5-2 Results of Tuning the Output Trap Filter........................................ 5-9
LX Series, Rev. 1 v
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 1, Introduction
Chapter 1
Introduction
1.1 Manual Overview
This manual explains the installation,
setup, alignment, and maintenance
procedures for the Power Amplifier
Assembly for the Innovator LX Series
transmitter. It is important that you
read all of the instructio ns, especially
the safety information in this chapter,
before you begin to install or operate
the unit.
This instruction manual is divided into
five chapters and supporting appendices.
Chapter 1, Introduction, contains
information on the assembly numbering
system used in the manual, safety,
maintenance, return procedures, and
warranties. Chapter 2, Amplifier
Assembly Description, Maintenance &
Remote Control Connections, describes
the amplifier assembly and includes
discussions on control and status
indicators and remote control
connections. Chapter 3, Site
Considerations, Installation and Setup
Procedures, explains how to unpack,
install, setup, and operate the power
amplifier assembly. Chapter 4, Circuit
Descriptions, contains circuit level
descriptions for boards and board level
components in the power amplifier.
Chapter 5, Detailed Alignment
Procedures, provides information on
adjusting the power amplifier and the
system for optimal operation. Appendix
A contains system specifications.
Appendix B contains assembly and
subassembly drawings and parts lists.
Appendix C contains a transmitter log
sheet.
1.2 Assembly Designators
Axcera has assigned assembly numbers,
such as Ax (x=1,2,3…), to all assemblies,
trays, and boards that are referenced in
the text of this manual and shown on the
block diagrams and interconnect
drawings provided in the appendices.
These supporting documents are
arranged in increasing numerical order in
the appendices. Section titles in the text
for assembly or tray descriptions or
alignment procedures contain the
associated part number(s) and the
relevant appendix that contains the
drawings for that item.
The cables that connect between the
boards within a tray or assembly and
that connect between the trays, racks
and cabinets are labeled using Brady
markers.
Figure 1-1 is an example of a Brady
marked cable. There may be as few as
two or as many as four Markers on any
one cable. These Brady markers are
read starting furthest from the
connector. If there are four Brady
Markers, this marker is the transmitter
number such as transmitter 1 or
transmitter 2. The next or the furthest
Brady Marker is the rack or cabinet
number on an interconnect cable or the
board number within a tray. The next
number on an interconnect cable is the
tray location or number. The Brady
marker closest to the connector is the
jack or connector number on an
interconnect cable or the jack or
connector number on the board within a
tray.
Figure 1-1 Brady Marker Identification Drawing
LX Series, Rev. 1 1-1
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 1, Introduction
1.3 Safety
The transmitters and associated power
amplifier assemblies manufactured by
Axcera are designed to be easy to use
and repair while providing protection
from electrical and mechanical hazards.
Listed throughout the manual are notes,
cautions, and warnings concerning
possible safety hazards that may be
encountered while operating or servicing
the transmitter. Please review these
warnings and familiarize yourself with the
operation and servicing procedures
before working on the assembly.
Read All Instructions – All of the
operating and safety instructions should
be read and understood before operating
this equipment.
Retain Manuals – The manuals for the
power amplifier assembly and the
transmitter should be retained at the
transmitter site for future reference. We
provide two sets of manuals for this
purpose; one set can be left at the office
while one set can be kept at the site.
Heed all Notes, Warnings, and
Cautions – All of the notes, warnings,
and cautions listed in this safety section
and throughout the manual must be
followed.
Follow Instructions – All of the
operating and use instructions for the
amplifier assembly should be followed.
Cleaning – Unplug or otherwise
disconnect all power from the equipment
before cleaning. Do not use liquid or
aerosol cleaners. Use a damp cloth for
cleaning.
Ventilation – Openings in the cabinets
and modules front panels are provided
for ventilation. To ensure the reliable
operation of the amplifier assembly, and
to protect the unit from overheating,
these openings must not be blocked.
Servicing – Do not attempt to service
this product yourself until becoming
familiar with the equipment. If in doubt,
refer all servicing questions to qualified
Axcera service personnel.
Replacement Parts – When
replacement parts are used, be sure that
the parts have the same functional and
performance characteristics as the
original part. Unauthorized substitutions
may result in fire, electric shock, or other
hazards. Please contact the Axcera
Technical Service Department if you have
any questions regarding service or
replacement parts.
1.4 Contact Information
The Axcera Field Service Department can
be contacted by phone at (724) 873-8100 or by fax at (724) 873-8105.
Before calling Axcera, please be prepared
to supply the Axcera technicia n with
answers to the following questions. This
will save time and help ensure the most
direct resolution to the problem.
1. What are the Customers’ Name
and call letters?
2. What are the model number and
type of transmitter?
3. Is the transmitter digital or
analog?
4. How long has the transmitter
been on the air? (Approximately
when was the transmitter
installed.)
5. What are the symptoms being
exhibited by the transmitter?
Include the current control/power
supply LCD readings and the
status of LEDs on the front
panels of the modules. If
possible, include the
control/power supply LCD
readings before the problem
occurred.
1.5 Return Material Procedure
To insure the efficient handling of
equipment or components that have been
returned for repair, Axcera requests that
each returned item be accompanied by a
LX Series, Rev. 1 1-2
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 1, Introduction
Return Material Authorization Number
(RMA#).
An RMA# can be obtained from any
Axcera Field Service Engineer by
contacting the Axcera Field Service
Department at (724) 873-8100 or by fax
at (724) 873-8105. This procedure
applies to all items sent to the Field
Service Department regardless of
whether the item was originally
manufactured by Axcera.
When equipment is sent to the field on
loan, an RMA# is included with the unit.
The RMA# is intended to be used when
the unit is returned to Axcera. In
addition, all shipping material should be
retained for the return of the unit to
Axcera.
Replacement assemblies are also sent
with an RMA# to allow for the proper
routing of the exchanged hardware.
Failure to close out this type of RMA# will
normally result in the customer being
invoiced for the value of the loaner item
or the exchange assembly.
When shipping an item to Axcera, please
include the RMA# on the packing list and
on the shipping container. The packing
slip should also include contact
information and a brief description of why
the unit is being returned.
Please forward all RMA items to:
AXCERA, LLC
103 Freedom Drive
P.O. Box 525
Lawrence, PA 15055-0525 USA
For more information concerning this
procedure, call the Axcera Field Service
Department.
Axcera can also be contacted through email at info@axcera.com and on the
Web at www.axcera.com.
1.6 Limited One Year Warranty for
Axcera Products
Axcera warrants each new product that
it has manufactured and sold against
defects in material and workmanship
under normal use and service for a
period of one (1) year from the date of
shipment from Axcera's plant, when
operated in accordance with Axcera's
operating instructions. This warranty
shall not apply to tubes, fuses,
batteries, or bulbs.
Warranties are valid only when and if
(a) Axcera receives prompt written
notice of breach within the period of
warranty, (b) the defective product is
properly packed and returned by the
buyer (transportation and insurance
prepaid), and (c) Axcera determines, in
its sole judgment, that the product is
defective and not subject to any misuse,
neglect, improper installation,
negligence, accident, or (unless
authorized in writing by Axcera) repair
or alteration. Axcera's exclusive liability
for any personal and/or property
damage (including direct, consequential,
or incidental) caused by the breach of
any or all warranties, shall be limited to
the following: (a) repairing or replacing
(in Axcera's sole discretion) any
defective parts free of charge (F.O.B.
Axcera’s plant) and/or (b) crediting (in
Axcera's sole discretion) all or a portion
of the purchase price to the buyer.
Equipment furnished by Axcera, but not
bearing its trade name, shall bear no
warranties other than the special hours of-use or other warranties extended by
or enforceable against the manufacturer
at the time of delivery to the buyer.
NO WARRANTIES, WHETHER
STATUTORY, EXPRESSED, OR
IMPLIED, AND NO WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR
ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR
FREEDOM FROM INFRINGEMENT,
OR THE LIKE, OTHER THAN AS
SPECIFIED IN PATENT LIABILITY
ARTICLES, AND IN THIS ARTICLE,
SHALL APPLY TO THE EQUIPMENT
FURNISHED HEREUNDER.
LX Series, Rev. 1 1-3
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 1, Introduction
FWARNING!!!
×HIGH VOLTAGEØ
DO NOT ATTEMPT TO REPAIR OR TROUBLESHOOT THIS EQUIPMENT UNLESS
YOU ARE FAMILIAR WITH ITS OPERATION AND EXPERIENCED IN
SERVICING HIGH VOLTAGE EQUIPMENT. LETHAL VOLTAGES ARE PRESENT
WHEN POWER IS APPLIED TO THIS SYSTEM. IF POSSIBLE, TURN OFF
POWER BEFORE MAKING ADJUSTMENTS TO THE SYSTEM.
« RADIO FREQUENCY RADIATION HAZARD «
MICROWAVE, RF AMPLIFIERS AND TUBES GENERATE HAZARDOUS RF
RADIATION THAT CAN CAUSE SEVERE INJURY INCLUDING CATARACTS,
WHICH CAN RESULT IN BLINDNESS. SOME CARDIAC PACEMAKERS MAY BE
AFFECTED BY THE RF ENERGY EMITTED BY RF AND MICROWAVE
AMPLIFIERS. NEVER OPERATE THE TRANSMITTER SYSTEM WITHOUT A
PROPERLY MATCHED RF ENERGY ABSORBING LOAD ATTACHED. KEEP
PERSONNEL AWAY FROM OPEN WAVEGUIDES AND ANTENNAS. NEVER LOOK
INTO AN OPEN WAVEGUIDE OR ANTENNA. MONITOR ALL PARTS OF THE RF
SYSTEM FOR RADIATION LEAKAGE AT REGULAR INTERVALS.
LX Series, Rev. 1 1-4
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 1, Introduction
EMERGENCY FIRST AID INSTRUCTIONS
Personnel engaged in the installation, operation, or maintenance of this equipment are urged to become
familiar with the following rules both in theory and practice. It is the duty of all operating personnel to be
prepared to give adequate Emergency First Aid and thereby prevent avoidable loss of life.
RESCUE BREATHING
1. Find out if the person is
breathing.
You must find out if the person
has stopped breathing. If you
think he is not breathing, place
him flat on his back. Put your ear
close to his mouth and look at his
chest. If he is breathing you can
feel the air on your cheek. You
can see his chest move up and
down. If you do not feel the air
or see the chest move, he is not
breathing.
2. If he is not breathing, open
the airway by tilting his head
backwards.
Lift up his neck with one hand
and push down on his forehead
with the other. This opens the
airway. Sometimes doing this will
let the person breathe again by
himself.
SKIN REDDENED: Apply ice cold water to burned
area to prevent burn from going deeper into skin
tissue. Cover area with clean sheet or cloth to keep
away air. Consult a physician.
SKIN BLISTERED OR FLESH CHARRED: Apply ice
cold water to burned area to prevent burn from
going deeper into skin tissue.
3. If he is still not breathing,
begin rescue breathing.
-Keep his head tilted backward.
Pinch nose shut.
-Put your mouth tightly over his
mouth.
-Blow into his mouth once every
five seconds
-DO NOT STOP rescue breathing
until help arrives.
LOOSEN CLOTHING - KEEP
WARM
Do this when the victim is
breathing by himself or help is
available. Keep him as quiet as
possible and from becoming
chilled. Otherwise treat him for
shock.
BURNS
Cover area with clean sheet or cloth to keep away
air. Treat victim for shock and take to hospital.
EXTENSIVE BURN - SKIN BROKEN: Cover area with
clean sheet or cloth to keep away air. Treat victim
for shock and take to hospital.
LX Series, Rev. 1 1-5
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 1, Introduction
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 1, Introduction
USEFUL CONVERSION FACTORS
TO CONVERT FROM TO MULTIPLY BY
mile (US statute) kilometer (km) 1.609347
inch (in) millimeter (mm) 25.4
inch (in) centimeter (cm) 2.54
inch (in) meter (m) 0.0254
foot (ft) meter (m) 0.3048
yard (yd) meter (m) 0.9144
mile per hour (mph) kilometer per hour(km/hr) 1.60934
mile per hour (mph) meter per second (m/s) 0.44704
pound (lb) kilogram (kg) 0.4535924
gallon (gal) liter 3.7854118
U.S. liquid
(One U.S. gallon equals 0.8327 Canadian gallon)
fluid ounce (fl oz) milliliters (ml) 29.57353
British Thermal Unit watt (W) 0.2930711
per hour (Btu/hr)
horsepower (hp) watt (W) 746
NOMENCLATURE OF FREQUENCY BANDS
FREQUENCY RANGE DESIGNATION
3 to 30 kHz VLF - Very Low Frequency
30 to 300 kHz LF - Low Frequency
300 to 3000 kHz MF - Medium Frequency
3 to 30 MHz HF - High Frequency
30 to 300 MHz VHF - Very High Frequency
300 to 3000 MHz UHF - Ultrahigh Frequency
3 to 30 GHz SHF - Superhigh Frequency
30 to 300 GHz EHF - Extremely High Frequency
LETTER DESIGNATIONS FOR UPPER FREQUENCY
BANDS
LETTER FREQ. BAND
L 1000 - 2000 MHz
S 2000 - 4000 MHz
C 4000 - 8000 MHz
X 8000 - 12000 MHz
Ku 12 - 18 GHz
K 18 - 27 GHz
Ka 27 - 40 GHz
V 40 - 75 GHz
W 75 - 110 GHz
LX Series, Rev. 1 1-7
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 1, Introduction
ABBREVIATIONS/ACRONYMS
AC Alternating Current
AFC Automatic Frequency Control
ALC Automatic Level Control
AM Amplitude modulation
AGC Automatic Gain Control
AWG American wire gauge
BER Bit Error Rate
BW Bandwidth
DC Direct Current
D/A Digital to analog
dB Decibel
dBm Decibel referenced to 1 milliwatt
dBmV Decibel referenced to 1 millivolt
dBw Decibel referenced to 1 watt
FEC Forward Error Correction
FM Frequency modulation
Hz Hertz
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 1, Introduction
N
dB
RETURN LOSS VS. VSWR
0
-10
-20
R
E
T
U
R
L
O
S
S
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
1.001 1.01 1.1 2.0
VSWR
LX Series, Rev. 1 1-9
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 2, Amplifier Assembly Description,
Maintenance & Remote Control Connections
Chapter 2
Amplifier Assembly Description, Maintenance
& Remote Control Connections
2.1 LX Series Power Amplifier Chassis
Assembly Overview
The power amplifier chassis assembly in
the LX Series contains modular television
amplifiers that slide into the assembly
each producing approximately 250 Watts
peak of sync output. There is also needed
one external Power Supply Module
Assembly for every two 250 Watt PA
modules, which also slide into the Power
Amplifier Chassis Assembly, under the PA
Modules. Four PA modules and two Power
Supply modules are the maximum
number of modules in one Power Amplifier
Chassis Assembly producing 1 kW analog
output power . Two Power Amplifier
Chassis Assemblies are required for 2 kW
analog output power, three Power
Amplifier Chassis Assemblies for 3 kW
analog, four Power Amplifier Chassis
Assemblies for 4 kW analog, five Power
Amplifier Chassis Assemblies for 5 kW
analog, and six Power Amplifier Chassis
Assemblies are required for 6 kW analog
output power.
In a 250W system the RF output of the
exciter/driver at the “N” connector J25
connects to the (A3) power amplifier
chassis assembly at the “N” connector
J201.
In a 500W or 1 kW system the RF output
of the exciter/driver at the “N” connector
J25 connects to the (A3) power amplifier
chassis assembly at the “N” connector
J200.
In a 2 kW system the RF output of the
exciter/driver connects to (A5) a 2 Way
Splitter Assembly. The two outputs of the
splitter connect to the (A3) and (A6)
power amplifier chassis assemblies at
J200.
In a 3 kW system the RF output of the
exciter/driver connects to (A5) a 4 Way
Splitter Assembly. Three outputs of the
splitter, the fourth at J5 is 5 Watt
terminated, connect to the (A3), (A6)
and (A13) power amplifier chassis
assemblies at J200.
In a 4 kW system there are two cabinet
assemblies (A1 and A2). The (A1)
cabinet assembly contains the (A1-A27)
exciter/driver assembly and the (A1-A6
and A1-A3) Power Amplifiers. The (A2)
cabinet assembly contains the (A2-A6
and A2-A3) Power Amplifiers. The RF
output of the exciter/driver connects to
(A1-A5) a 4 Way Splitter Assembly.
Three outputs of the splitter at J2, J4 and
J5 connect to the (A1-A3), (A2-A6) and
(A2-A3) power amplifier chassis
assemblies at J200. The fourth output of
the splitter at J1 is connected through
A1-A5-A1, a phase matching line, before
it is connected to the input of the
(A1-A6) Power Amplifier.
In a 5 kW system there are two cabinet
assemblies (A1 and A2). The (A1)
cabinet assembly contains the (A1-A27)
exciter/driver assembly and the (A1-A6
and A1-A3) Power Amplifiers. The (A2)
cabinet assembly contains the (A2-A6,
A2-A3 and A2-A13) Power Amplifiers.
The RF output of the exciter/driver at J25
connects to (A1-A5-A1) a 2 Way Splitter
Assembly. One output of the splitter
connects to (A2-A5) a 4 way splitter in
the (A2) cabinet and the other output
connects to (A1-A5-A2) a 4 way splitter
in the (A1) cabinet. Two of the outputs
of the (A1-A5-A2) splitter at J1 and J5
connect to the (A1-A6) and the (A1-A3)
power amplifier chassis assemblies at
J200. The RF outputs at J2 and J4 of the
(A1-A5-A2) splitter are terminated. The
other output of the (A1-A5-A1) splitter at
J2 connects to the (A2) cabinet at J3 of
(A2-A5) a 4 way splitter. Three of the
outputs of the (A2-A5) splitter at J1, J2
and J4 connect to the (A1-A6), (A1-A3)
LX Series, Rev. 1 2-1
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 2, Amplifier Assembly Description,
Maintenance & Remote Control Connections
and (A1-A13) power amplifier chassis
assemblies at J200. The other output of
the (A2-A5) splitter at J5 is terminated.
In a 6 kW system there are two cabinet
assemblies (A1 and A2). The (A1) cabinet
assembly contains the (A1-A27)
exciter/driver assembly and the (A1-A6,
A1-A3, and A1-A13) Power Amplifiers.
The (A2) cabinet assembly contains the
(A2-A6, A2-A3, and A2-A13) Power
Amplifiers. The RF output of the
exciter/driver at J25 connects to (A1-A5A1) a 2 Way Splitter Assembly. One
output of the splitter connects to (A2-A5)
a 4 way splitter in the (A2) cabinet and
the other output connects to (A1-A5-A2) a
4 way splitter in the (A1) cabinet. Three
of the outputs of the (A1-A5-A2) splitter
at J1, J2 and J4 connect to the (A1-A3),
(A1-A6) and (A1-A13) power amplifier
chassis assemblies at J200. The fourth
output of the (A1-A5-A2) splitter at J5 is
terminated. The other output of the (A1A5-A1) splitter at J2 connects to the (A2)
cabinet at J3 of (A2-A5) a 4 way splitter.
Three of the outputs of the (A2-A5)
splitter at J1, J2, and J4 connect to the
(A2-A3), (A2-A6), and (A2-A13) power
amplifier chassis assemblies at J200. The
other output of the (A2-A5) splitter at J5
is terminated.
Data and control inf ormation for the
system is fed through the system serial
cable. In a 250W, 500W or 1kW system,
the system serial cable connects from J34
on the exciter/driver assembly to J232 on
the (A3) Power Amplifier Assembly.
In a 2 kW system, the system serial cable
connects from J34 on the exciter/driver
assembly to J232 on the (A3) Power
Amplifier Assembly. The serial cable then
connects from J233 on the (A3) power
amplifier to J232 on the (A6) power
amplifier.
In a 3 kW system, the system serial cable
connects from J34 on the exciter/driver
assembly to J232 on the (A3) Power
Amplifier Assembly. The serial cable then
connects from J233 on the (A3) power
amplifier to J232 on the (A6) power
amplifier and from J233 on the (A6)
power amplifier to J232 on the (A13)
power amplifier.
In a 4 kW system, the system serial
cable connects from J34 on the
exciter/driver assembly to J232 on the
(A1-A3) Power Amplifier Assembly. The
serial cable then connects from J233 on
the (A1-A3) power amplifier to J232 on
the (A1-A6) power amplifier. The serial
cable next connects from J233 on (A1A6) to J233 on the (A2-A3) power
amplifier and then from J233 on the (A2A3) power amplifier to J232 on the (A2A6) power amplifier.
In a 5 kW system, the system serial
cable connects from J34 on the
exciter/driver assembly to J232 on the
(A1-A3) Power Amplifier Assembly. The
serial cable then connects from J233 on
the (A1-A3) power amplifier to J232 on
the (A1-A6) power amplifier. The serial
cable next connects from J233 on (A1A6) to J232 on the (A2-A3) power
amplifier. The serial cable next connects
from J233 on (A2-A3) to J232 on the
(A2-A6) power amplifier and then from
J233 on the (A2-A6) power amplifier to
J232 on the (A2-A13) power amplifier.
In a 6 kW system, the system serial
cable connects from J34 on the
exciter/driver assembly to J232 on the
(A1-A3) Power Amplifier Assembly. The
serial cable then connects from J233 on
the (A1-A3) power amplifier to J232 on
the (A1-A6) power amplifier. The serial
cable next connects from J233 on (A1A6) to J232 on the (A1-A13) power
amplifier. The serial cable next connects
from J233 on (A1-A13) to J232 on the
(A2-A3) power amplifier and then from
J233 on the (A2-A3) power amplifier to
J232 on the (A2-A6) power amplifier.
Finally the serial cable connects from
J233 on (A2-A6) to J232 on (A2-A13)
power amplifier.
LX Series, Rev. 1 2-2
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 2, Amplifier Assembly Description,
Maintenance & Remote Control Connections
2.1.1 Power Amplifier Chassis
Configurations
In the 250W power amplifier chassis
assembly the RF from J201 connects to
the OSP Jack J111 in the power amplifier
assembly. In the power amplifier chassis
assemblies above 250W, the RF from J200
connects to the SMA Jack J100 on the 4
way splitter assembly. The 4 outputs, in a
1 kW amplifier power amplifier assembly,
connect through the output SMA jacks to
OSP input jacks of the four slide in power
amplifier module assemblies. J101
connects to jack J111 on power amplifier
#1. J102 connects to jack J121 on power
amplifier #2. J103 connects to jack J131
on power amplifier #3. J104 connects to
jack J141 on power amplifier #4.
2.1.1.1 250 Watt Power Amplifier Chassis
Configuration
In a 250 Watt power amplifier chassis
assembly, the RF input at J201 is
connected to J111 on the power amplifier
module. The output of the power
amplifier at J112 connects to the RF
output jack J203 of the power amplifier
chassis assembly.
2.1.1.2 500 Watt Power Amplifier Chassis
Configuration
In a 500 Watt power amplifier chassis
assembly, Jacks J103 and J104, on the 4
way splitter assembly, are not used and
are terminated with 50O. Also, the power
amplifier modules #3 and #4 are not
2.1.2 System Configurations
Table 2-1: Typical LX Series Analog System Configuration Drawings and Parts Lists
ANALOG SYSTEM
CONFIGURATIONS
250W 1303515 1303383
500W
1 kW
INTERCONNECT RACKING PLANPARTS LIST
(Transmitter) 1303564
(Translator) 1303563
(Transmitter) 1303564
(Translator) 1303563
used. Finally a 2 way combiner is used in
place of the 4 way combiner.
2.1.1.3 1kW Power Amplifier Chassis
Configuration
In a 1 kW amplifier power amplifier
assembly, the output OSP jacks connect
to the OSP input jacks on the four way
combiner assembly. J112 connects to
J151 on the 4 way combiner. J122
connects to J152 on the 4 way combiner
power amplifier #2. J132 connects to
J153 on the 4 way combiner. J142
connects to J154 on the 4 way combiner.
Figure 2-1. 1 kW Power Amplifier
Assembly Racking Plan
In a 1 kW amplifier power amplifier
assembly, the (A5) power supply #1
provides voltages to the (A1) power
amplifier #1 and the (A3) power
amplifier #3 assemblies and the (A6)
power supply #2 provides voltages to the
(A2) power amplifier #2 and the (A4)
power amplifier #4.
(Transmitter) 1303865
(Translator) 1303862
1303383
1303383
(Transmitter) 1303864
(Translator) 1303269
(Transmitter) 1303604
(Translator) 1303272
LX Series, Rev. 1 2-3
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 2, Amplifier Assembly Description,
Maintenance & Remote Control Connections
NOTE: Refer to Table 2-1 for the
Interconnect, Racking Plan and Parts
List Numbers for your system. The
actual drawings and parts lists are
located in Appendix B of this manual.
A Drawing List of the order the
drawings appear in the Appendix is
found at the beginning of the section.
2.1.2.1 250 Watt, 500 Watt or 1kW
Output System Configurations
In a 250 Watt system, the output of the
(A3) power amplifier chassis assembly at
the 7/16” connector J203 is cabled to (A9)
the bandpass filter for the system. In a
500 Watt or 1 kW system, the output of
the (A3) power amplifier chassis assembly
at the 7/16” connector J205 is also cabled
to the (A9) bandpass filter. The filtered
output connects either directly to (A11)
the output coupler or first to the Optional
1 section or 2 section trap filter if more
filtering is needed and then to the output
coupler. The (A11) coupler assembly
supplies a forward and a reflected power
samples to the (A4) Visual/Aural Metering
Board. The Visual/Aural Metering Board
supplies reflected, visual and aural output
power samples to the exciter/ driver for
metering purposes. The reflected sample
connects to TB31-13, the visual sample at
TB31-14 and the aural output power
sample at TB31-15. The RF output for the
transmitter is at J2 the 7/8” EIA connector
on the (A11) coupler assembly.
2.1.2.2 2 kW Output System
Configuration
In a 2 kW system, the output of the (A3)
and the (A6) power amplifier chassis
assemblies, at the “7/16” connectors
J205, are cabled to (A7) the hybrid
combiner for the system, mounted to the
INTERCONNECT RACKING PLANPARTS LIST
(Transmitter) 1303866
(Translator) 1303828
input of the bandpass filter. A 500 Watt
reject load (A9) connects to J4 on the
hybrid combiner to dissipate reject
power. A thermal switch (A9-A1) is
mounted to the reject load and supplies
an overtemperature fault, at 175º F., to
the driver assembly, at TB30-7 & TB3015, if a problem occurs in the output
lines. NOTE: If an overtemperature fault
occurs, it must be manually reset on the
system controller after repairs are made.
The combined output of the hybrid
combiner at the “7/8” Jack J3 is
connected to J1 on the bandpass filter.
The filtered output of the bandpass filter
is either cabled directly to the (A11)
output coupler or first to the 1 or 2
section trap filter and then to the output
coupler. The (A11) coupler assembly
supplies a forward and a reflected power
samples to the (A4) Visual/Aural
Metering Board. The Visual/Aural
Metering Board supplies reflected, visual
and aural output power samples to the
exciter/driver for metering purposes.
The reflected sample connects to TB3113, the visual sample at TB31-14 and the
aural output power sample at TB31-15.
The RF output for the transmitter is at J2
the 7/8” EIA connector on the (A11)
coupler assembly.
2.1.2.3 3kW Output System
Configuration
In a 3 kW system, the outputs of A3, A6
and A13 power amplifier chassis
assemblies, at the “N” connectors J205,
are cabled to (A7) the hybrid combiner
for the system mounting facing the rear
of the cabinet. A 500 Watt reject load
(A18), mounted on the roof of the
cabinet, connects to J4 on the hybrid
combiner to dissipate reject power.
Another 500 Watt reject load (A9), also
LX Series, Rev. 1 2-4
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 2, Amplifier Assembly Description,
Maintenance & Remote Control Connections
mounted on the roof, connects to J5 on
the hybrid combiner to dissipate reject
power. Thermal switches (A9-A1 & A18A1) are mounted to the reject loads and
supply overtemperature faults, at 175º F.,
to the driver assembly at TB30-7 & 15, if
a problem occurs in the output lines.
NOTE: If an overtemperature fault occurs,
it must be manually reset on the system
controller after repairs are made.
The combined output of the hybrid
combiner is cabled to the externally
mounted assemblies, which consist of
(A8) the bandpass filter, (A12) the output
trap filter and (A11) the output coupler.
The output coupler assembly supplies a
forward and a reflected sample to the
(A44) Visual/Aural Metering Board. The
Visual/Aural Metering Board supplies
samples to the exciter/driver for metering
purposes. The reflected sample connects
to TB31-13, the visual sample to TB31-14
and aural output power sample to TB31-
15. The RF output for the transmitter is
at J2 the 3-1/8” EIA connector on the
(A11) output coupler assembly.
2.1.2.4 4kW Output System
Configuration
In a 4 kW system, the outputs of the four
power amplifier chassis assemblies must
be combined. This is accomplished by
combining two power amplifier chassis
assemblies, creating two outputs then
combing these into one output. In the
(A1) cabinet assembly, the outputs of the
(A1-A3 and A1-A6) power amplifiers at
the “7/16” connectors J205, are cabled to
the (A1-A7) hybrid combiner, mounted to
the input jack of the (A1-A8) bandpass
filter. A 1 kW reject load (A1-A9), that
dissipates reject power, is mounted on a
shelf inside the (A1) cabinet and is
connected to (J4) on the hybrid combiner.
A thermal switch (A1-A9-A1) is mounted
to the reject load and supplies an
overtemperature fault, at 175º F., to the
driver assembly at TB30-7 & 15, if a
problem occurs in the output lines for the
(A1) amplifier cabinet. The combined
output at (A1-A7-J3) of the hybrid
combiner connects to the (A1-A8)
bandpass filter for filtering before it is
connected either directly to the “7/8”
Jack J1 on (A3) the 2 way combiner
assembly mounted on the roof of the
cabinets, or through the optional (A1A12) trap filter and then to the 2 way
combiner.
In the (A2) cabinet, the outputs of the
(A2-A3 and A2-A6) power amplifiers at
the “7/16” connectors J205, are cabled to
(A2-A7) hybrid combiner. A 1 kW reject
load (A2-A9) connects to (J4) on the
hybrid combiner to dissipate reject
power. A thermal switch (A2-A9-A1) is
mounted to the reject load and supplies
an overtemperature fault, at 175º F., to
the driver assembly at TB30-7 & 15, if a
problem occurs in the output lines for the
(A2) amplifier cabinet. The combined
output at (A2-A7-J3) of the hybrid
combiner connects to the (A2-A8)
bandpass filter for filtering before it is
connected either directly to the “7/8”
Jack J2 on (A3) the 2 way combiner
assembly mounted on the roof of the
cabinets, or through the optional (A2A12) trap filter and then to the 2 way
combiner. The combined output of the
(A3) 2 way combiner at the 1-5/8”
connector (A3-J3) is connected to the
input of the (A4) output coupler. The
output coupler assembly supplies a
forward power sample at (A4-J3) and a
reflected sample at (A4-J6) to the (A44)
Visual/Aural Metering Board. The
Visual/Aural Metering Board supplies a
reflected power sample to TB31-13, a
visual power sample to TB31-14 and
aural power sample to TB31-15 on the
exciter/driver for metering purposes.
The RF output for the transmitter is at J2
the 1-5/8” connector on the A4 output
coupler assembly.
2.1.2.5 5kW Output System
Configuration
In a 5 kW system, the outputs of the five
power amplifier chassis assemblies must
be combined. This is accomplished by
combining three power amplifier chassis
assemblies, creating one combined
LX Series, Rev. 1 2-5
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 2, Amplifier Assembly Description,
Maintenance & Remote Control Connections
output, and combining the other two
power amplifier chassis assemblies,
creating another combined output. The
two combined outputs are then combined
into one output. In the (A1) cabinet
assembly, the outputs of the (A1-A6 and
A1-A3) power amplifiers at the “7/16”
connectors J205, are cabled to the J1 and
J2 input jacks of (A1-A7) a hybrid
combiner. A 500 Watt reject load (A1A18), that dissipates reject power, is
mounted near the top of the (A1) cabinet
and is connected to (J4) on the hybrid
combiner. A thermal switch (A1-A18-A1)
is mounted to the reject load and supplies
an overtemperature fault, at 175º F., to
the driver assembly at TB30-7 & 15, if a
problem occurs in the output lines for the
(A1) amplifier cabinet. A 1.5 kW reject
load (A1-A9), that dissipates reject power,
is mounted beside the 500W load in the
(A1) cabinet and is connected to (A3-J4) a
2 way hybrid combiner. A thermal switch
(A1-A9-A1) is mounted to the reject load
and supplies an overtemperature fault, at
175º F., to the driver assembly at TB30-7
& 15, if a problem occurs in the output
lines for the transmitter. This fault is in
parallel with the other fault line. The
combined output of the A1 cabinet at (A1A7-J3) of the hybrid combiner connects to
(J2) one of the input jacks to (A3) the 2
way combiner mounted on the roof of the
cabinets.
In the (A2) cabinet, the outputs of the
(A2-A6, A2-A3 and A2-A13) power
amplifiers at the “7/16” connectors J205,
are cabled to (A2-A7) a hybrid combiner.
A 500W reject load (A2-A9) connects to
(J4) on the hybrid combiner to dissipate
reject power. A thermal switch (A2-A9A1) is mounted to the reject load and
supplies an overtemperature fault, at
175º F., to the driver assembly at TB30-7
& 15, if a problem occurs in the combining
of the power amplifiers in the (A2)
amplifier cabinet. A 500W reject load
(A2-A5) connects to (J5) on the hybrid
combiner to dissipate reject power. A
thermal switch (A2-A5-A1) is mounted to
the reject load and supplies an
overtemperature fault, at 175º F., to the
driver assembly at TB30-7 & 15, if a
problem occurs in the output lines for the
(A2) amplifier cabinet. . These faults
are in parallel with the other fault lines.
The combined output of the A2 cabinet at
(A2-A7-J6) of the hybrid combiner
connects to the other input jack (J1) on
(A3) the 2 way combiner mounted on the
roof of the cabinets. J4 on the combiner
connects to a 1.5 kW reject load (A1-A9),
that dissipates reject power, which is
mounted inside the cabinet facing the
rear of the (A1) cabinet. A thermal
switch (A1-A9-A1) is mounted to the
reject load and supplies an
overtemperature fault, at 175º F., to the
driver assembly at TB30-7 & 15, if a
problem occurs in the output lines for the
(A2) amplifier cabinet. This fault is in
parallel with the other overtemperature
fault lines.
The combined output of the (A3)
combiner at J3 connects to the (A8)
bandpass filter for filtering before it is
connected through the (A12) trap filter,
for additional filtering, to the input of the
(A11) output coupler. The outp ut coupler
assembly supplies a forward power
sample at (A1-A44-J1) and a reflected
sample at (A1-A44-J2) to the (A44)
Visual/Aural Metering Board, mounted in
the (A1) cabinet. The Visual/Aural
Metering Board supplies a reflected
power sample to TB31-13, a visual power
sample to TB31-14 and aural power
sample to TB31-15 on the exciter/driver
for metering purposes. The RF output for
the transmitter is at J2 the 3-1/8”
connector on the A11 output coupler
assembly.
2.1.2.6 6kW Output System
Configuration
In a 6 kW system, the outputs of the six
power amplifier chassis assemblies must
be combined. This is accomplished by
combining three power amplifier chassis
assemblies, creating one combined
output, and combining the other three
power amplifier chassis assemblies,
creating another combined output. The
two combined outputs are then combined
LX Series, Rev. 1 2-6
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 2, Amplifier Assembly Description,
Maintenance & Remote Control Connections
into one output. In the (A1) cabinet
assembly, the outputs of the (A1-A3, A1A6, and A1-A13) power amplifiers at the
“7/16” connectors J205, are cabled to the
J1, J2 & J3 input jacks of (A1-A7) a 3 way
hybrid combiner. A 500 Watt reject load
(A1-A9), that dissipates reject power, is
mounted on the roof of the (A1) cabinet
and is connected to (J5) on the hybrid
combiner. A thermal switch (A1-A9-A1) is
mounted to the reject load and supplies
an overtemperature fault, at 175º F., to
the driver assembly at TB30-7 & 15, if a
problem occurs in the output lines for the
(A1) amplifier cabinet. Another 500 Watt
reject load (A1-A18), that dissipates reject
power, is mounted on the roof of the (A1)
cabinet and is connected to (J4) on the
hybrid combiner. A thermal switch (A1A18-A1) is mounted to the reject load and
supplies an overtemperature fault, at
175º F., to the driver assembly at TB30-7
& 15, if a problem occurs in the output
lines for the (A1) amplifier cabinet. This
fault is in parallel with the other fault line.
The combined output of the A1 cabinet at
(A1-A7-J6) of the hybrid combiner
connects to one of the input jacks (J1) on
(A3) the 2 way combiner mounted on the
roof of the cabinets.
In the (A2) cabinet, the outputs of the
(A2-A3, A2-A6, and A3-A13) power
amplifiers at the “7/16” connectors J205,
are cabled to (A2-A7) hybrid combiner. A
500 Watt reject load (A2-A9) connects to
(J4) on the hybrid combiner to dissipate
reject power. A thermal switch (A2-A9A1) is mounted to the reject load and
supplies an overtemperature fault, at
175º F., to the driver assembly at TB30-7
& 15, if a problem occurs in the output
lines for the (A2) amplifier cabinet.
Another 500 Wat t reject load (A2-A18),
that dissipates reject power, is mounted
on the roof of the (A2) cabinet and is
connected to (J4) on the hybrid combiner.
A thermal switch (A2-A18-A1) is mounted
to the reject load and supplies an
overtemperature fault, at 175º F., to the
driver assembly at TB30-7 & 15, if a
problem occurs in the output lines for the
(A2) amplifier cabinet.
The combined output of the A2 cabinet at
(A2-A7-J6) of the hybrid combiner
connects to the other input jack (J2) on
(A3) the 2 way combiner mounted on the
roof of the cabinets. J4 on the combiner
connects to a 1.5 kW reject load (A5),
that dissipates reject power, which is
mounted inside the cabinet facing the
rear of the (A2) cabinet. A thermal
switch (A5-A1) is mounted to the reject
load and supplies an overtemperature
fault, at 175º F., to the driver assembly
at TB30-7 & 15, if a problem occurs in
the output lines for the (A2) amplifier
cabinet. This fault is in parallel with the
other overtemperature fault lines. The
combined output of the (A3) combiner
connects to the (A8) bandpass filter for
filtering before it is connected through
the (A12) trap filter, for additional
filtering, to the input of the (A11) output
coupler. The output coupler assembly
supplies a forward power sample at (A1A44-J1) and a reflected sample at (A1A44-J2) to the (A44) Visual/Aural
Metering Board. The Visual/Aural
Metering Board supplies a reflected
power sample to TB31-13, a visual power
sample to TB31-14 and aural power
sample to TB31-15 on the exciter/driver
for metering purposes. The RF output for
the transmitter is at J2 the 3-1/8”
connector on the A11 output coupler
assembly.
NOTE: If an overtemperature fault
occurs in any system configuration, it
must be manually reset on the system
controller after re pairs are made.
The LX Series power amplifier assembly
is made up of the modules and
assemblies listed in Table 2-3.
LX Series, Rev. 1 2-7
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 2, Amplifier Assembly Description,
Maintenance & Remote Control Connections
ASSEMBLY
DESIGNATOR
ASSEMBLY NAME PART NUMBER
125W/250W/500 Watt Chassis Assembly 1303958
Table 2-3: Typical LX Series Power Amplifier Chassis Assemblies
2.1.3 Power Amplifier Module
Assembly, 250 Watt (1302868;
Appendix B)
The Transmitter/Exciter Driver Power
Amplifier module and any External
Power Amplifier modules contain the
same control and monitoring board.
This board monitors RF output power,
RF reflected power, the current draw of
amplifier sections, the supply voltage,
and the temperature of the PA heat sink.
The RF power detector circuit outputs
The 250 Watt Power Amplifier Module
Assembly is made up of (A6) an Amplifier
Control Board (1303682, 1301962 or
1303702), (A1) a UHF Phase/Gain Board
(1303213), (A2) a 150 Watt Driver Pallet
Assembly (1303293), (A3 & A4) two RF
Module Pallets, Philips (1300116), and
(A5) a 2-Way Combiner Board
(1303208).
The Power Amplifier Module contains
Broadband LDMOS amplifiers that cover
the entire UHF band with no tuning
required. Each module amplifies the RF
to a nominal 300W output power. The
Power Amplifier assembly is used to
amplify the RF output of the
Transmitter/Exciter Driver. A cable,
located on the rear chassis, connects the
RF output from the Exciter/Driver at J25
to J200 the RF input to the PA Assembly.
This module contains RF monitoring
circuitry for both an analog and a digital
system. Control and monitoring lines to
the Power Amplifier module are routed
through the floating blind-mate
connector of the Control &
Monitoring/Power Supply module.
vary with operating frequency. These
circuits must be calibrated at their
intended operating frequency. The
following front panel potentiometers are
used to set the Power Amplifier
Calibrations in Analog Systems.
R201 Reflected Power Cal
R202 Forward Power Cal
R204 Meter Offset Zero
In analog systems, the Aural power of
an Exciter Driver Power Amplifier and
the Aural power of any external
amplifier will not be reported by the
system Control Monitoring module.
Additionally the Visual power of these
amplifiers, is reported as Forward Power
just like in digital systems. In analog
systems, aural and visual power will only
be reported for the final system RF
output.
If the Control Monitoring module is
monitoring a 10-100 Watt Analog
Transmitter, system power is measured
in the Power Amplifier module. The
wired connections are transferre d
through the power supply connector to
LX Series, Rev. 1 2-8
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 2, Amplifier Assembly Description,
Maintenance & Remote Control Connections
the backplane board on a five position
header. All four positions of control
board switch SW1 must be set on to
route these lines as the system's RF
power signals. In systems of output
power greater than 100 Watts, system
power is monitored by an external
module that is connected to TB31 and
control board SW1 switches must be set
off.
The Forward Power of the
Transmitter/Exciter Driver Power
Amplifier module is routed to the
Upconverter module as AGC #1. A
system over-drive condition is detected
when this value rises above 0.9 VDC.
When an over-drive condition is
detected, the Upconverter module
reduces its RF output level. For values
less than 0.9 VDC, the Upconverter uses
this voltage for automatic gain.
Table 2-4. Power Amplifier Status Indicator
LED FUNCTION
ENABLED
(Green)
DC OK
(Green)
TEMP
(Green)
MOD OK
(Green)
When lit Green, it indicates that the PA is in the Operate Mode. If a Mute
occurs, the PA will remain Enabled, until the input signal is returned.
When lit Green, it indicates that the fuse protected DC inputs to the PA
module are OK.
When lit Green, it indicates that the temperature of the heatsink
assembly in the module is below 78°C.
When lit Green, it indicates that the PA Module is operating and has no
faults.
If the Module OK LED is Red and blinking a fault is present.
1 Blink indicates Amplifier Current Fault.
MOD OK
(Red)
2 Blinks indicate Temperature Fault.
3 Blinks indicate +32V Power Supply Over Voltage Fault.
4 Blinks indicate +32V Power Supply Under Voltage Fault.
5 Blinks indicate Reflected Power Fault.
6 Blinks indicate +12V or –12V Power Supply Fault.
Table 2-5. Power Amplifier Control Adjustments
POTENTIOMETERS DESCRIPTION
RFL CAL Adjusts the gain of the Reflected Power monitoring circuit
VISUAL CAL Adjusts the gain of the Visual / Forward Power monitoring circuit
METER ZERO Adjusts the offset of the Forward Power monitoring circuit
Table 2-6. Power Amplifier Sample
DISPLAY FUNCTION
FWD SAMPLE RF sample of the amplified signal being sent out the module on J25.
LX Series, Rev. 1 2-9
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 2, Amplifier Assembly Description,
Maintenance & Remote Control Connections
2.1.4 Power Supply Module
Assembly, LX Series (1302863;
Appendix B)
The Power Supply Module Assembly is
made up of (A1) a +32V/2000W
Switching Power Supply and (A2) a
±12V/40W Switching Power Supply.
The power supply module provides the
+32 VDC and the +12 VDC and –12 VDC
to the power amplifier module assembly .
2.1.5 Front Panel Display Screens
NOTE: In systems with two exciters and
an exciter switcher, first perform the
following procedure with Exciter A as the
On Air Exciter then select Exciter B as
the On Air Exciter and repeat the
procedure. Switcher system must be in
Manual.
A 4 x 20 display located on the front of
the Control & Monitoring/Power Supply
Module is used in the LX Series
transmitter for control of the operation
and display of the operating parameters
of the entire transmitter. Refer to
Chapter 3 for detailed information on
the LCD menu screens.
2.2 System Operation
When the transmitter is in operate, as set
by the menu screen located on the
Control & Monitoring Module in the
exciter/driver assembly. The IF
Processor will be enabled, the mute
indicator on the front panel will be
extinguished. The +32 VDC stage of the
Power Supply in the Control & Monitoring
Module is enabled, the operate indicator
on the front panel is lit and the DC OK on
the front panel should also be green.
The enable and DC OK indicators on the
PA Module will also be green.
When the transmitter is in standby. The
IF Processor will be disabled, the mute
indicator on the front panel will be red.
The +32 VDC stage of the Power Supply
in the Control & Monitoring Module is
disabled, the operate indicator on the
front panel will be extinguished and the
DC OK on the front panel should remain
green. The enable indicator on the PA
Module is also extinguished.
If the transmitter does not switch to
Operate when the operate menu is
switched to Operate, check that all faults
are cleared and that the remote control
terminal block stand-by signal is not
active.
The transmitter can be controlled by the
presence of a modulated input signal. If
the input signal to the transmitter is lost;
the transmitter automatically cutbacks
and the input fault indicator on the IF
Processor module lights. When the video
input signal returns, the transmitter
automatically returns to full power and
the input fault indicator is extinguished.
2.2.1 Principles of Operation
Operating Modes
This transmit ter is either operating or in
standby mode. The sections below
discuss the characteristics of each of
these modes.
Operate Mode
Operate mode is the normal mode for
the transmitter when it is providing RF
power output. To provide RF power to
the output, the transmitter will not be in
mute. Mute is a special case of the
operate mode where the +32 VDC
section of the power supply is enabled
but there is no RF output power from
the transmitter. This condition is the
result of a fault condition that causes
the firmware to hold the IF Processor
module in a mute state.
LX Series, Rev. 1 2-10
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