 680 222 x 445 x 680 267 x 445 x 680 267 x 445 x 680

19" rack mounting space (2U+3U) x 680 (2U+3U) x 680 (3U+3U) x 680 (3U+3U) x 680

Weight (with standard batteries) kg 85 85 92 92

Sound level dBA 50 50 50 50

Key Point: All the UPS modules connected to a parallel system must be of the same model type and power
rating.

2: General Description

6 UPS725-02-02 PowerWave 1000 (4.5 - 10 kVA) User Manual UK Dated 13/03/15

2.3.1 UPS Internal operation

Figure 2.1 UPS Functional block diagram

EMI Filters

The UPS has an input and output EMI filter to reduce the effects of any electromagnetic noise generated by the UPS – i.e.
reduces external radio interference.

Battery charger

A multi-stage battery charger is powered from the utility mains input supply and charges the battery whenever the input
supply is available. The charger uses an intelligent charging profile to obtain the best battery charge/discharge
performance and thereby optimise the battery life.

AC/DC Converter

As its name suggests, the AC/DC Converter converts the utility mains input into a controlled DC power supply that is
suitable for use by the inverter. The converter uses leading-edge switched-mode techniques which produces an input
power factor of almost unity over its operating range (0.99 at full rated linear load) and thereby maximises the UPS input
efficiency. The converter can satisfy the inverter DC power demands over a utility input voltage range of between
160V~288V, which means that the battery is not called upon even during substantial power dips (brownouts), once again
maximising battery life and availability.

DC/DC Boost converter

In times of utility mains failure, the AC/DC converter shuts down and it is no longer able to power the inverter. Under these
circumstances, the inverter input power is provided by the battery via the DC/DC boost converter, which now turns on to
increase the battery voltage to the level that required by the inverter to continue its normal operation. The DC/DC
converter provides a regulated DC output as the battery voltage decays during battery discharge, and includes voltage
and current monitoring, and overload protection.

DC/AC Inverter

The inverter converts the DC input voltage connected to its input (from either the utility mains supply via the AC/DC
converter, or from the battery via the DC/DC converter) into a regulated AC output voltage suitable to power the connected
load equipment. The control logic associated with this power block is substantial, and in addition to the output voltage
regulation, it provides various levels of overload protection, frequency regulation and synchronisation, and output voltage
error detection.

Static switch

The static switch provides a means of connecting the UPS AC output (load supply) to either the inverter or to a static
bypass line, which is connected directly to the raw utility mains supply. The control logic within this power block will
transfer the load to the bypass supply in the event of overload or UPS (inverter) malfunction. Note that a controlled (no­break) transfer can take place only if the inverter output frequency and the static bypass line frequency are fully
synchronised.

EMI

EMI

AC/DC (PFC)
CONVERTER

DC/AC

INVERTER

STATIC

SWITCH

BATTERY

CHARGER

BATTERY

DC/DC BOOST
CONVER TER

Utility
Mains

Input

UPS AC
Output

Static Bypass Line

UPS725-02-02 PowerWave 1000 (4.5 - 10 kVA) User Manual UK Dated 13/03/15 7

2: General Description

2.3.2 UPS Module operating modes

Figure 2.2 Summary of UPS module operating modes

EMI

EMI

AC/DC (PFC)
CONVERTE R

DC/AC

INVERTER

STATIC

SWITCH

BATTERY

CHARGER

BATTERY

DC/DC BOOST
CONVE RTER

Utility
Mains

Input

UPS AC
Output

Stat ic Bypass Line

EMI

EMI

AC/DC (PFC)
CONVER TER

DC/AC

INVERTER

STATIC

SWITCH

BATTERY

CHARGER

BATTERY

DC/DC BOOST
CONVERTE R

Utility
Mains

Input

UPS AC
Output

Stat ic Bypass Line

EMI

EMI

AC/DC (PFC )
CONVERT ER

DC/AC

INVERTER

STATIC

SWITCH

BATTERY

CHARGER

BATTERY

DC/DC BOOST
CONVERT ER

Utility
Mains

Input

UPS AC
Output

Sta tic Bypa ss Line

EMI

EMI

AC/DC (PFC)

CONVER TER

DC/AC

INVERTER

STATIC

SWITCH

BATTERY

CHARGER

BATTERY

DC/DC BOOST
CONVERTE R

Utility
Mains

Input

UPS AC
Output

Sta tic Bypa ss Line

UPS ON-BATTERY Mode

This is the UPS mode of operation if the utility input
fails during normal (ON-LINE) operation:

The battery discharges through the DC/DC boost
converter which provides the DC power for the
inverter input.
The Inverter convert the DC supplied by the DC/DC
boost converter back into AC suitable for
connecting to the load.
The static switch connects the inverter output to the
UPS output (load) terminals.

UPS OFF

This is the state of the UPS when it is turned off
from the operator control panel – it is effectively
running in bypass mode. It also applies if the UPS
locks out due to a fault:

• If the utility supply is still available, the
battery charger will be live and maintain the
battery charging.

• UPS output has raw mains available.

UPS ON-LINE Mode

This is the UPS normal mode of operation:
The battery charger charges the battery.
The AC/DC converter processes the utility mains
input and turns it into controlled DC power for the
inverter input.
The inverter converts the DC supplied by the AC/
DC converter back into AC suitable for connecting
to the load.
The static switch connects the inverter output to
the UPS output (load) terminals.

UPS ON-BYPASS Mode

This is the ‘normal’ mode of operation if the UPS is
used in its ECO mode, otherwise this mode is
usually entered if the UPS has a fault or overload:

The battery is permanently charged as long as the
battery charger is still serviceable and able to
operate. (If the bypass transfer was due to a UPS
fault the battery charger might also have shut
down.)
The static switch connects the UPS output (load)
terminals directly to the raw utility mains via the
static bypass line.

2: General Description

8 UPS725-02-02 PowerWave 1000 (4.5 - 10 kVA) User Manual UK Dated 13/03/15

Paragraph 2.3.1 described the internal operation of an individual UPS module. However, as an operational unit the UPS
can be described as being in one of four modes – UPS OFF, ON-LINE, ON-BATTERY and ON-BYPASS – as illustrated in
Figure 2.2.

UPS systems are generally categorised as being either ‘On-line’ or ‘Off-line’ systems, and you can configure the
PowerWave 1000 to operate in either one. The difference between the two types of system are described below.

On-line UPS system operation

When used as an ‘on-line’ UPS the PowerWave 1000 is configured to normally operate in the ON-LINE mode, as shown
in Figure 2.2. In the event of a utility supply failure the UPS changes to its ON-BATTERY mode without affecting the UPS
output supply – i.e the changeover is totally transparent at the UPS output. The UPS then continues to provide its rated
output until the battery discharges to a low cut-off point, at which time the UPS will shut down in a controlled manner. An
alarm will warn that the battery is discharging to enable the operator to take any necessary intervention to protect the load
integrity.

During ON-LINE operation if the UPS experiences an inverter fault or overload condition the static switch transfers the
load to the static bypass line (ON-BYPASS mode) automatically and without interruption (transfer time = 0) provided the
inverter and bypass supplies are synchronised.

If the transfer is due to a UPS overload the static switch will transfer the load back to the inverter if the overload clears, and
the UPS will return to its normal ON-LINE mode of operation.

This system provides the highest degree of load protection, especially in the event of a utility mains disturbance or
complete failure; and we always recommended its use if the critical load (e.g. computer system) will not tolerate even very
brief supply interruption.

Off-line operation (single module installation only)

When the PowerWave 1000 is used as an ‘off-line’ UPS it is normally operated in its ON BYPASS mode (Figure 2.2), with
the load supplied via the static bypass line. However the AC/DC converter and battery charger are still powered up and
maintain battery charging, and the inverter section is turned on and operating on standby.

In the event of a static bypass supply error, the inverter is immediately brought on line and the load is transferred from the
static bypass to the inverter by the static switch within 3 to 5 milliseconds – so the UPS is now operating in its ON-LINE
mode. If the utility mains supply is unavailable when the transfer takes place, the UPS inverter will support the load
operating from its battery power (i.e. ON-BATTERY mode).

When the static bypass supply returns to normal, the load is re transferred back to the static bypass line and the inverter
returns to its standby operation.

Operating in this mode is slightly more energy efficient than operating in the on-line mode due to the reduced AC/DC
converter and inverter losses during normal system operation; and it is sometimes referred to as the “ECO” (economy)
mode. However this mode is recommended only if the connected load equipment can tolerate power interruptions of up to
3~5 ms during the transfer period.

Frequency changer operation (single module installation only)

In addition to the more normal on-line and off-line system operation, the PowerWave 1000 can also be used in a
‘frequency changer’ mode where the inverter output is produced at a different frequency to that of the utility supply – for
example 50 Hz utility mains input with 60 Hz UPS output, or vice versa.

When operating in this mode it is clearly not possible to switch the load between the inverter and bypass, so the bypass
side of the static switch is electronically disabled by the UPS control logic, which means that the static bypass line is not
available to assist clearing an overload. For this reason it is recommended that the UPS is operated to a maximum 75%
load capacity if the input voltage is 176~280 VAC and 50% if the input voltage range is set to 160-280 Vac.

WARNING: The on-line mode should always be used for critical load protection.

UPS725-02-02 PowerWave 1000 (4.5 - 10 kVA) User Manual UK Dated 13/03/15 9

2: General Description

2.3.3 Parallel system operation

Up to four PowerWave 1000 UPS modules can be connected in parallel for increased power capacity or redundancy
operation. A functional block diagram of a three module parallel system is shown in Figure 2.3.

A PowerWave 1000 UPS parallel system has a decentralised bypass architecture in that each UPS module contains its
own static switch and static bypass line. This eliminates the need for a separate bypass cabinet (as required by some
manufacturers’ systems) and so avoids a potential single point of failure.

In a multi-module parallel system, the topology and internal operation of each UPS module is identical to that described
previously for a stand-alone system. However, when operating as part of a parallel system it is critical that UPS control
functions such as load sharing, frequency synchronisation, and load transfer between UPS and bypass, are observed by
all the connected modules. In the PowerWave 1000 UPS system the ‘inter-module’ control functions are achieved using a
parallel control bus which takes the form of a ring network connected to all the modules in the system that allows the
modules to communicated with each other to properly share their control operation.

When a parallel system is installed, each module is assigned a numerical position within the parallel ring and the ‘first’
module is deemed to be the ‘master’ from which the other modules take their lead. If the ‘master’ module undergoes a
problem, or is shut down, the next highest available module in the ring will take over the ‘master’ role. This avoids a
potential single point of failure in the parallel chain and ensures the highest level of power availability.

Parallel system capacity expansion

Some applications present a low initial power demand which increases over time as the application grows; and it is
essential that the installed system can be expanded to meet the growing needs without compromising the existing load.
This situation is easily managed in a PowerWave 1000 parallel system installation which allows an additional module to be
connected to an existing parallel system (up to a maximum of four modules).

Module redundancy

If a system is designed with module redundancy it contains at least one UPS module over and above that necessary to
power the system’s connected load.

For example, if the system shown in Figure 2.3 comprises 3x10 kVA modules it could be employed as a redundant module
system for a load of up to 20 kVA. This means that under normal circumstances each module shares the load equally and
supplies up to 6.6 kVA; but if one module fails, or is taken off-line, the remaining two modules can sustain the full rated
load by each serving 10 kVA. The ability to lose one module yet still provided the rated load with processed, backed-up
power significantly increases the overall system reliability.

Note: If a parallel system is operating with a redundant module the

N+1

led will be fully illuminated on the all the module

control panels.

System-wide load transfer operation

All the UPS modules that are connected to the load in a parallel system must be in the same internal mode of operation at
all times – i.e. it is not permissible for one module to be operating in an ON-LINE mode with the remaining modules in an
ON-BYPASS mode, as such a situation would certainly damage the UPS modules.

Note: If any module in the system generates a

LOAD ON BYPASS

or

LOAD ON INVERTER

command it is signalled to all

the connected modules via the parallel control bus so they will all simultaneously switch to the

ON-BYPASS

mode or the

ON-LINE

mode (provided a sufficient number of modules are available) accordingly.

Key Point: All the UPS modules connected to a parallel system must be of the same model type and power
rating.

2: General Description

10 UPS725-02-02 PowerWave 1000 (4.5 - 10 kVA) User Manual UK Dated 13/03/15

.

Figure 2.3 PowerWave 1000 UPS Parallel system

Inter-module frequency synchronisation and load sharing

Using sensing signals passed over the parallel control bus, each UPS is able to compare its own frequency and output
current with that of its neighbouring modules and carry out fine adjustments to achieve balanced conditions.

Isolating a module from the system

As explained immediately above, if a parallel system is operating with module redundancy it is possible to isolate a module
from the system for service or repair without affecting the remaining modules, or load. But in order to do this safely, each
module should by connected to the utility mains through a dedicated input supply circuit breaker and each UPS output
should be similarly connected to the load via a dedicated output circuit breaker – as illustrated in Figure 2.3.

Once a module’s output circuit breaker is open there is no load power being drawn from its inverter and it can be shut
down in the normal way without affecting the remain on-line modules.

BATTERY

Module 1 Output

Dustribution

Panel

CB1

Sta tic Bypass Line

Loa d

Loa d

UPS1
O/P

UPS2
O/P

UPS3
O/P

Parallel control bus cables

AC/DC

CONVERTE R

PAR A LL EL

LOGI C

DC/AC

INVERTER

STATIC

SWITCH

CB

BATTERY

Module 2

CB2

Sta tic Bypass Line

AC/DC

CONVERTE R

PAR A LL EL

LOGI C

DC/AC

INVERTER

STATIC

SWITCH

BATTERY

Module 3

CB3

Sta tic Bypass Line

AC/DC

CONVERTE R

PAR A LL EL

LOGI C

DC/AC

INVERTER

STATIC

SWITCH

CB

Input

Supply

Pane l

CB1

Utility
Mains

Supply

CB2

CB3

UPS725-02-02 PowerWave 1000 (4.5 - 10 kVA) User Manual UK Dated 13/03/15 11

2: General Description

2.4 Operator control panel

The UPS is fully controlled from the operator control panel located on the front of the unit.

Figure 2.4 Operator control panel

2.4.1 LED Indicators

Input mains supply status

This led indicates that the utility mains voltage applied to the UPS input terminals is within the specified operating range
(168~288 VAC) and is therefore normally illuminated. The led flashes if the supply falls to within 120~168 VAC and
extinguishes altogether in the event of a total utility supply failure.

Bypass mains supply status

This indicates the state of the bypass mains supply. This supply is internally linked to the UPS input supply terminals in
the 4.5 kVA, 6 kVA and 8 kVA models and this indicator will therefore reflect the utility supply status indication above;
however in the 10 kVA the UPS bypass terminals are optional connected to a dedicated bypass supply.

N+1 Redundancy status

Used in a parallel system only. This led is fully illuminated when the number of on-line UPS modules exceeds the number
required to power the existing load by at least one module – i.e. the system can afford to lose one module without having
to transfer the load to the bypass supply due to an overload.
The led brightness will dim if the load increases (or the number of on-line modules decreases) to the point where system
redundancy no longer exists.

ECO Mode

This led illuminates when the UPS is set to operate in the ECO mode, which is available on a single module installation
only.

UPS fault indication

This LED illuminates to indicate a fault condition within the UPS that needs attention.

1

2

E

C

O

N

+

1

O

N

O

F

F

E

n

t

e

r

F

u

n

c

t

i

o

n

LINE UPS LOAD

V

A

%

Hz

C

LOW

?

Led indicators

A row of leds indicate the UPS input and output
power status, together with a general fault
warning.

Alpha-numeric LCD Display

Provides indication of the UPS operating mode
together with the input, output, and battery supply
parameters. It also displays error messages and
UPS set-up data via a system of configuration
menus.

Operator Keypad

The keypad contains 6 keys that are used to
navigate through the UPS control menu system
and turn the UPS OFF/ON.

The user-friendly UPS control panel comprises three areas:

1

2

N

+

1

E

C

O

2: General Description

12 UPS725-02-02 PowerWave 1000 (4.5 - 10 kVA) User Manual UK Dated 13/03/15

2.4.2 Operator keypad

2.4.3 LCD Display

The LCD has three functional areas that can be broadly described as Warning Symbols, Mimic Diagram and a four digit
Alpha-numeric Display. Each of these areas are described individually below.

Figure 2.5 LCD Display

Four digit alpha-numeric display

The four digit alpha-numeric display provides a metering facility which can be selected to show the input voltage/
frequency, output voltage/frequency/load together with battery voltage and the internal enclosure temperature. Details of
the meter facilities are shown on page 40.

A variety of operating status and fault codes are also shown on the display, as described throughout this manual.

ON Button

This button is used to turn ON the UPS, silence the audible alarm, and activate certain other functions when used in
conjunction with other buttons (as described later in this chapter). To turn ON the UPS, the button must be held down
for approximately five seconds, until two audible beeps are heard.

OFF Button

To turn OFF the UPS, this button must be held down for approximately five seconds, until two audible beeps are
heard.

ENTER Button

The ENTER button is used to select a parameter from the UPS configuration setup menus.

UP (BACK) Button

This button is used to navigate UP through the UPS menus.

DOWN (NEXT) Button

During normal operation, this button is used to scroll through the metered parameters shown on the LCD display. It is
also used two navigate forward through the UPS configuration setup menus.

FUNCTION Button

This button is used to access the UPS configurations setup menus.

O

N

O

F

F

E

n

t

e

r

F

u

n

c

t

i

o

n

LINE UPS LOAD

V

A

%

Hz

C

LOW

?

Warning Sy mbols

Mimic Diagram

Alpha-numeric display

UPS725-02-02 PowerWave 1000 (4.5 - 10 kVA) User Manual UK Dated 13/03/15 13

2: General Description

Warning symbols

Mimic diagram

Figure 2.6 LCD Mimic diagram

Low battery:

This warning symbol appears if the battery voltage is low.

Battery fault:

This symbol indicates that there is a battery fault.

Overload:

This symbol indicates a UPS overload.

Supply fault:

This symbol indicates an input supply problem, such as reversed Line-Neutral.

Service mode:

This symbol indicated that the UPS is operating in Service mode.

Load transfer

Load transferred to bypass due to loss of UPS (inverter) output.

Bypass defective

Load unable to transfer to bypass, in ECO mode, due to defective bypass,.

Utility supply defective

Utility supply defective at the UPS input terminals.

UPS OFF

This mimic is displayed when the utility power is first applied to the UPS, or if the UPS is turned OFF due to
a fault. It shows that the battery is being charged from the utility (LINE) but the LOAD is isolated from the
UPS, and is therefore unpowered.

UPS ON

This mimic is displayed during normal UPS operation. It shows the battery being charged from the utility
(LINE) and the LOAD connected to the UPS output – and therefore being supplied with processed, backed­up power.

ON BATTERY MODE

This mimic is displayed if the utility supply fails. It shows the battery now providing the UPS and LOAD
power. The battery will sustain the UPS output until it is discharged, whereupon the UPS will shutdown.

LOAD ON BYPASS MODE

This mimic is displayed if the UPS develops a fault (or is overloaded), whereupon the load is transferred to
the bypass line and therefore connected directly to the unprotected utility supply (LINE). The battery will
remain on charge if the UPS charger is healthy.
The load can be manually switched from the UPS to Bypass by pressing the OFF button for approximately
5 seconds, or from the Bypass to UPS by pressing the ON button.

LOW

?

LINE UPS LOAD

LCD Mimic diagram

The LCD Mimic indicates the existing power flow through the UPS. The LINE, UPS, LOAD and
BATTERY symbols are permanently shown on screen and their interconnecting lines appear

depending on the UPS mode of operation – see below.

Note: the arrowheads shown in Figure 2.6 are used in conjunction with the LCD meter display to

identify the source of the meter indication.

LINE UPS LOAD

LINE UPS LOAD

LINE UPS LOAD

LINE UPS LOAD

2: General Description

14 UPS725-02-02 PowerWave 1000 (4.5 - 10 kVA) User Manual UK Dated 13/03/15

2.5 UPS Enclosure rear panel

Figure 2.7 UPS Enclosure rear panel detail

EPO

G

OFF

ON

S1

Ext Battery

OUTPUT

G2 N22 L22 G1 N1 L12

CB1

INPUT

EPO

G

OFF

ON

S1

Ext Battery

OUTPUT

OUTPUT

CB1

LL
NN

INPUT

INPUT

EPO

BREAKER

INPUT

BYPASS

BREAKER

INPUT

UTILITY

G

Battery

Ext

OFF

ON

S1

1

2

3

7

10

4.5 kVA

8.0 kVA

1 RS232 Port 6 Communication options slot (SNMOP etc)

2 Parallel termination resistor selection 7 Input supply circuit breaker

3 Parallel control (CAN) bus RJ45 ports 8 Bypass supply circuit breaker (10 kVA only)

4 Emergency Power Off terminal block 9 Input/Output power connection socket/TB

5 Cooling fans 10 Battery connection socket

46810

1

2

3

4 5

7

9

9

6

6.0 kVA
Models

10 kVA
Models

EPO

BREAKER

INPUT

UTILITY

G

Battery

Ext

OFF

ON

S1

OUTPUT

L21

L12

N22

N1

G2

G1

INPUT

1

2

3

7

10

4 5 9 6

46810

1

2

3

5 79

5

4.5 kVA

6.0 kVA
Models

8.0 kVA
10 kVA
Models

(socket)

(terminals)

(socket)

(terminals)