UBS Axcera HU5000BTD User Manual

Instruction Manual

Innovator HXB Series

Digital UHF

Solid State

Transmitter

Volume 1

System and Exciter/Control

Axcera, LLC

103 Freedom Drive • P.O. Box 525 • Lawrence, PA 15055-0525 USA

1-724-873-8100 • Fax: [phone]

www.axcera.com • [e-mail]

RESTRICTIONS ON USE, DUPLICATION OR DISCLOSURE

OF PROPRIETARY INFORMATION

This document contains information proprietary to Axcera, to its affiliates or to a third party to
which Axcera may have a legal obligation to protect such information from unauthorized
disclosure, use or duplication. Any disclosure, use or duplication of this document or any of the
information herein for other than the specific purpose for which it was disclosed by Axcera is
expressly prohibited, except as Axcera may otherwise agree in writing. Recipient by accepting this
document agrees to the above stated conditional use of this document and this information
disclosed herein.

Copyright © 2009, Axcera

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

SECTION PAGE

1.1: Manual Overview .................................................................................1-1

1.2: Assembly Designators ..........................................................................1-1

1.3: Safety.................................................................................................1-1

1.4: Contact Information .............................................................................1-2

1.5: Material Return Procedure.....................................................................1-2

1.6: Limited One-Year Warranty for Axcera Products ......................................1-3

CHAPTER 2: SYSTEM DESCRIPTION AND REMOTE CONTROL CONNECTIONS

2.0: System Overview.................................................................................2-1

2.1: HXB Exciter Description ........................................................................2-1

2.1.1: Pre Filter Sample ........................................................................2-2

2.1.2: Post Filter Sample.......................................................................2-2

2.2: UHF Amplifier Cabinet Assembly ............................................................2-2

2.3: RF Output Assemblies...........................................................................2-3

2.4: Driver Amplifier Chassis Assembly .........................................................2-4

2.4.1: Downconverter Module................................................................2-4

2.4.2: Upconverter Module ....................................................................2-4

2.4.3: Control & Monitoring/Power Supply Module....................................2-5

2.4.4: Exciter Power Amplifier Module.....................................................2-6

2.5: Control and Status ...............................................................................2-7

2.5.1: Front Panel LCD Display Screens ..................................................2-7

2.6: System Operation ................................................................................2-7

2.6.1: Principles of Operation.................................................................2-7

2.7: Maintenance........................................................................................2-8

2.8: Customer Remote Connections........................................................ 2-9

CHAPTER 3: SITE CONSIDERATIONS, INSTALLATION AND SETUP PROCEDURES

3.1: Site Considerations ..............................................................................3-1

3.2: Unpacking the Control/Exciter and Amplifier Cabinets ..............................3-4

3.3: Installing of the Cabinets ......................................................................3-5

3.3.1: Exciter/Control Cabinet................................................................3-6

3.3.2: Placement and Assembling of the UHF Amplifier Cabinets................3-6

3.3.3: Blower Connections to TB1 ..........................................................3-6

3.4: AC Input .............................................................................................3-6

3.4.1: Main AC Connection to the Control/Exciter Cabinet.........................3-7

3.4.2: Main AC Connections to each of the Amplifier Cabinets ...................3-7

3.5: Setup and Operation ............................................................................3-8

3.5.1: Input Connections.......................................................................3-8

3.6: Initial Turn On .....................................................................................3-9

3.6.1: Driver Amplifier Front Panel LED Indicators....................................3-9

3.6.1.1: Upconverter Module LEDs on Front Panel .............................3-9

3.6.1.2: Controller Module LEDs on Front Panel............................... 3-10

3.6.1.3: Power Amplifier Module LEDs on Front Panel....................... 3-10

3.6.2: Front Panel Screens for the Driver Amplifier Chassis Assembly ...... 3-10

3.6.3: Front Panel Touch Screens for the UHF Transmitter ...................... 3-18

3.6.4: Operation Procedure ................................................................. 3-24

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TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued)

SECTION PAGE

CHAPTER 4: CIRCUIT DESCRIPTIONS

4.1: (R1) Control/Exciter Cabinet Assembly...................................................4-1

4.1.1: Dual Peak Detector Board ............................................................4-1

4.1.2: Serial Loop-Thru Board................................................................4-1

4.2: Driver/Amplifier Chassis Assembly.........................................................4-1

4.2.1: Downconverter Module Assembly, Axciter......................................4-2

4.2.1.1: Downconverter Board.........................................................4-2

4.2.2: Upconverter Module Assembly, Axciter..........................................4-2

4.2.2.1: Final Conversion Board.......................................................4-2

4.2.2.2: L-Band PLL Board ..............................................................4-3

4.2.2.3: 1st Conversion Board..........................................................4-3

4.2.2.4: AGC Control Board.............................................................4-3

4.2.3: Control Monitoring/Power Supply Module.......................................4-5

4.2.3.1: Power Protection Board ......................................................4-5

4.2.3.1.1: +12 VDC Circuits.....................................................4-5

4.2.3.1.2: -12 VDC Circuits......................................................4-6

4.2.3.2: Control Board....................................................................4-6

4.2.3.2.1: Schematic 1302023 Page 1 ......................................4-6

4.2.3.2.2: Schematic Page 2 ....................................................4-7

4.2.3.2.3: Schematic Page 3 ....................................................4-7

4.2.3.2.4: Schematic Page 4 ....................................................4-8

4.2.3.2.5: Schematic Page 5 ....................................................4-8

4.2.3.3: Switch Board.....................................................................4-8

4.2.3.4: Switching Power Supply Assembly .......................................4-9

4.2.4: Driver Power Amplifier Assembly Module ......................................4-9

4.2.4.1 1: Watt UHF Module Assembly ......................................4-9

4.2.4.2 1: Watt UHF Amplifier Board.........................................4-9

4.2.4.3: UHF Module Assembly...................................................... 4-10

4.2.4.4: Coupler Board Assembly................................................... 4-10

4.2.4.5: Amplifier Control Board .................................................... 4-10

4.2.4.5.1: Schematic 1304776 Page 1 .................................... 4-11

4.2.4.5.2: Schematic Page 2 .................................................. 4-11

4.2.4.5.3: Current Monitoring Sections of the Board ................. 4-11

4.2.4.5.4: Schematic Page 3 Digital & Reflected Power Detectors4-12

CHAPTER 5: DETAILED ALIGNMENT PROCEDURES

5.1: System Preparation..............................................................................5-1

5.2: Module Replacement ............................................................................5-1

5.3: Initial Test Setup .................................................................................5-1

5.4: Setting Up the Output Power of the Transmitter ......................................5-2

5.4.1: Setting Up of AGC 1 ....................................................................5-2

5.4.2: Setting Up of AGC 2 ....................................................................5-3

5.4.3: Setting Up of Overdrive Threshold ................................................5-3

5.4.4: Setting Up Axciter Relay Sample Values ........................................5-3

5.4.5: Upconverter Downconverter Adjustment .......................................5-4

5.5: System Calibration of Forward and Reflected Powers using the HXB Driver.5-4

5.5.1: Forward Power Calibration ...........................................................5-4

5.5.2: Reflected Power Calibration..........................................................5-4

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APPENDICES

APPENDIX A: SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS

APPENDIX B: SYSTEM DRAWINGS AND PARTS LISTS

APPENDIX C: CONTROL CABINET DRAWINGS AND PARTS LISTS

APPENDIX D: UHF DRIVER/AMPLIFIER ASSEMBLY
DRAWINGS AND PARTS LISTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued)

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LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE PAGE

1-1: Brady Marker Identification Drawing.................................................1-1

2-1: Driver/Amplifier Chassis Assembly Front View ...................................2-3

2-2: Driver/Amplifier Chassis Assembly Rear View ....................................2-8

3-1: 1 kW Minimum Ventilation Configuration ..........................................3-4

3-2: Typical Front View 15 kW................................................................3-5

3-3: Typical Front View Exciter/Control Cabinet ........................................3-6

3-4: Typical Front View UHF Amplifier Cabinet..........................................3-6

3-5: TB1 Fan Control Connections...........................................................3-7

3-6: AC Input Connections to Control/Exciter Cabinet ...............................3-7

3-7: AC Input Connections to Amplifier Cabinet ........................................3-7

3-8: Rear View HXB Series Digital Driver/Amplifier Chassis Assembly .........3-8

3-9: About Option Splash License Screen............................................... 3-18

3-10: Control/Exciter Cabinet System Controller Screen............................3-19

3-11: Amplifier Cabinet and Transmitter Configuration Screen ...................3-20

3-12: Amplifier Cabinet Screen w/System Error List..................................3-21

3-13: Control Cabinet Screen w/System Error List .................................... 3-22

3-14: Serial Port Configuration Screen ....................................................3-23

5-1: Axciter Upconverter Main Screen .....................................................5-3

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LIST OF TABLES

TABLE PAGE

2-1: HXB Series Trays and Assemblies ....................................................2-3

2-2: Upconverter Front Panel Display ......................................................2-5

2-3: Upconverter Front Panel Sample......................................................2-5

2-4: Controller/Power Supply Front Panel Control Adjustments ..................2-6

2-5: Controller/Power Supply Front Panel Display .....................................2-6

2-6: Controller/Power Supply Front Panel Status Indicators .......................2-6

2-7: Power Amplifier Front Panel Status Indicators ...................................2-6

2-8: Power Amplifier Front Panel Control Adjustments...............................2-7

2-9: Power Amplifier Front Panel Samples................................................2-7

2-10: HXB Series Chassis Customer Remote Connections................... 2-9

3-1: HXB Series Transmitter AC Input and Current Requirements...............3-1

3-2: Rear Chassis Connections for HXB Series Digital Transmitter ..............3-8

HXB Series Driver/Amplifier Controller Menu Screens ..................................... 3-10

3-3: Menu 01 Splash Screen #1 ........................................................... 3-10

3-4: Menu 02 Splash Screen #2 ........................................................... 3-11

3-5: Menu 10 Main Screen ................................................................ 3-11

3-6: Menu 11 Error List Access Screen ................................................3-11

3-7: Menu 12 Transmitter Device Data Access Screen........................... 3-11

3-8: Menu 13 Transmitter Configuration Access Screen......................... 3-12

3-9: Menu 20 Error List Display Screen ............................................... 3-12

3-10: Menu 30 Transmitter Device Details Screen .................................. 3-12

3-11: Menu 30-1 System Details Screens..............................................3-12

3-12: Transmitter Device Parameters Detail Screens ..............................3-13

3-13: Menu 40 Authorized Personnel Screen ......................................... 3-14

3-14: Menu 40-1 Transmitter Set Up: Power Control Screen ................... 3-15

3-15: Menu 40-3 Transmitter Set Up: Model Select Screen ..................... 3-15

3-16: Menu 40-4 Transmitter Set Up: Upconverter Channel Select Screen 3-15

3-17: Menu 40-5 Transmitter Set Up: Serial Address Screen ................... 3-16

3-18: Menu 40-5 Transmitter Set Up: System Forward Power Cal. Screen .. 3-16

3-19: Menu 40-9 Transmitter Set Up: System Rfltd. Power Cal. Screen ......3-16

3-20: Menu 40-13 Transmitter Set Up: Min Fw Pwr Fault Threshold Screen. 3-16

3-21: Menu 40-14 Transmitter Set Up: Max Refl Power Flt Threshold Scrn 3-17

3-22: Menu 40-18 Transmitter Set Up: Inner Loop Gain Control Screen.... 3-17

3-23: Menu 40-19 Transmitter Set Up: Amplifier Module Control Screen ... 3-17

3-24: Menu 40-19 Transmitter Set Up: Remote Command Control Screen 3-17

4-1: DIP Switch Settings for SW1 & SW2 located on Exciter/Power Supply

Assembly Control Board .....................................................................4-7

4-2: Module OK LED Red and Blinking Interpretation .............................. 4-10

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Chapter 1:

Introduction

The Innovator HXB Series Digital UHF
Transmitter is comprised of two cabinet
types, the exciter/control cabinet and
the UHF amplifier cabinet. The
Innovator HXB Series Transmitter
includes one or more UHF Amplifier
cabinets depending on the power
configuration ordered.

1.1: Manual Overview

This instruction manual is divided into
two volumes. Volume 1 contains
information on the System and Control
Cabinet and Volume 2 contains
information on the UHF Amplifier
Cabinet.

Volume 1 contains five chapters and
supporting appendices. Chapter 1,
Introduction, contains information on
safety, return procedures, and
warranties. Chapter 2 contains the
system and assembly descriptions.
Chapter 3 describes the installation and
set up procedures and the operation of
the overall transmitter. Chapter 4
contains the detailed circuit descriptions
of the boards and subassemblies that are
contained in the transmitter. Chapter 5
describes the alignment of the overall
transmitter. Appendix A contains the
system specifications. Appendix B
contains the system drawings and parts
list. Appendix C contains the Control
Cabinet interconnects, schematics,
assembly drawings and parts lists.
Appendix D contains the driver/amplifier
chassis assembly and modules
interconnects, schematics, assembly
drawings and parts lists.

1.2: Assembly Designators

Axcera has assigned assembly numbers,
Ax designations, where x=1,2,3…etc, to
all assemblies, modules, and boards in
the system. These designations are
referenced in the text of this manual and

shown on the block diagrams and
interconnect drawings provided in the
appendices. The Block Diagrams,
Interconnects, Schematics, Assembly
Drawings and Parts Lists are arranged in
increasing numerical order in the
appendices. Section titles in the text for
assembly or module descriptions or
alignment procedures contain the
associated part number(s) and the
relevant appendix that contains the
drawings for that item.

The cables that connect between the
boards within a tray or assembly and
that connect between the trays, racks
and cabinets are labeled using markers.
Figure 1 is an example of a marked
cable. There may be as few as two or
as many as four Markers on any one
cable. These markers are read starting
farthest from the connector. If there
are four Markers, the marker farthest
from the connector is the system
number such as system 1 or translator

2. The next or the farthest Marker is the
rack or cabinet “A” number on an
interconnect cable or the board “A”
number when the cable is within a tray.
The next number on an interconnect
cable is the Tray location or Board “A”
number. The marker closest to the
connector is the jack or connector “J”
number on an interconnect cable or the
jack or connector “J” number on the
board when the cable is within a tray.

4 3 2 1

Figure 1-1 Marker Identification Drawing

1.3: Safety

It is important that any user of this
equipment read all of the instructions,
especially the safety information in this

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chapter, before operating the
transmitter.

Products manufactured by Axcera are
designed to be easy to use and repair
while providing protection from electrical
and mechanical hazards. Listed
throughout the manual are notes,
cautions, and warnings concerning
possible safety hazards that may be
encountered while operating or servicing
the product. Please review these
warnings and familiarize yourself with the
operation and servicing procedures
before working on the product.

Hazardous Accessibility – Axcera has
made attempts to provide appropriate
connectors, wiring and shields to
minimize hazardous accessibility.

Circuit Breakers and Wiring – All
circuit breakers and wire are UL and CE
rated and are rated for maximum
operating conditions.

Single Point Breaker or Disconnect ­The customer should provide a single
point breaker or disconnect at the
breaker box for the main AC input
connection to the transmitter.

Transmitter Ratings - The transmitter
ratings are provided in the text of this
manual along with voltage and current
values for the equipment.

Protective Earthing Terminal – A main
protective earthing terminal is provided
for equipment required to have
protective earthing.

Read All Instructions – All of the
operating and safety instructions should
be read and understood before operating
this equipment.

Retain Manuals – The manuals for the
equipment should be retained at the site
in which the equipment is operating for
future reference. We provide two sets of
manuals for this purpose; one set can be

left at the office while one set can be
kept at the site.

Heed all Notes, Warnings, and
Cautions – All of the notes, warnings,

and cautions listed in this safety section
and throughout the manual must be
followed.

Follow Instructions – All of the
operating and use instructions for the
product should be followed.

Cleaning – Unplug or otherwise
disconnect all power from the equipment
before cleaning. Do not use liquid or
aerosol cleaners. Use a damp cloth for
cleaning.

Ventilation – Openings in the cabinet
and module front panels are provided for
ventilation. To ensure the reliable
operation of the transmitter, and to
protect the unit from overheating, these
openings must not be blocked.

Servicing – Do not attempt to service
this product yourself until becoming
familiar with the equipment. If in doubt,
refer all servicing questions to qualified
Axcera service personnel.

Replacement Parts – When
replacement parts are needed, be sure
that the parts have the same functional
and performance characteristics as the
original part. Unauthorized substitutions
may result in fire, electric shock, or other
hazards. Please contact the Axcera
Technical Service Department if you have
any questions regarding service or
replacement parts.

1.4: Contact Information

The Axcera Field Service Department can
be contacted by phone at 1-724-873-
8100 or by fax at 1-724-873-8105.

Before calling Axcera, please be prepared
to supply the Axcera technician with
answers to the following questions. This

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will save time and help ensure the most
direct resolution to the problem.

1. What are the Customers’ Name and

call letters?

2. What are the model number and

type of transmitter?

3. Is the transmitter digital or analog?

4. How long has the transmitter been

on the air? (Approximately, when
was the transmitter installed?)

5. What are the symptoms being

exhibited by the transmitter? Include
the current control/power supply
LCD and touch screen readings. Also
the status of LEDs on the front
panels of the modules. If possible,
include the control/power supply LCD
and touch screen readings before the
problem occurred.

1.5: Material Return Procedure

To insure the efficient handling of
equipment or components that have
been returned for repair, Axcera
requests that each returned item be
accompanied by a Return Material
Authorization Number (RMA#). The
RMA# can be obtained from any Axcera
Service Engineer by contacting the
Axcera Technical Service Department at
1-724-873-8100 or by fax at 1-724­873-8105. This procedure applies to all
items sent to the Technical Service
Department regardless of whether the
item was originally manufactured by
Axcera.

When equipment is sent to the field on
loan, the RMA# is included with the unit.
The RMA# is intended to be used when
the unit is returned to Axcera. In
addition, all shipping material should be
retained for the return of the unit to
Axcera. Replacement assemblies are
also sent with the RMA# to allow for the
proper routing of the exchanged
hardware. Failure to close out this type of
RMA# will normally result in the customer
being invoiced for the value of the loaner
item or the exchange assembly.

When shipping an item to Axcera, please
include the RMA# on the packing list and
on the Axcera-provided shipping
container. The packing slip should also
include contact information and a brief
description of why the unit is being
returned.

Please forward all RMA items to:

Axcera
Customer Service Department
103 Freedom Drive
P.O. Box 525
Lawrence, PA 15055-0525 USA

For more information, concerning this
procedure, call the Axcera Customer
Service Department.

Axcera can also be contacted through e­mail at [e-mail] and on the
Web at www.axcera.com.

1.6: Limited One-Year Warranty for
Axcera Products

Axcera warrants each new product that
it has manufactured and sold against
defects in material and workmanship
under normal use and service for a
period of one (1) year from the date of
shipment from Axcera's plant, when
operated in accordance with Axcera's
operating instructions. This warranty
shall not apply to tubes, fuses,
batteries, or bulbs.

Warranties are valid only when and if
(a) Axcera receives prompt written
notice of breach within the period of
warranty, (b) the defective product is
properly packed and returned by the
buyer (transportation and insurance
prepaid), and (c) Axcera determines, in
its sole judgment, that the product is
defective and not subject to any misuse,
neglect, improper installation,
negligence, accident, or (unless
authorized in writing by Axcera) repair
or alteration. Axcera's exclusive liability
for any personal and/or property
damage (including direct, consequential,

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or incidental) caused by the breach of
any or all warranties, shall be limited to
the following: (a) repairing or replacing
(in Axcera's sole discretion) any
defective parts free of charge (F.O.B.
Axcera’s plant) and/or (b) crediting (in
Axcera's sole discretion) all or a portion
of the purchase price to the buyer.

Equipment furnished by Axcera, but not
bearing its trade name, shall bear no
warranties other than the special hours­of-use or other warranties extended by

or enforceable against the manufacturer
at the time of delivery to the buyer.

NO WARRANTIES, WHETHER
STATUTORY, EXPRESSED, OR
IMPLIED, AND NO WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR
ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR
FREEDOM FROM INFRINGEMENT,
OR THE LIKE, OTHER THAN AS
SPECIFIED IN PATENT LIABILITY
ARTICLES, AND IN THIS ARTICLE,
SHALL APPLY TO THE EQUIPMENT
FURNISHED HEREUNDER.

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 1, Introduction

EMERGENCY FIRST AID INSTRUCTIONS



 WARNING!!!



 HIGH VOLTAGE 

DO NOT ATTEMPT TO REPAIR OR TROUBLESHOOT THIS EQUIPMENT
UNLESS YOU ARE FAMILIAR WITH ITS OPERATION AND
EXPERIENCED IN SERVICING HIGH VOLTAGE EQUIPMENT. LETHAL
VOLTAGES ARE PRESENT WHEN POWER IS APPLIED TO THIS
SYSTEM. IF POSSIBLE, TURN OFF POWER BEFORE MAKING
ADJUSTMENTS TO THE SYSTEM.

 RADIO FREQUENCY RADIATION HAZARD 

MICROWAVE, RF AMPLIFIERS AND TUBES GENERATE HAZARDOUS
RF RADIATION THAT CAN CAUSE SEVERE INJURY INCLUDING
CATARACTS, WHICH CAN RESULT IN BLINDNESS. SOME CARDIAC
PACEMAKERS MAY BE AFFECTED BY THE RF ENERGY EMITTED BY RF
AND MICROWAVE AMPLIFIERS. NEVER OPERATE THE
TRANSMITTER SYSTEM WITHOUT A PROPERLY MATCHED RF
ENERGY ABSORBING LOAD ATTACHED. KEEP PERSONNEL AWAY
FROM OPEN WAVEGUIDES AND ANTENNAS. NEVER LOOK INTO AN
OPEN WAVEGUIDE OR ANTENNA. MONITOR ALL PARTS OF THE RF
SYSTEM FOR RADIATION LEAKAGE AT REGULAR INTERVALS.

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Personnel engaged in the installation, operation, or maintenance of this equipment are urged to become
familiar with the following rules both in theory and practice. It is the duty of all operating personnel to be
prepared to give adequate Emergency First Aid and thereby prevent avoidable loss of life.

RESCUE BREATHING

1. Find out if the person is
breathing.

You must find out if the person
has stopped breathing. If you
think he is not breathing, place
him flat on his back. Put your ear
close to his mouth and look at his
chest. If he is breathing you can
feel the air on your cheek. You
can see his chest move up and
down. If you do not feel the air
or see the chest move, he is not
breathing.

2. If he is not breathing, open
the airway by tilting his head
backwards.

Lift up his neck with one hand
and push down on his forehead
with the other. This opens the
airway. Sometimes doing this will
let the person breathe again by
himself.

SKIN REDDENED: Apply ice cold water to burned
area to prevent burn from going deeper into skin
tissue. Cover area with a clean sheet or cloth to
keep away air. Consult a physician.

SKIN BLISTERED OR FLESH CHARRED: Apply
ice cold water to burned area to prevent burn from
going deeper into skin tissue.

3. If he is still not breathing,
begin rescue breathing.

-Keep his head tilted backward.
Pinch nose shut.

-Put your mouth tightly over his
mouth.

-Blow into his mouth once every
five seconds

-DO NOT STOP rescue breathing
until help arrives.

LOOSEN CLOTHING - KEEP
WARM

Do this when the victim is
breathing by himself or help is
available. Keep him as quiet as
possible and from becoming
chilled. Otherwise treat him for
shock.

BURNS

Cover area with clean sheet or cloth to keep away
air. Treat victim for shock and take to hospital.

EXTENSIVE BURN - SKIN BROKEN: Cover area
with clean sheet or cloth to keep away air. Treat
victim for shock and take to hospital.

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 1, Introduction

dBm, dBw, dBmV, dBµµµµV, & VOLTAGE

EXPRESSED IN WATTS

50 Ohm System

WATTS PREFIX dBm dBw dBmV dBµV VOLTAGE
1,000,000,000,000 1 TERAWATT +150 +120
100,000,000,000 100 GIGAWATTS +140 +110
10,000,000,000 10 GIGAWATTS +130 +100
1,000,000,000 1 GIGAWATT +120 + 99
100,000,000 100 MEGAWATTS +110 + 80
10,000,000 10 MEGAWATTS +100 + 70
1,000,000 1 MEGAWATT + 90 + 60
100,000 100 KILOWATTS + 80 + 50
10,000 10 KILOWATTS + 70 + 40
1,000 1 KILOWATT + 60 + 30
100 1 HECTROWATT + 50 + 20
50 + 47 + 17
20 + 43 + 13
10 1 DECAWATT + 40 + 10
1 1 WATT + 30 0 + 77 +137 7.07V

0.1 1 DECIWATT + 20 - 10 + 67 +127 2.24V

0.01 1 CENTIWATT + 10 - 20 + 57 +117 0.707V

0.001 1 MILLIWATT 0 - 30 + 47 +107 224mV

0.0001 100 MICROWATTS - 10 - 40

0.00001 10 MICROWATTS - 20 - 50

0.000001 1 MICROWATT - 30 - 60

0.0000001 100 NANOWATTS - 40 - 70

0.00000001 10 NANOWATTS - 50 - 80

0.000000001 1 NANOWATT - 60 - 90

0.0000000001 100 PICOWATTS - 70 -100

0.00000000001 10 PICOWATTS - 80 -110

0.000000000001 1 PICOWATT - 90 -120

TEMPERATURE CONVERSION

°°°°F = 32 + [(9/5) °°°°C]

°°°°C = [(5/9) (°°°°F - 32)]

Volume 1, Rev. 0 1-7

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Innovator
UHF Transmitter

HXB Series Digital Chapter 1, Introduction

USEFUL CONVERSION FACTORS

To Convert From To Multiply By

mile (US statute) kilometer (km) 1.609347
inch (in) millimeter (mm) 25.4
inch (in) centimeter (cm) 2.54
inch (in) meter (m) 0.0254
foot (ft) meter (m) 0.3048
yard (yd) meter (m) 0.9144
mile per hour (mph) kilometer per hour(km/hr) 1.60934
mile per hour (mph) meter per second (m/s) 0.44704
pound (lb) kilogram (kg) 0.4535924
gallon (gal) liter 3.7854118
U.S. liquid
(One U.S. gallon equals 0.8327 Canadian gallon)
fluid ounce (fl oz) milliliters (ml) 29.57353
British Thermal Unit watt (W) 0.2930711
per hour (Btu/hr)
horsepower (hp) watt (W) 746

NOMENCLATURE OF FREQUENCY BANDS

Frequency Range Designation

30 to 300 kHz LF - Low Frequency
300 to 3000 kHz MF - Medium Frequency
3 to 30 MHz HF - High Frequency
30 to 300 MHz VHF - Very High Frequency
300 to 3000 MHz UHF - Ultrahigh Frequency
3 to 30 GHz SHF - Superhigh Frequency
30 to 300 GHz EHF - Extremely High Frequency

3 to 30 kHz VLF - Very Low Frequency

LETTER DESIGNATIONS FOR UPPER FREQUENCY BANDS

Letter Freq. Band

L 1000 - 2000 MHz
S 2000 - 4000 MHz
C 4000 - 8000 MHz
X 8000 - 12000 MHz
Ku 12 - 18 GHz
K 18 - 27 GHz
Ka 27 - 40 GHz
V 40 - 75 GHz
W 75 - 110 GHz

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-10

-20

-30

-40

-50

-60

-70

N

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Innovator
UHF Transmitter

HXB Series Digital Chapter 1, Introduction

RETURN LOSS VS. VSWR

R
E
T
U
R

L
O
S
S

1.001 1.01 1.1 2.0

VSWR

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 1, Introduction

UHF Transmitter

ABBREVIATIONS/ACRONYMS

AC Alternating Current

AFC Automatic Frequency
Control

AGC Automatic Gain Control

ALC Automatic Level Control

AM Amplitude modulation

ATC A-line, Transmitter,
COFDM

ATSC Advanced Television

Systems Committee (Digital)

AWG American wire gauge

BER Bit Error Rate

BW Bandwidth

CE Product has met EU consumer

safety, health or environmental
requirements.

COFDM Coded Orthogonal Frequency

Division Multiplexing modulation
scheme

DC Direct Current

D/A Digital to analog

DSP Digital Signal Processing

DTV Digital Television

DVB Digital Video Broadcasting

dB Decibel

dBm Decibel referenced to

1 milliwatt

dBmV Decibel referenced to
1 millivolt

dBw Decibel referenced to 1 watt

FCC Federal Communications

Commission

FEC Forward Error Correction

FM Frequency modulation

FPGA Field Programmable Gate

Array

HXB High Power Transmitter, B-line

Hz Hertz

ICPM Incidental Carrier Phase
Modulation

I/P Input

IF Intermediate Frequency

LED Light emitting diode

LSB Lower Sideband

LDMOS Lateral Diffused Metal Oxide

Semiconductor Field Effect
Transistor

MPEG Motion Pictures Expert
Group

NTSC National Television
Systems Committee (Analog)

O/P Output

PLL Phase Locked Loop

PCB Printed circuit board

QAM Quadrature Amplitude

Modulation

SMPTE Society of Motion Picture
and Television Engineers

VSB Vestigial Side Band

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 2, System Description

UHF Transmitter and Remote Control Connections

Chapter 2:

System Description and Remote Control Connections

2.0: System Overview

Each Innovator HXB Series UHF
transmitter system consists of an
Exciter/Driver System Control Cabinet
and one or more RF Power Amplifier
(PA) Cabinets each of which has a
maximum power output of 5 kW ATSC.
Volume 1, this volume, contains
information on the system and the
exciter/control cabinet. The information
and drawings on the UHF Power
Amplifier Cabinet are contained in
Volume 2.

The Exciter/Driver System Control
Cabinet contains a computer with a
touch screen, keyboard, mouse and an
UPS power supply. An HXB Series
Driver/Amplifier Assembly and an
Axciter Modulator are also part of the
exciter/driver cabinet. An external Dual
Peak Detector Board generates a
forward and a reflected power sample
for metering purposes in the
driver/amplifier assembly. A Serial
Loop-Thru board is mounted in the
cabinet assembly and provides system
serial interface connection to both the
Axciter and the Driver/Amplifier
Assembly. A relay is part of the cabinet
assembly and is used to switch the pre­filer and post-filter samples to the
Axciter Modulator that is used in the
Adaptive Digital Equalization process.

NOTE: Refer to the separate Axciter
Modulator Instruction Manual for detailed
information on the Axciter Modulator
Tray and the Upconverter and
Downconverter Modules mounted in the
exciter/driver chassis assembly.

2.1: HXB Exciter

The HXB Exciter with Axciter accepts the
SMPTE-310 encoded digital video input
and performs all processing necessary to
create an ATSC compatible RF output.

The exciter is equipped with a high-speed
digital signal processing system that
monitors not only the incoming digital
video signal but also the amplified RF
signal before it is filtered and after it is
filtered. The Axciter monitors the output of
the RF amplifier cabinet or combiner, which
is the pre filter sample (non-linear
distortion), and the after filter sample
(linear distortion), from the output of the
DTV Filter. The Axciter automatically
computes pre-correction information that is
used to produce the highest quality over­the-air 8VSB signal output possible. This
system is called Adaptive Digital
Equalization.

The Exciter consists of the Axciter
Modulator Tray, the Driver/Amplifier
Chassis Assembly, which contains the
Axciter Upconverter module, the Axciter
Downconverter module, the Control/Power
Supply Assembly and the Driver Power
Amplifier Assembly, and the Dual Peak
Detector Board.

The output of the Axciter Modulator Tray,
at J40 the IF output jack (-12 dBm, .06
mW), connects to J15 the Modulated IF
input jack on the Driver/Amplifier Chassis
Assembly. The modulated IF connects to
the Upconverter Module which produces a
RF on channel frequency signal at J23 the
Upconverter RF output jack on the rear
panel of the driver/amplifier chassis
assembly. The gain of the upconverter is
adjustable and dependent on the number
of UHF amplifier cabinets in the system.
The output of the upconverter may be
padded by a 6 dB attenuator for 3 cabinets
or a 10dB attenuator for 1 or 2 cabinets.
The RF is jumper cabled to J24 the IPA RF
input jack on the driver/amplifier chassis
assembly. The RF input (≈+6 dBm, 4 mW
1 amp cab, or ≈+9 dBm, 8 mW 2 Amp Cab,
or ≈+10.8 dBm, 12 mW 3 amp cab) is
connected to the IPA assembly, which
amplifies the RF that is connected to J25
the IPA RF output jack of the

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 2, System Description

UHF Transmitter and Remote Control Connections

driver/amplifier assembly. The RF
(≈+27 dBm, 0.5 W 1 amp cab, or ≈+30
dBm, 1 W 2 amp cab, or (≈+31.8 dBm,

1.5 W 3 amp cab) is cabled to the RF
Amplifier Cabinet or to a 2 way or 3 way
splitter in multi-amplifier configurations.

2.1.1: Pre-Filter Sample (Non-Linear
Distortion)

A forward power sample, pre-filtering, of
the output of the UHF amplifier cabinet or
the combiner is provided from the pre­filter coupler. The sample connects to
J1, on the Axciter relay. The relay is
controlled by the Axciter Modulator
through J7.

The selected output of the relay, either
the Pre or Post filter sample, connects to
the rear of the driver/amplifier chassis
assembly at the SMA Jack J41 that is
connected to the downconverter module
for use in the adaptive equalization
process.

2.1.2: Post-Filter Sample (Linear
Distortion)

A forward power sample, after filtering,
of the output of the transmitter is
provided from the DTV mask filter. The
sample connects to J2, on the Axciter
relay. The relay is controlled by the
Axciter Modulator Tray through J7.

The selected output of the relay, either
the Pre or Post filter sample, connects to
the rear of the driver/amplifier chassis
assembly at the SMA Jack J41 that is
connected to the downconverter module
for use in the adaptive equalization
process in the Axciter.

2.2: UHF Amplifier Cabinet Assembly

The PA cabinets are typically made up of
eight RF amplifier assemblies, using
seven 2 way splitters, an 8 way
combiner, a Top Power Supply Assembly

Controllers, a 480 or 208 VAC Power
Distribution Panel that also distributes the
110 VAC to the cabinet.

The RF input, (+27 dBm, 500 mW), from
the Exciter or the two way or three way
splitter connects to the Amplifier Cabinet at
the (A14) 2 Way Splitter in an eight
amplifier assembly cabinet. Each output of
the 2-Way Splitter is split by another
2-Way Splitter, creating four outputs.
Each of these outputs is split again by
another Two Way Splitter creating eight
total outputs, each (+18 dBm, 63 mW)
that connect to the eight Power Amplifier
Assemblies. Each PA Assembly has
approximately +40.5 dB of gain and
generates a RF output of (+58.5 dBm, 700
W). These eight RF outputs are combined
in an 8 Way Combiner to produce an RF
Output of (+67.2 dBm, 5.2 kW) DTV.

In an amplifier cabinet with six amplifier
assemblies, the input connects to a 2 way
splitter. Each output of the 2-Way Splitter
is split by a 3-Way Splitter, creating six
outputs. Each of these outputs (+18 dBm,
63 mW) connect to the six Power Amplifier
Assemblies. Each PA Assembly has
approximately +40.5 dB of gain and
generates a RF output of (+58.5 dBm, 700
W). These six RF outputs are combined in
a 6 Way Combiner to produce an RF
Output of (+65.7 dBm, 3.7 kW) DTV.

In an amplifier cabinet with three amplifier
assemblies, the input connects to a 3 way
splitter. Each of the outputs of the 3 Way
Splitter (+18 dBm, 63 mW) connects to
one of the three Power Amplifier
Assemblies. Each PA Assembly has
approximately +40.5 dB of gain and
generates a RF output of (+58.5 dBm, 700
W). These three RF outputs are combined
in a 3 Way Combiner to produce an RF
Output of (+62.6 dBm, 1.8 kW) ATSC.

NOTE: Detailed information and drawings
on the UHF Power Amplifier Cabinet are
contained in Volume 2 of this Manual.

#1, a Bottom Power Supply Assembly
#2, two Transformers, two SCR

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 2, System Description

UHF Transmitter and Remote Control Connections

2.3: RF Output Assemblies

The RF outputs from the individual
amplifier cabinets connect, in higher
power transmitters with multiple
amplifier cabinets, to the RF combiner
assembly. In Transmitters 5 kW and
lower in power, with a single amplifier
cabinet, the output of the amplifier
cabinet connects directly to the coupler
assembly and then to J1, the RF input
jack on the DTV mask filter assembly.
In multiple amplifier cabinet
transmitters, the output of the
combiner, at a 3-1/8” connector, is
cabled through the coupler assembly to
J1 the RF input jack on the DTV mask
filter assembly. In all power level
transmitters, the coupler supplies a
forward pre-filter sample that is cabled
to the Axciter relay mounted in the
exciter control cabinet.

The DTV mask filter provides two
forward power samples and one
reflected power sample. One of the
forward power samples and the reflected

power sample are cabled to the Exciter
Control Cabinet. The forward sample
connects to J1 on the dual peak detector
board that produces a detected output
level of the forward sample which connects
thru TB1 to the system controller mounted
in the HXB exciter/driver assembly where it
is used for monitoring and control
purposes. The other forward power sample
is connected to the Axciter Relay, post
filter sample, for use in the adaptive
equalization process.

The reflected sample from the DTV mask
filter connects to the J2 on the dual peak
detector board that produces a detected
output level of the reflected sample which
connects thru TB1 to the system controller
mounted in the HXB exciter/driver
assembly where it is used for monitoring
and control purposes.

The RF output of the DTV mask filter is the
UHF on channel RF output of the
transmitter that connects to the antenna
for your system.

Figure 2-1: Driver/Amplifier Front View

Table 2-1: HXB Series Trays and Assemblies

ASSEMBLY DESIGNATOR

TRAY/ASSEMBLY NAME PART NUMBER

Exciter Amplifier Chassis
Assembly, HXB Series

1305801 (110 VAC) Or
1305555 (220 VAC)

A11 Backplane Board, Axciter 1307307

A1 Downconverter Module, Axciter 1306852
A5 Upconverter Module, Axciter 1306850

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 2, System Description

UHF Transmitter and Remote Control Connections

A4 Control/Power Supply Module

1310690 (110 VAC) Or
1303229 (220 VAC)

A6 Power Amplifier Driver Module 1306019

2.4: Driver Amplifier Chassis
Assembly, HXB Series, (1305801,
110 VAC or 1305555, 220 VAC;
Appendix D)

The Digital HXB Series driver amplifier
assembly is made up of the modules and
assemblies as shown in Figure 2-1 and
listed in Table 2-1.

The chassis assembly provides the
spaces into which the individual modules
slide, using tracks mounted on the top
and bottom of the assembly. The chassis
assembly is factory set for operation
using 110 or 220 VAC as directed by the
customer. In this system the modules
include, a System Controller/Power
Supply. The System Control Module
plugs directly into a backplane board

level of –6 dBm, through Jack J12
located on the rear panel of the
driver/amplifier chassis assembly. The
signal is attenuated by a 10 dB pad, and
then converted to an IF of 1044 MHz by
mixer U1. A sample of the upconversion
LO from the L-Band PLL Board mounted
in the upconverter module assembly is
sent through the exciter’s backplane
board. On the downconverter board,
the LO is amplified and then filtered to
remove any spurious energy before
being applied to U1. The IF output of
the downconverter connects to J13
located on the rear panel of the
driver/amplifier chassis assembly that is
cabled to the Axciter Modulator Tray.

2.4.2: (A5) Upconverter Module
(1306850; Appendix D)

mounted at the rear of the chassis
assembly. The backplane board
(1307307) provides module to module
interconnection as well as interconnection
to remote command and control
connectors at TB30 and TB31 on the rear
of the assembly.

NOTE: Additional information and
drawings on the Axciter, the Upconverter
Module and the Downconverter Module
are found in the separate Axciter Manual.

2.4.1: (A1) Downconverter Module
Assembly (1306852; Appendix D)

The Upconverter Module Assembly
(1306850) contains (A2) a Final
Conversion Board, Axciter (1307263),
(A3) a First Conversion Board (1306759),
(A4) a L-Band PLL Board, Axciter
(1307206) and (A1) an AGC Control
Board, Axciter (1307366). The
Downconverter Module Assembly
(1306852) contains (A1) a
Downconverter Board (1306807).

The upconverter assembly is used to
convert a 44 MHz IF signal to a final

The Downconverter Module Assembly
contains the Downconverter Board,
Axciter (1306807).

A sample of the transmitter’s RF output,
pre-filter or post-filter, which is selected
from the external relay, is applied to the
downconverter board, at a nominal input

output frequency of 54-860 MHz. The
module also has a pin attenuator that is
used in an ALC circuit to hold the
transmitter output power constant. The
module is frequency agile and can be
used on any VHF or UHF channel.

The 0 dBm 44 MHz IF input from the
Axciter tray connects through J12 on the
rear panel of the driver/amplifier chassis

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 2, System Description

UHF Transmitter and Remote Control Connections

assembly, through the backplane board
and is applied to a mixer mounted on
the 1st conversion board. Also applied to
the first mixer is the 1 GHz LO that is
needed for mixing with the 44 MHz IF to
convert it to a nominal frequency
centered at 1044 MHz. A filter selects
the conversion product, LO1, which is
then amplified and applied to the second
mixer.

This LO1 signal is applied to a second
mixer mounted on the final conversion
board, that converts it to a broadcast
channel (2-69) by mixing the LO1 with
an LO2 generated signal which operates
in 100kHz steps between 1.1-1.9 GHz
depending on the channel selected. The
output of the second mixer is applied to
a 900 MHz Low pass filter that removes

resulting On Channel RF signal is
amplified and applied to a Pin diode
attenuator circuit. The output of the
attenuator circuit is amplified, filtered
and amplified again before it is
connected out of the board through the
backplane board to the AGC control
board. It is connected through to J23
the RF output jack of the Upconverter
Module Assembly that is jumper cabled
on the rear panel to J24 the IPA RF Input
jack. The pin diode attenuator network
adjusts the gain of the module and is
controlled by an Automatic Gain Control
circuit, which maintains a constant
power out of the upconverter that
connects to the power amplifiers and
also the transmitter. A sample of the RF
output, -30 dBm, is provided through
the front panel mounted SMA jack

unwanted conversion products. The

Table 2-2: Upconverter Assembly, Axciter Front Panel Status Indicators

LED FUNCTION

PLL Fault

(Green/Red)

STATUS

(Green/Red)

AGC

(Green/Red)

Green indicates that the 1 GHz PLL 1 and the 1.1 –1.9 GHz PL 2 are
operating normally. When lit Red, it indicates that one or both of
the PLLs is unlocked.
When lit Green, it indicates that the system is operating normally.
When lit Red, it indicates that a Mute condition has occurred.
When lit Green, it indicates that the AGC is in range and operating
normally. When lit Red, it indicates that the AGC is out of range.

Table 2-3: Upconverter Assembly, Axciter Front Panel Sample

SMA CONNECTOR DESCRIPTION

RF SAMPLE Sample of the On Channel RF Output of the Upconverter (-30 dBm)

2.4.3: (A4) Control/Power Supply
Module Assembly (1310690, 110 VAC
or 1303229, 220 VAC; Appendix D)

(1302837), a Switch Board (1527-1406),
and a LCD Display. The Assembly also
contains a switching power supply that
provides ±12 VDC to the rest of the
modules in the chassis and +32 VDC to the
Power Amplifier module.

The Assembly provides all transmitter

The Control & Monitoring/Power Supply
Assembly is configured at the factory for

operation at 110 VAC or 220 VAC. The
assembly made up of a Control Board
(1302021), a Power Protection Board

control and monitoring functions. The
Front panel LCD display, 20 char x 4 lines,
allows monitoring of system parameters,
including forward and reflected power,
transistor currents, module temperatures
and power supply voltages. The LCD
screens are detailed in Chapter 3.

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 2, System Description

UHF Transmitter and Remote Control Connections

Table 2-4: Controller/Power Supply Display

DISPLAY FUNCTION

A 4 x 20 display providing a four-line readout of the internal

LCD

functions, external inputs, and status. See Chapter 3,
Controller/Power Supply Display Screens, for a listing of displays.

Table 2-5: Controller/Power Supply Status Indicator

LED FUNCTION

OPERATE

(green)

FAULT

(red or green)

DC OK

( red or green )

When lit it indicates that the transmitter is in the Operate Mode. If
transmitter is Muted the Operate LED will stay lit, the exciter/driver
will remain in Operate, until the input signal is returned.
Red indicates that a problem has occurred in the transmitter. The
transmitter will be Muted or placed in Standby until the problem is
corrected.
Green indicates that the switchable fuse protected DC outputs that
connect to the modules in the transmitter are OK.

Table 2-6: Controller/Power Supply Control Adjustments

POTENTIOMETERS

DESCRIPTION

DISPLAY CONTRAST Adjusts the contrast of the display for desired viewing of screen.

2.4.4: (A6) Exciter Power Amplifier
Module, UHF (1306019; Appendix D)

dBm), and enters the module at J24.
The DTV RF connects to J3 on the (A1) 1
Watt UHF Amplifier Module that contains
a 1 Watt UHF Amplifier Board (1302761).
The module has approximately 17 dB of
gain. The RF output of the module (+27
dBm) at J4 connects to the RF input jack
on the RF module pallet, Philips
(1300116) that is made from the RF
module pallet w/o transistors (1152336).

The Power Amplifier Module Assembly is
made up of an Amplifier Control Board
(1304774), a Coupler Board Assembly
(1227-1316), 1 Watt UHF Module
Assembly (1302891), and a RF Module
Pallet Assembly, 250 Watts (1300116).

The Power Amplifier Module contains
Broadband LDMOS amplifiers that cover
the section of the UHF band that your
channel is contained. The RF output of
the Axciter Upconverter is passed

The RF module pallet, Philips has
approximately 12 dB of gain. The
amplified RF output (+39 dBm) is cabled
to J1 on the Coupler Board Assembly
(1227-1316) that supplies a forward
power sample to the Amplifier Control
Board (1304774).

AGC Voltage, control and monitoring
lines from the Amplifier Control Board
are routed through the floating blind­mate connector to the Control &
Monitoring/Power Supply module.

through the attenuator, (+6 to +10.8

Table 2-7: Power Amplifier Status Indicator

LED FUNCTION

ENABLED

(Green)

DC OK

(Green)

When lit Green, it indicates that the PA is in the Operate Mode. If a
Mute occurs, the PA will remain Enabled, until the input signal is
returned.
When lit Green, it indicates that the fuse protected DC inputs to the
PA module are OK.

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 2, System Description

UHF Transmitter and Remote Control Connections

TEMP

(Green)

MOD OK

(Green)

When lit Green, it indicates that the temperature of the heatsink
assembly in the module is below 78˚C.
When lit Green, it indicates that the PA Module is operating and has
no faults.
If the Module OK LED is Red and blinking a fault is present.
1 Blink indicates Amplifier Current Fault.

MOD OK

(Red)

2 Blinks indicate Temperature Fault.
3 Blinks indicate +32V Power Supply Over Voltage Fault.
4 Blinks indicate +32V Power Supply Under Voltage Fault.
5 Blinks indicate Reflected Power Fault.
6 Blinks indicate +12V or –12V Power Supply Fault.

Table 2-8: Power Amplifier Control Adjustments

POTENTIOMETERS

DESCRIPTION

AVERAGE CAL Adjusts the gain of the Average Power monitoring circuit

FORWARD CAL Adjusts the gain of the Forward Power monitoring circuit

REFLECTED CAL Adjusts the gain of the Reflected Power monitoring circuit

Table 2-9: Power Amplifier Samples

DISPLAY FUNCTION

FORWARD SAMPLE

RF sample of the amplified DTV RF signal being sent out the module
on J25. (≈ - 10 dBm)

NOTE: The sample levels will vary depending on the output power level.

2.5: Control and Status

The control and status readings of the
driver/amplifier chassis assembly are
found by operating the front panel
display screen on the front of the
assembly. Detailed explanation on the
screens information is found in Chapter
3 of this Volume.

2.5.1: Front Panel Display Screens

A 4 x 20 display located on the front of
the Control & Monitoring/Power Supply
Module is used in the HXB Series
driver/amplifier for control of the
operation and display of the operating
parameters of the transmitter. The LCD
menu screens are detailed in Chapter 3
of this Volume.

2.6: System Operation

When the transmitter is in operate, as set
by the menu screen on the touch screen,
the following occurs. The +32 VDC stage
of the Power Supply in the Control &
Monitoring Module is enabled, the
operate indicator on the front panel is lit

and the DC OK on the front panel should
also be green. The enable and DC OK
indicators on the PA Module will also be
green.

When the transmitter is in standby, the
+32 VDC stage of the Power Supply in
the Control & Monitoring Module is
disabled, the operate indicator on the
front panel will be extinguished and the
DC OK on the front panel should remain
green. The enable indicator on the PA
Module is also extinguished.

If the transmitter does not switch to
Operate when the operate menu is
switched to Operate, check that all faults
are cleared and that the remote control
terminal block stand-by signal is not
active.

2.6.1: Principles of Operation

Operating Modes

This transmitter is either operating or in
standby mode. The sections below
discuss the characteristics of each of
these modes.

Volume 1, Rev. 0 2-7

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 2, System Description

UHF Transmitter and Remote Control Connections

Operate Mode

Operate mode is the normal mode for
the transmitter when it is providing RF
power output.

Entering Operate Mode

Entering the operate mode can be
initiated a few different ways by the
transmitter control board. A list of the
actions that cause the operate mode to
be entered is given below:

• A low on the Remote Transmitter
Operate line.

• User selects "OPR" using switches
and menus of the front panel.

• Receipt of an “Operate CMD” over
the serial interface.

There are several fault or interlock
conditions that may exist in the
transmitter that will prevent the
transmitter from entering the operate
mode. These conditions are:

• Power Amplifier heat sink
temperature greater than 78˚C.

• Power Amplifier Interlock is high
indicating that the amplifier is not
installed.

Standby Mode

The standby mode in the transmitter
indicates that the output amplifier of the
transmitter is disabled.

Entering Standby Mode

Similar to the operate mode, the
standby mode is entered using various
means. These are:

• A low on the Remote Transmitter
Stand-By line.

• Depressing the “STB” key on
selected front panel menus.

• Receipt of a “Standby CMD” over the
serial interface.

RF System Interlock

A RF System Interlock signal is provided
through TB30-5. When this signal
circuit is completed to ground such as
through a wire between TB30-5 and
TB30-15, the transmitter is allowed to
operate. If this circuit is opened, the
transmitter switches to a Mute condition.
This circuit may be completed through
coax relay contacts and/or reject load
contact closures to assure the RF output
system is available to receive the
transmitter's output RF signal.

2.7: Maintenance

The Innovator HXB Series
driver/amplifier is designed with
components that require little or no
periodic maintenance except for the
routine cleaning of the fans and the front
panels of the modules.

The amount of time between cleanings
depends on the conditions within the
transmitter room. While the electronics
have been designed to function even if
covered with dust, a heavy buildup of
dust, dirt, or insects will affect the
cooling of the components. This could
lead to a thermal shutdown or the
premature failure of the affected module.

When the front panels of the modules
become dust covered, the module should
be pulled out and any accumulated
foreign material should be removed.

NOTE: To remove the driver/power
amplifier module, mounted in the
driver/amplifier assembly, the input and
output cables must be removed from the
rear of the module and also a 6/32” x ½”
Philips screw, mounted between the two
connectors, needs to be removed before
the module will pull out. After removal of
the screw, which is used to hold the
module in place during shipping, it does
not need to be replaced.

Volume 1, Rev. 0 2-8



transmitter is OK or completes an interlock daisy chain.

TB30

TB31

Innovator

HXB Series Digital Chapter 2, System Description

UHF Transmitter and Remote Control Connections

A vacuum cleaner, utilizing a small,
wand-type attachment, is an excellent
way to suction out the dirt. Alcohol and
other cleaning agents should not be used
unless you are certain that the solvents
will not damage components or the silk­screened markings on the modules and
boards. Water-based cleaners can be
used, but do not saturate the
components. The fans and heatsinks
should be cleaned of all dust or dirt to
permit the free flow of air for cooling
purposes.

It is recommended that the operating
parameters of the driver/amplifier be
recorded from the LEDs on the modules
and the LCD system metering on the
control/monitoring module at least once
a month. It is suggested that this data

be retained in a rugged folder or
envelope.

2.8: Customer Remote Connections

The remote monitoring and operation of
the driver/amplifier is provided through
jacks TB30 and TB31 located on the rear
of the chassis assembly. If remote
connections are made to the transmitter,
they must be made through plugs TB30
and TB31 at the positions noted on the
transmitter interconnect drawing and
Table 2-10. TB30 and 31 are 18 position
terminal blocks that are removable from
their sockets to make connections easier.
Just grasp and pull the connector straight
out. After connections are made, replace
the connector and push firmly to seat the
connector in the socket.

Figure 2-2: Driver/Amplifier Chassis Assembly Rear View

Table 2-10: HXB Series Chassis Assembly Hard Wired Remote Interface Connections to TB30 or
TB31, 18 pos. Terminal Blocks are located on the rear panel of the Driver/Amplifier Assembly

Signal Name Pin Designations Signal Type/Description

RMT
Transmitter

TB30-1

State
RMT

Transmitter

TB30-2

Interlock

Volume 1, Rev. 0 2-9

TB30

Discrete Open Collector Output - A low indicates that
the Transmitter is in the operate mode.

Discrete Open Collector Output - A low indicates the

When the transmitter is not faulted, the interlock circuit
is completed.

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Innovator

HXB Series Digital Chapter 2, System Description

UHF Transmitter and Remote Control Connections

Signal Name Pin Designations Signal Type/Description

RMT
Transmitter
Interlock
Isolated Return

TB30-3

Ground - Configurable ground return which can be
either jumpered directly to ground or it can be the
“source” pin of an FET so that the exciter interlock can
be daisy chained with other transmitters. This signal
does not directly interface to the microcontroller.

RMT Aux I/O 1 TB30-4 Spare to be used for future expansion.

When this signal's circuit is completed to ground such
RMT
RF System
Interlock

TB30-5

as through a jumper between TB30-5 and TB30-15, the

transmitter is allowed to operate. If this circuit is

opened, the transmitter switches to a Mute condition.

(See note at end of table)
RMT

Transmitter Set
to Operate CMD

RMT
Transmitter Set
to Stand-By
CMD

RMT
System Reflect
Power

TB30-6

TB30-7

TB30-10

Discrete Open Collector Input - A pull down to ground

on this line indicates that the transmitter is to be

placed into the operate mode.

Discrete Open Collector Input - A pull down to ground

on this line indicates that the transmitter is to be

placed into the standby mode.

Analog Output (0 to 4.0 V). This is a buffered loop

through of the calibrated “System Reflected Power” and

indicates the transmitter's reflected output power. The

scale factor is 25% = 3.2V.

Analog Output (0 to 4.0 V). This is a buffered loop
RMT System
Forward Power

TB30-11

through of the calibrated “System Forward Power”.

Indicates the transmitter's Forward power. Scale factor

is 100% = 3.2V.

NOT USED IN DIGITAL - Analog Output (0 to 4.0 V).
RMT System
Aural Power

TB30-12

This is a buffered loop through of the calibrated

“System Aural Power”. Indicates the transmitter's

Aural power. Scale factor is 100% = 3.2V.
RMT Spare 1 TB30-13 Spare to be used for future expansion.
RMT Spare 2 TB30-14 Spare to be used for future expansion
*Ground TB30-15 Ground pin (Normally jumpered to TB30-5)

*System
+12VDC

TB30-16

+12 VDC available through Remote w/ 2 Amp re-

settable fuse. Connected to the dual peak detector

board.
*RTN TB30-17 ±12 VDC returns to the dual peak detector board.

*System

-12VDC

TB30-18

-12 VDC available through Remote w/ 2 Amp re-

settable fuse. Connected to the dual peak detector

board.

TB31

Ground TB31-1, 2 & 6 Ground pins

NOT USED - Discrete Open Collector Input – By

connecting a low to this pin, the Modulator IF source is
IF Processor
IF Signal Select

TB31-3

used by the IF Processor module. When floating the IF

from the internal or external Receiver is used. (NOTE:

The IF Processor board must be configured for external

switching by placing jumper W11 on J29 between pins

1 & 2).

Volume 1, Rev. 0 2-10

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 2, System Description

UHF Transmitter and Remote Control Connections

Signal Name Pin Designations Signal Type/Description

IF Processor
DLC Voltage

UC AGC #2
Voltage

TB31-4

TB31-5

NOT USED - Analog Output (0 to 5.00 V). This is the

input of IF Processor module for system RF output

power control.

NOT USED - Analog Output (0 to 5.00 V). Sample of

the AGC#2 to Upconverter Module.
Ground TB31-6 Ground pin

IF Processor
Mute CMD

TB31-7

UC Fault TB31-8
Axciter Power

Raise CMD
Axciter Power
Lower CMD

TB31-9

TB31-10

NOT USED - Discrete Open Collector Input - A pull

down to ground on this line indicates that the IF

Processor is to be Muted.

NOT USED - Discrete Open Collector Output - A low

indicates that the Upconverter is Faulted.

Discrete Open Collector Input - A pull down to ground

on this line increases the Output Power of the Axciter.

Discrete Open Collector Input - A pull down to ground

on this line decreases the Output Power of the Axciter.
Ground TB31-11 Ground pin

*RTN TB31-12
*System Reflect

Power
*System
Forward Power
System Aural
Power

TB31-13

TB31-14

TB31-15 Aural Forward Power Sample (NOT USED IN DIGITAL)

System +12VDC TB31-16

Reflected and forward metering returns for the dual

peak detector board

Reflected Power Sample to the driver/amplifier

obtained from the dual peak detector board

Forward Power Sample to the driver/amplifier obtained

from the dual peak detector board

+12 VDC available through Remote w/ 2 Amp re-

settable fuse.
Ground TB31-17 Ground pins

System -12VDC TB31-18

-12 VDC available through Remote w/ 2 Amp re-

settable fuse.

* Indicates that these connections are used in the system and are not available for remote use.

NOTE: The RMT RF System Interlock, at TB30-5, provides the customer with a means of

connecting the transmitter to protection circuits, for the loads, thermal switches,
combiners, or the antenna, in the output of your system, that will Mute the
transmitter if the protection circuit opens. If the interlock is not used in the system,
a jumper from TB30-5 to TB30-15, which is ground, needs to be connected to TB30.
This jumper provides the RF System Interlock, which allows the transmitter to go to
operate. Without the jumper, the transmitter will remain Muted.

Volume 1, Rev. 0 2-11

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Innovator

HXB Series Digital Chapter 3, Site Considerations,

UHF Transmitter Installation and Setup Procedures

Chapter 3:

Site Considerations, Installation and Setup Procedures

Table 3-1: HXB Series Transmitter AC Input and Current Requirements.

Transmitter Voltage Current

120 VAC

Less than 5 kW
(2 cabinets)

(1 connection)
480 or 208 VAC, 3 phase
(2 connections) &
120 VAC (1 connection)
120 VAC

5 - 10 kW
(3 cabinets)

(1 connection)
480 or 208 VAC, 3 phase
(4 connections) &
120 VAC (1 connection)
120 VAC

10-15 kW
(4 cabinets)

(1 connection)
480 or 208 VAC, 3 phase
(6 connections) &
120 VAC (1 connection)
120 VAC

15-20 kW
(5 cabinets)

(1 connection)
480 or 208 VAC, 3 phase
(8 connections) &
120 VAC (1 connection)
120 VAC

20-25 kW
(6 cabinets)

(1 connection)
480 or 208 VAC, 3 phase
(10 connections) &
120 VAC (1 connection)
120 VAC

25-30 kW
(7 cabinets)

(1 connection)
480 or 208 VAC, 3 phase
(12 connections) &
120 VAC (1 connection)
120 VAC

35-40 kW
(9 cabinets)

(1 connection)
480 or 208 VAC, 3 phase
(16 connections) &
120 VAC (1 connection)
120 VAC

45-50 kW
(11 cabinets)

(1 connection)
480 or 208 VAC, 3 phase
(20 connections) &
120 VAC (1 connection)

3.1: Site Considerations

There are special considerations that need
to be taken into account before the
Innovator HXB Series Digital UHF

20 Amps to the Control/Exciter Cabinet

Two 30 Amps 480 VAC or 50 Amps 208
VAC and One 1 Amp 120 VAC to the UHF
Amplifier Cabinet

20 Amps to the Control/Exciter Cabinet

Two 30 Amps 480 VAC or 50 Amps 208
VAC and One 1 Amp 120 VAC to each of the
two UHF Amplifier Cabinets.

20 Amps to the Control/Exciter Cabinet

Two 30 Amps 480 VAC or 50 Amps 208
VAC and One 1 Amp 120 VAC to each of the
three UHF Amplifier Cabinets.

20 Amps to the Control/Exciter Cabinet

Two 30 Amps 480 VAC or 50 Amps 208
VAC and One 1 Amp 120 VAC to each of the
four UHF Amplifier Cabinets.

20 Amps to the Control/Exciter Cabinet

Two 30 Amps 480 VAC or 50 Amps 208
VAC and One 1 Amp 120 VAC to each of the
five UHF Amplifier Cabinets.

20 Amps to the Control/Exciter Cabinet

Two 30 Amps 480 VAC or 50 Amps 208 VAC
and One 1 Amp 120 VAC to each of the six
UHF Amplifier Cabinets.

20 Amps to the Control/Exciter Cabinet

Two 30 Amps 480 VAC or 50 Amps 208 VAC
and One 1 Amp 120 VAC to each of the
eight UHF Amplifier Cabinets.

20 Amps to the Control/Exciter Cabinet

Two 30 Amps 480 VAC or 50 Amps 208 VAC
and One 1 Amp 120 VAC to each of the ten
UHF Amplifier Cabinets.

transmitter can be installed. For
example, if the installation is completed
during cool weather, a heat-related
problem may not surface for many
months, suddenly appearing during the

Volume 1, Rev. 0 3-1

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Innovator

HXB Series Digital Chapter 3, Site Considerations,

UHF Transmitter Installation and Setup Procedures

heat of summer. This section provides
planning information for the installation
and set up of the transmitter.

The AC input and current requirements
for HXB Series transmitters are shown in
Table 3-1. Check that your site has the
needed power requirements.

NOTES: The transmitter is factory set
for operation using one 120 VAC to
the Control/Exciter cabinet and two
480 VAC or 208 VAC, 3 phase and one
120 VAC connections to each UHF
Amplifier Cabinet.

The HXB Series Digital Transmitters are
designed and built to provide long life with
a minimum of maintenance. The
environment in which they are placed is
important and certain precautions must be
taken. The three greatest dangers to the
transmitter are heat, dirt, and moisture.
Heat is usually the greatest problem,
followed by dirt, and then moisture. Over­temperature can cause heat-related
problems such as thermal runaway and
component failure. Each amplifier module
in the transmitter contains a thermal
interlock protection circuit that will shut
down that module until the temperature
drops to an acceptable level.

A suitable environment for the transmitter
can enhance the overall performance and
reliability of the transmitter and maximize
revenues by minimizing downtime. A
properly designed facility will have an
adequate supply of cool, clean air, free of
airborne particulates of any kind, and no
excessive humidity. An ideal environment
will require temperature in the range of
40° F to 70° F throughout the year,
reasonably low humidity, and a dust-free
room. It should be noted that this is rarely
if ever attainable in the real world.
However, the closer the environment is to
this design, the greater the operating
capacity of the transmitter.

There are generally three sources of heat
that must be considered. The first and
most obvious is the heat from the

transmitter itself. The heat generated by
the transmitter and other equipment
must be temperature controlled or
removed from the building. The heat
from the amplifier cabinet is exhausted
from the room by an 1800 CFM Blower
for a single amplifier cabinet or a 3600
CFM Blower for two amplifier cabinets.
The heat that is produced inside the
room by the Control/Driver Cabinet and
from the amplifier cabinet needs to be
taken into consideration when cooling the
room.

An example of calculating the capacity of
the air conditioner needed to cool a site if
all the heat and air produced by the
transmitter is exhausted into the room.
This amount can be determined for a
10 kW transmitter by subtracting the
average power to the antenna (10 kW)
from the AC input power (55 kW) and
taking this number (45 kW) and then
multiplying it by 3.41. This gives a result
of 153,450, which are the BTUs to be
removed every hour. 12,000 BTUs per
hour equals one ton. Therefore, a 13-ton
air conditioner will cool a 10 kW digital
transmitter if all the air is exhausted into
the room.

The second source of heat is other
equipment in the same room. If
exhausted into the room, this heat must
also be cooled. The third source of heat
is equally obvious but not as simple to
determine an amount. This is the heat
coming through the walls, roof, and
windows on a hot summer day. Unless
the underside is exposed, the floor is
usually not a problem. Determining this
number is usually best left up to a
qualified HVAC technician. There are far
too many variables to even estimate this
number without reviewing the detailed
drawings of the site that show all of the
construction details. The sum of these
three sources is the bulk of the heat that
must be removed. There may be other
sources of heat, such as personnel, and
all should be taken into account. In a
typical 10 kW digital transmitter site with
the amplifier cabinet exhausted properly,

Volume 1, Rev. 0 3-2

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 3, Site Considerations,

UHF Transmitter Installation and Setup Procedures

the cooling can be accomplished by a 1
ton air conditioner.

The following precautions should be
observed regarding air conditioning
systems:

1. Air conditioners have an ARI nominal
cooling capacity rating. In selecting an
air conditioner, do not assume that
this number can be equated to the
requirements of the site. Make certain
that the contractor uses the actual
conditions that are to be maintained at
the site in determining the size of the
air conditioning unit.

2. Do not have the air conditioner
blowing directly onto the transmitter.
Under certain conditions, condensation
may occur on, or worse in, the
transmitter.

3. Interlocking the transmitter with the
air conditioner is recommended to
keep the transmitter from operating
without the necessary cooling.

While using ventilation alone is not
recommended, the following general
statements apply:

1. The inlet and outlet vents should be on
the same side of the building,
preferably the leeward side. As a
result, the pressure differential created
by wind will be minimized. Only the
outlet vent may be released through
the roof.

2. The inlet and outlet vents should be
screened with 1/8-inch hardware
cloth (preferred) or galvanized
hardware cloth (acceptable).

3. The inlet and outlet should have
automatic dampers that close any time
the blower is off.

4. In those cases in which a transmitter
is regularly off for a portion of each

day, a temperature-differential sensor
that controls a small heater should be
installed. This sensor will monitor
inside and outside temperatures
simultaneously. If the inside
temperature falls to within 5° F of the
outside temperature, the heater will
come on. This will prevent
condensation from forming, when the
blower comes on, and should be used
even in the summer.

5. A controlled air bypass system should
be installed to prevent the
temperature in the room from falling
below 40° F during transmitter
operation.

6. The blower supplied with the
transmitter provides 1800 CFM of air
flow for each amplifier cabinet.
NOTE: Higher elevations require
more air flow to provide the same
amount of cooling. Consult with
Axcera on your blower requirements.

7. Regular maintenance of any filters
can not be overemphasized.

8. It is recommended that a site plan be
submitted to Axcera for comments
before installation begins.

The information presented in this section
is intended to serve only as a general
guide and may need to be modified for
unusually severe conditions.

See Figure 3-1 for a typical transmitter
In and Out air flow configuration.

System interlocking and thermostat
settings should be reviewed with Axcera.
As with any equipment installation, it is
always good practice to consult with the
manufacturer when questions arise.
Axcera can be contacted at 1-724-873-

8100.

Volume 1, Rev. 0 3-3

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 3, Site Considerations,

UHF Transmitter Installation and Setup Procedures

Figure 3-1: Typical Transmitter Air Flow Configuration

3.2: Unpacking the Control/Exciter
Cabinet, Amplifier Cabinet(s), the
RF Combiner, if present, and the
DTV Mask Filter

While completing the installation of the
transmitter, refer to the floor plan for
your site for the location of the cabinets,
combiner, if present, and mask filter.

Thoroughly inspect the cabinets, chassis
with modules and all other materials
upon their arrival. Axcera certifies that
upon leaving our facility the equipment
was undamaged and in proper working
order. The shipping containers should be
inspected for obvious damage that
indicates rough handling. Remove the
control/exciter cabinet, w/chassis and
modules in place, the UHF amplifier
cabinet(s), along with the combiner, if
present, and mask filter, from the crates
and boxes. Remove the straps that hold

the control/exciter cabinet to the
shipping skid and slide the cabinet from
the skid. Remove the plastic wrap and
foam protection from around the cabinet.
Do not remove any labeling or tags from
any cables or connectors; these are
identification markers that make
assembly of the transmitter much easier.
Check for dents and scratches or broken
connectors, switches, display, or
connectors. Any claims against in-transit
damage should be directed to the carrier.
Inform Axcera as to the extent of any
damage as soon as possible. Open the
rear door and carefully remove any
packing material. Open the top touch
screen door and bottom front door and
check that the exciter/driver assembly
and the touch screen and computer are
undamaged. Open the tray containing
the keyboard and mouse and check that
they are undamaged. A key in the front
of the computer, when turned clockwise,

Volume 1, Rev. 0 3-4



CONTROL/EXCITER

UHF AMPLIFIER

R1 R2 R3 R4

Innovator

HXB Series Digital Chapter 3, Site Considerations,

UHF Transmitter Installation and Setup Procedures

gives access to the CD and floppy disk
drives, mounted behind the flip down
front panel of the computer.

Remove the straps that hold the amplifier
cabinets to the shipping skids and slide
them from the skids. Remove the plastic
wrap and foam protection from around
the cabinets. Do not remove any
labeling or tags from any cables or
connectors; these are identification
markers that make assembly and
identification of the transmitter much
easier. Check for dents and scratches or
broken connectors, switches, display, or
connectors. Any claims against in-transit
damage should be directed to the carrier.
Inform Axcera as to the extent of any
damage as soon as possible. Open the
rear doors to the cabinets and inspect
the interior for packing material and
carefully remove any that is found.

3.3: Installation of the Cabinets

The cabinets should be positioned with
consideration of the air intake and
exhaust ducts that mount to the top of

each amplifier cabinet and access to the
front of the amplifier cabinet for the
installation and removal of the UHF
amplifier assemblies. The opening of the
rear door on the amplifier and
control/exciter cabinets, as well as access
to the exciter modules and UHF amplifier
trays (including sliding them out for
testing) should also be kept in mind.

The control/exciter and amplifier cabinets
should be placed in position according to
the floor plan drawing for your site.
Position the R1 (C1) control/exciter
cabinet to the left and even with the front
of the R2 amplifier cabinet #1, taking
into account the cabinet door alignment.
In transmitters above 5 kW, position the
R3 amplifier cabinet #2 to the right of
amplifier #1 and position the R4 amplifier
cabinet #3 to the right of amplifier #2, if
present. Refer to Figure 3-2 for a 15 kW
typical cabinet location. Predrilled
mounting holes and hardware are
provided in the cabinets for bolting them
together. The hardware is provided in
the installation kit.

CABINET (C1)

CABINET #1

UHF AMPLIFIER
CABINET #2

UHF AMPLIFIER
CABINET #3

Figure 3-2: 15kW Typical Front View

Volume 1, Rev. 0 3-5

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AMP #1

AMP #2

AMP #3

AMP #4

AMP #5

AMP #6

AMP #7

AMP #8

HX Chassis

Axciter

Keyboard Drawer

AC Distribution Panel

Innovator

HXB Series Digital Chapter 3, Site Considerations,

UHF Transmitter Installation and Setup Procedures

3.3.1: Exciter/Control Cabinet

Figure 3-3: Typical Exciter/Control

Cabinet Front View

The Exciter/Control Cabinet is shipped
with all assemblies installed. The
driver/amplifier modules are mounted to
the chassis assembly with slides that are
on the top and the bottom of the modules.
There are two thumb screws on the front
panel that hold each of the modules in
place.

NOTE: To remove the driver/power
amplifier module, mounted in the
exciter/driver assembly, the RF input and
output cables must be removed from the
rear of the module and also a 6/32” x ½”
Philips screw, mounted between the
connectors, needs to be removed before
the module will pull out. After removal of
the screw, which is used to hold the
module in place during shipping, it does
not need to be replaced.

3.3.2: Placement and Assembling of
the UHF Amplifier Cabinets

When the UHF amplifier cabinets were
packed at the factory, the individual UHF

amplifier trays are removed from the
cabinet and placed in boxes for
shipment. The UHF amplifier trays must
be replaced in the UHF amplifier
cabinets. The individual trays are
labeled as to their cabinet location.

They will be labeled with the rack
number, R2 (UHF Amplifier #1) or in
higher than 5 kW, R3 (UHF Amplifier
#2) and the amplifier position number,
1 thru 8. An example of amp tray
labeling is, 2-1. The amp tray labeled 2­1 will be placed in Rack #2 (UHF
Amplifier Cabinet #1), amp position #1,
the top left amp position. Refer to
Figure 3-4 for a typical UHF Amplifier
Cabinet racking plan.

Slide each of the UHF amplifier trays
into the proper location(s) in the cabinet
and seat firmly in place.

Figure 3-4: Typical 8 Amplifiers UHF

Amplifier Cabinet Front View

3.3.3: Blower Control Connection

to TB1

Connect two 22AWG wires from the 3
position terminal block TB1 located in the
rear of each Amplifier Cabinet, at the top,
right side, to the fan control box on the
blower assembly. TB1-1 is +12 VDC and
TB1-3 is Blower Control. See Figure 3-5.

Volume 1, Rev. 0 3-6

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A1-A2

A2

TB1

TB1

Innovator

HXB Series Digital Chapter 3, Site Considerations,

UHF Transmitter Installation and Setup Procedures

3.4.2: Main AC Connections to each

of the Amplifier Cabinets

Two 480 VAC or 208 VAC, 3 Phase inputs
are required to each UHF Amplifier
Cabinet. NOTE: In a 2.5 kW UHF
amplifier cabinet just one 480 VAC or
208 VAC input is needed to the amplifier
cabinet. Also one 120 VAC line input is
needed for each UHF amplifier cabinet.

Figure 3-5: TB1 Fan Control Connections

3.4: AC Input

Once the cabinets and all air intake and
exhaust ducts are in place, the main AC
can be connected to the transmitter. A
registered electrician should be used in
connection of the electricity to the
cabinets.

The AC input and current requirements
for HXB Series transmitters are as given
in Table 3-1 located on page 1 of this
chapter.

The AC Inputs to the cabinets of the
transmitter connect to the terminal blocks
located toward the rear, right side near
the top of the control/exciter cabinet and
located toward the rear, left side near the
top of each amplifier cabinet.

3.4.1: Main AC Connection to the
Control/Exciter Cabinet

In each UHF Amplifier Cabinet, connect
one of the 480 VAC or 208 VAC inputs to
the A1-A1 terminal block #1, the AC
Input Line 1 to Line 1 on the terminal
block, the AC Input Line 2 to Line 2, Line
3 to Line 3 and the AC Input Ground to
Ground on the terminal block. Connect
the other 480 VAC or 208 VAC input to
the A2 terminal block #2, the AC Input
Line 1 to Line 1 on the terminal block,
the AC Input Line 2 to Line 2, Line 3 to
Line 3 and the AC Input Ground to
Ground on the terminal block. NOTE: In
480 VAC or 208 VAC Delta
configurations, connect the HIGH Leg, to
Line 1 on the A1-A1 & A2 terminal
blocks.

Connect the 120 VAC to the A1-A2
terminal block #3, Black to Line 2 on the
terminal block, white of the AC Input to
Line 3 on the terminal block and Green
AC Input Ground to Ground, Neutral, on
the terminal block. (Refer to Figure 3-7)

A1-A1

In the Control/Exciter Cabinet, connect
the 120 VAC to the TB1 terminal block,
the AC Input Line 1 to terminal 1 on the
terminal block, the AC Input Line 2 to
terminal 2 on the terminal block and AC
Input Ground to terminal 5 on the
terminal block. (Refer to Figure 3-6)

Figure 3-7: AC Input Connections to

Amplifier Cabinets

This completes the unpacking and
installation of the HXB Series UHF
television transmitter. Refer to the setup
and operation procedures that follow

Figure 3-6: AC Input Connections to

Exciter/Control Cabinet

before applying power to the transmitter.

Volume 1, Rev. 0 3-7



J1

J24

TB30

TB31

J32 J34

J33

J10

J23

J6

J5

J19

J40

TB02

J13

J4

J7

J17

J8

J9

J12

J3

J25

J15

J18

J41

Innovator

HXB Series Digital Chapter 3, Site Considerations,

UHF Transmitter Installation and Setup Procedures

3.5: Setup and Operation

Initially, the transmitter should be turned
on with the RF output at the DTV Mask
Filter terminated into a dummy load of at
least the power rating of the transmitter.
If a load is not available, check that the
output of the DTV Mask Filter is connected
to the antenna for your system.

3.5.1: Input Connections

The input connections to the transmitter
are to the rear of the Control/Exciter
Cabinet. The SMPTE 310 Input connects

Figure 3-8: Rear View of HXB Series Digital Driver/Amplifier

to J27 on the rear panel of the Axciter
modulator tray.

The 10 MHz input from the external GPS,
if used, connects to J9 on the Axciter
Modulator tray. This 10 MHz turns off
the internally generated 10 MHz. The 10
MHz from J12 on the Axciter connects to
the 10 MHz input jack J10 on the rear
panel of the Driver/Amplifier assembly.

Refer to the table and description that
follows for detailed information on the
input connections to the driver/amplifier
chassis assembly.

J11

Table 3-2: Rear Chassis Connections for the HXB Series Digital Transmitter w/Axciter

Port Type Function Impedance

J1 IEC AC Input N/A

TB02 Term NOT USED Base Band Audio Input 600Ω

J3 BNC NOT USED Composite Audio Input 75Ω
J4 BNC NOT USED SAP/PRO Audio Input 50Ω
J5 BNC NOT USED CW IF Input 50Ω
J6 BNC NOT USED Modulated IF Input (From Axciter) 50Ω
J7 BNC NOT USED Video Input (Isolated) 75Ω
J8 BNC NOT USED Visual IF Loop-Thru Output 50Ω
J9 BNC NOT USED Modulator Aural IF Output 50Ω

J10 BNC External 10 MHz Reference Input (From Axciter) 50Ω

J11 BNC NOT USED System 10 MHz Reference Output 50Ω
J12 BNC NOT USED MPEG Input to DM8 50Ω

J13 BNC Downconverter IF Output (To Axciter) 50Ω

J14 BNC NOT USED RF Spare 2 50Ω

J15 BNC Digital IF Input (From Axciter) 50Ω

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Port Type Function Impedance

J17 BNC NOT USED Video Loop-Thru (Isolated) 75Ω
J18 BNC NOT USED Visual IF Loop-Thru Input 50Ω
J19 BNC NOT USED Aural IF Loop-Thru Input 50Ω

J23 BNC Upconverter RF Output (Jumpered to J24) 50Ω
J24 SMA Power Amplifier RF Input (Jumpered to J23) 50Ω
J25 SMA Power Amplifier RF Output 50Ω

J35 BNC NOT USED Power Amplifier Aural RF Input 50Ω
J36 N NOT USED Power Amplifier Aural RF Output 50Ω

J32 RJ-45 SCADA (Input/Loop-Thru) CAT5

J33 RJ-45 SCADA (Input/Loop-Thru) CAT5

J34 RJ-45 System RS-485 Serial CAT5
J40 SMA 1 GHz Input (From Axciter) 50Ω
J41 SMA Downconverter RF Input (From Relay) 50Ω

TB30 Termination Remote Control & Monitoring N/A
TB31 Termination Remote Control & Monitoring N/A

NOTE: Bolded Items are used in this configuration.

3.6: Initial Turn On

Once the transmitter has been installed
and all connections have been made, the
process of turning on the equipment can
begin. First verify that AC power is
present and connected to the
transmitter. Verify all cables are properly
connected and are the correct type.
Once these checks are completed, the
unit is ready to be turned on following
the procedures below.

Turn on the main AC power source that
supplies the AC to the transmitter.
Switch On CB1 the 15 Amp circuit
breaker located at the bottom of the
control cabinet. If the Driver/Amplifier
Chassis Assembly does not turn On,
check that the AC breaker located on the
rear of the Driver/Amplifier Chassis
Assembly located under the AC input
plug is On. Switch On CB1 and CB2 the
two 30 Amp circuit breakers located at
the bottom of each amplifier cabinet.

Caution AC is now applied to the

3.6.1: Driver/Amplifier Front Panel
LED Indicators

Monitor the LCD display located on the
front of the control/monitoring module
as you proceed through this section.
When the transmitter is in the operate
mode, the STB menu appears. When in
the standby mode, the OPR menu
appears. Press the NXT key after each
menu to continue through the sequence.

3.6.1.1: Upconverter Module LEDs on
Front Panel

Status Indicators:

PLL: This illuminates Green when the

phase lock loop circuit is closed, Red if
unlocked.

STATUS: This illuminates Green if no
faults, Red when a fault has occurred in
the upconverter.

AGC: This illuminates Green when in
Auto, Amber when in Manual.

entire transmitter.

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3.6.1.2: Controller Module LEDs on
Front Panel

Status Indicators:

OPERATE: This illuminates Green when

transmitter is in operate.

FAULT: This illuminates Red when a
fault has occurred in the transmitter.

DC OK: This illuminates Green when the
DC outputs that connect to the modules
in the driver/amplifier assembly are
present.

3.6.1.3: Power Amplifier Module LEDs
on Front Panel

Status Indicators:

ENABLED: This illuminates Green when

the PA is in operate.

DC OK: This illuminates Green when the
DC inputs to the PA module are present.

TEMP: This illuminates Green when the
temperature of the heatsink in the PA is
below 78°C.

MOD OK: This illuminates Green when
the PA module is operating and has no
faults, Red if there is a fault.

If the Module OK LED is Red and blinking
a fault is present. The meaning of the
blinking LED is as follows.

1 Blink: Indicates Amplifier Current
Fault.

2 Blinks: Indicate Temperature Fault.
3 Blinks: Indicate +32V Power Supply

Over Voltage Fault.
4 Blinks: Indicate +32V Power Supply
Under Voltage Fault.

5 Blinks: Indicate Reflected Power Fault.
6 Blinks: Indicate +12V or –12V Power

Supply Fault

3.6.2: Front Panel Screens for the
Transmitter using the Driver/
Amplifier Chassis Display

A 4 x 20 display located on the front of
the Control & Monitoring/Power Supply
Module is used in the HXB Series
transmitter for control of the operation
and display of the operating parameters
of the transmitter. Below are the display
screens for the system. The ↑ and ↓
characters are special characters used to
navigate up or down through the menu
screens. Display text flashes on discrete
fault conditions for all screens that
display a fault condition. When the
transmitter is in the operate mode, the
STB menu appears. When the
transmitter is in the standby mode, the
OPR menu appears.

Display Menu Screens for the HXB Series Driver/Amplifier

Table 3-3: Splash Screen #1

This is the first of the two transmitter splash screens that is shown for the first few
seconds after reset or after pushing the SPL button on the Main Screen. Will
automatically switch to the second splash screen.

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Table 3-4: Splash Screen #2

This is the second of the two transmitter splash screens. The system will automatically
switch to the Main Screen. The Model Number, Code Version Number and Firmware
Number for your system are displayed on this screen. Make note of these two numbers
when conferring with Axcera on software problems.

Table 3-5: Main Screen:

This is the default main screen of the transmitter. When the transmitter is in
Standby, the 'OPR' characters appear in the lower right. By pushing the right most
button located under to display the operator will place the Transmitter in Operate. When
the transmitter is in Operate the 'SBY' characters are displayed and the “OFF” is replaced
with 'ON' and the forward power values are displayed. An operator can change the
transmitter from STANDBY to OPERATE by pressing the right most button on the front
panel display. Pushing the SPL button will display the two splash screens.

If the ↓ key is activated, the display changes to Table 3-6, the System Error List Access
Screen. If the ↑ key is activated, the display changes to Table 3-8, the Transmitter
Configurations Access Screen.

Table 3-6: Error List Access Screen

This screen of the transmitter shows the current number of errors, displayed in upper,
right of screen (0), and provides operator access to view Table 3-9, the error list screens,
by pushing the ENT button. When ENT is pushed, Table 3-9, the Error List Display
Screen is displayed. If the ↓ key is pushed the display changes to Table 3-7, the
Transmitter Device Data Access Screen. If the ↑ key is activated the display returns to
Table 3-5, the Main Screen.

Table 3-7: Transmitter Device Data Access Screen

This screen of the transmitter allows access to various parameters of the transmitter
system. This is the entry point to Table 3-10, the System Details Screens, by pausing
the ENT button. When the ENT button is pushed, Table 3-10 is accessed. Go to Table 3­12 for set up details. Before pushing the ENT button: if the ↓ key is activated the display
changes to Table 3-8, Transmitter Configurations Access Screen. If the ↑ key is activated
the display returns to Table 3-6, the Error List Access Screen.

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Table 3-8: Transmitter Configuration Access Screen

This screen of the transmitter allows access to various software settings of the
transmitter system. If ENT is pushed, go to Table 3-13, the access to transmitter
configuration and set up. Before pushing the ENT button: if the ↓ key is activated the
display returns to Table 3-5, Main Screen. If the ↑ key is activated the display returns to
Table 3-7, the Transmitter Device Data Access Screen.

Table 3-9: Error List Display Screen

This screen of the transmitter allows access to the system faults screens. Fault logging is
stored in non-volatile memory. The transmitter's operating state can not be changed in
this screen. The 'CLR' switch is used to clear previously detected faults that are no
longer active. The ↑ key and ↓ key allow an operator to scroll through the list of errors
that have occurred. The ESC button is used to leave this screen and return to Table 3-6,
the Error List Access Screen. NOTE: Shown is example of a typical screen.

Table 3-10 is displayed by selecting ENT at Table 3-7.

Table 3-10: Transmitter Device Details Screen

This screen allows access to the transmitter parameters of installed devices. The system
is configured to know which devices are present. Current values for all installed devices
are shown. If a module is not installed, only a "MODULE NOT PRESENT" message will be
displayed. The first screen displayed is Table 3-11, the System Details Screen.

Table 3-11: System Details Screen

The ↓ and ↑ arrows allow you to scroll through the different parameters of each device as
shown in Table 3-12. Each System Component is a different screen. The proper
modules will be programmed for your system. The External Amplifier Modules are
displayed in each amplifier cabinet. Examples of External Amplifier Modules displays are:
(AMPLIFIER CABINET 1 MODULE 1) and (AMPLIFIER CABINET 2 MODULE 4).

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Table 3-12: Transmitter Device Parameters Detail Screens

System
Component

Parameter Normal

Faulted

(Blinking)

D/C PIN ATTEN VOLTAGE ≈.6V N/A
OVERDRIVE FAULT ≈1.6V N/A
AGC MODE AUTOMATIC N/A
ADAPTIVE EQUALIZATION
STATUS RUNNING N/A

Axciter Details

MEASURED SIGNAL TO NOISE ≈32.6dB N/A
PLL STATUS LOCKED N/A
SMTE310 INPUT STATUS OK N/A
DEMOD FUNCTION STATUS OK N/A
FX VERSION ≈1.013 N/A
NB VERSION ≈0.029 N/A
D/C PIN ATTEN VOLTAGE N/A
U/C PIN ATTEN VOLTAGE ≈1.6V N/A
AFC 1 LEVEL ≈0.06V N/A
INPUT STATUS ON N/A
OUTPUT STATUS ON N/A

Upconverter

Details

AGC 1 LEVEL ≈0.32V N/A
AGC 2 LEVEL ≈0.00V N/A
PLL XXXMHz N/A
PLL STATUS ≈OK FAULT
OVERDRIVE LEVEL STATUS OK FAULT
CODE VERSION 1.6g or higher N/A

EPLD 1.4 or higher N/A
System Control
Details SUPPLY ENABLED FOR xxx HOURS N/A

POWER SUPPLY STATE, 28V 28 VDC N/A

±12V SUPPLY Enabled or Disabled FAULT

FORWARD POWER xxx% N/A

REFL POWER xxx% N/A
Driver PA Details

AMP 1 CURRENT xx.xA N/A

AMP 2 CURRENT xx.xA N/A

TEMPERATURE xxC N/A

CODE VERSION x.x N/A

PA HAS OPERATED FOR x.x HRS N/A

POWER SUPPLY 1 OFF and OK ON and OK FAULT

POWER SUPPLY 2 OFF and OK ON and OK FAULT

FORWARD POWER xxx% N/A

REFLECTED POWER xxx% N/A

AVG POWER xxx% N/A
Amplifier Cabinet
1 Details

AGC LEVEL 0 - 5.00 V N/A

IN - INLET AIR TEMP xxC N/A

OUT - EXHAUST AIR TEMP xxC N/A

RL1-4 FLT xxC N/A

RL5-8 FLT xxC N/A

COOLING BLOWER ON or OFF N/A

CODE VERSION x.x N/A

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System
Component Parameter Normal

Faulted

(Blinking)

RF OUTPUT Enabled or Disabled N/A

POWER SUPPLY x.xV N/A

DRIVER FORWARD POWER xxx% N/A

FINAL FORWARD POWER xxx% N/A

FINAL REFLECTED POWER xxx% N/A

CURRENT 1 xx.xA N/A
Amplifier Cabinet
1 Module 1
Details

CURRENT 2 xx.xA N/A

CURRENT 3 xx.xA N/A

CURRENT 4 xx.xA N/A

CURRENT 5 xx.xA N/A

CURRENT 6 xx.xA N/A

CURRENT 7 xx.xA N/A

FLANGE TEMP xxC N/A

HEATSINK TEMP xxC N/A

CODE VERSION x.x N/A

NOTE: Pushing the ↓ Down Arrow will show on screen the parameters for the rest of the
modules in Cabinet 1, and then the other cabinets in the system, if present.

Pushing the ↓ Down Arrow, after scrolling through all of the detail screens, will put you
back to Table 3-10. Push the ESC button to exit the Transmitter Device Parameter
Screens to Table 3-7, the Transmitter Device Parameter Access Screen.

Table 3-13 is entered by selecting ENT at Table 3-8.

Table 3-13: Authorized Personnel Screen

This screen of the transmitter notifies an operator that they are only to proceed if they
are authorized to make changes to the transmitter's operation. Changes made within the
following set-up screens can affect the transmitters’ output power level, output
frequency, and the general behavior of the transmitter. Please do not make changes
within the transmitter's set-up screens unless you are familiar with the operation of the
transmitter. This screen is implemented in transmitter software version 1.4 and above.

Pressing ENT will put you into the Transmitter Set Up Screens for Table 3-13.

A safeguard is added to the Set Up Menus in software version 2.5 and above. If a change
is made to a screen within the Set Up Menus, when you go to the next menu, a new
screen asks if you accept the change or want to return to the previous menu to
reconsider the changes made.

To accept the changes, the two buttons located under ACCEPT must be pushed
simultaneously.

To return to the previous Menu to make corrections, the two buttons located under the
RETURN must be pushed simultaneously.

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Upon returning to the previous Menu, the correct input must be entered and the above
procedure repeated, this time accepting the changes

Accept or Return to previous Menu Screen

Pushing these two buttons Pushing these two buttons
Simultaneously will accept Simultaneously will return you
the change. to the previous Menu.

Typical Set Up Screens are shown in Table 3-14 through Table 3-24 that follow.

Table 3-14: Transmitter Set-up: Power Control Screen

This screen of the transmitter is the first of several that allows access to transmitter set­up parameters. When + is selected, the Power will increase. When - is selected, the
Power will decrease.

Table 3-15: Transmitter Set-up: Model Select Screen

This screen is used to specify which components are expected to be part of the system.
By specifying the model number, the transmitter control firmware knows which
components should be installed and it will be able to display faults for components that
are not properly responding to system commands.

Table 3-16: Transmitter Set-up: Upconverter Channel Select Screen

The choices of this screen are to the standard UHF / VHF channels. The + and – buttons
change the desired channel of the transmitter. The PLL frequency is set for custom
Offsets within the upconverter frequency. Any change to the channel is immediately set
to the Upconverter Frequency Synthesizer PLL circuit.

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Table 3-17: Transmitter Set-up: Serial Address Screen

This screen allows the user to set the serial address of the transmitter. The default
address is 5. This value and all other set-up parameters are stored in non-volatile
memory.

Table 3-18: Transmitter Set-up: System Forward Power Calibration

This screen is used to adjust the calibration of the system's forward power. A symbol
placed under the '6' character is used to show major changes in the calibration value.
When the calibration value is at full value, the character will be full black. As the value
decreases, the character pixels are gradually turned off. The calibration value is a value
between 0 and 255 but the calibration value symbol only has 40 pixels. Therefore small
changes in actual calibration value may not affect the symbol's appearance.

Table 3-19: Transmitter Set-up: System Reflected Power Calibration

This screen is used to adjust the calibration of the system's reflected power. Again a
calibration value symbol is used for this screen as on the previous screens.

Table 3-20: Transmitter Set-up: Minimum Forward Power Fault Threshold Screen

This screen is used to set the minimum forward power fault threshold. When the
transmitter is operating, it must operate above this value otherwise the system will shut
down with fault for 5 minutes. If after five minutes the fault is not fixed, the transmitter
will enable, measure the power and if less than this value it will again shut down for five
minutes.

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Table 3-21: Transmitter Set-up: Maximum Reflected Power Fault Threshold

This screen is used to set the maximum reflected power fault threshold. When the
transmitter is operating, it must not operate above this value otherwise the system will
slowly begin to reduce the forward output power. If the systems reflected output power
exceeds the maximum reflected power threshold by five percent or more, the transmitter
will shut down with fault for 5 minutes. If after five minutes the fault is not fixed, the
transmitter will enable, measure power and if above this value plus five percent it will
again shut down for five minutes. If the system's reflected output power exceeds the
maximum reflected power threshold due to some condition like the formation of ice on an
antenna, the transmitter reduces visual forward power to a level where the reflected
power is less than this threshold. The transmitter will automatically increase its output
power to normal operation when the cause of higher than normal reflected power is
corrected.

Table 3-22: Transmitter Set-up: Inner Loop Gain Control

This screen is used to set up the Inner Loop Gain of the driver/amplifier assembly. This
feature is implemented in transmitter software version 2.0 and above

Table 3-23: Transmitter Set-up: Amplifier Module Control

This screen is used to monitor the external amplifier modules in the amplifier cabinets.

Table 3-24: Transmitter Set-up: Remote Commands Control

This screen is used to allow or deny the use of remote control commands. When
disabled, the remote commands are not used. Remote commands are commands
received either through the rear terminal blocks or through serial messages.

Push the ESC button to exit the Transmitter Set Up Screens to Table 3-8, the Transmitter
Configuration Access Screen.

This completes the description of the menu screens for the HXB Series driver/amplifier
chassis assembly.

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3.6.3: Front Panel Touch Screens for
the UHF Transmitter

The touch screen at the top of the
Control/Exciter Cabinet gives the operator
access the same information and control
of the transmitter as just described in the
proceeding section by the screens on the
Controller/Power Supply module in the
Driver/Amplifier Chassis Assembly.
Examples of the typical screens are

shown on the following pages. Your
screens may differ form these examples.

By using the curser and the mouse or by
touching the screen, first, the selected
control or the amplifier cabinet screen will
be highlighted. Then, by selecting a tray
or module, that tray or module will
highlight and the operating parameters
for that tray or module will be displayed.

Figure 3-9: About Option Splash – License Screen

In the above screen is the initial splash screen that appears for 5 seconds on initial turn
on of the system. It can also be accessed at any time through the About button located
at the top of the screen.

This screen indicates the version of the Software 1.17.2 and also shows the version
changes and what the changes were to that version. The Install Code and License Key
are needed to give the customer access to the GUI software system.

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Figure 3-10: Control/Exciter Cabinet System Controller Screen

Shown above is the control screen for the Control/Exciter Cabinet of the HXB Series
Transmitter. The cabinet is selected in the upper left quadrant. In the above display
the Exciter/Control cabinet is selected, it is highlighted. The lower left quadrant
displays the selected module and displays the parameters for that module. In the above
display the System Control Module is selected, it is highlighted, and the operating
parameters for the System Control Module are displayed on the right. The upper right
quadrant contains the Transmitter System Control, which, by touching the Operate or
Standby button, places the transmitter in that mode. The Transmitter System
parameters, % Forward Power and % Reflected Power are also displayed in the upper
right quadrant.

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Figure 3-11: Amplifier Cabinet and Transmitter Configuration Screen

Shown in the above figure is the control screen for the Amplifier Cabinet of the HXB Series
Transmitter. The cabinet is selected in the upper left quadrant. In the above display,
the Amplifier Cabinet is selected. The lower left quadrant displays the selected module
and displays the parameters for that module. In the above display, the Cabinet Controller
#1 is selected and the operating parameters for the cabinet is displayed on the right. The
upper right quadrant contains the Transmitter System Controls, which places the
transmitter in Operate or Standby. The Transmitter System parameters are also
displayed in the upper right quadrant.

The above screen is also the Transmitter Configuration Screen in the Lower Right
Quadrant that displays the Transmitter Model number, which will be highlighted, in this
case HU0010KAD. This screen shows a local host server IP address of 155.226.168.201.
If the Remote Data Client is selected, by removing the check in the Local Host Server
box, the application attempts to connect to an On-Site Data Server at the indicated IP
address. When a remote client is serviced, the server application indicates the client's
address at the specific port that is being used.

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Figure 3-12: Amplifier Cabinet Screen w/System Error List

The above screen is the Amplifier Cabinet control screen. The desired amplifier cabinet is
selected in the upper left quadrant, it will highlight. In the above display, Amplifier
Cabinet #1 is selected. The lower left quadrant displays the selected module and
displays the parameters for that module. In the above display, Amplifier Module #1 is
selected and the operating parameters for that module is displayed on the right. The
upper right quadrant contains the Transmitter System Control, which places the
transmitter in Operate or Standby. The Transmitter System parameters are also
displayed in upper right quadrant. The Lower Right Quadrant displays the Transmitter
System Error List. If an error occurs, it will be listed in this area.

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Figure 3-13: Control Cabinet Screen w/System Error List

In the above screen, the four quadrants are as described in the previous figures. On this
screen, in the Lower Right Quadrant, is displayed the Transmitter System Error List.
Listed are three separate errors with the dates and times the errors occurred. Also
displayed is the status of the error either Active, still occurring, or Cleared, an error
occurred but has reset itself. The cleared fault, Modulator PLL Not Locked, indicates that
the modulator PLL in not locked.

The Active Fault, IF Processor Not Installed, which indicates the IF Processor is not
installed in this transmitter. With an active fault, a visual Red indication of the fault will
be displayed in the Upper Left and Lower left Quadrants. In the above screen, upper left
quadrant, the control cabinet is selected and the Driver is Red, indicating a fault within
the Driver Assembly. The lower left quadrant indicates the Cabinet Summary Status. In
this case, the Driver #1 is Red, indicating a fault in Driver #1.

By highlighting the fault in the Transmitter System Error List, that fault can be deleted
by touching the Delete Selected button, if that fault is cleared. All of the cleared faults
displayed may be deleted by touching the Delete All button.

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Figure 3-14: Serial Port Configuration Screen

The above screen is the Serial Port Configuration Screen. This screen shows a local host
at the TCP/IP Address 155.226.168.201 and no remote clients connected at ports 6111
thru 6114. This screen displays, in the upper left quadrant, the cabinets and which
cabinet is selected, in this case the Control Cabinet. In the lower left quadrant, the
selected cabinet parameters are displayed on the left between the module
representations. Also in the lower left quadrant, on the right is displayed the parameters
of the module selected, which is highlighted on the left, in this case the System Controller.
The upper right quadrant contains the Transmitter System Control, which places the
transmitter in Operate or Standby. The Transmitter System parameters are also
displayed in upper right quadrant. The lower right quadrant is used to configure and
monitor the site serial port status. The settings shown above are typical of a system.
An operator can visually determine if data messages are being sent and if the device is
responding. If a specific port has debugging enabled, the box is selected. When the
GUI application is operating at the transmitter site, the Local Host Server Box must be
selected. As an on-site data server, the serial ports are automatically enabled, and the
system provides data for up to four remote applications. If the Local Host Server Box is
not selected, the application attempts to connect to an On-Site Data Server at the
indicated IP address. When a remote client is serviced, the server application indicates
the client's address at the specific port that is being used.

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3.6.4: Operation Procedure

If necessary, connect to the transmitter
to the antenna. Check that the RF
output is 100% and if needed adjust
the ALC Gain of the Axciter to attain
100% RF Output. The power
raise/lower settings, in the menus, are
only to be used for temporary
reductions or increases in power.

The power set-back values do not
directly correspond to the output power
of the transmitter.

This completes the Installation, Set Up
and Turn On of the Transmitter.

If a problem occurred during the setup
and operation procedures, refer to
Chapter 5, Detailed Alignment
Procedures, of this manual for more
information.

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions,

UHF Transmitter Control/Exciter Cabinet Assembly

Chapter 4:

Circuit Descriptions

4.1: (R1) Control/Exciter Cabinet
Assembly (1310269; Appendix C)

The Exciter/Driver System Control
Cabinet contains a computer with a
touch screen, keyboard and mouse and
a UPS power supply. There are also an
HXB Series Driver/Amplifier Assembly
and an Axciter Modulator system

NOTE: Information on the Axciter
Modulator Tray, the Upconverter and
Downconverter modules can be found in
the separate Axciter Instruction Manual
provided.

4.1.1: (A4) Dual Peak Detector
Board (1159965; Appendix C)

The function of the dual peak detector
board is to detect forward and reflected
output power samples and generate
output voltages that are proportional to
the power levels of the sampled signals
for use by the control monitoring
assembly in the exciter.

There are two identical signal paths on
the board: one for forward power and
one for reflected power. A sample of
forward output power, from the external
DTV mask filter, enters the board at the
SMA jack J1. Resistors R1 and R2 form
an input impedance-matching network of
50Ω. The forward power signal is
detected by CR1, R7, R25, C1, and C7.
For digital operation the jumpers, W1 on
J6 and W3 on J8, are both between pins
1 & 2. The detected output is buffered
by the operational amplifier U1C before it
is split. One part is connected to the
forward uncalibrated power output jack
J4. The other split output is connected to
forward power adjust pot R9, which
adjusts the gain of U1D. The output of
U1D is split with one part connected to
J3-4 Forward Power Metering Output #1.
The other output of U1D is connected to
J3-6 Forward Power Metering Output #2.

A sample of reflected output power, from
the external DTV mask filter, enters the
board at the SMA jack J2. Resistors R3
and R4 form an input impedance­matching network of 50Ω. The reflected
power signal is detected by CR2, R26,
R8, C3, and C8. For digital operation the
jumper W2 on J7 is between pins 1 & 2.
The detected output is buffered by the
operational amplifier U1B before it is
split. One part is connected to the
reflected uncalibrated power output jack
J5. The other split output is connected to
reflected power adjust pot R10, which
adjusts the gain of U1A. The output of
U1A is split with one part connected to
J3-9 Reflected Power Metering Output
#3. The other output of U1A is
connected to J3-11 Reflected Power
Metering Output #4.

The +12 VDC needed for the operation of
U1 on the board enters the board at J3-2
and is connected through a filter and
isolation circuit consisting of C5, C9 and
L3 before it is connected to U1. The -12
VDC needed for the operation of U1 on
the board enters the board at J3-8 and is
connected through a filter and isolation
circuit consisting of C6, C12 and L6
before it is connected to U1.

4.1.2: (A46) Serial Loop-Thru Board
(1307811; Appendix C)

The function of the serial loop-thru board
is to provide an extra serial loop thru that
can connect to the driver/amplifier
assembly or the Axciter modulator.

4.2: (A3) Driver/Amplifier Chassis
Assembly (1305801, 110 VAC or
1305555, 220 VAC; Appendix D)

This assembly is mounted in Rack 1 the
Control/Exciter Cabinet. The assembly
contains, as mounted in the assembly

Volume 1, Rev. 0 4-1

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions,

UHF Transmitter Control/Exciter Cabinet Assembly

from left to right, (A1) the
Downconverter Module, (A5) the
Upconverter Module, (A4) the System
Controller/Power Supply Module, and
(A6) the Power Amplifier/Driver Module.

NOTE: More information on the Axciter
Upconverter module and Downconverter
module can be found in the separate
Axciter Instruction Manual provided.

4.2.1: (A1) Downconverter Module
Assembly (1306852; Appendix D)

The Downconverter Module contains the
Downconverter Board, Axciter
(1306807).

4.2.1.1: Downconverter Board,
Axciter (1306807; Appendix D)

A sample of the transmitter’s RF output,
pre-filter or post-filter for the external
relay, is applied to the downconverter
board, at a nominal input level of –6
dBm, through J12 on the rear panel of
the driver/amplifier chassis assembly.
The signal is attenuated by a 10 dB pad,
and then converted to an IF of 1044
MHz by mixer U1. A sample of the
upconversion LO from the L-Band PLL
Board mounted in the upconverter
module assembly is sent through the
exciter’s backplane board. On the
downconverter board, the LO is
amplified and then filtered to remove
any spurious energy before being
applied to U1.

A filter selects the appropriate
conversion product, with the resulting
signal being applied to the mixer U9,
which converts the signal to a second IF
of 44 MHz. A 1 GHz LO frequency that
is generated externally and either sent
through the exciter’s backplane board to
the downconverter module or connected
from the 1st conversion board in the
stand alone tray. The 1 GHz LO is
applied to a high pass and low pass filter
designed to eliminate any other
interfering signals that might be coupled
into the 1 GHz LO. This 44 MHz second
IF signal is then applied to a low pass

filter to remove any out of band energy,
amplified and connected to a frequency
response correction circuit intended to
compensate for any linear distortions in
the downconversion path. Adjustments
R50-R52 and C78-C80 are used to
control the frequency response of the
downconverter. The resulting signal is
sent to a pin diode attenuator, which
allows the operator to adjust the gain of
the downconversion path. The signal is
then amplified again to a level of 0 dBm
average and applied to a cascaded high
pass low pass filter, which removes any
out of band energy that would be aliased
in the demodulation process.

4.2.2: (A5) Upconverter Module
Assembly (1306850; Appendix D)

The Upconverter Module Assembly
contains (A2) a Final Conversion Board,
Axciter (1307263), (A3) a First
Conversion Board (1306759), (A4) a L­Band PLL Board, Axciter (1307206) and
(A1) an AGC Control Board, Axciter
(1307366).

4.2.2.1: Final Conversion Board,
Axciter (1307263; Appendix D)

This board converts a signal at an input
frequency of 1044 MHz to a broadcast
VHF or UHF TV channel.

The IF at 1044MHz is applied to the
board at J7, and is converted down to
VHF or UHF by the mixer IC U6. The LO
frequency is applied to the board at a
level of +20 dBm at J8. The output of
the mixer is applied to a 6 dB attenuator
and then to a 900 MHz Low Pass filter.
The filter is intended to remove any
unwanted conversion products. The
signal is next connected to the amplifier
U2, and then a pin diode attenuator
consisting of DS4, DS5 and their
associated components. The attenuator
sets the output level of the board and is
controlled by an external AGC circuit.

The output of the pin attenuator is
applied to another amplifier U3 and
another low pass filter, before reaching

Volume 1, Rev. 0 4-2

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions,

UHF Transmitter Control/Exciter Cabinet Assembly

the final amplifier U1. The output of the
board is at J5 with a sample of the
output available at J6, which is 20 dB in
level below the signal at J5. A sample of
the output is also applied to an average
power detector for remote metering.

4.2.2.2: L-Band PLL Board, Axciter
(1307206; Appendix D)

This board generates an LO at a
frequency of 1.1-1.9 GHz. The board
contains a PLL IC U6, which controls the
output frequency of a VCO. The PLL IC
divides the output of the VCO down to

1.0 MHz, and compares it to a 1.0 MHz
reference created by dividing down an
external 10 MHz reference that is applied
to the board at J1 pin 4. The IC
generates an error current that is applied
to U3 and its associated components to
generate a bias voltage for the VCO's
AFC input.

There are two VCOs on the board, U4,
which operates at 1.1-1.3 GHz for VHF
channels, and U5, which operates at

1.5-1.9 GHz for UHF channels. The VCO
in use is selected by a signal applied to
J1 pin 20. This input enables the power
supply either U1 or U2 for the
appropriate VCO for the desired channel.
U7 is a power supply IC that generates
+5V for the PLL IC U6.

The output of each VCO is filtered by a
low pass filter to remove any harmonic
content and applied to a pin diode
switch consisting of CR1, CR2, and their
associated components. The selected
signal is amplified by U9 and U10, then
applied to a high pass filter and finally
amplified to a level of approximately
+21 dBm by U11. The output is
connected to a low pass filter to remove
any unwanted harmonic content and
leaves the board at J3 at a level of +20
dBm.

4.2.2.3: First Conversion Board,
Axciter (1306759; Appendix D)

This board takes an external 1 GHz LO
and filters and adjusts its level to +10

dBm into each of the two mixers used in
the image rejection mixer.

The LO is applied to a low pass filter
before being connected to an image
rejection mixer consisting of U1, U2, U3
and U7. The 44 MHz IF input is
connected to the board at J5 is applied
to a frequency response network
consisting of R87-R89, L20-22, C60-62
and associated components. It then is
applied to the image rejection mixer.
This mixer converts the 44 MHz input to
an output frequency of 1044 MHz. The
output of the mixer is amplified by U4
and applied to ceramic band pass filter
U5. This filter rejects any LO leakage at
1 GHz and also any unwanted out of
band products. The output of the filter
is amplified by U6 and then filtered
before exiting the board at J1.

4.2.2.4: AGC Control Board, Axciter
(1307366; Appendix D)

This board performs a variety of
functions, which include an interface
between the other boards in the
upconverter and the rest of the
transmitter. It also has a
microcontroller U8, which controls and
monitors the functions of the other
boards in the assembly.

The microcontroller communicates via
an RS-485 interface with the
transmitter's system control module. It
reports any faults and metering
information and receives channel
information, which it passes along to the
PLL circuits on the L-Band PLL Board and
the First Conversion Board.

The board also generates various
voltages used by the rest of the boards
in the upconverter. U9 converts the
+12V input to the board to +20V. U15
converts the +12V to +5V for use by the
on board 10 MHz crystal oscillator. U12
converts the +12V to +9V for use by the
L-Band PLL board and the First
Conversion board. U13 and U14
generate +5V use by the
microcontroller.

Volume 1, Rev. 0 4-3

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions,

UHF Transmitter Control/Exciter Cabinet Assembly

The board also selects whether the
internal or external 10 MHz reference
source will be used. There is an
onboard 10 MHz oscillator, U3, which is
used when no external 10 MHz source is
present. The Relay K1 is automatically
switched to the external 10 MHz
reference whenever it is present. The
LED DS1 illuminates whenever the
internal 10 MHz reference is used. The
diode detector CR1 detects the presence
of the 10 MHz external reference that
connects to U2, which compares the
detected level to a reference level and
switches the relay whenever the
reference is present. It also disables the
internal oscillator whenever the external
10 MHz reference is being used. The
output of the relay is split to drive
multiple outputs, some internal and
some external. The external outputs
leave the board at J1-22C and J1-31B
and are used by the external receiver
and modulator modules.

The board also contains AGC circuitry,
which controls a pin diode attenuator on
the Downconverter Board. There are
three references used by the AGC
circuit.

The first is the AGC reference #1, which
comes from the transmitter's driver
module. The second is the AGC
reference #2, which is a diode-ORed
sample of the output stages of the
transmitter. The IC U5 normalizes the
level of the AGC reference # 1 and sets
it at a level that is 0.2V less than the
level of AGC reference #2. The AGC
reference #1 and #2 are diode-ORed
with only the highest reference used by
the AGC circuit.

The highest reference is compared to
the ALC reference, which originated on
the IF processor module, and the error
voltage generated by U4D and applied
to the external pin attenuator. The AGC
will try to maintain a constant ratio
between the ALC voltages and the
higher of the two AGC voltages. If
something in the output amplifier of the
transmitter fails, the AGC reference #1
voltage will take over and the power will
be regulated at the output of the driver.

Located on the board is the DIP switch
SW1. See the picture above. The
function of each position is stated in the
following text. We have added the use
of position 5 to allow or disable the
changing RF output power while the
Upconverter is in Auto AGC Mode.

Upconverter DIP

Switch SW1

Function

Master/Slave, ON turns the control board into a RS-485 master.

Position 1

This is used when there is ONLY a tray based upconverter and
Axciter in the system.
Mute Orientation - Reverses the polarity of the MUTE input from the

Position 2

remote connector on the rear panel of the Upconverter. In the OFF
position, the Upconverter requires a pull down to come out of mute.

Position 3 IF Frequency: 0FF = 36 MHz: ON = 44 MHz

Position 4 Not Used

Disable Auto AGC Power Changes. OFF allows for power

Position 5

adjustments to be made while the Upconverter is in Auto AGC
mode. ON does not allow power adjustment when the Upconverter
is in Auto AGC mode.

Position 6

AGC 1 and 2 Gain Modify Enable. ON allows the user to modify
AGC1 gain and AGC 2 gain through the Axciter

Position 7 Upconverter Lockout- ON locks out all commands from the Axciter
Position 8

Frequency Modify Enable. ON allows the user to modify the
Frequency through the Axciter. (Channel Frequency)

NOTE: These switch positions are factory set and should not be changed.

Volume 1, Rev. 0 4-4

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions,

UHF Transmitter Control/Exciter Cabinet Assemblies

The upconverter provides the frequency
translation necessary to convert the IF
output signal of the Axciter to the
assigned channel frequency. The
upconverter is 100% synthesized using
PLL techniques so no crystal changes are
required to operate on any standard U.S.
TV channel.

A 10 MHz signal is required as a
reference for the two PLL systems on the
IF and RF board. The IF board contains a
10 MHz oven controlled crystal oscillator
(OCXO) for this purpose. If synchronous
or precise frequency control is required,
an external 10 MHz reference can be
applied through an external connector
that is connected to the IF board.

4.2.3: (A4) Control Monitoring/Power
Supply Module (1310690, 110 VAC,
1303229, 220 VAC; Appendix D)

The Control Monitoring/Power Supply
Module Assembly contains (A1) a Power
Protection Board (1302837), (A2) a
Switching Power Supply Assembly, (A3)
a Control Board (1302021), (A4) a
Switch Board (1527-1406) and (A5) a
LCD Display.

AC Input to Innovator HXB
Driver/Amplifier Chassis Assembly

The AC input to the Driver/Amplifier
Chassis Assembly is connected from J1,
part of a fused entry module, located on
the rear of the chassis assembly to J50
on the Control Monitoring/Power Supply
Module. There are two possible modules
that can be part of your system, 1301936
for 110 VAC or 1303229 for 220 VAC
operation. J50-10 is line #1 input, J50-8
is earth ground and J50-9 is line #2
input. The input AC connects to J1 on
the Power Protection Board where it is
fuse protected and connected back to
J50, at J50-11 AC Line #1 and J50-12 AC
Line #2, for distribution to the cooling
Fan.

4.2.3.1: (A1) Power Protection Board
(1302837; Appendix D)

The input AC connects through J1 to two
10 Amp AC fuses F1 and F2. The AC line
#1 input connects from J1-1 to the F1
fuse. The AC line #1 input after the F1
fuse is split with one line connected back
to Jack J1 Pin 4, which becomes the AC
Line #1 to the Fan. The other line of the
split connects to J4. The AC line #2 input
connects from J1-3 to the F2 fuse. The
AC line #2 input after the F2 fuse is split
with one line connected back to Jack J1 at
Pin 5, which becomes the AC Line #2 to
the Fan. The other line of the split
connects to J2. J1-2 is the earth ground
input for the AC and connects to J3.

Three 150 VAC, for 115 VAC input, or three
275 VAC, for 230 VAC input, MOVs are
connected to the input AC for protection.
One connects from each AC line to ground
and one connects across the two lines.
VR1 connects from J4 to J2, VR2 connects
from J4 to J3 and VR3 connects from J2 to
J3.

4.2.3.1.1: +12 VDC Circuits

+12 VDC from the Switching Power
Supply Assembly connects to J6 on the
board. The +12 VDC is divided into four
separate circuits each with a 3 amp self
resetting fuse, PS3, PS4, PS5 and PS6.

The polyswitch resettable fuses may open
on a current as low as 2.43 Amps at
50˚C, 3 Amps at 25˚C or 3.3 Amps at
0˚C. They definitely will open when the
current is 4.86 Amps at 50˚C, 6 Amps at
25˚C or 6.6 Amps at 0˚C.

PS3 protects the +12 VDC 2 Amp circuits
for the System Controller, the Amplifier
Controller and the Spare Slot through J62
pins 7, 8, 9 and 10. If this circuit is
operational, the Green LED DS3, mounted
on the board, will be lit.

PS4 protects the +12 VDC 2 Amp circuits
for the Modulator and the IF Processor
through J62 pins 13, 14, 15 and 16. If

Volume 1, Rev. 0 4-5

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions,

UHF Transmitter Control/Exciter Cabinet Assemblies

this circuit is operational, the Green LED
DS4, mounted on the board, will be lit.
PS5 protects the +12 VDC 2 Amp
circuits for the Upconverter through J62
pins 17, 18, 19 and 20. If this circuit is
operational, the Green LED DS5,
mounted on the board, will be lit. PS6
protects the +12 VDC 2 Amp circuits for
the Remote through J63 pins 17, 18, 19
and 20. If this circuit is operational, the
Green LED DS6, mounted on the board,
will be lit.

4.2.3.1.2: -12 VDC Circuits

-12 VDC from the Switching Power
Supply Assembly connects to J5 on the
board. The -12 VDC is divided into two
separate circuits each with a 3 amp self
resetting fuse, PS1 and PS2.

PS1 protects the -12 VDC 2 Amp circuits
for the System through J63 pins 1, 2, 3
and 4. If this circuit is operational, the
Green LED DS1, mounted on the board,
will be lit. PS2 protects the -12 VDC 2
Amp circuits for the Remote through J62
pins 1, 2, 3 and 4. If this circuit is
operational, the Green LED DS2,
mounted on the board, will be lit.

The connections from J62 and J63 of the
Power Protection Board are wired to J62
and J63 on the Control Board.

4.2.3.2: (A3) Control Board
(1302021; Appendix D)

The control monitoring functions and
front panel operator interfaces are found
on the Control Board. Front panel
operator interfaces are brought to the
control board using a 26 position
conductor ribbon cable that plugs into
J60. The control board controls and
monitors the Power Supply and Power
Amplifier module through a 16 position
connector J61 and two 20 position
connectors J62 & J63.

4.2.3.2.1: Schematic 1302023 Page 1

U1 is an 8 bit RISC microcontroller that is
in circuit programmed or programmed
using the serial programming port J4 on
the board. When the microcontroller, U1,
is held in reset, low on pin 20, by either
the programming port or the external
watchdog IC (U2), a FET Q1 inverts the
reset signal to a high that connects to the
control lines of U5, an analog switch. The
closed contacts of U5 connect the serial
programming lines from J4 to U1. LED
DS10 will be lit when programming port J4
is used.

U2 is a watchdog IC used to hold the
microcontroller in reset, if the supply
voltage is less the 4.21 VDC; (1.25 VDC <
Pin 4 (IN) < Pin 2 (Vcc). The watchdog
momentarily resets the microcontroller, if
Pin 6 (ST) is not clocked every second. A
manual reset switch S1 is provided but
should not be needed.

Diodes DS1 through DS8 are used for
display of auto test results. A test board
is used to execute self test routines.
When the test board is installed,
Auto_Test_1 is held low and Auto_Test_2
is allowed to float at 5 VDC. This is the
signal to start the auto test routines.

U3 and U4 are used to selectively enable
various input and output ICs found on
pages 2 & 3 of the schematic.

U1 has two serial ports available. In this
application, one port is used to
communicate with transmitter system
components where U1 is the master of a
RS-485 serial bus. The other serial port is
used to provide serial data I/O where U1
is not the master of the data port. A dual
RS-232 port driver IC and a RS-485 Port
driver are also in the second serial data
I/O system. The serial ports are wired
such that serial data input can come
through one of the three serial port
channels. Data output is sent out through
each of the three serial port channels.

Volume 1, Rev. 0 4-6

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions,

UHF Transmitter Control/Exciter Cabinet Assemblies

Switch SW1, transmitter operation
select, is used to select either
transmitter operation or exciter/driver
operation. When the contacts of SW1
are closed, transmitter operation is
selected and the power monitoring lines
of the transmitter’s power amplifier are
routed to the system power monitoring
lines.

4.2.3.2.2: Schematic Page 2

U9 is a non-inverting transceiver IC that
provides 2 way asynchronous
communication between data busses.
The IC is used as an input buffer to
allow the microcontroller to monitor
various digital input values.

Digital output latch circuits are used to
control system devices. Remote output
circuits are implemented using open
drain FETs, Q13, Q14, Q16, and Q17,
with greater than 60 Volt drain to source
voltage ratings.

Remote digital inputs are diode
protected, using CR6, CR7, CR8 and CR9
with a 1 kΩ pull-up resistor, to +5 VDC.
If the remote input voltage is greater
than about 2 Volts or floating, the FET is

turned on and a logic low is applied to the
digital input buffer, U9. If the remote
input voltage is less than the turn on
threshold of the FET (about 2 VDC), a
logic high is applied to the digital input
buffer, U9.

Four of the circuits on page two of the
schematic, which include Q2, Q9, Q19 and
Q21, are auxiliary I/O connections wired
for future use. They are wired similar to
the remote digital inputs but include a
FET, Q5, Q12, Q20 and Q22, for digital
output operations. To operate these
signals as inputs, the associated output
FET must be turned off. The FETs are
controlled by U10 and U12, analog input
multiplexer ICs.

4.2.3.2.3: Schematic Page 3

U13, U14, U15, U16, U17 and U18 are 3
state non-inverting transceiver ICs that
provide 2 way asynchronous
communication between data busses. The
ICs are used as input buffers to allow the
microcontroller to monitor various digital
input values. The digital inputs to the ICs
utilize a 10 kΩ pull-up resistor. The buffer
IC, U18, used for data transfer to the
display is wired for read and write control.

Table 4-1: Innovator HXB DIP Switch Settings for SW1 & SW2 located on the Control
Board (1302021) in the Power Supply/Controller Assembly

Position Function When Switch is Off When Switch is On

SW1-1 RF Sample Source

SW1-2 RF Sample Source

SW1-3 RF Sample Source

SW1-4 RF Sample Source

SW2-1 Optional Modulator No Modulator in digital system

SW2-2
SW2-3 IF Processor Sled Use Module to be present Module not to be present

SW2-4 Modulator Sled Use Module to be present Module not to be present
SW2-5 Upconverter Sled Use Module to be present Module not to be present
SW2-6 Reserved for Future
SW2-7 Reserved for Future
SW2-8 Reserved for Future

Aural Upconverter Sled
Use

Special: Driver PA for System
Power Detection
Special: Driver PA for System
Power Detection
Special: Driver PA for System
Power Detection
Special: Driver PA for System
Power Detection

Module to be present Module not to be present

Normal: Remote Power Detection
in use
Normal: Remote Power Detection
in use
Normal: Remote Power Detection
in use
Normal: Remote Power Detection
in use

Optional Modulator present
(Translator Configuration)

NOTE: These switch positions are factory set for your system and should not be
changed.

Volume 1, Rev. 0 4-7

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions,

UHF Transmitter Control/Exciter Cabinet Assemblies

4.2.3.2.4: Schematic Page 4

U19 and U20 are digitally controlled
analog switches that provide samples
back to the microprocessor. Each
analog input is expected to be between
0 and 5 VDC. If a signal exceeds 5.1
VDC, a 5.1 Volt Zener diode clamps the
signals voltage, to prevent damage to
the IC. Most signals are calibrated at
their source, however two dual serial
potentiometers ICs are used to calibrate
four signals, System Average Power,
System Aural Power (Not Used), System
Reflected Power and the Spare AIN 1.
For these four circuits, the input value is
divided in half before it is applied to an
op-amp. The serial potentiometer is
used to adjust the output signal level to
between 80 and 120% of the input
signal level. Serial data, serial clock and
serial pot enables are supplied by the
microprocessor to the dual serial
potentiometer ICs. J62 and J63 are two
20 position connectors that provide the
+12 VDC and –12 VDC power through
the Power Protection Board. The ±12
VDC generated by the switching power
supply connects to J62 and J63 after
being fuse protected on the Power
Protection Board.

4.2.3.2.5: Schematic Page 5

There are three dual element,
red/green, common cathode LED
indicators mounted on the front panel of
the sled assembly; DC OK, Operate and
Fault.

There are three, the fourth is a spare,
identical circuits that drive the front
panel mounted LED indicators. The
levels on the 1, 2, 3 and 4 LED Control
Lines, for both the red and green LEDs,
are generated by the IC U11 as
controlled by the DATABUS from the
microprocessor U1.

Each LED controller circuit consists of an
N-Channel MOSFET w/internal diode that
controls the base of an N-P-N transistor
in an emitter follower configuration. The

emitter of the transistor connects the LED.

With the LED control line LOW, the
MOSFET is Off, which causes the base of
the transistor to increase towards +12
VDC, forward biasing the transistor. With
the transistor forward biased, current will
flow from ground through the LED, the
transistor and the current limiting
resistors in the collector to the +12 VDC
source. The effected LED will light.

With the LED control line HIGH, the
MOSFET is On, which causes the base of
the transistor go toward ground potential
that reverse biases the transistor. With
the transistor reverse biased, no current
through the transistor and LED, therefore
the effected LED will not light.

A third color, amber, can also be
generated by having both transistors
conducting, both control lines LOW. The
amber color is produced because the
current applied to the green element is
slightly greater than the red element.
This occurs because the current limiting
resistors have a smaller ohmage value in
the green circuit.

There are four voltage regulators, three
for +5 VDC and one for +7 VDC, which
are used to power the Control Board. +12
VDC is applied to U25 the +7 VDC
regulator that produces the +7 VDC,
which is applied to the LEDs mounted on
the board. The +7V is also connected to
the input of U26 a precision +5.0 Volt
regulator. The +5.0 VDC regulator output
is used to power the analog circuits and as
the microcontroller analog reference
voltage. Another two +5 Volt regulator
circuits U27, +5V, and U8, +5 Vserial, are
used for most other board circuits.

4.2.3.3: (A4) Switch Board
(1527-1406; Appendix D)

The switch board provides five front-panel
momentary contact switches for user
control and interface with the front-panel
LCD menu selections. The switches, SW1
to SW5, complete the circuit through

Volume 1, Rev. 0 4-8

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions,

UHF Transmitter Control/Exciter Cabinet Assemblies

connector J1 to connector J2 that
connects to J1 on (A5) the 20 Character
by 4 line LCD Display. J1 on the switch
board is also cabled to the Control
Board. When a switch is closed, it
connects a logic low to the control board
that supplies the information from the
selected source to the display. By
pushing the button again, a different
source is selected. This occurs for each
push button. Refer to Chapter 3 Section

3.5.3, for more information on the
Display Menu Screens.

4.2.3.4: (A2) Switching Power Supply
Assembly

The power supply module contains a
switching power supply, an eight
position terminal block for distributing
the DC voltages, a three position
terminal block to which the AC Input
connects. Jack J1 connects to the
Control Board and supplies DC OK, at
J1-4 & 3, and AC OK, at J1-2 & 1, status
to the control board. A Power Supply
enable connects from the control board
to the power supply at V1-6 & 7. The
power supply is configured for three
output voltages +12V, -12V, at the 8
position terminal block, and a main
output power of +32 VDC at J50 pin A
(+) and J50 pin B (Rtn). The power
supply is power factor corrected to .98
for optimum efficiency and a decrease in
energy consumption. For safety
purposes all outputs are over voltage
and over current protected. This supply
accepts input voltages from 85 to 264
volts AC, but the power entry module,
for the exciter/amplifier chassis, must
be switched to the proper input voltage
setting, for the transmitter to operate.

4.2.4: (A4) Driver Power Amplifier
Assembly (1306019; Appendix D)

The Power Amplifier Module Assembly
contains (A5) an Amplifier Control Board
(1304774), (A1) a 1 Watt UHF Amplifier
Assembly (1302891), (A3) a RF Module

Pallet, 250W (1300116), and a Coupler
Board (1227-1316).

The RF input from the external DT2B
Upconverter connects through a 10 dB pad,
to the IPA RF Input BNC Jack J24
(≈0 dBm), located on the rear panel of the
driver/amplifier chassis assembly.

4.2.4.1: (A1) 1-Watt UHF Module
Assembly (1302891; Appendix D)

The 1-watt UHF module assembly provides
radio frequency interference (RFI) and
electromagnetic interference (EMI)
protection, as well as the heatsink, for the
1-watt UHF amplifier board (1302761) that
is mounted inside the assembly. The
assembly has approximately 17 dB of gain.

The RF input to the assembly connects to
SMA Jack J3. The amplified RF output of
the assembly is at the SMA Jack J4.
Typically, with an input signal of +0 dBm
at J1 of the assembly, an output of
+17 dBm can be expected at J2.

The +12-VDC bias voltage connects
through J5, a RF-bypassed, feed-through
capacitor, to the amplifier board. The

-12-VDC bias voltage connects through J6,
a RF-bypassed, feed-through capacitor, to
the amplifier board. E1 on the assembly
connects to Chassis Ground.

4.2.4.2: (A1-A1) 1-Watt UHF Amplifier
Board (1302761; Appendix D)

The 1-watt UHF amplifier board is mounted
in the 1-watt UHF amplifier assembly
(1302891) and provides approximately
+17 dB of gain.

The UHF signal enters the board at J3, a
SMA connector, and is applied to U3 an IC
hybrid coupler assembly that splits the
input signal into two equal parts. The two
amplifier paths are identical using Q4 and
Q5, 1-Watt HFETs as the amplifier devices.
Each HFET has approximately 14 dB of
gain.

Volume 1, Rev. 0 4-9

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions,

UHF Transmitter Control/Exciter Cabinet Assemblies

The drain voltage needed to operate each
HFET is obtained from the +12 VDC line
that connects to the board at J5 and is
regulated down to +8.25 volts by U4.
The gate negative bias voltage is
obtained from the -12 VDC line that
connects to the board at J6.

The amplified outputs of the HFETs are
applied to U2 an IC hybrid coupler
assembly that combines the amplified
signals into a single output that connects
to J4 of the board.

4.2.4.3: (A3) UHF Module Assembly,
RF Module Pallet, Philips
(1300116; Appendix D)

The UHF Module Assembly, 250-watt
module is a broadband amplifier for the
frequency range 470 to 860 MHz. The
amplifier is capable of delivering an
output power of ≈70 W

rms

. The

amplification is approximately 13 dB.

The amplification circuit consists of the
parallel connected push-pull amplifier
blocks V1 and V2 operating in class AB.
In order to match the transistor
impedance to the characteristic
impedance of the input and output
sides, matching networks are placed
ahead and behind the amplifier blocks.
Transformers Z3 to Z6 serve to balance
the input and output signals. The
paralleling circuit is achieved with the
aid of 3-dB couplers Z1 and Z2.

The working point setting is factory
implemented by means of
potentiometers R9, R11, and R12 and
should not be altered.

4.2.4.4: (A4) Coupler Board
Assembly (1227-1316; Appendix D)

The UHF coupler board assembly
provides forward and reflected power
samples of the output to (A5) the
amplifier control board where it connects

The RF input to the UHF coupler assembly,
from the UHF amplifier Assembly, connects
to SMA jack J1. The RF is connected by a
stripline track to the SMA type connector
RF Output jack J2. A hybrid-coupler circuit
picks off a power sample that is connected
to SMA type connector jack J3 as the
forward power sample. Another power
sample is taken from the coupler circuit
that is connected to SMA type connector
jack J6 as the reflected power sample.
Two 50Ω terminations, used as dissipation
loads, connect to the reject and reflected
ports, J5 and J4, of the coupler.

4.2.4.5: (A5) Amplifier Control Board
(1304774; Appendix D)

The amplifier control board provides LED
fault and enable indications on the front
panel of the module and also performs the
following functions: overdrive cutback,
when the drive level reaches the amount
needed to attain 110% output power; and
overtemperature, VSWR, and overdrive
faults. The board provides connections to
the LCD Display for monitoring the %
Reflected Power, % Output Power, and the
power supply voltage.

If the Module OK LED, located on the front
panel, is Red and blinking, a fault is
present. The meaning of the blinking LED
is as follows.

Table 4-2: Module OK LED Red and
Blinking interpretation

Red
LED

Blinking

1 Blink Indicates Amplifier Current Fault
2 Blinks Indicate Temperature Fault

3 Blinks

4 Blinks
5 Blinks Indicate Reflected Power Fault
6 Blinks
7 Blinks Indicate AGC Overdrive Fault

Meaning

Indicate +32V Power Supply Over
Voltage Fault
Indicate +32V Power Supply Under
Voltage Fault

Indicate +12V or –12V Power Supply
Fault

to the input of the overdrive-protection
circuitry.

Volume 1, Rev. 0 4-10

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions,

UHF Transmitter Control/Exciter Cabinet Assemblies

4.2.4.5.1: Schematic 1304776 Page 1

U4, located upper center of page, is an in
circuit microcontroller. The controller is
operated at the frequency of 3.6864 MHz
using crystal Y1. Programming of this
device is performed through the serial
programming port J2. U4 selects the
desired analog channels of U3 through
the settings of PA0-PA2. The outputs of
Port A must be set and not changed
during an analog input read of channels
PA3-PA7. PA3 of U4 is a processor
operating LED that monitors the +7 VDC.
PA6 is the selected channel of analog
switch U1.
U2 is a serial to RS-485 driver IC. U5 is
a watchdog IC used to hold the
microprocessor in reset, if the supply
voltage is less than 4.21 VDC. U5
momentarily resets the microcontroller if
Pin 6 (ST) is not clocked every second. A
manual reset switch is provided but
should not be needed.

In the Upper left corner, U1 is used to
determine where the amplifier control
board is located. The eight inputs come
from the main amp connector and are
used to set the SCADA address of the
controller. Pull-up resistors set a default
condition of logic high.

The IC above U8 controls the four board
mounted status LEDs. A FET is turned
On to shunt current away from the LED
to turn it Off. U8 is not used in this
configuration.

4.2.4.5.2: Schematic Page 2

In the lower right corner are voltage
regulator circuits. U17 provides a
regulated +7 VDC output using the +12
VDC input. U18 and U19 are low drop
out +5 VDC, voltage regulators from +7
VDC inputs with a tolerance greater than
or equal to 1%. 100mA of current is
available from each device. U18 provides
+5V

and U19 provides +5V

analog

digital

outputs.

In the center left section of the schematic
are circuits using U12B and U13A that
monitor the +32 VDC power supply voltage
level. U12B pin 7 goes Low in the event of
high power supply voltage, approximately
+35.4 VDC or higher, producing a power
supply High fault. U13A pin 1 goes Low if
the power supply voltage drops lower than
approximately +25.4 VDC, producing a
power supply Low fault.

4.2.4.5.3: Current monitoring sections
of the board.

The ICs U14 for Amp #1, U15 for Amp #2,
and U16 for Amp #3, along with associated
components set up the current monitoring
sections of the board.

The IC U10A is controlled by U14. A high
at U10A pin 1 indicates normal, a Low
indicates high current, above 5 Amps, and
a fault alert is generated. The IC U10B is
controlled by U15. A high at U10B pin 1
indicates normal, a Low indicates high
current, above 15 Amps, and a fault alert
is generated. The IC U12A is controlled by
U16. A high at U12A pin 1 indicates
normal, a Low indicates high current,
above 15 Amps, and a fault alert is
generated.

R67, R68 and R69, near U14, U15 and
U16, are 0.01Ω/5W 1% through hole
resistors used for monitoring the current
through several sections of the amplifier
modules. The voltages developed across
these resistors are amplified for current
monitoring by U14, U15 or U16. The
LT1787HVCS8 precision high side current
sense IC amplifier accepts a maximum
voltage of 60 VDC. The 43.2 kΩ resistor
from pin 5 to ground sets the gain of the
amplifier to about 17.28. This value is not
set with much accuracy since the
manufacturer internally matches the
resistors of this part but their actual
resistance value is not closely defined. A
trimming resistor is suggested to give a
temperature stability of –200 ppm/C, but
instead the microcontroller will determine
the exact gain of the circuit and use a
correction factor for measurements.

Volume 1, Rev. 0 4-11

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions,

UHF Transmitter Control/Exciter Cabinet Assemblies

Circuit loading components are located in
the lower portion of each current
monitoring circuit. These components
allow for short duration high current
loading of the supply by measuring the
current through the sense resistor with
and without the additional four 30.1 Ω
1% resistors. For very short duration
pulses, a 1206 resistor can handle up to
60 watts. The processor requires 226
uSec per conversion. A supply voltage of
+32 VDC will pass 1.06 amps + 1%
through the load resistors.

A6 is a temperature sensor thermistor,
mounted on the heatsink of the amplifier
module, which is used to monitor the
temperature of the heat sink. It
connects to J6 pins 1 & 2 on the board
and is wired to the comparator IC U13B.
If the temperature increases above 75°C
the output will go Low that is used as a
temperature fault output, which
generates a Fault alert and disables the
Amplifier.

4.2.4.5.4: Schematic Page 3, Digital
and Reflected power detector
sections of the board.

A Digital Power Sample enters the board
at the SMA Jack J3 and is split. One part
connects to J4 on the board that is the
SMA Digital Power Sample Jack, located
on the front panel of the assembly.
NOTE: In this configuration, the Jumper
W3 on J12 is connected between pins 1 &
2, which uses the digital average sample
path. The other part of the split digital
power sample is averaged by U26 and
associated components and connected to
R201, the Average Power Calibration
Adjustment. R201 sets the level to the
IC U22B, which amplifies the digital
power sample before it is split. One
digital power sample (Average Power)
connects back to U4 on Page 1. Another
average power sample connects through
the jumper on J12 to a split point. A
sample of the digital power (Selected
Forward Power) connects back to U3 on
Page 1. The digital power sample
connects to amp U27B whose output is

level detected by CR29, CR28 and CR30
and connected back to Page 1 (Average
Power Remote) at J8-7 for remote use.

A Digital Reflected Power Sample enters
the board at the SMA Jack J5 and is
detected by CR31 and the DC level
amplified by U21B. The output of U21B at
pin 7 is connected through the
digital/visual reflected calibration pot R203
to U25A. The output is split with one part
connected to the (Reflected Pwr V)
connection on Page 1 of the schematic that
connects to U3. The other part of the split
from U25A connects to the comparator IC
U25B that has a reference level connected
to Pin 5. If the reflected level increases
above the reference level a low Fault
output is produced and connected to the
Reflected Power Shutdown V circuit on
Page 2 at CR14 & CR15, which produces a
Reflected Power Fault V that is connected
to an output of the board, the Fault Alert
circuit and also shuts down the Amplifier.

NOTE: The Aural forward and reflected
portions of this board, whose description
follows, are not used in this digital
transmitter.

An Aural Power Sample enters the board at
the SMA Jack J13 and is split. One part
connects to J14 on the board that is the
Aural Power Sample Jack, located on the
front panel of the assembly. The other
part of the split aural power sample is
detected by CR36 and the DC level
amplified by U28A. The output of U28A at
pin 1 is connected to R204, the Aural
Power Calibration Adjustment. R204 sets
the level to the IC U29A, which amplifies
the aural power sample before it is split.
One aural power sample, Aural Power
connects back to U4 on Page 1. Another
aural power sample connects to amp U29B
whose output is level detected by CR39,
CR37 and CR40 and back to Page 1, Aural
Power Remote, at J8-9 for remote use.
An Aural Reflected Power Sample enters
the board at the SMA Jack J15 and is
detected by CR41 and the DC level
amplified by U28B. The output of U28B at
pin 7 is connected through the aural

Volume 1, Rev. 0 4-12

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions,

UHF Transmitter Control/Exciter Cabinet Assemblies

reflected calibration pot R205 to U30A.
The output is split with one part
connected to the Reflected Pwr A
connection on Page 1 of the schematic
that connects to U3. The other part of
the split from U30A connects to the
comparator IC U30B that has a reference
level connected to Pin 5. If the reflected
level increases above the reference level
a low Fault output is produced and
connected to the Reflected Power
Shutdown A circuit on Page 2 at CR43 &
CR44, which produces a Reflected Power

the board, the Fault Alert circuit and also
shuts down the Amplifier.

The level of the output power
measurements is completed through
software. Only the Aural Null and Offset
Null need to be adjusted through front
panel pots.

This completes the circuit description of the
Power Amplifier Module Assembly and the
entire Driver/Amplifier Assembly.

Fault A that is connected to an output of

Volume 1, Rev. 0 4-13

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 5, Detailed

UHF Transmitter Alignment Procedures

Chapter 5:

Detailed Alignment Procedures

5.1: System Preparation

This transmitter was aligned at the
factory and should not require additional
adjustments to achieve normal operation.

This transmitter takes the SMPTE 310
digital stream input and converts it to the
desired UHF On Channel RF Output that
is amplified to produce the systems
output power level.

The Driver/Amplifier and the Power
Amplifier Assemblies of the Innovator
HXB Series transmitter are of a Modular
design and when a Module fails that
module needs to be changed out with a
replacement module. The failed module
can then be sent back to Axcera for
repair. Contact Axcera Customer Service
Department at 1-724-873-8100 or FAX
to 1-724-873-8105, before sending in
any module.

5.2: Module Replacement

Module replacement on the HXB Series
products is a relatively simple process.
In the Exciter/Driver assembly, the
individual modules plug into a blind
mating connector located on the chassis.
To replace a module, refer to the
following procedure.

Loosen the two grip lock connectors,
located on the front panel, at the top
and bottom of the module,
counterclockwise until the module
releases. The Modulator, IF Processor,
Upconverter and Controller/Power
Supply can then be gently pulled from
the unit. To remove the Driver/Power
Amplifier Module in the exciter/amplifier
chassis assembly, the two cables, Input
and Output, connected to the rear of the
chassis must be removed. These two
cables and also a 6/32” x ½” shipping
screw, located between the two
connectors, must be removed before the

module will slide out. After removal of
the failed module, slide the replacement
module in place and make certain it
connects to the backplane board.
Tighten the two grip lock connectors.

NOTE: If the replacement module is a
driver/PA Module also replace the two
cables to the rear of the driver/
amplifier chassis assembly. The 6/32” x
½” shipping screw does not need to be
replaced. It is only used during
shipping. If the replacement module
does not slide in easily, verify it is
properly aligned in the nylon tracks,
located on both the top and bottom of
the module.

After removal of the failed module, slide
the replacement module in place and
make certain it connects to the blind
mate connector. Replace the two cables
on the rear of the IPA chassis assembly.
If the replacement module does not
slide in easily, verify it is properly
aligned in the nylon tracks, located on
both the top and bottom of the module.

Note: Each Module has an assigned slot
and will not fit properly or operate in the
incorrect slot. Do not try to place a
Module in the wrong slot as this may
damage the slot or the connectors on
the backplane board. Each module has
the name of the module on the front,
bottom for identification and correct
placement. The Modules are placed in
the unit from left to right; (1) Axciter
Downconverter, (2) Blank panel, (3)
Blank Panel, (4) Axciter Upconverter, (5)
Controller/Power Supply and (6) Driver
Power Amplifier.

5.3: Initial Test Set Up

Check that the RF output at the DTV
Mask Filter is terminated into a dummy
load of at least the rated output of the
system or connected to the antenna for

Volume 1, Rev. 0 5-1

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 5, Detailed

UHF Transmitter Alignment Procedures

your system. While performing the
alignment, refer to the Test Data Sheet
for the transmitter and compare the final
readings from the factory with the
readings on each of the modules. The
readings should be very similar. If a
reading is way off, the problem is likely
to be in that module.

Switch On the main AC for the system
and the individual circuit breakers on
each cabinet. Check that AC is present
to all systems.

This transmitter operates using a SMPTE
310 input that connects to J27, the MPEG
Input Jack, located on the rear panel of
the Axciter Modulator Tray in the exciter
control cabinet. Check that the MPEG
input is present. If used, check that the
10 MHz input from the GPS is connected
to J9 on the Axciter Modulator.

The GUI screen, located at the top front
of the Exciter/Control Cabinet, controls
the functional operation of the
transmitter and in turn the exciter.

The check of and the setup of the drive
levels are completed using the LCD
Display and the front panel adjustments
located on the Axciter Modulator Tray.
The level of the RF output which includes
adjustment of the drive level of the
Intermediate Power Amplifier and the
adjustment of the linearity and phase
pre-distortion to compensate for any
nonlinear response of the Power
Amplifiers are controlled within the
Axciter Modulator Tray.

NOTE: Refer to the separate Axciter
Instruction Manual for detailed
information.

5.4: Setting Up the Output Power of
the Transmitter

NOTE: In dual exciter systems perform

the following procedures with Exciter A
as the ON Air Exciter then repeat with
Exciter B as the On Air Exciter.

The following adjustments are
completed using the LCD screen located
on the front panel of the Axciter
Modulator Tray. On the Axciter Main
Screen, push the button next to the
Upconverter tab on the right side of the
screen. This will open the Upconverter
Main Screen. Set the AGC to Manual by
selecting 3 on the key board entry. The
screen will now indicate AGC Manual.
Set the transmitter to full power using
the Driver/Amplifier LCD display while
viewing the Power Control Screen in the
Set Up Menu.

5.4.1: Setting up of AGC 1

To set up the AGC, first the AGC must
be activated. Locate the 8 position DIP
switch SW1 mounted on the Control
Board in the Axciter Upconverter Sled,
mounted in the HXB Driver/Amplifier
Chassis Assembly. The Upconverter DIP
Switch Position 6 must be switched ON
which allows the user to modify the AGC
1 and AGC 2 gains through the Axciter
Modulator.

See Figure 5-1 for an example of the
Axciter Upconverter Main Screen. On
the Axciter Upconverter Screen set AGC
1 to 1.5 Volts, by first selecting 4 on the
key board entry. This will cause a detail
screen to appear prompting you to enter
a number value. Monitor the AGC 1
Gain Value on the screen and increase
or decrease the value of the number
entered until the monitored reading is

1.5 Volts.

Volume 1, Rev. 0 5-2

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 5, Detailed

UHF Transmitter Alignment Procedures

Figure 5-1: Axciter Upconverter Main Screen

5.4.2: Setting up of AGC 2

On the Axciter Upconverter Screen, set
AGC 2 to 1.7 Volts, by first selecting 5
on the key board entry. This will cause
a detail screen to appear prompting you
to enter a number value. Monitor the
AGC 2 Gain Value on the screen and
increase or decrease the value of the
number entered until the monitored
reading is 1.7 Volts.

After the setting up of the AGC gain
values, the AGC must be de-activated to
prevent accidental changes. The
Upconverter DIP Switch SW1 Position 6
must be switched OFF which locks the
AGC 1 and AGC 2 gains.

5.4.3: Setting up of Overdrive
Threshold

On the Axciter Upconverter Screen set
the Overdrive Threshold to 1.6 Volts, by
first selecting 7 on the key board entry.
This will cause a detail screen to appear.
Increase or decrease the voltage as
needed until the monitored reading is

1.6 Volts.

Place the Transmitter into AGC by
pushing the 3 key board entry on the
Axciter Upconverter Screen. This will
place the Transmitter AGC into Auto.

5.4.4: Axciter Relay Sample Values

The levels of the RF samples to the
Axciter Relay are to be measured with a
power meter before connecting them.
Your installation may require RF
attenuators to be placed in line with the

Volume 1, Rev. 0 5-3

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HXB Series Digital Chapter 5, Detailed

UHF Transmitter Alignment Procedures

samples to get them within the desired
range.

J1 is the connection from the forward
power sample of the coupler before the
mask filter (Non-Linear Distortion). The
level into Relay at J1 should be 0 dBm to
–10 dBm. –5 dBm typical

J2 it the connection from the forward
power sample after the mask filter
(Linear Distortion). The level into the
Relay at J2 should be 0 dBm to –10
dBm. –5 dBm typical, but within .5 dB of
the J1 sample.

5.4.5: Upconverter Downconverter
Adjustment

On the Axciter Modulator, activate the
Upconverter Main screen by selecting
Upconverter using the button next to it
on the right side of the Axciter Main
Screen. Activate the Downconverter
Output Gain by pushing 2 on the key
board entry. Monitor the DTVision
Linear Display by pushing the button
next to the DTVision Linear display on
the right side of the Axciter Main Screen.
At the bottom of the DTVision linear
screen, locate the reading next to RMS.
If this reading is between –10 dBm & 0
dBm no adjustment is needed. If it is
not, adjust the “Downconverter Gain”,
then view the RMS value until it is within
the –10 dBm to 0 dBm range.

5.5: System Calibration of Forward
and Reflected Powers Using the HXB
Driver/Amplifier

5.5.1: Forward Power Calibration

Check that transmitter is at 100%
output power, as shown on the LCD
display on the HXB Driver/Amplifier
chassis assembly in the Set Up menus.

Measure with a VOM, TP31-14, Red, and
TP31-12, Black, at the terminal block
TP31 located on the rear panel of the
HXB Series Driver/Amplifier Chassis
Assembly. Adjust R9, Forward
Calibration Adjustment, on the Dual
Peak Detector Board (1159965) for a
reading of .8VDC on the VOM. Locate
the Forward Power Adjust screen on the
HXB Driver/Amplifier LCD display in the
Set Up menus and adjust the up or
down arrow as needed to achieve 100 %
output power.

This completes the forward power set
up.

5.5.2: Reflected Power Calibration

Switch the transmitter to Standby.
Remove the connector that is on Jack
J2, on the Dual Peak Detector Board
(1159965), and replace with the
connector now on J1, also inserting a 10
dB pad in series. Switch the transmitter
to operate. Monitor the LCD display on
the HXB Driver/Amplifier in the Set Up
menus, reflected power screen. Adjust
R10, Reflected Calibration Adjustment,
on the Dual Peak Detector Board
(1159965) for a reading of 10% on the
display. Switch the transmitter to
Standby. Move the connector back to J1
while removing the 10 dB pad. Replace
the original connector onto J2.

NOTE: In a dual exciter system, repeat
the above procedure with Exciter B
selected as the On Air Exciter.

This completes the set up and
adjustment of the transmitter.

If a problem occurred during alignment,
contact Axcera field service at 1-724­873-8100.

Volume 1, Rev. 0 5-4

Appendix A

System Specifications

High Power Solid State UHF & VHF Transmitters

Innovator HX Series

Digital

With over twenty years of experience in the design and manufacture of solid
state transmitters, Axcera continues to provide the latest technology, enabling
our customers to focus on the future. The Innovator HX high power solid state
transmitter is available in power levels up to 100kW analog and 60 kW DTV
using the latest control, signal generation and RF amplifier technology, ensuring
long-term support.

These advanced solid state transmitters were designed specifically to meet the
needs of today’s broadcaster, offering high levels of reliability, efficiency and
performance. The modular construction provides a clear upgrade path, allow­ing broadcasters to begin with a low power transmitter and easily add modules
to achieve any power level desired. With parallel amplifiers, in-circuit program­mable control system and a choice of parallel linear or switching power sup­plies, the Innovator HX is perfect for long-term, unattended operation.

High Power Solid State UHF & VHF Transmitters

Digital Exciter-Modulator

10 0 % DSP B A S E D

The DT2B digital television modulator represents the indus­try’s most advanced ATSC exciter technology. Building on
the field proven hardware platform of Axcera’s digital ex­citer family, the DT2B offers terrestrial broadcasters the most
flexible solution available. Because it operates using 100%
digital signal processing, the DT2B can evolve as broadcast
requirements change, helping to protect your investment for
many years to come. For COFDM operation, the Innovator™
DT is compatible with modulators from most COFDM modu-

lator manufacturers.

Parallel Broadband Amplifier Modules

NO TUNING R E Q U I R E D

Every Innovator HX transmitter is comprised of highly reliable
broadband amplifier modules operating in a parallel config­uration. Each module covers the entire operating band with
no tuning required and is designed to accept high power
transistors from multiple manufacturers, providing very ef­ficient and linear operation and ensuring future support. For
convenience, each amplifier module operates independently,
allowing easy removal and replacement while the transmit­ter is on the air, and all digital and analog power amplifier
modules are interchangeable.

Linear or Switching Power Supplies

THE CHOIC E I S Y O U R S

The Innovator HX is available with either traditional linear
power supplies or modern switching supplies, each offering
specific benefits to the user.

High Efficiency Air-Cooling

QUIET, E F F I C I E N T & STRAI G H T F O R W A R D
COOLING S Y S T E M D E S I GN

The Innovator HX uses a hollow-fin heat-sink design that
minimizes the power amplifier module size without com-

Innovator HX Series

promising cooling efficiency, resulting in a very small over­all transmitter footprint. This unique low-pressure system
provides higher efficiency and less blower noise than other
designs. By providing low junction temperatures for the tran­sistor devices, this cooling system ensures that high reliability
and optimum device life are easily achieved.

Adaptive Digital Equalization (ADE™)

AN I NDUSTRY F I R S T

Standard on all digital Innovator™ HX transmitters, Axcera’s
exclusive Adaptive Digital Equalization (ADE™) provides
dynamic digital pre-correction, automatically tracking and
correcting for distortions, both linear and non-linear, in the
complete transmitter system.

The continuous, real-time, non-linear component of ADE™
is by far the most critical element of the correction system.
Since the majority of linear distortions are caused by factors
external to the transmission system, ATSC set-top boxes are
designed to correct for large amounts of linear distortions.
However, since DTV receivers cannot correct for non-linear
distortions, this must be handled in the transmitter system or

coverage will be affected in the fringe areas.

Control & Monitoring

IN-CIRCUI T P R O G R A M M ABLE C O N T R O L L E R
ENSURES F U T U R E S U P P ORT

All control and monitoring functions of the transmitter are
brought together in the in-circuit programmable control
unit and can be accessed both through the full-color touch­screen graphical user interface (GUI) and the LCD menu lo­cated on the front panel of the controller.

Test values, status information, pre-sets and fault indications,
as well as diagnostics to the component level are provided
through the LCD display and the GUI, and can be accessed

remotely through a serial interface.

DTVision Signal Analysis

UNIQ U E S Y S T E M CONTRO L & A N A LY SIS

Available on digital Innovator™ HX transmitters is Axcera’s
exclusive DTVision™ digital signal analysis and test system.
Designed to replace expensive DTV test equipment at a frac­tion of the price, this system samples the transmitter output,
measures critical transmitter performance parameters, and
displays the sampled information on the modulator’s front
panel display – no external PC is required.

Digital

High Power Solid State UHF & VHF Transmitters

SMPTE 310 In

Modulator

Auto

Switcher

Optional Dual

Exciter/Switcher

Harmonic

Filter

PA

PA

PA

PA

PA

PA

PA

PA

Splitter

Network

Model suffix denotes actual number of amplifiers

Combiner

Optional

Optional

Station

Load

Wattmeter

ToAntenna

Output Switch

Bandpass Filter

Reject

Load

Reject

Load

SMPTE 310 In

Modulator Splitter

Auto

Switcher

Optional Dual

Exciter/Switcher

Harmonic

Filter

PA

PA

PA

PA

PA

PA

PA

PA

Splitter

Network

Model suffix denotes actual number of amplifiers

Combiner

PA

PA

PA

PA

PA

PA

PA

PA

Splitter

Network

Model suffix denotes actual number of amplifiers

Combiner

PA

PA

PA

PA

PA

PA

PA

PA

Splitter

Network

Model suffix denotes actual number of amplifiers

Combiner

Optional

Optional

Station

Load

Wattmeter

ToAntenna

Output Switch

Bandpass Filter

Typical Single PA Cabinet Architecture

PA Cabinet

Innovator HX Series

Digital

Typical Multiple PA Cabinet Architecture

Systems available with up to
twelve PA cabinets for the
highest power requirements

PA Cabinet 1

PA Cabinet 2

PA Cabinet 3

High Power Solid State UHF & VHF Transmitters

Innovator HX Series

Digital

Performance

Frequency Range1
HLV 54 to 88 MHz
HHV 174 to 216 MHz
` HU 470 to 806 MHz

Output Impedance 50

Ω

Frequency Stability ±1 kHz
w/Precise Frequency Option ±2 Hz

Regulation of RF Output Power 3%

Out of Band -Compliant with FCC Mask
Channel Edge ±500kHz -47 dB or better
6MHz from Channel Edge -110 dB or better

Signal to Noise (SNR) 27 dB or better

Data Interface
Input Rate 19.39 Mbps, 6 MHz Channel
Input Interface SMPTE 310M

- coaxial/waveguide

(max 30 day variation)

General

Operational Temperature Range 0 to +45° C, derate 2° C/1000 ft.

Maximum Altitude1 8500 ft. (2600 m) AMSL

Operational Humidity Range 0% to 95% non-condensing

RF Load Impedance 50

Line Voltage

Power Factor

1

(User Specified) 208 or 240 VAC, 3 Phase

(With Switching Supplies Option)

2

0.95

Ω

Options

Switching Power Supplies2
DTVision Signal Analysis System
Bandwidth Enhancement Technology
Dual Exciter with Automatic Switcher
AC Surge Protector
Precise Frequency Kit
Spare Parts Kit

1

For other frequencies, altitudes and voltages - Consult Factory

2

Switching supplies available for VHF models only

3

“x” denotes operating band

4

Measured after Typical RF System. For custom configurations please contact the factory.

Model Specific Specifications

Model Number3 Hx2500AD Hx5000AD Hx7500AD Hx10KAD Hx15KAD Hx20KAD Hx25KAD

Power Output4 2.5 kW 5 kW 7.5 kW 10 kW 15 kW 20 kW 25 kW

Power Consumption 14 kW 28 kW 41 kW 55 kW 83 kW 110 kW 138 kW

Dimensions (H x W x D)

Inches 79”x 47”x 50” 79”x 47”x 50” 79”x71”x50” 79”x 71”x 50” 79”x 95”x 50” 79”x 118”x 50” 79” x 142”x 50”

Centimeters 200 x 120 x 127 200 x 120 x 127 200 x 180 x 127 200 x 180 x 127 200 x 240 x 127 200 x 300 x 127 200 x 360 x 127

Model Specific Specifications

Model Number3 Hx30KAD Hx35KAD Hx40KAD Hx45KAD Hx50KAD Hx55KAD Hx60KAD

Power Output4 30 kW 35 kW 40 kW 45 kW 50 kW 55 kW 60 kW

Power Consumption 166 kW 194 kW 220 kW 245 kW 275 kW 300 kW 330 kW

Dimensions (H x W x D)

Inches 79”x 165”x 50” 79”x 189”x 50” 79”x 212”x 50” 79”x 236”x 50” 79”x 260”x 50” 79”x 284”x 50” 79”x 307”x 50”

Centimeters 200 x 420 x 127 200 x 480 x 127 200 x 540 x 127 200 x 600 x 127 200 x 660 x 127 200 x 720 x 127 200 x 780 x 127

Specifications published here are current as of the date of publication of this document. Because we are continuously improving our products, Axcera reserves the right to change specifications without prior
notice. At any time, you may verify product specifications by contacting our office. Axcera views it’s patent portfolio as an important corporate asset and vigorously enforces its patents. Products or features
contained herein may be covered by one or more U.S. or foreign patents.

0505R0 © 2005 AXCERA All Rights Reserved An Equal Opportunity Employer

103 Freedom Drive, PO Box 525, Lawrence, PA 15055 t: 724-873-8100 f:724-873-8105 www.axcera.com

Appendix B

System Drawings



Innovator
UHF Transmitter Drawing and Parts List

HXB Series Digital Appendix B, System

Appendix B

Drawing List

HU5000BTD Transmitter System Block Diagram ...............................1313823

HU5000BTD Transmitter System Interconnect..................................1313824

Volume 1, Rev. 0 B-1

Appendix C

Control Cabinet

Drawings

Appendix C

Drawing List

Digital UHF Control Cabinet, HXB Series

Control Cabinet Single Exciter Block Diagram......................................... 1308241

Control Cabinet Single Exciter Interconnect ........................................... 1307571

Control Cabinet AC Interconnect........................................................... 1307037

Dual Peak Detector Board

Schematic.......................................................................................... 1159976

Serial Loop-Thru Board

Schematic.......................................................................................... 1307812

Appendix D

UHF Exciter/Driver Assembly

Drawings and Parts Lists



Innovator
UHF Transmitter Drawings and Parts Lists

HXB Series Digital Appendix D, UHF Exciter/Driver

Appendix D

Drawing List

Exciter/Driver Chassis Assembly, 110 VAC, HXB Series

Innovator LX Series Exciter Typical Block Diagram ................................. 1302139

Interconnect ...................................................................................... 1305554

Backplane Board, HXB Series, Axciter

Schematic.......................................................................................... 1307308

NOTE: The Axciter Modulator Tray (1305842) drawings and description, and more

information on the Upconverter Module (1306850) and the Downconverter Module
(1306852) are located in the separate Axciter Manual.

Downconverter Assembly, Axciter

Interconnect ...................................................................................... 1306896

Downconverter Board, Axciter

Schematic.......................................................................................... 1306808

Upconverter Assembly, Axciter

Interconnect ...................................................................................... 1306894

1st Conversion Board

Schematic.......................................................................................... 1306760

L-Band PLL Board

Schematic.......................................................................................... 1307207

Final Conversion Board

Schematic.......................................................................................... 1307265

AGC Control Board

Schematic.......................................................................................... 1307367

Control/Power Supply Assembly, 110 VAC, HX

Block Diagram.................................................................................... 1303889

Interconnect ...................................................................................... 1302062

Control Board

Schematic.......................................................................................... 1302023

Power Protection Board

Schematic.......................................................................................... 1302839

Switch Board

Schematic....................................................................................... 1527-3406

Volume 1, Rev. 0 D-1



Innovator

HXB Series Digital Appendix D, UHF Exciter/Driver

UHF Transmitter Drawings and Parts Lists

Power Amplifier Assembly, UHF Driver

Block Diagram.................................................................................... 1306026

Interconnect ...................................................................................... 1306025

Coupler Board Assembly

Block Diagram................................................................................. 1227-3316

RF Module Pallet w/o Transistors (Made into a RF Module Pallet, Phillips 1300116)

Schematic.........................................................................51-5379-309-00WSP

1 Watt UHF Amplifier Board (Mounted in a 1 Watt UHF Module Assembly 1302891)

Schematic.......................................................................................... 1302762

Amplifier Control Board

Schematic.......................................................................................... 1304776

Volume 1, Rev. 0 D-2