STARLOG
PROLOGGER
Hardware
Model 7001
Revision 33 Firmware
User Manual Revision A
6261 May, 1999
Copyright Notice
Copyright ©Unidata Australia 1999. All rights reserved. No part of this
publication may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval
system, or translated into any language or computer language, in any form or
by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, manual or
otherwise, without prior written permission of UNIDATA Australia, 40
Ladner St, O'Connor, Western Australia, 6163, Australia.
Printed in Australia.
IBM is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corp.
Contents
1 INTRODUCTION......................................1
1.1 How to Use this Supplement...........................1
2 PROLOGGER OVERVIEW .............................3
2.1 Programming Overview...............................4
2.2 How the PROLOGGER Operates .......................5
2.3 Input Signals........................................6
2.3.1 Instruments....................................6
2.4 Outputs ............................................6
2.5 Memory Capacity ....................................7
2.5.1 Log Size ......................................7
2.6 Status Indicators ....................................7
2.6.1 Battery Status LEDs.............................8
2.6.2 Scheme Status LEDs............................8
2.7 The Display and Keyboard ............................8
2.7.1 Keys Definition .................................9
2.8 Using the Keyboard and Display .......................9
2.8.1 Selecting a Display List and List Entry...............9
2.8.2 Auto Key Repeat ..............................10
2.8.3 Adjusting a Config Entry.........................10
2.8.4 Commands in the Config List .....................10
2.8.5 Using a PIN# (Password)........................10
2.8.6 Displaying the Scheme List ......................11
2.9 Differences with Model 7000 Macro Data logger..........12
2.9.1 Input Signals..................................12
3 SPECIFICATIONS ...................................14
4 POWER SUPPLY ....................................16
4.1 Internal Battery Pack ................................16
4.1.1 Battery Life ...................................16
4.1.2 Battery Pack Connections .......................17
4.1.3 Replacing a Battery Pack ........................18
4.1.4 Recharging NiCad Battery Pack...................18
4.2 External Power Supply ..............................19
4.2.1 Connecting an External Power Supply..............19
4.2.2 Recharging Batteries ...........................19
PROLOGGER Hardware
i
4.3 Battery Status Indicators.............................20
4.4 Monitoring Battery Voltage ...........................20
4.5 Flat Battery Shutdown ...............................20
4.5.1 Saving Memory ...............................21
4.5.2 Auxiliary Memory Back-up Battery .................21
4.6 Internal Battery Charger .............................21
4.7 Automatic Battery Type Detection .....................22
4.8 The Input Signals Connector Pin-out...................22
5 INSTALLATION & CONNECTION .......................23
5.1 Locating the logger .................................23
5.2 Instrument Connection ..............................23
5.2.1 Log Start Sense ...............................27
5.2.2 Analog Inputs .................................27
5.2.3 Counters and Digital Inputs ......................28
5.2.4 User Power Sources (UPS) ......................28
5.2.5 High Speed Serial Ports .........................28
5.3 SDI-12 Serial Digital Interface (optional) ................30
5.4 PROLOGGER Initialisation ...........................30
6 INTERNAL CHANNELS ...............................32
6.1 Battery Voltage Monitor (I2, Batt) ....................32
7 COMPUTER COMMUNICATION ........................33
7.1 Computer Connector Pin Designations.................34
7.2 Baud Rates ........................................34
7.3 Communications (STARLOG) Protocol .................35
7.3.1 Scan Synchronised RS-232 Communication.........35
7.3.2 Non-Synchronised RS-232 Communication (default) . . 36
7.3.3 PROLOGGER Requests (Commands) .............36
7.4 Sample Program....................................38
7.4.1 Simple Interrogation Example ....................38
8 PROGRAMMING THE PROLOGGER ....................40
8.1 Memory Layout.....................................40
8.2 Hardware Register Information........................41
8.2.1 PROLOGGER Memory Assignments...............41
8.2.2 Logger Scan Counter ...........................43
8.3 PROLOGGER - Program .............................43
8.3.1 PROLOGGER - Operation Sequence ..............43
8.3.2 PROLOGGER - Program Instructions ..............43
8.4 Typical instructions .................................44
UNIDATA
ii
8.5 Buffer Control Table.................................44
8.5.1 Buffer Format Convention .......................45
9 PROLOGGER CONFIGURATION TABLE.................47
9.1 Default Configuration Table ..........................47
9.2 Memory Layout and Protected Memory.................48
9.3 Configuration Table Layout...........................48
9.4 PROLOGGER Linear Calibration Correction .............49
9.5 Initialisation via the RS-232...........................50
9.6 Read/Write Protected Memory ........................50
10 TEST DIAGNOSTICS .................................51
10.1 Diagnostic.........................................51
10.1.1 Task Command List ............................52
A - OPERATING ERRORS ................................1
B - PROLOGGER REVISIONS .............................1
C - STARLOG PROTOCOL COMMAND LIST .................1
D - USING THE SDI-12 INTERFACE.........................1
PROLOGGER Hardware
iii
1 INTRODUCTION
The PROLOGGER is a battery powered data collection system manufactured
by UNIDATA. It is ideal for automatic data collection at remote, unmanned
locations. The PROLOGGER incorporates the latest advanced CMOS
technology and intelligent auto calibration techniques to provide a very
accurate, low cost, programmable data collection system.
Like other STARLOG products the PROLOGGER has a simple robust
construction, is battery-powered, is available at a low cost, and can be
universally applied.
The main features of the PROLOGGER are:
•
Large 512k battery protected storage area.
•
16 bit conversion resolution on all channels - analog and digital.
•
High impedance input channels with large 26 bit dynamic range down to
microvolt resolution.
•
GSM/Cellular and PSTN telemetry support.
•
SDI-12 communications bus.
•
Large four line LCD display.
The PROLOGGER provides an upgrade path for the Model 7000 Macro
logger. It supports all existing applications. The signal pin-out is the same and
existing field terminations can be used.
The PROLOGGER is designed to be operated with the Version 3 STARLOG
Software Support Package (Model 6301).
1.1 How to Use this Supplement
This supplement provides technical details for users of the PROLOGGER. It
is divided into several chapters. Each describes a different aspect of the
device. The appendices include information for advanced users.
PROLOGGER Hardware
INTRODUCTION 1
The chapters are:
PROLOGGER
Overview
Introduces the PROLOGGER and gives a brief summary of
its features and operation.
Specifications
Lists physical and performance specifications and explains
battery and memory capacity options.
Power Supply
Describes how to change battery packs, use an external
power supply and how to test and monitor the power
supply.
Installation &
Connection
Describes how to connect instruments to the logger and
initialising the logger.
Internal Channels
A listing and explanation of two special channels.
Computer
Communication
Lists the specifications for communication with a computer
and explains in detail the most common method of
interface.
PROLOGGER
Programming
Describes PROLOGGER programming techniques if you
intend to program your own logger.
PROLOGGER
Configuration Table
Describes how a PROLOGGER is configured - it identifies
and explains that particular part of memory and how it is
used.
Test Diagnostics
Explains how to use in-built diagnostic firmware to test and
calibrate the PROLOGGER.
UNIDATA
2 INTRODUCTION
2 PROLOGGER OVERVIEW
This chapter provides an overview of the PROLOGGER’s features, including
its programming and operation.
The PROLOGGER is a major design development in the STARLOG product
range. It has an expanded signal capacity and range, and is easier to program.
It offers 22 input channels, two high speed serial input/output busses and two
outputs. It also provides two power sources for external instruments. The
range of scan rates extends from 125 milliseconds to 5 minutes. See page 14
for a list of operational specifications.
PROLOGGER Hardware
PROLOGGER OVERVIEW 3
DB37 connector
for input signals
Four line sixteen
character display
Keypad
Battery LEDs
Scheme status
LEDs
Model and serial
number
DB25 RS232
comms connector
Front Panel Layout
Data and commands are transferred between the PROLOGGER and an IBM
or compatible computer using asynchronous RS-232 serial communications.
All set-up and adjustments associated with range and calibration are
performed in firmware. The PROLOGGER is fully programmable.
The PROLOGGER has a very low power consumption. It is supplied with an
internal battery with a typical life of one year. Data is stored in 512k of low
power CMOS RAM. An internal crystal-based clock provides accurate time
referencing of all recorded data and also controls the adjustable scan rate. The
logger’s only external connections are:
•
A connector (labelled INPUT SIGNALS) for instrument inputs, user
power supplies and controls.
•
A connector (labelled COMPUTER) used for communication with a
computer.
The PROLOGGER and its battery are housed in a small, robust, dustproof
enclosure. Exact hardware specifications are listed in Chapter 3.
2.1 Programming Overview
The PROLOGGER is a microprocessor based device designed to be
programmed using Unidata’s STARLOG Software Package (Version 3).
This package, designed to run on IBM PC or compatible computers, creates
and implements instructions that control the logger.
Through a series of windows , the STARLOG Software Package allows you
to define how and when the PROLOGGER records, what channels to record
and what signal types to measure. These definitions are compiled by the
package into a list of instructions to be interpreted by the PROLOGGER.
The PROLOGGER must be programmed before it will record/log or display
readings.
The STARLOG Software generates a set of instructions to program the
PROLOGGER. These instructions are explained in the STARLOG
Programmer’s Supplement (6201).
UNIDATA
4 PROLOGGER OVERVIEW
2.2 How the PROLOGGER Operates
The PROLOGGER must be “initialised” before it can be used. This is done
automatically when you load a scheme. Alternatively, you can manually
initialise the device (see PROLOGGER Initialisation on page 30). Note that
when delivered, the PROLOGGER is shutdown to conserve batteries. It must
be initialised before use.
The PROLOGGER switches on once per scan. You must specify the scan
rate. It performs three operations each time it is switched on: scanning,
inter-log analysis, and RS-232 comms check. It then switches off. This
sequence occurs every scan interval. It performs a fourth operation, logging,
at an interval you specify. These operations are described below.
n
Scanning
Scan rates, which can be from 125 milliseconds to 5 minutes, determine how
frequently the logger switches on. When it switches on, the logger scans its
input signals. These signals, called the hardware values, are recorded in the
PROLOGGER memory. The hardware values are updated in the logger
memory every scan.
n
Interlog Analysis
After scanning the input signals the logger program performs an inter-log
analysis of the hardware values, storing the analysed values in a different part
of the logger’s memory referred to as the Register. The inter-log analysis
includes: averaging and storing maximum, minimum and raw values. For
example, if a certain channel is programmed to store maximum values of its
input, the logger will check to see if the hardware value is higher than the
value already stored in the Register. If so, it will update the Register. If not,
then it changes nothing and goes to the next instruction. The Register is used
to store data between log intervals.
n
RS232 Comms
When the scan occurs at a log interval, the logger program records data found
in the Register into another part of its memory. Here, the data remains until
the logger is unloaded (or until the entire memory storage space is filled, then
earlier stored data may be overwritten when recent data is logged).
PROLOGGER Hardware
PROLOGGER OVERVIEW 5
2.3 Input Signals
The PROLOGGER has 22 channels for input signals. These are divided into:
•
Sixteen analog channels with 16-bit resolution. These can be in any
combination of up to 16 single-ended or 8 differential voltage inputs ,
These channels accept signals from ±5 millivolts full-scale to ±5.00 volts
full-scale.
•
Two high speed serial ports (bi-directional synchronous, eight 16 bit
channels on each).
•
Four counter input channels (16-bit resolution).
•
Two sense input channels (used for LOG START and SDI-12 signals).
The PROLOGGER has a number of operating modes for its analog inputs.
Analog inputs are available as low resolution (8 bit, a0 – a15) or high
resolution (16 bit, A0 – A15) all with programmable gain settings. (See
PROLOGGER Configuration Table on page 47.)
For more about inputs see Installation and Connection on page 23.
Note:
To save power the PROLOGGER only measures signals on channels
specified in the scheme. If you load a scheme that only specifies a single
channel, the remaining channels are not scanned. If you want to scan signals
on all channels, you must load a scheme that specifies all channels.
2.3.1 Instruments
To complement the PROLOGGER, a range of low power instruments and
sensors is available. They are designed for direct connection to the
PROLOGGER and can use the PROLOGGER’s battery or their own power
supply.
The PROLOGGER has a broad input range. This means that instruments such
as thermocouples, pyrometers, RTDs (like the PT100), strain gauge pressure
transducers, precision thermistors and frequency derived signals can generally
be connected without amplification or signal conditioning.
2.4 Outputs
The PROLOGGER has two outputs and two power sources for external
instruments. The outputs have a wide range of uses, for example they can be
used to set off an alarm or switch on an external device.
UNIDATA
6 PROLOGGER OVERVIEW
The four user power sources described in the PROLOGGER Configuration
Table are:
•
+12 Volts DC unregulated.
•
-12 Volts DC unregulated.
•
+10 Volts regulated (reference).
•
+5 Volts DC regulated, scan synchronised.
2.5 Memory Capacity
The logging duration of the logger depends on the scheme. It is calculated by
the software once the scheme is created (see Scheme Information menu).
The calculation includes the following:
Number of Days = (512 - 8) * 1024 * LI/1440 * 1/LS
LI = Logging Interval (in minutes).
LS = Log Size in bytes.
1024 = The number of bytes in a kilobyte.
1440 = The number of minutes in a day.
2.5.1 Log Size
The Log Size is the sum of bytes used per channel. The bytes used per
channel varies depending on the Log Action (raw reading, totalise to 1 or 2
bytes, etc.) and the capacity of the channel. A counter channel may use from
1 to 4 bytes, a serial channel is usually 2 bytes, and an analog channel may
use 2 bytes (high resolution) or 1 byte (low resolution).
For example: A typical weather station logging raw readings for wind speed
(1 byte), temperature (1 byte), solar radiation (1 byte) and relative humidity
(1 byte) every five minutes in a 512k PROLOGGER would theoretically
record for:
Number of Days = (512 - 8)* 1024 * 5/1440 * 1/4 = 448
2.6 Status Indicators
The PROLOGGER has four LED indicators which flash briefly each scan (5
seconds) to show the status of the battery and logging scheme.
PROLOGGER Hardware
PROLOGGER OVERVIEW 7
2.6.1 Battery Status LEDs
The top two indicators (labelled BATTERY) show the internal battery status
(see Battery Status Indicators on page 20).
2.6.2 Scheme Status LEDs
When the PROLOGGER has been programmed with a Scheme (using
Version 2 Software) the lower two indicators show the status of the Scheme
operation.
LED On Description State
None
Waiting to be unloaded. Stopped
Waiting for input signals to be connected. Primed
Green
Connected to signals and waiting to begin
logging.
Primed
Green & Red Actively recording. Logging
Red (No Scheme loaded.) (Invalid)
2.7 The Display and Keyboard
The PROLOGGER has a 64 character Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) and an
eight key operator keyboard.
The Display may be activated by pressing the ON key. The Display will turn
OFF automatically after a delay of 20 seconds (when no further keys have
been pressed).
While the Display is active, the PROLOGGER is in high power mode and
uses about 100 times more battery power than in normal scanning mode.
UNIDATA
8 PROLOGGER OVERVIEW
2.7.1 Keys Definition
ON Activate display and display the first entry of the STATUS LIST
.
SCHEME Displays the first entry of the SCHEME LIST
.
CONFIG Displays the first entry of the CONFIG LIST.
ENTER
Used only in the CONFIG LIST to save the current SETUP entry or
perform the current SETUP action.
Up/Down Ar-
rows
Scroll UP
5
or DOWN6the current list entries.
Left/Right
Arrows
Adjust the current CONFIG entry UP in value
4
or DOWN in
value
3
. Used only in CONFIG LIST
.
2.8 Using the Keyboard and Display
The display shows three lists of useful information.
STATUS LIST Lists information about the status of battery and channel readings
(unscaled).
SCHEME LIST Lists details of the current Scheme composed using the
STARLOG Software V3. This is normally blank unless a Scheme
has been loaded.
CONFIG LIST Lets you adjust some logger configuration parameters (change the
scan rate) and execute some useful commands (such as, setting the
logger to the sleep mode).
Warning:
Saving altered Setup Entries using the Enter key will cause data
stored in memory above 64K to be lost.
2.8.1 Selecting a Display List and List Entry
Whenever the ON, SCHEME or CONFIG keys are pressed, the first entry in
the Status, Scheme or Config list is displayed. The ON key will also turn the
Display ON if not already on.
By pressing the scroll keys, you display the next Entry in the list (
6 DOWN
key) or the previous Entry
(5 UP key).
PROLOGGER Hardware
PROLOGGER OVERVIEW 9
Entries may be one or two lines, therefore the scroll keys will move the
display UP or DOWN one or two lines, depending on whether the Entry is
two lines or not.
2.8.2 Auto Key Repeat
When a key is held down, it automatically repeats. This is a quick way to scan
up or down a list of display entries. Releasing the key stops the repeat mode.
2.8.3 Adjusting a Config Entry
To alter a logger Config Entry, scroll to the desired Entry in the Config List
and use the Adjust keys
34 to adjust the Config Entry to the required
settings, then press ENTER to save the new setting permanently. If you do
not want to save the Config Entry, press any other key (or no keys at all).
Warning:
Pressing the Enter key while displaying a Config Entry with the
message ...use & ENTER on Line 2 will cause data stored in memory
above 64K to be lost.
2.8.4 Commands in the Config List
Some entries in the Config List are simple commands, they do not use the
Adjust keys
34 and they do not cause loss of memory when executed
(when ENTER is pressed). A useful command “TURN DISPLAY OFF” is
the first entry in the Setup List. Therefore, whenever you have finished
viewing the display, press CONFIG, and then ENTER keys.
The display will automaticallyturn OFF anyway after 20 seconds if no keys
are pressed.
2.8.5 Using a PIN# (Password)
The PROLOGGER is fitted with a keyboard and display. This enables you to
configure various functions of the logger without a computer. To ensure that
only authorised users alter the operation of the logger, an optional 4-digit
PIN# (personal identification number) may be entered. The factory default for
the PIN# is 0.
UNIDATA
10 PROLOGGER OVERVIEW
To change this PIN#, turn the display ON and then press CONFIG. Press the
down arrow until CHANGE PIN# appears in the display. Press the left arrow
key to select the digit and then the up or down arrow to alter the digit. Once
you have selected a suitable 4 digit number, press ENTER. It is now
impossible to change important configuration settings until the PIN# is
re-entered.
Once a PROLOGGER has been protected by a non-zero PIN#, you must
re-enter the correct PIN# before altering a configuration via the keyboard.
1.
Press ON to switch the display on.
2.
Press CONFIG.
3.
Press the down arrow until ENTER PIN# appears.
4.
Select the correct 4-digit code (using the arrow keys) and press ENTER.
5.
You can now alter the logger’s configuration.
To change the PIN#, you must enter the old PIN# first. A PIN# of 0 means
that all settings may be changed without PIN# validation (default).
If you forget the PIN#, the PROLOGGER will operate normally but you will
not be able to use the keyboard configuration facility until the PROLOGGER
is returned to UNIDATA for service.
2.8.6 Displaying the Scheme List
The Model 7001 PROLOGGER has a four line liquid crystal display (LCD)
and eight key keyboard.
Using the Version 3 Software you can set-up the PROLOGGER to display
the actual values being recorded by connected transducers. This Scheme
Display List contains information similar to the Scheme Test Mode screen. A
one-line display entry is provided for each Scheme Test Mode entry. Four
entries (lines) are shown on the display at one time.
When you press the up/down scroll keys the display moves up/down this list
one line at a time.
PROLOGGER Hardware
PROLOGGER OVERVIEW 11
To view the readings of each transducer:
The display turns OFF after 20 seconds, if no keys are pressed.
If the instrument being displayed uses a non-linear correction formula (such
as a thermistor or wind direction) then the uncorrected (raw) mV reading will
be displayed without units.
2.9 Differences with Model 7000 Macro Data logger
2.9.1 Input Signals
The following inputs are different from the Portable Data logger:
UNIDATA
12 PROLOGGER OVERVIEW
Press the ON key and
this will be displayed
Press the SCHEME key
Press the down key
6
Press the down key6
Continue pressing the down key until you reach the
end of the display list
Press CONFIG and then ENTER to turn the display off
6
Pin Model 7001 Model 7000
17 Continuous Battery Unused
19 Sense 1/SDI Unused
PROLOGGER Hardware
PROLOGGER OVERVIEW 13
3 SPECIFICATIONS
This chapter lists the physical and performance specifications of the
PROLOGGER.
Material: Grey, high impact rigid PVC.
Size: 211 x 108 x 81mm (H x W x D).
Weight: 2 kg including battery.
Operating Temp: -20°C to 60°C, not affected by humidity.
Scan Rate: 0.125 second to 5 minutes - programmable.
Log Interval: 0.125 second to 1 week - programmable.
Memory: Low power CMOS RAM 512k (standard).
Time Clock:
Crystal regulated,±10 seconds per month.
Analog Inputs: 16 channels, 16-bit resolution.
Unipolar or Bi-Polar, differential or single ended.
Counters: 4 channels, 16-bit resolution.
STARBUS: 2 high speed serial lines with eight channels on each,
16 bits, bi-directional, synchronous data & clock.
SDI-12: Optional 1200 Baud instrument channel.
Controls: 2 channels, 1 CMOS output.
1 uncommitted open collector output.
Computer I/O: Full duplex, serial, RS-232C, baud rates:
300/1200/2400/4800/9600/19200/38400/76800.
Processor: 8 bit, 80C31 micro controller, 14.7456 MHz.
Battery Life: Alkaline 1 year (typical), or rechargeable NiCad.
Flat Battery Shutdown: 5.6 Volts.
Instrument Power: +5V DC regulated 100mA.
+6.5V DC unregulated, 1mA continuous.
+10V DC regulated, 100mA programmable duty cycle
(PDC).
+12V DC unregulated, 200mA, PDC.
-12V DC unregulated, 50mA, PDC.
Signal Specifications
Counter Channels: DC to 20 kHz potential free contact or
05 V DC digital input.
UNIDATA
14 SPECIFICATIONS
Analog Channels: Voltage input in four programmableranges:
-5.00 to +5.00 V, 155mV resolution.
-500 to +500 mV, 15.5mV resolution.
-50 to +50 mV, 1.55mV resolution.
-5 to +5 mV, 155nV resolution.
Input Impedance:
>1 M
W.
Recommended Source
Drive Impedance:
<10 k
W.
PROLOGGER Hardware
SPECIFICATIONS 15
4 POWER SUPPLY
This chapter describes the uses of internal and external power supplies for the
PROLOGGER. It also describes the low battery shutdown feature. The
PROLOGGER is powered by an internal battery. External power sources can
be used as an alternative supplies or to recharge batteries (NiCad and Sealed
Lead Acid only).
A battery must remain connected at all times to protect data stored in
memory. Provision is made for fitting a Lithium back-up battery to protect
memory storage if the main battery is removed or fails.
4.1 Internal Battery Pack
The PROLOGGER is powered by its own internal power supply in the form
of a battery pack (usually supplied with each logger). Alkaline (Model
6910A) and NiCad (Model 6910B) battery packs are available. The battery
pack is located in the base of the logger housing and connected via a
three-way socket to the logger.
The PROLOGGER requires a single battery voltage of 6.5 to 10 V DC.
Battery life varies anywhere from a few weeks up to 2 years depending on the
logging project (see below).
This section covers:
•
Battery life.
•
Battery connections.
•
Battery replacement.
•
Recharging a NiCad battery pack.
4.1.1 Battery Life
The PROLOGGER battery life is influenced by five factors:
•
logger scan rate.
•
logger program run time.
•
External instrument power requirements.
•
Display usage.
UNIDATA
16 POWER SUPPLY
•
Computer communication (RS-232).
n
Formula for Determining Battery Life
The following calculation will determine the battery life for UNIDATA
battery packs (Model 6910A):
Life (days) = [ST/(RT+35)] * 3300
ST = Scan Time (seconds)
RT = Run Time (milliseconds)
… where external instrument load does not exceed 20mA.
The run time is determined by examining Address 1 of the PROLOGGER
(Block 0, locations 1 and 2), where the program run time is saved.
6910A battery packs have a maximum life of 3 years.
n
Battery Life Estimation Tables
The following table details the estimated battery life from loggers with
various scan rates and battery types. This table assumes a program run time of
12 milliseconds (approximately 40 instructions).
Scan Rate
Model 6910B Model6910A
Life (days) Life (days)
0.25 12 16
130 66
5 40 330
10 40 660
Model 6910A – 10 Ah Alkaline Battery Pack.
Model 6910B–4AhNickel Cadmium Battery Pack.
4.1.2 Battery Pack Connections
The Model 6910 battery packs are manufactured with a 3-way socket
connector that plugs into the Model 7001 PROLOGGER.
PROLOGGER Hardware
POWER SUPPLY 17
Users who manufacture their own replacement battery packs may purchase
connectors from a Molex dealer or simply re-use the wire & connector from
the old battery pack. The connector type is Molex brand 050-57-9403
70066-0177 shell with type 016-02-1125 71851-0224 crimp terminals.
4.1.3 Replacing a Battery Pack
All recorded data will be lost when the battery pack is disconnected (unless
the auxiliary battery is installed (see page 21). Ensure the PROLOGGER has
been unloaded before replacing the battery.
To replace a battery pack:
1.
Remove the PROLOGGER lid by unscrewing the six lid screws.
2.
Depress the small retaining clip securing the battery plug and disconnect
the battery cable.
3.
Lift out the black metal battery retaining plate and remove the used
battery pack.
4.
Insert a new battery pack and replace the metal retaining plate making
certain not to crush the battery wires.
5.
Reconnect the new battery and the PROLOGGER will begin operating.
6.
Replace the lid into PROLOGGER base and tighten the six lid screws.
The PROLOGGER will not be damaged if battery wires are accidentally
reversed.
ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY - UNIDATA uses only mercury-free alkaline cells
in battery packs. UNIDATA or your battery manufacturer will accept battery
packs returned for recycling.
4.1.4 Recharging NiCad Battery Pack
The NiCad Battery Pack can be recharged by a mains power pack or a solar
powered recharge system. You can also recharge a battery pack on site using
an external power source. (See the next section.)
UNIDATA
18 POWER SUPPLY
4.2 External Power Supply
An external power source can be connected to the PROLOGGER. External
power can be used with an Alkaline or NiCad battery pack as a backup power
source or simply on its own.
A mains power pack and a solar power pack are available from UNIDATA.
The supply voltage to the PROLOGGER must be maintained at all times to
ensure correct logger operation and data integrity. (See optional Auxiliary
Memory Back-up Battery on page 21.)
The voltage to the logger must be in the range of9Vto20Vandable to
supply a load of 100 mA peak (increasing to 500 mA when recharging a
battery).
4.2.1 Connecting an External Power Supply
To install an external power supply:
1.
Connect +ve to pin 16 of the INPUT SIGNALS socket (terminal 1 of the
Field Termination Strip).
2.
Connect -ve (common) to pin 34 of the INPUT SIGNALS socket
(terminal 2 of the Field Termination Strip).
Pins 50 - EXT Power and 51 - GND on the 7001C Field termination Strip are
generally used for charging external batteries using a solar panel.
4.2.2 Recharging Batteries
With a NiCad battery pack installed a PROLOGGER can be recharged from a
solar panel, mains power pack or other DC power source. The input voltage
should be between 11V and 20V.
NiCad Battery Packs require several charge/discharge cycles before their full
charge is retained. Therefore ensure the PROLOGGER has been fully
charged (connected to solar recharge or mains power pack) then left to
discharge at a high scan rate.
PROLOGGER Hardware
POWER SUPPLY 19
4.3 Battery Status Indicators
The PROLOGGER measures its internal battery voltage every scan. If the
battery voltage falls below certain preset levels, the Battery Status LEDs on
the front panel will change state.
GREEN RED BATTERY STATUS ALKN NiCAD LCD DISPLAY
ON OFF Battery OK >7.2V >7.2V OK
ON ON Battery Low (Replace soon) <7.2V <7.2V Low
OFF ON
Battery Flat (Replace
immediately)
<6.6V <7.1V Chg
OFF OFF
Not Operating (Sleep or
Shutdown Mode)
<6.2V <7.0V Bad
Whenever an external power source greater than 11V DC is connected to the
logger, the internal battery is bypassed (and/or recharged). The logger
operates from the external power, but will automatically use the internal
battery if external power falls below 11V DC or fails altogether.
4.4 Monitoring Battery Voltage
The most recent battery voltage measurement is stored in the logger memory
and can be displayed or logged.
The PROLOGGER saves the voltage measurement at Address 236 (Internal
Channel I2, also called, “Batt”, see page 32). Use Test Mode to display the
internal channels.
4.5 Flat Battery Shutdown
The logger also monitors the battery voltage when in sleep mode.Ifthe
voltage falls to a level that could cause faulty operation, the logger enters
shutdown state and will not scan, communicate with a computer or activate
the display. In addition, all equipment power loads are disconnected (counter
channels and pin 18 continuous power) to preserve memory.
The Flat Battery Shutdown voltage limit is 5.6V.
UNIDATA
20 POWER SUPPLY
4.5.1 Saving Memory
A logger in “Shutdown” or “Sleep” mode will preserve its memory for many
weeks. To recover information stored in the logger:
Connect a computer to the logger and attempt to “Unload” it.
If the logger was in sleep mode, it will wake-up and unload normally. If it
was in shutdown mode, connect an external power source to the logger (such
as a new battery pack, see page 18 for details). The logger will wake-up and
unload normally.
b. Shutdown, connect an external power source to the logger (such
as a new battery pack, see section 4.3). The logger will then
wake-up and normally.
The external power must be connected without disconnecting the internal
Flat battery (unless the optional memory back-up battery is installed).
Follow the procedurein
Connecting an External Power Supply
on page 19.
4.5.2 Auxiliary Memory Back-up Battery
An optional Lithium battery (Model 6909A) can be installed to provide
memory back-up power when the main battery pack is removed or fails
completely. The battery type is a 3.4VAA lithium cell with wire leads (SAFT
LS14250 or similar).
The status of the auxiliary battery is monitored by the logger. If the battery
requires replacement (or is not installed) an asterisk (*) is displayed adjacent
to the main battery status.
To check auxiliary memory back-up battery:
1.
Press the ON key firmly. The following is displayed:
PROLOGGER 900
V033.00 BAT=OK *
2.
This indicates the auxiliary battery is either not installed or needs
replacement.
In all loggers the auxiliary memory back-up battery status is indicated in Bit 6
of Register 33 (see section 8.2.1).
4.6 Internal Battery Charger
The PROLOGGER has an inbuilt battery charging circuit designed for
continuous recharging of NiCad and Sealed Lead Acid batteries as well as
providing regulated power to the logger when operating from external power.
PROLOGGER Hardware
POWER SUPPLY 21
4.7 Automatic Battery Type Detection
The PROLOGGER automatically detects which type of battery is installed
and sets the voltage thresholds accordingly. The logger also enables the
battery charging circuit when a NiCad battery is installed.
ALKLN or NiCad will be displayed on the LCD according to which type of
battery is installed.
If external power is used and no battery pack is installed, the LCD will
indicate ALKLN.
4.8 The Input Signals Connector Pin-out
The table on page 24 lists each pin in the INPUT SIGNALS connector by
number. Next to the pin number is a description of the signal for which this
connection is designed. The last column lists the high resolution channel
mnemonic used by STARLOG to refer to this connection.
UNIDATA
22 POWER SUPPLY
5 INSTALLATION & CONNECTION
This chapter provides information necessary to install a PROLOGGER. It
includes:
•
A list of the connections of the INPUT SIGNALS connector.
•
Signal specifications for each connection.
•
How to initialise a PROLOGGER.
5.1 Locating the logger
The PROLOGGER may be installed in nearly any environment with the
following provisos:
•
It should not be exposed directly to the weather. If it is to be used
externally, it should be housed in a weatherproof enclosure.
•
It should be mounted away from electrical noise sources (such as electrical
contactors and radio transmitters). In all cases signal leads should be
shielded and kept as short as possible.
Wherever possible, install the PROLOGGER in a protected location exposed
to the least temperature extremes. This will increase the battery life, and
improve clock and signal measurement accuracy.
5.2 Instrument Connection
You connect instruments to the PROLOGGER via the 37-pin socket located
on the logger’s front panel and labelled INPUT SIGNALS. For ease of use
you can plug a Field Termination Strip into this connector. Each input is
referred to as a channel in the STARLOG Software Package.
n
Field Termination Strip
This extends the INPUT SIGNALS connector to a row of numbered screw
terminals. The Field Termination Strip (Model 7100C) and its manual
(supplement 7012) are available from UNIDATA.
The pinouts of the INPUT SIGNALS CONNECTOR is shown below.
PROLOGGER Hardware
INSTALLATION & CONNECTION 23
The following table lists each pin in the INPUT SIGNALS connector by
number. Next to the pin number is a description of the signal for which this
connection is designed. The last column lists the high resolution channel
mnemonic used by the STARLOG Software to refer to this connection.
Pin Signal Description Channel
1 Analog ground
2 Analog input A1 (A1+ve)*
3 Analog input A3 (A3+ve)
4 Analog input A5 (A5+ve)
5 Analog input A7 (A7+ve)
6 Analog input A9 (A1-ve)
7 Analog input A11 (A3-ve)
8 Analog input A13 (A5-ve)
9 Analog input A15 (A7-ve)
10 Sense input BIT 3 (Log Start, MASK 8) SENSE 0
11 16 bit counter input (20kHz) C0
12 16 bit counter input (20kHz) C2
13
High Speed Synchronous Serial Port Clock
(TTL level input and output)
HSIO Clock 1
14
High Speed Synchronous Serial Port Clock
(TTL level input and output)
HSIO Clock 0
15
Control, Open collector output, 30V, 100mA
drive, 20ms pulse width
OUT 1
16 External power +12V (or recharge) Power Input
17
+6V continuous power for external
instruments (1mA maximum)
Micro Power
18
Scan synchronised +5V regulated UPS or
HSIO Sync (@30mA max)
Sync Power or
HSIO Sync
UNIDATA
24 INSTALLATION & CONNECTION
Pin Signal Description Channel
19 Sense input BIT 1 (MASK 2)
SENSE 1
/SDI-12
20 Analog input A0 (A0+ve)
21 Analog input A2 (A2+ve)
22 Analog input A4 (A4+ve)
23 Analog input A6 (A6+ve)
24 Analog input A8 (A0-ve)
25 Analog input A10 (A2-ve)
26 Analog input A12 (A4-ve)
27 Analog input A14 (A6-ve)
28 Digital ground Digital ground
29 16bit counter with prescale (20kHz) C1
30 16bit counter with prescale (20kHz) C3
31
High Speed Synchronous Serial Data Port
(TTL level input and output)
HSIO data 1
32
High Speed Synchronous Serial Data Port
(TTL level input and output)
HSIO data 0
33
Control, Open collector output, 30V, 100mA
drive, 20ms pulse width
34 Power ground Power ground
35 +10V regulated user power source User power
36 -12V, 5mA unregulated user power supply User power
37 +12V, 200mA unregulated user power supply User power
*The channel assignments for inputs in brackets refer to differential signals.
PROLOGGER Hardware
INSTALLATION & CONNECTION 25
UNIDATA
26 INSTALLATION & CONNECTION
Digital 0 (Log Start)
C0
C2
IO Clock 1
IO Clock 0
OUT 1
External Power Input
Scan sychronised
Analog Ground
Analog
Digital Ground
OUT 0
C1
C3
IO Data 1
IO Data 0
Power Ground
Continuous Battery +10 V regulated
+12 V unregulated
-12 V unregulated
SDI/Sense1
A0
A2
A4
A6
A8
A10
A12
A14
single ended (normal)
7
8
9
5
4
2
27
26
25
24
20
21
23
6
22
A1
A3
A5
A7
A9
A11
A13
A15
High Speed Synchronous
Counters
User's Power Sources
Outputs
Serial I/O Port
External Power Input
36
35
31
32
33
34
30
29
28
17
18
13
14
15
16
12
11
10
+5V regulated
3
1
3719
Digital 0 (Log Start)
C0
C2
IO Clock 1
IO Clock 0
OUT 1
External Power Input
Scan sychronised
Analog Ground
Analog
Digital Ground
OUT 0
C1
C3
IO Data 1
IO Data 0
Power Ground
Continuous Battery +10 V regulated
+12 V unregulated
-12 V unregulated
SDI/Sense1
7
8
9
5
4
2
27
26
25
24
20
21
23
6
22
High Speed Synchronous
Counters
User's Power Sources
Outputs
Serial I/O Port
External Power Input
36
35
31
32
33
34
30
29
28
17
18
13
14
15
16
12
11
10
+5V regulated
3
1
3719
A1
A3
A5
A7
differential
+
-
+
-
+
-
+
-
A0
A2
A4
A6
+
+
+
+
-
-
-
-
5.2.1 Log Start Sense
Normally, the PROLOGGER only begins to record when an instrument is
connected via the INPUT SIGNALS input. To sense this condition, Pin 10
(Log Start Sense 0) of the INPUT SIGNALS socket is grounded (connected
to Pin 28). The PROLOGGER program may then sense this condition by the
BJMPN 32,#8,Branch Label
instruction which branches when the INPUT
SIGNALS are not connected. See the description of the startup.INCLUDE
file in the Programmer’s Supplement (No. 6201) for further information.
Warning:
The STARLOGGER will not begin recording unless the LOG
START Sense is connected to ground (Pin 28). LOG START is automatically
connected to ground when the Model 7100 Field TerminationStrip is used.
5.2.2 Analog Inputs
Analog inputs can be used as low resolution (8 bit) or high resolution
channels (16 bit). Their usage depends how you refer to the input in the
STARLOG software. The software interprets analog inputs as low resolution
channels when you refer to them as a0 – A15 and high resolution channels
when you refer to them as A0 – A15.
All analog channels are programmable to carry a signal in one of four ranges:
-5.00 to 5.00V 155µV resolution
-500 to 500mV 15.5µV resolution
-50 to 50mV 1.55µV resolution
-5 to 5mV 155nV resolution
Input impedance (when the logger is active) is greater than 1MΩ. Load
impedance (when the logger is inactive) for signals less than 500 mV is
greater than 1MΩ. For signals greater than 500mV it is 10kΩ. The
recommended source drive impedance is <10kΩ.
Analog channel calibration coefficients are stored in the configuration table
(see page 47 for details).
PROLOGGER Hardware
INSTALLATION & CONNECTION 27
5.2.3 Counters and Digital Inputs
Counter and Digital inputs are DC
inputs suitable for 20 kHz potential
free contacts or 0–5V to 0–12V DC
digital input.
Maximum pulse rate to the counters is
20 kHz. Pulse rates must also be
related to scan rate, to ensure counters
do not overflow before being scanned
by the PROLOGGER.
5.2.4 User Power Sources (UPS)
The User Power Sources (Pins 18, 35, 36, 37) are intended to power
instruments associated with the PROLOGGER. The full load output
capability is 350mA in pulsed mode and 175mA (50% duty cycle) in
continuous operation. The standing battery drain with the UPS switched ON
(and no external UPS load) is 15mA.
The Scan Synchronised UPS (Pin 18) switches on and off in sync with the
logger scan. Any loads connected to these outputs will contribute to the drain
on the PROLOGGER battery (and reduce battery life).
The other User Power Sources (Pins 35, 36, 37) are programmmed to switch
on and off by setting three variables (Prescan, Ontime and Offtime) in the
PROLOGGER Configuration Table. See PROLOGGER Configuration Tables
on page 47 details.
5.2.5 High Speed Serial Ports
There are two serial ports:
Port 0 Pin 13 (Clock 1)
Pin 31 (Data 1)
Port 1 Pin 14 (Clock 0)
Pin 32 (Data 0)
Pin 18 +5V sync signal
UNIDATA
28 INSTALLATION & CONNECTION
10k
Standby = 4.5V
100k
Counter
input
0.001uF (C0/C2)
0.01uF (C1/C3)
These ports are read each logger scan. The Sync signal (Pin 18) is used to
indicate to the remote equipment that a logger read scan is about to begin.
This signal is used to load the serial shift register(s) in the remote equipment
in preparation of being read.
The first data bit LSB must be present on the Data (0/1) signal within 7ms
after the Sync signal.
Serial transfer rate is 50 microseconds per bit with a 30 microsecond gap
between each byte. See the timing diagrams for Serial In and Serial Out
below.
Every 1mS a logger interrupt sequence adds a 50 microsecond delay to the
serial transfer sequence. Transfer starts with the least significant bit of the
least significant byte and each clock reads the next most significant bit.
PROLOGGER Hardware
INSTALLATION & CONNECTION 29
Pin 18
SYNC
Pin 14/13
CLOCK 0/1
Pin 32/31
DATA 0/1
LOGGER SCAN
20us
30us
Read Bit 0 Bit 1 Bit 2
50 us
10ms
Bit 0
Bit 1 Bit 2
Bit 7 0 (BYTE 1)
SERIAL IN
Bit 0Bit 7
30us
Serial In Timing Diagram.
5.3 SDI-12 Serial Digital Interface (optional)
The PROLOGGERs support the U.S.G.S. SDI-12 standard for serial data
interchange between the logger and intelligent instruments.
SDI-12 is implemented as an alternate use of Sense 1 (Pin 19). Up to ten
SDI-12 compatible instruments may be connected to this bus. Programming
the SDI-12 interface is supported in the STARLOG Version 3 Software.
See Appendix D - Using the SDI-12 Interface details on how to use the
SDI-12 Interface.
5.4 PROLOGGER Initialisation
The STARLOGGER is normally stored and delivered to you in sleep mode to
conserve batteries. You must load a scheme into the logger before it can be
used.
In normal use, the PROLOGGER will not require initialisation. If however,
the logger does not appear to scan at the correct rate, it may need
re-initialization.
Any of the following actions will (re)initialise the logger:
•
Loading a Scheme into the logger.
•
Executing the “RESET LOGGER” command in the Config List.
•
Using the ALT-I command in Diagnostics. (See the STARLOG Software
Package.)
•
Disconnecting, then re-connect the battery after a ten second delay.
WARNING: data stored in memory will be lost.
•
Adjusting and saving any of the Config Entries.
UNIDATA
30 INSTALLATION & CONNECTION
Pin 18
SYNC
Pin 14/13
CLOCK 0/1
Pin 32/31
DATA 0/1
LOGGER SCAN
20us
30us
Write Bit 0 Bit 1 Bit 2
50 us
10ms
Bit 0
Bit 1 Bit 2
Bit 7 0 (BYTE 1)
SERIAL OUT
Bit 0
Bit 7
30us
Serial Out Timing Diagram
During initialization, the logger’s firmware and Configuration Table is
check-summed to confirm its integrity. The Scan Counter is set to the logger
Scan Rate and other housekeeping functions performed.
See the STARLOG User’s Manual for more information.
PROLOGGER Hardware
INSTALLATION & CONNECTION 31
6 INTERNAL CHANNELS
The PROLOGGER has four internal channels. These are presented as high
resolution values (signed 16 bit) in Register Addresses 232 to 239 as detailed
below:
Name Description Register Address
I0 (Temp) logger Temperature (0.1221°C per bit) 232
I1 (10V) 10V reference (1.221 mV per bit) 234
I2 (Batt) logger battery (or supply) voltage
(1.221 mV per bit)
236
I3 (5V) 5V scan synchronised reference voltage
(1.221 mV per bit)
238
The values of these internal channels are available for recording (logging) or
use in computations in the User Log Program. Typical uses may be to provide
high accuracy corrections to bridge measurements (strain gauge/PT100 etc.)
referenced to the 10V or 5V supplies.
The temperature (which is in thermal contact with the Analog ground point
adjacent to the Input Signal connector) can be used to provide cold junction
compensation for thermocouples connected to the Input connector.
6.1 Battery Voltage Monitor (I2, “Batt”)
Battery voltage is automatically monitored by the logger and recording will
cease if the battery falls below a defined threshold (the logger goes into sleep
mode). The threshold is defined in the Configuration Table (see page 47). The
battery state is also displayed on the Battery Status LEDs while the logger is
operating (see page 20 for details).
UNIDATA
32 INTERNAL CHANNELS
7 COMPUTER COMMUNICATION
The PROLOGGER uses standard asynchronous, RS-232 serial
communications to connect to IBM PC or compatible computers.
You can load and unload schemes and data using the RS232 connection .
About half of the pins in this plug are allocated a function. The rest are
reserved for future use. This chapter:
•
Explains how to set the baud rate.
•
Describes the communications protocol.
•
Includes a sample communication program.
•
Includes a table listing pin allocations.
The communication format is:
•
RS-232C compatible.
•
300 to 76800 baud (9600 baud is default - see page34 for details).
•
8 data bits.
•
1 stop/start bit.
•
No parity.
You can connect a computer to the PROLOGGER via the 25-pin socket
(labelled COMPUTER) located on the logger’s front panel. Model 6602A
25-25 pin and Model 6602I 25-9 pin cables are available from UNIDATA.
PROLOGGER Hardware
COMPUTER COMMUNICATION 33
7.1 Computer Connector Pin Designations
The following table lists each pin in the COMPUTER connector by number.
Next to the pin number is a signal description. The last column explains how
the pin is used.
Pin Signal Description Usage
1 Signaland logic ground Ground
2 Serialdata signal to logger RxD
3 Serialdata signal from logger TxD
4 RTSfrom computer RTS
6 DSRfrom logger DSR to CPU
7 SignalGround GND
10 Mode
15 Baud Rate Select (See section 7.2.)
16 Baud Rate Select
17 Baud Rate Select
20 from computer (not used) DTR
25 Remote Telemetry Control from logger OUT 0
All other pins are not connected and reserved for future use.
Notes
1.
The RTS signal from the computer will activate the logger even between
scans. The logger may respond with a prompt (CR) immediately the RTS
becomes true or wait until the next scan (depending on communication
mode settings).
2.
CTS signal is not used to synchronise communications between the
logger and computer, this is achieved by the logger prompt (CR). The
DSR is true whenever the logger scan is active.
7.2 Baud Rates
The communication baud rate is selected on the COMPUTER connector on
the face of the logger. Note that PC/XT and slow PC/AT computers can only
communicate up to 9600 baud. Fast PC/AT and 386 machines can
communicate at 19200.
UNIDATA
34 COMPUTER COMMUNICATION
To select the RS-232 baud rate (other than the default 9600* baud) you must
link one (or more) of the COMPUTER connector pins 15, 16 and 17 to
ground (pin 7).
Pin 15 Pin 16 Pin 17 Baud Rate
GND NC GND 300
NC GND NC 1200
NC GND GND 2400
GND GND NC 4800
NC NC NC 9600*
NC NC GND 19200
GND NC NC 38400
GND GND GND 76800
NC = Not connected.
GND = connected to ground.
Note that pin 14 is reserved.
7.3 Communications (STARLOG) Protocol
This section describes the communications protocol common to all
STARLOG products. See Appendix B Starlog Protocol Command List for a
complete list of STARLOG protocol commands.
7.3.1 Scan Synchronised RS-232 Communication
At the end of every scan (5 seconds usually) the logger will check to see if the
computer interface is connected. If the interface is connected, the logger
sends a prompt to the interface (host computer). This prompt is an ASCII
asterisk followed by a carriage return (CR).
The logger then waits 0.5 second for a request from the host computer. If no
request is received by the logger, the logger powers down (switches off) until
the next scan (5 seconds usually).
While the logger is communicating with the computer, it will remain active
(in high power mode). However, any logger scans that are due will be
processed simultaneously with ongoing communications.
PROLOGGER Hardware
COMPUTER COMMUNICATION 35
7.3.2 Non-Synchronised RS-232 Communication (default)
If the PROLOGGER is set to operate in non-synchronised mode the RS-232
communication protocol timing is slightly different.
The logger will immediately enter communications state (and send a prompt)
whenever the Request To Send (RTS) line becomes true (ON/HIGH). It does
not wait until the end of the next logger scan.
If a logger Scan occurs during RS-232 communications, the scan will be
processed.
7.3.3 PROLOGGER Requests (Commands)
A PROLOGGER has three basic commands - GET, PUT and KILL. The
(G)ET and (P)UT commands only access the first 64K of memory.
For memory sizes greater than 64K, lowercase equivalents of these
commands serve as an extended protocol commands. That is,
g
performs an
extended GET command. All extended protocol commands require a
checksum following the message.
If the logger receives an invalid command it will be ignored. Other
commands are used to maintain and initialise the Configuration Table (see
page 47 for details).
See Appendix 7.3C - Starlog Protocol Command List for a complete list of
STARLOG Protocol commands.
n
GET (and (g)et) Commands
GAAAASS where G is the GET command, AAAA is the 16 bit address
(MSB/LSB) and SS is the number of bytes required. A zero in the SS
command corresponds to 256 bytes. AAAA is the command for a 16 bit
address in the first 64K memory storage of the logger.
Gaaaaaaaasssscccc
Where: g is the get command
aaaaaaaa is the 32 bit start memory address (MSB...LSB).
ssss is the 16 bit number of bytes to transfer.
cccc is the 16 bit checksum.
UNIDATA
36 COMPUTER COMMUNICATION
To read 256 bytes from address 768 into the host computer the command is:
G030000
n
PUT {and (p)ut} Commands
PAAAASS
paaaaaaaassss...put data...cccc similar to the GET command except that data
is sent to the logger immediately following the command string.
cccc the 16 bit checksum for the (p)ut command includes the address, size
and data fields (i.e., everything except the “p” command and the checksum
itself) and is sent MSB/LSB.
For example, to reset the logger timer to zero, you will want to put zero into
addresses 0004, 0005, 0006 and 0007. The command is:
P00040400000000
Where: P is the put command
0004 is the offset address (in the registers)
04 is the put data count
00000000 is the data to put
The data format for the GET or PUT is a continuous string of hexadecimal
characters. The first two characters correspond to the first byte requested or to
be sent, the next two characters is the second byte, and so on. The data string
is terminated by a carriage return. A command to retrieve 16 bytes may
appear as:
G000010
the returned data may appear as:
00112233445566778899AABBCCDDEEFFmmllCR
Where mmll = Get data checksum consisting of a 16 bit binary addition of all
binary data (not HEX representation) within the retrieved information
(excluding the checksum and CR). The checksum is sent as four HEX
characters - mm = Most Significant Byte and ll = Least Significant Byte.
Two hex characters are always received or transmitted(most significant digit
then least significant digit) even though the number is smaller then 16. For
example, 10 decimal is sent or received as 0A.
PROLOGGER Hardware
COMPUTER COMMUNICATION 37
GET or PUT may address any continuous segment of the memory.
n
(K)ILL command
K is the KILL command that directs the logger to switch OFF until the next
scan cycle (usually 5 seconds).
a command to load location 2 with 0 then exit, would be:
P00020100K
Note: After a GET command, the computer must wait until the logger has
sent the GET data before a KILL is issued.
7.4 Sample Program
The following program written in Microsoft QBASIC communicates between
the PROLOGGER and an IBM PC or compatible computer.
7.4.1 Simple Interrogation Example
This sample program will issue a command to the logger and display the
response from the logger. The commands must be valid commands (see
above).
The “ON ERROR GOTO 140" statement is needed to trap (and ignore via
RESUME statement) any I/O errors that may occur as the logger powers up
and the RS-232 signal lines change state.
Statement 70, sends the command to the logger. Notice that a K command
(kill) is appended to the operator request. This shuts the logger down,
immediately after the request has been completed to save logger battery
power.
Try entering these commands:
G000008 (get 8 bytes from location 0)
G000502 (get 2 bytes from location 5)
G010010 (get 16 bytes (10 hex) from location
256 (Block 1, Location 0)
P00020188G000201 (put 88 into location 2 and
UNIDATA
38 COMPUTER COMMUNICATION
immediately gets the data)
The maximum G (get) size is 127 (7F hex). This is limited by BASIC string
length maximum of 255 characters.
10 REM PROLOGGER - data transfer example
20 INPUT “Enter data logger command-”,A$
‘Get Command from
operator
30 IF A$="" THEN END ‘Finish on c/r
40 OPEN “COM1:9600,N,8,1,CS0,DS0,CD0” FOR RANDOM AS #1
‘Open RS-232 to logger
50 ON ERROR GOTO 140 ‘Trap I/O errors
60 INPUT #1,L$:IF INSTR(L$"*")=0 THEN 60
‘Wait for logger prompt
70 PRINT #1,A$; ‘Send command to logger
80 INPUT #1,L$ ‘Get response from logger
90 PRINT #1,"K"; ‘Send KILL to save battery
100 ON ERROR GOTO 0 ‘Reset error trapping
110 CLOSE #1 ‘Close RS-232 file (channel)
120 PRINT “Data logger Response =”;L$ ‘Print result on terminal
130 GOTO 20 ‘Go back to beginning
140 RESUME ‘Ignore I/O error
PROLOGGER Hardware
COMPUTER COMMUNICATION 39
8 PROGRAMMING THE PROLOGGER
This chapter describes programming techniques of and memory layout for the
PROLOGGER. The contents of this chapter will be useful to those who
program and test the logger using the test mode screens provided with the
STARLOG Software Package.
For those who use the STARLOG software, this chapter provides important
details on the PROLOGGER instructions used by the assembler. For
complete programming information consult the STARLOG Programmer’s
Manual (No. 6201) included with the STARLOG Software Package (Model
6300).
8.1 Memory Layout
The PROLOGGER uses CMOS memory for the:
•
Logger Program - the scheme definition.
•
Buffer Control Table - Storage of pointers controlling the Log Buffer.
•
Hardware Registers - Storage of housekeeping registers.
•
Log Buffer - from the end of the logger program to the end of memory for
recording measured data.
UNIDATA
40 PROGRAMMING THE PROLOGGER
0
256
384
512k
Hardware Registers
Buffer Control Table
Start Log Program
Log Buffer
end of memory
Address
Log Program
PROLOGGER Memory Map
8.2 Hardware Register Information
The hardware register information can be viewed in Test Mode or used by
programmers wishing to write their own unload and analysis programs. The
table below gives a description of each register numbered 0 to 255. For
multiple byte registers the convention used is – least significant byte to most
significant byte. A byte may contain a number from 0 to 255 (8 bits) and for
calculating multiple byte numbers the first byte is added to the second byte
times 256 plus the third byte times 256 times 256, etc.
eg. The four byte number 1234 would give:
1+(2*256)+(3*256*256)+(4*256*256*256) = 67305985
Arithmetic instructions using 32-bit unsigned integers can represent values
from 0 to 4294967295.
8.2.1 PROLOGGER Memory Assignments
The PROLOGGER operating the standard instruction set, has the following
fixed memory assignments in the Hardware Register:
(Pin xx) refers to a pin of the INPUT SIGNALS connector.
Address Size Description
0 1 Software Revision Number (33 onwards)
1 2 logger runtime in milliseconds (16 bit integer)
3 1 Error flags (see Appendix A)
4 4 logger scan counter (32 bit integer)
8 3 Reserved
11 2
MSB of address (bits 8-23) used in LDBLK and MVBLK
instructions
13 2 Reserved
14 2 Binary states of analog channels
16 8
Eight analog channels (a0 to a7) unsigned low resolution
representation (8 bit) of the 16 bit channel (A0 to A7) measurement
24 8 Counter channels
PROLOGGER Hardware
PROGRAMMING THE PROLOGGER 41
Address Size Description
32 1
Digital input values (normally high)
Bit 0...2 Baud Rate: 000=9600; 101=300; 010=1200
011=2400; 110=4800; 001=19200;
100=38400; 111=76800
Bit 3=0 Log Start (SENSE 0) connected to GND
Bit 4=0 Reserved
Bit 5=0 SDI-12 (SENSE 1) not active
Bit 6 High speed serial DATA 1
Bit 7 High speed serial DATA 0
33 1
User Power Supply status register
Bit 0 = 1 UPS will be ON next scan
Bit 1 = 1 UPS was ON this scan
Bit 2 = 1 UPS is currently ON
Bit 3 unused
Bit 4 = 1 RTS is not active
Bit 5 = DTR not active
Bit 6 = 1 Memory Backup Battery OK
Bit 7 = 1 unused
34 1
Arithmetic status register set by ADD, SUB, MUL,DIV
instructions.
Bit 2 = Arithmetic overflow
Bit 7 = Arithmetic carry
Logic status register set by CMP (compare) instruct.
Bit 4 set Operand 1 =Operand2
Bit 5 set Operand 1 < Operand 2 (unsigned)
Bit 6 set Operand 1 < Operand 2 (signed)
35 1 Reserved
80 6 Software stores Scheme Name here.
200 32
16 x analog channel A0 (Pin 1) signed 16 bit channel (155mV/bit)
232 2
PROLOGGER internal temperature signal±500°C range (0.1°C
resolution/bit)
234 2 10V reference (0.01V/bit) (Pin 35)
236 2 Supply (Battery) voltage scaled 0.01V/bit
238 2 5V scan synchronised reference voltage (0.01V/bit) (Pin18)
UNIDATA
42 PROGRAMMING THE PROLOGGER
8.2.2 Logger Scan Counter
This is incremented every scan and when loaded with a scheme represents the
number of scan intervals past 1/1/1980 at 00:00:00.
8.3 PROLOGGER - Program
The PROLOGGER is a programmable data recording unit. The program
resides in the first part of the logger’s main memory (after the Hardware
Registers and Buffer Control Table). It is defined by a user and loaded into
logger memory from the host computer.
The logger program is executed every logger scan (from 0.125 of a second to
5 minutes). The first instruction in the logger program is at Address 384. The
PROLOGGER executes this program until an EXIT instruction is
encountered (opcode = 0), then the logger proceeds to service the RS232 port
of the computer.
8.3.1 PROLOGGER - Operation Sequence
Every logger scan cycle, the logger hardware performs the following
sequence:
1.
Read all channels and store their values in the Hardware Register area
(Address 0 to 255).
2.
Execute the logger program (until EXIT detected).
3.
If an RS-232 connection is sensed, send
*CR
prompt to the Computer
Port and wait 0.5 second for a response.
4.
Shut down the PROLOGGER and await next scan time.
8.3.2 PROLOGGER - Program Instructions
A logger program starts at Address 384 and consists of one or more
instructions. Each instruction is four bytes long (even though some
instructions do not use all four bytes). An instruction takes about 0.5
millisecond to interpret and execute.
PROLOGGER Hardware
PROGRAMMING THE PROLOGGER 43
8.4 Typical instructions
TIMED GOTO Timer controlled logging sequences
CONDITIONALGOTO Event controlled logging sequences
LOAD Flexible data storage command
(BLOCK) MOVE Block, Word and Byte move
ACCUMULATE Block summation for averaging
OUTPUT Control output sequences
BLOCK CLEAR Storageinitialization
ADDITION 2 & 4 byte operands, 4 byte result
SUBTRACTION 2 & 4 byte operands, 4 byte result
MULTIPLICATION 2 & 4 byte operands, 4 byte result
DIVISION 2 & 4 byte operands, 4 byte result or 2 byte
result & remainder
SERIAL INPUT/OUTPUT Bi-directional Data Bus read/write
8.5 Buffer Control Table
Information to be recorded by the PROLOGGER is stored in one of eight
memory areas. Normally only one memory area is used and this occupies all
free external memory, starting at Address 1536 and ending at the limit of the
PROLOGGER’s CMOS memory (512k).
For some log programs requiring lookup tables, the storage starting address
may be different.
The storage of channel data in these memory areas (buffers) is controlled by
pointer registers held in the Buffer Control Table. Both standard 16 bit and
extended 32 bit pointers are supported by Revision #32 firmware. The
PROLOGGER‘s LOG instructions uses one table entry for each buffer
(memory area).
An extended (32 bit, 4 byte pointers) Buffer Control Table, illustrated
overleaf, is indicated by setting bit 7 of the flag byte (BFLO) in the Buffer
Control Table entry for the appropriate buffer(s).
UNIDATA
44 PROGRAMMING THE PROLOGGER
Standard and extended buffers can be intermixed, but only extended buffers
can log data past the 64K memory limit.
8.5.1 Buffer Format Convention
Information is stored in the data buffers as a sequence of one or more data
bytes. Each sequence is called a ‘log entry’. There may be many log entries in
each buffer.
There are two log entry types:
•
Fixed TIME and SIZE.
•
Variable TIME and fixed SIZE.
n
Fixed TIME and SIZE
This is the most common form of log entry. Each entry is a fixed number of
bytes long and is stored at a fixed interval. For example, recording the wind
speed and ambient temperature every hour would produce fixed TIME and
SIZE log entries.
PROLOGGER Hardware
PROGRAMMING THE PROLOGGER 45
256
260
264
268
272
Current Buffer Pointer
Buffer Status Flags
Reserved
End Buffer Pointer
Start Buffer Pointer
Current Buffer Pointer
Buffer Status Flags
End Buffer Pointer
Start Buffer Pointer
SmallExtended
(up to 64K)
Buffer 0
Buffer 1
76543 210
XT
OV NC
Extended Addressing
BCT (32 bit pointers)
OV=1
Buffer has overflowed
NC=1 Non-Circular Data Buffer
XT=1
(32 bit)
(16 bit)
(16 bit)
(16 bit)
Buffer overflow counter
(24 bit)
LM MC EV OF
OF=1
Buffer overflow
EV=1
Counter active (event
based logging)
LM=1
Log to memory card
MC=1
Memory card active
R
R
Reserved
n
Variable TIME and Fixed SIZE
This form is used with event-initiated log entries. The first 4 bytes of the
entry is the time that the event occurred. The time bytes come from Register
Address 4 to 7 followed by the log entry (if any). For example, if an event
initiated log entry stored the instantaneous value channel 1, the entry would
be:
time (4 bytes), channel 1 (1 byte)
UNIDATA
46 PROGRAMMING THE PROLOGGER
9 PROLOGGER CONFIGURATION TABLE
The PROLOGGER has a number of operating modes for its analog inputs.
During factory calibration and testing a standard setup and some calibration
factors are permanently written into the logger’s firmware (in ROM). This
part of the firmware is referred to as the Configuration Table and a copy of it
is also located in protected memory. If a different configuration is required,
you may alter parts of the table.
This chapter describes the Configuration Table and its operation.
9.1 Default Configuration Table
The PROLOGGER has a permanent (default) copy of the Configuration
Table in a ROM (Read Only Memory) chip. This default version instructs the
logger to operate with commonly used settings. A user may alter some (or all)
of these default settings to instruct the logger in another manner.
PROLOGGER Hardware
PROLOGGER CONFIGURATION TABLE 47
0
Hardware Registers
Buffer Control Table
Log Buffers
8192
Real Address Virtual Address
Log Program
end of memory
256
384
0
Virtual Address is the
address used by the
LOG program and other
user communications.
Real Address
is the actual
hardware
protected
memory
memory address.
512k
Memory Map of Real and Virtual Addresses.
9.2 Memory Layout and Protected Memory
A small portion of the PROLOGGER memory is set aside for housekeeping
functions such as I/O buffers and the LCD Scheme Display List. This portion
of memory is protected (hidden) from normal logger operations and cannot be
read or written by the Log Program or normal GET/PUT commands.
9.3 Configuration Table Layout
The Configuration Table is stored in ROM and may be read by the computer
using the
S/s
commands. The configuration table contains an array of 16 bit
(LSB/MSB) variables which control many aspects of the PROLOGGER’s
operation (such as scan rate). The (i)nt command is used to permanently alter
settings in the configuration table. Some settings may be viewed and adjusted
from the Display/Keyboard.
A copy of the configuration table is also stored at Real Address 0 and may be
read using the protected
R
(ead) command. This copy is not used for
PROLOGGER control, it is available for reference only.
UNIDATA
48 PROLOGGER CONFIGURATION TABLE
9.4 PROLOGGER Linear Calibration Correction
The PROLOGGER uses the following linear correction formula:-
y=gx+o
Where: y = corrected value.
x = raw value (from A/D converter).
g = gain coefficient.
o = offset coefficient.
The gain coefficient (g) is made up of the gain coefficients from the
appropriate Gain Drive Table gain stage entry. The same applies to the offset
coefficient (o).
These coefficients represent decimal numbers (e.g. 0.15) which are stored in
the PROLOGGER in a normalised 16 bit form.
n
GAIN
The decimal gain coefficient is multiplied by 8192 to form the PROLOGGER
gain coefficient entry. That is, each bit is 1/8192 or 1.2207E-4.
g = 0.00610
g = 0.00610 * 8192 = 50 (or 32 HEX)
Gain coefficients must be POSITIVE.
n
OFFSET
The decimal offset coefficient is multiplied by 8 to form the PROLOGGER
offset coefficient entry in bits. This offset must take into account the 16 bit
A/D conversion as each offset bit has a magnitude of 1/64516 of the input
signal range (155µV/bit in the -5V to 5V range).
For example:
Gain stage = 1, input range -5 to 5V
each bit = 10,000,000/64516 = 155mV
therefore, if O (offset)= 1.55mV on a gain of 1
= 1.55/0.155 x8=80(50HEX)
Offset coeffiecients may be POSITIVE or NEGATIVE.
PROLOGGER Hardware
PROLOGGER CONFIGURATION TABLE 49
9.5 Initialisation via the RS-232
Before the PROLOGGER can be used it must be initialised. In some cases,
the logger may have stopped scanning to conserve its battery. Normally this
initialisation occurs automatically when the logger is loaded with a Scheme.
The command to initialise (or re-initialise) the logger is:
Issss (where ssss is a 4 HEX ASCII number equal to the logger serial
number)
The response from the logger following the initialisation is:
CC c/r (where CC is the checksum error in the Configuration Table)
if CC = 00 the resident Configuration Table is valid and the logger has
been initialised to use its configuration.
if CC = 01 the resident Configuration Table is corrupted and the logger
must be returned to UNIDATA for service.
9.6 Read/Write Protected Memory
There are five RS-232 commands used with the PROLOGGER. They relate
to the maintenance and initialization of the Configuration Table. For a
complete list of STARLOG Protocol commands see Appendix B.
Command Description
S Read the default copy of the Configuration Table from ROM.
N Read the loggers serial number.
Issss Initialize the logger with the Configuration Table.
RssssBBLLCC Read from or write to real memory Wssss BBLLCCddddcccc
(same construct as GET/PUT but with checksum of configuration
table (cccc = MSB/LSB))
Tssss Activiate diagnostic firmware
ssss in these instructions relates to the 16 bit serial number of the
PROLOGGER and acts as a password for protected commands.
cccc is the checksum for the (W)rite command includes serial# (password),
address, size and data fields (i.e., everything except the “W” command and
the checksum itself).
The ‘S’ command does not require the serial number password as it only
reads the configuration table.
UNIDATA
50 PROLOGGER CONFIGURATION TABLE
10 TEST DIAGNOSTICS
The PROLOGGER has inbuilt diagnostic firmware activated by the protected
command:
Tssss = serial number
Warning: Once you select diagnostic mode, information stored in the logger
may be lost. Always unload the logger before performing test diagnostic
requests and reload the logger after diagnostics.
10.1 Diagnostic
This diagnostic offers several tasks used to test and calibrate the
PROLOGGER during manufacture. Each task corresponds to a single
character sent to the logger via the RS-232 computer interface. After
receiving the Protected Command
Tssss
, the logger enters Diagnostic Mode
and sends the message:
PROLOGGER Diagnostics 7001A V33.0F"
...followed by a menu of diagnostic commands.
The diagnostic then awaits the entry of a Task Command from the host
computer. When a Task Command is received, the logger executes the Task
then awaits another Task Command (unless the previous task exited the
logger from the Diagnostic Mode).
The serial number must be in hex format and entered Least Significant Byte
to Most Significant Byte. For example, the serial number 4001 is hex number
0FA7 and should be entered using the Tssss command in the following order
TA70F.
Warning
: Diagnostic Mode is intended for technical maintenance. Certain
protection features are disabled. TAKE CARE.
PROLOGGER Hardware
TEST DIAGNOSTICS 51
10.1.1 Task Command List
n
ANALOG
A Continuously convert and display single ended channels A0...A7.
B Continuously convert and display single ended channels A8...A15.
F Select differential signals.
H Select High level signals GAIN = 1 (0–5.00.V).
I Continuously convert and display temperature and battery
readings.
L Select Low level signals GAIN = 100 (0–50mV).
M Select Medium level signals GAIN = 10 (0–500mV).
E Select Extra Low level signals GAIN = 1000 (0–5mV).
n
CONTROL
K Kill (exit from) Diagnostic Mode. Resets logger.
S Sleep. Shut down logger to conserve batteries when the logger is
left unused for long periods.
Warning:
logger will be left in an uninitializedstate and will not scan. The
User must reset the logger using the Issss command (or reload the logger
with a valid Scheme).
n
COUNTER
Y Continuously read and display four Counter channels in hertz
(frequency mode).
T Continuously read and display four Counter channels in binary.
Type any character to stop continuous conversion mode.
n
INPUT/OUTPUTS
J Display Binary inputs UIN0/UIN1.
O Set Binary output UOT1/(LEDs), UOT0(CNTL), UOT2(ANLG).
V Test HSIO OUT0 (pulse output).
n
KEYBOARD/DISPLAY
D Test LCD display.
UNIDATA
52 TEST DIAGNOSTICS
P Test keyboard.
n
MEMORY
X Test memory circuit.
Z Write/Read cycle through 256 date values on RAM address 0.
R Test RAM/ROM shadow.
n
MISCELLANEOUS
CR Pressing the Enter key will end the current command (if any) and
display the Command Menu.
Esc End the current command.
n
POWER SUPPLIES
U Toggle user power supplies.
W Toggle +5V Scan Synchronised Power supply.
PROLOGGER Hardware
TEST DIAGNOSTICS 53
Appendix A - OPERATING ERRORS
When the PROLOGGER detects certain error conditions it sets flags in
Register Address 3.
Flag Meaning Result
CS
Checksum error or other inconsistency found in the
PROLOGGERs Configuration Table or firmware
Fatal
BT Battery is too low for safe operation. Fatal
OS
Operator Stop. logger entered Sleep mode by
command (not due to detected error.)
Fatal
MB
Lithium memory backup battery needs replacement or is
not installed (default).
Warning
B1 B0
00 Battery OK, 01 Battery Low,
10 Battery Flat, 11 Battery Dead
Warning
RT
User Log Program exceeded maximum runtime and was
prematurely terminated (no EXIT instruction or
corrupted/incorrectLog Program.
Warning
SC Scan counter fault detected. Warning
Error flags are divided into WARNING and FATAL errors. FATAL errors
cause the PROLOGGER to stop operating and revert to sleep mode.
WARNING errors are for information only.
To
wake
a logger from sleep mode the logger must be connected to a
computer and the RTS signal presented. This powers on the logger but does
not allow signal scanning or log programsto run, however normal RS-232
communications can occur after the prompt (*CR).
A logger RESET will also set the logger from sleep to operating state.
PROLOGGER Hardware
1
53241
RT
0
SC B1 MB OSB0 BT6CS
7 BITS
Register Address 3
(ERROR FLAGS)
The ERROR FLAGS are READ ONLY and cannot be reset by a log program
or a (P)ut command. These flags are only cleared when the logger is RESET
(using the I command or Keyboard RESET).
UNIDATA
2
Appendix B - PROLOGGER REVISIONS
This is a list of PROLOGGER firmware. Beside each model is a list of serial
numbers and firmware included in each logger when it was released from the
factory. Features of each revision are listed. You can use this list to determine
your upgrade options.
It is possible to upgrade PROLOGGER firmware within a particular model
(contact your UNIDATA office for information).
It is not possible to upgrade firmware across different models.
Model Firmware Feature
7001A
Revision 33.0F
Serial No. 300
Original release.
PROLOGGER Hardware
1
Appendix C - STARLOG PROTOCOL
COMMAND LIST
There is no response if a GET or READ request has a bad checksum.
Command Format Response
G G/get data block from
data logger
GAAAASS ddddcccc(CR)
g gaaaaaaaasssscccc
P P/put data block to
data logger
PAAAASSdddd eecccc(CR)
p paaaaaaaassssddddcccc
W W/write protected
mode
WnnnnAAAASSdddd eecccc(CR)
w wnnnnaaaaaaaassssddddcccc
R R/read protected mode RnnnnAAAASS/r ddddcccc(CR)
r rnnnnaaaaaaaasssscccc
T T/test mode
(Diagnostics)
Tnnnnzz
t tnnnnzz
I
Initialise
CDT/Firmware
Innnnzz ee(CR)
S
Unload CDT from
PROM
S ddddcccc(CR)
s
Partial Unload of CDT
from PROM*
sss ddddcccc(CR)
N N/number (serial#) of
logger
N nnnncccc(CR)
nn
K K/kill (power down
logger)
K
kk
* where the last ss is the size of unload.
PROLOGGER Hardware
1
C - 1 Standard/Extended Command Differences
Standard (UPPER CASE)
supports 64K (16 bit) address and 256 byte (8 bit)
data transfers.
Extended (lower case) supports 4G (32 bit) address and 16K (16 bit) data
transfers except the (p)ut/(w)rite commands which
are limited to 1024 byte (10 bit) data transfers.
C - 2 Definitions
AAAA = 4 Hex memory address (16 bit) MSB/LSB
aaaaaaaa = 8 Hex memory address (32 bit) MSB...LSB
SS = 2 Hex size in bytes of transfer (8 bit 00=256)
ssss = 4 Hex size in bytes of transfer (16 bit 0000=65536) MSB/LSB
zz = 2 Hex parameter (8 bit)
dd = 2 Hex data per byte transferred (if applicable)
cccc = 4 Hex data binary addition checksum (16 bit) MSB/LSB
excluding the C/c and the cccc fields.
nnnn = 4 Hex logger serial # (16 bit) password LSB/MSB
ee = 2 Hex error code (00=OK)
C - 3 (i)nit Parameters
0 = Init USER configuration table
1 = Load Firmware from RAM
2 = Load USER configuration table from RAM (then init00)
3 = Load FACTORY configuration table from RAM (then init02)
4 = Copy FACTORY configuration table to USER configuration
table (then init02)
Error Codes
00 = OK
01 = Bad checksum in ROM
UNIDATA
2
02 = PROM/Verify Fail
03 = Mirror Fail
04 = Bad checksum in RAM firmware
PROLOGGER Hardware
3
Appendix D - USING THE SDI-12 INTERFACE
D - 1 INTRODUCTION
SDI-12 is an industry-originated, serial digital interface bus designed to allow
connection of a wide variety of transducers (meteorological, hydrological,
water quality, etc.) to a single SDI-12 data recorder with a single cable bus.
The PROLOGGER is such a data recorder. This means that you can, for
instance, connect several SDI-12 sensors to a PROLOGGER and not have to
worry about combinations of signal types (RS-232, parallel analog, BCD,
serial analog, RS-422, etc.).
A unique feature of the PROLOGGER is its ability to operate as an SDI-12
Data Recorder or an SDI-12 Sensor.
This appendix assumes that the reader is familiar with the operation of the
SDI-12 Sensor (the Sensor) and the PROLOGGER (the Recorder). For more
information see the STARLOG Programmer’s Manual, number 6201.
D - 2 THEORY OF OPERATION
When the PROLOGGER sends a “break signal”, the Sensor awakes and
captures the SDI-12 command following the break signal. If the command is
valid, the Sensor reads its address setting to see whether or not its address is
in fact being called, or if the address of some other device (at another
location) is being sought. If the logger is looking for a different address, the
Sensor will go back to sleep until another break signal is received.
If the address being sent belongs to the Sensor, it will scan the instructions
coming from the logger to see what action is required. The two most
important commands at this time are:
Measure: If the Sensor receives the START MEASUREMENT
command, it will report back to the logger the number of
parameters enabled for measurement, and that these parameters
are available to be sent to the logger immediately.
Data: If the Sensor receives the SEND DATA command, it will send
the last parameter readings measured to the PROLOGGER for
storage.
PROLOGGER Hardware
1
D - 3 MASTER MODE (SDI-12 DATA RECORDER)
Using the PROLOGGER as an SDI-12 Data Recorder allows several
PROLOGGERs to be connected together.
D - 3.1. SDI-12 Data Recorder Commands
Two Scheme Program instructions are used to control the SDI-12 Master
operation:
SDIGET which collects measurements from the nominated SDI-12
sensor, and
SDICONV which converts the collected data for use by the Log Program.
Measurements may be converted into fixed point Short Integers (for
manipulation by the Scheme), Floating Point Numbers (for logging by the
Scheme) or an ASCII string.
•
Integers are two bytes.
•
Floating Point numbers are 4 bytes.
•
An ASCII string is zero byte terminated.
D - 3.2. Data Recorder Coordination
Once an SDI-12 communication has commenced (SDIGET instruction
executed) the SDI-12 Bus is busy and will ignore any subsequent SDIGET
commands until the active measurement transfer is complete. The
measurements are stored in memory, to be converted by a SDICONV
instruction. Converted measurements (stored on PROLOGGER channels)
may be further processed by the Scheme program and logged.
Because most SDI-12 sensors require considerable time to make their
measurements (typically 60 seconds), the PROLOGGER remains powered up
awaiting a response from the sensor. This mode of operation usually requires
the Scheme Program to initiate SDI-12 Measurements (SDIGETs) prior to the
desired Log Interval.
The sequencing of the SDI-12 measurements is under the control of the
Scheme Program (which is defined during Scheme Editing.) (See Chapter 7
in the STARLOG Version 3 Software Manual No. 6245.)
UNIDATA
2
D - 3.3. Measurement Errors
If an error occurs during a data collection sequence (SDIGET), the sequence
is retried a total of 10 times (configurable). A non-recoverable error causes
the SDIGET instruction to report a “null” result and a subsequent SDICONV
will not return any data (the channel readings remain unchanged from their
last good reading).
D - 3.4. Transparent Mode (Extended Commands)
The PROLOGGER supports a transparent mode of operation that allows
ad-hoc commands from an external computer (or modem) to be sent to
SDI-12 sensors connected to the SDI-12 bus.
This mode is entered using the STARLOG protected command:
tssss01
Extended commands may be issued while the Scheme Program is operating,
but remember that the extended commands may disrupt the Scheme Program
data collection timing. Type
Alt+T
from within the Communications window to enter this mode.
D - 3.5. SDI-12 Test
To check the operation of the SDI-12 system the following sequence can be
tested. Configure the PROLOGGER as SDI-12 Data Recorder to enable
SDI-12 operation. At address 384 (Log Program) insert these instructions:
128 0 255 4 SDIGET BUSY
129 1 100 0 SDICONV INTEGER,100
128 0 0 0 SDIGET ADDR0
0 BUSY:EXIT
This sequence will branch to BUSY whilst SDI-12 bus is busy – then convert
the previous measurement to 16 bit integers stored into addr 100 – then issue
an SDI-12 measurement sequence to the Sensor at SDI-12 address 0.
PROLOGGER Hardware
3
D - 3.6. INTERROGATION MODE (SDI-12 SENSOR)
Using the PROLOGGER as an SDI-12 Sensor enables it to be interrogated by
another PROLOGGER (or any SDI-12 Recorder). The SLAVE
PROLOGGERs do not record their measurements (although they could do so)
but instead, send the computed results to the MASTER PROLOGGER for
logging. The PROLOGGER will continue to operate at its pre-set scan rate
and will perform all the normal logging functions.
STARLOG measurements, RS-232 communications and data logging,
co-exist with SDI-12 interrogation.
Whenever an SDI-12 Data Recorder issues a START MEASUREMENT/
SEND DATA sequence, the PROLOGGER immediately responds with the
latest parameter readings.
In this mode, the SDI-12 command START MEASUREMENT does not
initiate a new measurement cycle and the data is always valid and available
for immediate retrieval by the Data Recorder.
D - 3.7. CHANGING THE PROLOGGER ADDRESS
Address 0 is the default address setting for SDI-12; each PROLOGGER is
shipped set to address 0.
UNIDATA
4
D - 4 PROLOGGER SDI-12 IMPLEMENTATION
Command Description Sensor Data Recorder
a!
Acknowledge
4
8
aI!
Send identification
48
aV!
Start verification
48
aM!
Start measurement
44
aD0! Send data
48
Unused Commands
aM1...9! Start additional Measurement
84
aD1...9! Send additional Data
88
Extended commands
84
D - 4.1. DEFAULT SETTINGS
address = 0
retry = 10
# of channels = 2
SDI0 channel 1 address = 200 A0
SDI1 channel 2 address = 202 A1
SDI2 channel 3 address = 204 A2
SDI3 channel 4 address = 206 A3
SDI4 channel 5 address = 208 A4
ID string = 011UNIDATA 7001A 2200000<CR><LF>
VERIFY string = 00000<CR><LF>
START string = 00002<CR><LF>
D - 4.2. ALTERING SDI-12 SETTINGS
Change the PROLOGGER Configuration Setting (see Appendix D of the
STARLOG Version 3 Software Manual #6245) to adjust SDI-12 settings in
the PROLOGGER’s Configuration Table. Adjustments are:
address = 0…9
retry count =1…25
# of channels = 0…5
channel 0…4addr = n (location of 16 bit channel in the PROLOGGER
Register Block)
PROLOGGER Hardware
5
Loading...