Trane’s innovative Direct Fired gas heating systems add warm, fresh and clean air to your work
environment for about 20 precent less than the operation and maintenance costs of indirect gas
heat.
•Heats Without Complications: The Direct Fired gas heating system heats efficiently and cost-
•Replaces Indoor Air: The Direct Fired gas heating system replaces indoor air that can become
•Provides Ventilation: Fresh air is available simply by turning off the heating section.
•Cleans and Tempers Incoming Air: The optional filter bank removes airborne particles, and
•Trane offers two styles of Direct Fired gas heating systems:
What Is Make-Up Air?
Make-up air is an outside air supply that is brought in to relieve “air starvation.” Without make-up
air, a building is under a “negative” condition and the following will occur:
•Backdrafts in natural flues, ventilators and stacks.
•Reduced air volume handled by the exhaust fans and subsequently inadequate removal of
•Dispersal of contaminants throughout the work area by high velocity cross-currents from
•Uncomfortable and unhealthy working conditions.
•Pilot outages.
effectively using no heat exchanger.
chemical laden in an industrial process or commercial cooling application.
cleaned air is heated to create a more refreshing and comfortable indoor environment.
– Indoor units (DFIA)
– Large outdoor units (DFOA)
contaminants.
uncontrolled outside air sources.
When Is It Required?
Make-up air is required whenever exhaust fans are used. This need for a building “air change”
arises when there are:
•Processes which generate contaminants in the form of noxious fumes or dust.
•Activities which create excessive heat or undesirable odors.
•Hazardous material storage areas.
•Ventilation requirements for a building’s inhabitants.
•State and local code requirements.
Why Use Make-Up Air Units?
Outside air should not be allowed to drift in through windows, door cracks and other openings,
creating a strain on the heating system. Outside air should be controlled, tempered and
coordinated with the exhaust by a make-up air unit. The latter is reliable, efficient and does not
disrupt building activities.
Why Use Direct Gas-Firing?
Maximum economy is realized with direct gas-firing because the incoming air is heated directly in
the burner chamber. This provides 100 percent efficiency (92 percent sensible, 8 percent latent)
while eliminating a heat exchanger or combustion chamber that could burn out or corrode.
Trane direct-fired units are factory tested, include the necessary controls for operating the system
and generally cost less than alternate systems.
Installation is simple since the unit, (when shipping permits), is shipped as a complete package.
The burner is fully modulating, with a minimum firing rate of four percent of full input. This
characteristic results in just the right amount of heat under all operating conditions.
Industry Approval
ETL Labeling Requirements
A DFOA/DFIA unit can bear the ETL label if:
•The unit airflow is within the SCFM range shown in Tabl e 3 , p . 18 (DFIA) andTable 12, p. 33
(DFOA).
•The fuel is natural gas with a temperature rise not greater than 130°F or the fuel is LP and the
temperature rise not greater than 100°F.
•The motor is a single speed motor, or if the motor is a two speed motor, the burner will operate
in only one of the two speeds (high or low speed).
•Unit components are standard (there are exceptions to this).
•If the unit has return air, the unit must have a mixing box with the AdaptAire airflow station.
Maximum Emission Levels:
•If the unit has an ETL label, the maximum levels of the products of combustion meet
ANSI Z83.18 which are:
•Carbon Dioxide 4000 ppm
•Carbon Monoxide 5 ppm
•Aliphatic Aldehydes 1 ppm
•Nitrogen Dioxide 0.50 ppm
CETL Labeling Requirements (Canada)
A DFOA/DFIA unit will have a CETL label if the unit meets the first five items of “ETL Labeling
Requirements” (above), AND the unit does not have return air.
Trademarks
Trane and the Trane logo are trademarks of Trane in the United States and other countries. All
trademarks referenced in this document are the trademarks of their respective owners.
When more air is exhausted from a building than is supplied by the mechanical systems, the
building is under a “negative” condition. Air will leak into the building through cracks, windows,
and doors.
•Make-up air units are typically used to compensate for air being exhausted from a building or
other structure.
•Application for closed systems such as ovens or paint booths (consult home office).
•For use as a door heater where outside air is heated and not prevented from infiltrating.
•The DFOA/DFIA can be used as an air handler, no burner section. Can also be used with DX,
electric, CW, HW and steam coils. Contact your Trane representative.
Figure 1. Application and various modular arrangements (DFIA only)
Outdoor Units
Outdoor make-up air units are the most common approach to relieving negative pressure inside
commercial and industrial facilities. All units offer the advantage of a full support system that is
watertight, provides a plenum for return air, and has easily accessible piping and electrical
connections.
When a negative condition exists:
•Flues and stacks may experience a backdraft and cause dangerous contaminants to remain in
the occupied space. In the case of flues, the products of combustion may condense and corrode
the equipment.
•Under negative conditions, the exhaust system sees a greater static pressure. The capacity of
each fan is reduced and this results in an inadequate removal of contaminants.
6 MUA-PRC007-EN
•Drafts and cross-currents will increase in a negative condition, causing an uncomfortable or
What Fuel to Use?
The most common fuel for heating make-up air is natural gas. This is because 100 percent of the
energy goes into the air stream (92 percent sensible, 8 percent latent). Direct firing eliminates the
need for heat exchangers or combustion chambers that can corrode or leak. Natural gas is often
the least expensive fuel and is usually readily available.
Note: Selected horizontal and vertical units are available with special coil options (DX, chilled
Application Considerations
unhealthy work environment.
water, steam or electric).
MUA-PRC007-EN7
Selection Procedure
Calculating Total External Static Pressure to Determine Fan Motor Horsepower. To
determine the fan motor horsepower, use the following steps:
1. Select Unit
– Determine cabinet size and cfm
2. Determine Static Pressure of Optional Accessories
– Add the static pressures of the optional accessories.
3. Determine External Static Pressure
– Calculate external static pressure of system due to ductwork, grilles, etc. This is the static
pressure external to the DFIA/DFOA unit and is up to the system designer to determine.
4. Calculate Total External Static Pressure
– Add the static pressures of the optional accessories to the external static pressure to
determine total external static pressure.
5. Usethe Tabl e 1 , p . 1 6 (DFIA) andTable 10, p. 31 (DFOA) to determine the fan motor horsepower.
Example:
1. Specification calls for a 40,000 cfm unit. Select a size 225.
2. Unit will require an inlet hood, inlet damper and a v-bank filter. Therefore,the static pressure
of the optional accessories is 0.51 in. wc.
Fresh air inlet hood and birdscreen0.13 in. wc
Motor operated inlet damper0.13 in. wc
V-bank filter section0.25 in. wc
Static pressure of optional accessories0.51 in. wc
3. Engineer has determined that the external static pressure due to the ductwork is 0.75 in. wc.
4. Static Pressure of optional accessories0.51 in. wc
External static pressure0.75 in. wc
Total External Static Pressure1.26 in. wc
5. For a size 225 unit at 40,000 cfm and 1.26 in. total external static pressure, a 30 hp fan motor will
be required.
8 MUA-PRC007-EN
Burner Selection Procedure
For DFIA selections, use Tab l e 3 , p . 18, and select next size larger available burner. For DFOA
selections, use Table 12, p. 33.
Note: Table is based on an entering air temperature of -40°F.
Example: an 80°F temperature rise is desired for 18000 scfm.
The table shows a MBh input of 1788 MBh.
Select the 1925 MBh input burner (Digit 14, 15 = AH)
OR
Use the following formula:
MBh input =(0.6210 x scfm x TR)
(0.6210 X ) / (460 + TR + EAT)
where:
TR = Temperature Rise (Desired leaving air temperture – entering air temperature)
EAT = Temperature Rise (Desired leaving air temperture – entering air temperature)
Selection Procedure
(460 + 80 + 10)
Example: A desired leaving air temperature of 90°F is required for 18000 scfm.
The entering air temperature is 10°F.
For all arrangements shown, controls, gas piping and fan motor are on the near side. Selected
horizontal units are available with special options — cooling coils (DX, chilled water), steam and
electric coils, no burner section. Contact your Trane representative for availability and pricing.
Figure 2. Horizontal configurations
Fan Arrangement #1
Top Discharge (For outdoor only)
Fan Arrangement #2
Side Discharge
Vertical Configurations (DFOA only)
For all arrangements shown, the gas piping and controls are on the near side. Selected vertical units
are available with special options — steam and electric coils, no burner section.
Figure 3. Vertical configuration (DFOA only)
Fan Arrangement #3
Bottom Discharge
10 MUA-PRC007-EN
Vertical Configurations (DFIA only)
Fan Arrangement #9
Side Discharge
Fan Arrangement #6
Top Discharge
EC
EC
Fan Arrangement #8
Side Discharge
Fan Arrangement #5
Side Discharge
EC
EC
Fan Arrangement #7
Top Discharge
Fan Arrangement #4
Side Discharge
EC
EC
For all arrangements shown, the gas piping is on the near side. The electric control cabinet (EC) and
disconnect are on the side opposite the air entering side. Selected vertical units are available with
special options – steam and electric coils, no burner section. Contact your Trane representative for
availability.
Figure 4. Vertical configurations (DFIA only)
Unit Configuration
MUA-PRC007-EN11
DFIA
Model Number
Descriptions
Digit 1, 2, 3 — Unit Description
DFI = Direct fired indoor unit
Digit 4 — Development
Sequence
A =First Generation
Digit 5 — Unit Size
109120215225
112122218230
115125220
118130222
Digit 8 —Burner Section
0=No Burner Section
1=Burner Section
Digit 9 —Main Power Supply
A =115/60/1D =208/60/3
B =230/60/1E =230/60/3
C =208/60/1F= 460/60/3
Digit 10 — Design Sequence
H =Eighth Design
Digit 11 — Fuel
N= Natural Gas
P=LP (Propane) Gas
Digit 12 — Gas Control Option
E=Modulating Discharge Temp
Control (MDT)
F=Modulating Room Temp Control
(MRT)
G =Modulating Room Temp Control
& Pro Room Sensor (MRT Pro)
H =Modulating Room Temp Control
& BACview
Digit 13 — Gas Train Approvals
0=No Selection
1=Standard Gas Train
3=IRI Gas Train Approval (ETL)
4=FM Gas Train Approval (ETL)
5=IRI Gas Train Approval (No ETL)
6=FM Gas Train Approval (No ETL)
1=Horizontal Arrangement 1 Top
2=Horizontal Arrangement 2 Side
3=Horizontal Arrangement 3 Bottom
4=Vertical Arrangement 4 Side
5=Vertical Arrangement 5 Side
6=Vertical Arrangement 6 Top
7=Vertical Arrangement 7 Top
8=Vertical Arrangement 8 Side
9=Vertical Arrangement 9 Side
Digit 20 — V-Bank Filter Section
0=No V-Bank Filter Section
A =V-Bank Section with Permanent
Filters
B =V-Bank Section without
Permanent Filters
C =V-Bank Section with TA Filters
D =V-Bank Section with Pleated
Filters
Digit 21 — Dampers/Mixing Box
0=No Damper/Mixing Box Selected
(No ETL)
A =Motorized Return Air Damper
(No ETL)
B =Motorized Damper 75/25 (No ETL)
C =Mixing Box - Temperature Control
(No ETL)
D =Mixing Box - Building Press
Control (No ETL)
E=Mixing Box - Manual Control
(No ETL)
F=Mixing Box with Airflow
Station - Manual Control (ETL)
G =Mixing Box with Airflow
Station - Temp Control (ETL)
H =Mixing Box with Airflow
Station - Bldg. Press Control (ETL)
Digit 22, 23 — Controls Opposite
from Standard
** =Standard Controls
AA =Controls Opposite from Standard
Digit 24, 25 — Motorized Inlet
Damper
** =No Motorized Inlet Damper
AB =Motorized Inlet Damper
Digit 26, 27 —Insulation
AC = Insulation on Entire Unit
(Include Filter)
Digit 28, 29 —115V Duplex
Service Receptable with Trans.
AJ = 115V Duplex Service Receptacle
with Trans.
Digit 30, 31 — Painted Cabinet
AZ = Painted Cabinet
DIGIT 32, 33 — UV Flame Sensor
AL =Ultraviolet (UV) Flame Sensor
12 MUA-PRC007-EN
Digit 34, 35 —Clogged Filter
Indicator
AN =Clogged Filter Indicator
Digit 36, 37— Exhaust Interlock
AP =Exhaust Interlock
Digit 38, 39 — Interlocking Relay
AQ =Interlocking Relay
Digit 40, 41 — Omit Disconnect
Switch
DS = Disconect Switch
AT =Omit Disconnect Switch
Digit 42, 43 — High Gas Pressure
Regulator
CA =High Gas Press Reg 0.5–1 psi
AV =High Gas Press Reg –5 psi
AW =High Gas Press Reg 5–10 psi
BH =High Gas Press Reg Over 10 psi
Digit 44, 45 — Adjustable Drive
AX =Adjustable Drive
Digit 46, 47 — Low Gas Pressure
Burner
BJ =Low Gas Pressure Burner
Digit 48, 49 — Vibration Options
A5 =Vibration Feet
A6 = Vibration Hangers
Digit 50, 51 — Control Options
BD =7-Day Time Clock
BG = On/off Night Setback Thermostat
BF =BACview
®
Remote Panel
Digit 52, 53 — Discharge Louver
AY =Discharge Louver
0=None
DFIA
MUA-PRC007-EN13
DFIA
Discharge fan section
Gas burner section
V-bank Filter with hinged access door
Gas manifold and control cabinet
Features and Benefits
Figure 5. DFIA features and benefits
14 MUA-PRC007-EN
Feature: Basic unit is factory assembled and wired.
Benefit: Reduces field installation cost.
Feature: Factory tested.
Benefit: Eliminates majority of field start-up problem caused by defective controls.
Feature: Adjustable motor mount.
Benefit: Belt tension can be field adjusted for maximum belt life.
Feature: All fuses factory furnished.
Benefit: Delay at start-up eliminated.
Feature: Return air cycle capability.
Benefit: Return air cycle results in fuel economy for pressurized heating systems and eliminates
need for two-speed fan operation. Minimizes heating cost.
Feature: No flues or stacks are used.
Benefit: Eliminates backdraft and dangerous contaminants from entering the space.
Reliable Operation
The standard unit includes all of the controls needed for trouble-free operation.
If the designer does not utilize a master panel for consolidating mechanical equipment, an optional
remote control station should be ordered.
This device includes switches and signal lights for operating the make-up air unit and monitoring
its performance from any convenient location.
While rare, malfunctions can occur because a belt breaks, local power is interrupted or a
component fails. If this should happen, the unit’s control system is designed to take over. Its
overlapping fail-safe protective devices will turn on an alarm light and prevent burner operation
until the problem has been corrected.
Because of this attention to detail, combustion will be clean and odorless under the most adverse
conditions. The incoming “make-up air” will be at least five times purer than the requirements set
down by the U.S. Bureau of Standards.
Equipment Approval Options
Owners and specifiers have three very important reasons for wanting equipment approvals. One
reason is to establish a manufacturer’s reliability.
A second looks for conformance with equipment standards if any have been established for the
particular product. And finally, there may be requirements set down by an industrial user’s
insurance carrier.
Trane has gone to great lengths to satisfy these needs. In the first case, reliability is established for
our standard unit through conservative design and the use of U.L. listed components.
For industrial applications, the unit can also be furnished with special gas controls to comply with
FM or IRI. The latter is available for applications where the exact insurance approval agency has
not been established.
DFIA
Special Construction Features
•External bearings for easy service and lubrication.
•External motor for ease of service and belt maintenance.
•Hollow fan shaft on double blower models eliminate the need for a center bearing which is
difficult to service.
•Enlarged filter sections increasing filter life and reducing service time.
•Hinged filter access door.
•Service platform available as an option for easy maintenance on suspended units.
MUA-PRC007-EN15
DFIA
Performance Data
Table 1. Direct-Fired Indoor Air (DFIA) unit—General data
Unit Size109112115118120122125130215218220222225230
Airflow