Trimble 6248192, 6248192 B1 User Manual

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USER GUIDE

Trimble® SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna

Version 2.28 (SPS780 Smart GPS Antennas) Version 3.20 (SPS880 Smart GPS Antennas)

Revision A August 2006

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Corporate Office

Trimbl e Navigation L imited 935 Stewart Drive

Sunnyvale, CA 94085 USA

www.trimble.com

Construction Business Area

Trimbl e Navigation L imited Construction Business Area 5475 Kellenburger Road Dayton, Ohio 45424-1099 USA 800-538-7800 (toll free in USA) +1-937-245-5600 Phone +1-937-233-9004 Fax

www.trimble.com

E-mail: trimble_support@trimble.com

Legal Notices

Trademark Office and in other countries. AutoBase, CMR, CMR+, HydroP ro, Maxwell, TRIMMARK, Trimble Geomatics Office, Trimble Total Control, TSC2, TSCe, VRS, Zephyr, and Zephyr Geodetic are trademarks of Trimble Navigation Limited.

The Bluetooth word mark and logos are owned by the Bluetooth SIG, Inc. and any use of such marks by Trimble Navigation Limited is under license.

Microsoft, Windows, and Windows NT, are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.

All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

Release Notice

This is the August 2006 release (Revision A) of the SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide. It applies to version 2.28 and 3.20 of the SPSx80 Smart GPS antennas.

Product Limited Warranty Information

LIMITED WARRANTY TERMS AND CONDITIONS

Product Limited Warranty

Subject to the following terms and conditions, Trimble Navigation Limited (“Trimble”) warrants that for a period of one (1) year from date of purchase this Trimble product (the “Product”) will substantially conform to Trimble's publicly available specifications for the Product and that the hardware and any storage media components of the Product will be substantially free from defects in materials and workmanship.

Product Software

Product software, whether built into hardware circuitry as firmware, provided as a standalone computer software product, embedded in flash memory, or stored on magnetic or other media, is licensed solely for use with or as an integral part of the Product and is not sold. If accompanied by a separate end user license agreement (“EULA”), use of any such software will be subject to the terms of such end user license agreement (including any differing limited warranty terms, exclusions, and limitations), which shall control over the terms and conditions set forth in this limited warranty.

Software Fixes

During the limited warranty period you will be entitled to receive such Fixes to the Product software that Trimble releases and makes commercially available and for which it does not charge separately, subject to the procedures for delivery to purchasers of Trimble products generally. If you have purchased the Product from an authorized Trimble dealer rather than from Trimble directly, Trimble may, at its option, forward the software Fix to the Trimble dealer for final distribution to you. Minor Updates, Major Upgrades, new products, or substantially new software releases, as identified by Trimble, are expressly excluded from this update process and limited warranty. Receipt of software Fixes or other enhancements shall not serve to extend the limited warranty period. For purposes of this warranty the following definitions shall apply: (1) “Fix(es)” means an error correction or other update created to fix a previous software version that does not substantially conform to its Trimble specifications; (2) “Minor Update” occurs when enhancements are made to current features in a software program; and (3) “Major Upgrade” occurs when significant new features are added to software, or when a new product containing new features

replaces the further development of a current product line. Trimble reserves the right to determine, in its sole discretion, what constitutes a Fix, Minor Update, or Major Upgrade.

Warranty Remedies

If the Trimble Product fails during the warranty period for reasons covered by this limited warranty and you notify Trimble of such failure during the warranty period, Trimble will repair OR replace the nonconforming Product with new, equivalent to new, or reconditioned parts or Product, OR refund the Product purchase price paid by you, at Trimble’s option, upon your return of the Product in accordance with Trimble's product return procedures then in effect.

How to Obtain Warranty Service

To obtain warranty service for the Product, please contact your local Trimble authorized dealer. Alternatively, you may contact Trimble to request warranty service at +1-408-481-6940 (24 hours a day) or e-mail your request to trimble_support@trimble.com. Please be prepared to provide:

– your name, address, and telephone numbers – proof of purchase – a copy of this Trimble warranty – a description of the nonconforming Product including the model

number – an explanation of the problem The customer service representative may need additional

information from you depending on the nature of the problem.

Warranty Exclusions and Disclaimer

This Product limited warranty shall only apply in the event and to the extent that (a) the Product is properly and correctly installed, configured, interfaced, maintained, stored, and operated in accordance with Trimble's applicable operator's manual and specifications, and; (b) the Product is not modified or misused. This Product limited warranty shall not apply to, and Trimble shall not be responsible for, defects or performance problems resulting from (i) the combination or utilization of the Product with hardware or software products, information, data, systems, interfaces, or devices not made, supplied, or specified by Trimble; (ii) the operation of the Product under any specification other than, or in addition to, Trimble's standard specifications for its products; (iii) the unauthorized installation, modification, or use of the Product; (iv) damage caused by: accident, lightning or other electrical discharge, fresh or salt water immersion or spray (outside of Product specifications); or exposure to environmental conditions for which the Product is not intended; (v) normal wear and tear on consumable parts (e.g., batteries); or (vi) cosmetic damage. Trimble does not warrant or guarantee the results obtained through the use of the Product, or that software components will operate error free.

NOTICE REGARDING PRODUCTS EQUIPPED WITH TECHNOLOGY CAPABLE OF TRACKING SATELLITE SI GNALS FROM SATELLITE BASED AUGMENTATION SYSTEM S (SBAS) (WAAS/EGNOS, AND MSAS), OMNISTAR, GPS, MODERNIZED GPS OR GLONASS SATELLITES, OR FROM IALA BEACON SOURCES: TRIMBLE IS NOT RESPONSI BLE FOR THE OPERATION OR FAILURE OF OPERATION OF ANY SATELLITE BASED POSITIONING SYSTEM OR THE AVAI LABILITY OF ANY SATELLITE BASED POSITIONING SIGNALS.

THE FOREGOING LIMITED WARRANTY TERMS STATE TRIMBLE’S ENTIRE LIABILITY, AND YOUR EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES, RELATING TO THE TRIMBLE PRODUCT. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE EXPRESSLY PROVIDED HEREIN, THE PRODUCT, AND ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTATION AND MATERIALS ARE PROVIDED “AS-IS” AND WITHOUT EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, BY EITHER TRIMBLE OR ANYONE WHO HAS BEEN INVOLVED IN ITS CREATION, PRODUCTION, INSTALLATION, OR DISTRIBUTION, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE, AND NONINFRINGEMENT. THE STATED EXPRESS WARRANTIES ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OBLIGATIONS OR LIABILITIES ON THE PART OF TRIMBLE ARISING OUT OF, OR IN CONNECTION WITH, ANY PRODUCT. BECAUSE SOME STATES AND JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW LIMITATIONS ON DURATION OR THE EXCLUSION OF AN IMPLIED WARRANTY, THE ABOVE LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY OR FULLY APPLY TO YOU.

Limitation of Liability

TRIMBLE'S ENTIRE LIABILITY UNDER ANY PROVISION HEREIN SHALL BE LIMITED TO THE AMOUNT PAID BY YOU FOR THE PRODUCT. TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, IN NO EVENT SHALL TRIMBLE OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGE WHATSOEVER UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCE OR LEGAL THEORY RELATI NG IN ANYWAY TO THE PRODUCTS, SOFTWARE AND ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTATION AND MATERIALS, (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS PROFITS,

BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, LOSS OF DATA, OR ANY OTHER PECUNIARY LOSS), REGARDL ESS OF WHETHER TRIMBLE HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF ANY SUCH LOSS AND REGARDLESS OF THE COURSE OF DEALING WHICH DEVELOPS OR HAS DEVELOPED BETWEEN YOU AND TRIMBLE. BECAUSE SOME STATES AND JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, THE ABOVE LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.

PLEASE NOTE: THE ABOVE TRIMBLE LIMITED WARRANTY PROVISIONS WILL NOT APPLY TO PRODUCTS PURCHASED IN THOSE JURISDICTIONS (E.G., MEMBER STATES OF THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AREA) IN WHICH PRODUCT WARRANTIES ARE THE RESP ONSIBILITY OF THE LOCAL TRIMBLE AUTHORIZED DEALER FROM WHOM THE PRODUCTS ARE ACQUIRED. IN SUCH A CASE, PLEASE CONTACT YOUR LOCAL TRIMBLE AUTHORIZED DEALER FOR APPLICABLE WARRANTY INFORMATION.

Official Language

THE OFFICIAL LANGUAGE OF THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS IS ENGLISH. IN THE EVENT OF A CONFLICT BETWEEN ENGLISH AND OTHER LANGUAGE VERSIONS, THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE SHALL CONTROL.

Registration

To receive information regarding updates and new products, please contact your local dealer or visit the Trimble website at

www.trimble.com/register. Upon registration you may select the

newsletter, upgrade, or new product information you desire.

Notices

Class B Statement – Notice to Users. This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communication. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

– Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. – Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver. – Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from

that to which the receiver is connected.

– Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for

help. Changes and modifications not expressly approved by the manufacturer or registrant of this equipment can void your

authority to operate this equipment under Federal Communications Commission rules.

Canada

This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class B limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus as set out in the radio interference regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications.

Le présent appareil numérique n’émet pas de bruits radioélectriques dépassant les limites applicables aux appareils numériques de Classe B prescrites dans le règlement sur le brouillage radioélectrique édicté par le Ministère des Communications du Canada.

Europe

This product has been tested and found to comply with the requirements for a Class B device pursuant to European Council Directive 89/336/EEC on EMC, thereby satisfying the requirements for CE Marking and sale within the European Economic Area (EEA). Contains Infineon radio module ROK 104001. These requirements are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a residential or commercial environment.

Australia and New Zealand

This product conforms with the regulatory requirements of the Australian Communications Authority (ACA) EMC framework, thus satisfying the requirements for C-Tick Marking and sale within Australia and New Zealand.

Taiwan – Battery Recycling Requirements

The product contains a removable Lithium-ion battery. Taiwanese regulations require that waste batteries are recycled.

廢電池請回收

Notice to Our European Union Customers

For product recycling instructions and more information, please go to www.trimble.com/ev.shtml.

Recycling in Europe: To recycle Trimble WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment, products that run on electrical power.), Call +31 497 53 24 30, and ask for the "WEEE Associate". Or, mail a request for recycling instructions to: Tri mble Europe BV c/o Menlo Worldwide Logistics Meerheide 45 5521 DZ Eersel, NL

iv SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

Safety Information

Before you use your Trimble® SPS GPS receiver, make sure that you have read and understood all safety requirements.

Regulations and safety

The receivers contain an internal radio-modem and can send signals through Bluetooth GPS antenna only) or through an external data communications radio. Regulations regarding the use of the radio-modems vary greatly from country to country. In some countries, the unit can be used without obtaining an end-user license. Other countries require end-user licensing. For licensing information, consult your local Trimble dealer.

Before operating an SPSx50 Modular GPS receiver or SPSx80 Smart GPS antenna, determine if authorization or a license to operate the unit is required in your country. It is the responsibility of the end user to obtain an operator’s permit or license for the receiver for the location or country of use.

For FCC regulations, see Notices, page iii.

Type approval

Type approval, or acceptance, covers technical parameters of the equipment related to emissions that can cause interference. Type approval is granted to the manufacturer of the transmission equipment, independent from the operation or licensing of the units. Some countries have unique technical requirements for operation in particular radio-modem frequency bands. To comply with those requirements, Trimble may have modified your equipment to be granted Type approval. Unauthorized modification of the units voids the Type approval, the warranty, and the operational license of the equipment.

wireless technology (SPSx50 Modular GPS receiver and the SPSx80 Smart

Exposure to radio frequency radiation

For 450 MHz radio

Safety. Exposure to RF energy is an important safety consideration. The FCC has adopted a safety standard for human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic energy emitted by FCC regulated equipment as a result of its actions in General Docket 79-144 on March 13, 1986.

Proper use of this radio modem results in exposure below government limits. The following precautions are recommended:

• DO NOT operate the transmitter when someone is 20 cm (7.8 inches) of the

antenna.

• DO NOT operate the transmitter unless all RF connectors are secure and any

open connectors are properly terminated.

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide v

Safety Information

• DO NOT operate the equipment near electrical blasting caps or in an explosive

atmosphere.

• All equipment must be properly grounded according to Trimble installation

instructions for safe operation.

• All equipment should be serviced only by a qualified technician.

For license-free 900 MHz radio

CAUTION – For your own safety, and in terms of the RF Exposure requirements of the

FCC, always observe the precautions listed here.

• Always maintain a minimum separation distance of 20 cm (7.8 inches) between

yourself and the radiating antenna on the SPSx50 radio-modem.

• Do not co-locate the antenna with any other transmitting device.

For Bluetooth radio

The radiated output power of the internal Bluetooth wireless radio is far below the FCC radio frequency exposure limits. Nevertheless, the wireless radio shall be used in such a manner that the Trimble receiver is 20 cm or further from the human body. The internal wireless radio operates within guidelines found in radio frequency safety standards and recommendations, which reflect the consensus of the scientific community. Trimble therefore believes the internal wireless radio is safe for use by consumers. The level of energy emitted is far less than the electromagnetic energy emitted by wireless devices such as mobile phones. However, the use of wireless radios may be restricted in some situations or environments, such as on aircraft. If you are unsure of restrictions, you are encouraged to ask for authorization before turning on the wireless radio.

Installing antennas

900 Mhz radios are not used in Europe.

vi SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

CAUTION – For your own safety, and in terms of the RF Exposure requirements of the

FCC, always observe these precautions: – Always maintain a minimum separation distance of 20 cm (7.8 inches) between yourself and the radiating antenna. – Do not co-locate the antenna with any other transmitting device.

This device has been designed to operate with the antennas listed below, and having a maximum gain of 5 dBi. Antennas not included in this list, or having a gain greater than 5 dBi, are strictly prohibited for use with this device. The required antenna impedance is 50 ohms.

The antennas to be used with the 450 MHz radio are 0 dBi and 5 dBi whip antennas. The antennas to be used with the 900MHz radio are 0dBi, 3dBi, and 5dBi whip antennas.

To reduce potential radio interference to other users, the antenna type and its gain should be so chosen that the equivalent isotropically radiated power (e.i.r.p.) is not more than that permitted for successful communication.

Battery safety

Safety Information

WARNING – Do not damage the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery. A damaged battery

can cause an explosion or fire, and can result in personal injury and/or property damage. To prevent injury or damage: – Do not use or charge the battery if it appears to be damaged. Signs of damage include, but are not limited to, discoloration, warping, and leaking battery fluid. – Do not expose the battery to fire, high temperature, or direct sunlight. – Do not immerse the battery in water. – Do not use or store the battery inside a vehicle during hot weather. – Do not drop or puncture the battery. – Do not open the battery or short-circuit its contacts.

WARNING – Avoid contact with the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery if it appears to be

leaking. Battery fluid is corrosive, and contact with it can result in personal injury and/or property damage. To prevent injury or damage: – If the battery leaks, avoid contact with the battery fluid. – If battery fluid gets into your eyes, immediately rinse your eyes with clean water and seek medical attention. Do not rub your eyes! – If battery fluid gets onto your skin or clothing, immediately use clean water to wash off the battery fluid.

WARNING – Charge and use the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery only in strict

accordance with the instructions. Charging or using the battery in unauthorized equipment can cause an explosion or fire, and can result in personal injury and/or equipment damage. To prevent injury or damage: – Do not charge or use the battery if it appears to be damaged or leaking. – Charge the Lithium-ion battery only in a Trimble product that is specified to charge it. Be sure to follow all instructions that are provided with the battery charger. – Discontinue charging a battery that gives off extreme heat or a burning odor. – Use the battery only in Trimble equipment that is specified to use it. – Use the battery only for its intended use and according to the instructions in the product documentation.

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide vii

Safety Information

viii SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

Safety Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v

Regulations and safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v

Type approval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v

Exposure to radio frequency radiation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v

For 450 MHz radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v

For license-free 900 MHz radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi

For Bluetooth radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi

Installing antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi

Battery safety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii

1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

About the SPSx80 Smart GPS antenna. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

SPS780 Basic Smart GPS antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

SPS780 Max Smart GPS antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

SPS880 Extreme Smart GPS antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Related Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Technical Support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Your Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

2 Features and Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

SPS780 Smart GPS antenna standard features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

SPS780 Basic features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

SPS780 Max features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

SPS880 Extreme Smart GPS antenna standard features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Use and care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

COCOM limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Parts of the receiver. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Front panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Lower housing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Button functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

LED behavior. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

LED flash patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

3 Batteries and Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

External power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Battery safety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Battery performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Charging the Lithium-ion batteries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Storing the Lithium-ion battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Disposing of the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Operating the receiver with a Trimble controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide ix

Contents

4 Setup Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Base station operation guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Base station components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Base station setup guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Permanent installation antenna cabling for the SPSx50 Modular GPS receiver and

SPS770 GPS receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Rover operation guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Rover receiver components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Rover receiver setup guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Cellular modem and external radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

5 Setting up the Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Connecting the receiver to external devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Trimble controller with SCS900 Site Controller software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

External radio-modems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Common ways to set up a base station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Setting up a base station for permanent or semi-permanent installation. . . . . . . . . . 40

Setting up a base station for daily site use: T-Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Setting up a mobile base station: Tripod and fixed height tripod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Common ways to set up a rover receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Setting up the rover receiver on a jobsite vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Setting up the rover receiver on a rod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Setting up a rover receiver on a belt or in a backpack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

6 Configuring the Receiver Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Using the SCS900 Site Controller software to configure the base station, the rover, and

the radios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Configuring the receiver to log data for postprocessing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Configuring the receiver in real time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Configuring the receiver using application files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Special application files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Applying application files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Storing application files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Naming application files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Creating and editing the configuration files that control the receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Installing the Configuration Toolbox software. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Configuring the receiver using the Configuration Toolbox software . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Transmitting the application file to the receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

7 AutoBase Feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Setting Up a Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Best practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Antenna type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

x SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

Contents

Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Scenario One: Base station setup on first visit to a site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Scenario Two: Base station setup on a repeat visit to that site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Scenario Three: The stored base station position seems to be missing . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Flowchart showing the AutoBase process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

8 Default Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Default receiver settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Resetting the receiver to factory defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Default behavior. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Power up settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Logging data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Logging data after a power loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

9 Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

General specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

Physical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

Electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Communication specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

A NMEA-0183 Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

NMEA-0183 message overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Common message elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Message values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

NMEA messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

B GSOF Messages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

Supported message types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

GSOF message definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

TIME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

LLH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

ECEF. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

ECEF DELTA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

NEU DELTA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

Velocity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

PDOP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

SIGMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

SV Brief . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

SV Detail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

UTC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

Batt/Mem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

Attitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

Data collector report structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide xi

Contents

C Adding Internal Radio Frequencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

Adding receive frequencies for the 450 MHz internal radio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

D Upgrading the Receiver Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

The WinFlash utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

Installing the WinFlash utility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106

Upgrading the receiver firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106

E Data Logging and Postprocessed Measurement Operations . . . . . . . 109

Connecting to the office computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110

Transferring files directly from a CompactFlash card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110

Deleting files in the receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111

Supported file types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111

F Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

LED conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114

Receiver issues. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

Base station setup and static measurement problems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .116

Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

xii SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

CHAPTER

Introduction 1

Welcome to the SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide. This manual describes how to set up and

use the Trimble

The SPS GPS receivers is a family of receivers that comprise the SPSx50 Modular GPS receivers, SPS770 GPS receivers, and the SPSx80 Smart GPS antennas. Where necessary, this manual contains references to specific receivers in the product family. When information is specific to a particular model, then the specific model name is used.

Even if you have used other Global Positioning System (GPS) products before, Trimble recommends that you spend some time reading this manual to learn about the special features of this product. If you are not familiar with GPS, visit the Trimble website (www.trimble.com) for an interactive look at Trimble and GPS.

About the SPSx80 Smart GPS antenna

The SPSx80 Smart GPS antenna family comprises the following Smart GPS antennas:

• SPS780 Basic

• SPS780 Max

SPSx80 Smart GPS antennas.

SPS780 Basic Smart GPS antenna

The SPS780 Basic Smart GPS antenna is the entry level receiver in the SPSx80 Smart GPS antenna family. The SPS780 Basic is available as a base station only or rover only configuration. The receiver is optimized for use on small-to-midsize construction projects.

SPS780 Max Smart GPS antenna

The SPS780 Max Smart GPS antenna is available from new or as an upgrade to the SPS780 Basic Smart GPS antenna. The SPS780 Max configuration provides you with base and rover operation capability plus the ability to work at longer ranges from the base station, and to operate as a rover in a Trimble Virtual Reference Station (VRS

™

) network.

SPS880 Extreme Smart GPS antenna

The SPS880 Extreme Smart GPS antenna can track the existing GPS L1 and L2 satellite signals plus the future L2C and L5 signals as they become available. The new signals provide the ability to initialize faster, work in harsher GPS environments, and work at longer ranges from the base station. The SPS880 Extreme can also utilize signals from the Russian GLONASS satellites, providing increased satellite availability and fewer/shorter GPS outages.

• SPS880 Extreme

The Smart GPS antennas are designed for all on-the-rod rover operation and rapid daily base station setup operation.

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 13

1 Introduction

Related Information

Sources of related information include the following:

• Help – The SCS900 Site Controller software

has built-in, context-sensitive help that lets you quickly find the information you need. Access it from the Help menu. Alternatively, click the a Microsoft Start / Help.

• Release notes – The release notes describe

new features of the product, information not included in the manuals, and any changes to the manuals. They are provided as a .pdf file on the Trimble SPS GPS Receiver CD.

• Trimble training courses – Consider a

training course to help you use your GPS system to its fullest potential. For more information, go to the Trimble website at www.trimble.com/training.html.

? button in a dialog, or press [F1]. On

Windows® CE device, select

Technical Support

If you have a problem and cannot find the information you need in the product documentation, contact your local dealer. Alternatively, go to the Support area of the Trimble website (www.trimble.com/support.shtml). Select the product you need information on. Product updates, documentation, and any support issues are available for download.

If you need to contact Trimble technical support, complete the online inquiry form at www.trimble.com/support_form.asp.

Your Comments

Your feedback about the supporting documentation helps us to improve it with each revision. E-mail your comments to ReaderFeedback@trimble.com.

14 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

CHAPTER

Features and Functions 2

In this chapter:

Q SPS780 Smart GPS antenna

standard features

Q SPS880 Extreme Smart GPS

antenna standard features

Q Use and care

Q COCOM limits

Q Parts of the receiver

Q Button functions

Q LED behavior

The SPSx80 Smart GPS antennas are designed to be used for the following infrastructure and site development applications:

• Layout of structure foundations, caissons

and piles

• Earthworks, fine grading and finishing

stakeout operations

• Initial site measurements to verify design

levels and regular subsequent measurements to determine progress volumes

• Measurements and grade/thickness checks

on laid materials

The SPSx80 incorporates a GPS antenna, receiver, internal radio, and battery in a rugged light-weight unit that is ideally suited as an allon-the-pole RTK rover or quick setup/rapid mobilization base station. LEDs enable you to monitor satellite tracking, radio reception, data logging status, and power. Bluetooth technology provides cable-free communications between the receiver and controller.

wireless

You can use the SPSx80 as part of an RTK GPS system with the Trimble SCS900 Site Controller software.

All the receivers can optionally record GPS data to the receiver’s optional internal memory and download to a computer using the serial connection.

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 15

2 Features and Functions

Overview

The SPS780 and SPS880 Extreme Smart GPS antennas (see Figure 2.1) are very similar in setup, operational use, and controls. The SPS880 has a taller antenna dome to accommodate the larger GPS antenna and the circuitry required to track additional GPS signals and GLONASS satellites.

Figure 2.1 SPS780 Smart GPS antenna (left), and the SPS880 Extreme Smart GPS antenna (right)

SPS780 Smart GPS antenna standard features

The SPS780 Smart GPS antenna provides the following features:

• Small, lightweight design - 1.31 kg (2.89 lb) (integrated radio, GPS receiver, GPS

antenna and battery) 3.7 kg (8.16 lb) complete system weight (rover including TSC2 controller and rod)

• The quick setup, high mobility base and rover receiver system is ideal for small

to mid-size jobsites and for working on multiple jobsites on a daily or weekly basis

• 24-channel L1/L2 GPS receiver (SPS780 Basic and SPS780 Max)

• Internal, removable, smart Lithium-ion battery provides up to 6.6 hrs GPS rover

operation per battery

• Bluetooth

• Simple keypad with on/off key and LED indicators for power, radio, and satellite

tracking

• Allows measurement from a moving platform, for example, mounted on a

vehicle or marine vessel for increased efficiency on large jobsites

SPS780 Basic features

wireless technology for cable free, no hassle base or rover operation

• Rover or base configurations, not interchangeable

• 2 Hz measurement rover receiver update rate

• Rover operational range limited to 1.5 mile (2.4 km) from base station

16 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

• Base station operational range limited only by normal restrictions common to

UHF radio transmissions

• Integrated transmit radio (450 MHz Base configuration only)

• Entry level price point for lower cost of base station or rover

• Can be upgraded to the SPS780 Max

SPS780 Max features

• Base/Rover receiver interchangeability for ultimate GPS fleet flexibility

• Rover option offers 10 Hz measurement update rate

• Range limited only by normal restrictions common to UHF radio transmissions

• Operates as a rover within a Virtual Reference Station (VRS) network for

operation without a conventional base station

• Integrated transmit/receive radio provides base station and rover operation

capability (900 MHz variant contains receive only radio and utilizes the SNB900 radio at the base station for transmit capability)

Features and Functions 2

SPS880 Extreme Smart GPS antenna standard features

• Small, lightweight design – 1.35 kg (2.97 lb) (integrated radio, GPS receiver, GPS

antenna and battery) 3.71 kg (8.18 lb) complete system weight (rover including TSC2 controller and rod)

• The quick setup, high mobility base or rover receiver, is ideal for any size jobsite

as a rover and for working on multiple jobsites on a daily or weekly basis

• 72-channel L1/L2/L2C/L5 GPS and L1/L2 GLONASS receiver

• Performs all site measurement and stakeout operations within the operating

range of the radio

• Internal, removable, smart Lithium-ion battery provides up to 5.5 hrs GPS rover

operation per battery

• Bluetooth wireless technology for cable free, no hassle base or rover operation

• Simple keypad with on/off key and LED indicators for power, radio and satellite

tracking

• 20 Hz update rate

• Full base/rover interchangeability

• Operates within a VRS network for conventional base station-free rover

capability

• Integrated transmit radio (450MHz version only)

• Receives L2C code and L5 carrier signal for future GPS modernization capability

• Tracks GLONASS L1/L2 signals for increased satellite availability and operation

in harsh GPS environments

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 17

2 Features and Functions

Use and care

This product is designed to withstand the rough treatment and tough environment that typically occurs in construction applications. However, the receiver is a high-precision electronic instrument and should be treated with reasonable care.

CAUTION – Operating or storing the receiver outside the specified temperature range can damage it. For more information, see Chapter 10, Specifications.

COCOM limits

The U.S. Department of Commerce requires that all exportable GPS products contain performance limitations so that they cannot be used in a manner that could threaten the security of the United States. The following limitations are implemented on this product:

• Immediate access to satellite measurements and navigation results is disabled

when the receiver velocity is computed to be greater than 1000 knots, or its altitude is computed to be above 18 000 meters. The receiver GPS subsystem resets until the COCOM situation clears. As a result, all logging and stream configurations stop until the GPS subsystem is cleared.

Parts of the receiver

All operating controls on the SPSx80 Smart GPS antenna are located on the front panel. Serial ports and connectors are located on the bottom of the unit.

18 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

Features and Functions 2

Front panel

Figure 2.2 shows a front view of the SPSx80 Smart GPS antenna. The front panel contains the three indicator LEDs, and the power button.

Radio LED

Satellite LED

Figure 2.2 Front panel of the SPSx80 Smart GPS antenna

The power button controls the receiver’s power on or off functions.

The indicator LEDs show the status of power, satellite tracking, and radio reception. For more information, see LED behavior, page 21.

Power LED

Power button

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 19

2 Features and Functions

Lower housing

Figure 2.3 shows the lower housing of the SPS780 Smart GPS antenna. The lower housing is the same for the SPS880, except for the identifying label. The housing contains the two serial ports, one TNC radio antenna connector, the removable battery compartment and the 5/8-11 threaded insert.

Receiver identifying label

TNC radio antenna connection

Port 2

5/8-11" threaded insert

Figure 2.3 SPSx80 Smart GPS antenna lower housing

Each port or connector on the Smart GPS antenna is marked with an icon to indicate its main function, as shown in Table 2.1.

Table 2.1 Receiver ports

Icon Name Connections

Port 1 Device, computer, external radio, power in

Port 2 Device, computer, external radio

RADIO Radio communications antenna

Port 1 is a 7-pin 0-shell Lemo connector that supports RS-232 communications and external power input. Port 1 has no power outputs.

20 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

Port 1

Port 2 is a DB-9 male connector that allows for full 9-pin RS-232 communications. Port 2 does not support power in or out. For more information on default port settings, see Default receiver settings, page 66. For more information on connector pinouts, see Communication specifications, page 72.

The TNC port connector is for connecting a radio antenna to the receiver internal radio. A whip “rubber duck” antenna is supplied with the system for units with internal UHF or 900 MHz radios. This connector is not used if you are using an external radio receiver. For longer range operation (to provide higher gain and to raise the antenna higher above the ground), you can use a cable to connect an external radio antenna to the TNC port. For more information on connecting the SPSx80 Smart GPS antenna, see the Chapter 5, Setting up the Receiver.

Button functions

The receiver has only one button, the Power button, represented in this manual by E .

Press as follows:

Action Power button

Turn on the receiver Press

Turn off the receiver Hold for 2 seconds

Delete the ephemeris file Hold for 15 seconds

Reset the receiver to factory defaults Hold for 15 seconds

Delete application files Hold for 30 seconds

to switch the receiver on or off, and to perform other functions, as described

Features and Functions 2

Note – The term “press” means to press the button and release it immediately. The term “hold” means to press the button and hold it down for the given time.

LED behavior

The three LEDs on the front panel of the receiver indicate various operating conditions. Generally, a lit or slowly flashing LED indicates normal operation, a LED that is flashing quickly indicates a condition that may require attention, and an unlit LED indicates that no operation is occurring. The following table defines each possible LED state:

The term … means that the LED …

Slow flash alternates on/off for 500 milliseconds.

Fast flash alternates rapidly on/off for 100 milliseconds

On is lit steady

Off is unlit

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 21

2 Features and Functions

LED flash patterns

The following table details the possible flash patterns to indicate various states of receiver operation.

Receiver mode Power LED

Green

Receiver OFF OFF OFF OFF

Receiver ON Healthy power ON N/A N/A

Low power Fast flash N/A N/A

Tracking <4 SVs ON N/A Fast flash

Tracking >4 SVs ON N/A Slow flash

Logging data internally Flashes off every

3 seconds

Receiving valid data packets ON Slow flash N/A

No data packets ON OFF N/A

Monitor mode ON Slow flash ON

Radio LED

Green

N/A N/A

Satellite LED

Amber

Note – If a column shows “N/A”, that specific LED may or may not be on, but it is not relevant to that particular mode.

22 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

CHAPTER

Batteries and Power 3

In this chapter:

Q External power

Q Battery safety

Q Battery performance

Q Charging the Lithium-ion

batteries

Q Storing the Lithium-ion battery

Q Disposing of the rechargeable

Lithium-ion battery

Q Operating the receiver with a

Trimble controller

The GPS receiver is powered by an internal Lithium-ion battery, which can be detached from the receiver for charging. The receiver can also be connected to an external power source through Port 1.

During measurement operations, each internal battery typically provides about 6.6 hours of power if using the internal RX (receive) radio and about 4.5 hours operating as a base station using the internal 450 MHz TX (transmit) radio. These times vary according to the type of measurement and the operating conditions.

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 23

3 Batteries and Power

External power

The GPS receiver uses an external power source in preference to its internal batteries. If the receiver is not connected to an external power source, or if the external power supply fails, the internal batteries are used.

While carrying out static measurements for postprocessed computations using the internal memory, if no external power is supplied and the internal battery is drained, the receiver shuts down. No data is lost and when power is restored, the receiver restarts in the same status as it was when power was lost.

Battery safety

The receiver is powered by one rechargable Lithium-ion battery. Charge and use the battery only in strict accordance with the instructions in this chapter.

WARNING – Do not damage the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery. A damaged battery

WARNING – Avoid contact with the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery if it appears to be

Battery performance

To optimize battery performance and extend battery life:

• Fully charge all new batteries before use.

• Batteries perform best when they are not used at extreme temperatures. The

receiver is designed to operate at –40 °C to +65 °C (–40 °F to +149 °F). However, operation at temperatures of less than 0 °C (32 °F) can cause a rapid drop in battery life.

• Do not allow a battery that is in storage to discharge to below 5 V.

24 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

Charging the Lithium-ion batteries

Batteries and Power 3

WARNING – Charge and use the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery only in strict

The rechargeable Lithium-ion batteries are supplied partially charged.

Note – Charge the battery completely before using it for the first time. If the battery has been stored for longer than three months, charge it before use.

To charge the battery, first remove the battery from the receiver, and then place it in one of the following battery chargers, which is connected to mains power:

• The dual-slot GPS battery charger (P/N 41114-00) and power supply

(P/N 48800-00):

• The five slot multi charger (P/N 49499-00) and power supply (P/N 51694):

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 25

3 Batteries and Power

Storing the Lithium-ion battery

If you must store a Lithium-ion battery for long periods, make sure that it is fully charged before it is stored, and that you charge it at least once every three months while it is stored.

Do not allow a battery that is in storage to discharge to below 5 V. A battery that reaches deep discharge level (5 V or less) cannot be recharged and must be replaced. (To protect a battery that is in use from deep discharge, the receiver switches power sources or stops drawing power when the battery pack discharges to 5.9 V.)

All batteries discharge over time when not in use, and they discharge faster in colder temperatures. Do not store the receiver at temperatures outside the range –40 °C to +70 °C (–40 °F to +158 °F).

Do not store the batteries in the receiver or in the external charger unless power is applied.

Keep all batteries on continuous charge when not in use. You can keep batteries on charge indefinitely without damage to the batteries.

Disposing of the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery

Discharge a Lithium-ion battery before disposing of it. Dispose of batteries in an environmentally sensitive manner, and adhere to any local and national regulations concerning battery disposal or recycling.

Operating the receiver with a Trimble controller

You can operate an SPS GPS receiver with any Trimble controller, for example, a TSC2 or TCU controller, that is running the SCS900 software. Typically, the receiver and the controller operate from their own individual power sources. The receiver and controller can communicate through Bluetooth wireless technology and can be connected without a cable. However, if a cable is required, the following information indicates which cable to use with which controller:

Controller Cable Controller connector Receiver connector

TSC2 P/N 18532 DSub9 DSub9

TCU P/N 5302007 6H (Marked “Com” on the controller

GPS holder)

TCU (alternative connection)

P/N 53004007 6H (Marked “Com” on the controller

GPS holder)

DSub9

7OS

26 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

CHAPTER

Setup Guidelines 4

In this chapter:

Q Base station operation guidelines

Q Rover operation guidelines

GPS Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) operation provides centimeter-level accuracy by eliminating errors that are present in the GPS system. For all RTK operations, you require both a base station and a rover receiver.

This chapter introduces the concepts of base station and rover operation, provides information to help you identify good setup locations, describes best practices for setting up the equipment, and outlines the precautions that you need to take to protect the equipment.

Note – This chapter provides setup information for all the receivers in the SPS GPS receiver family.

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 27

4 Setup Guidelines

Base station operation guidelines

A base station consists of a receiver that is placed at a known (and fixed) position. The receiver tracks the same satellites that are being tracked by the rover receiver, at the same time that the rover is tracking them. Errors in the GPS system are monitored at the fixed (and known) base station, and a series of position corrections are computed. The corrections are sent through a radio link to the rover receiver, where they are used to correct the real time positions of the rover.

Base station components

The base station has the following components:

• GPS receiver

• GPS antenna

• Base station radio

• Power supply

GPS receiver and GPS antenna

The base station GPS receiver can be one of following types:

• A Smart GPS antenna, such as the SPSx80, which incorporates a GPS receiver,

GPS antenna, power supply, and base station radio into a single compact unit. A Smart GPS antenna can be rapidly set up on a tripod, fixed height tripod, or T-Bar anywhere that is convenient on the jobsite.

• A Modular GPS receiver, such as the SPSx50, which incorporates a GPS receiver,

power supply, and base station radio in a single unit. The GPS antenna (and, optionally, the base station radio antenna) is separate from the receiver. Because the GPS antenna is separate, you can use the following optimized components:

– a geodetic antenna with large ground plane, to eliminate multipath (the

major source of GPS errors) at the base station

– a high gain or directional radio antenna, to increase broadcast range and to

provide maximum coverage

You can also place a modular GPS receiver in an easily accessible and secure location, safe from theft and the weather, while the antennas are placed high on a tower or building, clear of obstructions and able to deliver maximum performance.

You can use either type of receiver in a permanent, semi-permanent, or daily quick setup configuration. If semi-permanent or permanent operation is required, however, the modular receiver delivers significant advantages.

28 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

Base station setup guidelines

For good performance, observe the following base station setup guidelines:

• Place the GPS receiver in a location on the jobsite where equal range in all

directions provides full coverage of the site. This is more important on larger jobsites, where the broadcast range of the base station radio may limit the operations of the GPS system.

• Place the GPS antenna in a location that has a clear line of sight to the sky in all

directions. Do not place the GPS antenna near vertical obstructions such as buildings, deep cuttings, site vehicles, towers, or tree canopy.

• Place the GPS and radio antennas as high as practical. This minimizes

multipath from the surrounding area, and enables the radio to broadcast to the maximum distance.

Note – The GPS antenna must have a clear line of sight to the sky at all times during operation.

• Choose the most appropriate radio antenna for the size and footprint of the site.

The higher the gain on the antenna, the longer the range. If there is more focus on the transmission signal, there is a reduced coverage area. A 3 db or 5 db gain antenna provides a mix of good range and reasonable directional coverage.

Setup Guidelines 4

• Make sure that the GPS receiver does not lose power. The GPS receiver has an

integrated battery, which has to be charged. To operate for the full day without loss of power at the base station, provide external power. Sources of external power include:

–AC power

– 12 V car or truck battery

– Trimble custom external battery pack

– Generator power

–Solar panel

When you use an external power supply, the integrated battery provides a backup power supply, enabling you to maintain continuous operation through a mains power failure.

When the GPS receiver is connected to a power source greater than 15 V, the integrated battery is continuously charged from the connected power source. This helps to ensure that the battery stays charged (SPS770 and SPSx50 only).

• Do not locate a GPS receiver, GPS antenna, or radio antenna within 400 meters

(about 1312 feet) of:

– a powerful radar, television, or cellular communications tower

–another transmitter

– another GPS antenna

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 29

4 Setup Guidelines

Cellular phone towers can interfere with the base station radio broadcast and can stop corrections from reaching the rover receiver. High-power signals from a nearby radio or radar transmitter can overwhelm the receiver circuits. This does not harm the receiver, but can prevent the receiver electronics from functioning correctly.

Low-power transmitters, such as those in cellular phones and two-way radios, do not interfere with receiver operations.

• Do not set up the base station directly beneath or close to overhead power lines

or electrical generation facilities. The electromagnetic fields associated with these utilities can interfere with GPS receiver operation. Other sources of electromagnetic interference include:

– Gasoline engines (spark plugs)

– Televisions and computer monitors

– Alternators and generators

– Electric motors

–Equipment with DC-to-AC converters

– Fluorescent lights

–Switching power supplies

• Place the GPS receivers in a protected and secure location. If the base station is

in the center of a jobsite where heavy machinery is operating, place flags around the base station to warn operators of its existence.

• If you place the SPSx50 Modular GPS receiver or SPS770 GPS receiver in a lock

box on the jobsite to protect the receiver from theft or from the weather, shield the lock box from direct sunlight and provide ventilation for the receiver through an inlet and extractor fan. A receiver that has a broadcast radio generates significant heat. Do not allow the temperature in the box to exceed 65 ºC (149 ºF).

If working in a cold climate, you may need to provide heat to the receiver. Do not operate the receiver below –40 ºC (–40 ºF).

• Trimble recommends that, wherever possible, you keep GPS receiver equipment

dry. The receivers are designed to withstand wet weather, but keeping them dry prolongs their life and reduces the effects of corrosion on ports and connectors. If the equipment gets wet, use a clean dry cloth to dry the equipment, and then leave the equipment open to the air to dry. Do not lock wet equipment in a transport case for prolonged periods. Avoid exposing the GPS receiver to corrosive liquids and salt water wherever possible.

30 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

Setup Guidelines 4

• Trimble recommends that you install lightning protection equipment at

permanent base station locations. Equipment should include a gas capsule lightning protector in the GPS and radio antenna feed line and appropriate safety grounding. A static dissipater near the antennas can reduce the likelihood of a direct lightning strike. Also protect any communications and power lines at building entry points. For more information, contact your local Trimble dealer, or go to the Huber and Suhner website (www.hubersuhnerinc.com).

• Trimble recommends that you use surge protection equipment on all

permanently installed equipment.

Permanent installation antenna cabling for the SPSx50 Modular GPS

receiver and SPS770 GPS receiver

Many permanent base station installations have unique cabling requirements. Depending on the available infrastructure, you may need to mount the antenna a considerable distance from the receiver.

The SPSx50 and SPS770 can withstand a loss of 12 dB between the GPS antenna and the receiver. The degree of loss in a coaxial cable depends on the frequency of the signal passing through it. Table 4.1 lists some common cable types and the maximum length you can use before an inline amplifier for GPS frequencies is required.

Table 4.1 Maximum cable lengths

Cable type Maximum length (for use without an inline amplifier)

RG-214 30 m (100 ft)

LMR-400 70 m (230 ft)

LMR-500 85 m (280 ft)

LMR-600 106 m (350 ft)

Heliax LDF4/50 165 m (540 ft)

Heliax LDF4.5/40 225 m (740 ft)

Rover operation guidelines

The second part of the RTK GPS system is the rover receiver.

The rover receiver is mounted on a pole, vehicle, marine vessel, or in a backpack, and is moved between the points that require measurement or stakeout. The rover receiver is connected to a base station or to a source of RTK corrections such as a Virtual Reference Station (VRS) system. The connection is provided by an integrated radio, a

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 31

4 Setup Guidelines

cellular modem in the controller, or through an external cellular phone that is connected to the receiver either by Bluetooth wireless technology or by means of a cable.

The correction stream for some other positioning solutions, such as SBAS

(WAAS/EGNOS, and MSAS) and the OmniSTAR XP or HP service

, is broadcast through geostationary satellites, and detected by the GPS antenna itself. No integrated radio or base station is required.

Rover receiver components

The rover receiver has the following components:

• GPS receiver

• GPS antenna

• Optional integrated radio receiver and antenna for RTK operations

• Optional items for the different mounting options (see below)

In most rover applications, the receiver operates entirely from its own integrated battery unit. On a vehicle or on a marine vessel, however, an external power supply can be used. Use an external power supply if one is provided. The internal battery then acts as a uninterruptible power supply, covering any external power failures.

Choose a rover receiver according to the needs of the job:

• A Smart GPS antenna, such as the SPSx80, incorporates the GPS receiver, GPS

antenna, power supply, and receive radio into a single compact unit. A Smart GPS antenna can be rapidly set up on a pole, vehicle, or backpack. This makes it easy to carry when you are measuring around the jobsite.

• A Modular GPS receiver, such as the SPSx50, incorporates the GPS receiver,

receive radio, and power supply into a single unit. The GPS antenna and, optionally, the receive radio antenna, is separate from the receiver. When you use a modular GPS receiver as a rover, you can use optimized components placed in the best locations for your application. For example:

– A small, lightweight rover antenna can be mounted on a pole or backpack;

placed in a high, inaccessible location on a marine vessel mast or cabin; or placed on a site vehicle roof or truck bed.

– A rubber duck radio antenna, or an external radio antenna, can be

mounted on a vehicle or vessel roof to provide maximum coverage.

A Modular GPS receiver can be placed in a location that is both easily accessible and safe from theft and the weather. The antennas can be placed high on a vehicle or vessel roof, clear of obstructions and able to deliver maximum performance.

OmniSTAR is only available with the SPSx50 Modular GPS receiver.

32 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

Rover receiver setup guidelines

For good rover operation, observe the following setup guidelines:

• Place the GPS antenna in a location that has a clear line of sight to the sky in all

directions. Do not place the antenna near vertical obstructions such as buildings, deep cuttings, site vehicles, towers, or tree canopy. GPS rovers and the base station receive the same satellite signals from the same satellites: if you obscure the signals at times, the system will be unable to provide RTK Fixed positions.

• Place the GPS and radio antennas as high as possible to minimize multipath

from the surrounding area. The receiver must have a clear line of sight to the sky at all times during operation.

• GPS satellites are constantly moving. Because you cannot measure at a specific

location now does not mean that you will not be able to measure there later, when satellite coverage or location improves. Use GPS planning software to identify the daily best and worst satellite coverage times for your location, and then choose measurement times that coincide with optimal GPS performance. This is especially important when operating in the worst GPS locations.

• The SPS770 Extreme, the SPS850 Extreme, and SPS880 Extreme can track the

GPS L2C modernization signal. Additionally, the SPS850 Extreme and SPS880 Extreme can track the GPS L5 modernization signal and the GLONASS satellite constellation. These signals help you to get positions at the worst times of the day and in the worst GPS locations, but do not guarantee that you will.

Setup Guidelines 4

• To get a fixed position solution with centimeter accuracy, initialize the rover

receiver. For initialization to take place, the receiver must track at least five satellites that the base station is also tracking. In a dual-satellite constellation operation, for example, GPS and GLONASS, the receiver must track at least six satellites.

• To maintain a fixed position solution, the rover must continuously track at least

four satellites that the base station is also tracking. In a dual-satellite constellation operation, for example, GPS and GLONASS, the receiver must track at least five satellites.The radio link between the base and rover receivers must also be maintained.

• Loss of the satellite signals or loss of the radio link results in a loss of centimeter

position accuracy. From Fixed, the receiver changes to Float or Autonomous mode:

– In Float mode, the rover has connection to the base station through a radio,

but has not yet initialized.

– In Autonomous mode, the rover has lost radio contact with the base

station receiver, and is working by itself with the available GPS signals.

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 33

4 Setup Guidelines

• On a vehicle or marine vessel, place the GPS antenna in a location as free from

shock and vibration as possible. For the modular receivers, a single magnetic mount is normally sufficient to hold the antenna in a suitable location, whereas for the larger smart antenna, a triple magnetic mount is normally recommended. Good alternatives include a 5/8" thread bolt in a suitable location on the roof bars, or a door-mounted pole bracket.

CAUTION – The SPS880 Extreme is not suited to on-vehicle operation where it will be subject to heavy vibration, that is, operation in rough ungraded terrain. Use in these conditions can damage the SPS880 Extreme.

• To mount the modular receiver on a pole, use two pole mounting brackets and a

second tripod clip (P/N 571 204 300). See Figure 4.1.

Figure 4.1 Rod mount for modular receiver

To mount the modular receiver on a marine vessel, use the receiver bracket (P/N 56830-00). For marine moving base and heading applications, use the receiver bracket to mount two receivers together.

34 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

Setup Guidelines 4

• Make sure that the rover receiver does not lose power. An SPSx50 is typically

powered by its internal battery. You cannot change the battery, but the charge typically lasts for longer than a working day. The batteries in the SPSx80 can be changed when flat. (See Chapter 3, Batteries and Power). If you do not use the rover receiver very often, ensure that it is charged at least every three months. For vehicle operation or marine vessel operation, Trimble recommends that you use an external power source so that the internal battery can be saved for times when the receiver is being used off the vehicle or vessel.

• Do not locate the receiver or antenna within 400 meters (1312 ft) of powerful

radar, television, cellular communications tower, or other transmitters or GPS antennas. Low-power transmitters, such as those in cellular phones and two-way radios, normally do not interfere with receiver operations. Cellular towers can interfere with the radio and can interfere with GPS signals entering the receiver. High-power signals from a nearby radio or radar transmitter can overwhelm the receiver circuits. This does not harm the receiver, but it can prevent the receiver electronics from functioning correctly.

• Do not use the rover receiver directly beneath or close to overhead power lines

or electrical generation facilities. The electromagnetic fields associated with these utilities can interfere with GPS receiver operation. Other sources of electromagnetic interference include:

– gasoline engines (spark plugs)

– televisions and computer monitors

– alternators and generators

– electric motors

–equipment with DC-to-AC converters

– fluorescent lights

– switching power supplies

• Trimble recommends that, wherever possible, all GPS receiver equipment is

protected from rain or water. Although, the receivers are designed to withstand all wet weather conditions, keeping the receivers dry prolongs the life of the equipment and reduces the effects of corrosion on ports and connectors. If the equipment gets wet, use a clean dry cloth to dry the equipment, and then leave the equipment open to the air to dry. Do not lock wet equipment in a transport case for prolonged periods. Wherever possible, avoid exposing the GPS receiver to corrosive liquids and salt water.

• If you are using the rover receiver in open spaces, Trimble recommends that you

stop work during electrical storms where the risk of lightning strike is high.

• Where cables are involved, Trimble recommends that you use cable ties to

secure the cables to the rod or other equipment to avoid inadvertent snagging while moving about the jobsite. Be careful not to kink, twist, or unnecessarily extend cables, and avoid trapping them in vehicle doors or windows. Damage to cables can reduce the performance of GPS equipment.

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 35

4 Setup Guidelines

Cellular modem and external radio

Internal radio setup for rover operations

The internal radio of the SPS GPS receiver is delivered with the transmit (Tx) radio frequencies preprogrammed into the receiver. To add receive (Rx) radio frequencies to 450 MHz radios, use the WinFlash utility (see Appendix C, Adding Internal Radio Frequencies). Radio frequences cannot be added to the 900 MHz radios.

Once the radio frequencies are configured, use the controller or receiver to select channel frequencies during base station or rover setup operations.

Instead of the internal radio, you can use a cellular modem or an external radio as your data communications link.

To connect a cellular modem to an SPSx80 Smart GPS antenna, you need the following:

• SPSx80 Smart GPS antenna.

• One of the following:

– TSC2 controller with CompactFlash card cellular modem, for example, a

Audiovox modem card

– Cellular modem or a cellular phone that can transmit data

• Serial (cellphone to DB9) cable (supplied with the cellular modem or phone).

• Port 2 of the SPSx80 supports full RS-232 protocol, and should function properly

with most cellular phone cables. Some cellular units may require custom cabling.

Alternatively, the receiver also supports a cable-free Bluetooth connection with Bluetooth-enabled cell phones.

For more information on using a cellular modem as a data link, refer to the SCS900 Site

Controller Software Getting Started Guide and SCS900 Site Controller Software Office Guide.

36 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

CHAPTER

Setting up the Receiver 5

In this chapter:

Q Connecting the receiver to

external devices

Q Common ways to set up a base

station

Q Common ways to set up a rover

receiver

In this chapter, recommendations for setting up the receiver as a base station or for rover operations are provided. The recommendations cover a variety of common use scenarios.

Note – This chapter provides setup information for all the receivers in the SPS GPS receiver family.

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 37

5 Setting up the Receiver

Connecting the receiver to external devices

You can connect an SPSx80 to the following devices:

• a Trimble controller running Trimble SCS900 Site Controller software

• an external radio-modem

Trimble controller with SCS900 Site Controller software

To connect a Trimble controller that is running the SCS900 Site Controller software to an SPS GPS receiver, use Bluetooth wireless technology (for all except the SPS770 GPS receiver) or a serial cable. Table 5.1 shows how to connect the cables for each combination of SPS GPS receiver and Trimble controller.

Table 5.1 Connecting to a Trimble controller running the SCS900 Site Controller software

Use this cable connector …

To connect a SPSx50 Modular GPS receiver to a …

TSC2 DB9 TSC2 32960

Lemo SPSx50

TCU 6-pin Hirose TCU 53004007

Lemo SPSx50

TSCe™ Lemo TSCe 31288-xx

Lemo SPSx50 This cable is available in different lengths. The

ACU 4-pin Hirose ACU 44147

Lemo SPSx50

To connect a SPS770 Modular GPS receiver to a …

TSC2 DB9 TSC2 32960

Lemo (Port 1) SPS770

TCU 6-pin Hirose TCU 53004007

Lemo (Port 1) SPS770

TSCe Lemo TSCe 31288-xx

Lemo (Port 1) SPS770 This cable is available in different lengths. The

ACU 4-pin Hirose ACU 44147

Lemo SPS770

To connect a SPSx80 Smart GPS antenna to a …

TSC2 DB9 TSC2 32960

Lemo (Port 1) SPSx80

TCU 6-pin Hirose TCU 53004007

Lemo (Port 1) SPSx80

TSCe Lemo TSCe 31288-xx

Lemo (Port 1) SPSx80 This cable is available in different lengths. The

and connect the cable to …

Cable part number

-xx indicates the length of the cable, in meters.

38 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

Setting up the Receiver 5

Table 5.1 Connecting to a Trimble controller running the SCS900 Site Controller software (cont)

Use this cable connector …

ACU 4-pin Hirose ACU 44147

Lemo SPSx80

and connect the cable to …

Cable part number

External radio-modems

The most common data link for Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) operation is a radio. The SPSx80 is available with the following internal radios:

• 410 – 430 MHz (Tx/Rx, Rx only, or Tx only)

• 430 – 450 MHz (Tx/Rx, Rx only, or Tx only)

• 450 – 470 MHz (Tx/Rx, Rx only, or Tx only)

• 900 MHz (Rx only)

Note – “Tx” indicates that the radio transmits corrections. “Rx” indicates that the receiver receives corrections. “Tx/Rx” indicates that the radio both transmits and receives corrections.

If the SPSx80 does not have an internal transmit radio, or you want to connect to a higher powered external transmit radio or cellular modem, use the DB9 port, the Lemo port, or Bluetooth wireless technology.

The SPS780 supports the following Trimble base radios:

• TRIMMARK 3

• Trimble SNB900

• Trimble PDL450

• Trimble HPB450

The receiver also supports third-party transparent radios and third-party cellular modems.

To use an external radio with the SPSx80, you need an external power source for the radio—except for the SNB900 radio, which contains an internal battery. To configure the radio modem separately, use the external radio’s configuration program, or display and keypad.

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 39

5 Setting up the Receiver

Common ways to set up a base station

You can set up a base station in different ways depending on the application, coverage area, degree of permanence versus mobility, and available infrastructure. Before you set up a base station, please read Chapter 4, Setup Guidelines.

Setting up a base station for permanent or semi-permanent installation

For construction applications, where machine and site positioning operations using GPS will be carried out over a long time (weeks, months, or years), ensure that you choose the base station location carefully.

A semi-permanent or permanent base station helps to eliminate the types of error that can result from repeated daily setups, and ensures that you always use the GPS antenna at the exact original location. The requirement for a permanent base station setup increases as more receivers that use the base station as a source of corrections, increases the cost of any base station downtime.

On the largest jobsites, and on those that remain operational for the longest time, a permanent or semi-permanent installation is a popular solution. An SPSx50 or SPS770 GPS receiver is typically used as the base station, located in a site office or trailer where it is easy to access (to check or configure), and where it is secure from theft and the weather. The GPS and radio antennas are normally mounted on a permanent structure on the roof of the building, where they are high and clear from obstructions and where the radio antenna can provide the maximum range of operation.

The GPS antenna most commonly used is the Trimble Zephyr Geodetic This antenna has a large ground plane that eliminates multipath, providing the best GPS performance at the base location. The antennas are connected to the receiver by high quality RF cables.

™

Model 2.

The receiver is connected to a permanent power supply (mains or generator power). The internal battery of the receiver is always being charged, and acts as an uninterruptible power supply if there is a power failure. In some cases, the receiver may also be connected by an Ethernet cable to the Internet, so that it can be monitored and configured from a remote location, and can warn an administrator by e-mail or text message if there is a change to the configuration. In these situations, the receiver can transmit GPS RTK corrections to a remote radio or receiver over the Internet, for rebroadcast requirements, without using repeaters.

40 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

Setting up the Receiver 5

Figure 5.1 SPSx50 receiver permanent installation

Setting up a base station for daily site use: T-Bar

For construction applications where a daily setup and takedown of equipment is required for security reasons, Trimble recommends that you use a T-Bar setup.

The T-Bar consists of a post mounted in concrete (so it cannot move), which has a solid metal T-Bar mounted to it to provide lateral separation between the GPS antenna and radio antenna. The T piece of the T-Bar has a vertical rod at each end. Each end terminates in a 5/8"×11 thread to which the antennas can be mounted. Trimble recommends that one end is clearly marked GPS and the other end is clearly marked Radio so that at each daily setup, the GPS and radio antennas are mounted at the same location. Switching antennas by mistake introduces a position error in all resulting measurements. You can buy the parts you need to make a T-Bar from any reputable hardware store. Make certain that the T-Bar cannot rotate after construction. Rotation of the T-Bar can introduce a position error into all subsequent measurements.

On the upright post, mount either a bracket (to which the GPS receiver can be mounted), or a well-ventilated lockbox (in which the GPS receiver itself can be secured).

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 41

5 Setting up the Receiver

Each day, mount the GPS antenna on the GPS end of the T-Bar and the radio antenna on the Radio end of the T-Bar. Connect the antennas to the receiver using the appropriate cables.The receiver uses its own integrated battery, or an external 12 V battery through the 12 V crocodile clips cable that are provided with the receiver. If you choose to use AC power, remember that the heat generated by the charging process and the radio transmitter increases the need for good ventilation around the receiver.

In such scenarios, an SPSx80 Smart GPS antenna is also often used. Simply mount the SPSx80 on the T-Bar, and optionally connect to an external battery or radio unit.

Advantages

Use of a T-Bar setup ensures that the base station is set up with exactly the same position and height every day. This helps eliminate the errors typically associated with daily tripod setup. For example, wrong antenna height, base not set up over the point, base set up in the wrong location.

Radio

GPS

Figure 5.2 System set up on a T-bar showing an external radio antenna to gain longer

range

Setting up a mobile base station: Tripod and fixed height tripod

If you are repeatedly moving between jobsites, or if you are visiting a jobsite for the first time before a T-Bar or similar setup can be established, Trimble recommends that you use either a tripod and tribrach setup, or a fixed height tripod.

The fixed height tripod is quicker and easier to set up over a control point. Take great care to ensure that the GPS antenna is set up accurately over the control point, and that the GPS antenna height is measured accurately, in the right way (vertical or slope

42 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

Setting up the Receiver 5

height) to the right location on the antenna (base of antenna or to a specified location on the antenna). When you start the rover receiver, it is extremely important to check in, at one or more known locations, to check for possible position or height errors. Checking in at a known location is good practice and can avoid costly errors caused by a bad setup.

Typically, the tripod and fixed height tripod methods do not give significant height clearance above the ground, and can reduce the range of operation caused by radio limitations.

Tripod and tribrach setup

In the tripod setup, the tripod is located over the control point, and the tribrach and tribrach adaptor is mounted on the tripod and centered over the point.

1. Mount the GPS antenna on the tribrach adaptor.

– If you are using a SPSx80 Smart GPS antenna, use the 25 cm spacer rod

provided with the SPSx80 base station accessory kit. This allows the radio antenna in the receiver to clear the head of the tripod.

2. Clip the GPS receiver to the tripod (SPSx50 and SPS770 only).

3. Connect the GPS antenna to the receiver using the appropriate cable (SPSx50 and SPS770 only).

4. If necessary, connect the GPS receiver to an external 12 V power supply. Use the crocodile clip cable or the Trimble custom power pack.

SPSx50 with a low-gain “rubber duck” antenna

Figure 5.3 Tripod and tribrach setup for the SPSx50 and the SPSx80

SPSx50 with an external high-gain antenna

SPSx80 with an internal 450 MHz TX radio

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 43

5 Setting up the Receiver

Fixed height tripod setup

A fixed height tripod setup is similar to a tripod setup, but is simplified by the central leg of the tripod, that is placed directly on the control point. If the central leg is leveled accurately, the fixed height tripod is quick and easy to set up, and provides an accurate way to measure the true antenna height.

1. Set up the tripod over the control point.

2. Attach the GPS antenna to the head of the tripod.

3. If using an external high-gain radio antenna, mount the radio antenna to the

4. If using the SPSx50 Modular GPS receiver, hook the receiver to the center leg of

5. If using the SPSx80 Smart GPS antenna, you can mount the antenna using the

radio antenna bracket that is attached to the head of the tripod (beneath the GPS antenna). See Figure 5.4.

the tripod, using the tripod clip.

25 cm spacer rod (supplied with the SPSx80 Base Station Accessory kit) so that the radio antenna clears the head of the tripod.

Radio antenna bracket

SPSx50 with a low-gain “rubber duck” antenna

Figure 5.4 Fixed height tripod setup for the SPSx50 and SPSx80

SPSx50 with an external highgain radio antenna

SPSx80 with an internal 450 MHz TX radio on a fixed height tripod

44 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

Common ways to set up a rover receiver

You can set up a rover receiver in different ways depending on the application. The components that make up a rover receiver are:

• GPS receiver

• GPS antenna

• controller/computer

• rod mounting equipment, including a rod, receiver bracket, and controller

bracket

• vehicle mounting equipment, including a suction cup and ball joint, extension

arm, controller bracket, magnetic antenna mount, and necessary cables.

• backpack equipment, including backpack and antenna-mounting rod

• marine vessel mounting equipment, including receiver bracket, cables, antenna,

and radio antenna brackets.

Setting up the rover receiver on a jobsite vehicle

Setting up the Receiver 5

CAUTION – This following rover setup is suited only to offroad (jobsite) vehicle use. Do not use this method on a vehicle that is driven at speed or in traffic.

1. Do one of the following, depending on your receiver:

– SPSx50 or SPS770: Mount the GPS antenna for the receiver on the roof of

the vehicle. Use a single magnetic mount or a 5/8"×11 thread bolt attached to the roof bars. Run the GPS antenna cable for the receiver into the vehicle either through a rubber grommet in the roof, or through the passenger door window, which needs to be left slightly open during operation.

– SPSx80: Mount the receiver on the roof of the vehicle. Use a triple magnetic

mount or a 5/8"×11 thread bolt attached to the roof bars.

2. Place and secure the GPS receiver in a convenient location in the vehicle.

The GPS receiver can be controlled through the controller connected using Bluetooth wireless technology (SPSx50 or SPSx80) or a cable connected to a port on the receiver (SPS770).

The receiver needs to be accessed only to turn it on at the start of each measurement session. It may be more convenient if the SPSx50 is placed in a location where the vehicle operator can see the keypad and display, to monitor receiver status and to configure settings as required. Most receiver capability can be controlled using the SCS900 Site Controller software.

3. Attach the suction cup to the front windscreen, dashboard, or other convenient location in the vehicle, making sure that it does not obstruct the driver’s view.

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 45

5 Setting up the Receiver

4. Attach the RAM extension arm to the suction cup, and the controller bracket to

5. Lock the controller into the controller bracket and then adjust the bracket until

6. Lock the brackets so that the controller is held securely. If required, connect

the RAM extension arm.

the controller is in the most convenient location. Make sure that the controller does not restrict visibility through the front windscreen during vehicle use.

either the GPS receiver or the controller to an in-vehicle power supply as needed.

Figure 5.5 Configuring SPSx50 from the cab. A Zephyr Model 2 antenna is mounted on

the roof

46 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

Setting up the rover receiver on a rod

For rod-based operation, mount the SPSx50 Modular GPS receiver as follows:

1. Mount the two rod brackets on the rod.

2. Tighten the top bracket, making sure that it is at a convenient height for the receiver.

3. Place the receiver in the slot in the rod bracket, and secure with the tripod clip.

4. Move the lower rod bracket down until it is over the second tripod clip on the receiver, and then tighten the rod bracket onto the rod. The receiver is held in place between the two brackets.

5. Insert the controller into the controller bracket as shown opposite.

6. Use the 5/8" thread to attach the GPS antenna to the top of the rod.

Setting up the Receiver 5

7. Use the GPS antenna cable to connect GPS antenna to the receiver.

For rod-based operation, mount the SPSx80 Smart GPS antenna as follows:

1. Mount the receiver on the top of the rod using the 5/8"×11 thread in the base of the SPSx80.

2. Insert the controller into the controller bracket.

3. The SPSx80 and controller communicates through Bluetooth wireless technology. However, if a cable is required, connect the cable between the controller and receiver (see Figure 5.6 through Figure 5.7).

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 47

5 Setting up the Receiver

P/N 53002007

P/N 32960

Cabled connections Bluetooth connections

Figure 5.6 Connections for a rover SPSx80 setup, a TSC2 or TCU controller, and a 450 Mhz base station

P/N 53002007

Figure 5.7 Cabled connections for an SPSx80 setup, a TSC2 or TCU controller, and a 900 Mhz base station

<<diagram being updated>>

P/N 32960

(with external power)

P/N 312888-02

P/N 46125-00

Setting up a rover receiver on a belt or in a backpack

If you prefer to work free of the weight of a pole, you can mount the rover receiver on a belt (SPS770 or SPSx50 only) or carry it in/on a backpack (all receivers). When you wear the receiver on a belt, ensure that the display is always visible so that you can easily check the status of the receiver. If you carry the receiver in a backpack, use an external radio antenna mount to allow for optimal radio signal reception. If you use a low gain antenna mounted directly on the receiver in a backpack, it may affect the radio signal reception and reduce the likelihood of obtaining an RTK Fixed solution.

48 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

Setting up the Receiver 5

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 49

5 Setting up the Receiver

50 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

CHAPTER

Configuring the Receiver Settings 6

In this chapter:

Q Using the SCS900 Site Controller

software to configure the base station, the rover, and the radios

Q Configuring the receiver to log

data for postprocessing

Q Configuring the receiver in real

time

Q Configuring the receiver using

application files

Q Creating and editing the

configuration files that control the receiver

You can configure the SPS GPS receiver family in a variety of ways. This chapter describes the different configuration methods, and explains when and why each method is used.

The SPS770 and SPSx80 receivers have no controls for changing settings. To configure these receivers:

• In real time, use external software such as

the HYDROpro Configurator or WinFlash utility.

• In an application file, use the Configuration

Toolbox utility.

The SCS900 Site Controller software is likely to be your main tool to set up and operate the receiver on a daily basis. All necessary field configurations are handled through the SCS900 software running on a TSC2 or TCU controller. For more information, refer to the Trimble SCS900 Site

Controller Software Getting Started Guide or the Trimble SCS900 Site Controller Software Office Guide.

™

software, or the GPS

The external software detailed in this chapter is primarily used to update the receiver firmware and to configure upgrades or radio channels.

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 51

6 Configuring the Receiver Settings

Using the SCS900 Site Controller software to configure the base station, the rover, and the radios

As part of a total system solution for construction applications, the SPS GPS receivers are operated by a TSCe, ACU, TCU, or TSC2 controller running the SCS900 Site Controller software. The SCS900 Site Controller software provides the tools to configure and start the GPS receiver in the modes used by the SCS900 system: Base Station, RTK Rover, DGPS Rover, OmniSTAR rover, SBAS Rover (using WAAS/EGNOS and MSAS). Wizards help you through the process and, where possible, assign suitable default operational parameters to the system. This eliminates the need for an operator to know how to configure the receiver with the right settings.

The SCS900 Site Controller software manages:

• the radio, whether internal or external

• all cellular communications components, such as modems and cellphones

• the use of the Bluetooth wireless technology

The software also scans communication ports on the receiver to identify connected devices. If the software cannot automatically identify the connected component, for example, a GPS antenna, it offers options (often with graphics) to help you manually select the correct component.

The SCS900 Site Controller software allows you to set operational tolerances and settings (such as those shown below), which must be achieved before measurements can be accepted. When outside of these tolerances, the SCS900 Site Controller software warns you through on-screen messages or indications, and the nonautomatic acceptance of recorded positions. To set operational tolerances, go to the the Settings menu in the SCS900 Site Controller software.

Ctrl+M to open this screen and change the angle below which the receiver will not track satellites

Example 2: Use the Sky Plot screen toExample 1: From the Sky Plot screen, press set if the receiver will track GLONASS satellites

52 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

Configuring the Receiver Settings 6

Configuring the receiver to log data for postprocessing

The SPS GPS receivers do not come equipped with the Data Logging option. The receivers can have this added either at the time of purchase, or at a later date as an option. With the Data Logging option enabled, the receiver has available memory that facilitates the collection of GPS observations over a period of time, and that can be used with GPS postprocessing software such as the Trimble Geomatics Office computation of control networks and baselines.

Note – The SCS900 system does not support postprocessed applications. Trimble recommends that you use either the front panel keypad and display, the Web User Interface, or (SPS770, SPSx80 only) the GPS Configurator software to configure the receiver for postprocessed measurement sessions.

Configuring the receiver in real time

The SPS770 and SPSx80 receivers can be configured in real time by the GPS Configurator software.

When you configure the receiver in real time, you use the software to specify which settings you want to change. When you apply the changes, the receiver settings change immediately.

™

for the

Any changes that you apply to the receiver are reflected in the current application file, which is always present in the receiver. The current application file always records the most recent configuration, so if you apply further changes (either in real time or using an application file) the current file is updated and there is no record of the changes that you applied originally.

Configuring the receiver using application files

An application file contains information for configuring a receiver. To configure a receiver using an application file, you need to create the application file, transfer it to the receiver and then apply the file’s settings. The GPS Configurator software does this automatically when you work with configuration files.

Overview

An application file is organized into records. Each record stores configuration information for a particular area of receiver operation. Application files can include the following records:

• File Storage

• General Controls

• Serial Port Baud Rate/Format

• Reference Position

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 53

6 Configuring the Receiver Settings

• Logging Rate

• SV Enable/Disable

• Output Message

• Antenna

• Device Control

• Static/Kinematic

• Input Message

An application file does not have to contain all of these records. When you apply an application file, any option that is not included in the records in the file remains at its current setting. For example, if you apply an application file that only specifies the elevation mask to use, all other settings remain as they were before the application file was applied.

You can store up to twenty different application files in the receiver. You can apply an application file’s settings at the time it is transferred to the receiver, or at any time afterwards.

Special application files

The receiver has three special application files, which control important aspects of the receiver’s configuration.

Default application file

The default application file (Default.cfg) contains the original receiver configuration, and cannot be changed. This file configures the receiver after it is reset. You can reset the receiver by pressing GPS Configurator software.

For more information, see Chapter 8, Default Settings.

Although you cannot change or delete the default application file, you can use a power up application file to override any or all of the default settings.

Current application file

The current application file (Current.cfg) reflects the current receiver configuration. Whenever you change the receiver’s configuration, either in real time or by applying an application file, the current file changes to match the new configuration.

You cannot delete the current file or change it directly, but every change to the receiver’s current configuration is applied to the current file as well.

for at least 15 seconds, or by using the reset option in the

When you switch off the receiver then turn it on again, all the settings from the current application file are applied, so you do not lose any changes that you have made. The only exceptions are the following logging parameters:

• Logging rate

54 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

Configuring the Receiver Settings 6

• Position rate

• Elevation mask

These parameters are always reset to the factory default values whenever the receiver is switched off.

Power Up application file

The power up application file (Power_up.cfg) is used to set the receiver to a specific configuration any time the unit is powered up.

In this file, you can specify that the receiver is reset to defaults before the power up settings are applied. This ensures that restarting the receiver always resets it to factory defaults prior to applying the power up application file.

Alternatively, you can specify that the power up settings are applied immediately after the current application file’s settings have been applied. Restarting the receiver results in a configuration that uses your default settings for the options you define in the power up file, but the current settings for all other options.

By default, there is no power_up application file on the receiver. To use a power up application file, you must create and save a power_up application file in the GPS Configurator software. If you save this file to disk, the file is called power_up.cfg. The extension .cfg is used, by convention, to identify application files on the office computer. When you transfer this file to the receiver, the file is saved on the receiver as power_up, and becomes the new power up file.

The power up file is the only special application file that you can overwrite or delete from the receiver.

Applying application files

An application file’s settings do not affect the receiver’s configuration until you apply the application file. You can do this at the same time that you save the file. Alternatively, you can save the file on the computer or in the receiver, then open it later and apply its settings.

Storing application files

You can store application files that you create in the GPS Configurator software on the receiver and on the computer. For example, each file can represent a different user sharing the same receiver, or a particular mode of operation. Saving application files on your computer as well as in your receiver is optional, but it is useful because:

• it gives you a permanent copy of the settings you have sent to a receiver, for

audit or your own reference.

• you can use the same file to configure multiple receivers identically.

• you can use an existing application file as a template to create other application

files with similar settings.

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 55

6 Configuring the Receiver Settings

Naming application files

The application filename in the office computer and in the receiver are always the same. This makes it easier to recognize and keep track of your application files.

When you change the name of the application file in the receiver, this changes the application filename on your computer. When you transfer an application file from the receiver and save it to the computer, the system renames the file to match the internal receiver file. However, if you use Windows Explorer, for example, to change the .cfg filename on the computer, this does not change the internal receiver filename. This means that the GPS receiver does not recognize the change to the filename on the computer.

Creating and editing the configuration files that control the receiver

The Configuration Toolbox software enables you to create and edit GPS receiver configuration files. The settings in these files control the operation of the GPS receiver. The GPS receiver configuration file can then be copied and sent to the receiver.

You can also create a file, called an application file or appfile, (*.cfg), which contains all the receiver settings necessary for a particular job or application. Application files can be stored on both the receiver and computer. Multiple files can be maintained to represent multiple users sharing a device and/or multiple modes of operation. You can also save files to audit the operating settings of a receiver.

For applications requiring real-time positions in any coordinate system other than WGS-84, you need the Configuration Toolbox software to define and transfer the necessary coordinate system and transformation parameters.

A maximum of ten files can be stored in the receiver. This includes the files default.cfg and current.cfg, which always reside in the receiver.

Note – If you use the SCS900 Site Controller software in the field, you do not need to use the Configuration Toolbox software to set up the transformation parameters. This is done through the Site Calibration process in the SCS900 software.

Installing the Configuration Toolbox software

You can install the Configuration Toolbox software from the Trimble SPS GPS Receiver CD that is shipped with your receiver, or download it from the Trimble website.

The Configuration Toolbox software requires one serial port dedicated to receiver communications.

Installing new versions of the Configuration Toolbox software updates the Coordinate System Library. If you have calibrated sites stored on your computer, save them as receiver configuration files. This ensures that the coordinate system information for particular sites are not overwritten.

56 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

Configuring the Receiver Settings 6

Installing new versions of the Configuration Toolbox software into a directory containing a previous version overwrites the older program and data files. By default, application files located in the root installation folder, C:\TOOLBOX, are moved to the APPFILE\ subfolder.

The installation program creates the subfolders shown in Table 6.1 within the installation folder.

Table 6.1 Subfolders within the installation folder

Subfolder Description

bin\ Contains the Configuration Toolbox executable file (ctoolbox.exe) and

dynamic link libraries (*.dll).

appfiles\ This is the preferred directory for storing application files. Existing application

files from earlier versions of Configuration Toolbox are moved here during the installation.

cseditor\ Contains the Coordinate System Editor executable file (cseditor.exe), dynamic

link libraries (*.dll), and help files.

geolib\ Contains the geodetic database files used by the Configuration Toolbox

software and the Coordinate System Editor software.

Configuring the receiver using the Configuration Toolbox software

1. Select Start / Programs / Trimble / Configuration Toolbox.

2. Select File / New /SPSx80 or SPS770.

3. Make the appropriate selections for your receiver settings. For more information, see the Help and the Configuration Toolbox User Guide.

4. To save the application file, select File / Save As.

Make sure that you specify the same 8-character file name when you save the file both in the computer and on the receiver, as shown in the Configuration File dialog:

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 57

6 Configuring the Receiver Settings

Transmitting the application file to the receiver

1. Connect the data/power cable (part number 32345) to the receiver and the computer.

2. Connect the O-shell Lemo connector to the receiver port.

3. Connect the female DB9 connector to the computer.

4. Connect the power leads of the data/power cable to the power supply.

5. To open the application file you require, select File / Open.

6. With the file open and the Configuration File dialog open, select Communications / Transmit File.

A message appears when the application file is successfully transmitted. If an error occurs, select Communications / Transmit File again. This overrides any incompatibility in baud rates and enables successful communication.

To check the successful transmission, close the Configuration File dialog and then select Communications / Get File. A list of all application files in the receiver appears.

If you clicked

Apply Immediately in the application file, the new file will be the

current file.

To change files, select the required file from the list and then select Communications / Activate File.

58 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

CHAPTER

AutoBase Feature 7

In this chapter:

Q Setting Up a Base Station

Q Best practice

Q Antenna type

Q Scenarios

Q Scenario One: Base station

setup on first visit to a site

Q Scenario Two: Base station

setup on a repeat visit to that site

Q Scenario Three: The stored

base station position seems to be missing

Q Flowchart showing the AutoBase

process

The Trimble SPS880 Extreme Smart GPS antenna features AutoBase the following advantages:

• Reduced risk of a setup that uses incorrect

base station coordinates.

• Reduced daily setup times for a mobile base

station. When you use an SPS880 Extreme Smart GPS antenna as a base station receiver, you do not need to reconfigure the receiver at the start of each day.

The AutoBase feature is a function of the version

3.x receiver firmware, which supports both GPS modernization (L2C and L5 signals) and GLONASS signals. You cannot turn off the AutoBase warning feature in the SPS880 Extreme Smart GPS antenna.

Note – With the SPS880 Extreme Smart GPS antenna, always start a base station setup by using the SCS900 Site Controller software to initialize the SPS880 Extreme Smart GPS antenna on a new point. See page 60.

™

technology, which provides

Please read this chapter even if you have used the AutoBase feature in other Trimble receivers. New functions now provide even greater benefits.

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 59

7 AutoBase Feature

Setting Up a Base Station

The AutoBase feature influences how you set up an SPS880 Extreme Smart GPS antenna as a base station. Before the receiver can transmit RTK corrections (that is, operate as an RTK base station), the current position of the receiver must correspond to a previous base station position. The base station position—latitude, longitude, and height—must be part of the GPS site calibration.

Note – There is no need to configure the base station receiver settings manually.

1. To perform the first base station setup at a new location, always use the SCS900 Site Controller software to initialize the SPS880 Extreme Smart GPS antenna on a new point. You generally do this only once, the first time that you occupy the point, but see the Caution below.

When the base station setup is complete, the receiver generates and stores an application file that contains the parameters for that location.

CAUTION – When you perform a future base station setup at the same location, the receiver assumes that there has been no change to either the antenna height or the antenna height measurement method used previously. It is therefore essential that you keep the antenna height constant between setups. If there is any risk that the antenna height might have changed, you must use the SCS900 Site Controller software to start (and so reset) the SPS880 Extreme Smart GPS antenna. From the SCS900 Site Controller software, select Start Base Station.

2. To perform a future base station setup at the same location, simply press the

Best practice

After each new base station setup, and at the start of every measurement session, Trimble recommends that you measure one known point to verify that the position and height errors are within tolerance. The measurement takes only a few seconds, but can eliminate the gross errors typically associated with daily base station setup.

Power key on the receiver. The receiver turns on, determines its location, finds

the appropriate application file, initializes the settings, and starts to broadcast RTK CMR+ corrections through the internal radio or through the external radio (whichever radio was used the previous time).

If the receiver uses an external radio, such as an SNB900 radio, the AutoBase

feature raises the Bluetooth

wireless connection to the radio. If a Bluetooth connection is not used, the AutoBase feature searches the receiver communications ports for the external radio. When the receiver finds the external radio, the receiver transmits RTK CMR+ corrections to the radio.

Antenna type

The selected antenna type determines which options are available for determining the antenna height. The AutoBase feature uses an antenna type of “R8 Model 2 /SPS880 Internal.”

60 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

Scenarios

These scenarios describe what you may experience when using AutoBase technology.

Note – The AutoBase Warning feature is always turned on in an SPS880 Extreme Smart GPS antenna.

Scenario One: Base station setup on first visit to a site

• You set up the base station receiver on a point that you have not previously used

as a base station with that receiver.

1. The receiver is powered on.

2. The receiver begins tracking satellites.

3. The receiver determines the current position.

4. The receiver reviews the base positions stored in the receiver.

5. The receiver does not find any base station that corresponds to the current position.

6. The receiver will not begin transmitting RTK corrections and the radio LED will not flash.

AutoBase Feature 7

No RTK corrections will be streamed until the base station is set up using the SCS900 Site Controller software.

Scenario Two: Base station setup on a repeat visit to that site

• You set up the base station receiver on a point that you have previously used as

a base station with that receiver.

1. The receiver is powered on.

2. The receiver begins tracking satellites.

3. The receiver determines the current position.

4. The receiver reviews the base station positions stored in the receiver.

5. The receiver finds a base station position that corresponds to the current position. A base station position is found, so the AutoBase warning is not displayed.

6. The receiver loads the previous base information.

7. The antenna type, antenna height, and measurement method used in the previous setup of this base station are applied.

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 61

7 AutoBase Feature

CAUTION – When you perform a future setup at the same location, the receiver assumes that there has been no change to either the antenna height or the antenna height measurement method used previously. It is therefore essential that you keep the antenna height constant between setups. If there is any risk that the antenna height might have changed, you must use the SCS900 Site Controller software to start (and so reset) the SPS880 Extreme Smart GPS antenna. From the SCS900 Site Controller software, select Start Base Station.

8. The receiver begins generating RTK CMR+ corrections.

9. The RTK corrections begin streaming on the radio or port defined in the previous setup of this base station.

Scenario Three: The stored base station position seems to be missing

• You set up the base station receiver on a point that you have previously used as

a base station, as in Scenario Two. But for some reason, the stored base station position is not found in the receiver. Someone has inadvertently deleted the data, or perhaps a different receiver ( for example, the other receiver in a pair) was used on the previous occasion.

1. The base station receiver is set up on a point that you have previously used as a base station.

2. The receiver is powered on.

3. The receiver begins tracking satellites.

4. The receiver determines the current position.

5. The receiver reviews the base station positions stored in the receiver.

6. The receiver does not find any base station that corresponds to the current position.

7. The receiver will not begin transmitting RTK corrections and the radio LED will not flash.

No RTK corrections will be streamed until you do one of the following things:

• Use the SCS900 Site Controller software to set up the base station.

• Change to the receiver that was previously used as the base station at this

location.

62 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

Flowchart showing the AutoBase process

Power on

receiver

Receiver

looks for

application

files

AutoBase warning is

displayed

application files exist?

Ye s

AutoBase Feature 7

Change to

the receiver

that was

previously

used as the

base station

at this

location

Use SCS900

to reset and

restart the

receiver

Figure 7.1 AutoBase feature

Any

application

file that

corresponds

with the

current

position?

Make

corresponding

application

file active

Ye s

Is there more

than one

acceptable application

file?

Ye s

Make most

recent

created

application

active

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 63

7 AutoBase Feature

64 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

CHAPTER

Default Settings 8

In this chapter:

Q Default receiver settings

Q Resetting the receiver to factory

defaults

Q Default behavior

Q Power up settings

Q Logging data

All SPSx80 Smart GPS antenna settings are stored in application files. The default application file, Default.cfg, is stored permanently in the receiver, and contains the factory default settings for the SPSx80 Smart GPS antenna. Whenever the receiver is reset to its factory defaults, the current settings (stored in the current application file, Current.cfg) are reset to the values in the default application file.

You cannot modify the default application file. However, you can create a power-up application file so that the settings in this file can be applied immediately after the default application file, overriding the factory defaults. For more information, see Configuring the receiver using application files, page 53.

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 65

8 Default Settings

Default receiver settings

These settings are defined in the default application file.

Function Factory default

SV Enable All SVs enabled

General Controls: Elevation mask 13°

Serial Port 1: Baud rate 115,200

Serial Port 2: Baud rate 115,200

Input Setup: Station Any

NMEA/ASCII (all supported messages) All ports Off

Streamed output All Types Off

RT17/Binary All ports Off

Reference position: Latitude 0°

Antenna: Type Trimble SPS780, SPS880, Internal

PDOP mask 7

RTK positioning mode Low Latency

Motion Kinematic

Format 8-None-1

Flow control None

Format 8-None-1

Flow control None

Offset = 00

Longitude 0°

Altitude 0.00 m HAE

Height (true vertical) 0.00 m

Group All

Measurement method Bottom of mount

Resetting the receiver to factory defaults

To reset the receiver to its factory defaults, do one of the following:

• On the receiver, press E for 15 seconds.

• In the GPS Configurator software, select Connect to Receiver and then click Reset

receiver

• In the Configuration Toolbox software, select the General tab and then click

Reset Receiver.

Note – For more information on the GPS Configurator and Configuration Toolbox software which are supplied on the Trimble SPS GPS Receiver CD , see Chapter 6, Configuring the Receiver Settings.

66 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

in the General tab.

Default behavior

The factory defaults specified on page 66 are applied whenever you start the receiver. If a power up application file is present in the receiver, its settings are applied immediately after the default settings, so you can use a power up file to define your own set of defaults. The factory defaults are also applied when you perform a full reset of the receiver because resetting the receiver deletes the power up files.

Default Settings 8

When starting any of the SPS GPS receivers as a base station or rover receiver using the Trimble SCS900 site controller software or the HYDROpro required for those operations are automatically set and configured in that software. To change the receiver settings for special applications or for use with third-party software, use the GPS Configurator software or the Configuration Toolbox software.

Power up settings

When you turn off the receiver, any changes that you have made to logging settings are lost and these settings are returned to the factory defaults. Other settings remain as defined in the current file. The next time you turn on the receiver, the receiver checks for a power up file and, if one is present, applies the settings in this file.

Logging data

Logging data with the SPS GPS receivers is available as an option. By default, the data logging option is turned off. For information on how to enable the data logging option, and the necessary postprocessing software options, please contact your Trimble dealer.

Data logging using GPS receivers requires you to have access to suitable GPS postprocessing software such as Trimble Geomatics Office Trimbl e Tot al C ont rol over a period of time at a static point or points, and subsequent postprocessing of the information to accurately compute baseline information. Postprocessed GPS data is typically used for control network measurement applications and precise monitoring. The following information only applies if you have the Data Logging options enabled in the receiver, and that you intend to carry out GPS postprocessed measurement operations.

™

software, the settings as

™

. Data logging involves the collection of GPS measurement data

Logging data after a power loss

If the receiver loses power unexpectedly, when power is restored the receiver tries to return to the state it was in immediately before the power loss. The receiver does not reset itself to default settings. If the receiver was logging data when power was lost unexpectedly, it resumes logging data when power is restored.

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 67

8 Default Settings

68 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

CHAPTER

Specifications 9

In this chapter:

Q General specifications

Q Physical specifications

Q Electrical specifications

Q Communication specifications

This chapter details the specifications for the SPSx80 Smart GPS antenna.

Specifications are subject to change without notice.

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 69

9 Specifications

General specifications

Feature Specification

Keyboard and display On/Off key for one button startup using AutoBase technology

LED indicators For satellite tracking, radio link reception, and power monitoring

Receiver type Fully integrated “Smart” GPS antenna

Physical specifications

Feature Specification

Dimensions (LxWxH) 19 cm (7.5 in) x 10 cm (3.9 in) including connectors

Weight 1.28 kg (2.88 lb) receiver only, with internal battery

3.70 kg (8.16 lbs) complete system weight, including controller and pole (when used as a rover)

Temperature

Operating Storage

Humidity 100%, condensing

Waterproof IP67 for submersion to depth of 1 m (3.28 ft)

Shock and vibration

Shock, non operating

Shock, operating Vibration

Measurements • Advanced Trimble Maxwell

Code differential GPS positioning

Horizontal accuracy Vertical accuracy

–40 °C to +65 °C (–40 °F to +149 °F) –40 °C to +75 °C (–40 °F to +167 °F)

Tested and meets the following environmental standards: Designed to survive a 2 m (6.6 ft) pole drop onto concrete

MIL-STD-810F, Fig.514.5C-17 To 40 G, 10 msec, saw-tooth MIL-STD-810F, FIG.514.5C-1

™

Custom GPS chip

• High-precision multiple correlator for L1 and L2 pseudo-range measurements

• Unfiltered, unsmoothed pseudo range measurements data for low noise, low multipath error, low time domain correlation and high dynamic response

• Very low noise L1 and L2 precision in a 1 Hz bandwidth

• Proven Trimble low elevation tracking technology

• 24 Channels (SPS780 only)

• L1/L2 full cycle carrier (SPS780 only)

• L1 and L2 Signal-to-Noise ratios reported in dB-Hz

• 72 Channels L1/L2/L2C/L5 GPS and L1/L2 GLONASS (SPS880 Extreme only)

• WAAS / EGNOS support

±(0.25 m + 1 ppm) RMS, ± (9.84 in + 1 ppm) RMS ±(0.50 m + 1 ppm) RMS, ± (19.68 in + 1 ppm) RMS

carrier phase measurements with <1 mm

70 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

Specifications 9

Feature Specification

WAAS differential positioning accuracy

Real Time Kinematic (RTK) positioning

Horizontal Vertical

Typically <5 m (16.40 ft) 3D RMS

±(10 mm + 1 ppm) RMS, ± (0.38 in +1 ppm) RMS ±(20 mm + 1 ppm) RMS, ± (0.78 in +1 ppm) RMS

Initialization time

Regular RTK operation

Single/Multi-base minimum 10 sec + 0.5 times baseline length in km, <30 km

with base station

RTK operation with

Scalable GPS

<30 seconds typical anywhere within coverage area (SPS780 Max and SPS880 Extreme only).

infrastructure

Initialization reliability

Receiver will operate normally to –40 °C. Bluetooth module and internal batteries are rated to –20 °C.

The availability of the L2C code GPS signal is dependent on the US government.

Accuracy and reliability may be subject to anomalies such as multipath, obstructions, satellite geometry, and

atmospheric conditions. Always follow recommended practices.

Depends on WAAS/EGNOS system performance.

May be affected by atmospheric conditions, signal multipath, and satellite geometry. Initialization reliability is

continuously monitored to ensure highest quality

Typically >99.9%

Electrical specifications

Feature Specification

Power, internal 11 to 28 V DC external power input with over-voltage protection on

Port 1 (7-pin Lemo)

Battery Rechargeable, removable 7.4 V, 2.4 Ah Lithium-ion battery in internal

battery compartment

Power consumption <2.5 W, in RTK rover mode with internal radio

Rover operation time on internal battery

450 MHz 900 MHz

Base station operation times on internal battery

450 MHz 900 MHz

Certification Class B Part 15, 22, 24FCC certification

5.5 hours; varies with temperature (Rx only)

4.2 hours; varies with temperature (Tx/Rx)

5.5 hours; varies with temperature (External Tx radio)

Canada FCC CE mark approval C-tick approval WEEE

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 71

9 Specifications

Communication specifications

Feature Specification

Communications

Port 1 (7-pin 0S Lemo) Port 2 (DSub 9-pin) Bluetooth

Integrated radios Fully integrated, fully sealed internal 450 MHz, TX, RX, or

450 MHz transmitter radio power output 0.5 W

External GSM/GPRS, cellular phone support Supported for direct dial and Internet-based VRS correction

Receiver position update rate

SPS780 Basic SPS780 Max SPS880 Extreme

Data Input and Output CMR, CMR+, RTCM 2.1, RTCM 2.2, RTCM 2.3, RTCM 3.0

Outputs NMEA, GSOF, and RT17

Carrier Supports BINEX and smoothed carrier (SPS880 Extreme only)

3-wire RS-232 Full RS-232 Fully integrated, fully sealed 2.4 GHz Bluetooth

Tx/Rx

Fully integrated, fully sealed internal 900 MHz, Rx

streams Cellular phone or GSM/GPRS modem inside TSC2 controller

1 Hz and 2 Hz positioning 1 Hz, 2 Hz, 5 Hz, and 10 Hz positioning 1 Hz, 2 Hz, 5 Hz, 10 Hz, and 20 Hz positioning

Bluetooth type approvals are country specific. Contact your local Trimble office or representative for more

information.

Tx only or Rx only with SPS780 Basic; Tx/Rx with SPS780 Max.

900 MHz is Rx only with SPS780, external transmit radio must be used when configured as a base.

72 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

APPENDIX

NMEA-0183 Output A

In this appendix:

Q NMEA-0183 message overview

Q Common message elements

Q NMEA messages

This appendix describes the formats of the subset of NMEA-0183 messages that are available for output by the receivers. For a copy of the NMEA-0183 Standard, go to the National Marine Electronics Association website at www.nmea.org.

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 73

A NMEA-0183 Output

NMEA-0183 message overview

When NMEA-0183 output is enabled, a subset of NMEA-0183 messages can be output to external instruments and equipment connected to the receiver serial ports. These NMEA-0183 messages let external devices use selected data collected or computed by the GPS receiver.

All messages conform to the NMEA-0183 version 3.01 format. All begin with $ and end with a carriage return and a line feed. Data fields follow comma (,) delimiters and are variable in length. Null fields still follow comma (,) delimiters but contain no information.

An asterisk (

*) delimiter and checksum value follow the last field of data contained in

an NMEA-0183 message. The checksum is the 8-bit exclusive of all characters in the message, including the commas between fields, but not including the $ and asterisk delimiters. The hexadecimal result is converted to two ASCII characters (0–9, A–F). The most significant character appears first.

The following table summarizes the set of NMEA messages supported by the receiver, and shows the page that contains detailed information about each message.

Message Function Page

ADV Position and Satellite information for RTK network operations 76

GGA Time, position, and fix related data 77

GSA GPS DOP and active satellites 78

GST Position error statistics 79

GSV Number of SVs in view, PRN, elevation, azimuth, and SNR 80

HDT Heading from True North 81

PTNL,AVR Time, yaw, tilt, range, mode, PDOP, and number of SVs for

Moving Baseline RTK

PTNL,GGK Time, position, position type and DOP values 83

PTNL,PJK Local coordinate position output 84

PTNL,VGK Time, locator vector, type and DOP values 85

PTNL,VHD Heading Information 86

RMC Position, Velocity, and Time 87

ROT Rate of turn 88

VTG Actual track made good and speed over ground 89

ZDA UTC day, month, and year, and local time zone offset 90

To enable or disable the output of individual NMEA messages, do one of the following:

• Create an application file in the GPS Configurator software that contains NMEA

output settings and then send the file to the receiver.

• Add NMEA outputs in the Serial outputs tab of the GPS Configurator software

and then apply the settings. (You cannot use the GPS Configuration software to load application files to the SPSx50 Modular GPS receivers.)

• For SPSx50 Modular GPS receivers, set up the NMEA output using the keypad

and display or a web browser.

74 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

Common message elements

Each message contains:

• a message ID consisting of $GP followed by the message type. For example, the

message ID of the GGA message is $GPGGA.

• a comma

• a number of fields, depending on the message type, separated by commas

• an asterisk

• a checksum value

Below is an example of a simple message with a message ID ($GPGGA), followed by 13 fields and a checksum value:

$GPGGA,172814.0,3723.46587704,N,12202.26957864,W,2,6,1.2,18.893,M,-

25.669,M,2.0,0031*4F

Message values

NMEA messages that the receiver generates contains the following values.

NMEA-0183 Output A

Latitude and longitude

Latitude is represented as ddmm.mmmm and longitude is represented as dddmm.mmmm, where:

• dd or ddd is degrees

• mm.mmmm is minutes and decimal fractions of minutes

Direction

Direction (north, south, east, or west) is represented by a single character: N, S, E, or W.

Time

Time values are presented in Universal Time Coordinated (UTC) and are represented as hhmmss.cc, where:

• hh is hours, from 00 through 23

• mm is minutes

• ss is seconds

• cc is hundredths of seconds

NMEA messages

When NMEA-0183 output is enabled, the following messages can be generated.

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 75

A NMEA-0183 Output

ADV Position and Satellite information for RTK network operations

An example of the ADV message string is shown below. Table A.1 and Table A.2 describe the message fields. The messages alternate between subtype 110 and 120.

$PGPPADV,110,39.88113582,-105.07838455,1614.125*1M

Table A.1 ADV subtype 110 message fields

Field Meaning

0 message ID $PPGPADV

1 Message sub-type 110

2Latitude

3 Longitude

4 Ellipsoid height

6 Elevation of second satellite, in degrees, 90° maximum

7 Azimuth of second satellite, degrees from True North, 000° through 359°

8 The checksum data, always begins with *

$PGPPADV,120,21,76.82,68.51,29,20.66,317.47,28,52.38,276.81,22,42.26,198.96*5D

Table A.2 ADV subtype 120 message fields

Field Meaning

0 message ID $PPGPADV

1 Message sub-type 120

2 First SV PRN number

3 Elevation of first satellite, in degrees, 90° maximum

4 Azimuth of first satellite, degrees from True North, 000° through 359°

5 Second SV PRN number

6 Elevation of second satellite, in degrees, 90° maximum

7 Azimuth of second satellite, degrees from True North, 000° through 359°

8 The checksum data, always begins with *

76 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

GGA Time, Position, and Fix Related Data

An example of the GGA message string is shown below. Table A.3 describes the message fields.

$GPGGA,172814.0,3723.46587704,N,12202.26957864,W, 2,6,1.2,18.893,M,-25.669,M,2.0,0031*4F

Table A.3 GGA message fields

Field Meaning

0 message ID $GPGGA

1 UTC of position fix

2Latitude

3 Direction of latitude:

N: North S: South

4 Longitude

5 Direction of longitude:

E: East W: West

6 GPS Quality indicator:

0: Fix not valid 1: GPS fix 2: Differential GPS fix 4: Real Time Kinematic, fixed integers 5: Real Time Kinematic, float integers

7 Number of SVs in use, range from 00 through 12

8 HDOP

9 Orthometric height (MSL reference)

10 M: unit of measure for orthometric height is meters

11 Geoid separation

12 M: geoid separation is measured in meters

13 Age of differential GPS data record, Type 1 or Type 9. Null field when DGPS is

not used.

14 Reference station ID, ranging from 0000 through 1023. A null field when any

reference station ID is selected and no corrections are received.

15 The checksum data, always begins with *

NMEA-0183 Output A

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 77

A NMEA-0183 Output

GSA GPS DOP and active satellites

An example of the GSA message string is shown below. Table A.4 describes the message fields.

$GPGSA,<1>,<2>,<3>,<3>,,,,,<3>,<3>,<3>,<4>,<5>,<6>*<7><CR><LF>

Table A.4 GSA message fields

Field Meaning

0 message ID $GPGSA

2 Mode 2, Fix type, 1 = not available, 2 = 2D, 3 = 3D

3 PRN number, 01 through 32, of satellite used in solution, up to 12 transmitted

4 PDOP-Position dilution of precision, 0.5 through 99.9

5 HDOP-Horizontal dilution of precision, 0.5 through 99.9

6 VDOP-Vertical dilution of precision, 0.5 through 99.9

7 The checksum data, always begins with *

Mode 1, M = manual, A = automatic

78 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

GST Position Error Statistics

An example of the GST message string is shown below. Table A.5 describes the message fields.

$GPGST,172814.0,0.006,0.023,0.020,273.6,0.023,0.020,0.031*6A

Table A.5 GST message fields

Field Meaning

0 message ID $GPGST

1 UTC of position fix

2 RMS value of the pseudorange residuals; includes carrier phase residuals during

periods of RTK(float) and RTK(fixed) processing

3 Error ellipse semi-major axis 1 sigma error, in meters

4 Error ellipse semi-minor axis 1 sigma error, in meters

5 Error ellipse orientation, degrees from true north

6 Latitude 1 sigma error, in meters

7 Longitude 1 sigma error, in meters

8 Height 1 sigma error, in meters

9 The checksum data, always begins with *

NMEA-0183 Output A

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 79

A NMEA-0183 Output

GSV Satellite Information

The GSV message string identifies the number of SVs in view, the PRN numbers, elevations, azimuths, and SNR values. An example of the GSV message string is shown below. Table A.6 describes the message fields.

$GPGSV,4,1,13,02,02,213,,03,-3,000,,11,00,121,,14,13,172,05*67

Table A.6 GSV message fields

Field Meaning

0 message ID $GPGSV

1 Total number of messages of this type in this cycle

2 Message number

3 Total number of SVs visible

4 SV PRN number

5 Elevation, in degrees, 90° maximum

6 Azimuth, degrees from True North, 000° through 359°

7 SNR, 00–99 dB (null when not tracking)

8–11 Information about second SV, same format as fields 4 through 7

12–15 Information about third SV, same format as fields 4 through 7

16–19 Information about fourth SV, same format as fields 4 through 7

20 The checksum data, always begins with *

80 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

HDT Heading from True North

The HDT string is shown below, and Table A.7 describes the message fields.

$GPHDT,123.456,T*00

Table A.7 Heading from true north fields

Field Meaning

0 message ID $GPHDT

1 Heading in degrees

2 T: Indicates heading relative to True North

3 The checksum data, always begins with *

NMEA-0183 Output A

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 81

A NMEA-0183 Output

PTNL,AVR

Time, Yaw, Tilt, Range for Moving Baseline RTK

The PTNL,AVR message string is shown below, and Table A.8 describes the message fields.

Table A.8 AVR message fields

Field Meaning

0 message ID $PTNL,AVR

1UTC of vector fix

2 Yaw angle in degrees

3Yaw

4 Tilt angle in degrees

5Tilt

6 Reserved

7 Reserved

8 Range in meters

9 GPS quality indicator:

10 PDOP

11 Number of satellites used in solution

12 The checksum data, always begins with *

$PTNL,AVR,181059.6,+149.4688,Yaw,+0.0134,Tilt,,,60.191,3,2.5,6*00

0: Fix not available or invalid 1: Autonomous GPS fix 2: Differential carrier phase solution RTK (Float) 3: Differential carrier phase solution RTK (Fix) 4: Differential code-based solution, DGPS

82 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

PTNL,GGK

NMEA-0183 Output A

Time, Position, Position Type, DOP

An example of the PTNL,GGK message string is shown below. Table A.9 describes the message fields.

$PTNL,GGK,172814.00,071296,3723.46587704,N,12202.26957864,W,3,06,1.7,EHT-

6.777,M*48

Table A.9 PTNL,GGK message fields

Field Meaning

0 message ID $PTNL,GGA

1 UTC of position fix

2Date

3Latitude

4 Direction of latitude:

N: North S: South

5 Longitude

6 Direction of Longitude:

E: East W: West

7 GPS Quality indicator:

0: Fix not available or invalid 1: Autonomous GPS fix 2: Differential, floating carrier phase integer-based solution, RTK(float) 3: Differential, fixed carrier phase integer-based solution, RTK(fixed) 4: Differential, code phase only solution (DGPS). Also, OmniSTAR XP/HP

converging 5: SBAS solution – WAAS, EGNOS 6: RTK Float 3D in a VRS/Network. Also OmniSTAR XP/HP converged 7: RTK Fixed 3D in a VRS/Network 8: RTK Float 2D in a VRS/Network

8 Number of satellites in fix

9DOP of fix

10 Ellipsoidal height of fix

11 M: ellipsoidal height is measured in meters

12 The checksum data, always begins with *

Note – The PTNL,GGK message is longer than the NMEA-0183 standard of 80 characters.

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 83

A NMEA-0183 Output

PTNL,PJK

Local Coordinate Position Output

An example of the PTNL,PJK message string is shown below. Table A.10 describes the message fields.

Table A.10 PTNL,PJK message fields

Field Meaning

0 message ID $PTNL,PJK

1 UTC of position fix

2Date

3 Northing, in meters

4 Direction of Northing will always be N (North)

5 Easting, in meters

6 Direction of Easting will always be E (East)

7 GPS Quality indicator:

8 Number of satellites in fix

9DOP of fix

10 Ellipsoidal height of fix

11 M: ellipsoidal height is measured in meters

12 The checksum data, always begins with *

$PTNL,PJK,010717.00,081796,+732646.511,N,+1731051.091,E,1,05,2.7,EHT-

28.345,M*7C

converging

5: SBAS solution – WAAS, EGNOS 6: RTK Float 3D in a VRS/Network. Also OmniSTAR XP/HP converged 7: RTK Fixed 3D in a VRS/Network 8: RTK Float 2D in a VRS/Network

Note – The PTNL,PJK message is longer than the NMEA-0183 standard of 80 characters.

84 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

PTNL,VGK

NMEA-0183 Output A

Vector Information

An example of the PTNL,VGK message string is shown below. Table A.11 describes the message fields.

$PTNL,VGK,160159.00,010997,-0000.161,00009.985,-0000.002,3,07,1,4,M*0B

Table A.11 PTNL,VGK message fields

Field Meaning

0 message ID $PTNL,VGK

1 UTC of vector in hhmmss.ss format

2 Date in mmddyy format

3 East component of vector, in meters

4 North component of vector, in meters

5 Up component of vector, in meters

6 GPS Quality indicator:

converging 5: SBAS solution – WAAS, EGNOS 6: RTK Float 3D in a VRS/Network. Also OmniSTAR XP/HP converged 7: RTK Fixed 3D in a VRS/Network 8: RTK Float 2D in a VRS/Network

7 Number of satellites if fix solution

8DOP of fix

9 M: Vector components are in meters

10 The checksum data, always begins with *

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 85

A NMEA-0183 Output

PTNL,VHD

Heading Information

An example of the PTNL,VHD message string is shown below. Table A.12 describes the message fields.

Table A.12 PTNL,VHD message fields

Field Meaning

0 message ID $PTNL,VHD

1 UTC of position in hhmmss.ss format

2 Date in mmddyy format

3Azimuth

4 ΔAzimuth/ΔTime

5 Vertical Angle

6 ΔVertical/ΔTime

7Range

8 ΔRange/ΔTime

9 GPS Quality indicator:

10 Number of satellites used in solution

11 PDOP

12 The checksum data, always begins with *

$PTNL,VHD,030556.00,093098,187.718,-22.138,-76.929,-

5.015,0.033,0.006,3,07,2.4,M*22

converging 5: SBAS solution – WAAS, EGNOS 6: RTK Float 3D in a VRS/Network. Also OmniSTAR XP/HP converged 7: RTK Fixed 3D in a VRS/Network 8: RTK Float 2D in a VRS/Network

86 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

RMC Position, Velocity, and Time

The RMC string is shown below, and Table A.13 describes the message fields.

$GPRMC,123519,A,4807.038,N,01131.000,E,022.4,084.4,230394,003.1,W*6A

Table A.13 GPRMC message fields

Field Meaning

0 message ID $GPRMC

1 UTC of position fix

2 Status A=active or V=void

3Latitude

4 Longitude

5 Speed over the ground in knots

6 Track angle in degrees (True)

7Date

8 Magnetic variation in degrees

9 The checksum data, always begins with *

NMEA-0183 Output A

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 87

A NMEA-0183 Output

ROT Rate and Direction of Turn

The ROT string is shown below, and Table A.14 describes the message fields.

$GPROT,35.6,A*4E

Table A.14 ROT message fields

Field Meaning

0 message ID $GPROT

1 Rate of turn, degrees/minutes, "–" indicates bow turns to port

2 A: Valid data

V: Invalid data

3 The checksum data, always begins with *

88 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

VTG Track Made Good and Speed Over Ground

An example of the VTG message string is shown below. Table A.15 describes the message fields.

$GPVTG,,T,,M,0.00,N,0.00,K*4E

Table A.15 VTG message fields

Field Meaning

0 message ID $GPVTG

1 Track made good (degrees true)

2 T: track made good is relative to true north

3 Track made good (degrees magnetic)

4 M: track made good is relative to magnetic north

5 Speed, in knots

6 N: speed is measured in knots

7 Speed over ground in kilometers/hour (kph)

8 K: speed over ground is measured in kph

9 The checksum data, always begins with *

NMEA-0183 Output A

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 89

A NMEA-0183 Output

ZDA UTC Day, Month, And Year, and Local Time Zone Offset

An example of the ZDA message string is shown below. Table A.16 describes the message fields.

$GPZDA,172809,12,07,1996,00,00*45

Table A.16 ZDA message fields

Field Meaning

0 message ID $GPZDA

1UTC

2 Day, ranging between 01 and 31

3 Month, ranging between 01 and 12

4Year

5 Local time zone offset from GMT, ranging from 00 through ±13 hours

6 Local time zone offset from GMT, ranging from 00 through 59 minutes

Fields 5 and 6 together yield the total offset. For example, if field 5 is –5 and field 6 is +15, local time is 5 hours and 15 minutes earlier than GMT.

The checksum data, always begins with *

90 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

APPENDIX

GSOF Messages B

In this appendix:

Q Supported message types

Q GSOF message definitions

This appendix provides information on the General Serial Output Format (GSOF) messages that the SPS GPS receivers support. GSOF messages are a Trimble proprietary format and can be used to send information such as position and status to a third-party device.

For information on how to output GSOF messages from the SPSx50 Modular GPS receiver, refer to Chapter 6, Configuring the SPSx50 Using the Keypad and Display and Chapter 7, Configuring the Receiver Settings in the SPSx50 Modular GPS Receiver User Guide.

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 91

B GSOF Messages

Supported message types

This table summarizes the GSOF messages that are supported by the receiver, and shows the page that contains detailed information about each message.

Message Description Page

TIME Position time 92

LLH Latitude, longitude, height 93

ECEF Earth-Centered, Earth-Fixed position 93

ECEF DELTA Earth-Centered, Earth-Fixed Delta position 94

NEU DELTA Tangent Plane Delta 94

Velocity Velocity data 95

PDOP PDOP info 95

SIGMA Position Sigma info 95

SV Brief SV Brief info 96

SV Detail SV Detailed info 97

UTC Current UTC time 98

BATT/MEM Receiver battery and memory status 98

ATTITUDE Attitude info 99

GSOF message definitions

When GSOF output is enabled, the following messages can be generated.

TIME

This message describes position time information. It contains the following data:

• GPS time, in milliseconds of GPS week

• GPS week number

• Number of satellites used

• Initialization counter

Table B.1 Time (Type 1 record)

Field Item Type Value Meaning

0 Output record type Char 01h Position time output record

1 Record length Char 0Ah Bytes in record

2–5 GPS time (ms) Long msecs GPS time, in milliseconds of GPS week

6–7 GPS week number Short number GPS week count since January 1980

8 Number of SVs used Char 00h-0Ch Number of satellites used to determine the

position (0-12)

9 Position flags 1 Char See Table B.14 Reports first set of position attribute flag

values

92 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

GSOF Messages B

Table B.1 Time (Type 1 record)

Field Item Type Value Meaning

10 Position flags 2 Char See Table B.15 Reports second set of position attribute flag

values

11 Initialized number Char 00h-FFh Increments with each initialization (modulo

256)

LLH

This message describes latitude, longitude, and height. It contains the following data:

• WGS-84 latitude and longitude, in radians

• WGS-84 height, in meters

Table B.2 Latitude, longitude, height (Type 2 record)

Field Item Ty pe Value Meaning

0 Output record type Char 02h Latitude, longitude, and height output record

1 Record length Char 18h Bytes in record

2–9 Latitude Double Radians Latitude from WGS-84 datum

10–17 Longitude Double Radians Longitude from WGS-84 datum

18–25 Height Double Meters Height from WGS-84 datum

ECEF

This message describes the ECEF position. It contains the following data:

• Earth-Centered, Earth-Fixed X, Y, Z coordinates, in meters

Table B.3 ECEF position (Type 3 record)

Field Item Ty pe Value Meaning

0 Output record type Char 03h Earth-Centered, Earth-Fixed (ECEF) position output

record

1 Record length Char 18h Bytes in record

2–9 X Double Meters WGS-84 ECEF X-axis coordinate

10–17 Y Double Meters WGS-84 ECEF Y-axis coordinate

18–25 Z Double Meters WGS-84 ECEF Z-axis coordinate

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 93

B GSOF Messages

ECEF DELTA

This message describes the ECEF Delta position. It contains the following data:

• Earth-Centered, Earth-Fixed X, Y, Z deltas between the rover and base position,

in meters.

Table B.4 ECEF Delta (Type 6 record)

Field Item Ty pe Value Meaning

0 Output record type Char 06h Earth-Centered, Earth-Fixed (ECEF) Delta output record

1 Record length Char 18h Bytes in record

2–9 Delta X Double Meters ECEF X-axis delta between rover and base station

positions

10–17 Delta Y Double Meters ECEF Y-axis delta between rover and base station

positions

18–25 Delta Z Double Meters ECEF Z-axis delta between rover and base station

positions

NEU DELTA

This message contains Tangent Plane Delta information. It contains the following data:

• North, East, and Up deltas of the vector from the base to the rover (in meters)

projected onto a plane tangent to the WGS-84 ellipsoid at the base receiver.

Note – These records are only output if a valid DGPS/RTK solution is computed.

Table B.5 NEU Delta (Type 7 record)

Field Item Ty pe Value Meaning

0 Output record type Char 07h Tangent Plane Delta output record

1 Record length Char 18h Bytes in record

2–9 Delta east Double meters East component of vector from base station to rover,

projected onto a plane tangent to the WGS-84 ellipsoid at the base station

10–17 Delta north Double meters North component of tangent plane vector

18–25 Delta up Double meters Difference between ellipsoidal height of tangent plane

at base station and a parallel plane passing through rover point

94 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

GSOF Messages B

Velocity

This message provides velocity information. It contains the following data:

• Horizontal velocity, in meters per second

• Vertical velocity, in meters per second

• Heading, in radians, referenced to WGS-84 True North

Table B.6 Velocity (Type 8 record)

Field Item Type Value Meaning

0 Output record type Char 08h Velocity data output record

1 Record length Char 0Dh Bytes in record

2 Velocity flags Char See Table B.17 Velocity status flags

3–6 Speed Float Meters per second Horizontal speed

7–10 Heading Float Radians True north heading in the WGS-84 datum

11–14 Vertical velocity Float Meters per second Vertical velocity

PDOP

This message describes the PDOP information. It contains the following data:

• PDOP

• HDOP

• VDOP

• TDOP

Table B.7 PDOP (Type 9 record)

Field Item Type Value Meaning

0 Output record type Char 09h PDOP information output record

1 Record length Char 10h Bytes in record

2–5 PDOP Float Positional Dilution of Precision

6–9 HDOP Float Horizontal Dilution of Precision

10–13 VDOP Float Vertical Dilution of Precision

14–17 TDOP Float Time Dilution of Precision

SIGMA

This message describes the Position Sigma information. It contains the following data:

• Position RMS

• Sigma east, in meters

• Sigma north, in meters

• Sigma up, in meters

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 95

B GSOF Messages

• Covariance east-north

• Error Ellipse Semi-major axis, in meters

• Error Ellipse Semi-minor axis, in meters

• Orientation of Semi-major axis in degrees from True North

• Unit variance

• Number of epochs

Table B.8 Sigma (Type 12 record)

Field Item Type Va lue Meaning

0 Output record type Char 0Ch Position sigma information output record

1 Record length Char 26h Bytes in record

2–5 Position RMS Float Root means square of position error calculated

for overdetermined positions

6–9 Sigma east Float Meters

10–13 Sigma north Float Meters

14–17 Covar. east-north Float number Covariance east-north (dimensionless)

18–21 Sigma up Float Meters

22–25 Semi-major axis Float Meters Semi-major axis of error ellipse

26–29 Semi-minor axis Float Meters Semi-minor axis of error ellipse

30–33 Orientation Float degrees Orientation of semi-minor axis, clockwise from

True North

34–37 Unit variance Float Valid only for over-determined solutions. Unit

variance should approach 1.0 value. A value of less than 1.0 indicates that apriori variances are too pessimistic.

30–39 Number of epochs short count Number of measurement epochs used to

compute the position. Could be greater than 1 for positions subjected to static constraint. Always 1 for kinematic.

SV Brief

This message provides brief satellite information. It contains the following data:

• Number of satellites tracked

• The PRN number of each satellite

• Flags indicating satellite status

Table B.9 SV brief (Type 13 record)

Field Item Typ e Value Meaning

0 Output record type Char 0Dh Brief satellite information output record

1 Record length Char Bytes in record

2 Number of SVs Char 00h-18h Number of satellites included in record

96 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

GSOF Messages B

Table B.9 SV brief (Type 13 record)

Field Item Typ e Value Meaning

The following bytes are repeated for Number of SVs

PRN Char 01h-20h Pseudorandom number of satellites (1-32)

SV Flags1 Char See Table B.18 First set of satellite status bits

SV Flags2 Char See Table B.19 Second set of satellite status bits

Includes all tracked satellites, all satellites used in the position solution, and all satellites in view.

SV Detail

This message provides detailed satellite information. It contains the following data:

• Number of satellites tracked

• The PRN number of each satellite

• Flags indicating satellite status

• Elevation above horizon, in degrees

• Azimuth from True North, in degrees

• Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of L1 signal

• Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of L2 signal

Table B.10 SV detail (Type 14 record)

Field Item Ty pe Value Meaning

0 Output record

Char 0Eh Detailed satellite information output record

type

1 Record length Char 1 + 8×(number of SVs) Bytes in record

2–9 Number of SVs Char 00h-18h Number of satellites included in record

The following bytes are repeated for Number of SVs

PRN Char 01h-20h Pseudorandom number of satellites (1–32)

Flags1 Char See Table B.18 First set of satellite status bits

Flags2 Char See Table B.19 Second set of satellite status bits

Elevation Char Degrees Angle of satellite above the horizon

Azimuth Short Degrees Azimuth of satellite from True North

SNR L1 Char dB * 4 Signal-to-noise ratio of L1 signal (multiplied

SNR L2 Char dB * 4 Signal-to-noise ratio of L2 signal (multiplied

Includes all tracked satellites, all satellites used in the position solution, and all satellites in view.

THe SNR L1 and SNR L2 items are set to zero for satellites that are not tracked on the current frequency.

by 4)

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 97

B GSOF Messages

UTC

This message describes current time information. It contains the following data:

• GPS time, in milliseconds of GPS week

• GPS week number

• GPS to UTC time offset, in seconds

Table B.11 UTC (Type 16 record)

Field Item Type Va lue Meaning

0 Output record type Char 10h

1 Record length Char 09h Bytes in record

2–5 GPS millisecond of

week

6–7 GPS week number Short number Week number since start of GPS time

8–9 UTC offset Short seconds GPS to UTC time offset

10 Flags Char See Table B.16 Flag bits indicating validity of Time and UTC offsets

Long msecs Time when packet is sent from the receiver, in GPS

milliseconds of week

Batt/Mem

This message provides information relating to the receiver battery and memory. It contains the following data:

• Remaining battery power

• Remaining memory

Table B.12 Batt/Mem (Type 37 record)

Field Item Type Va lue Meaning

0 Output record type Char 25h

1 Record length Char 0Ah Bytes in record

2–3 Battery capacity Unsigned short percentage Remaining battery capacity in percentage

4–11 Remaining memory Double hours Estimated remaining data logging time in

hours

98 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

GSOF Messages B

Attitude

This message provides attitude information relating to the vector between the Heading antenna and the Moving Base antenna. It contains the following data:

• Tilt or vertical angle, in radians, from the Heading antenna to the Moving Base

antenna relative to a horizontal plane through the Heading antenna

• Heading or yaw, in radians, relative to True North

• Range or slope distance between the Heading antenna and the Moving Base

antenna

Table B.13 Attitude (Type 27 record)

Field Item Ty pe Value Meaning

0 Output record type Char 1Bh Attitude information

1 Record length Char 2Ah Bytes in record

2–5 GPS time Long msecs GPS time in milliseconds of GPS week

6 Flags Char See Table B.20 Flag bits indicating validity of attitude components

7 Number of SVs used Char 00h-0Ch Number of satellites used to calculate attitude

8 Calculation mode Char See Table B.21 Positioning mode

9 Reserved Reserved

10–17 Tilt Double radians Tilt relative to horizontal plane

18–25 Yaw Double radians Rotation about the vertical axis relative to True

North

26–33 Reserved Reserved

34–41 Range Double meters Distance between antennas

42–43 PDOP Short 0.1 Position Dilution of Precision

SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 99

B GSOF Messages

Flags

Table B.14 Position flags 1: bit values

Bit Meaning

0 New position

0: No. 1: Yes.

1 Clock fix calculated for current position

0: No. 1: Yes.

2 Horizontal coordinates calculated this position

0: No. 1: Yes.

3 Height calculated this position

0: No. 1: Yes.

4 Weighted position

0: No. 1: Yes.

5 Overdetermined position

0: No. 1: Yes.

6 Ionosphere-free position

0: No. 1: Yes.

7 Position uses filtered L1 pseudoranges

0: No. 1: Yes.

Table B.15 Position flags 2: bit values

Bit Meaning

0 Differential position

0: No. 1: Yes.

1 Differential position method

0: RTCM (Code) 1: RTK, OmniSTAR HP (Phase)

2 Differential position method

0: Differential position is code (RTCM) or a float position (RTK) 1: Differential position is a fixed integer phase position (RTK if Bit-0 = 1, WAAS

if Bit-0=0)

3OmniSTAR HP

0: Not active 1: OmniSTAR HP differential solution

4 Position determined with static as a constant

0: No. 1: Yes.

5 Position is network RTK solution

0: No. 1: Yes.

6–7 Reserved (set to zero)

100 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide

Trimble 6248192, 6248192 B1 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

USER GUIDE

Legal Notices

Safety Information

Regulations and safety

Type approval

Exposure to radio frequency radiation

For 450 MHz radio

For license-free 900 MHz radio

For Bluetooth radio

Installing antennas

Battery safety

Contents

Introduction 1

About the SPSx80 Smart GPS antenna

SPS780 Basic Smart GPS antenna

SPS780 Max Smart GPS antenna

SPS880 Extreme Smart GPS antenna

Related Information

Technical Support

Your Comments

Features and Functions 2

Overview

SPS780 Smart GPS antenna standard features

SPS780 Basic features

SPS780 Max features

SPS880 Extreme Smart GPS antenna standard features

Use and care

COCOM limits

Parts of the receiver

Front panel

Lower housing

Button functions

LED behavior

LED flash patterns

Batteries and Power 3

External power

Battery safety

Battery performance

Charging the Lithium-ion batteries

Storing the Lithium-ion battery

Disposing of the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery

Operating the receiver with a Trimble controller

Setup Guidelines 4

Base station operation guidelines

Base station components

Base station setup guidelines

Rover operation guidelines

Rover receiver components

Rover receiver setup guidelines

Cellular modem and external radio

Setting up the Receiver 5

Connecting the receiver to external devices

Trimble controller with SCS900 Site Controller software

External radio-modems

Common ways to set up a base station

Setting up a base station for permanent or semi-permanent installation

Setting up a base station for daily site use: T-Bar

Setting up a mobile base station: Tripod and fixed height tripod

Common ways to set up a rover receiver

Setting up the rover receiver on a jobsite vehicle

Setting up the rover receiver on a rod

Setting up a rover receiver on a belt or in a backpack

Configuring the Receiver Settings 6

Using the SCS900 Site Controller software to configure the base station, the rover, and the radios

Configuring the receiver to log data for postprocessing

Configuring the receiver in real time

Configuring the receiver using application files

Overview

Special application files

Applying application files

Storing application files

Naming application files

Creating and editing the configuration files that control the receiver

Installing the Configuration Toolbox software

Configuring the receiver using the Configuration Toolbox software

Transmitting the application file to the receiver