TRENDnet TEW455APBO User Manual
Table of Contents
Chapter 1. System Overview.......................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Introduction of TEW-455APBO……………………………………………………………………………………………………….1
1.2 System Concept………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………2
1.3 Applications in Wireless Network……………………………………………………………………………………………………3
1.4 Product Benefit……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….7
1.5 Specification……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………8
1.6 Wireless Performance Considerations……………………………………………………………………………………….11
Chapter 2. Basic Installation…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….12
2.1 Hardware Installation……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………12
2.1.1 Package Contents…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..12
2.1.2 Panel Function Descriptions…………………………………………………………………………………………………..12
2.2 Web Management Interface Instructions………………………………………………………………………………………13
Chapter 3. AP Mode Configuration………………………………………………………………………………………………………….16
3.1 External Network Connection……………………………………………………………………………………………………….16
3.1.1 Network Requirement…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..16
3.1.2 Configure LAN IP……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………17
3.2 Wireless LAN Network Creation……………………………………………………………………………………………………19
3.2.1 Wireless General Setup………………………………………………………………………………………………………….19
3.2.2 Wireless Advanced Setup……………………………………………………………………………………………………….21
3.2.3 Create Virtual AP (VAP)…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..25
3.2.3.1 Virtual AP Overview ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..25
3.2.3.2 Virtual AP Setup………………………………………………………………………………………………………………27
3.2.4 MAC Filter Setup…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….34
3.3 Wireless Network Expansion………………………………………………………………………………………………………….35
3.4 System Management…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….38
3.4.1 Configure Management…………………………………………………………………………………………………………38
3.4.2 Configure System Time………………………………………………………………………………………………………….41
3.4.3 Configure UPnP………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………42
3.4.4 Configure SNMP Setup……………………………………………………………………………………………………………43
3.4.5 Backup / Restore and Reset to Factory……………………………………………………………………………………45
3.4.6 Firmware Upgrade………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….46
3.4.7 Network Utility………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..47
3.4.8 Reboot…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….48
3.5 System Status………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….49
3.5.1 System Overview…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….49
3.5.2 Associated Clients Status…………………………………………………………………………………………………………51
3.5.3 WDS Link Status………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………52
3.5.4 Extra Information……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………53
3.5.5 Event Log………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..55
Chapter 4. WDS Mode Configuration………………………………………………………………………………………………………..56
4.1 External Network Connection…………………………………………………………………………………………………………56
4.1.1 Network Requirement…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….56
4.1.2 WDS Setup………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………57
4.2 System Status………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….59
4.2.1 System Overview…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….59
4.2.2 WDS Link Status………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………61
Chapter 5. CPE Mode Configuration………………………………………………………………………………………………………….62
5.1 External Network Connection…………………………………………………………………………………………………………62
5.1.1 Network Requirement…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….62
5.1.2 Configure WAN Setup……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..63
5.1.3 Configure DDNS Setup…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….66
5.1.4 Site Survey……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..67
5.2 Access Control List…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………68
5.2.1 IP Filter Setup…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………68
5.2.2 MAC Filter Setup…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….70
5.3 Resource Sharing……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………71
5.3.1 DMZ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….71
5.3.2 Virtual Server (Port Forwarding)…………………………………………………………………………………………….72
5.4 System Status…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………74
5.4.1 System Overview……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………74
5.4.2 DHCP Clients………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….78
6. Command Line Interface(CLI)………………………………………………………………………………………………………………79
6.1 Accessing the CLI with Telnet…………………………………………………………………………………………………………79
6.2 Accessing the CLI with SSH Utility…………………………………………………………………………………………………..80
6.3 Using the CLI………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….81
Appendix A. WEB GUI Valid Characters………………………………………………………………………………………………….85
Appendix B. Network manager Privileges………………………………………………………………………………………………89
Appendix C. Enabling UPnP in Windows XP……………………………………………………………………………………………90
Limited Warranty…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….92
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TEW-455APBO High Power Wireless Outdoor PoE Access Point
Chapter 1. System Overview
1.1 Introduction of TEW-455APBO
The 802.11 b/g compliant TEW-455APDO is an outdoor wireless device that can be used for five different
purposes in three different modes. In the AP mode, it can be deployed either as traditional fixed wireless
Access Point (AP), or combination of AP and WDS(AP+WDS). In the WDS mode, it’s only used to expand or
bridge Ethernet networks and deployed as a main base, relay based or remote base station. In the CPE mode,
it connects to Wireless Internet Service Provider’s (WISP) outdoor network via wireless WAN gateway to
access to Internet.
The die-cast sealed TEW-455APDO is compact in size and compliant with IP66/IP67 weatherproof standard. It
comes with a mounting kit to mount on pole or wall. It is suitable for both indoor and outdoor usage with its
adjustable output power.
1. Access Point : It can be deployed as a traditional fixed wireless Access Point
2. Repeater: To expand wireless service by repeating prior AP
3. WDS : It can be used to expand Ethernet network via wireless WDS Link
4. AP+WDS: Not only to extend Ethernet network, but also provide wireless access to the expanded
network
5. CPE (Customer Premises Equipment): It is a wireless gateway with NAT and DHCP Server functions to
connects to Wireless Internet Service Provider's (WISP)
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1.2 System Concept
The TEW-455APDO is not only designed and used as traditional outdoor AP, but also with rich features tailored
for WISP applications. The two-level management capability and access control ease WISP and owners to
maintain and manage wireless network in a more controllable fashion. Main applications are listed as follows
with illustration:
Wireless CPE for Multi Dwelling Unit/Multi Tenant Unit (MDU/MTU) complexes including apartments,
dormitories, and office complexes.
Outdoor Access Point for school campuses, enterprise campuses, or manufacture plants.
Indoor Access Point for hotels, factories, or warehouses where industrial grade devices are preferred.
Public hotspot operation for café, parks, convention centers, shopping malls, or airports.
Wireless coverage for indoor and outdoor grounds in private resorts, home yards, or golf course
communities.
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1.3 Applications in Wireless Network
TEW455APBO is a multiple mode system which can be configured either as a wireless gateway or an access
point as desired. It also can be used WDS link for Ethernet network expansion. This section depicts different
applications on AP Mode, WDS Mode, and CPE Mode.
Configuration in AP Mode (including Access Point + WDS)
An access point can be either a main, relay or remote base station. A main base station is typically
connected to a wired network via the Ethernet port. A relay base station relays data between main base
stations and relay stations or remote base stations with clients. A remote base station is the end point to
accept connections from wireless clients and pass data upwards to a network wirelessly.
Example 1 : Access Point without WDS
It can be deployed as a tradition fixed wireless Access Point
Example 2 : Access Point with WDS
It can be deployed as a tradition fixed wireless Access Point and provides WDS link to expand
network
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Configuration in WDS Mode (Pure WDS)
An access point can be either a main, relay or remote base station. A main base station is typically
connected to a wired network via the Ethernet port. A relay base station relays data between main base
stations and relay stations or remote base stations with clients. A remote base station is the end point to
accept connections from wireless clients and pass data upwards to a network wirelessly. In this mode, it
can support single or multiple WDS links and no wireless clients can associate with it though.
Example 1 : Point-to-Point
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Example 2 : Point-to-Multi-Point
TEW-455APBO High Power Wireless Outdoor PoE Access Point
Example 3 : Multi-Point Repeating bridge
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Configuration in CPE Mode
It can be used as an Outdoor Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) to receive wireless signal over last mile
application, helping WISPs deliver wireless broadband Internet service to residents and business
customers. In the CPE mode, TEW-455APBO is a gateway enabled with NAT and DHCP Server functions.
The wired clients connected to TEW-455APBO are in different subnet from those connected to Main Base
Station, and, in CPE mode, it does not accept wireless association from wireless clients.
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1.4 Product Benefit
High Adjustable Output Power up to 27dBm (FCC version)/6dBm (EU version)
Topology : Point to Point ; Point to Multi Point
Operation Modes :
Access Point Mode : Pure Access Point Function and Access Point /Bridge(WDS) Function
WDS Mode
CPE Mode (Router Client )
Security with WEP, WPA/WPA2-PSK, and WPA/WPA2-RADIUS
Over load current protection
Integrated Power over Ethernet (PoE)
8 Multiple B-SSID capability
Business-class security and central management
IP66/IP67 Weather-Proof Housing
VLAN tag over WDS
Client Isolation through Layer 2 VLAN technology
TEW-455APBO is the point of connection to Wireless Outdoor Network for service provider deploying last mile
services to business or residential broadband subscribers.. Network administrators can create multiple
subscriber service tier using per-subscriber rate limiting features, and manage centrally. TEW-455APBO
outdoor bridge utilizes adjustable output Tx Power to connect to the Wi-Fi mesh or WDS infrastructure and
provides the subscriber with an Ethernet connection for a local access.
TEW-455APBO supports three operational modes, the AP mode, the WDS mode and the CPE mode,
respectively with built-in remote management features.
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1.5 Specification
Wireless Architecture Mode
AP Mode
Pure AP Mode
It can be deployed as a tradition fixed wireless Access Point
It allow wireless clients or Stations(STA) to access
AP/WDS Mode
This enables the wireless interconnection of Access Point in an IEEE802.11 network .and
accept wireless clients at the same time
WDS Mode
This enables the wireless interconnection of Access Point in an IEEE802.11 network.
TEW-455APBO High Power Wireless Outdoor PoE Access Point
It allows a wireless network to be expanded using multiple access point without the need for a
wired backbone to link them.
It can’t allow wireless clients or Stations (STA) to associate.
CPE Mode
Wi-Fi connection as WAN , in CPE mode , the device run as DHCP server to assign IP address to
clients out of a private IP address pool behind a NAT
Networking
Support Static IP, Dynamic IP(DHCP Client) and PPPoE on Wi-Fi WAN Connection
Support PPTP/L2TP/IP Sec Pass Through
PPPoE Reconnect – Always On , On demand, Manual
MAC Cloning
DHCP Server
802.3 Bridging
Masquerading (NAT)
Proxy DNS
Dynamic DNS
NTP Client
Virtual DMZ
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Virtual Server (IP / Port Forwarding)
Support MAC Filter (max 20 entries)
Support IP Filter (max 20 entries)
Bandwidth traffic Shaping
Wireless Feature
Transmission power control : 9 Levels (max 27dBm for FCC, 6dBm for CE)
Channel selection : Manual or Auto
No of associated clients per AP : 32
Setting for max no associated clients : Yes
No. of ESSID (Virtual AP) : 8
No. of Max. WDS setting : 8
Preamble setting : Short/ Long
Setting for 802.11b/g mix, 802.11b only or 802.11g only
Setting for transmission speed
Dynamic Wireless re-transmission
IEEE802.11f IAPP (Inter Access Point Protocol), hand over users to another AP
IEEE 802.11i Preauth (PMKSA Cache )
IEEE 802.11h -Transmission Power Control
IEEE 802.11d -Multi country roaming
Authentication/ Encryption (Wireless Security)
Layer 2 User Isolation
Blocks client to client discovery within a specified VLAN
WEP 64/ 128/ 152 Bits
EAP-TLS + Dynamic WEP
EAP-TTLS + Dynamic WEP
PEAP/ MS-PEAP + Dynamic WEP
WPA (PSK +TKIP)
WPA (802.1x certification + TKIP)
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802.11i WPA2 (PSK + CCMP/ AES)
802.11i WPA2 (802.1x certification + CCMP/ AES)
Setting for TKIP/ CCMP/ AES key’s refreshing period
Hidden ESSID support
Setting for “ Deny ANY “ connection request
MAC Address filtering (MAC ACL)
No. of registered RADIUS servers : 2
VLAN assignment on BSSID
Support VLAN tag over WDS
Quality of Service
DiffServ/ TOS
TEW-455APBO High Power Wireless Outdoor PoE Access Point
IEEE802.1p/ COS
IEEE 802.1Q Tag VLAN priority control
IEEE802.11e WMM
System Administration
Intuitive Web Management Interface
Password Protected Access
Firmware upgrade via Web
Reset to Factory Defaults
Profiles Configuration Backup and Restore
Remote Link Test
Full Statistics and Status Reporting
SNMP Traps to a list of IP Address
NTP Time Synchronization
Even Log
Support SNMP v1,v2c, v3
Support MIB II
CLI access via Telnet and SSH
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Administrative Access : HTTP/ HTTPS
UPnP (Universal Plug and Play)
1.6 Wireless Performance Considerations
There are a number of factors that can impact the range of wireless devices.
1. Adjust your wireless devices so that the signal is traveling in a straight path, rather than at an angle. The
more material the signal has to pass through the more signal you will lose.
2. Keep the number of obstructions to a minimum. Each obstruction can reduce the range of a wireless
device. Position the wireless devices in a manner that will minimize the amount of obstructions between
them.
3. Building materials can have a large impact on your wireless signal. In an indoor environment, try to
position the wireless devices so that the signal passes through less dense material such as dry wall. Dense
materials like metal, solid wood, glass or even furniture may block or degrade the signal.
4. Antenna orientation can also have a large impact on your wireless signal. Use the wireless adapter’s site
survey tool to determine the best antenna orientation for your wireless devices.
5. Interference from devices that produce RF (radio frequency) noise can also impact your signal. Position
your wireless devices away from anything that generates RF noise, such as microwaves, radios and baby
monitors.
6. Any device operating on the 2.4GHz frequency will cause interference. Devices such as 2.4GHz cordless
phones or other wireless remotes operating on the 2.4GHz frequency can potentially drop the wireless
signal. Although the phone may not be in use, the base can still transmit wireless signal. Move the
phone’s base station as far away as possible from your wireless devices.
If you are still experiencing low or no signal consider repositioning the wireless devices or installing additional
access points. The use of higher gain antennas may also provide the necessary coverage depending on the
environment.
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It is highly recommended to use all the supplies in the package instead of substituting any components by other suppliers
to guarantee best performance.
Chapter 2. Basic Installation
2.1 Hardware Installation
2.1.1 Package Contents
TEW-455APBO x 1
Multi-Language Quick Installation Guide x 1
CD-ROM (User’s Guide) x 1
Power Injector & Cord x 1
Mounting Kit x 1
2.1.2 Panel Function Descriptions
TEW-455APBO
1. Reboot:
Press and hold the Reset button for 2 seconds and release to restart system. The LED except Power
indicator will be off before restarting.
Press and hold the Reset button for more than 10 seconds to reset the system to default
configurations.
2. Power: Green LED ON indicates power on, and OFF indicates power off.
3. WLAN: Yellow LED FLASH indicates Wireless Transmit.
4. Ethernet Red LED ON indicates connection, OFF indicates no connection
5. PoE: For connecting to PSE
6. EXT: For connection of optional N-Type antenna (example: TRENDnet TEW-AO19D)
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Mode
CPE Mode
AP Mode
WDS Mode
Management Account
Admin Account
Status Account
Admin Account
Admin Account
User Name
root
admin
root
root
Password
root
admin
root
root
2.2 Web Management Interface Instructions
TEW-455APBO supports web-based configuration. Upon the completion of hardware installation, TEW-
455APBO can be configured through a PC/NB by using its web browser such as Internet Explorer version 6.0 or
higher.
Default IP Address : 192.168.10.100
Default Subnet Mask : 255.255.255.0
Default User Name and Password:
The default user name and password for both root manager account and admin manager account are as
follows:
Step
IP Segment Set-up for Administrator's PC/NB
Set the IP segment of the administrator's computer to be in the same range as TEW-455APBO for
accessing the system. Do not duplicate the IP Address used here with IP Address of TEW-455APBO or any
other device within the network
Example of Segment:
The valid range is 1 ~ 254 and 192.168.10.100 shall be avoided because it is already assigned to TEW-
455APBO and 192.168.10.10 is used in the example below.
IP Address : 192.168.10.10
IP Netmask : 255.255.255.0
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Launch Web Browser
Launch a web browser to access the web management interface of system by entering the default IP
Address, http://192.168.10.100, in the URL field, and then press Enter.
System Login
The network manager Login Page then appears.
Enter “root” as User name and “root” as Password, and then click OK to login to the system; the root
manager account is used as an example here.
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Login Success
System Overview page will appear after successful login.
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Option
System
Wireless
Administrator
Status
Functions
Operating Mode
General Settings
Management
System Overview
LAN
Advanced Settings
Profiles Settings
Clients
Time Server
Virtual AP
Firmware Upgrade
WDS Status
SNMP
WDS Setup
Network Utility
Extra Info
UPNP
Reboot
Event Log
Chapter 3. AP Mode Configuration
When AP mode is chosen, the system can be configured as an Access Point. This section provides detailed
explanation for users to configure in the AP mode with help of illustrations. In the AP mode, functions listed in
the table below are also available from the Web-based GUI interface.
Table 3-1: AP Mode Functions
3.1 External Network Connection
3.1.1 Network Requirement
Normally, TEW-455APBO connects to a wired LAN and provides a wireless connection point to associate with
wireless client as shown in Figure 3-1. Then, Wireless clients could access to LAN or Internet by associating
themselves with TEW-455APBO set in AP mode.
Figure 3-1 Access Point on a Wired LAN Configuration
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3.1.2 Configure LAN IP
Here are the instructions to setup the local IP Address and Netmask.
Please click on System LAN and follow the below setting.
Mode: Check either “Static IP” or “Dynamic IP” button as desired to set up the system IP of LAN port.
Static IP: The administrator can manually setup the LAN IP address when static IP is preferred.
IP Address: The IP address of the LAN port; default IP address is 192.168.10.100
IP Netmask: The Subnet mask of the LAN port; default Netmask is 255.255.255.0
IP Gateway: The default gateway of the LAN port; default Gateway is 192.168.10.1
Dynamic IP: This configuration type is applicable when the TEW-455APBO is connected to a network
with presence of a DHCP server. All related IP information will be provided by the DHCP server
automatically.
Hostname : The Hostname of the LAN port
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DNS: Check either “No Default DNS Server” or “Specify DNS Server IP” button as desired to set up the
system DNS.
Primary: The IP address of the primary DNS server.
Secondary: The IP address of the secondary DNS server.
802.1d Spanning Tree
The spanning tree network protocol provides a loop free topology for a bridged LAN between LAN
interface and 8 WDS interfaces from WDS0 to WDS7. The Spanning Tree Protocol, which is also referred to
as STP, is defined in the IEEE Standard 802.1d.
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes.
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3.2 Wireless LAN Network Creation
The network manager can configure related wireless settings, General Settings, Advanced Settings, Virtual AP
(VAP) Setting, Security Settings, and Access Control Settings.
3.2.1 Wireless General Setup
The administrator can change the data transmission, channel and output power settings for the system. Please
click on Wireless -> General Setup and follow the below setting.
MAC address: The MAC address of the Wireless interface is displayed here.
Band Mode: Select an appropriate wireless band; bands available are 801.11b, 802.11g and
802.11b+802.11g.
Transmit Rate Control: Select the desired rate from the drop-down list; the options are auto or ranging
from 1 to 54Mbps for the 802.11g and 802.11b/g modes, or 1 to 11Mbps for the 802.11b mode.
Domain: Select the desired domain from the drop-down list; the options are FCC and ETSI.
Channel: The channel range will be changed by selecting different domain. The channels range from 1 to
11 for the FCC domain, or 1 to 13 for the ETSI domain.
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Output Power Chart
FCC Domain
ETSI Domain
Level 1
3dBm
1dBm
Level 2
6dBm
2dBm
Level 3
9dBm
3dBm
Level 4
12dBm
4dBm
Level 5
15dBm
5dBm
Level 6
18dBm
6dBm
Level 7
21dBm
6dBm
Level 8
24dBm
6dBm
Level 9
27dBm
6dBm
Tx Power: You can adjust the output power of the system to get the appropriate coverage for your wireless
network. Select the LEVEL 1 to LEVEL 9 that you need for your environment. If you are not sure from which
setting to choose, then use the default LEVEL 9 setting.
*The power value might be ± 1dBm
Super G: Click Enable button to activate super G and Disable to deactivate super G.
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes. The items in this page
are for AP's RF general settings and will be applied to all VAPs.
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3.2.2 Wireless Advanced Setup
To achieve optimal wireless performance, it is necessary to tweak advance setting per requirements properly,
not necessary higher the better or lower.
The administrator can change the RTS threshold and fragmentation threshold settings for the system. Please
click on Wireless -> Advanced Setup and follow the below setting.
Slot T ime : Slot time is in the range of 1~1489 and set in unit of microsecond. The default value is 20
microsecond.
Slot time is the amount of time a device waits after a collision before retransmitting a packet. Reducing the
slot time decreases the overall back-off, which increases throughput. Back-off, which is a multiple of the
slot time, is the random length of time a station waits before sending a packet on the LAN. For a sender
and receiver own right of the channel the shorter slot time help manage shorter wait time to re-transmit
from collision because of hidden wireless clients or other causes. When collision sources can be removed
sooner and other senders attempting to send are listening the channel(CSMA/CA) the owner of the
channel should continue ownership and finish their transmission and release the channel. Then, following
ownership of the channel will be sooner for the new pair due to shorter slot time. However, when long
duration of existing collision sources and shorter slot time exist the owners might experience subsequent
collisions. When adjustment to longer slot time can’t improve performance then RTS/CTS could
supplement and help improve performance.
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Slot Time and ACK/CTS Timeout settings are for long distance links. It is important to tweak settings to achieve the optimal
result based on requirement. The device’s default settings should be sufficient for most applications.
ACK Timeout: ACK timeout is in the range of 1~372 and set in unit of microsecond. The default value is 48
microsecond. All data transmission in 802.11b/g request an “Acknowledgement” (ACK) send by receiving
radio. The transmitter will resend the original packet if correspondent ACK failed to arrive within specific
time interval, also refer to as “ACK Timeout”.
ACK Timeout is adjustable due to the fact that distance between two radio links may vary in different
deployment. ACK Timeout makes significant influence in performance of long distance radio link. If ACK
Timeout is set too short, transmitter will start to “Resend” packet before ACK is received, and throughputs
become low due to excessively high re-transmission.
ACK Timeout is best determined by distance between the radios, data rate of average environment. The
Timeout value is calculated based on round-trip time of packet with a little tolerance, So, if experiencing
re-transmissions or poor performance the ACK Timeout could be made longer to accommodate.
RTS/CTS
Adjustment of RTS Threshold can be done to turn on RTS. CTS Timeout will take effect only when RTS is turned
on.
Unlike wired Ethernet, radio transmission may begin with a RTS (Request to Send) frame, and receiver
responds with a CTS (Clear to Send) frame. The RTS/CTS mechanism is called Channel Cleaning, all stations that
received CTS will back off for certain period of time, multiple of the slot time.
Each CTS packet has a NAV (Network Allocation Vector) number n, the channel is reserved for sender and
receiver for additional n-millisecond. The NAV guarantees the channel is free of interference in next n-
millisecond. The last packet of ACK will set NAV to zero, indicated that connection is done and free the channel
to others.
CTS Timeout: CTS Timeout is in the range of 1~744 and set in unit of microsecond. The default value is 48
microsecond.
CTS Timeout will take effect only when RTS is turned on. Adjustment of RTS Threshold can be done to turn
on RTS. When hidden wireless stations are present in the wireless network RTS can be considered to turn
on to minimize collisions and increase performance. Ensure CTS timeout is long enough to avoid frequent
re-transmission of RTS.
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RSSI Threshold: RSSI Threshold is in the range of -128~127.The default value is 24.
RSSI is defined as Received Signal Strength Indication, when the received signal strength from peer is
below this threshold, the peer will be consider as disconnected. Set the threshold higher will make
roaming happen earlier, set lower will allow weak signal peer to connect. In normal condition, the longer
the distance, the lower the signal strength between peers. You could consider lowering RSSI to increase
the wireless coverage. Increase the RSSI Threshold to have a more stable, but smaller coverage area.
Beacon Interval: Beacon Interval is in the range of 1~5000 and set in unit of millisecond. The default value
is 100 msec.
Access Point (AP) in IEEE 802.11 will send out a special approximated 50-byte frame, called “Beacon”.
Beacon is broadcast to all the stations, provides the basic information of AP such as SSID, channel,
encryption keys, signal strength, time stamp, support data rate.
All the radio stations received beacon recognizes the existence of such AP, and may proceed next actions if
the information from AP matches the requirement. Beacon is sent on a periodic basis, the time interval
can be adjusted.
By increasing the beacon interval, you can reduce the number of beacons and associated overhead, but
that will likely delay the association and roaming process because stations scanning for available access
points may miss the beacons. You can decrease the beacon interval, which increases the rate of beacons.
This will make the association and roaming process very responsive; however, the network will incur
additional overhead and throughput will go down.
DTIM Interval: The DTIM interval is in the range of 1~15. The default is 15.
DTIM is defined as Delivery Traffic Indication Message. It is used to notify the wireless stations, which
support power saving mode, when to wake up to receive multicast frame. DTIM is necessary and critical in
wireless environment as a mechanism to fulfill power-saving synchronization.
A DTIM interval is a count of the number of beacon frames that must occur before the access point sends
the buffered multicast frames. For instance, if DTIM Interval is set to 3, then the Wi-Fi clients will expect
to receive a multicast frame after receiving three Beacon frame. The higher DTIM interval will help power
saving and possibly decrease wireless throughput in multicast applications.
Fragment Threshold: The Fragment Threshold is in the range of 256~2346 byte. The default is 2346 byte.
Each Wi-Fi packet can be divided into smaller packets, marked with a sequential fragment number and re-
assemble in the receiving ends. The purpose is to make a short frame, instead of long frame, transmitting
by radio in a heavy noisy environment. Because of sending smaller frames, corruptions are much less likely
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to occur. The pros is obvious, the cons is the overhead for transmission. So, in a clean environment, higher
fragment threshold can be an option to increase throughput.
Fragmentation will be triggered by setting the Fragment Threshold, usually in Byte-length. Only when the
frame size is over the Threshold, fragmentation will take place automatically.
RTS Threshold: RTS Threshold is in the range of 1~2346 byte. The default is 2346 byte.
The main purpose of enabling RTS by changing RTS threshold is to reduce possible collisions due to hidden
wireless clients. RTS in AP will be enabled automatically if the packet size is larger than the Threshold
value. By default, RTS is disabled in a normal environment supports non-jumbo frames.
Short Preamble: By default, it’s “Enable”. To Disable is to use Long 128-bit Preamble Synchronization field.
The preamble is used to signal "here is a train of data coming" to the receiver. The short preamble
provides 72-bit Synchronization field to improve WLAN transmission efficiency with less overhead.
Tx Burst: By default, it’s “Enable”. To Disable is to deactivate Tx Burst.
With TX burst enabled, AP will send many packets in a burst, without collision detection and RTS/CTS for
each packet. TX Burst have better throughput but cause interference with other APs using the same
channel.
802.11g Protection Mode: By default, it’s “Enable”. To Disable is to deactivate 802.11g Protection Mode.
Protection mode use RTS/CTS to prevent interference with other APs and 802.11b peers, and disabling it
will save transmission time used by RTS/CTS. RTS/CTS threshold is effective only when 802.11g protection
mode is made enable.
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes. The items in this page
are for AP's RF advanced settings and will be applied to all VAPs.
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3.2.3 Create Virtual AP (VAP)
The TEW-455APBO support broadcasting multiple SSIDs, allowing the creation of Virtual Access Points,
partitioning a single physical access point into 8 logical access points, each of which can have a different set of
security, VLAN tag(ID) and network settings. Figure 3-2 shows multiple SSIDs with different security type and
VLAN settings.
Figure 3-2 Multiple SSIDs with different Security Type and VLAN Tag
3.2.3.1 Virtual AP Overview
The administrator can view all of the Virtual AP's settings via this page.
Please click on Wireless -> Virtual AP Setup and the Virtual AP Overview Page appears.
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VAP: Indicate the system's available Virtual AP
ESSID: Indicate the ESSID of the respective Virtual AP
Status: Indicate the Status of the respective Virtual AP. The VAP0 always On
Security Type: Indicate an used security type of the respective Virtual AP
MAC Filter: Indicate an used MAC filter of the respective Virtual AP
MAC Filter Setup: Click Setup button to configure Virtual AP's MAC filter.
VAP Edit: Click Edit button to configure Virtual AP's settings, including security type.
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3.2.3.2 Virtual AP Setup
For each Virtual AP, administrators can configure SSID, VLAN tag (ID), SSID broadcasting, Maximum number of
client associations, security type settings.
Click Edit button on the VAP Edit column, and then a Virtual AP setup page appears.
ESSID: Extended Service Set ID, when clients are browsing for available wireless networks, this is the SSID
that will appear in the list. ESSID will determine the service type available to AP clients associated with the
specified VAP. (Note: Spaces are acceptable characters in the ESSID)
Enable VAP: By default, it’s “Disable” for VAP1 ~ VAP7. The VAP0 always enabled.
Select “Enable” to activate VAP or click “Disable” to deactivate this function
Hidden SSID: By default, it’s “Disable”.
Enable this option to stop the SSID broadcast in your network. When disabled, people could easily obtain
the SSID information with the site survey software and get access to the network if security is not turned
on. When enabled, network security is enhanced. It’s suggested to enable it after AP security settings are
archived and setting of AP clients could make to associate to it.
Client Isolation: By default, it’s “Disable”.
Select “Enable”, all clients will be isolated from each other, which means they can’t reach each other.
WMM: By default, it’s “Disable”.
Select “Enable”, then packets with WMM QoS will take higher priority.
WMM prioritizes traffic according to four Access Categories (AC) - voice, video, best effort, and
background. However, it does not provide guaranteed throughput. Packets with QOS header including
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