TransCore MPRX User Manual

Multiprotocol Reader Extreme (MPRX)

System Guide

16-0079-001 Rev A 11/16

TransCore’s Multiprotocol Reader Extreme (MPRX) is a radio frequency identiﬁcation (RFID) reader that is speciﬁcally designed for harsh environment applications.

Purpose of This Guide

This guide provides site planning and testing, installing, and operating instructions for TransCore’s Multiprotocol Reader Extreme (MPRX) System, which reads Association of American Railroads (AAR) formatted tags and TransCore Super eGo® (SeGo) protocol tags. Before you begin installing the MPRX, TransCore recommends that you familiarize yourself with this manual.

Intended Audience

This document is intended for use by authorized TransCore MPRX dealers, installers, and service personnel. Because the MPRX has no operator or end-user serviceable components or features, no end-user manual or operator guide exists. Once the system is set up and tested by the authorized installer, MPRX operation requires no end-user intervention. Information in this document is subject to change and does not represent a commitment on the part of TransCore, LP.

Trusted Transportation Solutions

System Guide

© 2016 TransCore, LP. All rights reserved. TRANSCORE, AMTECH, EGO, TRU, and ENCOMPASS are registered trademarks and are used under license. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Contents are subject to change. Printed in the U.S.A.

For further information, contact:

TransCore 8600 Jeerson Street NE Albuquerque, New Mexico 87113 USA

TransCore Technical Support

Web: www.transcore.com/rﬁdsupport

Phone: (505) 856-8007

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MPRX

WARNING TO USERS IN THE UNITED STATES

FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION FCC

LOCATION AND MONITORING SERVICE STATEMENT

47 CFR §90.351

NOTE: The user is required to obtain a Part 90 site license from the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to operate this radio frequency identiﬁcation (RFID) device in the United States. The FCC ID number is FIHMPRX. Access the FCC website at www.fcc.gov to obtain additional information concerning licensing requirements.

NOTE: Users in all countries should check with the appropriate local authorities for licensing requirements.

FCC RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE STATEMENT

47 CFR §15.105A

NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate RF energy and may cause harmful interference to radio communications if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual. Operating this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference, in which case, depending on the laws in eect, the user may be required to correct the interference at their own expense.

NO UNAUTHORIZED MODIFICATIONS

47 CFR §15.21

CAUTION: This equipment may not be modiﬁed, altered, or changed in any way without

permission. Unauthorized modiﬁcation may void the equipment authorization from the FCC and will void the warranty.

USE OF SHIELDED CABLES AND GROUNDING

47 CFR §15.27A

NOTE: Shielded cables and earth grounding the unit is recommended for this equipment to comply

with FCC regulations.

TRANSCORE, LP

USA

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System Guide

REMARQUE : L’utilisateur est tenu d’obtenir une licence d’utilisation sur site Partie 90 auprès de la Federal Communications Commission (FCC) aﬁn de pouvoir utiliser ce dispositif RFID (radioidentiﬁcation) aux États-Unis ou au Canada. Le numéro d’identiﬁcation de la FCC est FIHMPRX.Pour obtenir de plus amples informations concernant les exigences relatives aux licences, prière de consulter le site web de la FCC à www.fcc.gov.

REMARQUE : Il est recommandé à tous les utilisateurs, quel que soit leur pays, de consulter les autorités locales compétentes sur les exigences de licence.

AVERTISSEMENT À L’ATTENTION DES

UTILISATEURS AUX ÉTATSUNIS

DÉCLARATION 47 CFR §90.351 CODE DES RÈGLEMENTS FÉDÉRAUX DE LA FEDERAL

COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION FCC SUR LES

SERVICES DE LOCALISATION ET DE CONTRÔLE

DÉCLARATION 47 CFR §15.105A DE LA FCC SUR

LES INTERFÉRENCES DES FRÉQUENCES RADIO

REMARQUE : Cet appareil a été testé et déclaré conforme à la catégorie d’un appareil numérique de classe A en accord avec la partie 15 des directives de la FCC. Ces normes visent à assurer une protection raisonnable contre les interférences nuisibles lorsque l’appareil est utilisé dans un environnement commercial. Cet appareil génère, utilise et peut émettre de l’énergie RF et peut être à l’origine d’interférences nuisibles aux communications radio s’il n’est pas installé et utilisé en suivant les directives du manuel d’instructions. Si cet appareil est utilisé dans une zone résidentielle, il est probable qu’il cause des interférences nuisibles. Dans ce cas, l’utilisateur pourrait être amené à remédier aux interférences à ses propres frais, selon les lois du pays en vigueur.

AUCUNE MODIFICATION NON AUTORISÉE

47 CFR §15.21

MISE EN GARDE : Il est interdit de modiﬁer, d’altérer ou d’apporter des changements à cet appareil de quelque manière que ce soit sans autorisation. Toute modiﬁcation non autorisée peut annuler l’autorisation d’utilisation accordée par la FCC et annulera la garantie.

UTILISATION DE CÂBLES BLINDÉS ET MISE À LA TERRE

47 CFR §15.27A

REMARQUE : Il est recommandé d’utiliser des câbles blindés et une mise à la terre avec cet appareil aﬁn de répondre aux réglementations de la FCC

TRANSCORE, LP

ÉTATSUNIS

TransCore Proprietary

MPRX

WARNING TO USERS IN CANADA

INDUSTRY CANADA IC INDUSTRY CANADA’S RADIO STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS RSS137 LOCATION

AND MONITORING SERVICE IN THE BAND 902928 MHZ SECTION 2.1

NOTE: The user is required to obtain a license from Industry Canada (IC), to operate this radio frequency identiﬁcation (RFID) device in Canada. The IC ID number is 1584A-MPRX, access the IC website at www.ic.gc.ca to obtain additional information concerning licensing requirements.

Industry Canada (IC) Industry Canada’s Radio Standard Speciﬁcations General Requirements

(RSS-GEN) for Compliance of Radio Apparatus Statement Section 8.4

This device complies with Industry Canada’s license-exempt RSSs. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:

1 ) This device may not cause interference; and

2 ) This device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause

undesired operation of the device.

AVERTISSEMENT AUX UTILISATEURS AU CANADA

INDUSTRIE CANADA IC INDUSTRIE CANADA RADIO STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS CNR137 EMPLACEMENT ET SERVICE DE SURVEILLANCE DANS LA BANDE 902928 MHZ, SECTION 2.1

Remarque : L’utilisateur est tenu d’obtenir une licence d’Industrie Canada (IC), aﬁn d’exploiter ce dispositif d’identiﬁcation par radiofréquence au Canada. Le numéro d’identiﬁcation d’IC est 1584A-MPRX. Pour obtenir de plus amples informations concernant les exigences relatives aux licences, prière de consulter le site web de d’IC à www.ic.gc.ca .

Radio Standard Spéciﬁcations exigences générales Industrie Canada (IC) Industrie Canada

(CNR-GEN) pour s’acquitter du Radio appareil déclaration article 8.4

Le présent appareil est conforme aux CNR d'Industrie Canada applicables aux appareils radio exempts de licence. L'exploitation est autorisée aux deux conditions suivantes :

1 ) l'appareil ne doit pas produire de brouillage, et

2 ) l'utilisateur de l'appareil doit accepter tout brouillage radioélectrique subi, même si le

brouillage est susceptible d'en compromettre le fonctionnement.

TransCore Proprietary

System Guide

Several agencies (OSHA, FCC, IC) have environmental guidelines regulating maximum permissible exposure (MPE) or “safe” exposure levels that this product falls under. To ensure that proper safety guideline for the end users of this product, i.e. Occupational (Controlled) and General Population/ Public (Uncontrolled), the recommended levels for each of the agencies are presented in the next sections with TransCore’s recommendations for safety in the last section.

OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration)

OSHA (an agency of The United States of America) legislates in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Title 29 Part 1910 Subpart G 1910.97 titled “Nonionizing radiation”, a maximum safe exposure limit of 10 milliwatts per square centimeter (mW/cm2) during any 0.1-hour period (i.e. 6 minutes). Using the frequency (in the middle of the band of operation of this equipment) of 915 MHz and the highest antenna gain that this equipment is certiﬁed for use in a ﬁnal installation, the minimum safe distance was calculated to be 8in (20cm).

RADIO FREQUENCY HEALTH LIMITS FOR MPRX READER

USING AN EXTERNAL ANTENNA IN FREQUENCY BAND

OF 902.25 TO 903.75 AND 910.00 TO 921.50 MHZ

FCC (Federal Communication Commission)

FCC (an agency of The United States of America) legislates in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Title 47 Chapter I Subchapter A Part 1 Subpart I Section 1.1310 titled “Radiofrequency radiation exposure limits” that the maximum permissible exposure (MPE) is the following:

Occupational/Controlled Exposure

Power density = frequency (in MHz)/300 mW/cm2 with an Averaging time of 6 Min

General Population/Uncontrolled Exposure

Power density = frequency (in MHz)/1500 mW/cm2 with an Averaging time of 30 Min

Using the frequency (in the middle of the band of operation of this equipment) of 915MHz and the highest antenna gain that this equipment is certiﬁed for use in a ﬁnal installation, the minimum safe distance was calculated. The MPE minimum distances are 14in (36cm) for the Occupational/ Controlled environment, and 31.5in (80.5cm) for the General Population/Uncontrolled environment.

Industry Canada (Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada)

Industry Canada (a Department of the Government of Canada) sets out the requirements in Radio Standards Speciﬁcation RSS-102, Issue 5 guidelines, recommending a maximum safe

TransCore Proprietary

power density in W/m2. Thus, the maximum permissible exposure for general population/ uncontrolled exposure at 915MHz is 2.77 W/m2. The average time is 6 minutes. The maximum permissible exposure (MPE) is the following:

Controlled Environment

MPRX

Power density = 0.6455*frequency (in MHz)

0.5

W/m2 with a Reference Period time of 6 Min

General Public/Uncontrolled Environment

Power density = 0.02619*frequency (in MHz)

0.6834

W/m2 with a Reference Period time of 6 Min

Using the frequency (in the middle of the band of operation of this equipment) of 915MHz and the highest antenna gain that this equipment is certiﬁed for use in a ﬁnal installation, the minimum safe distance was calculated. The MPE minimum distances are 18in (45cm) for the Controlled environment and 47in (120cm) for the General Public/Uncontrolled environment.

TransCore Recommendation on MPE (Maximum Permissible Exposure)

The calculated power densities and MPE distance for each of the agencies respective to the environment is shown below.

Occupational/Controlled Environment

Agency Power Density (mW/cm2) MPE minimum distance Time (min)

in cm

OSHA 10 7 18 6

FCC 3.05 13 32 6

IC 1.95 16 40 6

General Population/Public/Uncontrolled Environment

Agency Power Density (mW/cm2) MPE minimum distance Time (min)

In cm

OSHA 10 7 18 6

FCC 0.61 28 72 30

IC 0.28 42 106 6

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With the equipment installed and running at the maximum transmit power of 1.6W (32dBm), 0dB transmit attenuation, using the highest gain antenna that the equipment is certiﬁed for, the recommendation for each of the operation environments is as follows:

1 ) The antenna should be installed at least 42in (106cm) from the General Population/

Public i.e. Uncontrolled Environment.

2 ) Maintenance personnel (i.e. Occupational/Controlled Environment) must remain at least

16in (40cm) from the antenna and limit their time in the environment to 6 minutes when the system is operating.

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MPRX

LIMITES D’EXPOSITION AUX RADIOFRÉQUENCES POUR LE LECTEUR MPRX

UTILISANT UNE ANTENNE EXTERNE SUR LA BANDE

DE FRÉQUENCES DE 902.25 À 903.75 ET DE 910.00 À 921.50 MHZ

Plusieurs organismes (OSHA, FCC, IC) publient des directives environnementales qui recommandent des limites d’exposition maximale autorisée (normes MPE) ou des niveaux d’exposition «sûrs» auxquels cet appareil se conforme. Pour faire en sorte que chaque utilisateur ﬁnal ait connaissance des directives de sécurité qui le concerne, que ce soit dans son travail (accès contrôlé) ou pour la population générale/le grand public (accès non contrôlé), TransCore présente les niveaux recommandés par chaque organisme dans ses recommandations sécuritaires détaillées dans la dernière section.

OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration)

Dans le Code des réglementations fédérales (CFR), Titre 29, Partie 1910, Sous-partie G 1910.97, intitulée «Nonionizing radiation» (Rayonnements non ionisants), l’OSHA (organisme américain) recommande un plafond d’exposition maximale de 10 milliwatts par centimètre carré (mW/cm2) pendant une période de 0,1 heure (soit 6 minutes). En utilisant la fréquence de 915 MHz (milieu de la bande de fréquences de cet appareil) et le gain d’antenne maximal pour lequel cet appareil a reçu une certiﬁcation d’utilisation dans une installation ﬁnale, la distance minimale sécuritaire est de 20 cm (8 po).

FCC (Federal Communication Commission)

Dans le Code des réglementations fédérales (CFR), Titre 47, Chapitre I, Sous-chapitre A, Partie 1, Sous-partie I, Section 1.1310 intitulée «Radiofrequency radiation exposure limits» (Limites d’exposition aux rayonnements de radiofréquence), la FCC (organisme américain) établit les limites d’exposition maximale autorisée (normes MPE) comme suit :

Exposition professionnelle/contrôlée

Densité de puissance = fréquence (en MHz)/300 mW/cm2 avec une durée moyenne de 6 min.

Exposition de la population générale/non contrôlée

Densité de puissance = fréquence (en MHz)/1500 mW/cm2 avec une durée moyenne de 30 min.

En utilisant la fréquence de 915 MHz (milieu de la bande de fréquences de cet appareil) et le gain d’antenne maximal pour lequel cet appareil a reçu une certiﬁcation d’utilisation dans une installation ﬁnale, la distance minimale sécuritaire est la suivante : les distances MPE minimales sont de 36 cm (14 po) pour l’environnement professionnel/contrôlé et de 80,5 cm (31,5 po) pour la population générale/environnement non contrôlé.

TransCore Proprietary

System Guide

Industrie Canada (Innovation, Sciences et Développement économique Canada)

Le Cahier des charges sur les normes radioélectriques 102, 5e édition, d’Industrie Canada (un ministère du Gouvernement du Canada) établit des recommandations pour une densité de

puissance maximale sécuritaire en W/m2. Ainsi, l’exposition maximale admissible pour la population générale/non contrôlée à 915 MHz est calculée à 2,77 W/m2. La durée moyenne est de 6 minutes. Les limites d’exposition maximale autorisée (normes MPE) sont les suivantes :

Environnement contrôlé

Densité de puissance = 0,6455*fréquence (en MHz)

0,5

W/m2 avec une durée de référence de 6 min.

Grand public/environnement non contrôlé

Densité de puissance = 0,02619*fréquence (en MHz)

0,6834

W/m2 avec une durée de référence de 6 min.

En utilisant la fréquence de 915 MHz (milieu de la bande de fréquences de cet appareil) et le gain d’antenne maximal pour lequel cet appareil a reçu une certiﬁcation d’utilisation dans une installation ﬁnale, la distance minimale sécuritaire est la suivante : les distances MPE minimales sont de 45 cm (18 po) pour l’environnement professionnel/contrôlé et de 120 cm (47 po) pour le grand public/environnement non contrôlé.

Recommandations de TransCore sur les limites d’exposition maximale autorisée (normes MPE)

Les densités de puissance et la distance MPE calculées par chaque organisme pour un environnement donné sont présentées ci dessous.

Exposition professionnelle/environnement contrôlé

Organisme

Densité de puissance (mW/

cm2)

Distance MPE minimale

Durée (en min.)

po cm

OSHA 10 7 18 6

FCC 3,05 13 32 6

IC 1,95 16 40 6

Population générale/environnement non contrôlé

Organisme

Densité de puissance (mW/

cm2)

Distance MPE minimale

Durée (en min.)

po cm

OSHA 10 7 18 6

FCC 0,61 28 72 30

IC 0,28 42 106 6

TransCore Proprietary

MPRX

Avec l’appareil installé et fonctionnant à la puissance de transmission maximale de 1,6W (32dBm), 0dB d’atténuation de transmission, et en utilisant le gain d’antenne maximal pour lequel l’appareil a reçu une certiﬁcation, les recommandations pour chaque environnement d’exploitation sont les suivantes :

1 ) L’antenne devrait être installée à au moins 106 cm (42 po) de la population générale/du

grand public, c’est-à-dire d’un environnement non contrôlé.

2 ) Le personnel d’entretien (c’est-à-dire dans un environnement professionnel/contrôlé)

doit rester à au moins 40 cm (16 po) de l’antenne et limiter son temps d’exposition à 6 minutes lorsque l’appareil est en fonctionnement.

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Table of Contents

Purpose of This Guide ................................................i

Intended Audience .................................................... i

Chapter 1 Introduction ..........................................1–2

Licensing Requirements ........................................... 1–4

Technical Support................................................. 1–4

Chapter 2 Developing the Site Plan ...............................2–2

System Description ...............................................2–2

Overview of Site Planning..........................................2–3

Reading of Mixed Population Tags.......................................2–3

Antenna and Tag Alignment ........................................2–4

Antenna Selection ................................................2–6

MPRX

Site Layout and Trac Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2–6

Electrical and Communications Requirements.........................2–9

Chapter 3 Choosing, Installing, Removing Tags .....................3–2

Compatible Tag Types ................................................3–2

Recommended Mounting Locations .................................3–2

Locomotive Mounting Guidelines ...................................3–6

Rail Car Mounting Guidelines.......................................3–8

Tank Car Mounting Guidelines .....................................3–10

Chapter 4 Installing the MPRX.............................................4–2

Installation Process ...............................................4–2

Pre-installation Testing of the MPRX .................................4–3

Mounting the MPRX...............................................4–9

Mounting the Antenna Rail-Side ....................................4–11

Connecting the Power Supply ......................................4–11

Connecting Communications ...................................... 4–12

Connecting Sense Input and Sense Output Circuits................... 4–12

Marking the Read Zone ........................................... 4–13

Chapter 5 General Software Information ..........................5–2

Command Entry Conventions........................................ 5–2

Command Response Conventions ................................... 5–3

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i–i

System Guide

Operating Parameters .............................................. 5–3

Power Fail ......................................................... 5–4

Program Download ...............................................5–4

Startup ..........................................................5–4

Tag/Message Buer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5–5

Chapter 6 Communications Protocols .............................6–2

Introduction......................................................6–2

Basic Protocol ....................................................6–3

Error Correcting Protocol...........................................6–3

Data Inquiry Protocol ..............................................6–4

Basic Protocol and ECP Format .....................................6–4

Host-Addressed Failure Conditions..................................6–11

ECP Reliability...................................................6–12

CRC Calculation .................................................6–12

Manually Disabling ECP for Maintenance............................ 6–15

Chapter 7 Commands ...........................................7–2

Introduction......................................................7–2

Operating Modes .................................................7–2

Command List....................................................7–4

Chapter 8 Conﬁguring the MPRX..................................8–2

Conﬁguring the Reader ............................................8–2

Conﬁguring Parameters with Terminal Emulation Software..............8–3

Conﬁguring MPRX Parameters.......................................8–11

Chapter 9 Troubleshooting and Maintenance ......................9–1

Error Messages ................................................... 9–1

MPRX Repair .....................................................9–4

Technical Support .................................................9–4

Marketing Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9–5

Chapter 10 Interface to Train Recording Unit .....................10–2

TRU System Overview............................................10–2

MPRX to TRU Connection.........................................10–3

Chapter 11 AT5720 Check Tag-to-MPRX Assembly.................. 11–2

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Required Supplies ................................................11–2

Appendix A Glossary............................................A–2

Appendix B Technical Speciﬁcations...............................B–2

Reader Speciﬁcations .............................................B–2

Appendix C Wiring Information ...................................C–2

Appendix D Command Quick Reference ...........................D–2

Command Syntax .................................................D–2

Factory Default Settings ...........................................D–2

Numerical Command List ..........................................D–3

Alphabetical Command List .......................................D–14

MPRX

Appendix E Compatible Tag Information ...........................E–2

Tag Conﬁgurations ...............................................E–2

Tag Data Formats .................................................E–4

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List of Figures

Figure 2 – 1 MPRX End Views ........................................................................................................ 2–2

Figure 2 – 2 Tag and Antenna Orientation (horizontal polarization) ..................................... 2–4

Figure 2 – 3 Horizontally Polarized Tag ........................................................................................................2–5

Figure 2 – 4 Antenna Location Relative to Tag Position ..........................................................2–6

Figure 2 – 5 Location of Host Port on MPRX..............................................................................2–11

Figure 2 – 6 Pin Assignments for Host Connector ...................................................................2–11

Figure 2 – 7 Location of Sense Port on MPRX .......................................................................... 2–12

Figure 2 – 8 Pin Assignments for Sense Connector ............................................................... 2–12

Figure 3 – 9 Clear Zone –Side View ............................................................................................. 3–4

Figure 3 – 10 Clear Zone –End View ............................................................................................ 3–4

Figure 3 – 11 Mounting Location Examples ..................................................................................3–5

Figure 3 – 12 Tag Placement Window for Locomotives – Right Front ..................................... 3–6

Figure 3 – 13 Right Front Placement of Tag on Locomotive .................................................... 3–7

Figure 3 – 14 Tag Placement Window Location for Locomotives — Left Rear ......................3–7

Figure 3 – 15 Optimal Tag Placement for Locomotives ........................................................... 3–8

Figure 3 – 16 Tag Placement Window Location for Rail Cars –“A” Right Side ...................3–9

Figure 3 – 17 Tag Placement Window Location for Rail Cars -“B” Left Side ........................... 3–9

Figure 3 – 18 Optimal Tag Placement for Rail Cars ................................................................... 3–10

Figure 3 – 19 Tag Placement Window Location for Tank Cars –“B” Left Side ...................3–11

Figure 3 – 20 Optimal Tag Placement for Tank Cars ..............................................................3–11

Figure 4 – 1 Wiring for Audible Circuit Tester ........................................................................... 4–4

Figure 4 – 2 Connect RF N-type Load or Attenuator to Reader Cable End .......................4–5

Figure 4 – 3 Short Load to Earth Ground ..................................................................................... 4–5

Figure 4 – 4 MPRX Showing Antenna Ports ................................................................................ 4–6

Figure 4 – 5 Location of MPRX Ground Stud .............................................................................. 4–7

Figure 4 – 6 Location of Communications/Power Port on MPRX .........................................4–8

Figure 4 – 7 MPRX Outer Dimensions and Mounting Hole Locations (not to scale) ....... 4–10

Figure 4 – 8 Sample Read Zone Marking Pattern ..................................................................... 4–15

Figure 8 – 1 Connection Description Dialog Box ........................................................................... 8–4

Figure 8 – 2 Phone Number Dialog Box ........................................................................................... 8–4

Figure 8 – 3 COM 1 Properties Dialog Box ........................................................................................ 8–5

Figure 8 – 4 Hyper Terminal Main Screen....................................................................................8–6

Figure 8 – 5 Sign-on Message ........................................................................................................ 8–7

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Figure 8 – 6 Tag and Antenna Orientation (horizontal polarization) ..................................... 8–9

Figure 8 – 7 Successful Tag Read ................................................................................................. 8–10

Figure 8 – 8 Second Successful Tag Read ................................................................................ 8–10

Figure 8 – 9 MPRX RF Control Options ....................................................................................... 8–14

Figure 10 – 1 TRU Front Panel Showing Operational LEDs..................................................10–2

Figure 10 – 2 TRU-MPRX Communications Interface Cable Port (bottom of TRU) .......... 10–3

Figure 10 – 3 MPRX-TRU Communications Interface Cable .................................................. 10–4

Figure 11 – 1 Place Nut and Grommet Over Exposed Check Tag Wires ............................. 11–3

Figure 11 – 2 Feed Check Tag Wires through Plastic Housing Connector ........................... 11–3

Figure 11 – 3 Connect Check Tag Wires ........................................................................................11–3

Figure 11 – 4 Two Check Tag Assemblies Connected to Terminal Strip .................................11–4

Figure 11 – 5 Securing Terminal Strip into Connector Housing .............................................. 11–5

Figure 11 – 6 Plastic Nuts with Grommets ....................................................................................11–5

MPRX

Figure 11 – 7 Nylon Cap Securely Fastened in Unused Port ..................................................11–6

Figure 11 – 8 Check Tag Assembly Secured to MPRX Port .....................................................11–6

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System Guide

List of Tables

Table 1 – 1 MPRX System Guide Overview .................................................................................. 1–2

Table 1 – 2 Typographical Conventions .........................................................................................1–3

Table 2 – 1 Staggered Reader Frequencies for AAR-formatted Tag Operation ................. 2–8

Table 2 – 2 Staggered Reader Frequencies for Tag Operation Outside the U.S. .............. 2–8

Table 2 – 3 Connector Cabling Accessory Kits ........................................................................2–10

Table 2 – 4 Power Supply Current Requirements ...................................................................... 2–10

Table 2 – 5 Reader to Antenna Cable Performance ................................................................. 2–13

Table 3 – 1 Tags Read by the MPRX ................................................................................................3–2

Table 4 – 1 Installation Accessories................................................................................................4–3

Table 4 – 2 MPRX-to-Host Communications Cable Pin Designations .................................. 4–8

Table 4 – 3 Commands for Testing RF Port-0 ............................................................................. 4–14

Table 4 – 4 Commands for Testing RF PORT-1 ......................................................................................4–16

Table 4 – 5 Commands for Testing RF PORT-2 ....................................................................................4–16

Table 4 – 6 Commands for Testing RF PORT-3 .........................................................................4–16

Table 5 – 1 Four-Character Command Structure ........................................................................ 5–1

Table 5 – 2 Sample Command Sequence....................................................................................5–2

Table 7 – 1 Select Baud Rate Commands ..................................................................................... 7–6

Table 7 – 2 Select Stop Bits Commands ......................................................................................7–6

Table 7 – 3 Select Parity Commands ............................................................................................. 7–7

Table 7 – 4 Append Time and Date Commands ....................................................................... 7–9

Table 7 – 5 Append Auxiliary Information Commands ............................................................. 7–10

Table 7 – 6 Unique ID Code Criteria .............................................................................................. 7–11

Table 7 – 7 Select Valid Code Commands and Frames ........................................................... 7–12

Table 7 – 8 Flow Control Commands ...........................................................................................7–25

Table 7 – 9 RF Control Commands ...............................................................................................7–26

Table 7 – 10 RF Attenuation Command Variables .....................................................................7–27

Table 7 – 11 Select RF Frequency Commands ............................................................................7–29

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Table 7 – 12 Presence Without Tag Report Commands .......................................................... 7–30

Table 7 – 13 RF Control Algorithm Commands .......................................................................... 7–31

Table 7 – 14 Timeout Period Values ..................................................................................................... 7–32

Table 7 – 15 Input Inversion Options .............................................................................................7–33

Table 8 – 1 MPRX Default Conﬁguration Settings ..................................................................... 8–2

Table 8 – 2 Command Sequence to Verify Communications ................................................ 8–8

Table 9 – 1 Error Messages ............................................................................................................. 9–1

Table 9 – 2 Symptoms and Remedies ..........................................................................................9–2

Table 10 – 1 MPRX-to-TRU Interface Cable Pin and Signal Designations ......................... 10–4

Table 11 – 1 Check Tag Kit Parts List ............................................................................................... 11–2

Table 11 – 2 Check Tag 0 Wire Assignments ................................................................................ 11–4

MPRX

Table 11 – 3 Check Tag 1 Wire Assignments ................................................................................. 11–4

Table C – 1 Communications Interfaces and Conductor Requirements ............................... C–2

Table C – 2 MPRX Host Communications Cable Pin Designations ......................................C–2

Table C – 3 MPRX SENSE Communications Cable Pin Designations ..................................C–4

Table D – 1 MPRX Default Conﬁguration Settings ......................................................................D–2

Table D – 2 MPRX Commands Listed Numerically .................................................................... D–4

Table D – 3 MPRX Commands Listed Alphabetically ............................................................... D–14

Table E – 1 SeGo Protocol Tags ...................................................................................................... E–2

Table E – 2 AAR-formatted Tags ..................................................................................................................E–3

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vii

Chapter 1

Introduction

System Guide

Chapter 1 Introduction

This chapter presents an overview of the MPRX System Guide.

Table 1 – 1 describes the contents of each chapter.

Table 1 – 1 MPRX System Guide Overview

Chapter Number

and Title

Chapter 1 – Introduction Outlines the manual’s organization, provides a brief description of the

MPRX, and discusses Federal Communications Commission (FCC) licensing requirements.

Chapter 2 – Developing the Site Plan

Chapter 3 – Choosing, Installing, and Removing Tags

Chapter 4 – Installing the Multiprotocol Reader Extreme

Chapter 5 – General Software Information

Chapter 6 – Communications Protocols

Chapter 7 – Commands Discusses the host-transmitted commands that are used to control MPRX

Chapter 8 – Conﬁguring the Multiprotocol Reader Extreme

Chapter 9 – Troubleshooting and Maintenance

Chapter 10 –Interface to Train Recording Unit

Chapter 11 – Connecting AT5720 Check Tag-toMPRX Assembly

Discusses factors to be considered when developing the site plan and before ordering equipment and installing the MPRX. These considerations include antenna and tag alignment, site layout and trac ﬂow, and electrical and communications requirements.

Contains information on compatible tag models and provides procedures for installing tags onto, and removing tags from, railcars where the MPRX is installed.

Lists the materials needed and provides procedures to install the MPRX, including pre-installation testing, installing the MPRX in a railside hut or NEMA enclosure, connecting power and communications, connecting to TransCore’s Train Recording Unit (TRU™), and marking the read zone

Provide reference information on various software-related topics

Provide reference information on various communications protocols.

conﬁguration and operation.

Provides procedures for conﬁguring and ﬁne-tuning the MPRX after installing it at the site, including marking the read zone.

Answers the most commonly asked questions about installing and maintaining the MPRX.

Describes the interoperability between the MPRX and the TRU.

Explains how to connect one or two check tags to the MPRX.

Description

1–2

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MPRX

Chapter Number

and Title

Appendix A – Glossary Contains frequently used terms.

Appendix B – Technical Speciﬁcations

Appendix C – Wiring Information

Appendix D – Command Quick Reference

Appendix E – Compatible Tag Information

Index Provides an alphabetical listing of guide topics.

Provides the MPRX speciﬁcations.

Shows the wiring connections for the communications interfaces, electrical cable connections, and the external interface signal wiring.

Lists the MPRX factory default conﬁguration settings and provides host software commands in numerical and alphabetical order.

Provides helpful information about tags that are compatible with the MPRX.

Description

Typographical Conventions

The conventions listed in Table 1 – 1 are used in this manual.

Table 1 – 2 Typographical Conventions

Convention Indication

Concerns about a procedure.

Code

Dialog Box Title Menu Item

Factory Default Settings

Note Auxiliary information that further clariﬁes the current

NUL NULL

Caution

Code, including keywords and variables within text and as separate paragraphs, and user-deﬁned program elements within text appear in courier typeface.

Title of a dialog box as it appears on screen.

Appears on a menu. Capitalization follows the interface.

Identiﬁes factory default settings

discussion. These important points require the user’s attention. The paragraph is in italics and the word Note is bold.

Zero-value ASCII character or a zero-value byte.

Zero-value pointers. Null-terminated string refers to strings of printable ASCII characters with a zero-value byte placed in memory directly after the last printable character of the string.

This procedure might cause harm to the equipment and/or the user.

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System Guide

Licensing Requirements

An FCC license provides the user with the legal authorization to operate the MPRX on the licensed frequencies at the site speciﬁed in the license. Only an authorized installer or service technician can set the RF frequency of the MPRX to the frequency speciﬁed in the FCC site license. No end-user-operated controls exist on the MPRX.

The FCC license may provide the user with protection and authorization to maintain the system should any other RFID product be used in the licensed area after the MPRX equipment is installed.

Users of the MPRX in the United States must obtain a license from the FCC. In the United States, the authorized modulated (SeGo protocol operation) frequency band for this product is 911.75 to 919.75 MHz and the authorized continuous wave (AAR-formatted operation) frequency band is 902.25 to 903.75 MHz and 910.00 to 921.50 MHz.

The user is responsible for ﬁling the FCC license according to FCC regulations, but the TransCore dealer will provide assistance and support as necessary to complete these forms. Forms are available online at the FCC internet site http://wireless.fcc.gov/uls. For further information on obtaining the license contact TransCore.

Caution

This equipment can be set to frequency ranges outside those authorized for use in the U.S. by the FCC. Users in all countries should check with the appropriate local authorities for licensing requirements.

Technical Support

Authorized dealers and distributors are responsible for the direct support of all customers. Authorized dealers and distributors needing technical support can contact:

Technical Support: Phone: (505) 856-8007

Web: transcore.com/rﬁdsupport

Please be prepared to answer a series of questions that are designed to direct you to the best support resource available.

1–4

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MPRX

TransCore Proprietary

1–5

Chapter 2

Developing the Site Plan

System Guide

Antenna Ports

Interface Selection Switch

Host Port

Sense Port

Ethernet Port

Chapter 2 Developing the Site Plan

This chapter provides a brief description of the Multiprotocol Reader Extreme (MPRX) and discusses site plan development for installing the MPRX System.

System Description

The MPRX is a reader that supports Association of American Railroads (AAR) formatted tags and TransCore’s low-cost, high-performance Super eGo® (SeGo) radio frequency identiﬁcation (RFID) technology.

The MPRX is a high-power unit that reads full frame tags. The reader output power can be adjusted using reader commands.

The MPRX can multiplex up to four antennas, which allows a single reader to be used for two tracks. The MPRX can support up to two AT5720 Check Tags.

Reader

The MPRX consists of an input/output (I/O) module, a power supply, a reader logic board (also called a tag decoder), and a radio frequency (RF) transmitter/receiver (called the RF module) in a compact enclosure. These MPRX components are contained in a highly reliable, compact, and easy-to-install package. Figure 2 – 1 shows the Host connector, Sense connector, Ethernet connector, Interface Selection Switch, and antenna ports locations on opposite ends of the MPRX.

Figure 2 – 1 MPRX End Views

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Tags

The MPRX has the capability to read TransCore AAR formatted read-only full frame tags and TransCore SeGo protocol tags, for example, the AT5118 Harsh Environment Transportation Tag and the AT5120 Transportation Tag.

How It Works

The MPRX directs the RF module to generate an RF signal, which is broadcast through the external antenna mounted railside. Entering the MPRX’s reading range, a TransCore RFID tag installed on a railcar or other asset to be tracked adds its programmed identiﬁcation information to the signal and reﬂects the signal back to the MPRX. The MPRX receives this modiﬁed, or modulated signal, and decodes the tag data carried by the reﬂected signal and transmits this data to the Train Recording Unit (TRU) or local host computer for processing.

MPRX

Overview of Site Planning

Developing a site plan provides the foundation for the site’s system design and establishes the following system conﬁguration parameters:

• Number and general location of primary components

• Number of dierent radio frequencies required

Gathering relevant site information is crucial before applying for Federal Communications Commission (FCC) or regulatory agency approval from the country where the equipment is to be used and ordering and installing MPRX(s) and tags.

Also, consider the following factors when developing a site plan:

• Type of tags used

• Antenna and tag alignment

• Site layout and rail trac ﬂow

• MPRX and/or antenna mounting requirements

• MPRX electrical requirements

• MPRX communications requirements

These factors provide relevant information regarding each site’s physical and electromagnetic environment and the conditions under which the system must perform.

Reading of Mixed Population Tags

The MPRX reads AAR-formatted tags and TransCore’s SeGo protocol tags. The factors that inﬂuence the readability include, but are not limited to, physical orientation and conﬁguration, type of read-only tag, ratio of backscatter cross-section of the tags, and whether the tag is battery powered or beam powered.

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System Guide

Antenna and Tag Alignment

The position of the antenna and placement of the tag on the vehicle must be compatible.

Two primary criteria must be satisﬁed to achieve the highest read reliability:

• Tag and the antenna polarization, they must be aligned in the same direction —

both horizontal.

• The installed tag must be in a direct, unobstructed line of sight to the antenna.

Caution

A tag may not be reliably read unless the preceding criteria are met.

Polarization

The polarization of the tag must be aligned in the same direction as the antenna.

Figure 2 – 2 shows a horizontally polarized antenna and tag.

Note: Matching the tag and antenna polarization is critical to obtain optimal system performance.

2–4

Figure 2 – 2 Tag and Antenna Orientation (horizontal polarization)

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Figure 2 – 3 shows a tag in correct polarization for the antenna.

MPRX

Figure 2 – 3 Horizontally Polarized Tag

Unobstructed Line of Sight

For optimum readability, install the MPRX and antenna(s) and the railcar’s tag so that when the railcar approaches the antenna(s), the tag is directly facing the antenna and the line of sight is clear between the antenna and the tag. If there is a physical obstruction between the tag and the antenna(s), the MPRX cannot reliably read the tags. Figure 2 – 4 illustrates possible installation locations of an antenna in relation to a tag’s mounting location on a railcar.

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System Guide

Figure 2 – 4 Antenna Location Relative to Tag Position

Antenna Selection

This section contains guidelines to assist in antenna selection for an MPRX installation. The following antennas are compatible with the MPRX installation.

AA3110 Parapanel

Appropriate for installations with the following requirements and conditions:

• 902 to 928 MHz operation

• Exposure to harsh environments

• Broad radiation pattern in one dimension, narrow in the other

• Low antenna proﬁle

• Horizontal polarization

AA3140 PCB Log Periodic

Appropriate for installations with the following requirements and conditions:

• 845 to 950 MHz operation

• Exposure to harsh environments

• Maximum coverage at close range (<20 ft [6.1 m])

• Vertical or horizontal polarization

Site Layout and Trac Flow

The following site layout and trac ﬂow considerations are critical when determining MPRX installation locations:

• The MPRX read zone

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• Other MPRXs and antennas in the area

• Reﬂection, refraction, and diraction of RF signals

• Existing signal interference at the site

The MPRX Read Zone

The MPRX must be able to read the tag data properly within a speciﬁed area, called the read zone, without reading other nearby tags or interfering with other MPRXs at the site. The following are some of the factors that aect the size and shape of the read zone:

• Mounting method used for the antenna

• Mounting location of the antenna

• Height from the ground and mounting angle of the antenna

• RF output attenuation

• Range discrimination setting

• Other sources of interference and reﬂection

MPRX

The railside antenna must be positioned so that the RF signal travels to and return from the tags within the designated range and must be placed in an area where it is not likely to be bumped out of alignment. If the antenna becomes misaligned or some nearby structure is added or removed, system operation can be seriously aected.

For instructions on setting the read zone, refer to “Fine-Tuning and Verifying the Read

Zone” on page 8–17

Other MPRXs and Antennas in the Area — AAR-Formatted Tag Operation

For AAR-formatted (continuous wave) tag operation, sites with more than one MPRX in proximity should be conﬁgured with a frequency separation of at least 2 MHz from adjacent readers. If more than one MPRX is in a multiple track application, the frequencies should be staggered. MPRX antennas can face each other across a rail track as long as they are multiplexed and controlled by the same MPRX. For installations where multiple antennas are controlled by a host processor with multiple MPRXs, or where multiple MPRXs are used in close proximity, ensure that there is adequate frequency separation between the antennas. Contact TransCore Technical Support with any questions. Table 2 – 1 shows examples of staggered reader frequencies in a site with up to seven readers.

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System Guide

Table 2 – 1 Examples of Staggered Reader Frequencies for AAR-formatted Tag Operation

Caution

TransCore advises locating antennas controlled by an MPRX at least 24 feet (7.3 meters) away from antennas that are controlled by another MPRX. There is no minimum spacing for antennas connected to the same MPRX.

Rail Number Reader Frequency

1 911.50

2 918.50

3 913.00

4 915.00

5 921.50

6 917.00

7 910.00

Table 2 – 2 shows examples of staggered reader frequencies in a site outside the U.S. with

up to four readers.

Table 2 – 2 Examples of Staggered Reader Frequencies for Tag Operation Outside the U.S.

Rail Number

1 865.25

4 866.50

7 866.00

Reader

Frequency*

866.25

865.50

865.75

866.75

Reﬂection, Refraction, and Diraction of RF Signals

2–8

RF signals can be reﬂected, refracted, or diracted by metal objects, walls, and even wet pavement or ice. Any of these factors can alter or degrade system performance. When designing your site plan, you must consider permanent structures and transient factors in the vicinity that may aect RF signals being generated by the MPRX. Permanent structures include buildings, chain link fences, guard shacks, and gates. Transient factors include passing trac and local weather conditions, such as rain or snow. Symptoms of reﬂection,

TransCore Proprietary

refraction, and diraction include reading tags that are out of the desired read zone or tags being read from another track.

The most common RF reﬂectors are metallic surfaces. RF signals may also be partially reﬂected by nonconducting materials such as dirt containing high concentrations of metallic rail dust, wood, ice, asphalt, and concrete. When nonconducting materials in the system environment become wet, they increase reﬂection of RF signals.

The antenna mounting location, aiming, and range control adjustment, and use of presence detectors can reduce interference from RF reﬂections. When these actions cannot adequately control reﬂections, other techniques such as shielding, absorbing, range sensitivity adjustment, or barriers can also be used. Refer to “Chapter 9 Troubleshooting

and Maintenance” for information about troubleshooting and maintenance.

Existing Signal Interference at the Site

Interference from RF and electrical sources can degrade system performance and also must also be considered in the site design. Fluorescent lights, neon signs, nearby radio stations, or power lines can interfere with the optimal operation of the system.

MPRX

Interference may degrade both reader and tag performance. Existing sources of interference at the site should be shielded, removed, or positioned farther from the antenna. In some cases, changing the operating frequency of the MPRX may provide a simple solution. Readers in proximity should have at least a 2 MHz frequency separation. Refer to “Other MPRXs and Antennas in the Area — AAR-Formatted Tag Operation” on

page 2–7. Strong RF sources of any frequency, in proximity to the tag, can preclude

the tag receiving the reader interrogation. Refer to “Chapter 4 Installing the MPRX” for information about troubleshooting and maintenance.

Electrical and Communications Requirements

All construction work at the site must be completed before installing the MPRX. Electrical and communications cables should be installed according to all applicable local and federal building code requirements. Speciﬁc instructions for positioning and installing the MPRX are discussed in “Chapter 4 Installing the MPRX”.

Power and Communications Cables

Cable length for power and communications depends on the physical characteristics of the MPRX installation site. Table 2 – 3 lists accessory kits available for cabling options based on your site’s requirements.

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System Guide

Table 2 – 3 Connector Cabling Accessory Kits

Part Number Description

MPRX-to-TRU™ six-foot (1.8-m) cable assembly

MPRX-to-TRU 20-foot (6.1-m) cable assembly

MPRX cable assembly six feet (1.8 m), no TRU

MPRX cable assembly 20 feet (6.1 m), no TRU

Electrical Power

When connecting the MPRX to a TRU in a trackside hut, the MPRX draws its power directly from the TRU. A dedicated power supply is only required when a MPRX is not connected to a TRU.

The dedicated power must be 24-110VDC (Option 1) or 12-24VDC (Option 2). Consult your local and national electrical codes for installation and safety requirements.

It is the installer’s responsibility to supply conversion equipment and wiring. Table 2 – 4 contains power supply current requirements.

Table 2 – 4 Power Supply Current Requirements

(RF On)

Supply

24 to 110VDC (Option 1) 1.7A at 24VDC 1A at 24VDC

12-24VDC (Option 2) 2.1A at 12VDC 1.4A at 12VDC

Power circuits are protected internally against power surges (±30%).

Worst Case

Maximum Current

at 68°F (20°C)

Maximum Current

Host Communications

Your site design must include communications between the MPRX and the TRU or other host device. The MPRX communicates with the TRU or other host device through an asynchronous RS-232, RS-422, or Ethernet interface. Figure 2 – 5 shows the MPRX communications ports and Figure 2 – 6 shows the connector pin designations.

(RF O)

Worst Case

at 68°F (20°C)

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Figure 2 – 5 Location of Host Port on MPRX

MPRX

Pin Number Operation

3 LOCK (Mechanical

9 COM_GND (RS232

10 COM_GND (RS422

11 +V In

12 +V Return

RS232_TX

RS232_RX

Relay)

LOCK_RTN

RS422_TX+

RS422_TX-

RS422_RX+

RS422_RX-

GND)

Figure 2 – 6 Pin Assignments for Host Connector

The standard RS-232/RS-422/Ethernet connection maximum distance depends on the baud rate, cable type, and the receiving device at the other end.

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System Guide

Sense Connections

Figure 2 – 7 Location of Sense Port on MPRX

Pin Number Operation

11 SENSE 1

+12VDC

OUT1

I/O GROUND

PULSE OUT

OUT0

CTAG 0

CTAG 1

I/O GROUND

2–12

12 SENSE 0

Figure 2 – 8 Pin Assignments for Sense Connector

The MPRX’s two RF sense input circuits are TTL (Logic Level, 0V/5V), designed to be shorted to I/O Ground (0V) to provide sense.

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The MPRX’s tag lock output circuit is a single-pole, double-throw relay providing a dry contact closure. These contacts are rated at 42.2V AC peak (30V

) or 60V DC, at 1A

rms

maximum with non-inductive load.

Output circuit is not intended for the direct control of electromechanical devices such as motorized barrier arms. For such applications, the MPRX output circuit should be used to drive a secondary, appropriately rated high-power relay.

Antenna Interface

The site design must include interface cable(s) between the MPRX and the compatible antenna(s) chosen for the site. The antenna interface is RF coaxial cable with male Type N sockets on each end.

Table 2 – 5 is a summary of coaxial cable performance. Figures indicate maximum

lengths of cable in feet.

Note: 1.1dB of cable loss is required for proper FCC operation.

Table 2 – 5 Reader to Antenna Cable Performance

MPRX

Cable Length (ft.)

870MHz

Cable Type

Overall

Diameter

915 MHz

Cable Length (ft.)

(in.)

Minimum

Length

Maximum

Length

Minimum

Length

Maximum

Length

RG–223 0.216 7.9 21.6 8.2 22.5

RG–214 0.425 14.4 39.3 14.9 41.1

FSJ1–50 0.25 19.4 52.8 19.9 54.6

LDF2–50 0.375 32.8 89.4 33.7 92.7

FSJ4–50B 0.5 32.1 87.6 33.1 90.6

LDF4–50A 0.5 52 141.9 53.4 146.7

LDF5–50A 0.875 92.2 251.4 94.8 260.4

LDF6–50 1.125 135.6 369.6 139.5 383.1

LDF7–50A 1.625 156.4 426.3 161.1 442.2

a. Suxes 50, 50A, and 50B indicate 50-ohm cables available from the Andrew Corporation. b. These cable lengths ensure optimal system performance (1.1 dB loss). c. These cable lengths ensure adequate, but not optimal, system performance (3 dB loss).

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Chapter 3

Choosing, Installing and

Removing Tags

System Guide

Chapter 3 Choosing, Installing, Removing Tags

This chapter describes the various tag types compatible with the Multiprotocol Reader Extreme (MPRX) and the procedures for installing and removing compatible external tags.

Compatible Tag Types

The MPRX provides the capability to read Association of American Railroads (AAR) formatted tags and TransCore Super eGo (SeGo) protocol tags. Refer to “Appendix E

Compatible Tag Information” on page E–2 for information about the numerous tag

models.

Reader and Tag Model Interoperability

Table 3 – 1 lists the tags that are read by the MPRX. Refer to www.transcore.com/pdf/

Tag- Reader-Matrix.pdf for most current information concerning readers and supported

tag protocols.

Table 3 – 1 Tags Read by the MPRX

Beam Tags Battery Tags External Power Tags

AT5110, AT5112, AT5118, AT5120*, AT5125, AT5133, AT5412, AT5413, AT5415

*The AT5120 Transportation Tag is used for applications in the 860 to 880 MHz frequency range.

AT5114, AT5510, AT5414, AT5549, AT5707, AT5910

AT5117, AT5119, AT5704

Recommended Mounting Locations

Each piece of rail equipment has a speciﬁc area or window for optimum tag placement. Tag positioning in the tag placement window is based on the center of the tag in reference to window physical speciﬁcations.

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Required Materials

• Torque wrench (in/lb. range)

• Bolts and nuts (#10-24 NC threaded studs and nuts)

• Aluminum pop rivets

• Pop rivet gun

Mounting Surface

The mounting surface must be metal, vertical, and smooth within the area of the tag. If the mounting area does not meet this requirement, you must use a metal mounting bracket.

If the mounting surface is irregular or non-metal (e.g., ﬁberglass), the tag must be attached to a metal bracket to provide an electrical reﬂector for the tag. Use a 1/8-inch (0.32-cm) or thicker smooth metal bracket that is the same size or larger than the tag. The mounting bracket and tag must be in contact with each other to avoid interference with transmission of radio waves.

MPRX

Tag Positioning

Each piece of equipment has a speciﬁc area or tag placement window for optimum tag placement. Tag positioning in the tag placement window is based on the center of the tag in reference to window physical parameters.

The tag placement window is on opposite ends and opposite sides of the equipment. The front and rear ends of the equipment are referred to as the “A” end and “B” end. The “B” end represents the hand brake end and the “A” end represents the opposite end looking forward. To determine left and right sides, stand at the “B” end and look toward the front end of the equipment.

Refer to the appropriate section for tag placement window location on rail cars and locomotive devices. Where possible, tags should be mounted in locations that minimize the likelihood of damage from equipment such as forklifts, cranes, and other hazards.

Mount the tag on a plane perpendicular to the rail (back of the tag against the equipment) with the long edge of the tag horizontal to the rail.

There is a clear zone surrounding the tag and toward the wayside that allows for unobstructed data transmission. This zone must not be obstructed by any metallic objects or protrusions.

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System Guide

As Figure 3 – 9 illustrates, there should be no obstructions in the area extending 45º from the center line of the tag to one inch outside either narrow side of the tag. The side view depicts the tag as viewed from the top of the equipment.

Figure 3 – 9 Clear Zone –Side View

Figure 3 – 10 illustrates that there should be no obstructions in the area extending 60º

from the center line of the tag to 1 inch outside either long side of the tag. The end view depicts the tag as viewed from the end of the equipment.

3–4

Figure 3 – 10 Clear Zone –End View

Figure 3 – 11 shows examples of acceptable and unacceptable mounting locations based

on the clear zone. Any obstructions in the clear zone may introduce reading problems

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MPRX

with the tag. Refer to the mounting speciﬁcations chapters for each type of equipment for tag placement window locations.

Figure 3 – 11 Mounting Location Examples

Surface Installation Techniques

Backing plates are preferred for attaching tags to equipment, but tags may be mounted directly to the car at the owner’s discretion. Aluminum material is permitted as a substitute for the mounting plate material speciﬁed, when required for compatibility with the car surface.

When painting the backing plates, protect the studs from paint.

Two approved methods for mounting tags and backing plates on locomotives and railcars are rivet and bolt mounting.

Note: Weld the backing plate to the freight car side sheet, but be certain the backing plate is kept ﬂat. If the car side sheet is deformed, spacing of welds may vary to accommodate waviness of the freight car side.

Note: Allow the backing plate to cool after welding before mounting the tag.

Rivet/Bolt Mounting Guidelines

Select a means for mounting the tag that secures the tag but does not compromise the tag case.

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System Guide

Aluminum pop rivets are permissible, but TransCore advises against using high- pressure rivets for mounting the tag.

If using bolts and nuts to mount the tag, avoid using excessive torque, which may crack or break the tag case. Tighten the nut until snug, then tighten an additional 1/2 turn only.

Locomotive Mounting Guidelines

Install two tags on each locomotive on opposite ends and opposite sides of the equipment. Install one on the right front (engineer’s side) and another on the left rear (ﬁreman’s side).

Tag Placement Window Location

Horizontally, the tag placement window extends from the center line of the truck to two feet from the center line of the inside axle (measure toward the center of the vehicle). Vertically, the tag placement window begins two feet above the top of the rail and extends to a maximum of ﬁve feet above the top of the rail.

Figure 3 – 12 illustrates the tag placement window on the right front portion (engineer’s

side) of the locomotive.

3–6

Figure 3 – 12 Tag Placement Window for Locomotives – Right Front

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Figure 3 – 13 shows the right front location of a tag on a locomotive.

Figure 3 – 13 Right Front Placement of Tag on Locomotive

MPRX

Figure 3 – 14 illustrates the tag placement window on the left rear portion (brakeman’s

side) of the locomotive.

Figure 3 – 14 Tag Placement Window Location for Locomotives — Left Rear

Tag Placement

Optimal tag placement centers the tag on the left boundary line of the tag placement window (Figure 3 – 15). Alternately, the center of the tag may be mounted anywhere within the tag placement window, provided there are no obstructions to the tag’s clear zone.

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System Guide

Figure 3 – 15 Optimal Tag Placement for Locomotives

Rail Car Mounting Guidelines

Install two tags on each rail car on opposite ends and opposite sides of the equipment. Install one on the right front (“A” end) and another on the left rear (“B” end).

Tag Placement Window Location

Horizontally, the tag placement window extends from the center line of the truck to two feet from the center line of the inside axle (measure toward the center of the vehicle). Vertically, the tag placement window begins at two feet above the top of the rail end and extends to a maximum of ﬁve feet above the top of the rail. The tag should not cover car stenciling.

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MPRX

Figure 3 – 16 illustrates the tag placement window on the right front portion (“A” end) of the

rail car.

Figure 3 – 16 Tag Placement Window Location for Rail Cars –“A” Right Side

Figure 3 – 17 illustrates the tag placement window on the left rear portion (“B” end) of the

rail car.

Figure 3 – 17 Tag Placement Window Location for Rail Cars -“B” Left Side

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System Guide

Tag Placement

Optimal tag placement centers the tag on the left boundary line of the tag placement window (Figure 3 – 18). Alternately, the tag may be mounted so that the center of the tag falls anywhere within the tag placement window, provided there are no obstructions of the tag’s clear zone.

Figure 3 – 18 Optimal Tag Placement for Rail Cars

Tank Car Mounting Guidelines

Tank car mounting is essentially the same as that for rail cars, except that the tag placement window area has been expanded 18 inches to the right of the center of the truck.

Tag Placement Window Location

Horizontally, the tag placement window extends from 18 inches to the right of the center line of the truck to two feet from the center line of the inside axle (measured toward the center of the vehicle). Vertically, the tag placement window begins at two feet above the top of the rail and extends to a maximum of ﬁve feet above the top of the rail. The tag should not cover car stenciling.

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MPRX

Figure 3 – 19 illustrates the tag placement window on the left rear portion (“B” end) of the

tank car.

Figure 3 – 19 Tag Placement Window Location for Tank Cars –“B” Left Side

Tag Placement

Optimal tag placement positions the tag on the center line of the truck on the body bolster (Figure 3 – 20). Alternately, the tag may be mounted so that the center of the tag falls anywhere within the tag placement window, provided there are no obstructions of the tag’s clear zone.

Figure 3 – 20 Optimal Tag Placement for Tank Cars

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Chapter 4

Installing the MPRX

System Guide

This chapter lists the materials needed and presents the procedures to pre-test and install the Multiprotocol Reader Extreme (MPRX).

Installation Process

After you have developed the site plan and identiﬁed the location to install the MPRX and antennas1, if required, you are ready to install the equipment. Installation involves the following tasks:

• Power and tag read capability testing prior to ﬁnal installation of the MPRX

• Mounting the MPRX in a railside hut

• Mounting the railside antenna(s)

• Connecting the antenna(s)

Chapter 4 Installing the MPRX

• Connecting the MPRX to Earth Ground and power source

• Marking the read zone

• Connecting the MPRX host and sense input/sense output and communications

Materials Supplied by TransCore

You need the following materials to pre-test and install the MPRX. TransCore supplies some of the materials; other materials must be obtained from other sources.

Contents of Shipping Carton

Ensure that you have received all parts before beginning your pre-installation MPRX tests. Your MPRX is packaged with the following materials:

• One MPRX

• One Multiprotocol Reader Extreme Quick Start Guide

• Any accessories ordered as options as shown in Table 4 – 1

Required accessories are a power/communications cable harness and an AC/DC Converter or a 24 to 110VDC/12 to 24VDC power source. You also require at least one MPRXcompatible antenna and an antenna RF cable. These may be ordered as accessories from TransCore or obtained from other sources.

For MPRX installation with TransCore’s Train Recording Unit (TRU™), refer to “Chapter 10

Interface to Train Recording Unit” on page 10–2.-

Installation Accessory Options

Table 4 – 1 lists optional TransCore MPRX installation accessory items.

1 The MPRX is designed with RF cable connectors for use with N-type RF Cables

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Table 4 – 1 Installation Accessories

MPRX

Part No.

20-7001-001 MPRX check tag accessory kit

Description

MPRX Cable

Additional Materials Needed for Testing

You need these additional materials to perform the pre-tests on the MPRX:

• Test tags, supplied by the TransCore dealer or distributor.

Note: The test tag must be mounted ﬂush against a metal backplane.

• Suitable 24 to 110VDC or 12 to 24VDC power wiring for the MPRX

• Audible circuit tester and 9V DC battery for circuit tester power

• Wire stripper

• At least one MPRX-compatible antenna

• Suitable RF interface coaxial cable

Pre-installation Testing of the MPRX

Before installing the MPRX permanently at the site, you should use an audible circuit tester to conﬁrm that the MPRX has power and can read a tag that is in the tag read zone.

Testing the MPRX Using an Audible Circuit Tester

An audible circuit tester is also called a buzz box. These boxes are available at some electronic parts supply stores, or you can make a buzz box, as shown in Figure 4 – 1. The buzz box is powered by a 9V DC battery and is equipped with two alligator-clip leads. When you touch the leads together, the box makes an audible sound.

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System Guide

9VDC

Battery

6-12VDC

Buzzer

+ -

Pin 4 on

Host Connector

Pin 3 on

Host Connector

- +

Figure 4 – 1 Wiring for Audible Circuit Tester

To test the MPRX, connect the antenna and power supply as described in the appropriate sections that follow.

Discharging Voltage from the Antenna

Use these instructions to discharge high voltage from the antenna before proceeding with further pre-installation testing of the reader connected to an antenna.

Required Equipment

This procedure requires the following equipment.

• MPRX

• External antenna

• Grounding RF cable (long enough to reach Earth Ground source)

• N-type load (e.g., 50 Ω) or RF attenuator (e.g., 20 dB)

Caution

During shipping and installation, an antenna can build up a very high voltage charge. The voltage needs to be discharged before connecting the antenna to the reader.

1. Terminate the reader end of the grounding RF cable with any N-type load or RF

attenuator (Figure 4 – 2).

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MPRX

Figure 4 – 2 Connect RF N-type Load or Attenuator to Reader Cable End

2. Connect the grounding RF cable to the antenna (refer to Item 1 in Figure 4 – 3.

Figure 4 – 3 Short Load to Earth Ground

3. Short the outer metal case of the load or attenuator to Earth Ground for approximately

10 seconds (refer to Item 2 in Figure 4 – 3). In this example, the operator is using the mounting pole that has been properly connected to Earth Ground.

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System Guide

Antenna Ports

4. Disconnect the grounding RF cable from the antenna and connect the permanent RF cable to reader.

Once the antenna is discharged and properly connected to the reader, the reader circuitry provides a DC path to keep any further charge from building up in the antenna.

Caution

TransCore does not recommend using a screwdriver or other tool to short the RF cable center conductor to the outer ground of the cable. This grounding method can damage the center pin or the threads of the connector.

TransCore strongly advises that you use adequate Earth Ground for this voltage discharge procedure in accordance with the National Electric Code for the locale where you are installing the MPRX.

Connecting the Antenna

This section explains the connection between the MPRX and antenna(s) (Figure 4 – 4).

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Figure 4 – 4 MPRX Showing Antenna Ports

To connect the reader and antenna

1. Ensure the reader is turned o and unplugged.

2. Connect one end of the RF interface cable to the antenna.

3. Connect the other end of the RF interface cable to the appropriate antenna port on the

end of the MPRX (Figure 4 – 4).

4. For consistent performance, terminate unused antenna ports using a 50-Ohm, N–type terminator.

TransCore Proprietary

Connecting the MPRX to a Power Supply

Ensure proper Earth Ground for MPRX in accordance with National Electric Code for reader installation locale.

Ground Stud

Caution

To avoid damage to the MPRX, ﬁrst connect the reader to Earth Ground using a ground cable and stake before powering up the reader or connecting to an antenna. TransCore recommends that you follow the National Electric Code or equivalent code for surge protection for the locale where you are installing the MPRX.

Connect any antenna(s) or terminate the antenna ports before applying power to the reader.

To connect the MPRX to a power supply

1. Connect the MPRX to Earth Ground. Figure 4 – 5 shows the location of the MPRX

ground stud.

MPRX

Figure 4 – 5 Location of MPRX Ground Stud

2. Connect the MPRX to a power supply using the interface cable.

The pin numbers for the reader M23 connector (Figure 4 – 6) are shown in Figure 4 – 7 and the pin assignments and corresponding wire numbers and colors are listed in

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System Guide

Table 4 – 2. The TransCore part number (P/N) for the communication cable is 58-7001-

003 or 58-7001-004.

Figure 4 – 6 Location of Communications/Power Port on MPRX

Table 4 – 2 MPRX-to-Host Communications Cable Pin Designations

Host Cable

Pair Color Pin Number Name

Pair 1

Pair 2

Pair 3

Pair 4

Pair 5

Pair 6

Pair 7

Pair 8

White 9 SIG_GND

Black 1 RS232 TX

White 10 SIG_GND

Brown 2 RS232 RX

White 12 +V Return

Red 11 +V In

White 12 +V Return

Orange 11 +V In

White 12 +V Return

Yellow 11 +V In

White 3 Lock

Green 4 Lock Return

White 6 RS422 TX-

Blue 5 RS422 TX+

White 8 RS422 RX-

Violet 7 RS422 RX+

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Sense Cable

Pair Color Pin Number Name

Pair 1

Pair 2

Pair 3

Pair 4

Pair 5

Pair 6

Pair 7

Pair 8

White 3 I/O GND

Black 7 CTAG 0

White 3 I/O GND

Brown 8 CTAG 1

White 4 I/O GND

Red 1 +12V

White 4 I/O GND

Orange 1 +12V

White 6 OUT 0

Yellow 7 OUT 1

White 11 I/O GND

Green 5 PULSE OUT

White 9 I/O GND

Blue 12 SENSE 0

White 10 I/O GND

Violet 11 SENSE 1

MPRX

If the MPRX is connected directly to a TRU, all power supply connections are made through the MPRX-to-TRU cable assembly. Refer to Chapter 10, “Interface to Train Recording Unit”

on page 10–1 for wiring assignments.

Mounting the MPRX

This section lists procedures and materials required for mounting the MPRX on a wall or other ﬂat surface based on the site’s requirements.

In permanent installations the MPRX should be positioned as close as possible to the antenna. Long cable runs increase system sensitivity to noise. Refer to Table 2 – 5 on page

2–13 for maximum RF cable lengths.

TransCore advises that for optimum heat dissipation, the MPRX should be mounted vertically with the RF antenna ports at the bottom (refer to Figure 4 – 5). Figure 4 – 8 shows the outer dimensions and mounting hole locations for preparing to install the MPRX.

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Figure 4 – 7 MPRX Outer Dimensions and Mounting Hole Locations (not to scale)

Mounting to an Enclosure Wall or Flat Surface

Required Materials

You need the following materials to install the MPRX on an enclosure wall or ﬂat surface. Ensure the use of high-quality, corrosion-resistant anchor hardware.

Anchor hardware suitable for the surface on which you mount the MPRX

The MPRX weighs 5.7 lbs (2.6 kg) so choose mounting hardware that is adequate to secure the unit to a wall.

After mounting the MPRX, you must connect it to a dedicated 12 to 24VDC or 24 to 110VDC power supply.

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Caution To avoid damage to the MPRX, connect the antenna(s) before applying power to the reader

Mounting the Antenna Rail-Side

Position the antenna as close as possible to the MPRX. Long cable runs increase system sensitivity to noise. Refer to Table 2 – 5 on page 2–13 for maximum RF cable lengths.

After mounting the antenna, you must connect it to the MPRX. Follow the procedures described previously in the section “Connecting the Antenna” on page 4–6.

Note: Adjust the antenna(s) to provide the most direct line of sight to the tags.

MPRX

Connecting the Power Supply

After mounting the MPRX, connect the reader to a dedicated 12 to 24VDC or 24 to 110VDC power supply. If the MPRX is connected directly to a TRU, all power supply connections are made through the MPRX-to-TRU cable assembly.

Caution

To avoid damage to the MPRX, connect the MPRX to ground before powering up the reader or connecting the antenna(s).

Connect the antenna(s) before applying power to the reader.

Interface Selection Switch

The MPRX incorporates a communications interface selection switch, which allows onthe-ﬂy changes to the communications mode. This switch allows selecting the reader’s receive communications interface. All communications interfaces are conﬁgured for simultaneous transmit, but only the interface selected by the switch is active for commands transmitted into the reader.

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System Guide

Connecting Communications

The MPRX communicates through RS-232, RS-422, or Ethernet protocols.

Required Materials

You need the following materials to connect the communications cable to the host device:

• Host device

• Any terminal emulation program such as Procomm Plus or Hyper Terminal operating

on a PC

• If the MPRX is connected directly to a TRU, all communications connections are

made through the MPRX-to-TRU cable assembly.

Connecting the MPRX to the Host

MPRX communications and customer interface signals are supplied from the MPRX to the host through a multiwire cable. The connector for this cable is located on the end of the MPRX (Figure 4 – 6).

Plug one end of the MPRX communications/power interface connector into the M23 Host connector at the MPRX and the other end into the customer-supplied host device connector. Refer to Figure 4 – 7 and Table 4 – 2for the pin assignments, numbers, and wire colors.

Connecting Sense Input and Sense Output Circuits

The MPRX has two sense input circuits and a tag lock output circuit available. SENSE0 is used to enable RF on antenna ports 0 and 1 if enabled, and SENSE1 is used to enable RF on antenna ports 2 and 3. The sense input circuits are used to notify the MPRX of train presence and are designed to be connected to a free-of-voltage dry contact. The tag lock output circuit is a single-pole, double-throw relay that provides a normally closed and normally open dry contact. The relay contact is rated at 42.2V AC peak (30 Vrms) or 60V DC at 1 A maximum. If controlling an external gate or device requiring high current, an isolation transformer is required.

Sense Input Circuits

The MPRX supports two sense inputs – SENSE0 and SENSE1 – which require two sense input lines (SENSEx and GND) for each loop sense or a total of four sense input connections. SENSE0 is used to control RF power for the track that has antennas connected to RF Ports 0 and 1. As shown in Figure 4 – 7, the sense inputs are wired through the reader M23 Sense connector. The MPRX expects the SENSE0 circuit to close when a railcar is present (on the track with antennas connected to MPRX ports 0 and 1).

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SENSE1 must be closed when a railcar is present on the track connected to MPRX antenna ports 2 and 3. The reader RF switches on to the appropriate RF ports immediately upon detecting SENSEx.

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Sense Output Circuit

The sense output is dedicated for testing and reader setup. It is deﬁned as the TAG_LOCK signal, which indicates a valid tag is in the read ﬁeld.

This sense output is a dry contact that provides a normally open and normally closed sense output. The relay contacts are rated at 42.2V AC peak (30 Vrms) or 60V DC at 1 A maximum. If controlling an external gate or device requiring high current, an isolation transformer is required.

Antenna Mux Channel Identiﬁcation

With the MPRX in MPRX mode, it is possible to identify the tags read on the 4 channel mux individually through the output I/O. Of course, it is still possible to enable antenna stamping for the data transmissions on the selected communications interface as well.

Marking the Read Zone

MPRX

Caution

Be sure to follow all applicable rail safety regulations when marking the read zone.

The area where the MPRX reads tags at the current RF range is called the read zone. The antenna pattern, or read zone, of the MPRX would look roughly like a pearshaped balloon if you were able to see it. When installing the MPRX, you should ﬁrst mark the unit’s read zone using the RF range set at the factory-default maximum. You can later adjust the read zone using the techniques discussed in “Fine-Tuning and Verifying the

Read Zone” on page 8–17 .

If two MPRXs are installed near each other, TransCore recommends that you ﬁne-tune each reader for the ideal read zone before connecting it permanently to sense input/ sense output and communications cables. A minimum of 2 MHz frequency separation and 40 feet (12.2 m) of antenna separation between the two adjacent readers is required for correct operation.

Required Materials

You need test tags, which can be supplied by your TransCore dealer or distributor to mark the read zone. The test tag must be mounted ﬂush against a metal backplane.

To mark the read zone

1. Conﬁrm that you have correctly connected the power supply/communications cable as described in this chapter.

2. Start the terminal emulation application Microsoft HyperTerminal by selecting Programs>Accessories>Communications>HyperTerminal and press ENTER.

3. In the HyperTerminal dialog boxes choose the com port to which the communications interface is attached and set the properties as:

• Bits per second: 9600 baud

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System Guide

• Data bits: 8

• Parity: none

• Stop bits: 1

• Flow control: none

4. Cycle the power on the MPRX and ensure that the sign-on message displays.

5. To test the antenna connected to RF PORT-0, input the commands listed in Table 4-3.

Note: For testing purposes, the MPRX should not be in MPRX mode and should not be multiplexing between multiple antennas.MPRX mode is used for rail track smart multiplexing.

Note: Settings for RF, ATA range, SeGo range, and output power are the same for all antennas.

Table 4 – 3 Commands for Testing RF Port-0

Entry Reader Response

Notes

#01 <CR> #Done <CR/LF> Switches MPRX to command mode

#647XXX

#836 #Done <CR/LF> Disables MPRX mode

#850

#644XX

#643XX #Done <CR/LF> Set desired ATA range control

#645XX

#6401

#Done <CR/LF>

#Done <CR/LF> Disables antenna multiplexing

#Done <CR/LF> Set desired RF power

#Done <CR/LF>

#Done <CR/LF> Turns on RF

Sets operating frequency

Set desired SeGo range control

#00 <CR> #Done <CR/LF> Returns MPRX to data mode

You can now connect the outer marks to draw the outer boundary of the read zone.

Figure 4 – 8 is a view of a sample read zone. The outer X marks show the outside edges

of the read zone.

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MPRX

Figure 4 – 8 Sample Read Zone Marking Pattern

6. Place the MPRX in single-antenna operation using the antenna of interest. Standing at the edge of the rail sleepers closest to the antenna walk the metal- backed test tag along the track to determine the farthest read point in both directions (Refer to item D in

Figure 4 – 8). Record the distance.

7. In a multiple track installation, walk the tag toward the adjacent track in a straight line from the antenna face (refer to Figure 4 – 8) to determine whether the MPRX reads tags from the adjacent track. Record that distance (item Y). If the MPRX reads tags on the adjacent track, reduce the range control value, or increase RF attenuation until the MPRX cannot read tags on the adjacent track.

To continue testing other antennas, ensure that the reader conﬁgurations used for RF PORT-0 antenna (Table 4 – 3) are maintained. The following tables list the required commands for testing PORT-1, PORT-2, and PORT-3.

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System Guide

Table 4 – 4 Commands for Testing RF PORT-1

Entry Reader Response

Notes

#01 <CR> #Done <CR/LF> Switches MPRX to command mode

#891 #Done <CR/LF> Test mode, RF PORT-1 only

#6401

#Done <CR/LF> Turns on RF

#00 <CR> #Done <CR/LF> Returns MPRX to data mode

Table 4 – 5 Commands for Testing RF PORT-2

Entry Reader Response

Notes

#01 <CR> #Done <CR/LF> Switches MPRX to command mode

#892 #Done <CR/LF> Test mode, RF PORT-2 only

#6401 #Done <CR/LF> Turns on RF

#00 <CR> #Done <CR/LF> Returns MPRX to data mode

Table 4 – 6 Commands for Testing RF PORT-3

Entry Reader Response

Notes

#01 <CR> #Done <CR/LF> Switches MPRX to command mode

#893

#6401 #Done <CR/LF> Turns on RF

#Done <CR/LF> Test mode, RF PORT-3 only

#00 <CR> #Done <CR/LF> Returns MPRX to data mode

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MPRX

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General Software Information

System Guide

Chapter 5 General Software Information

This chapter provides software-related information for the Multiprotocol Reader Extreme (MPRX) System.

This chapter presents various software-related topics arranged in alphabetical order by subject. In addition to this chapter, refer to “Chapter 6 Communications Protocols” on

page 6–2 and “Chapter 7 Commands” on page 7–2 ,” for more information.

Command Entry Conventions

All MPRX commands are preceded by the start-of-message character (#). The end-ofmessage sequence expected from the host is a carriage return (CR). The MPRX terminates messages with a return and a line-feed (CR/LF). For example, the command

#01 Switch To Command Mode is typed as follows:

#01<ENTER>

where <ENTER> is the Enter or Return key.

Some command characters may be represented by the letter N. This letter indicates you are to supply a value. Maximum valid entries are the numbers 0 through 9 and the uppercase letters A through F. These letters allow for as many as 16 available user responses and are based on the hexadecimal numbering system.

Commands have at least two characters following the # character. Table 5 – 1 shows the basic structure of a four-character command.

Table 5 – 1 Four-Character Command Structure

#1005 Set Baud Rate To 9600 Baud

# All commands are preceded by the # character.

Indicates the command group. This command is in Group 1Communications Port Control.

Indicates the command subgroup. In this example, all commands with a second digit of 0 apply to the main port.

The command digit. In this example, the 0 indicates that this command aects the baud rate.

Indicates the setting. Normally this is a variable and is usually a hexadecimal value from 0 through F. In this example, 5 sets the baud rate to 9600, the factory setting. In some commands, this digit may be a four-place hexadecimal string or a character string.

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Command Response Conventions

Like the MPRX commands, responses are preceded by the # character. Many MPRX commands respond with #Done or #Error indicating the command was or was not recognized and completed. Other commands respond with a four-character identiﬁer followed by one or more values.

Table 5 – 2 shows an example of a command/reply sequence. This example assumes

that an MPRX with serial number SN97001P running version X.XX software is connected to a PC running a terminal emulation software package such as Windows Hyper Terminal or Procomm Plus. The command sequence veriﬁes that communications are working correctly.

Table 5 – 2 Sample Command Sequence

Entry MPRX Response Notes

MPRX

#01 <CR> #Done <CR/LF>

#505 <CR>

#00 <CR> #Done <CR/LF>

In command discussions, MPRX response characters may be shown in brackets < >. The use of brackets indicates that the response is a value in the range of characters. The brackets are not part of the response. For example, the response to command #520 Display Power Fail Bit is either a 0 or a 1. In the command discussion, the response is shown as:

with actual MPRX response being one of the following:

In this example, PWRB is the four-character identiﬁer for power fail bit, and the 0 or 1 is the value. All spaces shown in the response are actual spaces sent from the MPRX. In this example, one space is between the letter B and the number.

#Model E4 Series Ver X.XX SN08001P <CR/LF>

#PWRB <0-1>

#PWRB 0

#PWRB 1

Switches MPRX to command mode

Reports the software version and serial number

Returns MPRX to data mode

Operating Parameters

The MPRXs maintain their operating parameters in nonvolatile memory (NVRAM) so that the parameters are preserved after a power-down sequence.

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System Guide

Power Fail

The system maintains a power fail ﬂag. The host transmits command #520 Display Power Fail Bit to determine if a power down has occurred. This ﬂag is cleared by both command #63 Reset Reader and command #65 Reset Power Fail Bit.

Program Download

Program download stores the MPRX application software into the reader’s ﬂash memory. Program download is used to install program upgrades, add features, and to recover from corrupted program data.

Note: Program download is a custom TransCore utility hosted process.

Download Considerations

You should consider the following factors when performing program download:

• The MPRX does not process tags while in download mode.

Startup

• The MPRX does not accept any program data unless a successful erase of ﬂash

memory has been performed before transmitting the data. Erasing the ﬂash memory typically takes two seconds.

• Cycling reader power after exiting from download mode re-executes startup. If

the new software has been loaded without errors, the MPRX comes up in data mode. If a ﬂash checksum error is detected, the MPRX reenters download mode and transmits a sign-on message with a boot version of 0.00x and without a serial number.

Note: The MPRX uses default boot communications parameters when operating in download mode – 38400 baud, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no parity, basic protocol – and does not echo commands.

Download Procedures

If TransCore releases a new version of the MPRX software or if the MPRX does not appear to be working properly, you may need to download the software to the MPRX. Contact technical support or your TransCore MPRX sales representative.

Upon startup, MPRX transmits a sign-on message or a boot ROM failure message.

5–4

Sign-On Message

If startup is successful, the sign-on message appears as follows:

Model E4 Series [software version] SNSSSSSS [Copyright notice]

where SSSSSS is the serial number assigned to the MPRX unit being used.

TransCore Proprietary

Serial number 000000 is the default setting and is not a valid number. If this number appears in the sign-on message, the serial number has never been stored into reader memory. The serial number must be assigned by factory-authorized personnel using command #695S...S Set Serial Number. Because only six digits are allowed in the software, when setting the serial number skip the fourth (middle) digit of the sevendigit number shown on the reader label.

If the ﬂash memory checksum does not indicate veriﬁcation, the sign-on message appears as follows at a baud rate ﬁxed at 38,400 bps:

Model [E4] Ver 0.00x

[Copyright notice]

Boot Failure Message

Upon powering up, the software performs a checksum veriﬁcation on itself. The function returns a speciﬁc value for the particular version of software. If the value returned is not correct, the boot code assumes that the application code has been corrupted and a failure condition exists. If the failure message does not transmit, a communications error has occurred or the boot has failed to the extent that it cannot transmit the failure message.

MPRX

If the failure message version number equals 0.00 and no serial number exists, the ﬂash memory checksum has failed, and the MPRX is operating out of boot ROM. In this case, the MPRX automatically enters download mode and waits for a new program to be loaded into the ﬂash memory. Contact TransCore Technical Support at 505-8568007 for assistance.

Tag/Message Buer

MPRXs maintain a tag buer in battery backed RAM to save tag IDs acquired when data inquiry protocol is used. This buer holds up to 500 time-stamped messages.

When the buer ﬁlls, subsequent tag IDs will be lost.

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Chapter 6

Communication Protocols

System Guide

This chapter describes the communications protocols for the Multiprotocol Reader Extreme (MPRX).

Introduction

The following protocol information provides reference information relevant to developing host software.

Communications are performed using the 7-bit ASCII code with optional parity, thus providing easy setup, testing, and diagnostics with standard ASCII terminals and serial printers.

Chapter 6 Communications Protocols

The MPRX supports the following communications protocols:

• Basic

• Error correcting

• Data inquiry

Each message is framed within the start-of-message (som) and end-of-message (eom) characters so that the host device can detect the beginning and end of each message. This convention is most important under marginal communications conditions during which the host may receive extraneous noise-induced characters between reader transmissions. In such instances, the host is capable of ignoring any messages that do not conform to the som...eom frame sequence.

Both data mode and command mode require a two-way message interchange when using error correcting protocol (ECP). This interchange is completed by the message recipient returning a message acknowledgment to the message sender.

With ECP, all transmissions require a message. If a message is not received, the sender will time out with the same eect as if it had received a negative acknowledgment (from the host) or an Error message from the MPRX.

Software (XON/XOFF) ﬂow control is optionally supported. Be careful in the use of XON/ XOFF since noise-induced characters may be interpreted by the MPRX as the XOFF character, which would suspend reader output without information reaching the host device. For more information, refer to “Software Flow Control” on page 8–16.

Note: TransCore recommends that XON/XOFF ﬂow control be disabled while using ECP.

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Basic Protocol

With basic protocol, messages sent to and from the MPRX and the host are transmitted without error checking. For each host transmission, the MPRX returns a Done or Error message to the host.

When the host device is physically close to the MPRX and no sources of interference exist, the basic protocol provides reliable communications.

The host must be ready to receive reader-transmitted messages because in basic protocol the MPRX does not wait for the host to acknowledge a message before transmitting the next message. If necessary, the host may halt reader transmissions by using software ﬂow control. Refer to “Chapter 8 Conﬁguring the MPRX” on page 8–2 for ﬂow control information.

Error Correcting Protocol

When the quality of data communications is imperative or may be suspect, you can invoke ECP to ensure the integrity of data transmitted between the MPRX and the host.

MPRX

Note: TransCore recommends that basic protocol (not ECP) be used when commands are entered manually at the keyboard.

Error correction is accomplished with the use of a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) value that is based on the message data. The originator (reader or host) calculates the CRC value of a message and includes it in the transmitted message.

The recipient (reader or host) also calculates a CRC value for the received message. If the transmitted message data is correct, the CRC value calculated by the recipient will agree with the CRC value calculated by the originator. If the CRC values do not agree, the recipient rejects the message.

Message sequence numbers are also included when using ECP. These sequence numbers are checked to determine if the message received has the correct sequence number; if not, the recipient rejects the message.

Because the seven-bit ASCII code is used and there are eight data bits per character, the eighth bit can optionally be used to support parity. Where parity is selected, the CRC value calculation includes the parity of each character in the calculation of the CRC value.

Parity is required to achieve the most reliable communications. If parity is enabled, both the MPRX and the host must issue a message if any received character has a parity error. However, the message must not be transmitted before receipt of the eom character. If the message is transmitted prematurely, the MPRX will issue an Error message, and the host device will issue a negative acknowledgment message.

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System Guide

Data Inquiry Protocol

Data inquiry protocol is a basic protocol option that allows the host to control transmission of reader tag data. The selection of data inquiry protocol aects data mode operation. As MPRX acquires tags, it buers them but does not transmit them. Instead, the host must poll MPRX for each tag by sending a CTRL-E character (hex 5 digit). MPRX transmits one message (tag ID or report data) for each CTRL-E it receives until the buer is empty.

Each tag request message sent by the host consists only of the CTRL-E character; no som or eom characters are sent. MPRX data transmission (tag ID and report data) format is the same as for basic protocol.

Selection of data inquiry protocol does not aect command mode operation.

Basic Protocol and ECP Format

Note: In the following text, the symbols < and > are used to represent required variable message data, and the symbols [and] are used to represent optional data. These symbols are not part of the message syntax.

Reader Transmissions

The basic protocol format and the data inquiry protocol format are as follows:

The ECP format is as follows:

where

<som> Start-of-message (ASCII # character)

<seq> Sequence number (ASCII hex) that represents an even number in the

range 0–9, A–F (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, A, C, E). The MPRX maintains the number. The host must acknowledge reader transmissions by sending an ACK message with the same sequence number received from the MPRX. The MPRX updates its sequence number upon receipt of a valid host ACK. If an ACK is not received, the MPRX retransmits the message. A reader transmission sequence is not considered complete until the MPRX receives an ACK and updates its sequence number.

<data> ASCII string up to 72 characters long. This string may contain tag data; a

presence without tag report; an input status change report; an Error06, Error07, Error08, or Error11 message; or a sign-on message. Auxiliary data may also be included.

6–4

<crc> Field containing four ASCII digits that represent the 16-bit CRC value

calculated on the message. The CRC value is calculated on bytes between the som character and the ﬁrst <crc> byte.

TransCore Proprietary

MPRX

When the host receives a properly framed message, it can calculate

a 16-bit CRC value. The calculation is applied to the character string that immediately follows the <som> and that ends with the character immediately preceding the ﬁrst <crc> character.

Transmitted CRC value can then be compared with the binary equivalent of

the received <crc> characters. If the transmitted and received CRC values do not match, the recipient assumes the message was received in error, and transmits a NAK message response.

<eom>

If the host receives a <som> character in the middle of a data message, the

End-of-message characters (ASCII CR and LF). The system includes both a carriage return (CR) and line feed (LF) to facilitate the use of terminals and printers.

message in progress is aborted. The assumption is that an <eom> was lost and the MPRX is in the process of retransmitting the previous message.

ECP Host ACK/NAK Response

With ECP, the host device responds to all data message transmissions from the MPRX using the following acknowledgment or negative acknowledgment response format.

where

<som> Start-of-message (ASCII # character)

<seq> Echo of the sequence number received from the MPRX. The sequence

number should correspond to the data message that is being positively or negatively acknowledged by the host. If the MPRX receives an ACK message with the incorrect sequence number, the data message is retransmitted.

The host device resets the anticipated data message sequence number to

that of the MPRX before communications can resume without error.

<ack/nak> ASCII @ character for ACK response; ASCII ? character for NAK response

<crc> CRC value for the message

<eom> End-of-message character (ASCII CR)

The MPRX sets a user-programmable timeout delay at the time each

message is transmitted based on command #612NN Set Error Correcting Protocol Timeout, where NN = timeout delay. To disable the timeout delay for diagnostic purposes, issue the command #612FF Disable Error Correcting Protocol Timeout.

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System Guide

If the timeout delay expires before the MPRX receives an ACK or NAK

message from the host, a logical NAK condition will be declared. If the MPRX receives a NAK or timeout, the reader retransmits the data message.

When the MPRX receives an ACK message, the system software treats

the message as having been properly received by the host. The software increments the sequence number, and advances pointers to the next message in the MPRX’s message queue to prepare for sending the next message.

Switch to Command Mode Request

The host device may issue command #01 Switch to Command Mode while in data mode.

The basic protocol format is as follows:

The ECP format is as follows:

where

<som> Start-of-message (ASCII # character)

<seq> Sequence number generated by the host device separately from that

appearing in data messages transmitted by the MPRX

<cmd> Switch to command mode (ASCII characters 01)

<crc> CRC value for the message

<eom> End-of-message character (ASCII CR)

Host Transmission

The host device initiates synchronous communications between the MPRX and the host. The host begins a sequence by issuing a command; the MPRX responds accordingly.

The data inquiry protocol format is as follows:

<CTRL-E>

The basic protocol format is as follows:

6–6

The ECP format is as follows:

where

<CTRL-E> ASCII Control E (hex 5 digit). When in data inquiry mode, each transmission

of a CTRL-E by the host causes the MPRX to transmit one tag ID.

TransCore Proprietary

MPRX

<som> Start-of-message (ASCII # character)

<seq> Sequence number (ASCII hex digit) that represents an odd number in the

range 0–9, A–F (1, 3, 5, 7, 9, B, D, F). The host should use odd sequence numbers in its command since the MPRX uses even sequence numbers in its transmissions. This method eliminates the possibility of a synchronous host command and an asynchronous reader transmission having the same sequence number.

Upon receiving a host command in ECP, the MPRX replies using the

command’s sequence number in its response. Therefore, the host device updates its sequence number upon receipt of a valid reader response. If the sequence number is not updated before transmission of the next command, the MPRX will not service the new command; it will retransmit its previous message. A command/message sequence is not complete until the host updates its sequence number.

<cmd> Command code, a string that contains from two to four ASCII hex characters

[<data>] Optional data ﬁeld, an ASCII string of as many as 20 characters in length. For

example, the store hardware conﬁguration string command is #696S...S or command #696 Store Hardware Conﬁguration String followed by the data string S...S.]

<crc> CRC value for the message

<eom> End-of-message character (ASCII CR)

Reader Command Response

The basic protocol format is

The ECP format is

where

<som> Start-of-message (ASCII # character)

<seq> Echo of sequence number received in host command message

<resp> Response string. The MPRX returns Done, Error, or another ASCII string

depending on the host transmission. This string can be up to 72 characters long.

<crc> CRC value for the message

<eom> End-of-message character (ASCII CR and LF)

Sample Messages

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System Guide

This section contains examples of typical messages transmitted between the MPRX and the host device.

Reader Transmissions

Basic protocol reader transmission

#KING 1302<eom>

Host response

No host response for non-ECP

ECP reader transmission

#4KING 1302 <crc><eom>

where

KING 1302 Message data: Tag ID is shown.

Other sample message data could be as follows: IOST C0 O2 I0 D24

<crc> CRC value for the message

<eom> End-of-message character

Host response

#4@<crc><eom>

where

Start-of-message character

Message sequence number

(display I/O status) Error06 (frequency not set)

Start-of-message character

Message sequence number

ACK (acknowledgment character) (? returned for a negative acknowledgment)

6–8

<crc> CRC value for the message

<eom> End-of-message character

TransCore Proprietary

MPRX

Host Command Transmissions

Basic protocol host transmission

#647XXX<eom>

Reader response

#Done<eom> or #Error<eom>

#Error<eom> is returned if the host transmission is not a legal command with legal data.

ECP host transmission

#7647XXX<crc><eom>

where

647XXX Select RF Operating Frequency command where 647XXX is the

<crc> CRC value for the message

<eom> End-of-message character

Done Command has been invoked by the MPRX

Reader response

#7Done<crc><eom> or #7Error<eom>

For some commands, the MPRX responds with data that relates to the command, such as T0F 0, to indicate the mode enabled for a #570 Display Operating Mode Status command.

#7Error<eom> will be returned if host transmission is not a legal command with legal data.

Start-of-message character

Message sequence number

command and XXX is a hexadecimal value from 000 to 118. In this example, XXX sets the RF frequency to 903 MHz.

Timing and Synchronization

The ECP is largely independent of baud rate. The timeout delays previously described are a function of baud rate.

The MPRX supports an ECP timeout, which applies equally to both transmit and receive.

The receiver’s minimum timeout delay equals the time to transmit/receive the longest anticipated message at the current baud rate setting. Additional margin should be included for idle periods between characters; for example, processing overhead, if any. The timeout delay period can be expressed as follows:

Τrec (ms) = L x [Τchar + Τidle]

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System Guide

where

Τchar (ms) 1000 x [ Bc / Rb ]

Τidle Maximum idle period between characters (ms)

Note: The MPRX supports baud rates between 1200 and 38.4 K.

Likewise, the sender must set a timeout delay equal to the delay of nine characters at the current baud rate setting. For example, the time required to shift out the <eom> character plus the time to shift in the ACK or NAK message to be received plus a processing allowance for the receiver to process the message and check for error conditions.

Thus, the sending timeout delay can be expressed as follows:

Τsend (ms) = 9 * Τchar + Τerrchk

where

Τerrckh (ms) Processing period to perform error checking by receiver

The host device can remotely set the MPRX’s communications parameters while in the command mode, but TransCore does not recommend this action if communications conditions are marginal.

Bits per character, typically 10

Baud rate, 1200–38.4 K

Length of message in characters

After the MPRX receives new communications parameters, the MPRX issues the Done message and switches to the new conﬁguration immediately. The host device switches its communications parameters immediately after the transaction is complete.

As noted, the message initiator, such as the MPRX in data mode and the host device in command mode, starts a timeout counter at the time a message is transmitted. If the timeout expires before receiving an acknowledgment message, a logical NAK condition is declared, and the initiator assumes the message was received in error. In this instance, the message is retransmitted until an acknowledgment message is received.

The message recipient, such as the host device in data mode and the MPRX in command mode, starts a timeout counter when a <som> character is received. If the timeout expires without the receipt of an <eom>, the message acquisition is aborted (reset), and the receiver waits for the next <som> character.

If the message recipient receives a second <som> character before an <eom> character, the message acquisition is aborted (reset), and retransmission of the previous message is assumed to be underway.

These strategies allow for recovery during periods when communications are marginal or lost completely.

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Reader-Addressed Failure Conditions

The MPRX addresses the following failure conditions.

Illegal Sequence Number (not in the range 0–9, A–F)

If the MPRX detects an illegal sequence number in a host command message, it discards the received message and sends no response. If it receives an illegal sequence number in an ACK message, it responds as if a NAK had been received and retransmits the data.

Wrong Sequence Number

If the MPRX receives the wrong sequence number in an ACK message, it responds as if a NAK had been received, and it retransmits the data.

Incorrect CRC

If the MPRX detects an incorrect CRC value in a host command message, it discards the received message. No response is sent. If it receives an incorrect CRC value in an ACK message, it responds as if a NAK had been received, and it retransmits the data.

MPRX

Illegal Command

If the MPRX receives an illegal command, it returns its standard Error message.

Transmission Timeout

If the MPRX transmits an asynchronous message and the host does not send an ACK

before the ECP timeout occurs, the MPRX retransmits the message.

Receive Timeout

If the MPRX receives a <som> but does not receive a matching <eom> before the ECP timeout occurs, it discards the incomplete message and resets its receiver.

Asynchronous Message/Command Message Collision

If the MPRX transmits asynchronous data at the same time that the host sends a command, the MPRX gives priority to receiving the command. It processes the command and sends a message before it retransmits the asynchronous data.

Host-Addressed Failure Conditions

The host device addresses the following failure conditions.

Illegal or Wrong Sequence Number

If the host detects an illegal or wrong sequence number in a reader response, it retransmits the command with the same sequence number. If the host detects an illegal sequence number in an asynchronous reader transmission, it sends a NAK message.

Incorrect CRC

If the host detects an incorrect CRC value in a reader message, it retransmits the command

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System Guide

with the same sequence number. If the host detects an incorrect CRC value in an asynchronous reader transmission, it transmits a NAK message.

Transmission Timeout

If the MPRX does not respond to a host command within a speciﬁed interval, the host software retransmits the command with the same sequence number.

Receive Timeout

If the host receives a <som> but does not receive a matching <eom> within a speciﬁed timeout interval, it discards the incomplete message and resets its receiver.

Asynchronous Message/Command Message Collision

If the host receives an asynchronous reader transmission at the same time it transmits a command, it ignores the asynchronous message and waits for the MPRX’s response. The MPRX retransmits asynchronous data after it transmits the command message.

ECP Reliability

An undetected error is deﬁned as a message having incorrect data or status but no parity or CRC errors. An error transaction is deﬁned as a message having either a parity or CRC error. Laboratory testing indicates an undetected error rate of less than one undetected error per 1,000,000 error transactions with parity enabled.

To ensure this error rate is not exceeded, the host must enable parity and adhere closely to the timing speciﬁcations discussed previously in “Timing and Synchronization” on page

6–9.

CRC Calculation

The CRC used by the ECP is based on a 16-bit algorithm. The algorithm, as implemented, operates on eight-bit characters, for example, a seven-bit ASCII character plus one optional parity bit. The 16-bit result is converted to four ASCII hex characters and is appended to messages transmitted by the MPRX.

The MPRX accepts four ASCII < ` > characters (60 hex) as a wild card CRC value in lieu of a valid four-character CRC value to facilitate testing and diagnostic checkout.

The MPRX implements the algorithm with a 512-byte lookup table to reduce the processing overhead requirements.

To simplify the implementation of the CRC algorithm by host software developers, several examples of the calculation are provided in C source code on the following pages. The calculation may be performed with or without a lookup table, depending on the trade-o between code memory and processing overhead.

6–12

Example 1 presents an example of a function (CALCCRC) that calculates the CRC value through a call to a separate function (UPDCRC).

TransCore Proprietary

unsigned short calccrc(char *message)

{ unsigned short crc = 0; for ( ; *message != (char)0;message++) crc =

updcrc(*message & 0xff, crc);

return (crc)

}

Example 2 shows an example of UPDCRC that does not require a lookup table.

#dene BITS_PER_CHAR 8

unsigned short updcrc (unsigned short ch, unsigned short crc)

{

while (--counter >= 0) if

(temp & 0x8000) {

temp <<= 1;

temp += (((ch <<= 1) & 0x0100) != 0);

temp ^= 0x1021;

}

else { temp

<<= 1;

temp += (((ch <<= 1) & 0x0100) != 0);

}

return(temp);

}

MPRX

Example 3 contains an example of UPDCRC that does require a lookup table.

#dene updcrc(cp, crc)( crctab[((crc >> 8) & 255)]^ (crc << 8) ^ cp static

unsigned short crctab [256] = {

0x0000,

0x8108,

0x1231,

0x9339,

0x2462,

0xa56a,

0x3653,

0xb75b,

0x48c4,

0xc9cc,

0x5af5,

0xdbfd,

0x1021, 0x2042, 0x3063, 0x4048, 0x50a5, 0x60c6,

0x9129, 0xa14a, 0xb16b, 0xc18c, 0xd1ad, 0xe1ce,

0x0210, 0x3273, 0x2252, 0x52b5, 0x4294, 0x72f7,

0x8318, 0xb37b, 0xa35a, 0xd3bd, 0xc39c, 0xf3ff,

0x3443, 0x0420, 0x1401, 0x64e6, 0x74c7, 0x44a4,

0xb54b, 0x8528, 0x9509, 0xe5ee, 0xf5cf, 0xc5ac,

0x2672, 0x1611, 0x0630, 0x76d7, 0x66f6, 0x5695,

0xa77a, 0x9719, 0x8738, 0xf7df, 0xe7fe, 0xd79d,

0x58e5, 0x6886, 0x78a7, 0x0840, 0x1861, 0x2802,

0xd9ed, 0xe98e, 0xf9af, 0x8948, 0x9969, 0xa90a,

0x4ad4, 0x7ab7, 0x6a96, 0x1a71, 0x0a50, 0x3a33, 0x2a12,

0xcbdc, 0xfbbf, 0xeb9e, 0x9b79, 0x8b58, 0xbb3b, 0xab1a,

0x70e7,

0xf1ef,

0x62d6,

0xe3de,

0x5485,

0xd58d,

0x46b4,

0xc7bc,

0x3823,

0xb92b,

0x6ca6, 0x7c87, 0x4ce4, 0x5cc5, 0x2c22, 0x3c03, 0x0c60, 0x1c41,

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System Guide

0xedae, 0xfd8f, 0xcdec, 0xddcd, 0xad2a, 0xbd0b, 0x8d68, 0x9d49,

0x7e97, 0x6eb6, 0x5ed5, 0x4ef4, 0x3e13, 0x2e32, 0x1e51, 0x0e70,

0xff9f, 0xefbe, 0xdfdd, 0xcffc, 0xbf1b, 0xaf3a, 0x9f59, 0x8f78,

0x9188, 0x81a9, 0xb1ca, 0xa1eb, 0xd10c, 0xc12d, 0xf14e, 0xe16f,

0x1080, 0x00a1, 0x30c2, 0x20e3, 0x5004, 0x4025, 0x7046, 0x6067,

0x83b9, 0x9398, 0xa3fb, 0xb3da, 0xc33d, 0xd31c, 0xe37f, 0xf35e,

0x02b1,

0xb5ea,

0x34e2,

0xa7db,

0x26d3,

0xd94c,

0x5844,

0xcb7d,

0x4a75,

0xfd2e,

0x7c26,

0xef1f,

0x6e17,

};

0x1290, 0x22f3, 0x32d2, 0x4235, 0x5214,

0xa5cb, 0x95a8, 0x8589, 0xf56e, 0xe54f,

0x24c3, 0x14a0, 0x0481, 0x7466, 0x6447,

0xb7fa, 0x8799, 0x97b8, 0xe75f, 0xf77e,

0x36f2, 0x0691, 0x16b0, 0x6657, 0x7676,

0xc96d, 0xf90e, 0xe92f, 0x99c8, 0x89e9,

0x4865, 0x7806, 0x6827, 0x18c0, 0x08e1,

0xdb5c, 0xeb3f, 0xfb1e, 0x8bf9, 0x9bd8,

0x5a54, 0x6a37, 0x7a16, 0x0af1, 0x1ad0,

0xed0f, 0xdd6c, 0xcd4d, 0xbdaa, 0xad8b,

0x6c07, 0x5c64, 0x4c45, 0x3ca2, 0x2c83,

0xff3e, 0xcf5d, 0xdf7c, 0xaf9b, 0xbfba,

0x7e36, 0x4e55, 0x5e74, 0x2e93, 0x3eb2,

Example 4 shows an example of a function that creates the lookup table.

#include <stdio.h>

#dene MAX_CHAR 256 #dene BITS_CHAR 8 #dene SIGN_BIT 0x8000 #dene POLY 0x1021 unsigned short crctab [MAX_CHAR]; main

()

{ unsigned short ch; unsigned short workval; unsigned short bit; unsigned short carry;

for (ch = 0; ch != MAX_CHAR; ch++) { workval = ch << BITS_CHAR;

0x6277, 0x7256,

0xd52c, 0xc50d,

0x5424, 0x4405,

0xc71d, 0xd73c,

0x4615, 0x5634,

0xb98a, 0xa9ab,

0x3882, 0x28a3,

0xabbb, 0xbb9a,

0x2ab3, 0x3a92,

0x9de8, 0x8dc9,

0x1ce0, 0x0cc1,

0x8fd9, 0x9ff8,

0x0ed1, 0x1ef0,

6–14

for (bit = BITS_CHAR; bit != 0; bit--) { carry = (workval & SIGN_BIT);

workval <<= 1; if (carry) workval ^=

POLY;

TransCore Proprietary

} crctab[ch] = workval;

}

for (ch = 0; ch != MAX_CHAR; ch++)

printf(“0x%04x\n”, crctab[ch]);

}

Manually Disabling ECP for Maintenance

Under certain conditions, communications between the host and MPRX may be lost temporarily and maintenance may be required. The reader or host is sending out a message and waiting for an acknowledgment. When the acknowledgment is not received, the message is sent again. Additional messages are also buered. Often the ﬁrst indication that the MPRX software is in an ECP “loop” is when the user/technician sees a recurring display of the same message repeated on the monitor. The procedure described in the following paragraphs enables the maintenance technician to change conﬁguration or test tag reading manually.

MPRX

Assuming that the ECP timeout is at the factory default of 12.7 seconds (or other value that allows enough time for the commands to be manually entered) the following command sequence may be used to break out of an ECP loop. This command sequence uses four ASCII < ` > characters (60 hex) as wild card CRC values.

Note: The ASCII <`> character (60 hex) is commonly located on the ~ key.

You must acknowledge existing messages by issuing commands with the generic format:

#x@‘‘‘‘<eom>

where

<‘‘‘‘> Wild card CRC value for the message

<eom> End-of-message character

The following is a typical sequence after power-on limiting buered messages.

Start-of-message character

Message sequence number. This must be the same as the sequence number of the message being acknowledged

ACK (acknowledgment character)

Note: Ensure that no tags are in the ﬁeld when you are performing this troubleshooting procedure.

Caution

To avoid damage to the MPRX, ensure that you have connected the antenna or a

dummy load to the reader before applying power to the reader.

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System Guide

Reader transmission on power-up:

#0 Model …. SN <crc><eom>

Manually enter: #0@````<eom>

Manually enter: #2@````<eom>

Manually enter: #101‘‘‘‘<eom>

this puts reader into command mode

Reader response: #1Done<crc><eom>

Manually enter: #3610‘‘‘‘<eom> this puts reader into basic protocol,

disabling ECP

reader response: Done

Enter any other desired diagnostic or directive commands in basic protocol. After

maintenance is complete enter the commands:

#00 to return the reader to data mode

#611 to return to error correcting protocol

#100````<eom>

to return reader to data mode

6–16

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MPRX

TransCore Proprietary

6–17

Chapter 7

Commands

User Guide

This chapter discusses the host-transmitted commands that are used to control the Multiprotocol Reader Extreme (MPRX) conﬁguration and operation.

Introduction

The MPRX is delivered from the factory with speciﬁed default settings that determine how the reader operates. Commands transmitted by the host device can change the default settings and control additional features. The commands can be transmitted by manually entering the commands at the host keyboard if the host is in terminal emulation mode. The MPRX can also communicate with ASCII terminals.

Operating Modes

Chapter 7 Commands

The MPRX has three modes of operation: data mode, command mode, and download mode. The software for the MPRX contains two separate programs — boot and application. The boot program has control of the MPRX on startup and when operating in download mode. The application program has control of the MPRX during data mode and command mode operation and holds the application code. Together, they control the MPRX in the three modes of operation.

Data Mode

The MPRX is in the data mode upon power-up. While in the data mode, the MPRX sends all communications, such as tag IDs and reports, as data messages to the host device. Reports provide information on input status changes (input0 and input1), a presence without tag report, and buer overﬂow information. When MPRX mode has been enabled (#837) and while the MPRX is in data mode, the host device can send the following commands the MPRX:

• Command #01 changes the MPRX from the data mode to the command mode.

• Command #440 provides a one-time reset of all tag uniqueness timers at which

point the previously set timeout interval resumes.

• Command #8110 turns on RF port0 and sends the command on Ctag pin 0 to ﬁre o

Ctag address 0.

• Command #8111 turns on RF port1 and sends the command on Ctag pin 0 to ﬁre o

Ctag address 1.

7–2

TransCore Proprietary

MPRX Reader

• Command #8112 turns on RF port2 and sends the command on Ctag pin 1 to ﬁre o

Ctag address 0.

• Command #8113 turns on RF Port 3 and sends the command on Ctag pin 1 to ﬁre o

Ctag address 1.

• Command #8150 sets the check tag address to 0 on check tag pin 0.

• Command #8151 sets the check tag address to 1 on check tag pin 0.

• Command #8152 sets the check tag address to 0 on check tag pin 1.

• Command #8153 sets the check tag address to 1 on check tag pin 1.

Note: The MPRX transmits ID codes to the host device when the MPRX is in data mode.

Command Mode

While the MPRX is in the command mode, the host device sends commands to the MPRX that can be used to control the reader operation and conﬁguration. After the MPRX receives a command, it transmits a command response message. Typically, the command message contains Error, Done, or data relating speciﬁcally to the command request. These messages may be of variable length since some commands require information as part of the message; for example, #570 Display Operating Mode Status.

Communication can be lost if the host device attempts to send certain commands under marginal communication conditions. For example, if the host device transmits the command request to change the baud rate and the MPRX properly receives the request and transmits the Done message, one of the two following conditions may occur:

1. If the host device receives the Done message, then both the host and the MPRX switch to the new baud rate, and communications are maintained.

Note: In many applications, the host must be set to the new baud rate as it does not change automatically.

Note: The MPRX changes the baud rate immediately after issuing the Done message.

2. However, if the host does not receive the Done message transmitted by the MPRX, the host assumes that the command was not properly sent and does not switch to the new baud rate, causing a loss of communications.

Caution

The host device should not attempt to change communications parameters or protocols during marginal communications conditions; otherwise, a loss of communication can result.

Download Mode

In download mode, the host can download new software to the MPRX.

While in download mode, the reader communications port parameters are ﬁxed at the following factory-default settings: 38400 baud, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no parity, software ﬂow control (XON/XOFF), basic protocol.

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While in download mode, the MPRX turns RF o, does not process tags, and does not echo host commands.

Typically, TransCore trained personnel download new application code using a custom ﬁrmware loader program.

Command List

Reader commands are divided into groups based on a primary function. The following sections provide information about each command in command number order. Refer to

“Command Quick Reference” on page D–1 for listings of commands in numerical and

alphabetical order. In the following text, the symbols < and > represent variable message data. These symbols

are not part of the message syntax.

Hex digits (0–9, A–F) in either uppercase or lowercase characters may be used in data strings and for hex digits A–F.

Reader Mode Control — Command Group 0

Group 0 commands control reader mode. The mode determines whether the reader is transmitting data to or receiving data from a host device or terminal.

00 Switch to Data Mode (Factory Default)

Command #00 switches the reader to data mode, which allows the reader to transmit tag data (ID codes) to the host. In addition to switching the reader to data mode, command #00 automatically saves to non-volatile memory (NVRAM) any user parameters that had been changed during the command mode session. The reader enters data mode on power up.

Caution

To save user parameter changes to non-volatile memory (NVRAM), you must send

command #00 before powering down the reader.

When MPRX mode has been enabled (#837) and while the MPRX is in data mode, the host device can send the following commands to the MPRX:

• Command #01 Switch to Command Mode

Reader response:

Done

• Command #440 Reset Uniqueness

7–4

Reader response:

Done

• Command #8110 Switch on RF Port 0, Fire O Check Tag Address 0 on Check Tag

Pin 0

Reader response:

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Done

• Command #8111 Switch on RF Port 1, Fire O Check Tag Address 1 on Check Tag Pin

Reader response:

Done

• Command #8112 Switch on RF Port 2, Fire O Check Tag Address 0 on Check Tag

Pin 1

Reader response:

Done

• Command #8113 Switch on RF Port 3, Fire O Check Tag Address 1 on Check Tag

Pin 1

Reader response:

Done

• Command #8150 Set Check Tag Address to 0 on Check Tag Pin 0.

Reader response:

Done

• Command #8151 Set Check Tag Address to 1 on Check Tag Pin 0.

Reader response:

Done

• Command #8152 Set Check Tag Address to 0 on Check Tag Pin 1.

Reader response:

Done

• Command #8153 Set Check Tag Address to 1 on Check Tag Pin 1.

Reader response:

Done

Note: The MPRX transmits ID codes to the host device when the MPRX is in data mode.

01 Switch to Command Mode

Command #01 switches the reader to command mode, which allows the reader to accept commands from a host or terminal. While in command mode, the reader turns RF o and does not acquire tags.

Reader response:

Done

Communications Port Control — Command Group 1

Group 1 commands conﬁgure the parameters used by the MPRX to communicate with a host device or terminal. These commands set baud rate, stop bits, parity, and end-of- line

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User Guide

delay.

100N Select Baud Rate

Command #100N selects the reader baud rate. The factory-default setting is 9600 baud. The N variable speciﬁes the baud rate shown in Table 7 – 1.

Command Baud Rate Selected

1002 1200

1003 2400

1004 4800

1005 9600 (factory default)

1006 19.2 K

1007 38.4 K

Table 7 – 1 Select Baud Rate Commands

Caution

If ECP is enabled, ensure that the ECP timeout is sucient for the new baud rate.

Refer to “Timing and Synchronization” on page 6–9.

Reader response:

Done

101N Select Stop Bits

Command #101N selects the number of stop bits for reader character transmission. The factory default setting is 1 stop bit. The N variable speciﬁes the number of stop bits as indicated in Table 7 – 2.

Command Stop Bits Selected

1010 1 (factory default)

1011 2

Table 7 – 2 Select Stop Bits Commands

7–6

Reader response:

Done

102N Select Parity

Command #102N selects the reader parity setting. The factory-default setting is parity disabled. The N variable speciﬁes parity as shown in Table 7 – 3.

TransCore Proprietary

Table 7 – 3 Select Parity Commands

Command Data Bits Parity Selected

1020 8 Disable parity (factory default)

1021 7 Select even parity

1022 7 Select odd parity

Reader response:

Done

Command Group 2

Group 2 commands control the real-time clock which maintains the MPRX internal time and date. This time and date can be appended to IDs, error messages, and sensor input reports. An internal battery supports the clock, so time and date are preserved if main power is lost.

MPRX Reader

20 Set Time

Command #20 sets the time. Enter the time in the proper format: two-digit decimal entries with no spaces between characters and using colons as delimiters.

The entry format is as follows:

20HH:MM:SS or 20HH:MM:SS:hh

where

hh represents hundredths of a second (00 to 99).

If hundredths of a second is not speciﬁed, the reader sets the hundredths register to 00.

Reader response:

Done

represents hours (00 to 23).

represents minutes (00 to 59).

represents seconds (00 to 59).

is the time delimiter.

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User Guide

21 Set Date

Command #21 sets the date. Enter the date in the proper format: two-digit decimal entries with no spaces between characters and using forward slashes “/” as delimiters. The entry format is as follows:

21MM/DD/YY

where

represents the month (01 to 12).

represents the day (01 to 31).

represents the last two digits of the year (00 to 99).

is the date delimiter.

Reader response:

Done

22 Display Time and Date

Command #22 displays the reader’s current time and date. One space separates the time and the date output.

Reader response:

HH:MM:SS.hh MM/DD/YY

where

represents hours.

represents minutes.

7–8

hh represents hundredths of seconds.

represents seconds.

is the time delimiter.

represents the month.

represents the day.

represents the last two digits of the year.

is the date delimiter.

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Append Information — Command Group 3

Group 3 commands append useful information to reader transmissions, such as IDs, error messages, and sensor input reports. Auxiliary information such as reader number, antenna number (or manual entry code), number of times the previous tag was read, and sensor input status can be appended to the ID using the Group 3 commands.

30N Append Time and Date Selection

Command #30N selects the option of appending the time and date to transmitted IDs, error messages, presence without tag reports, and input status change reports. The factory default setting is time and date appended (command #302).

The reader returns an Error message if its tag buer contains data. The reset reader command #63 may be transmitted to clear the buer; however, tag ID data will not be reported. If this is unacceptable, allow the buer to empty before reissuing append time and date command #30N. Append Time and Date commands are shown in Table 7 – 4.

Table 7 – 4 Append Time and Date Commands

Command Append Option

300 No time and date appended

302 Time and date appended (factory default)

The reader transmits messages with time and date appended as follows. One space separates the time from the date.

where

string

HH:MM:SS is the time delimiter.

MM/DD/YY is the date delimiter.

Reader response:

Done

is a tag ID, error message, or report.

separates <string> from the time and date.

31N Append Auxiliary Information Selection

Command #31N selects the option of appending auxiliary information to transmitted IDs, presence-without-tag reports, and input status change reports. Auxiliary information is not appended to error messages. The factory-default setting is no auxiliary information appended. The N variable speciﬁes whether or not auxiliary information is to be appended. Append Auxiliary Information commands are shown in Table 7 – 5.

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User Guide

Table 7 – 5 Append Auxiliary Information Commands

Command Append Option

310 No auxiliary information appended (factory default)

311 Auxiliary information appended

The reader transmits messages with auxiliary information appended as:

where

sss

Note: If the MPRX mode is enabled (#837) and you are using the Train Recording Unit (TRU™) as a host, a relative tag strength is appended to the end of the auxiliary data.

Reader response:

Done

separates the auxiliary information and signals the host computer that auxiliary information is appended.

reader ID. Value can be set with command #60NN.

auxiliary information delimiter

antenna number.

number of reads (00 to FF hexadecimal) of the previous tag on this antenna

current status of input0 and input1 (0 to 3)

relative to tag read strength

ID Filtering — Command Group 4

Group 4 commands set criteria for ﬁltering (buering or discarding) ID codes. These commands are useful for eliminating duplicate ID codes and selecting the type of tags read by the MPRX.

7–10

40 Transmit All ID Codes

Command #40 instructs the reader to transmit all IDs without regard for uniqueness. This command can be useful when tuning the read zone and mapping the footprint or performing diagnostics.

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MPRX Reader

After diagnostics are complete, you may want to reinstate the uniqueness check using command #410N Select Unique ID Code Criteria.

Reader response:

Done

410N Select Unique ID Code Criteria (Anti-passback Feature)

Command #410N instructs the reader to buer and transmit ID codes according to the following test: an ID is read if previously decoded IDs have changed value at least N+1 times since the new ID was last received. IDs that do not pass the test are not reported. The factory-default setting is command #4100, which selects a separation of one ID. Variable N speciﬁes ID separation as shown in Table 7 – 6.

Table 7 – 6 Unique ID Code Criteria

Command Uniqueness Criteria

4100 Separation of 1 ID (factory default)

4101 Separation of 2 IDs

4102 Separation of 3 IDs

4103 Separation of 4 IDs

Each time the reader receives a tag ID, it compares the ID with the contents of a comparison register. This register contains the following two items:

Item 1 Most recently acquired ID

Item 2 Second-most recently acquired ID

Item 3 Third-most recently acquired ID

Item 4 Fourth-most recently acquired ID

When the uniqueness ﬁlter is set to separation of one ID, the newly acquired ID is transmitted only if it is dierent from the ﬁrst item. Separation of two IDs allows transmission if the new ID is dierent from Items 1 and 2 in the comparison register. Separation of three and four IDs transmit the new ID only if it is dierent from the ﬁrst three and the ﬁrst four items, respectively.

Note: A new ID can fail the ﬁlter test and not be transmitted; however, it remains stored in the comparison register.

The uniqueness test has a time limit as set by command #44N. If an ID is buered, it will not be accepted again unless it arrives at the reader more than the timeout value from the previous arrival or until the receipt of one or more other IDs reset the uniqueness.

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User Guide

Reader response:

Done

420N Select Valid ID Code Criteria

Command #420N directs the reader to validate an ID received only after it has been obtained a speciﬁed number of times in sequence. Values for N are 1 through 4 (Table 7 – 7). The factory setting is one acquisition (N = 0).

Table 7 – 7 Select Valid Code Commands and Frames

Command Valid Code Frames

4200 1 (factory default)

4201 2

4202 3

4203 4

The validation procedure is executed before the unique ID test (Select Unique ID Code Criteria [#410N] commands). IDs that do not pass the validation test are not reported.

For example, command #4203 speciﬁes that the same ID must be obtained from the antenna/RF module 4 times in succession before it is considered for the uniqueness test. This feature is useful in installations where RF reﬂections may cause a single tag to be read multiple times or where an occasional ID might be read from fringe areas

440 Reset Uniqueness

Command 440 causes the ID ﬁltering process set by Select Unique ID Code Criteria

(#410N) to restart. It is used in conjunction with the Set Uniqueness Timeout

#44N) commands. This command provides a one-time reset at which point the previously set

timeout interval resumes. This command can be sent in data or command mode.

44N Set Uniqueness Timeout

Places a time limit on the uniqueness criterion set by Select Unique ID Code Criteria (#410N). The parameter N sets the number of minutes on the timeout clock. The factory setting is two minutes (N = 1).

7–12

Command Timeout Clock

#441 2 minutes (factory setting)

#442 15 seconds

#443 30 seconds

Entering these commands eectively expires the timeout clock, which erases all current IDs in the comparison register. In eect, the ﬁrst ID that is acquired after the clock expires

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MPRX Reader

always appears to be new and is stored. Newly acquired IDs are only tested against IDs that are registered after the clock resets.

The timeout clock is continually reset (does not expire) as long as the reader receives the same tag ID. For example, assume that the timeout clock is set for two minutes and there is a railcar parked on a siding in front of the reader. Without this reset feature, the railcar’s ID would be reported every two minutes (each time the timeout clock expired).

452 Disable Tag Translation Mode (Factory Default)

Command #452 disables tag translation mode. Incoming full-frame tags will be converted directly to ASCII. They will not be translated from Association of American Railroads (AAR) and American Trucking Associations (ATA) format to ASCII.

Reader response:

Done

453 Enable Tag Translation Mode

Command #453 enables the translation of tags in AAR and ATA formats. Speciﬁc data ﬁelds, such as owner ID and car number, will be extracted from these tags, translated according to AAR or ATA standards, and converted to ASCII. Tags that are not programmed in AAR or ATA format will be converted directly to ASCII. The reader will not attempt to translate data from half-frame or dual-frame tags.

Reader response:

Done

456 Enable SeGo Protocol Tag Initialization During Multi-tag Sort (Factory Default)

Command #456 enables the reader to send the Super eGo® (SeGo) protocol tag initialize command as part of the multi-tag sort function. When the reader sends the SeGo protocol tag initialize command, all tags in the RF ﬁeld reenter the sort process.

Reader response:

Done

457 Disable SeGo Protocol Tag Initialization During Multi-tag Sort

Command #457 disables the reader from sending the SeGo protocol tag initialize command as part of the multi-tag sort function. Any SeGo protocol tags already identiﬁed by the reader during the sort process will not be re-identiﬁed as long as they remain powered in the RF ﬁeld. The reader will only identify new tags that come into the RF ﬁeld or tags that do not remain powered in the RF ﬁeld.

Reader response:

Done

480 Disable ATA

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TransCore MPRX User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual