UBS Axcera LU10AT User Manual

INSTRUCTION MANUAL

Innovator

LX Series

UHF Analog

Driver

AXCERA, LLC

103 FREEDOM DRIVE P.O. BOX 525 LAWRENCE, PA 15055-0525 USA

(724) 873-8100 • FAX (724) 873-8105

www.axcera.com • info@axcera.com

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION SECTION PAGE

1.1 Manual Overview...................................................................................1-1

1.2 Assembly Designators............................................................................1-1

1.3 Safety..................................................................................................1-2

1.4 Contact Information ......................................................................... 1-2

1.5 Material Return Procedure ......................................................................1-2

1.6 Limited One Year Warranty for Axcera Products........................................1-3

CHAPTER 2 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION, MAINTENANCE & REMOTE CONTROL CONNECTIONS

System Overview..................................................................................2-1

2.0 (Optional) Exciter Switcher Tray.............................................................2-2

2.1 Exciter/Amplifier Chassis Assembly ........................................................2-3

2.1.1 Receiver Module (not used in a transmitter system).........................2-3

2.1.2 Modulator Module (may not be used in a translator system) .............2-5

2.1.3 IF Processor Module .....................................................................2-7

2.1.4 VHF/UHF Upconverter Module........................................................2-9

2.1.5 Control & Monitoring/Power Supply Module...................................2-10

2.1.6 Exciter PA Module used in 1-100W Xmitters. or Drvrs above 2kW....2-11

2.1.6.1 Driver Amplifier Module, used with 1kW or 2kW transmitters.2-13

2.1.7 RF Output Assemblies.................................................................2-15

2.2 Control and Status...............................................................................2-15

2.2.1 Front Panel LCD Display Screen ...................................................2-15

2.3 System Operation................................................................................2-15

2.3.1 Principles of Operation................................................................2-15

2.4 Maintenance .......................................................................................2-18

2.5 Customer Remote Connections....................................................... 2-18

CHAPTER 3 SITE CONSIDERATIONS, INSTALLATION AND SETUP PROCEDURES

3.1 Site Considerations................................................................................3-1

3.2 Unpacking the Chassis w/Modules, bandpass and trap filters......................3-5

3.3 Installing the Chassis w/Modules and filters..............................................3-5

3.4 AC Input...............................................................................................3-6

3.5 Setup and Operation..............................................................................3-7

3.5.1 Input Connections........................................................................3-7

3.5.2 Initial Turn On .............................................................................3-9

3.5.2.1 (Optional) Receiver Module LEDs on Front Panel.....................3-9

3.5.2.2 Modulator Module LEDs on Front Panel ..................................3-9

3.5.2.3 IF Processor Module LEDs on Front Panel...............................3-9

3.5.2.4 VHF/UHF Upconverter Module LEDs on Front Panel ...............3-10

3.5.2.5 Controller Module LEDs on Front Panel ................................3-10

3.5.2.6 Power Amplifier or Driver Module LEDs on Front Panel ..........3-10

3.5.3 Front Panel Screens for the (Optional) Exciter Switcher Assembly....3-10

3.5.4 Front Panel Screens for the Exciter/Amplifier Chassis Assembly.......3-13

3.5.5 Operation Procedure...................................................................3-22

CHAPTER 4 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTIONS

4.0 (Optional) Exciter Switcher Tray (Used with dual exciter system) ...............4-1

LX Series, Rev. 3 April 27, 2007

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS - (Continued)

SECTION PAGE

4.0.1 Exciter Switcher Control Board.......................................................4-1

4.1 (Optional) Receiver Module (not used in a transmitter system)...................4-1

4.1.1 IF ALC Board ...............................................................................4-1

4.1.2 UHF or VHF Mixer/PLL Board .........................................................4-2

4.1.3 UHF, VHF LB or VHF HB Preamplifier Board.....................................4-2

4.2 Modulator Module (may not be used in a translator system) ......................4-3

4.2.1 Analog Modulator Board................................................................4-3

4.2.1.1 Mono, Balanced Audio Input.................................................4-3

4.2.1.2 Stereo, Composite Audio Input.............................................4-4

4.2.1.3 SAP/PRO, Subcarrier Audio Input..........................................4-4

4.2.1.4 Audio Modulation of the 3.4 MHz VCO ..................................4-4

4.2.1.5 Phase Lock Loop (PLL) Circuit...............................................4-4

4.2.1.6 Main Video Signal Path (Part 1 of 2)......................................4-5

4.2.1.7 Delay Equalizer Circuits .......................................................4-5

4.2.1.8 Sync Tip Clamp Circuit.........................................................4-6

4.2.1.9 Main Video Signal Path (Part 2 of 2)......................................4-6

4.2.1.10 45.75 MHz Oven Oscillator Circuit .......................................4-6

4.2.1.11 Visual Modulator Circuit .....................................................4-7

4.2.1.12 Aural Modulator Circuit ......................................................4-7

4.2.1.13 Combining the 45.75 MHz & 41.25 MHz IF Signals................4-8

4.2.1.14 Voltage Requirements........................................................4-8

4.3 IF Processor Module...............................................................................4-8

4.3.1 IF Processor Board .......................................................................4-8

4.3.1.1 Modulator Selected..............................................................4-9

4.3.1.2 External Modulated IF Selected.............................................4-9

4.3.1.3 Main IF Signal Path (Part 1 of 3)...........................................4-9

4.3.1.4 Input Level Detector Circuit..................................................4-9

4.3.1.5 Pin-Diode Attenuator Circuit...............................................4-11

4.3.1.6 Main IF Signal Path (Part 2 of 3).........................................4-11

4.3.1.7 Amplitude and Phase Pre-Correction Circuits........................4-11

4.3.1.8 Main IF Signal Path (Part 3 of 3).........................................4-12

4.3.1.9 ALC Circuit .......................................................................4-13

4.3.1.10 Fault Command...............................................................4-14

4.3.1.11 ±12 VDC needed to operate Board....................................4-14

4.4 VHF/UHF Upconverter Module...............................................................4-14

4.4.1 Downconverter Board .................................................................4-14

4.4.2 L-Band PLL Board.......................................................................4-15

4.4.3 First Conversion Board................................................................4-15

4.4.4 Upconverter Control Board ..........................................................4-15

4.5 Control Monitoring/Power Supply Module ...............................................4-16

4.5.1 Power Protection Board...............................................................4-16

4.5.1.1 +12 VDC Circuits ..............................................................4-17

4.5.1.2 -12 VDC Circuits ...............................................................4-17

4.5.2 Control Board ............................................................................4-17

4.5.2.1 Schematic Page 1..............................................................4-17

4.5.2.2 Schematic Page 2..............................................................4-18

4.5.2.3 Schematic Page 3..............................................................4-18

4.5.2.4 Schematic Page 4..............................................................4-18

4.5.2.5 Schematic Page 5..............................................................4-19

4.5.3 Switch Board .............................................................................4-19

4.5.4 Switching Power Supply Assembly................................................4-20

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UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Table of Contents

iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS - (Continued)

SECTION PAGE

4.6 Exciter PA Module used in 1-100Watt Xmitters. or Drivers above 2kW.......4-20

4.6.1 1 Watt Amplifier Module Assembly ...............................................4-20

4.6.2 1 Watt UHF Amplifier Board.........................................................4-20

4.6.3 40 Watt UHF Amplifier Assembly..................................................4-21

4.6.4 UHF Module Assembly, RF Module Pallet .......................................4-22

4.6.5 VHF Low Band Driver Assembly ...................................................4-22

4.6.6 VHF Low Band Amplifier Board.....................................................4-23

4.6.7 UHF Filter..................................................................................4-23

4.6.8 Coupler Board Assembly .............................................................4-23

4.6.9 Amplifier Control Board...............................................................4-24

4.6.9.1 Schematic Page 1..............................................................4-24

4.6.9.2 Schematic Page 2..............................................................4-24

4.6.9.3 Current Monitoring Sections of the Board.............................4-25

4.6.9.4 Schematic Page 3 Aural, Visual. Aural Power Detectors .........4-25

4.6.10 Bandpass and Trap Filters .........................................................4-26

OR 4.7 Driver Amplifier Module Assembly used in 1kW or 2kW transmitters ....4-26

4.7.1 1-Watt Amplifier Module Assembly...............................................4-26

4.7.2 1-Watt UHF Amplifier Board ........................................................4-27

4.7.3 40 Watt UHF Amplifier Assembly..................................................4-27

OR 4.7.3.1 250 Watt UHF Amplifier Assembly..................................4-28

4.7.4 Coupler Board Assembly .............................................................4-28

4.7.5 Amplifier Control Board...............................................................4-28

4.7.5.1 Schematic Page 1..............................................................4-29

4.7.5.2 Schematic Page 2..............................................................4-29

4.7.5.3 Current Monitoring Sections of the Board.............................4-30

4.7.5.4 Schematic Page 3 Aural, Visual. Aural Power Detectors .........4-30

CHAPTER 5 DETAILED ALIGNMENT PROCEDURES

5.1 Module Replacement..............................................................................5-1

5.1.1 Initial Test Setup..........................................................................5-1

5.2 LX Series Exciter/Amplifier Chassis Assembly ...........................................5-2

5.2.1 (Optional) Receiver Module Assembly.............................................5-2

5.2.2 Modulator Module Assembly ..........................................................5-2

5.2.3 IF Processor Module Assembly.......................................................5-3

5.2.4 VHF/UHF Upconverter Assembly ....................................................5-4

5.3 Setting up the Drive Level of the Transmitters up to 100 Watts..................5-4

5.3.1 Setting up the Manual AGC............................................................5-4

5.3.2 Setting up the Auto AGC ...............................................................5-4

5.4 Changing the Transmitter Channel Procedure...........................................5-5

5.5 Calibration of Output Power & Reflected Power of Transmitter up to 100W ..5-6

5.5.1 Calibration of Output Power for Xmit up to 100W.............................5-6

5.5.2 Calibration of Reflected Power for Xmit up to 100W .........................5-6

5.6 Adjusting IF ALC, AGC1 & AGC2 and Overdrive Xmit above 100W ..............5-7

5.7 Calibration of Output Power & Reflected Power of Transmitter above 100W .5-8

5.7.1 Calibration of Output Power for Xmit above 100W............................5-8

5.7.2 Calibration of Reflected Power for Xmit above 100W ........................5-8

5.8 Linearity Correction Adjustment..............................................................5-9

5.9 Frequency Response Delay Equalization Adjustment................................5-10

5.10 Bandpass Filter Assembly ...................................................................5-10

5.11 UHF Trap Filter Assembly....................................................................5-11

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UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS - (Continued)

SECTION PAGE

5.11.1 Effects of Tuning the Output Trap Filter.......................................5-12

APPENDICES

APPENDIX A LX SERIES SPECIFICATIONS APPENDIX B LX SERIES DRAWINGS

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UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Table of Contents

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE PAGE

1-1 Brady Marker Identification Drawing.................................................1-1

2-1 Exciter/Driver Chassis Assembly Front View ......................................2-1

2-2 Example of switching and displayed count with two faulted exciters.....2-2

2-2 Exciter/Driver Chassis Assembly Rear View .....................................2-18

3-1 1 kW Minimum Ventilation Configuration...........................................3-4

3-2 Front and Rear View Reconnection Drawings .....................................3-5

3-3 AC Input Box Assembly...................................................................3-7

3-4 Rear View of LX Series Analog Transmitter........................................3-8

4-1 40 Watt UHF Amplifier Module .......................................................4-21

4-2 250 Watt UHF Amplifier Module .....................................................4-22

4-3 40 Watt UHF Amplifier Module .......................................................4-27

4-4 250 Watt UHF Amplifier Module .....................................................4-27

5-1 Typical Red Field Spectrum..............................................................5-9

5-2 Bandpass Filter ............................................................................5-11

LX Series, Rev. 3

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Table of Contents

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE PAGE

2-1 LX Series Trays and Assemblies .......................................................2-1

2-2 Receiver Front Panel Switch.............................................................2-4

2-3 Receiver Front Panel Status Indicators..............................................2-5

2-4 Receiver Front Panel Control Adjustments.........................................2-5

2-5 Receiver Front Panel Samples..........................................................2-5

2-6 Modulator Front Panel Switch...........................................................2-6

2-7 Modulator Front Panel Status Indicators............................................2-6

2-8 Modulator Front Panel Control Adjustments.......................................2-6

2-9 Modulator Front Panel Sample .........................................................2-6

2-10 IF Processor Front Panel Switch .......................................................2-8

2-11 IF Processor Front Panel Status Indicators ........................................2-8

2-12 IF Processor Front Panel Control Adjustments....................................2-8

2-13 IF Processor Front Panel Sample......................................................2-8

2-14 VHF/UHF Upconverter Front Panel Switch..........................................2-9

2-15 VHF/UHF Upconverter Front Panel Status Indicators.........................2-10

2-16 VHF/UHF Upconverter Front Panel Control Adjustments....................2-10

2-17 VHF/UHF Upconverter Front Panel Samples.....................................2-10

2-18 Controller/Power Supply Front Panel Display ...................................2-11

2-19 Controller/Power Supply Front Panel Status Indicators .....................2-11

2-20 Controller/Power Supply Front Panel Control Adjustments.................2-11

2-21 Power Amplifier Front Panel Status Indicators..................................2-12

2-22 Power Amplifier Front Panel Control Adjustments.............................2-13

2-23 Power Amplifier Front Panel Sample...............................................2-13

2-24 Driver Amplifier Front Panel Status Indicators..................................2-14

2-25 Driver Amplifier Front Panel Control Adjustments.............................2-14

2-26 Driver Amplifier Front Panel Sample...............................................2-15

2-27 UHF Television Frequencies ...........................................................2-17

2-28 LX Series Chassis Customer Remote Connections.................... 2-19

2-29 (Optional) Dual Exciter Customer Remote Connections........... 2-21

3-1 LX Series Transmitters AC Input and Current Requirements................3-1

3-2 Rear Chassis Connections for LX Series Analog Transmitters ...............3-7

(Optional) Exciter Switcher Tray Menu Screens ...............................................3-11

3-3 Exciter Switcher Menu 01 Splash Screen #1....................................3-11

3-4 Menu 02 Splash Screen #2............................................................3-11

3-5 Menu 03 Exciter Switcher Control Screen, Automatic Operation ...... 3-11

3-6 Menu 04 Exciter Switcher Control Screen, Manual Operation...........3-11

3-7 Menu 05 Exciter Switcher Control Screen, Amps On Line................3-11

3-8 Menu 06 Exciter Switcher Control Screen, Cancel Auto Back up.......3-12

3-9 Menu 07 Exciter Switcher Control Screen, B Back up to A...............3-12

3-10 Menu 08 Exciter Switcher Control Screen, back up Changeover.......3-12

3-11 Menu 09 Exciter Switcher Control Screen, Ext Amp Status..............3-12

3-12 Menu 10 Exciter Switcher Control Screen, Ext Amp Status..............3-12

LX System Controller Menu Screens .................................................................3-13

3-13 Menu 01 Splash Screen #1............................................................3-13

3-14 Menu 02 Splash Screen #2............................................................3-13

3-15 Menu 10 Main Screen ................................................................3-13

3-16 Menu 11 Error List Access Screen................................................3-14

3-17 Menu 12 Transmitter Device Data Access Screen...........................3-14

3-18 Menu 13 Transmitter Configuration Access Screen.........................3-14

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UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Table of Contents

vii

LIST OF TABLES – (Continued)

TABLE PAGE

3-19 Menu 20 Error List Display Screen...............................................3-14

3-20 Menu 30 Transmitter Device Details Screen.................................. 3-15

3-21 Menu 30-1 System Details Screens..............................................3-15

3-22 Transmitter Device Parameters Detail Screens.............................. 3-15

3-23 Menu 40 Authorized Personnel Screen .........................................3-17

3-24 Menu 40-1 Transmitter Set Up: Power Raise/Lower Screen.............3-18

3-25 Menu 40-2 Transmitter Set Up: Model Select Screen .....................3-18

3-26 Menu 40-3 Transmitter Set Up: Receiver Channel Configuration......3-18

3-27 Menu 40-4 Transmitter Set Up: Upconverter Channel Select Screen 3-19

3-28 Menu 40-5 Transmitter Set Up: Serial Address Screen...................3-19

3-29 Menu 40-6 Transmitter Set Up: Station ID Screen ...........................3-19

3-30 Menu 40-7 Transmitter Set Up: System Visual Power Cal. Screen......3-19

3-31 Menu 40-8 Transmitter Set Up: System Aural Power Cal. Screen.......3-20

3-32 Menu 40-9 Transmitter Set Up: System Rfltd. Power Cal. Screen ......3-20

3-33 Menu 40-10 Transmitter Set Up: Modulated Output Cal. Screen........3-20

3-34 Menu 40-11 Transmitter Set Up: Aural Deviation Screen ..................3-20

3-35 Menu 40-12 Transmitter Set Up: Fwrd Pwr Fault Threshold Screen....3-20

3-36 Menu 40-13 Transmitter Set Up: Refl Power Fault Threshold Screen..3-21

3-37 Menu 40-14 Transmitter Set Up: Auto Standby Control Screen .........3-21

3-38 Menu 40-15 Transmitter Set Up: Receiver ALC Fault Set Up Screen...3-21

3-39 Menu 40-16 Transmitter Set Up: Inner Loop Gain Control Screen......3-21

3-40 Menu 40-17 Transmitter Set Up: Optional System Control Screen .....3-22

3-41 Menu 40-18 Transmitter Set Up: Remote Command Control Screen ..3-22

5-1 Typical Bandpass Values ...............................................................5-11

LX Series, Rev. 3

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction

Chapter 1

Introduction

1.1 Manual Overview

This manual explains the installation, setup, alignment, and maintenance procedures for the Innovator LX Series UHF analog modular driver/transmitter/ translator for the Innovator LX Series transmitter. It is important that you read all of the instructions, especially the safety information in this chapter, before you begin to install or operate the unit.

This instruction manual is divided into five chapters and supporting appendices. Chapter 1, Introduction, contains information on the assembly numbering system used in the manual, safety, maintenance, return procedures, and warranties. Chapter 2, System Description, Maintenance & Remote Control Connections, describes the driver/transmitter/translator and includes discussions on system control and status indicators, maintenance, and remote control connections. Chapter 3, Site Considerations, Installation and Setup Procedures, explains how to unpack, install, setup, and operate the driver/transmitter/translator. Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions, contains circuit level descriptions for boards and board level components in the driver/transmitter/translator. Chapter 5, Detailed Alignment Procedures, provides information on adjusting the system assemblies for optimal operation. Appendix A contains system specifications. Appendix B contains drawings and parts lists.

1.2 Assembly Designators

Axcera has assigned assembly numbers,

Ax designations such as A1, where x=1,2,3…etc, to all assemblies, modules, and boards in the system. These designations are referenced in the text of this manual and shown on the block diagrams and interconnect drawings provided in the appendices. The Block Diagrams, Interconnects, Schematics, Assembly Drawings and Parts Lists are arranged in increasing numerical order in the appendices. Section titles in the text for assembly or module descriptions or alignment procedures contain the associated part number(s) and the relevant appendix that contains the drawings for that item.

The cables that connect between the boards within a tray or assembly and that connect between the trays, racks and cabinets are labeled using Brady markers.

Figure 1-1 is an example of a Brady marked cable. There may be as few as two or as many as four Markers on any one cable. These Brady markers are read starting furthest from the connector. If there are four Brady Markers, this marker is the transmitter number such as transmitter 1 or transmitter 2. The next or the furthest Brady Marker is the rack or cabinet number on an interconnect cable or the board number within a tray. The next number on an interconnect cable is the Tray location or number. The Brady marker closest to the connector is the jack or connector number on an interconnect cable or the jack or connector number on the board within a tray.

Figure 1-1 Brady Marker Identification Drawing

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UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction

1.3 Safety

The UHF transmitter systems manufactured by Axcera are designed to be easy to use and repair while providing protection from electrical and mechanical hazards. Please review the following warnings and familiarize yourself with the operation and servicing procedures before working on the transmitter system.

Read All safety Instructions – All of the safety instructions should be read and understood before operating this equipment.

Retain Manuals – The manuals for the transmitter should be retained at the transmitter site for future reference. Axcera provides two sets of manuals for this purpose; one set can be left at the office while one set can be kept at the site.

Heed all Notes, Warnings, and Cautions – All of the notes, warnings,

and cautions listed in this safety section and throughout the manual must be followed.

Follow Operating Instructions – All of the operating and use instructions for the transmitter should be followed.

Cleaning – Unplug or otherwise disconnect all power from the equipment before cleaning. Do not use liquid or aerosol cleaners. Use a damp cloth for cleaning.

Ventilation – Openings in the cabinet and module front panels are provided for ventilation. To ensure the reliable operation of the driver/transmitter, and to protect the unit from overheating, these openings must not be blocked.

Servicing – Do not attempt to service this product yourself until becoming familiar with the equipment. If in doubt, refer all servicing questions to qualified Axcera service personnel.

Replacement Parts – When replacement parts are used, be sure that the parts have the same functional and performance characteristics as the original part. Unauthorized substitutions may result in fire, electric shock, or other hazards. Please contact the Axcera Technical Service Department if you have any questions regarding service or replacement parts.

1.4 Contact Information

The Axcera Field Service Department can be contacted by phone at (724) 873- 8100 or by fax at (724) 873-8105.

Before calling Axcera, please be prepared to supply the Axcera technician with answers to the following questions. This will save time and help ensure the most direct resolution to the problem.

1. What are the Customers’ Name and call letters?

2. What are the model number and type of transmitter?

3. Is the transmitter digital or analog?

4. How long has the transmitter been on the air? (Approximately when was the transmitter installed.)

5. What are the symptoms being exhibited by the transmitter? Include the current control/power supply LCD readings and the status of LEDs on the front panels of the modules. If possible, include the control/power supply LCD readings before the problem occurred.

1.5 Return Material Procedure

To insure the efficient handling of equipment or components that have been returned for repair, Axcera requests that each returned item be accompanied by a Return Material Authorization Number (RMA#).

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UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction

The RMA# can be obtained from any Axcera Field Service Engineer by contacting the Axcera Field Service Department at (724) 873-8100 or by fax at (724) 873-8105. This procedure applies to all items sent to the Field Service Department regardless of whether the item was originally manufactured by Axcera.

When equipment is sent to the field on loan, an RMA# is included with the unit. The RMA# is intended to be used when the unit is returned to Axcera. In addition, all shipping material should be retained for the return of the unit to Axcera.

Replacement assemblies are also sent with an RMA# to allow for the proper routing of the exchanged hardware. Failure to close out this type of RMA# will normally result in the customer being invoiced for the value of the loaner item or the exchanged assembly.

When shipping an item to Axcera, please include the RMA# on the packing list and on the shipping container. The packing slip should also include contact information and a brief description of why the unit is being returned.

Please forward all RMA items to:

AXCERA, LLC 103 Freedom Drive P.O. Box 525 Lawrence, PA 15055-0525 USA

For more information concerning this procedure, call the Axcera Field Service Department @ (724) 873-8100. Axcera can also be contacted through email at info@axcera.com and on the Web at www.axcera.com.

1.6 Limited One Year Warranty for Axcera Products

Axcera warrants each new product that it has manufactured and sold against

defects in material and workmanship under normal use and service for a period of one (1) year from the date of shipment from Axcera's plant, when operated in accordance with Axcera's operating instructions. This warranty shall not apply to tubes, fuses, batteries, bulbs or LEDs.

Warranties are valid only when and if (a) Axcera receives prompt written notice of breach within the period of warranty, (b) the defective product is properly packed and returned by the buyer (transportation and insurance prepaid), and (c) Axcera determines, in its sole judgment, that the product is defective and not subject to any misuse, neglect, improper installation, negligence, accident, or (unless authorized in writing by Axcera) repair or alteration. Axcera's exclusive liability for any personal and/or property damage (including direct, consequential, or incidental) caused by the breach of any or all warranties, shall be limited to the following: (a) repairing or replacing (in Axcera's sole discretion) any defective parts free of charge (F.O.B. Axcera’s plant) and/or (b) crediting (in Axcera's sole discretion) all or a portion of the purchase price to the buyer.

Equipment furnished by Axcera, but not bearing its trade name, shall bear no warranties other than the special hoursof-use or other warranties extended by or enforceable against the manufacturer at the time of delivery to the buyer.

NO WARRANTIES, WHETHER STATUTORY, EXPRESSED, OR IMPLIED, AND NO WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR FREEDOM FROM INFRINGEMENT, OR THE LIKE, OTHER THAN AS SPECIFIED IN PATENT LIABILITY ARTICLES, AND IN THIS ARTICLE, SHALL APPLY TO THE EQUIPMENT FURNISHED HEREUNDER.

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UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction

F WARNING!!!

× HIGH VOLTAGE Ø

DO NOT ATTEMPT TO REPAIR OR TROUBLESHOOT THIS EQUIPMENT UNLESS YOU ARE FAMILIAR WITH ITS OPERATION AND EXPERIENCED IN SERVICING HIGH VOLTAGE EQUIPMENT. LETHAL VOLTAGES ARE PRESENT WHEN POWER IS APPLIED TO THIS SYSTEM. IF POSSIBLE, TURN OFF POWER BEFORE MAKING ADJUSTMENTS TO THE SYSTEM.

« RADIO FREQUENCY RADIATION HAZARD «

MICROWAVE, RF AMPLIFIERS AND TUBES GENERATE HAZARDOUS RF RADIATION THAT CAN CAUSE SEVERE INJURY INCLUDING CATARACTS, WHICH CAN RESULT IN BLINDNESS. SOME CARDIAC PACEMAKERS MAY BE AFFECTED BY THE RF ENERGY EMITTED BY RF AND MICROWAVE AMPLIFIERS. NEVER OPERATE THE TRANSMITTER SYSTEM WITHOUT A PROPERLY MATCHED RF ENERGY ABSORBING LOAD ATTACHED. KEEP PERSONNEL AWAY FROM OPEN WAVEGUIDES AND ANTENNAS. NEVER LOOK INTO AN OPEN WAVEGUIDE OR ANTENNA. MONITOR ALL PARTS OF THE RF SYSTEM FOR RADIATION LEAKAGE AT REGULAR INTERVALS.

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UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction

EMERGENCY FIRST AID INSTRUCTIONS

Personnel engaged in the installation, operation, or maintenance of this equipment are urged to become familiar with the following rules both in theory and practice. It is the duty of all operating personnel to be prepared to give adequate Emergency First Aid and thereby prevent avoidable loss of life.

RESCUE BREATHING

1. Find out if the person is breathing.

You must find out if the person has stopped breathing. If you think he is not breathing, place him flat on his back. Put your ear close to his mouth and look at his chest. If he is breathing you can feel the air on your cheek. You can see his chest move up and down. If you do not feel the air or see the chest move, he is not breathing.

2. If he is not breathing, open the airway by tilting his head backwards.

Lift up his neck with one hand and push down on his forehead with the other. This opens the airway. Sometimes doing this will let the person breathe again by himself.

SKIN REDDENED: Apply ice cold water to burned area to prevent burn from going deeper into skin tissue. Cover area with a clean sheet or cloth to keep away air. Consult a physician.

SKIN BLISTERED OR FLESH CHARRED: Apply ice cold water to burned area to prevent burn from going deeper into skin tissue.

3. If he is still not breathing, begin rescue breathing.

-Keep his head tilted backward. Pinch nose shut.

-Put your mouth tightly over his mouth.

-Blow into his mouth once every five seconds

-DO NOT STOP rescue breathing until help arrives.

LOOSEN CLOTHING - KEEP WARM

Do this when the victim is breathing by himself or help is available. Keep him as quiet as possible and from becoming chilled. Otherwise treat him for shock.

BURNS

Cover area with clean sheet or cloth to keep away air. Treat victim for shock and take to hospital.

EXTENSIVE BURN - SKIN BROKEN: Cover area with clean sheet or cloth to keep away air. Treat victim for shock and take to hospital.

LX Series, Rev. 3 1-5

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction

Note: Because of possible FCC assigned offset, check for the assigned Carrier

Frequency as written on License.

UHF Channels NTSC Standard IF, 45.75 MHz

Visual Carrier Frequency (MHz)

Channel Nominal Minus Plus Nominal Nominal Minus Plus

14 471.25 471.24 471.26 517.00 64.625 64.62375 64.62625 15 477.25 477.24 477.26 523.00 65.375 65.37375 65.37625 16 483.25 483.24 483.26 529.00 66.125 66.12375 66.12625 17 489.25 489.24 489.26 535.00 66.875 66.87375 66.87625 18 495.25 495.24 495.26 541.00 67.625 67.62375 67.62625 19 501.25 501.24 501.26 547.00 68.375 68.37375 68.37625 20 507.25 507.24 507.26 553.00 69.125 69.12375 69.12625 21 513.25 513.24 513.26 559.00 69.875 69.87375 69.87625 22 519.25 519.24 519.26 565.00 70.625 70.62375 70.62625 23 525.25 525.24 525.26 571.00 71.375 71.37375 71.37625 24 531.25 531.24 531.26 577.00 72.125 72.12375 72.12625 25 537.25 537.24 537.26 583.00 72.875 72.87375 72.87625 26 543.25 543.24 543.26 589.00 73.625 73.62375 73.62625 27 549.25 549.24 549.26 595.00 74.375 74.37375 74.37625

L.O.

(MHz)

Crystal Frequency (MHz)

28 555.25 555.24 555.26 601.00 75.125 75.12375 75.12625 29 561.25 561.24 561.26 607.00 75.875 75.87375 75.87625 30 567.25 567.24 567.26 613.00 76.625 76.62375 76.62625 31 573.25 573.24 573.26 619.00 77.375 77.37375 77.37625 32 579.25 579.24 579.26 625.00 78.125 78.12375 78.12625 33 585.25 585.24 585.26 631.00 78.875 78.87375 78.87625 34 591.25 591.24 591.26 637.00 79.625 79.62375 79.62625 35 597.25 597.24 597.26 643.00 80.375 80.37375 80.37625 36 603.25 603.24 603.26 649.00 81.125 81.12375 81.12625 37 609.25 609.24 609.26 655.00 81.875 81.87375 81.87625 38 615.25 615.24 615.26 661.00 82.625 82.62375 82.62625 39 621.25 621.24 621.26 667.00 83.375 83.37375 83.37625 40 627.25 627.24 627.26 673.00 84.125 84.12375 84.12625 41 633.25 633.24 633.26 679.00 84.875 84.87375 84.87625 42 639.25 639.24 639.26 685.00 85.625 85.62375 85.62625

LX Series, Rev. 3 1-6

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction

Note: Because of possible FCC assigned offset, check for the assigned Carrier

Frequency as written on License.

UHF Channels NTSC Standard IF, 45.75 MHz

Visual Carrier Frequency (MHz)

Channel Nominal Minus Plus Nominal Nominal Minus Plus

43 645.25 645.24 645.26 691.00 86.375 86.37375 86.37625 44 651.25 651.24 651.26 697.00 87.125 87.12375 87.12625 45 657.25 657.24 657.26 703.00 87.875 87.87375 87.87625 46 663.25 663.24 663.26 709.00 88.625 88.62375 88.62625 47 669.25 669.24 669.26 715.00 89.375 89.37375 89.37625 48 675.25 675.24 675.26 721.00 90.125 90.12375 90.12625 49 681.25 681.24 681.26 727.00 90.875 90.87375 90.87625 50 687.25 687.24 687.26 733.00 91.625 91.62375 91.62625 51 693.25 693.24 693.26 739.00 92.375 92.37375 92.37625 52 699.25 699.24 699.26 745.00 93.125 93.12375 93.12625 53 705.25 705.24 705.26 751.00 93.875 93.87375 93.87625 54 711.25 711.24 711.26 757.00 94.625 94.62375 94.62625 55 717.25 717.24 717.26 763.00 95.375 95.37375 95.37625 56 723.25 723.24 723.26 769.00 96.125 96.12375 96.12625

L.O.

(MHz)

Crystal Frequency (MHz)

57 729.25 729.24 729.26 775.00 96.875 96.87375 96.87625 58 735.25 735.24 735.26 781.00 97.625 97.62375 97.62625 59 741.25 741.24 741.26 787.00 98.375 98.37375 98.37625 60 747.25 747.24 747.26 793.00 99.125 99.12375 99.12625 61 753.25 753.24 753.26 799.00 99.875 99.87375 99.87625 62 759.25 759.24 759.26 805.00 100.625 100.62375 100.62625 63 765.25 765.24 765.26 811.00 101.375 101.37375 101.37625 64 771.25 771.24 771.26 817.00 102.125 102.12375 102.12625 65 777.25 777.24 777.26 823.00 102.875 102.87375 102.87625 66 783.25 783.24 783.26 829.00 103.625 103.62375 103.62625 67 789.25 789.24 789.26 835.00 104.375 104.37375 104.37625 68 795.25 795.24 795.26 841.00 105.125 105.12375 105.12625 69 801.25 801.24 801.26 847.00 105.875 105.87375 105.87625

LX Series, Rev. 3 1-7

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction

Note: Because of possible FCC assigned offset, check for the assigned Carrier Frequency as written on License.

UHF Frequency Assignments

Channel Number

14 470-476 471.25 474.83 475.75 15 476-482 477.25 480.83 481.75 16 482-488 483.25 486.83 487.75 17 488-494 489.25 492.83 493.75 18 494-500 495.25 498.83 499.75 19 500-506 501.25 504.83 505.75 20 506-512 507.25 510.83 511.75 21 512-518 513.25 516.83 517.75 22 518-524 519.25 522.83 523.75 23 524-530 525.25 528.83 529.75 24 530-536 531.25 534.83 535.75 25 536-542 537.25 540.83 541.75 26 542-548 543.25 546.83 547.75 27 548-554 549.25 552.83 553.75 28 554-560 555.25 558.83 559.75

Bandwidth

(MHz)

Video

(MHz)

Color

(MHz)

Audio

(MHz)

29 560-566 561.25 564.83 565.75 30 566-572 567.25 570.83 571.75 31 572-578 573.25 576.83 577.75 32 578-584 579.25 582.83 583.75 33 584-590 585.25 588.83 589.75 34 590-596 591.25 594.83 595.75 35 596-602 597.25 600.83 601.75 36 602-608 603.25 606.83 607.75 37 608-614 609.25 612.83 613.75 38 614-620 615.25 618.83 619.75 39 620-626 621.25 624.83 625.75 40 626-632 627.25 630.83 631.75 41 632-638 633.25 636.83 637.75 42 638-644 639.25 642.83 643.75

LX Series, Rev. 3 1-8

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction

Note: Because of possible FCC assigned offset, check for the assigned Carrier Frequency as written on License.

UHF Frequency Assignments

Channel Number

43 644-650 645.25 648.83 649.75 44 650-656 651.25 654.83 655.75 45 656-662 657.25 660.83 661.75 46 662-668 663.25 666.83 667.75 47 668-674 669.25 672.83 673.75 48 674-680 675.25 678.83 679.75 49 680-686 681.25 684.83 685.75 50 686-692 687.25 690.83 691.75 51 692-698 693.25 696.83 697.75 52 698-704 699.25 702.83 703.75 53 704-710 705.25 708.83 709.75 54 710-716 711.25 714.83 715.75 55 716-722 717.25 720.83 721.75 56 722-728 723.25 726.83 727.75 57 728-734 729.25 732.83 733.75

Bandwidth

(MHz)

Video

(MHz)

Color

(MHz)

Audio

(MHz)

58 734-740 735.25 738.83 739.75 59 740-746 741.25 744.83 745.75 60 746-752 747.25 750.83 751.75 61 752-758 753.25 756.83 757.75 62 758-764 759.25 762.83 763.75 63 764-770 765.25 768.83 769.75 64 770-776 771.25 774.83 775.75 65 776-782 777.25 780.83 781.75 66 782-788 783.25 786.83 787.75 67 788-794 789.25 792.83 793.75 68 794-800 795.25 798.83 799.75 69 800-806 801.25 804.83 805.75

LX Series, Rev. 3 1-9

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction

dBm, dBw, dBmV, dBµV, & VOLTAGE

EXPRESSED IN WATTS

50 Ohm System

WATTS PREFIX dBm dBw dBmV dBµV VOLTAGE 1,000,000,000,000 1 TERAWATT +150 +120 100,000,000,000 100 GIGAWATTS +140 +110 10,000,000,000 10 GIGAWATTS +130 +100 1,000,000,000 1 GIGAWATT +120 + 99 100,000,000 100 MEGAWATTS +110 + 80 10,000,000 10 MEGAWATTS +100 + 70 1,000,000 1 MEGAWATT + 90 + 60 100,000 100 KILOWATTS + 80 + 50 10,000 10 KILOWATTS + 70 + 40 1,000 1 KILOWATT + 60 + 30 100 1 HECTROWATT + 50 + 20 50 + 47 + 17 20 + 43 + 13 10 1 DECAWATT + 40 + 10 1 1 WATT + 30 0 + 77 +137 7.07V

0.1 1 DECIWATT + 20 - 10 + 67 +127 2.24V

0.01 1 CENTIWATT + 10 - 20 + 57 +117 0.707V

0.001 1 MILLIWATT 0 - 30 + 47 +107 224mV

0.0001 100 MICROWATTS - 10 - 40

0.00001 10 MICROWATTS - 20 - 50

0.000001 1 MICROWATT - 30 - 60

0.0000001 100 NANOWATTS - 40 - 70

0.00000001 10 NANOWATTS - 50 - 80

0.000000001 1 NANOWATT - 60 - 90

0.0000000001 100 PICOWATTS - 70 -100

0.00000000001 10 PICOWATTS - 80 -110

0.000000000001 1 PICOWATT - 90 -120

TEMPERATURE CONVERSION

°F = 32 + [(9/5) °C]

°C = [(5/9) (°F - 32)]

LX Series, Rev. 3 1-10

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction

USEFUL CONVERSION FACTORS

TO CONVERT FROM TO MULTIPLY BY

mile (US statute) kilometer (km) 1.609347 inch (in) millimeter (mm) 25.4 inch (in) centimeter (cm) 2.54 inch (in) meter (m) 0.0254 foot (ft) meter (m) 0.3048 yard (yd) meter (m) 0.9144 mile per hour (mph) kilometer per hour(km/hr) 1.60934 mile per hour (mph) meter per second (m/s) 0.44704 pound (lb) kilogram (kg) 0.4535924 gallon (gal) liter 3.7854118 U.S. liquid (One U.S. gallon equals 0.8327 Canadian gallon) fluid ounce (fl oz) milliliters (ml) 29.57353 British Thermal Unit watt (W) 0.2930711 per hour (Btu/hr) horsepower (hp) watt (W) 746

NOMENCLATURE OF FREQUENCY BANDS

FREQUENCY RANGE DESIGNATION 3 to 30 kHz VLF - Very Low Frequency

30 to 300 kHz LF - Low Frequency 300 to 3000 kHz MF - Medium Frequency 3 to 30 MHz HF - High Frequency 30 to 300 MHz VHF - Very High Frequency 300 to 3000 MHz UHF - Ultrahigh Frequency 3 to 30 GHz SHF - Superhigh Frequency 30 to 300 GHz EHF - Extremely High Frequency

LETTER DESIGNATIONS FOR UPPER FREQUENCY

BANDS

LETTER FREQ. BAND

L 1000 - 2000 MHz S 2000 - 4000 MHz C 4000 - 8000 MHz X 8000 - 12000 MHz Ku 12 - 18 GHz K 18 - 27 GHz Ka 27 - 40 GHz V 40 - 75 GHz W 75 - 110 GHz

LX Series, Rev. 3 1-11

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction

0 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 -60

-70

RETURN LOSS VS. VSWR

R E T U R

L O S S

1.001 1.01 1.1 2.0

VSWR

LX Series, Rev. 3 1-12

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction

ABBREVIATIONS/ACRONYMS

AC Alternating Current AFC Automatic Frequency Control ALC Automatic Level Control AM Amplitude modulation AGC Automatic Gain Control AWG American wire gauge BER Bit Error Rate BW Bandwidth DC Direct Current D/A Digital to analog dB Decibel dBm Decibel referenced to

1 milliwatt dBmV Decibel referenced to

1 millivolt

dBw Decibel referenced to 1 watt FEC Forward Error Correction FM Frequency modulation Hz Hertz ICPM Incidental Carrier Phase

Modulation I/P Input

IF Intermediate Frequency LED Light emitting diode LSB Lower Sideband MPEG Motion Pictures Expert Group O/P Output PLL Phase Locked Loop PCB Printed circuit board QAM Quadrature Amplitude

Modulation

LX Series, Rev. 3 1-13

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/ Chapter 2, System Description,

A2 A3 A5 A4 A6 A1

Translator Maintenance & Remote Control Connections

Chapter 2

System Description, Maintenance & Remote Control Connections

System Overview

The analog transmitters/translators in the Innovator LX Series are complete 10W to 100W UHF Analog internally diplexed modular television transmitters. They operate at a nominal visual output power of 10 to 100 watts peak sync and an average aural output power of 1 to 10 watts, at an A/V ratio of 10 dB, 10% sound, or .5 to 5 watts at 13 dB, 5% sound.

The LX Series can also be used as a driver for external power amplifiers. The output power of the driver is determined by the level needed to attain the full output power of the transmitter. The driver’s maximum output is 7 Watts peak of sync.

The Analog LX Series driver/transmitter/ translator is made up of the modules and assemblies as listed in Table 2-1.

Table 2-1: LX Series Trays and Assemblies

Figure 2-1:Exciter/Driver Front View

ASSEMBLY DESIGNATOR

TRAY/ASSEMBLY NAME PART NUMBER

Exciter Amplifier Chassis Assembly, V2, LX Series

Receiver Module (used in a translator system)

Modulator Module (may not be present in translator)

A3 IF Processor Module 1301938 A4 Control/Power Supply Module A5 VHF/UHF Upconverter Module 1303829

Power Amplifier Module, used in

1-100 Watt transmitter/ translator

LX Series, Rev. 3 2-1

1304052 (110 VAC) OR 1304053 (220 VAC) 1304000 VHF LB, 1304001 VHF HB or 1304002 UHF

1301929

1301936 (110 VAC) OR 1303229 (220 VAC)

1307184 (1 Watt UHF) 1303770 (10-100W UHF) 1307156 (20W VHF LB)

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/ Chapter 2, System Description,

Exciter A: Becomes Faulted

Exciter B: Faulted

Exciter A: Faulted

Exciter B: Faulted

Exciter Change 1: Counter 1 set

Exciter Change 2: Counter 2 set

Exciter Change 3: Counter 3 set

No Exciter Change for 5 minutes

Translator Maintenance & Remote Control Connections

ASSEMBLY DESIGNATOR

OR A6

TRAY/ASSEMBLY NAME PART NUMBER

Driver Amplifier Module, used in high power transmitters/ translators

1303771 (1kW UHF), 1303874 (2kW UHF) OR 1303770 (3kW & 4kW UHF) OR 1307761 (5kW & 6kW UHF)

A11 Backplane Board, V2, LX Series 1304047

(Optional)

A14(500/1kW) or

A29(2-6kW)

Exciter Switcher Assembly (Used in dual exciter systems)

1305727 (110 VAC) OR 1305715 (220 VAC)

2.0 (Optional) Exciter Switcher Tray, 110 VAC (1305727) or 220 VAC (1305715); Appendix B

The (optional) Single Channel Auto Switcher is part of the dual exciter system. The assembly is made up of (A1) a Single Channel Exciter Switcher Tray (1305715) with a separate (A2) coaxial transfer relay, mounted on a bracket that faces toward the rear of the cabinet, behind the Switcher Tray. The tray is factory set for the proper voltage.

Exciter Switcher operations when it is in 'Automatic Operation' have changed in version 2.0 or newer. Older versions of the switcher code would change exciters

any entries in its fault log. Versions 2.0 and greater now rely on the reported output power of the selected exciter to determine if a changeover is required.

If the On Air Exciter should malfunction, due to the driver stage of the On Air Exciter reporting less that 50% power while that specific exciter is enabled and has been so enabled for more than 30 seconds, the Exciter Switcher will attempt to switch to the Back Up Exciter 3 times, each time checking its status. If after 3 times the back up exciter is not operational the exciter switcher changeover function will be disabled for 5 minutes. After 5 minutes it will start again to switch between exciters.

if the primary exciter reported any fault and the back-up exciter did not have

Figure 2-2. Example of switching and displayed count with two faulted exciters:

LX Series, Rev. 3 2-2

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/ Chapter 2, System Description, Translator Maintenance & Remote Control Connections

Remote and front panel exciter changes are permitted during the 5 minute lockout of the automatic exciter changes. If the exciter switcher is placed into Manual mode, all exciter change counters and the lockout counter are cleared.

There is a built in 30 second delay from when the Exciter is changed from Standby to Operate to allow for the determination that the selected Exciters Driver PA is generating 50% output power or more.

The numbers shown on the Upper right of the second LCD screen indicates that the Exciter has switched that many times. An L indicates that the 5 Minute Lock Out has occurred. The default main menu will typically show 'MANUAL OPERATION', or 'AUTOMATIC OPERATION', or 'AUTOMATIC LOCK XXX' where xxx is the number of seconds before the exciter can again automatically switch between exciters. During this time the switcher will not automatically switch.

An indication of 123L means that a 3 Fault has occurred and the 5 minute lock out is in effect.

Timers do not prevent manual switching of the exciters thru the remote or the front panel.

If the switcher attempts to change exciters and the backup exciter is not present or it does not change to operate after the relay positions are changed, the switcher returns to the primary exciter, enables the primary exciter and then locks out further exciter changes for 5 minutes.

Menu 2 is new. It reports the status of the exciters. They can either be not present is indicated by a 'NO COM (OFFLINE)' message, in the standby mode, or in the operate mode as indicated by the display of the driver output power. For the first 30 seconds of operate mode, the switcher will

indicate the number of seconds remaining in the 30 second countdown. After 30 seconds of operation, the display will indicate the number of current faults on the exciter. These faults are all inclusive and may indicate problems with the external amplifier, therefore it is possible to see a number of current faults but the driver power to be greater than 50% and the exciter to remain in use.

The coaxial relay has the RF outputs from both Exciters connected to its inputs and, depending on if the energizing voltage is applied or not, the selected Exciter RF Output is connected to the external amplifiers and the RF output from the other exciter is connected to a load. The front panel has a 4 x 20 display providing a four-line readout of the operation and control of the exciter switcher. The LCD screens are detailed in Chapter 3.

2.1 Exciter Amplifier Chassis Assembly, 110 VAC (1304052) or 220 VAC (1304053); Appendix B

NOTE: In dual exciter systems there are

two exciter amplifier chassis assemblies. The chassis assembly is factory set for

operation using 110 VAC or 220 VAC. All of the modules except the power amplifier module and the power supply section of the Control & Monitoring/Power Supply Module, plug directly into a backplane board. The backplane board provides module to module interconnection as well as interconnection to remote command and control connectors. Refer to the block diagram drawing (1302139), located in Appendix B, for the exciter amplifier chassis assembly connections.

2.1.1 (Optional)(A1) Receiver Module Assembly (VHF LB 1304000, VHF HB 1304001 or UHF 1304002; Appendix B)

NOTE: The Receiver module is not present in a transmitter or digital system.

LX Series, Rev. 3 2-3

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/ Chapter 2, System Description, Translator Maintenance & Remote Control Connections

NOTE: If both the Receiver and Modulator are present in your system the Modulated IF output from the Receiver or Modulator must be selected. This is accomplished by connecting a low or removing the low to TB31-Pin 3 located on the rear of the exciter/driver assembly. By connecting the low, the Modulator IF output is used by the IF Processor module. By removing the low, the IF from the internal or external Receiver is used. (NOTE: The IF Processor board must be configured for external switching by placing jumper W11 on J29 between pins 1 & 2).

Table 2-2. Receiver Front Panel Switch

SWITCH FUNCTION

When Manual ALC is selected, the level is set by the Manual ALC Pot R57 located on the mixer/PLL board. (NOTE: The pot is factory set and needs no adjustment

MAN/AUTO ALC

SW1

by the customer). When Auto ALC is selected, the level control circuit will

automatically increase or decrease the ALC to maintain the desired output level.

The UHF/VHF Receiver converts a low level RF input signal to an IF frequency of 44 MHz, filters off any unwanted out of band energy, and normalizes the level so that it can be applied to the IF processor assembly. It consists of three boards. The RF input is applied first to the UHF/VHF preamplifier board, which filters off out of channel energy and amplifies the input signal. The RF output is applied to the Mixer/PLL board, which converts the signal down to an IF frequency of 44 MHz. The IF output is applied to the IF ALC board, which amplifies the signal, filters off any unwanted out of band energy and controls its own IF gain to make sure that the IF output level is constant.

There is also a provision to apply +12V to the RF input center conductor to power an external preamplifier.

CAUTION: Do not hook up the RF input to any test equipment with the DC bias applied. Always move the jumper W1 on J2, on the UHF Preamplifier Board, to the Bias off position, between pins 2 & 3, to prevent possible damage to the test equipment.

LX Series, Rev. 3 2-4

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/ Chapter 2, System Description, Translator Maintenance & Remote Control Connections

Table 2-3. Receiver Front Panel Status Indicators

LED FUNCTION

PLL1 Fault DS6 Displays the status of the Local oscillator PLL

PLL 2 Fault DS8 Displays status of optional input frequency correcting PLL

DC on center conductor DS4

Displays whether or not DC is applied to the RF input center conductor

Man ALC Gain DS7 Displays when ALC is switched to Manual bypass

ALC Fault DS5 Displays ALC status

Table 2-4. Receiver Front Panel Control Adjustments

POTENTIOMETERS DESCRIPTION

Manual Gain R57 Adjusts the gain of the receiver when the ALC is bypassed.

A/V Ratio R50 Adjusts the ratio between the visual and aural carriers.

Table 2-5. Receiver Front Panel Samples

SMA CONNECTORS DESCRIPTION

Receiver IF J13 Sample of the IF output of the IF ALC Board.

Receiver LO J2 Sample of the LO generated on the UHF Mixer PLL Board.

2.1.2 (A2) Modulator Module Assembly (1301929; Appendix B)

NOTE: The Modulator module may not be present in a translator system or in a digital system.

removing the low to TB31-Pin 3 located on the rear of the exciter/driver assembly. By connecting the low, the Modulator IF output is used by the IF Processor module. By removing the low, the IF from the internal or external Receiver is used. (NOTE: The IF Processor board must be configured for external switching by placing jumper W11 on J29 between pins 1 & 2).

The (A2) Modulator Assembly contains the Modulator Board (1301797). The modulator is broadcast quality and provides front panel access to control and monitoring points. The video level is controlled through a sync tip clamp and sync and white clipping circuitry. The IF oscillator is oven controlled and locked to a 10 MHz reference for stability. The IF signal is fed through a SAW filter for precise sideband shaping. The Modulator operates using the baseband audio and video inputs to produce a diplexed, modulated, and on-channel frequency

NOTE: If both the Modulator and Receiver are present in your system the

visual + aural RF output that is cabled to the IF Processing Module.

Modulated IF output from the Modulator or Receiver must be selected. This is accomplished by connecting a low or

LX Series, Rev. 3 2-5

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/ Chapter 2, System Description, Translator Maintenance & Remote Control Connections

Table 2-6. Modulator Front Panel Switch

SWITCH FUNCTION

When Manual Clamp is selected, the video level is set by the Manual Bias Pot R67 located on the board. (NOTE: The pot is

MAN/AUTO CLAMP

SW1

factory set and needs no adjustment by the customer). When Auto Clamp is selected, the video level control circuit

will automatically increase or decrease the video to maintain the desired video level.

Table 2-7. Modulator Front Panel Status Indicators

LED FUNCTION

AUR UNLOCK

DS5 (Red)

VIS UNLOCK

DS6 (Red)

AUD OV DEV

DS4 (Red)

VIDEO LOSS

DS1 (Red)

OVER MOD

DS3 (Red)

ALT IF

DS7 (Green)

10 MHz PRES

DS2 (Green)

When lit it indicates that the 4.5 MHz VCO and the 10 MHz reference are not PLL locked. When lit it indicates that the 45.75 MHz VCXO and the 10 MHz reference signal are not PLL locked.

When lit it indicates the deviation level is more than ±80kHz

When lit it indicates the Video Input to the transmitter is lost.

When lit it indicates the Video input level is too high.

When lit it indicates that external or alternate 4.5MHZ is present. When lit it indicates that a 10MHz reference is present to the

transmitter.

Table 2-8. Modulator Front Panel Control Adjustments

POTENTIOMETERS

DESCRIPTION

Video Gain (R42) Adjusts the level of the output video.

Visual Level (R214) Adjusts the Visual IF level that combines with the Aural IF.

Aural Level (R243) Adjusts the Aural IF level that combines with the Visual IF.

MONO (R110) Adjusts the deviation level of the balanced audio input.

STEREO (R132) Adjusts the deviation level of the composite audio input.

SAP/PRO (R150) Adjusts the deviation level of the subcarrier audio input.

Table 2-9. Modulator Front Panel Sample

SMA CONNECTOR DESCRIPTION

MOD IF SAMPLE (J10) Sample of the combined Aural IF and Visual IF signals.

LX Series, Rev. 3 2-6

UHF Analog Driver/Transmitter/ Chapter 2, System Description, Translator Maintenance & Remote Control Connections

2.1.3 (A3) IF Processor Module Assembly (1301938; Appendix B)

The (A3) IF Processor Assembly contains the IF Processor Board (1301977). The IF Processor provides pre-correction to ensure broadcast quality output signal. The pre-correction consists of amplitude linearity correction, Incidental Carrier Phase Modulation (ICPM) correction and frequency response correction.

The IF Processor module is configured either for an analog or digital system. Pin 13C of the IF Processor module is grounded in analog systems and left not connected in digital systems. An IF Processor Interlock signal is used to report the presence of the IF Processor module to the Control Monitoring board. If the IF Processor interlock signal is not present, the LX Series Transmitter/Exciter Driver RF output is Muted (turned off). If an analog IF Processor module is installed and the Modulation Present signal is not true, the LX Series Transmitter/Exciter Driver output is Muted (turned off).

The Control & Monitoring/Power Supply module uses the IF Processor module for System output power control. Through

the front panel display or a remote interface, an operator can set the RF output power level of the transmitter. The range of RF power adjustment is between 0% (full off) and 105% (full power plus). A front panel IF Processor module potentiometer sets the upper limit of RF power at 120%. The system's Control Monitoring board compares the RF Power Monitoring module RF power level with the desired level and uses the IF Power Control PWM line to correct for errors.

In digital systems, a digital level control (DLC) voltage is generated on the IF Processor module and sent to an external digital modulator (DT1B/C). RF power control is implemented by changing the DLC voltage provided to the external digital modulator. The 'RF High' potentiometer sets the upper adjusted range of RF control circuit output to 120%.

The IF Processor module provides a reference ALC voltage to the system's Upconverter. When the ALC voltage decreases, the Upconverter automatically lowers the system output power through the AGC circuits.

The IF Processor module has a front panel switch to select Auto or Manual ALC. When Manual ALC is selected, the reference ALC voltage is set by a front panel potentiometer. In this condition, the RF power level control circuit is removed from use. When the ALC select switch is changed to Auto, the RF power level control circuit will start at low power and increase the RF output until the desired output power is attained.

The IF Processor module Modulation Present signal is monitored. If the modulation level is too low or nonexistent, a Modulation Present Fault is reported to the Control Monitoring board. When the controller detects this fault, it can be set to Automatically Mute the transmitter or in Manual mode the

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transmitter will continue to operate at 25% output.

The IF Processor module Input Signal level is monitored. If the signal level is too low or non-existent, an Input Fault

Table 2-10. IF Processor Front Panel Switch

SWITCH FUNCTION

When Manual ALC is selected, the reference ALC voltage is set by the ALC Gain front panel potentiometer.

MAN/AUTO ALC

Table 2-11. IF Processor Front Panel Status Indicators

LED FUNCTION

INPUT FAULT (Red)

ALC Fault (Red)

MUTE (Red)

Table 2-12. IF Processor Front Panel Control Adjustments

POTENTIOMETERS

FREQUENCY

RESPONSE

EQUALIZER

ALC GAIN

MAN GAIN

LINEARITY

CORRECTION

Table 2-13. IF Processor Front Panel Sample

SMA CONNECTOR DESCRIPTION

IF SAMPLE Sample of the pre-corrected IF output of the IF Processor

When Auto ALC is selected, the IF level control circuit will automatically increase the IF output until the desired output power is attained.

When lit it indicates that there is a loss of the IF Input signal to the IF Processor. Transmitter can be set to Mute on an IF Input Fault. When lit it indicates that the required gain to produce the desired output power level has exceeded the operational range of the ALC circuit. The LED will also be lit when ALC is in Manual. When lit it indicates that the IF input signal is cut back but the enable to the Power Supply is present and the +32 VDC remains on.

These three variable resistors, R103, R106 & R274, adjust the depth of gain for the three stages of frequency response correction.

Adjusts the gain of the transmitter when the transmitter is in the Auto ALC position. Adjusts the gain of the transmitter when the transmitter is in the Manual ALC position. These three variable resistors adjust the threshold cut in for the three stages of linearity pre-correction. R211 and R216, the top two pots, are adjusted to correct for in phase amplitude distortions. R 231, the bottom pot, is adjusted to correct for quadrature phase distortions.

is reported on the Control Monitoring board. When the IF Processor board detects an Input Signal Fault it automatically Mutes the transmitter. The system controller does not Mute on an IF Processor Input Fault.

DESCRIPTION

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2.1.4 (A5) VHF/UHF Upconverter Module Assembly (1303829; Appendix B)

The VHF/UHF Upconverter Module Assembly contains (A1) a Downconverter Board Assembly (1303834), (A3) a First Conversion Board, LX Series (1303838), (A2) a L-Band PLL Board, LX Series (1303846) and (A4) an Upconverter Control Board (1304760).

A 0 dBm 44 MHz IF input to the upconverter through the backplane board is applied to a mixer mounted on the first conversion board. Also applied to the mixer is a nominal 1 GHz LO1. The mixer converts it to a nominal

Table 2-14. VHF/UHF Upconverter Front Panel Switch

SWITCH FUNCTION

When Manual AGC is selected, the reference AGC voltage is set by the AGC Manual Gain front panel potentiometer.

MAN/AUTO AGC

(Left Manual, Right AGC)

When Auto AGC is selected, the RF power level control circuit will automatically increase the RF output until the desired output power is attained.

frequency centered at 1044 MHz. A filter selects the appropriate conversion product, which is then amplified to a level of approximately –4 dBm. The frequency of the first conversion LO1 can be shifted by ± 10 kHz to generate channel offsets of 10kHz. For +offsets the frequency is 999.99 MHz and for – offsets the frequency is 1000.01 MHz.

This signal is applied to a second mixer mounted on the downconverter board that converts it back to a broadcast channel (2-69) by an LO2 that operates in 100kHz steps between 1.1-1.9 GHz depending on the channel selected. The LO2 frequency equals the Channel center frequency plus the LO1 frequency plus 44 MHz. (As an example CH14+: Center Frequency is 473.01 MHz and LO1 is 999.99 MHz therefore LO2 is

473.01 + 999.99 + 44, which equals

1517.00 MHz.) The output of the mixer is applied to a

900 MHz Low pass filter to remove unwanted conversion products. The resulting signal is amplified and applied to a Pin diode attenuator before it is connected to the output of the upconverter. This pin diode attenuator adjusts the gain of the module and is controlled by an Automatic Gain Control circuit, which maintains a constant power out of the upconverter, and also the transmitter, that connects to the power amplifier module.

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