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TS2576
3A Step Down Switching Voltage Regulator
Pin assignment:
1. Input
2. Output
3. Ground
4. Feedback
5. Enable
52KHz Oscillating Frequency
Output Current up to 3A
Enable Input Control
General Description
The TS2576 Series are step-down switching regulators with all required active functions. It is capable of driving 3A load
with excellent line and load regulations. These devices are available in fixed output voltages of 3.3V, 5V, and an
adjustable output version.
The TS2576 series offers a high-efficiency replacement for popular three-terminal linear regulators. Also it requires a
minimum number of external components. It substantially not only reduces the area of board size but also the size of heat
sink, and in some cases no heat sink is required. The ±4% tolerance on output voltage within specified input voltages and
output load conditions is guaranteed. Also, the oscillator frequency accuracy is within ±10%. External shutdown is
included. Featuring 70µA (typical) standby current. The output switch includes cycle-by-cycle current limiting, as well as
thermal shutdown for full protection under fault conditions.
This series are offered in 5-pin TO-263, TO-220 package.
Features
Ordering Information
Guaranteed 3A output current
3.3V, 5V, and adjustable versions
Wide input voltage range, up to 40V
Internal oscillator of 52KHz fixed frequency
Wide adjust version output voltage range, from 1.23V
to 37V ±4% max. at over line and load conditions.
Low standby current, typ. 70µA, at shutdown mode
Requires only 4 external components
Thermal shutdown and current limit protection
P+ product enhancement tested
Applications
LCD Monitors
ADD-ON Cards Switching Regulators
High Efficiency Step-Down Regulators
Part No. Operating Temp.
Package
(Ambient)
TS2576CZ5-xx
TS2576CZ5
TS2576CM5-xx
TS2576CM5
Note: Where xx denotes voltage option, available are
12V, 5V and 3.3V. Leave blank for adjustable
version. Contact factory for additional voltage
options.
-20 ~ +85
o
C
TO-220-5L
TO-263-5L
Efficient Pre-regulator for Linear Regulators
Positive to Negative converter (Buck-Boost)
Absolute Maximum Rating
Input Voltage Vin +45 V
ENABLE Pin Input Voltage Vin (operate) -0.3V ≤ V ≤ Vin V
Power Dissipation PD Internal Limited W
Operating Junction Temperature Range TJ -0 ~ +150
Storage Temperature Range T
Lead Soldering Temperature (260 oC)
TO-220-5L / TO-263-5L Package
-65 ~ +150
STG
5
o
C
o
C
S
TS2576 1-7 2003/12 rev. A
Block Diagram
Electrical Characteris t ic s
Vin = 12V, IL = 500mA, Ta = 25
Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit
TS2576-3.3V
Output Voltage (Note 1) Vin=12V, IL=0.5A (Figure 1) 0.98|Vo| 1.02|Vo|
Output Voltage (Note 1) 0.5A ≤ IL ≤ 3A, 6V ≤ Vin ≤ 40V
Efficiency Vin=12V, IL=3A -- 75 -- %
TS2576-5V
Output Voltage (Note 1) Vin=12V, IL=0.5A(Figure 1) 0.98|Vo| 1.02|Vo|
Output Voltage (Note 1) 0.5A ≤ IL ≤ 3A, 8V ≤ Vin ≤ 40V
Efficiency Vin=12V, IL=3A -- 77 -- %
TS2576-12V
Output Voltage (Note 1) Vin=25V, IL=0.5A (Figure 1) 0.98|Vo| 1.02|Vo|
Output Voltage(Note 1) 0.5A ≤ IL ≤ 3A, 15V ≤ Vin ≤ 40V
Efficiency Vin=15V, IL=3A -- 88 -- %
TS2576
Feedback Voltage (Note 1) Vin=12V, Vout=5V,IL=0.5A (Figure 2) 0.98|Vo| 1.02|Vo|
Feedback Voltage (Note 1) 0.5A ≤ IL ≤ 3A, 8V ≤ Vin ≤ 40V,
Efficiency Vin=12V, Vout=5V, IL=3A -- 77 -- %
o
C unless otherwise specified.
(Figure 1)
(Figure 1)
(Figure 1)
Vout=5V (Figure 2)
0.96|Vo|
0.96|Vo|
0.96|Vo|
0.96|Vo|
3.3
5.0
12
1.23
1.04|Vo|
1.04|Vo|
1.04|Vo|
1.04|Vo|
V
V
V
V
TS2576 2-7 2003/12 rev. A
All Output Voltage Version (Vin=12V for 5V, 3.3V and Adjustable version, Vin=25V for 12V version, I
Oscillator Frequency (Note 2) 47 52 58
Quiescent Current (Note 3) -- 5 10
Standby Current ENABLE =5V -- 70 200
Saturation Voltage (Note 4) I
Feedback Bias Current V
Duty Cycle (Note 5) Operating (ON) 93 98 --
Current Limit (Note 2)(Note 4) 4.2 7.0 8.8
Output Leakage Current (Note 3)
ENABLE Threshold Voltage
ENABLE Input Current
Note 1: External components such as the catch diode, inductor, input and output capacitors can affect switching regulator
system performance. Refer to Application information for details.
Note 2: The oscillator frequency reduces to approximately 11KHz in the event of fault conditions, such as output short or
overload. And the regulated output voltage will drop approximately 40% from the nominal output voltage. This
self-protection feature lowers the average power dissipation by lowering the minimum duty cycle from 5% down to
approximately 2%.
Note 3: For these parameters, FB is removed from V
Note 4: V
Note 5: FB is removed from V
pin sourcing current. No diode, inductor or capacitor connected to V
OUT
and connected to 0V.
OUT
=3A -- 1.4 1.8
LOAD
=5V (Adj. Version only) -- 50 100
OUT
V
=0V -- 0.3 2
OUT
=-1V -- 7.5 30
V
OUT
VIH (V
V
I
IH
I
IH
=0V) 2.2 1.4 --
OUT
=Normal Output Voltage) -- 1.2 1.0
IL(VOUT
(ENABLE =5V) -- 12 30
(ENABLE =0V) -- 0 10
and connected to +12V to force the output transistor OFF.
OUT
OUT.
= 500mA)
L
kHz
mA
uA
nA
mA
uA
V
%
A
V
TS2576 3-7 2003/12 rev. A
Typical Application Circuit
Figure 1 Fixed Voltage Version
Figure 2: Adjustable Voltage Version
Figure 3: LC filter for Low Output Ripple
TS2576 4-7 2003/12 rev. A
Application Information
Inductor Selection
It is required that VIN must be bypassed with at least a
100µF electrolytic capacitor for stability. Also, it is
strongly recommended the capacitor’s leads must be
dept short, and located near the regulator as possible.
For low operating temperature range, for example, below
o
-25
C, the input capacitor value may need to be larger.
This is due to the reason that the capacitance value of
electrolytic capacitors decreases and the ESR increases
with lower temperatures and ago. Paralleling a ceramic
or solid tantalum capacitor will increase the regulator
stability at cold temperatures.
Output Capacitor
An output capacitor is also required to filter the output
voltage and is needed for loop stability. The capacitor
should be located near the TS2576 using short PC
board traces. Low ESR types capacitors are
recommended for low output ripple voltage and good
stability. Generally, low value or low voltage (less than
12V) electrolytic capacitors usually have higher ESR
numbers, For example, the lower capacitor values
(220µF - 1000µF) will yield typically 50mV to 150mV of
output ripple voltage, while larger-value capacitors will
reduce the ripple to approximately 20mV to 50mV.
The amount of output ripple voltage is primarily a
function of the ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance) of
the output capacitor and the amplitude of the inductor
ripple current (I
Output Ripple Voltage = (I
Some capacitors called “high-frequency”,
“low-inductance”, or “low-ESR” are recommended to use
to further reduce the output ripple voltage to 10mV or
20mV. However, very low ESR capacitors, such as
tantalum capacitors, should be carefully evaluated.
IND
)
) x (ESR of C
IND
OUT
)
Catch Diode
This diode is required to return path for the inductor
current when the switch is off. It should be located close
to the TS2576 using short leads and short printed circuit
traces as possible.
To satisfy the need to fast switching speed and low
forward voltage drop, Schottky diodes are widely used to
provide the best efficiency, especially in low output
voltage switching regulators (less than 5V). Beside,
Fast-Recovery, high-efficiency, or ultra fast recovery
diodes are also suitable. But some types with an abrupt
turn-off characteristic may cause instability and EMI
problems. A fast recovery diode with soft recovery
characteristics is better choice.
The TS2576 can be used for either continuous or
discontinuous modes of operation. Each mode has
distinctively different operating characteristics, which can
affect the regulator performance and requirements.
With relatively heavy load currents, the circuit operates
in the continuous mode (inductor current always flowing).
But under light
Load conditions, the circuit will be force to the
discontinuous mode (inductor current falls to zero for a
period of time). For light loads (less than approximately
300mA) it may be desirable to operate the regulator in
the discontinuous mode, primarily because of the lower
inductor values required for the discontinuous mode.
Indictors are available in different styles such as pot
core, toroid, E-frame, bobbin core, et., as well as
different core materials such as ferrites and powdered
iron. The least expensive, the bobbin core type, consists
of wire wrapped on a ferrite rod core. This type of
construction makes for an inexpensive inductor, but
since the magnetic flux is not completely contained
within the core, it generates more electromagnetic
interference (EMI). This EMI can cause problems in
sensitive circuits, or can give incorrect scope readings
because of induced voltage in the scope probe. An
inductor should not be operated beyond its maximum
rated current because it may saturate. When an inductor
begins to saturate, the inductance decreases rapidly and
the inductor begins to look mainly resistive (the DC
resistance of the winding). This will cause the switch
current to rise very rapidly. Different inductor types have
different saturation characteristics, and this should be
well considered when selecting as inductor.
Feedback Connection
For fixed output voltage version, the FB (feedback) pin
must be connected to V
is important to place the output voltage ratio resistors
near TS2576 as possible in order to minimize the noise
introduction.
. For the adjustable version, it
OUT
Enable Input
It is required that the ENABLE must not be left open. For
normal operation, connect this pin to a ”LOW” voltage
(typically, below 1.6V). On the other hand, for standby
mode, connect this pin with a “HIGH” voltage. This pin
can be safely pulled up to +
with it.
without a resistor in series
VIN
TS2576 5-7 2003/12 rev. A
Grounding
To maintain output voltage stability, the power ground
connections must be low-impedance. For the 5-lead
TO-220 and TO-263 style package, both the tab and pin
3 are ground and rather connection may be used.
Thermal Characteristics
The output ripple voltage is due mainly to the inductor
sawtooth ripple current multiplied by the ESR of the
output capacitor. The output ripple voltage of a switching
power supply will contain a sawtooth ripple voltage at the
switcher frequency, typically about 1% of the output
voltages, and may also contain short voltage spokes of
the sawtooth waveform.
Due to the fast switching action, and the parasitic
inductance of the output filter capacitor, there is voltage
spikes presenting at the peaks of the sawtooth
waveform. Cautions must be taken for stray
capacitance. Wiring inductance, and even the scope
probes used for transients evaluation. To minimize these
voltage spikes, shortening the lead length and PCB
traces is always the first thought. Further more, an
additional small LC filter (30µH & 100µF) (as shown in
Figure 3) will possibly provide a 10X reduction in output
ripple voltage and transients.
Heatsink and Thermal Consideration
Although the TS2576 requires only a small heatsink for
most cases, the following thermal consideration is
important for all operation. With the package thermal
resistances Өja
estimated as follows:
PD= (Vin x Iq) + (Vout / Vin) (Iout x Vsat);
When no heatsink is used, the junction temperature rise
can be determined by the following:
∆T
= PD x Өja
J
With the ambient temperature, the actual junction
temperature will be:
Tj
∆Tj + Ta
=
If the actual operating junction temperature is out of the
safe operating junction temperature (typically 125
then a heatsink is required. When using a heatsink, the
junction temperature rise will be reduced by the
following :
∆Tj= PD
Also one can see from the above, it is important to
choose an heatsink with adequate size and thermal
resistance, such that to maintain the regulator’s junction
temperature below the maximum operating temperature.
and Өjc , total power dissipation can be
x (Өjc + Ө interface + Ө heatsink );
o
C),
TS2576 6-7 2003/12 rev. A
TO-220-5L Mechanical Drawing
G
A
B
C
M
N
L
F
E
D
H
DIM
A 10.00 10.50 0.394 0.413
B 3.240 4.440 0.128 0.175
C 2.440 2.940 0.096 0.116
D 0.260 1.020 0.010 0.040
E 1.570 1.830 0.062 0.072
I
K
J
F 13.31 14.13 0.524 0.556
G 4.475 5.225 0.176 0.206
H 1.170 1.370 0.046 0.054
I 27.60 29.44 1.087 1.159
J 2.175 2.925 0.086 0.115
K 0.297 0.477 0.012 0.019
L 8.280 8.800 0.326 0.346
M 6.010 6.510 0.237 0.256
N 14.29 15.31 0.563 0.603
TO-220 DIMENSION
MILLIMETERS INCHES
MIN MAX MIN MAX
TO-263-5L Mechanical Drawing
A
E
F
J
B
I
C
G
D
H
DIM
A 10.220 10.260 0.402 0.404
B 14.600 15.870 0.575 0.625
C 0.750 0.770 0.030 0.030
D 1.573 1.827 0.062 0.072
E 4.560 4.570 0.179 0.180
F 1.240 1.270 0.049 0.050
G 2.280 2.790 0.090 0.110
H 0.280 0.320 0.011 0.013
I 8.240 8.280 0.324 0.326
J 1.540 1.800 0.060 0.071
TO-263 DIMENSION
MILLIMETERS INCHES
MIN MAX MIN MAX
TS2576 7-7 2003/12 rev. A
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