Toshiba T6963C User Manual
ApplicationNote
InterfacingtoaGraphicsModulewithaToshiba
T6963CController
Introduction:
TheToshibaT6963CLCDcontrollerisoneofthemostpopularcontrollersforuseinsmallgraphics
displays.ForthisreasonitisusedinanumberofLCDmodulesfrom128x128to 240x128 pixels.
Thisclassofmoduleismostcommonlyusedtodisplayamixtureoftextand graphics in samall
devicesandinstruments.Itisusuallyinterfaceddirectlywithanembedded8-bit microprocessor.
Thisapplicationnotedescribestheuseofthiscontrollerwithanumberof graphics modules.
Theexampleusedhereisbasedonan8-bitIntelI8051microcontroller but applies to almost any
micro-controller.
FunctionalDescription:
TheT6963Cusesasimple8-bitdatabustotransferallinstructionsanddatatoandfromthe
display.Afterpowerisappliedahardwareresetisissued.Thecontrollermustthenbeinitialized
withaseriesofcommandstosetupthevariousmodesandoptionsavailabletotheuser.Once
initializedthedisplayisreadytoacceptthedatatobedisplayed.Thisdatacanbeintheformof
bit-mappedgraphicaldataortextdatainpseudoASCIIformat.Theinternalcharactergeneratoris
biasedat-20h.whichmeanstheusermustsubtract20hfromtheASCIIcodebeforesendingitto
thedisplay.
Inthebit-mappedmodeeachbyteofdatarepresents8pixelsonthedisplay.SeeFigure#1.Text
datacanbewritteninpseudoASCIIformatandwillbedisplayedasa5x7dotcharacter.The
graphicalandtextdataarewrittentoseparate,userassigned,areas,orpages,inthedisplayRAM
withinthedisplaymodule.Theusercanthenchooseoneofthreewaystomixthetextand
graphicspagesonthedisplayorthetextorgraphicspagecanbedisplayedalone.
D0
ST
1BYTE
D1
D3 D4 D5
D2
TH
17BYTE
Figure#1Memorymapofa128x128display
D7 D0 D1
D6
ND
2BYTE
Schematic:
The80C51microprocessorisconnectedtotheLCDcontrollerchipviaparallelI/Oportsinthis
example.Itcouldalsobeconnectedtotheprocessor'sdatabusandbemappedintothe
processor'sdatamemoryarea.Seefigure2.
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ApplicationNote
1N4148
33pF
16.00mHz
33pF
+5v
+
10k
1uF
X1
X2
RST
80C51
P1.0
P1.1
P1.2
P1.3
P1.4
P1.5
P1.6
P1.7
P3.0
P3.1
P3.2
P3.3
240x64LCDDISPLAY
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
WR
RD
CE
CD
RESET
+5v
V
FS
V
FG
DD
V
L
SS
-15V
Figure2Schematicdiagram
20K
Software:
Thesampleprogramhereiswrittenin8051assemblylanguageandisdesignedtoworkwiththe
hardwareshowninFigure2.Itisbasedona240x64displaybutisapplicabletoanyLCD with the
T6963Ccontroller.
Theprogramfirstresetsthedisplay.Thisresetmustlastaminimumof2µS.Itthensendsaseriesof
commandbytesandparameterstotheLCDcontrollertoinitializeit.TheT6963Crequiresthatthe
parameters,ifany,aresentinthedatamodeandmustprecedethecommandbyte,whichissentin
thecommandmode.
Thecontrollerisinitializedwiththegraphicspageat0000-077fh.Thisis1920byteswhichwill
accommodateafullscreenofdata.Notextisdisplayedinthisexamplebutthecontrolleris
initializedfortextoperationtoillustratetheprocess.Thetextpagestartsimmediatelyfollowingthe
graphicspageatlocation0780h.
TheFS(FontSelect)lineissettoazerointhisexamplewhichwillplacethe5x7pixelcharacterina
8x8pixelfield.Thiswillproduce30charactersperlinewith8linesperdisplay().Thetotal
numberofcharacters possibleinthismodeis240.
AoneontheFSlinewillproducean6x8pixel
240
8
=30
fieldforeachcharacter.
Afterinitializationthecontrollerissetintheautowritemodeandthedisplayisfilledwithabit-
mappedgraphic.
Thecodeexampleisnotwrittentobeefficientbuttobeassimpleaspossible.
tofollow
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