Toshiba 560S User Manual

RAID Controller

Kit-G

Hardware/Software

Guide

Preface

The RAID Controller Kit-G PCI RAID Controller supports all single ended and low­voltage differential (LVD) SCSI devices on a Ultra320 and Wide SCSI channel with
data transfer rates up to 320 MB/s (megabytes per second). This manual describes
RAID Controller Kit-G.

Limited Warranty

The buyer agrees if this product proves to be defective, that Toshiba is obligated only to
repair or replace this product at Toshiba’s discretion according to the terms and
conditions of the warranty registration card that accompanies this product. Toshiba
shall not be liable in tort or contract for any loss or damage, direct, incidental or
consequential resulting from the use of this product. Please see the Warranty
Registration Card shipped with this product for full warranty details.

Limitations of Liability

Toshiba shall in no event be held liable for any loss, expenses, or damages of any kind
whatsoever, whether direct, indirect, incidental, or consequential (wh ether arising f rom
the design or use of this product or the support m aterials provi ded with the produ ct.) No
action or proceeding against Toshiba may be commenced more than tw o years after the
delivery of product to Licensee of Licensed Software.

iii

Licensee agrees to defend and indemnify Toshiba from any and all claims, suits, and
liabilities (including attorney’s fees) arising out of or resulting from any actual or
alleged act or omission on the part of Licensee, its authorized third parties, employees,
or agents, in connection with the distribution of Licensed Software to end-users,
including, without limitation, claims, suits, and liability for bodily or other injuries to
end-users resulting from use of Licensee’s product not caused solely by faults in
Licensed Software as provided by Toshiba to Licensee.

Package Contents

You should have received:

• A RAID Controller Kit-G PCI RAID controller

• A CD with drivers, utilities and documentation

• The RAID Controller Kit-G Hardware Guide (on CD)

• The MegaRAI D Configuration Softwar e Guide (on CD)

• The MegaRAID Operating System Driver Installation Guide (on CD)

• Software license agreement (on CD)

• A warranty registration card

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Technical Support

If you need hel p installing, confi guring, or runnin g the RAID Controlle r Kit-G PCI
RAID Controller, call your Tosh iba OEM Technical Su pport representative. Bef ore you
call, please complete the MegaRAID Problem Report form on the next page.

Web Site

We invite you to access the Toshiba world wide web s ite at http://www.Toshiba.com or
the MegaRAID support page at http://megaraid.Toshiba.com.

MegaRAID Problem Report Form

Complete this form before you call your Toshiba OEM Customer Service
Representative.

Table 1 MegaRAID Problem Report Form

Customer Information MegaRAID Information

Name Today’s Date
Company Date of Purchase
Address Invoice Number
City/State Serial Number
Country
Email address Cache Memory
Phone Firmware Version
Fax BIOS Version

System Information

Motherboard: BIOS manufacturer:
Operating System: BIOS Date:
Op. Sys. Ver.: Video Adapter:
MegaRAID
Driver Ver.:
Network Card: System Memory:
Other disk controllers
Installed:

CPU Type/Speed:

Other adapter cards
Installed:

Table 1 MegaRAID Problem Report Form (Continued)

System Information

Description of problem:

Steps necessary to re-create problem:

1.

2.

3.

4.

Logical Drive Configuration

Use this form to record the configuration details for your logical drives.

v

Logical
Drive

LD0
LD1
LD2
LD3
LD4
LD5
LD6
LD7
LD8
LD9
LD10
LD11

RAID
Level

Table 2 Logical Drive Configuration

Stripe
Size

Logical
Drive
Size

Cache
Policy

Read
Policy

Write
Policy

# of
Physical
Drives

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Table 2 Logical Drive Configuratio n ( C ontinued)

Logical
Drive

LD12
LD13
LD14
LD15
LD16
LD17
LD18
LD19
LD20
LD21
LD22
LD23
LD24
LD25

RAID
Level

Stripe
Size

Logical
Drive
Size

Cache
Policy

Read
Policy

Write
Policy

# of
Physical
Drives

LD26
LD27
LD28
LD29
LD30
LD31
LD32
LD33
LD34
LD35
LD36
LD37
LD38
LD39

Physical Device Layout

Use this form to record the physical device layout.

Target ID
Device Type
Logical Drive Number/ Drive Number
Manufacturer/Model Number
Firmware level
Target ID
Device Type
Logical Drive Number/ Drive Number
Manufacturer/Model Number

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Table 3 Physical Drive Layout

Channel 1

Firmware level
Target ID
Device Type
Logical Drive Number/ Drive Number
Manufacturer/Model Number
Firmware level
Target ID
Device Type
Logical Drive Number/ Drive Number
Manufacturer/Model Number
Firmware level
Target ID
Device Type
Logical Drive Number/ Drive Number
Manufacturer/Model Number
Firmware level

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Table 3 Physical Drive Layout (Continued)

Channel 1

Target ID
Device Type
Logical Drive Number/ Drive Number
Manufacturer/Model Number
Firmware level
Target ID
Device Type
Logical Drive Number/ Drive Number
Manufacturer/Model Number
Firmware level
Target ID
Device Type
Logical Drive Number/ Drive Number
Manufacturer/Model Number
Firmware level
Target ID
Device Type
Logical Drive Number/ Drive Number
Manufacturer/Model Number
Firmware level
Target ID
Device Type
Logical Drive Number/ Drive Number
Manufacturer/Model Number
Firmware level
Target ID
Device Type
Logical Drive Number/ Drive Number
Manufacturer/Model Number
Firmware level

Table 3 Physical Drive Layout (Continued)

Target ID
Device Type
Logical Drive Number/ Drive Number
Manufacturer/Model Number
Firmware level
Target ID
Device Type
Logical Drive Number/ Drive Number
Manufacturer/Model Number
Firmware level
Target ID
Device Type

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Channel 1

Logical Drive Number/ Drive Number
Manufacturer/Model Number
Firmware level
Target ID
Device Type
Logical Drive Number/ Drive Number
Manufacturer/Model Number
Firmware level

x

Disclaimer

This manual describes the operation of the Toshiba RAID Controller Kit-G Disk Array
Controller. Although efforts have been made to assure the accuracy of the information
contained here, Toshiba expressly disclaims liability for any error in this information,
and for damages, whether direct, indirect, special, exemplary, consequential or
otherwise, that may result from such error, including but not limited to the loss of profits
resulting from the use or misuse of the manual or information contained therein (even if
Toshiba has been advised of the possibility of such damages). Any questions or
comments regarding this document or its contents should be addressed to Toshiba at the
address shown on the cover.

Toshiba provides this publication “as is” without warranty of any kind, either expressed
or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability or
fitness for a specific purpose.

Some states do not allow disclaimer of express or implied warranties or the limitation or
exclusion of liability for indirect, special, exemplary, incidental or consequential
damages in certain transactions; therefore, this statement may not apply to you. Also,
you may have other rights which vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction.

This publication could include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Changes
are periodically made to the information herein; these changes will be incorporated in
new editions of the publication. Toshiba may make improvements and/or revisions in
the product(s) and/or the program(s) described in this publication at any time.

Requests for technical information about Toshiba products should be made to your
Toshiba authorized reseller or marketing representative.

Copyright

xi

© Copyright 2002 Toshiba Corporation
All rights reserved.
Toshiba Corporation
6145-D Northbelt Parkway
Norcross, GA 30071
This publication contains proprietary information which is protected by copyright. No

part of this publication can be reproduced, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system,
translated into any language or computer language, or transmitted in any form
whatsoever without the prior written consent of the publisher, T oshiba Corporation.
Toshiba acknowledges the following trademarks.

Intel is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation.
Sytos 300 is a registered trademark of Sytron Corporation.
MS-DOS, and Microsoft are registered tradem arks of Microsoft Corporation , Win dows

95, Microsoft Windows are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
SCO, UnixWare, and Unix are registered trademarks of the Santa Cruz Operation. Inc.
IBM, AT, VGA, PS/2, and OS/2 are registered trademarks and XT and CGA are

trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation.
NEC is a registered trademark of Nippon Electric Corporation.
Sony is a registered trademark of Sony Corporation.
Toshiba is a registered trademark of Toshiba America Corporation.
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SyQuest is a trademark of SyQuest Corporation.
ASPI is a registered trademark of Adaptec, Inc.
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Siemens is a registered trademark of Siemens Corporation.
AMP is a trademark of AMP Corporation.

Revision History
8/16/02 Initial release.

xii

Toshiba Confidential

This document contains proprietary information of Toshiba Corporation. The
information contained herein is not to be used by or disclosed to third parties without
the express written permission of an officer of Toshiba Corporation.

Document DB15-000255-00, First Edition (August 2002)
This document describes the configuration software for Toshiba Corporation's

MegaRAID controllers and will remain the official reference source for all
revisions/releases of these products until rescinded by an update.

Toshiba Corporation reserves the right to make changes to any products herein at any
time without notice. Toshiba does not assume any responsibilit y or liability arising o ut
of the application or use of any product described herein, except as expressly agreed to
in writing by Toshiba; nor does th e purch ase or us e of a produ ct f rom Toshiba con vey a
license under any patent rights, copyrights, trademark rights, or any other of the
intellectual property rights of Toshiba or third parties.

Copyright © 1998-2002 by Toshiba Corporation. All rights reserved.
TRADEMARK ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The Toshiba logo design and MegaRAID are trademarks of Toshiba Corporation.

Novell is registered trademarks of Novell Corporation. Microsoft and Windows are
registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. All other brand and product names
may be trademarks of their respective companies.

CD
To download the latest drivers and documentation, and receive product literature, visit

us at http://www.Toshiba.com.
For a current list of our dis tribut ors, sal es off ices, and desi gn resou rce cente rs, view our

web page located at

http://www.Toshiba.com/contacts/na_salesoffices.htmlPre.

FCC Regulatory Statement

This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the
following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2)
this device must accept any interference received, in cluding interference that may cause
undesired operation.

WARNING: Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by
the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate
the equipment.

NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for
a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are
designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a
residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate rad io
frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the
instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a specific
installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or
television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off
and on, try to correct the interference by one or more of the following
measures:

xiii

1. Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

2. Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.

3. Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to
which the receiver is connected.

4. Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

Shielded interface cables must be used with this product to ensure compliance
with the Class B FCC limits.

Toshiba RAID Controller Kit-G PCI RAID Controller
Model Number: Series 520
FCC ID Number:

DISCLAIMER

TOSHIBA certifies only that this product will work correctly when this product is
used with the same jumper settings, the same system confi guration, the same
memory module parts, and the same peripherals that were tested by TOSHIBA
with this product. The complete list of tested jumper settings, system
configurations, peripheral devices, and memory modules are documented in the
TOSHIBA Compatibility Report for this prod uct. Call your TOSHIBA sales
representative for a copy of the Compatibility Report for this product.

xiv

Table of Contents

Preface iii
Symbols Used in This Guide xvii

Chapter 1 Overview 3

Overview 3

Chapter 2 Introduction to RAID 9

RAID Controller Kit-G – Host-Based RAID Solution 10
RAID Overview 11

Chapter 3 RAID Levels 23

RAID Levels 23

Chapter 4 Features 33

Operating System Software Drivers 36

Chapter 5 Configuring RAID Controller Kit-G 45

Configuring SCSI Physical Drives 45
Configuri ng Lo gi ca l Dri ve s 54

Chapter 6 Hardware Installation 59

Installation Steps 60

Chapter 7 Troubleshooting 79

Troubleshooting 79

Chapter 8 Introduction 89

In this Manual 90

Chapter 9 MegaRAID BIOS Configuration Utility 95

In this Chapter 95
Starting the MegaRAID BIOS Configura tion Utility 95
Configuri ng Arrays and Logical Drives 105
Initializing Logical Drives 115
Rebuilding Failed Disk Drives 117
Using a Pre-loaded SCSI Drive "As-is" 118
Exiting MegaRAID Configuration Utility 119
MegaRAID Configuration On Disk 119

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Chapter 10

Features 123
Starting the WebBIOS Utility on the Host Computer 124
WebBIOS Toolbar Icons 126
Adapter Properties 127
Scan Devices 129
SCSI Channel Properties 129
Logical Drives 130
Physical View/Logical View 138
Configuration Mismatch 139

WebBIOS Configuration Utility 123

Chapter 11 Installing Power Console Plus 143

Features 143
Installing on a and Workstation 145
Installing a Toshiba SNMP Agent 149
MegaRAID Service Monitor 150
De-registering and Re-registering under Power Console Plus 151

Chapter 12 Running Power Console Plus 155

Starting Power Console Plus 155
Power Console Plus Screen Layout 156
Power Console Plus Toolbox Icons 157
Power Console Plus Menus 161
Configuration Menu 161

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Adapter Menu 164
Physical Drive Menu 167
Logical Drive Menu 169
Progress Menu 172
Securing Power Console Plus under Windows 2000 173

Chapter 13 Configuring Arrays and Logical Drives

with Power Console Plus 177

Step 1 Start Power Console Plus 177
Step 2 Choose an Adapter 179
Step 3 Run the Wizard 179
Step 4 Save Configuration and Initialize 184
Assigning Hot Spares 185

Chapter 14 Virtual Sizing and Online Capacity

Expansion 189

Location and Enabling 189
Theory of Operation 189
MegaRAID Drive Characteristics 190
Deleting Logical Drives 190
Adding Capacity to an Array 190

Appendix A SCSI Cables and Connectors 195

SCSI Cables and Connectors 195

Appendix B Audible Warnings 207

Audible Warnings 207

Appendix C MegaRAID Service Monitor 211

Power Console Plus Internal Messages 211
MegaRAID Service Monitor 212
Event Types 212

Symbols Used in This Guide

Notational Conventions

Icons

The following icons are used in this guide to highlight helpful or educational
information:

Label Meaning

xvii

DANGER

CAUTION

NOTE

*1: Bodily harm means a personal injury, burn, or electric shock, which is treated

without staying in or regularly going to hospital.

*2: Physical damage means actual damage to the building, furnishings or animals.

Indicates an imminent danger of causing death or severe
injury unless the instruction is observed.

(*1)

Indicates a risk of causing bodily harm
damage

Highlights the instructions you should observe to
prevent data loss, faults, or performance degradation
and technical information you should know about
specifications or functions.

(*2)

unless the instruction is observed.

or physical

xviii

Chapter 1

Overview ...............................................................................3

Overview

The RAID Controller Kit-G is a high-performance, intelligent PCI-to-SCSI host
adapter with RAID control capabilities. The RAID Controller Kit-G provides reliability,
high performance, and fault-tol erant disk subsystem management.

The RAID Controller Kit-G is part of the Toshiba Intel GC80302-based MegaRAID
controller family. The RAID Controller Kit-G is an entry level- to mid-range RAID
controller solution. RAID Controller Kit-G offers a cost-effective way to implement
RAID in a server.

The RAID Controller Kit-G has a Ultra320 and Wide SCSI channel supporting data
transfer rates up to 320 megabytes per second (MB/s) per channel. The SCSI channel
supports up to fifteen non-Ultra SCSI devices. The RAID Controller Kit-G includes
MegaRAID features and performance.

Features

RAID Controller Kit-G features include:

• A high-performance input/output (I/O) migration path while preserving existing

PCI-SCSI software

• SCSI data transfers up to 320 MB/s

• Synchronous operation on a wide low-voltage differential (LVD) SCSI bus

• Support for up to 15 LVD SCSI devices on the wide bus

• An Intel® GC30302 chip that performs RAID calculations and routing

• Support for 32 or 64 MB of SDRAM on-board cache memory used for read and

write-back caching, and RAID 5 parity generation.

Overview

Overview

3

SCSI Channel

The RAID Controller Kit-G upgrade card includes one Ultra3 SCSI channel. The
channel is powered by a Toshiba Corporation 53C1020 Ultra320 SCSI processor.

NVRAM and Flash ROM

A 32 KB x 8 NVRAM stores RAID system configuration information. The RAID
Controller Kit-G firmware is stored in flash ROM for easy upgrade.

4

Overview

Overview

SCSI Connectors

RAID Controller Kit-G has one very high-density 68-pin external connector for
external storage subsystem, and one high-density 68-pin internal connector.

Single Ended and Differential SCSI Buses

The SCSI standard defines two electrical buses:

• A single-ended bus

• Low-voltage differential bus

Maximum Cable Length for SCSI Standards

Table 1.1 contains the maximum cable length that you can use depending on the SCSI
speeds, and type of device.

Table 1.1 Maximum Cable Length for SCSI Standards

Standard Single ended Low-voltage

Differential

Ultra SCSI 1.5 m 12 m 7
Ultra SCSI 3 m 12 m 3
Wide Ultra SCSI 12 m 15
Wide Ultra SCSI 1.5 m 12 m 7
Wide Ultra SCSI 3 m 12 m 3
Ultra 2 SCSI 25 m 1
Ultra 2 SCSI 12 m 7
Wide Ultra 2 SCSI 25 m 1
Wide Ultra 2 SCSI 12 m 15
Ultra160 SCSI 25m 1
Ultra160 SCSI 12m 7
Wide Ultra160

SCSI
Wide Ultra160

SCSI
Ultra320 12m 15

25m 1

12m 15

Maximum Number of
Drives

Ultra320 20m 1

SCSI Bus Widths and Maximum Throughput

Table 1.2 contains the SCSI bus widths, and maximum throughput, based on the SCSI
speeds.

Table 1.2 SCSI Bus Widths and Maximum Throughput

SCSI Standard SCSI Bus Width SCSI Throughput

Fast Wide SCSI 16 bits 20 MB/s
Wide Ultra SCSI 16 bits 40 MB/s
Wide Ultra 2 SCSI 16 bits 80 MB/s
Wide Ultra 160 SCSI 16 bits 160 MB/s
Ultra 320 SCSI 16 bits 320 MB/s

Documentation

The RAID Controller Kit-G documentation set includes:

• The RAID Controller Kit-G Hardware Guide

• The MegaRAI D Configuration Softwar e Guide

• The MegaRAID Operating System Driver Installation Guide

Overview

Overview

5

RAID Controller Kit-G Hardware Guide

The hardware guide for this board contains the RAID overview, RAID planning, and
RAID system configuration information you will need first. Read the RAID Controller
Kit-G Hardware Guide first.

MegaRAID Configuration Software Guide

This manual describes the software configuration utilities that you can use to configure
and modify RAID systems.

MegaRAID Operating System Driver Installation Guide

This manual provides detailed information about ins talling the RAI D Controller Kit -G
operating system drivers.

6

Overview

Overview

Chapter 2

Introduction to RAID .............................................................9

RAID Controller Kit-G – Host-Based RAID Solution...............................10

RAID Overview ..........................................................................................11

Introduction to RAID

Introduction to RAID

Introduction to RAID

RAID is an array of multiple independent hard disk drives that provide high
performance and fault tolerance. A RAID disk subsystem improves I/O performance
over a computer using only a single drive. The RAID array appears to the host computer
as a single storage unit or as multiple logical units. I/O is expedited because several
disks can be accessed simultaneously. RAID systems improve data storage reliability
and fault tolerance compared to single-drive computers. Data loss because of a disk
drive failure can be recovered by reconstructing missing data from the remaining data
and parity drives.

RAID Benefits

RAID has gained popularity becaus e it improves I/O perf ormance and increases storage
subsystem reliability. RAID provides data security through fault tolerance and
redundant da ta stora ge. The RAID Co ntroller Kit-G manageme nt soft ware configur es
and monitors RAID disk arrays.

Improved I/O

9

Although disk drive capabilities have improved drastically, actual performance has
been improved only three to four times in the last decade. Computing performance has
been improved over 50 times during the same time period.

Increased Reliability

The electro-mechanical components of a disk subsystem operate more slowly, require
more power, and generate more noise and vibration than electronic devices. These
factors reduce the reliability of data stored on disks.

In This Chapte r

Table 2.1 lists the topics discussed in this chapter.

Major Topic Subtopic Turn to

Host-based solution page 10
RAID overview page 11

Table 2.1 Topics in this Chapter

Physical array page 11
Logical drive p age 11
Fault tolerance page 12
Consistency check page 11

10

RAID Controller Kit-G – Host-Based RAID Solution

Introduction to RAID

Table 2.1 Topics in this Chapter (Cont inued)

Major Topic Subtopic Turn to

Disk striping page 13
Disk mirroring page 14
Disk spanning page 15
Parity page 16
Hot spares page 16
Hot swap page 16
Disk rebuilds page 17
Logical drive states page 18
SCSI drive states page 18
Disk array types page 19
Enclosure mana ge me nt page 19

RAID Controller Kit-G – Host-Based RAID

Solution

RAID products are either:

• Host-based, or

• External

The RAID Controller Kit-G controller is a h ost - based RAID solution. RAID Controller
Kit-G is a PCI adapter card that is installed in any available PCI expansion slot in a host
system.

Host-Based

A host-based RAID product puts all of the RAID intelligence on an adapter card that is
installed in a network server. A host-based RAID product provides the best
performance. RAID Controller Kit-G is part of the file server, so it can transmit data
directly across the computer’s buses at data transfer speeds up to 532 MB/s.

The available sequential data transfer rate is determined by the following factors:

• The sustained data transfer rate on the motherboard PCI bus

• The sustained data transfer rate on the GC80302 PCI-to-PCI bridge

• The sustained data transfer rate of the SCSI controller

• The sustained data transfer rate of the SCSI devices

• The number of SCSI channels

• The number of SCSI disk drives

Host-based solutions must provide operating system-specific drivers.

SCSI-to-SCSI External

A SCSI-to-SCSI External RAID product puts the RAID intelligence inside the RAID
chassis and uses a plain SCSI Host Adapter installed in the network server. The data
transfer rate is limited to the bandwidth of the SCSI channel. A SCSI-to-SCSI R AID
product that has two wide SCSI channels operating at speeds up to 320 MB/s must
squeeze the data into a single w ide SCSI (320 MB/s) ch annel back to th e host computer.

In SCSI-to-SCSI RAID produ ct s, th e hard drive subsystem uses on ly a s ing le S CSI ID,
which allows you to connect multiple drive subsystems to a single SCSI controller.

RAID Overview

RAID is a collection of specifications that describe a system for ensuring the reliability
and stability of data stored on large disk subsystems. A RAID system can be
implemented in a number of different versions (or RAID Levels). RAID Controller
Kit-G supports standard RAID levels 0, 1 and 5, and RAID levels 10 and 50, special
RAID versions supported by RAID Controller Kit-G.

Physical Array

RAID Overview

Introduction to RAID

11

A RAID array is a collection of physical disk drives governed by the RAID
management software. A RAID array appears to the host computer as one or more
logical drives.

Logical Drive

A logical drive is a partition in a physical array of disks that is made up o f contiguous
data segments on the physical disks . A logical drive can consist of any of the following:

• An entire physical array

• More than one entire physical array

• A part of an array

• Parts of more than one array

• A combination of any two of the above conditions

Consistency Check

In RAID, check consistency verifies the correctness of redundant data in an array. For
example, in a system with dedicated pa rity , ch ecki ng consis tency means computing the
parity of the data drives and com paring the results to the contents of the dedicated parity
drive.

12

RAID Overview

Introduction to RAID

Fault Tolerance

Fault tolerance is achieved t hrough co oling fan s, po wer supplies, and the abilit y to hot
swap drives. RAID Controller Kit-G provides hot swapping through the hot spare
feature. A hot spare drive is an unused online available drive that RAID Controller
Kit-G instantly plugs into the system when an active drive fails.

After the hot spare is automatically moved into the RAID subsystem, the failed drive is
automatically rebuilt. The RAID disk array continues to handle request while the
rebuild occurs.