
FormNo.3422-267RevA
TRX-16,TRX-20,andTRX-26
Trencher
ModelNo.22972—SerialNo.402461470andUp
ModelNo.22972G—SerialNo.402000000andUp
ModelNo.22973—SerialNo.402501800andUp
ModelNo.22973G—SerialNo.402000000andUp
ModelNo.22974—SerialNo.402000000andUp
Registeratwww.T oro.com.
OriginalInstructions(EN)
*3422-267*A

ThisproductcomplieswithallrelevantEuropean
directives;fordetails,pleaseseetheseparateproduct
specicDeclarationofConformity(DOC)sheet.
WARNING
CALIFORNIA
Proposition65Warning
Thisproductcontainsachemical
orchemicalsknowntotheStateof
Californiatocausecancer,birthdefects,
orreproductiveharm.
Theengineexhaustfromthisproduct
containschemicalsknowntotheStateof
Californiatocausecancer,birthdefects,
orotherreproductiveharm.
DANGER
Theremaybeburiedutilitylinesinthework
area.Diggingintothemmaycauseashock
oranexplosion.
Introduction
Thismachineisdesignedtodigtrenchesinsoilto
burycablingandpipingforvariousapplications.Itis
notintendedtocutrock,wood,oranyothermaterial
otherthansoil.
Readthisinformationcarefullytolearnhowtooperate
andmaintainyourproductproperlyandtoavoid
injuryandproductdamage.Youareresponsiblefor
operatingtheproductproperlyandsafely .
YoumaycontactTorodirectlyatwww.Toro.com
forproductsafetyandoperationtrainingmaterials,
accessoryinformation,helpndingadealer,orto
registeryourproduct.
Wheneveryouneedservice,genuineToroparts,or
additionalinformation,contactanAuthorizedService
DealerorToroCustomerServiceandhavethemodel
andserialnumbersofyourproductready.Figure
1illustratesthelocationofthemodelandserial
numbersontheproduct.Writethenumbersinthe
spaceprovided.
Havethepropertyorworkareamarkedfor
buriedlinesanddonotdiginmarkedareas.
Contactyourlocalmarkingserviceorutility
companytohavethepropertymarked(for
example,intheUnitedStates,call811forthe
nationwidemarkingservice).
ItisaviolationofCaliforniaPublicResourceCode
Section4442or4443touseoroperatetheengineon
anyforest-covered,brush-covered,orgrass-covered
landunlesstheengineisequippedwithaspark
arrester,asdenedinSection4442,maintainedin
effectiveworkingorderortheengineisconstructed,
equipped,andmaintainedforthepreventionofre.
Theenclosedengineowner'smanualissupplied
forinformationregardingtheUSEnvironmental
ProtectionAgency(EPA)andtheCaliforniaEmission
ControlRegulationofemissionsystems,maintenance,
andwarranty.Replacementsmaybeorderedthrough
theenginemanufacturer.
Important:Withyourmobiledevice,youcan
scantheQRcodeontheserialnumberdecal
(ifequipped)orvisitwww.Toro.comtoaccess
warranty,parts,andotherproductinformation.
g007797
Figure1
1.Modelandserialnumberplate
ModelNo.
©2018—TheToro®Company
8111LyndaleAvenueSouth
Bloomington,MN55420
SerialNo.
Thismanualidentiespotentialhazardsandhas
safetymessagesidentiedbythesafety-alertsymbol
(Figure2),whichsignalsahazardthatmaycause
seriousinjuryordeathifyoudonotfollowthe
recommendedprecautions.
Contactusatwww.Toro.com.
2
PrintedintheUSA
AllRightsReserved

Figure2
1.Safety-alertsymbol
Thismanualuses2wordstohighlightinformation.
Importantcallsattentiontospecialmechanical
informationandNoteemphasizesgeneralinformation
worthyofspecialattention.
Contents
Safety.......................................................................4
SafeOperatingPractices....................................4
SafetyandInstructionalDecals..........................6
Setup.......................................................................11
1InstallingtheBoomandChain.........................11
2CheckingtheFluidLevels..............................12
3ChargingtheBattery(Electric-StartModels
Only).............................................................12
ProductOverview...................................................12
Controls...........................................................12
KeySwitch....................................................13
Specications..................................................15
Attachments/Accessories.................................15
Operation................................................................16
AddingFuel......................................................16
PerformingDailyMaintenance..........................17
StartingtheEngine...........................................17
DrivingtheMachine..........................................18
ShuttingofftheEngine......................................18
DiggingaTrench..............................................18
MovingaNon-FunctioningMachine..................19
SecuringtheMachineforTransport..................19
LiftingtheMachine...........................................19
OperatingTips.................................................20
Maintenance...........................................................21
RecommendedMaintenanceSchedule(s)...........21
Pre-MaintenanceProcedures..............................22
RemovingtheCoverPlate................................22
RemovingtheBottomShield............................23
Lubrication..........................................................23
GreasingtheMachine.......................................23
GreasingtheTrencherHousing........................24
EngineMaintenance...........................................25
ServicingtheAirCleaner..................................25
ServicingtheEngineOil....................................27
ServicingtheSparkPlug...................................29
FuelSystemMaintenance...................................30
DrainingtheFuelT ank......................................30
ReplacingtheFuelFilter...................................31
ElectricalSystemMaintenance...........................31
ServicingtheBattery.........................................31
ReplacingtheFuses(Models22973and
22974)...........................................................34
g000502
DriveSystemMaintenance..................................34
ServicingtheTracks.........................................34
BeltMaintenance................................................37
ReplacingthePump-DriveBelt.........................37
ControlsSystemMaintenance.............................37
AdjustingtheTraction-Control
Alignment......................................................37
HydraulicSystemMaintenance...........................39
HydraulicFluidSpecications...........................39
CheckingtheHydraulic-FluidLevel...................40
ReplacingtheHydraulicFilter...........................40
ChangingtheHydraulicFluid............................41
TrencherMaintenance.........................................42
ReplacingtheDiggingT eeth.............................42
CheckingandAdjustingtheDiggingChain
andBoom.....................................................42
ReplacingtheDriveSprocket...........................43
Cleaning..............................................................44
RemovingDebrisfromtheMachine..................44
Storage...................................................................44
Troubleshooting......................................................46
Schematics.............................................................48
3

Safety
Improperuseormaintenancebytheoperatoror
ownercanresultininjury.T oreducethepotential
forinjury,complywiththesesafetyinstructions
andalwayspayattentiontothesafety-alert
symbol(Figure2),whichmeansCaution,Warning,
orDanger—personalsafetyinstruction.Failureto
complywiththeinstructionmayresultinpersonal
injuryordeath.
SafeOperatingPractices
Thisproductiscapableofamputatinghandsandfeet.
Alwaysfollowallsafetyinstructionstoavoidserious
injuryordeath.
WARNING
Engineexhaustcontainscarbonmonoxide,
anodorlesspoisonthatisfatalifinhaled.
Donotruntheengineindoorsorinan
enclosedarea.
Training
•ReadtheOperator'sManualandothertraining
material.Iftheoperator(s)ormechanic(s)cannot
readEnglish,itistheowner'sresponsibilityto
explainthismaterialtothem.
•Becomefamiliarwiththesafeoperationofthe
equipment,operatorcontrols,andsafetysigns.
•Alloperatorsandmechanicsshouldbetrained.
Theownerisresponsiblefortrainingtheusers.
•Neverletchildrenoruntrainedpeopleoperateor
servicetheequipment.Localregulationsmay
restricttheageoftheoperator.
•Theowner/usercanpreventandisresponsible
foraccidentsorinjuriesoccurringtohimselfor
herself,otherpeopleorproperty.
Preparation
•Beforeusingthemachine,havetheareamarked
forundergroundutilitiesanddonotusethe
machineinmarkedareas.
•Evaluatetheterraintodeterminewhataccessories
andattachmentsyouneedtoproperlyand
safelyperformthejob.Useonlytheaccessories
andattachmentsthatareapprovedbythe
manufacturer.
•Wearappropriateclothingincludinggloves,eye
protection,longpants,substantialslip-resistant
footwear,andhearingprotection.Tiebacklong
hairanddonotwearlooseclothingorloose
jewelry.
•Inspecttheareawhereyouwillusetheequipment
andremoveallobjects,suchasrocks,toys,and
wire,thatthemachinecouldthrow.
•Checkthattheoperator'spresencecontrols,safety
switches,andshieldsareattachedandfunctioning
properly.Donotoperatethemachineunlessthey
arefunctioningproperly.
FuelSafety
•Useextracarewhenhandlingfuel.Itisammable
anditsvaporsareexplosive.
•Extinguishallcigarettes,cigars,pipes,andother
sourcesofignition.
•Useonlyanapprovedfuelcontainer.
•Donotremovethefuelcaporllthefueltank
whiletheengineisrunningorhot.
•Donotaddordrainfuelinanenclosedspace.
•Donotstorethemachineorfuelcontainerwhere
thereisanopename,spark,orpilotlight,such
asonawaterheaterorotherappliance.
•Ifyouspillfuel,donotattempttostarttheengine;
avoidcreatinganysourceofignitionuntilthefuel
vaporshavedissipated.
Operation
•Useyourfullattentionwhileoperatingthe
machine.Donotengageinanyactivitythat
causesdistractions;otherwise,injuryorproperty
damagemayoccur.
•Neverrunanengineinanenclosedarea.
•Operatethemachineonlyingoodlight,keeping
awayfromholesandhiddenhazards.
•Ensurethatallthedrivesareinneutralandthe
parkingbrakeisengaged(ifapplicable)before
startingtheengine.Starttheengineonlyfromthe
operator'sposition.
•Slowdownanduseextracareonhillsides.
Ensuretotravelintherecommendeddirectionon
hillsides.Turfconditionscanaffectthestabilityof
themachine.
•Slowdownandusecautionwhenmakingturns,
crossingroadsandsidewalks,andwhenchanging
directionsonslopes.
•Neveroperatethemachinewithouttheguards
securelyinplace.Ensurethatalltheinterlocksare
attached,adjusted,andfunctioningproperly .
•Donotchangetheengine-governorsettingor
overspeedtheengine.
•Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,lowerthe
hydrauliclift,disengagethehydraulics,engagethe
parkingbrake(ifapplicable),shutofftheengine,
4

andremovethekeybeforeleavingtheoperator's
positionforanyreason.
•Keepyourhandsandfeetawayfrommovingparts.
•Lookbehindanddownbeforebackingupto
ensurethatthepathisclear.
•Nevercarrypassengersandkeeppetsand
bystandersaway.
•Donotoperatethemachinewhenyouaretired,ill,
orundertheinuenceofalcoholordrugs.
•Usecarewhenloadingorunloadingthemachine
intoatrailerortruck.
•Usecarewhenapproachingblindcorners.
•Ensurethattheareaisclearofpeoplebefore
operatingthemachine.Stopthemachineif
anyoneentersthearea.
•Neverjerkthecontrols;useasteadymotion.
•Donottouchpartsthatmaybehotfromoperation.
Allowthemtocoolbeforeattemptingtomaintain,
adjust,orservicethemachine.
•Operatethemachineinareaswherethereare
noobstaclesincloseproximitytoyou.Failureto
maintainadequatedistancefromtrees,walls,and
otherbarriersmayresultininjuryasthemachine
backsupduringoperationifyouarenotattentive
tothesurroundings.Operatethemachineonlyin
areaswherethereissufcientclearanceforyou
tosafelymaneuver.
•Locatethepinchpointareasmarkedonthe
machineandkeepyourhandsandfeetawayfrom
theseareas.
•Lightningcancausesevereinjuryordeath.If
lightningisseenorthunderisheardinthearea,do
notoperatethemachine;seekshelter.
SlopeOperation
•Slopesareamajorfactorrelatedtoloss-of-control
andtip-overaccidents,whichcanresultinsevere
injuryordeath.Theoperatorisresponsiblefor
safeslopeoperation.operatingthemachineon
anysloperequiresextracaution.Beforeusingthe
machineonaslope,youmust:
–Reviewandunderstandtheslopeinstructions
inthemanualandonthemachine.
–Evaluatethesiteconditionsofthedayto
determineiftheslopeissafeformachine
operation.Alwaysusecommonsense
andgoodjudgmentwhenperformingthis
evaluation.Changesintheterrain,suchas
moisture,canquicklyaffecttheoperationof
themachineonaslope.
•Operateupanddownslopeswiththefrontof
themachineuphill.
•Identifyhazardsatthebaseoftheslope.Do
notoperatethemachineneardrop-offs,ditches,
embankments,waterorotherhazards.The
machinecouldsuddenlyrolloverifawheelortrack
goesovertheedgeortheedgecollapses.Keep
asafedistance(twicethewidthofthemachine)
betweenthemachineandanyhazard.
•Avoidstarting,stopping,orturningthemachineon
aslope.Avoidmakingsuddenchangesinspeed
ordirection;turnslowlyandgradually.
•Keepallmovementsonslopesslowandgradual.
Donotmakesuddenchangesinspeedor
direction.
•Donotoperatethemachineunderanyconditions
wheretraction,steering,orstabilityisinquestion.
Beawarethatoperatingthemachineonwetgrass,
acrossslopesordownhillmaycausethemachine
tolosetraction.Lossoftractiontothewheelsor
tracksmayresultinslidingandalossofbraking
andsteering.Themachinecanslideevenifthe
wheelsortracksarestopped.
•Identifyhazardsatthebaseoftheslope.Do
notoperatethemachineneardrop-offs,ditches,
embankments,waterorotherhazards.The
machinecouldsuddenlyrolloverifawheelortrack
goesovertheedgeortheedgecollapses.Keep
asafedistance(twicethewidthofthemachine)
betweenthemachineandanyhazard.
•Removeormarkobstaclessuchasditches,holes,
ruts,bumps,rocksorotherhiddenhazards.T all
grasscanhideobstacles.Uneventerraincould
overturnthemachine.
•Donotparkthemachineonahillsideorslope
withoutloweringthehydrauliclifttotheground.
MaintenanceandStorage
•Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,lowerthe
hydrauliclift,disengagethehydraulics,engagethe
parkingbrake(ifapplicable),shutofftheengine,
andremovethekey.Waitforallmovingpartsto
stopbeforeadjusting,cleaning,orrepairingthe
machine.
•Cleandebrisfromthehydrauliclift,drives,
mufers,andenginetohelppreventres.Wipe
upanyspilledoilorfuel.
•Allowtheenginetocoolbeforestoringanddonot
storethemachinenearames.
•Neverallowuntrainedpersonneltoservicethe
machine.
•Usejackstandstosupportthecomponentswhen
required.
•Carefullyreleasepressurefromcomponentswith
storedenergy.
•Keepyourhandsandfeetawayfromthemoving
parts.Ifpossible,donotmakeadjustmentswith
theenginerunning.
5

•Disconnectthebatteryorremovethespark-plug
wiresbeforemakinganyrepairs.Disconnect
thenegativeterminalrstandthepositivelast;
connectthepositiverstandthenegativelast.
•Chargethebatteryinanopen,well-ventilated
area,awayfromsparkandames.Unplugthe
chargerbeforeconnectingordisconnectingitfrom
thebattery.Wearprotectiveclothinganduse
insulatedtools.
•Batteryacidispoisonousandcancauseburns.
Avoidcontactwithskin,eyes,andclothing.Protect
yourface,eyes,andclothingwhenworkingwitha
battery.
•Batterygassescanexplode.Keepcigarettes,
sparks,andamesawayfromthebattery.
•Keepallpartsingoodworkingconditionandall
hardwaretightened.Replaceallwornordamaged
decals.
SafetyandInstructionalDecals
•Keepallnutsandboltstight.Keeptheequipment
ingoodcondition.
•Nevertamperwiththesafetydevices.
•Keepthemachinefreeofdebrisbuildup.Wipeup
anyspilledoilorfuel.Allowthemachinetocool
beforestoring.
•Shutofftheengine,removethekey ,andinspect
themachineifyoustrikeanobject.Makeany
necessaryrepairsbeforestarting.
•UseonlygenuineTororeplacementparts.
•Keepyourbodyandhandsawayfrompinhole
leaksornozzlesthatejecthigh-pressurehydraulic
uid.Usecardboardorpapertondhydraulic
leaks;neveruseyourhands.Hydraulicuid
escapingunderpressurecanpenetrateskinand
causeinjuryrequiringsurgerywithinafewhours
byaqualiedsurgeon;otherwise,gangrenemay
result.
Safetydecalsandinstructionsareeasilyvisibletotheoperatorandarelocatednearanyarea
ofpotentialdanger.Replaceanydecalthatisdamagedormissing.
BatterySymbols
Someorallofthesesymbolsareonyourbattery .
1.Explosionhazard
2.Nore,opename,or
smoking
3.Causticliquid/chemical
burnhazard
4.Weareyeprotection.9.Flusheyesimmediately
5.ReadtheOperator's
Manual.
6.Keepbystandersasafe
distancefromthebattery.
7.Weareyeprotection;
explosivegasescan
causeblindnessandother
injuries.
8.Batteryacidcancause
blindnessorsevereburns.
withwaterandgetmedical
helpfast.
10.Containslead;donot
discard
decal93-6686
93-6686
1.Hydraulicuid
decalbatterysymbols
2.ReadtheOperator'sManual.
decal93-7814
93-7814
1.Entanglementhazard,belt—stayawayfrommovingparts;
keepallguardsandshieldsinplace.
6

93-9084
1.Liftpoint/Tie-downpoint
100-4650
1.Crushinghazardofhand—keepbystandersasafedistance
awayfromthemachine.
2.Crushinghazardoffoot—keepbystandersasafedistance
awayfromthemachine.
decal93-9084
decal137-3873
137-3873
1.ReadtheOperator’sManual.
decal100-4650
1.Parkingbrake
decal107-8495
107-8495
decal137-3874
137-3874
1.ReadtheOperator’sManual.
decal133-5619
133-5619
7

115-4020
1.Turnright3.Reverse
2.Forward
4.Turnleft
99-9952
1.Cuttinghazard,chainandauger—stayawayfrommovingpartsandkeepbystandersawayfromthemachine.
2.Warning—shutofftheengineandremovethekeybeforepreformingandmaintenanceorrepairs.
3.Explosionand/orelectricshockhazard—donotdiginareaswithburiedgasorpowerlines.
decal115-4020
decal99-9952
8

115-1230
1.Warning—donotoperatethismachineunlessyouaretrained.
2.Engine—stop
3.Engine—run
4.Trencherchain—reverse
5.Trencherchain—forward
6.Trencherchain—off
7.Enginethrottle
8.Fast
9.Slow
10.Choke
11.On/Closed
12.Off/Open
13.ReadtheOperator'sManualbeforestartingtheengine;tostarttheengine,movethetrencher-controlleverintotheOFFposition,
placethetractioncontrolintheNEUTRALposition,movethethrottlelevertotheFASTposition,engagethechoke,turnthekeyto
theRUNposition,anddisengagetheparkingbrakeoncetheenginehasstarted.
14.ReadtheOperator'sManualbeforeoperatingthetrencher;tooperatethetrencher,lowertheboom,movethetrencher-control
levertothereferencebar,pullthetractioncontrolrearwardtomoveinreverseanddigthetrench.
decal115-1230
9

decal115-1231
115-1231
1.Cutting/dismembermenthazardofbystanders,
trencher—keepbystandersasafedistanceawayfromthe
machine;donotoperatethetrencherchainwhiletransporting
themachine.
2.Explosionhazard,fueling—shutofftheengineandextinguish
allameswhenfueling.
3.Tipping/crushinghazard—lowertheboomwhenoperating
onslopes.
4.Warning—stayawayfrommovingparts;waitforallmoving
partstostop
5.Warning—lowertheboom,engagetheparkingbrake,shutoff
theengine,andremovethekeybeforeleavingthemachine.
6.Explosionhazard;shockhazard—donotusemachinenear
buriedutilitylines;contacttheproperagenciesbeforedigging.
7.Boomelevation
8.Lowertheboom
9.Raisetheboom
10

Setup
LooseParts
Usethechartbelowtoverifythatallpartshavebeenshipped.
ProcedureDescription
Boom(soldseparately)
1
2
3
Chain(soldseparately)
Nopartsrequired
Nopartsrequired
1
InstallingtheBoomand
Chain
Partsneededforthisprocedure:
1
Boom(soldseparately)
1
Chain(soldseparately)
Procedure
Important:Thereareseveralboomandchainsize
congurationsavailable.RefertoyourAuthorized
ServiceDealertoobtaintheappropriateboomand
chaintomeetyourrequirements.
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurfaceandengage
theparkingbrake.
2.Shutofftheengineandremovethekey.
3.Removethebolt,2saddlewashers,andnut
securingthespoilsaugerandremovetheauger
(Figure3).
Note:Savethefastenersforfutureuse.
Qty.
1
1
–
–
1.Spoilsauger
2.Boom7.Jamnut
3.Bolts8.Armonthedrivehead
4.Doublewasher9.Drivesprocket
5.Nuts
4.Removethe2bolts,nuts,anddoublewashers
fromthesidesoftheboom(Figure3).
5.Loosentheadjustingboltandjamnut(Figure3).
6.Slidetheboomoverthearmonthedrivehead.
7.Installthe2bolts,nuts,anddoublewashers
removedinstep4throughtheboomandarm,
butdonottightenthem.
Installtheboomandchain.
Checktheuidlevels.
Chargethebattery(electric-startmodels
only).
Figure3
Use
6.Adjustingbolt
g011470
8.Ifthechainisnotconnected,connectthelinks
bypressingorhammeringtheclevispinsupplied
withthechainthroughthelinks.
Important:Toavoidbendingthechainlinks,
placeblocksunderandbetweenthelinks
whenhammeringtheclevispinthrough.
9.Securetheclevispinwiththecotterpinsupplied
withthechain.
11

10.Loopthediggingchainovertheaugerdriveshaft
andontothedrivesprocket,ensuringthatthe
diggingteethpointforwardontheupperspan.
11.Settheupperspanofthechainintoplaceon
thetrencherboom,thenwrapthechainaround
therollerattheendoftheboom.
12.Threadtheadjustmentboltintotheboomand
turnitinuntilthereis3.8to6.3cm(1-1/2to2-1/2
inches)ofslackinthechainonthebottomspan.
13.Threadthejamnutdowntheadjustingboltand
tightenitsecurelyagainsttheboom.
ProductOverview
14.T orquethe2boltsandnutssecuringtheboom
to183to223N·m(135to165ft-lb).
15.Installthespoilsaugerusingthebolt,2saddle
washer,andnutthatyouremovedpreviously.
16.T orquetheboltandnutto101N·m(75ft-lb).
2
CheckingtheFluidLevels
NoPartsRequired
Procedure
Beforestartingtheengineforthersttime,check
theengine-oilandhydraulic-uidlevels.Refertothe
followingsectionsformoreinformation:
•CheckingtheEngine-OilLevel(page27)
Figure4
1.Control
panel
2.Engine
3.Spoils
auger
4.Chain
guard
5.Chain
6.Digging
teeth
7.Boom10.Reverse
8.Trencher
head
9.Track
Controls
Becomefamiliarwithallthecontrols(Figure5)before
youstarttheengineandoperatethemachine.
ControlPanel
g015375
safety
plate
•CheckingtheHydraulic-FluidLevel(page40)
3
ChargingtheBattery
(Electric-StartModelsOnly)
NoPartsRequired
Procedure
Chargethebattery;refertoChargingtheBattery
(page32)formoreinformation.
Figure5
1.Tractioncontrol5.Throttlelever
2.Hydraulic-lift(boom
elevation)lever
3.Trenchercontrollever7.Keyswitch
4.Referencebar
12
g007801
6.Chokelever
8.Hourmeter

KeySwitch
Recoil-StartMachines
Thekeyswitchhas2positions:OFFandRUN.Refer
toStartingtheEngine(page17).
Electric-StartMachines
Thekeyswitchhas3positions:OFF,RUN,andSTART.
RefertoStartingtheEngine(page17).
TractionControl
g008128
Figure6
ThrottleLever
Movethecontrolforwardtoincreasetheenginespeed
andrearwardtodecreasetheenginespeed.
ChokeLever
Beforestartingacoldengine,movethechokelever
forward.Aftertheenginestarts,regulatethechoke
tokeeptheenginerunningsmoothly.Assoonas
possible,movethechokeleverallthewayrearward.
Note:Awarmenginerequireslittleornochoking.
HourMeter
Whentheengineisoff,thehourmeterdisplaysthe
numberofhoursofoperationthathavebeenlogged
onthemachine.
ReferenceBar
Whendrivingthemachine,usethereferencebar
asahandleandaleveragepointforcontrollingthe
machine.Toensuresmooth,controlledoperation,
donottakebothhandsoffthereferencebarwhile
operatingthemachine.
1.Referencebar
2.Tractioncontrol
•Tomoveforward,movethetractioncontrolforward
(Figure7).
g008129
Figure7
•Tomoverearward,movethetractioncontrol
rearward(Figure8).
Important:Whenreversing,lookbehindyou
forobstructionsandkeepyourhandsonthe
referencebar.
g008130
Figure8
13

•Toturnright,rotatethetractioncontrolclockwise
(Figure9).
Figure9
g008131
•Toturnleft,rotatethetractioncontrol
counterclockwise(Figure10).
Figure10
•Tostopthemachine,releasethetractioncontrol
(Figure6).
Note:Thefartheryoumovethetractioncontrolin
anydirection,thefasterthemachinemovesinthat
direction.
Hydraulic-Lift(BoomElevation)
Lever
g007802
Figure11
1.Lowertheboom2.Raisetheboom
Boom-ElevationLock
Theboom-elevationlocksecurestheboom-elevation
leversothatyoucannotpushitforward.Thishelps
toensurethatnooneaccidentallylowerstheboom
g008132
duringmaintenance.Securetheboomwiththelock
anytimeyouneedtostopthemachinewiththeboom
raised.
Tosetthelock,liftuponitsoitclearstheholeinthe
controlpanelandswingittotherightinfrontofthe
boomelevationlever,pushingitdownintothelocked
position(Figure12).
Tolowertheboom,slowlymovetheleverforward
(Figure11).
Toraisetheboom,slowlymovetheleverrearward
(Figure11).
g007803
Figure12
1.Boom-elevationlever2.Boom-elevationlock
14

TrencherControlLever
Specications
Todigwiththetrencher,rotatetheleverrearwardand
pullitdowntothereferencebar(Figure13,number1).
Toreversethetrencherhead,rotatethelever
rearward,thenmoveitleftintotheupperslot(Figure
13,number2).
Ifyoureleasethelever,itwillautomaticallyreturnto
theneutralposition(Figure13,number3),stopping
thechain.
Figure13
1.Forward3.Neutral
2.Reverse
Parking-BrakeLever
•Toengagetheparkingbrake,pullthebrakelever
rearwardandup(Figure14).
•Todisengagetheparkingbrake,pullthelever
rearwardandthendown(Figure14).
Note:Specicationsanddesignaresubjectto
changewithoutnotice.
Width
Lengthwith70cm(24
inch)boom
Lengthwith91.4cm(36
inch)boom
Lengthwith122cm(48
inch)boom(Model22974
only)
Height
Weight(Model22972)*499kg(1,100lb)
Weight(Model22973)*538kg(1,185lb)
Weight(Model22974)*578kg(1,208lb)
*A91.4cm(36inch)boomandchainaddsabout27kg(60lb)tothelisted
weight.
g007108
Attachments/Accessories
AselectionofToroapprovedattachmentsand
accessoriesisavailableforusewiththemachine
toenhanceandexpanditscapabilities.Contact
yourAuthorizedServiceDealerorauthorizedT oro
distributororgotowww.Toro.comforalistofall
approvedattachmentsandaccessories.
Toensureoptimumperformanceandcontinuedsafety
certicationofthemachine,useonlygenuineT oro
replacementpartsandaccessories.Replacement
partsandaccessoriesmadebyothermanufacturers
couldbedangerous,andsuchusecouldvoidthe
productwarranty.
86cm(33.8inches)
209.5cm(82.5inches)
235cm(92.6inches)
282.5cm(11 1.2inches)
117cm(46inches)
Figure14
1.Parking-brakelever(inthedisengagedposition)
g007804
15

Operation
Note:Determinetheleftandrightsidesofthe
machinefromthenormaloperatingposition.
Important:Beforeoperatingthemachine,check
theuidlevels,andremovedebrisfromthe
machine.Ensurethattheareaisclearofpeople
anddebris.Youshouldalsoknowandhave
markedthelocationsofallutilitylines.
AddingFuel
DANGER
Incertainconditions,fuelisextremely
ammableandhighlyexplosive.Areor
explosionfromfuelcanburnyouandothers
andcandamageproperty.
•Fillthefueltanksoutdoors,inanopen
area,whentheengineiscold.Wipeupany
fuelthatspills.
•Neverllthefueltanksinsideanenclosed
trailer.
•Neversmokewhenhandlingfuelandstay
awayfromanopenameorwherefuel
fumesmaybeignitedbyaspark.
•Storefuelinanapprovedcontainerand
keepitoutofthereachofchildren.Never
buymorethana30-daysupplyoffuel.
•Donotoperatewithoutentireexhaust
systeminplaceandinproperworking
condition.
DANGER
Incertainconditionsduringfueling,static
electricitycanbereleased,causingaspark
thatcanignitethefuelvapors.Areor
explosionfromfuelcanburnyouandothers
andcandamageproperty.
•Alwaysplacefuelcontainersontheground
awayfromyourvehiclebeforelling.
•Donotllfuelcontainersinsideavehicle
oronatruckortrailerbed,becauseinterior
carpetsorplastictruckbedlinersmay
insulatethecontainerandslowthelossof
anystaticcharge.
•Whenpractical,removeequipmentfrom
thetruckortrailerandrefueltheequipment
withitswheelsontheground.
•Ifthisisnotpossible,thenrefuelsuch
equipmentonatruckortrailerfroma
portablecontainerratherthanfroma
fuel-dispensernozzle.
•Ifyoumustuseafuel-dispensernozzle,
keepthenozzleincontactwiththerimof
thefueltankorcontaineropeningatall
timesuntilfuelingiscomplete.
WARNING
Fuelisharmfulorfatalifswallowed.
Long-termexposuretovaporscancause
seriousinjuryandillness.
•Avoidprolongedbreathingofvapors.
•Keepyourfaceawayfromthenozzleand
fueltankopening.
•Keepfuelawayfromyoureyesandskin.
RecommendedFuel
•Forbestresults,useonlyclean,fresh(lessthan
30daysold),unleadedgasolinewithanoctane
ratingof87orhigher((R+M)/2ratingmethod).
•Ethanol:Gasolinewithupto10%ethanol
(gasohol)or15%MTBE(methyltertiarybutyl
ether)byvolumeisacceptable.Ethanoland
MTBEarenotthesame.Gasolinewith15%
ethanol(E15)byvolumeisnotapprovedforuse.
Neverusegasolinethatcontainsmorethan
10%ethanolbyvolume,suchasE15(contains
15%ethanol),E20(contains20%ethanol),orE85
(containsupto85%ethanol).Usingunapproved
gasolinemaycauseperformanceproblemsand/or
enginedamagewhichmaynotbecoveredunder
warranty.
•Donotusegasolinecontainingmethanol.
16

•Donotstorefueleitherinthefueltankorfuel
containersoverthewinterunlessyouuseafuel
stabilizer.
•Donotaddoiltogasoline.
5.Installthefuel-tankcapsecurely .
6.Wipeupanyspilledfuel.
PerformingDaily
UsingStabilizer/Conditioner
Useafuelstabilizer/conditionerinthemachineto
providethefollowingbenets:
•Keepsfuelfreshlongerwhenusedasdirectedby
thefuel-stabilizermanufacturer
•Cleanstheenginewhileitruns
•Eliminatesgum-likevarnishbuildupinthefuel
system,whichcauseshardstarting
Important:Donotusefueladditives
containingmethanolorethanol.
Addthecorrectamountoffuelstabilizer/conditioner
tothefuel.
Note:Afuelstabilizer/conditionerismost
effectivewhenmixedwithfreshfuel.T ominimize
thechanceofvarnishdepositsinthefuelsystem,
usefuelstabilizeratalltimes.
FillingtheFuelTank
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engage
theparkingbrake(ifapplicable),andlowerthe
hydrauliclift.
2.Shutofftheengine,removethekey,andallow
theenginetocool.
3.Cleanaroundthefuel-tankcapandremoveit
(Figure15).
Maintenance
Beforestartingthemachineeachday ,performthe
EachUse/DailyprocedureslistedinMaintenance
(page21).
StartingtheEngine
1.Movethethrottlelevermidwaybetweenthe
SLOWandFASTpositions(Figure16).
g007809
Figure16
1.Throttlelever3.Key
2.Chokelever
2.MovethechokelevertotheONposition(Figure
16).
Figure15
1.Fuel-tankcap
4.Fillthetankwithfueltoabout6to13mm(1/4to
1/2inch)belowthebottomofthellerneck.
Important:Thisspaceinthetankallows
fueltoexpand.Donotllthefueltank
completelyfull.
Note:Awarmorhotenginemaynotrequire
choking.
3.Starttheengineasfollowsforyourmachine:
•Forrecoil-startmachines,turnthekeytothe
ONposition,thenpulltherecoilhandleon
topoftheengine.
•Forelectric-startmachines,turnthekey
totheONposition(Figure16).Whenthe
enginestarts,releasethekey.
g247445
4.GraduallymovethechokelevertotheOFF
17
Important:Donotengagethestarterfor
morethan10secondsatatime.Ifthe
enginefailstostart,allowa30-second
cooldownperiodbetweenattempts.
Failuretofollowtheseinstructionscan
burnoutthestartermotor.
position(Figure16).Iftheenginestallsor
hesitates,engagethechokeagainuntilthe
enginewarmsup.

5.Movethethrottlelevertothedesiredsetting
(Figure16).
Important:Runningtheengineathigh
speedswhenthehydraulicsystemiscold
(i.e.,whentheairtemperatureisator
belowfreezing)coulddamagethehydraulic
system.Whenstartingtheengineincold
conditions,allowittoruninthemiddle
throttlepositionfor2to5minutesbefore
movingthethrottletotheFASTposition.
Note:Iftheoutdoortemperatureisbelow
freezing,storethemachineinagaragetokeep
itwarmerandaidinstarting.
DrivingtheMachine
Usethetractioncontrolstomovethemachine.The
fartheryoumovethetractioncontrolsinanydirection,
thefasterthemachinemovesinthatdirection.
Releasethetractioncontrolstostopthemachine.
CAUTION
Whenreversing,youmaybackintostationary
objectsoroverbystandersandcauseserious
personalinjuryordeath.
CAUTION
Achildoruntrainedbystandercould
attempttooperatethemachineandbe
injured.
Removethekeyfromtheswitchwhen
leavingthemachine,evenifjustforafew
seconds.
DiggingaTrench
DANGER
Thismachineiscapableofamputatinghands
andfeet.
•Alwayswearsubstantial,slip-resistant
footwear.
•Stayintheoperatingpositionwhilethe
machineisrunning,andkeepawayfrom
movingparts.
•Keepallbystandersasafedistanceaway
fromthemachine.
•Stopthemachineimmediatelyifany
peopleoranimalsentertheworkarea.
Lookbehindyouforobstructionsor
bystandersandkeepyourhandsonthe
referencebar.
Thethrottlecontrolregulatestheenginespeedas
measuredinrpm(revolutionsperminute).Placethe
throttleleverintheFASTpositionforbestperformance.
Youcan,however,usethethrottlepositiontooperate
atslowerspeeds.
ShuttingofftheEngine
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engage
theparkingbrake(ifapplicable),andlowerthe
hydrauliclift.
2.MovethethrottlelevertotheSLOWposition
(Figure16).
3.Iftheenginehasbeenworkinghardorishot,let
itidleforaminutebeforeturningthekeyswitch
totheOFFposition.
Note:Thishelpstocooltheenginebeforeyou
shutitoff.Inanemergency ,youcanshutoff
theengineimmediately.
4.TurnthekeyswitchtotheOFFpositionand
removethekey.
WARNING
Diggingatrenchthrowssoilandother
debrisintotheair,whichcouldinjureyouor
bystanders.
•Alwaysweareyeprotectionwhenusing
thetrencher.
•Keepallbystandersasafedistanceaway
fromthetrencher.
WARNING
Thetrencherisveryloudwhendigginga
trencherandcandamageyourears.
Alwayswearhearingprotectionwhenusing
thetrencher.
1.Starttheengine,raisetheboom,movethe
throttlelevertotheFASTposition,andmovethe
machineovertheareatobetrenched.
2.Pullthetrenchercontrollevertothereference
bartoengagethetrencher.
3.Slowlylowertheboomandchainintothe
ground.
Note:T oachievethemaximumdepth,youmay
needtolowertheboomasfarintotheground
asitcangowiththechainrunning.Then,stop
18

thechainandloweritfully.Startthechainagain
andresumeoperation.
4.Oncethetrencherboomisinthegroundata45°
to60°angle,slowlymovethemachinerearward
toextendthetrench.
Note:Ifyoumovetoofast,thetrencherwillstall.
Ifitstalls,raiseitslightly,slowlydriveforward,or
reversethechaindirectionmomentarily.
5.Whennished,raisetheboomoutofthetrench,
thenstopthetrencher.
MovingaNon-Functioning
Machine
Important:Donottoworpullthemachine
withoutrstopeningthetowvalves,oryouwill
damagethehydraulicsystem.
1.Engagetheparkingbrakeandlowerthe
hydrauliclift.
2.Shutofftheengineandremovethekey.
SecuringtheMachinefor
Transport
Important:Donotoperateordrivethemachine
onroadways.Usecarewhenloadingorunloading
themachineintoatrailerortruck.
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engage
theparkingbrake(ifapplicable),andlowerthe
hydrauliclift.
2.Shutofftheengineandremovethekey.
3.Securethemachinetoatrailerwithchainsor
strapsusingthetie-down/liftloopsatthefront
andrearofthemachine(Figure18andFigure
19).Refertoyourlocalordinancesfortrailerand
tie-downrequirements.
3.Removethebottomshield.
4.Usingawrench,turnthetowvalvesonthe
hydraulicpumpstwicecounter-clockwise(Figure
17).
Figure17
1.Towvalves
5.Installthebottomshieldandtowthemachine
asrequired.
6.Afterrepairingthemachine,closethetowvalves
beforeoperatingit.
g015378
Figure18
1.Fronttie-downloop
g007816
g007818
Figure19
1.Reartie-downloops
LiftingtheMachine
Youcanliftthemachineusingthetie-down/liftloops
asliftpoints(Figure18andFigure19).
19

OperatingTips
•Cleantheareaoftrash,branches,androcks
beforetrenchingtopreventdamagingthemachine.
•Alwaysbegintrenchingwiththeslowestground
speedpossible.Increasespeedifconditions
permit.Ifthechainspeedslowsdown,reduce
thegroundspeedtokeepthechainmovingatits
fastestrate.Donotspinthetrackswhiletrenching.
•Alwaysusefullthrottle(maximumenginespeed)
whentrenching.
•Alwaystrenchbackward(i.e.,inreverse).
•Trenchwiththechainata45°to60°angleforbest
results.
•Youwillbeabletodigatrenchfasterbycontrolling
thedepthwithperiodicadjustmentsoftheboom.
•Ifthetrencherbindsinthesoil,reversethechain
direction.Oncethechainisloose,changechain
directionsandcontinuetrenching.
•Ifyouneedthenishedtrenchtobecleaner
thanwhatispossiblewiththetrencher,you
canpurchaseacrumberfromyourdealer.The
crumbermountsontothetrencherheadand
scrapesthetrenchcleanasyoudig.
•Usethecorrectchainforthegroundconditions,as
listedinthefollowingtable:
SoilTypeRecommendedChainType
SandySoilchain(congurewith
SandyLoam/Loam/Loamy
Clay
Wet,stickyclay
Hardsoils:dryclayand
compactedsoils
Rockysoil/gravel
extrateethforafasterdigging
speed;refertoyourAuthorized
ServiceDealer)
Soilchain
Soilchain
Combinationchain
Rockchain
•Toimprovethequalityoftrencheslessthan61cm
(24inches)deep,usea61cm(24inch)boom.
•Iftheliftspeedofthemachineistooslowortoo
fast,adjusttheboltindicatedinFigure20.
Figure20
1.Lift-speedadjustmentbolt
g020996
20

Maintenance
Note:Determinetheleftandrightsidesofthemachinefromthenormaloperatingposition.
RecommendedMaintenanceSchedule(s)
MaintenanceService
Interval
Aftertherst8hours
Aftertherst50hours
Beforeeachuseordaily
Every25hours
Every40hours
Every100hours
MaintenanceProcedure
•Changetheengineoil.
•Checkandadjustthetracktension.
•Greasethemachine.(Greaseimmediatelyaftereverywashing.)
•Checktheengine-oillevel.
•Checktheconditionofandcleanthetracks.
•Checktheconditionofthediggingteethandreplaceanythatarewornordamaged.
•Removedebrisfromthemachine.
•Checkforloosefasteners.
•Cleanthefoamair-cleanerelement(moreoftenindirtyordustyconditions)—Models
22972and22973only.
•Checkthebatteryelectrolytelevel.
•Checkthehydraulic-uidlevel.
•Checkthediggingchainforexcessivewearandpropertension.
•Greasethetrencherhousing.
•Checkthepaperair-cleanerelement(moreoftenindirtyordustyconditions)—Models
22972and22973only.
•Changetheengineoil.
•Replaceorcleanandgapthesparkplug.
•Checkandadjustthetracktension.
•Checkthehydrauliclinesforleaks,loosettings,kinkedlines,loosemounting
supports,wear,weather,andchemicaldeteriorationandrepairifnecessary.
•Replacethepaperair-cleanerelement(moreoftenindirtyordusty
conditions)—Models22972and22973only.
Every200hours
Every250hours
Every400hours
Every500hours
Every1,500hours
Yearlyorbeforestorage
•Changetheengine-oillter.
•Replacethefuellter.
•Replacethehydrauliclter.
•Replacetheprimaryairlterandchecktheconditionofthesafetylter(moreoften
indirtyordustyconditions)—Model22974only.
•Checkandgreasetheroadwheels.
•Changethehydraulicuid.
•Replacethesecondaryairlter.(moreoftenindirtyordustyconditions)—Model
22974only.
•Replaceallmovinghydraulichoses.
•Checkandadjustthetracktension.
•Checkandadjustthechaintension.
•T ouchupchippedpaint
Important:RefertoyourEngineOperator'sManualforadditionalmaintenanceprocedures.
21

CAUTION
Ifyouleavethekeyinthekeyswitch,someonecouldaccidentlystarttheengineandseriously
injureyouorotherbystanders.
Removethekeyfromthekeyswitchanddisconnectthewiresfromthesparkplugsbefore
youdoanymaintenance.Setthewiresasidesothattheydonotaccidentallycontactthe
sparkplugs.
Pre-Maintenance
Procedures
Important:Thefastenersonthecoversofthismachinearedesignedtoremainonthecoverafter
removal.Loosenallfastenersoneachcoverafewturnssothatthecoverisloosebutstillattached,
thengobackandloosenthemuntilthecovercomesfree.Thispreventsyoufromaccidentallystripping
theboltsfreeoftheretainers.
RemovingtheCoverPlate
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engage
theparkingbrake(ifapplicable),andlowerthe
hydrauliclift.
2.Shutofftheengineandremovethekey.
WARNING
Thereisabeltunderthecoverthatis
movingwhenthemachineisrunning
andcancatchngers,hands,loosehair,
andclothing,causingseriousinjury,
amputation,ordeath.
Alwaysshutofftheengineandwaitfor
allmovingpartstostopbeforeremoving
thecover.
3.Loosentheboltattherearofthecoverplate.
4.Loosenthe3boltssecuringthecoverplateto
theframesequentiallyuntilthecoverisloose
(Figure21).
Figure21
1.Coverplate
5.Pulluptherearofthecoverplateuntilitclears
theengineandthenpullitoffovertheboltheads
andoffthemachine.
6.T oinstallthecoverplatebeforeoperatingthe
machine,slidetheplateintoplaceandsecureit
withthe3boltsyouloosenedpreviously(Figure
21).
2.Bolts
g015379
22

RemovingtheBottom
Shield
Lubrication
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engage
theparkingbrake(ifapplicable),andlowerthe
hydrauliclift.
2.Shutofftheengineandremovethekey.
3.Loosenthe2boltssecuringthebottomshield
sequentiallyuntiltheshieldisfree(Figure22).
Figure22
1.Bottomshield2.Bolts
4.Pulltheshieldbackandoutofthemachine.
5.T oinstalltheshieldbeforeoperatingthe
machine,slidethebottomshieldintothe
machinesothatitrestsonall4tabsandsecure
itwiththe2boltsyouloosenedpreviously
(Figure22).
GreasingtheMachine
ServiceInterval:Beforeeachuseordaily(Grease
immediatelyaftereverywashing.)
GreaseType:General-purposegrease.
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engagethe
parkingbrake,andlowerthehydrauliclift.
2.Shutofftheengineandremovethekey.
3.Cleanthegreasettingswitharag.
4.Connectagreaseguntoeachtting(Figure23
throughFigure26).
5.Pumpgreaseintothettingsuntilgreasebegins
tooozeoutofthebearings(approximately3
pumps).
g011472
6.Wipeupanyexcessgrease.
Note:Youmayneedtoliftuponthebottom
shieldtoensurethatitrestsonthefronttabs.
g007821
Figure23
g007822
Figure24
23

GreasingtheTrencher
Housing
ServiceInterval:Every40hours
GreaseType:General-purposegrease.
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engagethe
parkingbrake,andlowerthehydrauliclift.
2.Shutofftheengineandremovethekey.
Figure25
Figure26
g007823
3.Cleanthetrencherhousinggreasettingwitha
ragandconnectagreaseguntoit(Figure27).
g008334
g007824
Figure27
4.Pumpgreaseintothettinguntilgreasecomes
outofthegreasevalvelocatednexttothetting.
5.Wipeupanyexcessgrease.
24

EngineMaintenance
ServicingtheAirCleaner
Models22972and22973
ServiceInterval:Every25hours—Cleanthefoam
air-cleanerelement(moreoftenin
dirtyordustyconditions)—Models
22972and22973only.
Every100hours—Checkthepaperair-cleaner
element(moreoftenindirtyordusty
conditions)—Models22972and22973only .
Every200hours/Y early(whichevercomes
rst)—Replacethepaperair-cleanerelement
(moreoftenindirtyordustyconditions)—Models
22972and22973only.
Inspectthefoamandpaperelementsandreplace
themiftheyaredamagedorexcessivelydirty .
Important:Donotoilthefoamorpaperelement.
RemovingtheFoamandPaperElements
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engagethe
parkingbrake,andlowerthehydrauliclift.
2.Shutofftheengineandremovethekey.
3.Cleanaroundtheaircleanertopreventdirtfrom
gettingintotheengineandcausingdamage
(Figure28).
4.Loosenthecoverknobsandremovethe
air-cleanercover(Figure28).
5.Loosenthehoseclampandremovethe
air-cleanerassembly(Figure28).
6.Carefullypullthefoamelementoffthepaper
element(Figure28).
Figure28
1.Cover
2.Hoseclamp4.Foamelement
3.Paperelement
CleaningtheFoamAir-CleanerElement
1.Washthefoamelementinliquidsoapand
warmwater.Whentheelementisclean,rinse
itthoroughly.
2.Drytheelementbysqueezingitinacleancloth.
Important:Replacethefoamelementifit
istornorworn.
ServicingthePaperAir-CleanerElement
1.Cleanthepaperelementbytappingitgentlyto
removedust.Ifitisverydirty,replacethepaper
element(Figure28).
2.Inspecttheelementfortears,anoilylm,or
damagetotherubberseal.
3.Replacethepaperelementifitisdamaged.
g012619
Important:Donotcleanthepaperlter.
InstallingtheFoamandPaperAir-Cleaner
Elements
Important:Topreventenginedamage,always
operatetheenginewiththecompletefoamand
paperair-cleanerassemblyinstalled.
1.Carefullyslidethefoamelementontothepaper
element(Figure28).
2.Placetheair-cleanerassemblyontothe
air-cleanerbaseorhoseandsecureit(Figure
28).
3.Placetheair-cleanercoverintopositionand
tightenthecoverknobs(Figure28).
25

Model22974
ServicingthePrimaryFilter
ServiceInterval:Every250hours(moreoftenindirty
ordustyconditions)—Model22974
only.
Every500hours(moreoftenindirtyordusty
conditions)—Model22974only .
RemovingtheFilters
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engage
theparkingbrake(ifapplicable),andlowerthe
hydrauliclift.
2.Shutofftheengineandremovethekey.
3.Releasethelatchesontheaircleanerandpull
theair-cleanercoverofftheair-cleanerbody
(Figure29).
Inspecttheprimarylterfordamagebylookinginto
thelterwhileshiningabrightlightontheoutsideof
thelter.
Note:Holesinthelterappearasbrightspots.If
thelterisdirty,bent,ordamaged,replaceit.Donot
cleantheprimarylter.
ServicingtheSafetyFilter
Replacethesafetylter,nevercleanit.
Important:Donotattempttocleanthesafety
lter.Ifthesafetylterisdirty,thentheprimary
lterisdamaged.Replacebothlters.
InstallingtheFilters
Important:Topreventenginedamage,always
operatetheenginewithbothairltersandthe
coverinstalled.
1.Ifyouareinstallingnewlters,checkeachlter
forshippingdamage.
Note:Donotuseadamagedlter.
Figure29
1.Air-cleanerbody4.Air-cleanercover
2.Primarylter5.Safetylter
3.Latch
4.Cleantheinsideoftheair-cleanercoverwith
compressedair.
5.Gentlyslidetheprimarylteroutofthe
air-cleanerbody(Figure29).
Note:Avoidknockingthelterintothesideof
thebody.
6.Removethesafetylteronlyifyouintendto
replaceit.
Important:Donotattempttocleanthe
safetylter.Ifthesafetylterisdirty,then
theprimarylterisdamaged.Replaceboth
lters.
2.Ifyouarereplacingthesafetylter,carefully
slideitintothelterbody(Figure29).
3.Carefullyslidetheprimarylteroverthesafety
lter(Figure29).
Note:Ensurethattheprimarylterisfully
g001883
seatedbypushingonitsouterrimwhileinstalling
it.
Important:Donotpressonthesoftinside
areaofthelter.
4.Installtheair-cleanercoverwiththeside
indicatedasupfacingupwardandsecurethe
latches(Figure29).
26

ServicingtheEngineOil
ServiceInterval:Aftertherst8hours—Changethe
engineoil.
Beforeeachuseordaily—Checktheengine-oil
level.
Every100hours—Changetheengineoil.
Every200hours—Changetheengine-oillter.
Note:Changetheoilmorefrequentlywhenthe
operatingconditionsareextremelydustyorsandy .
Note:Yourenginemaylookdifferentthantheone
showninthegraphics.
Engine-OilSpecications
OilType:Detergentoil(APIserviceSF ,SG,SH,or
SJ)
CrankcaseCapacity:
•Models22972and22973:1.7L(57oz)withthe
lterremoved;1.5L(51oz)withoutthelter
removed
CheckingtheEngine-OilLevel
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engage
theparkingbrake(ifapplicable),andlowerthe
hydrauliclift.
2.Shutofftheengineandremovethekey.
•Models22974:2.1L(71oz)withthelter
removed;1.8L(61oz)withoutthelterremoved
Viscosity:Refertothetablebelow.
Figure30
g194611
g004216
Figure31
27

ChangingtheEngineOil
1.Starttheengineandletitrun5minutes.This
warmstheoilsoitdrainsbetter.
2.Parkthemachinesothatthedrainsideisslightly
lowerthantheoppositesidetoensurethatthe
oildrainscompletely.
3.Lowertheboomandengagetheparkingbrake.
4.Shutofftheengine,removethekey ,andwait
forallmovingpartstostopbeforeleavingthe
operatingposition.
5.Placeapanbelowthedrainhose.
Note:Rotatetheoil-drainvalvetoallowoilto
drain(Figure32).
g194610
Figure33
Figure32
1.Oil-drainvalve2.Oil-drainhose
6.Whenoilhasdrainedcompletely,closethedrain
valve.
7.Disposeoftheusedoilatarecyclingcenter
8.Slowlypourapproximately80%ofthespecied
oilintothellertubeandslowlyaddthe
additionaloiltobringittotheFullmark(Figure
33).
9.Starttheengineanddrivetoaatarea.
10.Checktheoillevelagain.
g015380
28

ChangingtheEngine-OilFilter
1.Draintheoilfromtheengine;refertoChanging
theEngineOil(page28).
2.Changetheengine-oillter(Figure34).
ServicingtheSparkPlug
ServiceInterval:Every100hours
Makesurethattheairgapbetweenthecenterand
sideelectrodesiscorrectbeforeinstallingthespark
plug.Useasparkplugwrenchforremovingand
installingthesparkplug(s)andagappingtool/feeler
gaugetocheckandadjusttheairgap.Installanew
sparkplug(s)ifnecessary.
Figure34
TypeofSparkPlug:NGK
AirGap:0.75mm(0.03inch)
®
BPR4ESorequivalent
RemovingtheSparkPlug
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engage
theparkingbrake(ifapplicable),andlowerthe
hydrauliclift.
2.Shutofftheengineandremovethekey.
3.Locateandremovethesparkplugs(Figure35).
g027478
Figure35
g027477
Note:Ensurethattheoil-ltergaskettouches
theengine,andthenturntheoillteranextra
3/4turn.
3.Fillthecrankcasewiththepropertypeofnew
oil;refertoEngine-OilSpecications(page27).
29

CheckingtheSparkPlug
Important:Donotcleanthesparkplug(s).
Alwaysreplacethesparkplug(s)whenithas:a
blackcoating,wornelectrodes,anoilylm,or
cracks.
Ifyouseelightbrownorgrayontheinsulator,the
engineisoperatingproperly.Ablackcoatingonthe
insulatorusuallymeanstheaircleanerisdirty .
Setthegapto0.75mm(0.03inch).
Figure36
FuelSystem
Maintenance
DrainingtheFuelTank
DANGER
Incertainconditions,fuelisextremely
ammableandhighlyexplosive.Areor
explosionfromfuelcanburnyouandothers
andcandamageproperty.
RefertoFuelSafety(page4)foracomplete
listoffuelrelatedprecautions.
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engagethe
g206628
parkingbrake,andlowerthehydrauliclift.
2.Shutofftheengineandremovethekey.
3.Turnthefuel-shutoffvalvetotheclosedposition
(Figure38).
InstallingtheSparkPlug
Figure37
g007830
Figure38
1.Fuel-shutoffvalve
4.Squeezetheendsofthehoseclamponthe
g027661
enginesideofthevalvetogetherandslideitup
thefuellineawayfromthevalve(Figure38).
5.Pullthefuellineoffthevalve(Figure38).
6.Openthefuel-shutoffvalveandallowthefuelto
drainintoafuelcanordrainpan.
Note:Ifdesired,youcanreplacethefuellter
atthistime;refertoReplacingtheFuelFilter
(page31).
7.Installthefuellineontothefuel-shutoffvalve.
Slidethehoseclampclosetothevalvetosecure
thefuelline.
8.Wipeupanyspilledfuel.
30

ReplacingtheFuelFilter
ElectricalSystem
ServiceInterval:Every200hours
Neverinstalladirtylterifitisremovedfromthefuel
line.
Note:Notehowthefuellterisinstalledinorderto
installthenewltercorrectly.
Note:Wipeupanyspilledfuel.
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engagethe
parkingbrake,andlowerthehydrauliclift.
2.Shutofftheengineandremovethekey.
3.Turnthefuelshutoffvalvetotheclosedposition
(Figure38).
4.Squeezetheendsofthehoseclampstogether
andslidethemawayfromthelter(Figure39).
Maintenance
ServicingtheBattery
Electric-StartMachinesOnly
ServiceInterval:Every25hours—Checkthebattery
electrolytelevel.
Alwayskeepthebatterycleanandfullycharged.Use
apapertoweltocleanthebatterycase.Ifthebattery
terminalsarecorroded,cleanthemwithasolutionof
4partswaterand1partbakingsoda.Applyalight
coatingofgreasetothebatteryterminalstoreduce
corrosion.
Voltage:12Vwith300A(coldcranking)at-18°C
(0°F).
WARNING
CALIFORNIA
Proposition65Warning
Batteryposts,terminals,andrelated
accessoriescontainleadandlead
compounds,chemicalsknownto
theStateofCaliforniatocause
cancerandreproductiveharm.Wash
handsafterhandling.
Figure39
1.Hoseclamp3.Filter
2.Fuelline
5.Removethelterfromthefuellines.
6.Installanewlterandmovethehoseclamps
closetothelter.
7.Turnthefuelshutoffvalvetotheopenposition
(Figure38).
8.Checkforfuelleaksandrepairifneeded.
9.Wipeupanyspilledfuel.
g001468
WARNING
Incorrectbatterycableroutingcoulddamage
themachineandcables,causingsparks.
Sparkscancausethebatterygassesto
explode,resultinginpersonalinjury.
•Alwaysdisconnectthenegative(black)
cablebeforedisconnectingthepositive
(red)cable.
•Alwaysconnectthepositive(red)cable
beforeconnectingthenegative(black)
cable.
31

WARNING
Batteryterminalsormetaltoolscouldshort
againstmetalcomponents,causingsparks.
Sparkscancausethebatterygassesto
explode,resultinginpersonalinjury.
•Whenremovingorinstallingthebattery,
donotallowthebatteryterminalstotouch
anymetalpartsofthetractionunit.
4.Slidetheredterminalbootoffthepositive(red)
batteryterminal.Thenremovethepositive(red)
batterycable(Figure40).
5.Removetheholddownplate,j-bolts,and
locknutssecuringthebattery(Figure40)and
removethebattery.
ChargingtheBattery
•Donotallowmetaltoolstoshortbetween
thebatteryterminalsandmetalpartsofthe
tractionunit.
RemovingtheBattery
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engagethe
parkingbrake,andlowerthehydrauliclift.
2.Shutofftheengineandremovethekey.
3.Lifttheblackrubbercoveronthenegativecable.
Disconnectthenegativebatterycablefromthe
negative(-)batteryterminal(Figure40).
WARNING
Chargingthebatteryproducesgassesthat
canexplode.
Neversmokenearthebatteryandkeepsparks
andamesawayfrombattery .
Important:Alwayskeepthebatteryfullycharged
(1.265specicgravity).Thisisespecially
importanttopreventbatterydamagewhenthe
temperatureisbelow0°C(32°F).
1.Removethebatteryfromthemachine;referto
RemovingtheBattery(page32).
2.Chargethebatteryatarateof3to4Afor4
to8hours(Figure41).Donotoverchargethe
battery.
Figure40
1.Negativecable7.Positivecable
2.Nut(1/4inch)
3.Nut(5/16inch)
4.Bolt10.J-bolt
5.Rubbercover(red)
6.Rubbercover(black)
8.Batteryholddownplate
9.Washer
11.Battery
g003792
Figure41
1.Positivebatterypost
2.Negativebatterypost
g008335
3.Whenthebatteryisfullycharged,unplug
3.Red(+)chargerlead
4.Black(-)chargerlead
thechargerfromtheelectricaloutlet,then
disconnectthechargerleadsfromthebattery
posts(Figure41).
32

CheckingtheBatteryElectrolyte
Level
4.Cleanthetopofthebatterywithapapertowel.
5.Removetheventcapsfromthebattery(Figure
42).
DANGER
Batteryelectrolytecontainssulfuricacid
whichisfatalifconsumedandcausessevere
burns.
•Donotdrinkelectrolyteandavoidcontact
withskin,eyesorclothing.Wearsafety
glassestoshieldyoureyesandrubber
glovestoprotectyourhands.
•Fillthebatterywherecleanwaterisalways
availableforushingtheskin.
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engagethe
parkingbrake,andlowerthehydrauliclift.
2.Shutofftheengineandremovethekey.
3.Lookatthesideofthebattery.Theelectrolyte
mustbeuptotheupperline(Figure42).Do
notallowtheelectrolytetofallbelowtheLower
line(Figure42).
6.Slowlypourdistilledwaterintoeachbatterycell
untiltheelectrolytelevelisuptotheUpperline
(Figure42)onthebatterycase.
Important:Donotoverllthebattery;
electrolyte(sulfuricacid)cancausesevere
corrosionanddamagetothechassis.
7.Wait5to10minutesafterllingthebattery
cells.Adddistilledwater,ifnecessary,untilthe
electrolytelevelisuptotheUpperline(Figure
42)onthebatterycase.
8.Installthebatteryventcaps.
CleaningtheBattery
Note:Keeptheterminalsandtheentirebatterycase
clean,becauseadirtybatterydischargesslowly.
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engagethe
parkingbrake,andlowerthehydrauliclift.
2.Shutofftheengineandremovethekey.
3.Removethebatteryfromthemachine;
RemovingtheBattery(page32).
Figure42
1.Ventcaps3.Lowerline
2.Upperline
4.Iftheelectrolyteislow,addtherequiredamount
ofdistilledwater;refertoAddingWatertothe
Battery(page33).
AddingWatertotheBattery
Thebesttimetoadddistilledwatertothebatteryis
justbeforeyouoperatethemachine.Thisletsthe
watermixthoroughlywiththeelectrolytesolution.
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engagethe
parkingbrake,andlowerthehydrauliclift.
2.Shutofftheengineandremovethekey.
3.Removethebatteryfromthemachine;referto
RemovingtheBattery(page32).
Important:Neverllthebatterywith
distilledwaterwhilethebatteryisinstalledin
themachine.Electrolytecouldspillonother
partsandcausecorrosion.
4.Washtheentirecasewithasolutionofbaking
sodaandwater.
5.Rinsethebatterywithclearwater.
g000537
6.Coatthebatterypostsandcableconnectorswith
Grafo112X(skin-over)grease(T oroPartNo.
505-47)orpetroleumjellytopreventcorrosion.
7.Installthebattery;refertoInstallingtheBattery
(page33).
InstallingtheBattery
1.Usingthefastenerspreviouslyremoved,install
thepositive(red)batterycabletothepositive(+)
batteryterminal(Figure41).
2.Slidetheredterminalbootontothepositive
batterypost.
3.Usingthefastenerspreviouslyremoved,install
thenegative(black)batterycabletothenegative
(-)batteryterminal(Figure41).
4.Securethebatteryusingthebarandwingnuts
(Figure41).
Important:Ensurethatthebatterycablesdonot
contactanysharpedgesoreachother.
33

ReplacingtheFuses
DriveSystem
(Models22973and22974)
Thereare4fusesintheelectricalsystem.Theyare
underthecontrolpanelontheleftside(Figure43).
StartCircuit
ChargeCircuit
CoolerfanCircuit
Headlight(optional)
Figure43
1.Fuseblock
30amp
25amp
15amp
15amp
Maintenance
ServicingtheTracks
CleaningtheTracks
ServiceInterval:Beforeeachuseordaily
Checkthetracksforexcessivewearandcleanthem
periodically.Ifthetracksareworn,replacethem.
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engagethe
parkingbrake,andlowerthehydrauliclift.
2.Shutofftheengineandremovethekey.
3.Usingawaterhoseorpressurewasher,remove
g015381
dirtfromeachtracksystem.
Important:Ensurethatyouusehigh-pressure
watertowashonlythetrackarea.Donotuse
ahigh-pressurewashertocleantherestofthe
machine.High-pressurewashingcandamagethe
electricalsystemandhydraulicvalvesordeplete
grease.
Important:Ensurethatyoufullycleantheroad
wheelsandthedrivesprocket(Figure44).The
roadwheelsshouldrotatefreelywhenclean.
Figure44
1.Roadwheels3.Track
2.Drivesprocket
g007832
34

CheckingandAdjustingtheTrack
Tension
ServiceInterval:Aftertherst50hours
Every100hours
Tocheckthetensionofeachtrack,place20.4kg(45
lb)onthetrackmidwaybetweenthefrontroadwheel
andthedrivesprocket.Thetrackshouldexnomore
than0.6to1cm(1/4to3/8inch).Ifitdoes,adjustthe
tracktensionusingthefollowingprocedure:
Figure45
isappliedtothetrackspan.Adjustthetorqueon
thetensioningboltasneeded.
6.Tightenthejamnut.
7.Tightentheclampboltsandtorqueto102N∙m
(75ft-lb).
ReplacingtheTracks
Whenthetracksarebadlyworn,replacethem.
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engagethe
parkingbrake,andlowerthehydrauliclift.
2.Shutofftheengineandremovethekey.
3.Liftandsupportthesideoftheunittobeworked
onsothatthetrackis7.6to10cm(3to4
inches)offtheground.
4.Backoutthetensioningboltandjamnut(Figure
46).
5.Loosentheclampbolts(Figure46).
6.Pushthefrontroadwheelrearwardasfarasit
cangoes(Figure47).
g007833
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engagethe
parkingbrake,andlowerthehydrauliclift.
2.Shutofftheengineandremovethekey.
3.Loosenthejamnutonthetracktensioningbolt
andtheclampboltsonthetensionarm(Figure
46).
Figure46
1.Tensioningbolt
2.Jamnut
3.Clampbolts
g007835
Figure47
1.Frontroadwheel
7.Beginremovingthetrackatthetopofthefront
roadwheel,peelingitoffthewheelwhilerotating
thetrackforward.
Note:Y oumayneedtoremovethefront,
g007825
outsideroadwheel.T oremoveit,removethe
snapringandcapfromthecenteroftheroad
wheel(Figure48).Nextremovetheboltand
gasketfromthecenterofthewheelandpullthe
wheeloffthemachine.
4.T orquethetensioningboltto32.5to40N∙m(24
to30ft-lb)totightenthetrack(Figure46).
5.Ensurethatthetrackdeectslessthan0.6to1
cm(1/4to3/8inch)when20.6kg(45lb)offorce
35

CheckingandGreasingtheRoad
Wheels
ServiceInterval:Every250hours
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engagethe
parkingbrake,andlowerthehydrauliclift.
2.Shutofftheengineandremovethekey.
3.Removethetracks;refertoReplacingthe
Tracks(page35).
Figure48
1.Snapring4.Gasket
2.Cap
3.Bolt
5.Wheelwithbearings
8.Whenthetrackisofftheroadwheel,removeit
fromthemachine(Figure47).
9.Beginningatthedrivesprocket,coilthenew
trackaroundthesprocket,ensuringthatthe
lugsonthetracktbetweenthespacersonthe
sprocket(Figure47).
10.Pushthetrackunderandbetweentherearand
centerroadwheels(Figure47).
11.Startingatthebottomofthefrontroadwheel,
installthetrackaroundthewheelbyrotating
thetrackrearwardwhilepushingthelugsinto
thewheel.
12.Ifyouremovedthefront,outsideroadwheel,
installitatthistimeusingtheboltandgasket
removedpreviously.Torquetheboltto102N∙m
(75ft-lb)andthenclean,grease,andinstallthe
capandsnapringasinstructedintheChecking
andGreasingtheRoadWheels(page36).
13.Installthetensioningboltandjamnut.
14.T orquethetensioningboltto32.5to40N∙m(24
to30ft-lb)totightenthetrack.
15.Ensurethatthetrackdeectslessthan0.6to1
cm(1/4to3/8inch)when20.6kg(45lb)offorce
isappliedtothetrackspan.Adjustthetorqueon
thetensioningboltasneeded.
g242269
4.Removethesnapringandcapfromaroad
wheel(Figure49).
g013416
Figure49
1.Roadwheel
2.Roadwheelcap
3.Snapring
5.Checkthegreaseunderthecapandaround
thegasket(Figure49).Ifitisdirty,gritty ,or
depleted,cleanoutallofthegrease,replacethe
gasket,andaddnewgrease.
6.Ensurethattheroadwheelturnssmoothlyonthe
bearing.Ifitisfrozen,contactyourAuthorized
ServiceDealertoreplacetheroadwheel.
7.Placethegreasedroadwheelcapoverthebolt
head(Figure49).
8.Securetheroadwheelcapwiththesnapring
(Figure49).
9.Repeatsteps4through8forall12roadwheels.
10.Installthetracks;refertoReplacingtheTracks
(page35).
16.Tightenthejamnut.
17.Tightentheclampboltsandtorqueto102N∙m
(75ft-lb).
18.Lowerthemachinetotheground.
19.Repeattheproceduretoreplacetheothertrack.
36

BeltMaintenance
ReplacingthePump-Drive
ControlsSystem
Maintenance
Belt
Ifthepumpdrivebeltbeginstosquealoriscracked,
worn,orfrayed,replaceit.ContactyourAuthorized
ServiceDealerforareplacementbelt.
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engagethe
parkingbrake,andlowerthehydrauliclift.
2.Shutofftheengineandremovethekey.
3.Raisethebackofthemachineandsupportit
onjackstands.
4.Removethebottomshield;refertoRemoving
theBottomShield(page23).
5.Loosenthe2pumpbolts(Figure50).
Adjustingthe
Traction-ControlAlignment
Thefactoryadjuststhetractioncontrolsbefore
shippingthemachine.However,aftermanyhours
ofuse,youmayneedtoadjustthetraction-control
alignment,theneutralpositionofthetractioncontrol,
andthetrackingofthetractioncontrolinthefull
forwardposition.
Important:Toadjustthecontrolsproperly,
completeeachprocedureintheorderlisted.
AdjustingtheTraction-Control
ReversePosition
Ifthetractioncontrolbardoesnotrestushand
squarewiththereferencebarwheninthefull
reverseposition,immediatelycompletethefollowing
procedure:
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engage
theparkingbrake(ifapplicable),andlowerthe
hydrauliclift.
Figure50
1.Pump3.Belt
2.Pumpbolts4.Idler-pulleyspring
6.Twistthepumpcounterclockwiseandallowitto
dropdownawayfromthepulley(Figure50).
Note:Ensurethatthespidercouplerdrops
downwiththepump.
7.Usingaspringpuller(contactyourAuthorized
ServiceDealer)orstiffmetalhook,pulltheend
oftheidlerpulleyspringoffthespringboltto
releasetensiononthebelt(Figure50).
8.Removethebelt.
9.Routeanewbeltaroundthepulleys.
10.Installtheidler-pulleyspringonthebolt.
11.Ensurethatthespidercouplerisinplaceonthe
pumpandtheninsertitintothepulley,twistingit
clockwisetoseatitonthepumpbolts.
12.T orquethepumpboltsto68N∙m(50ft-lb).
2.Shutofftheengineandremovethekey.
g015382
3.Pullbackthetractioncontrolsothatthefrontof
thecontrolcontactsthereferencebar(Figure
51).
Figure51
1.Frontofthecontrol(outof
alignment)
4.Ifthefrontofthetractioncontroldoesnotrest
squareandushwiththereferencebar,loosen
thenutandboltinthestemofthetractioncontrol
(Figure52).
2.Referencebar
g004190
13.Installthebottomshield.
37

Figure52
g004191
1.Tractioncontrol
2.Stem,bolt,andnut
5.Adjustthetractioncontrolsothatitrestsush
againstthereferencebarwhenitispulled
straightback(Figure52andFigure53).
Figure53
6.Tightentheangenutandboltinthetraction
controlstem.
7.Starttheengine.
8.Drivethemachineinreversewiththetraction
controltighttothereferencebar.Ifthemachine
doesnotbackupstraight,completethefollowing
procedure:
A.Shutofftheengine
B.Liftandsupportthemachinesothatboth
tracksareoffthegroundandarefreetorun.
C.Loosentheangenutandboltinthestem
ofthetractioncontrol(Figure52).
D.Loosenthejamnutsonthetractionrods,
underthecontrolpanel(Figure54).
g011476
Figure54
1.Tractionrod2.Jamnut
E.Startthemachineandsetthethrottleto
aboutthe1/3openposition.
WARNING
Whenthemachineisrunning,you
g004192
couldbecaughtandinjuredin
movingpartsorburnedonhot
surfaces.
Stayawayfrompinchpoints,moving
parts,andhotsurfaceswhen
adjustingtherunningmachine.
F.Haveahelperholdthetractioncontroltight
tothereferencebarinreverse.
G.Adjustthelengthofthetractionrodsuntil
bothtracksarerunningatthesamespeed.
Note:Youcanalsoadjustthemaximum
reversespeedofthetracksatthistime.
H.Tightenthejamnuts.
I.Adjustthetractioncontrolsothatitrests
ushagainstthereferencebarwhenitis
pulledstraightback(Figure52andFigure
53).
J.Tightentheangenutandboltinthe
tractioncontrolstem.
K.Shutofftheengineandlowerthemachine
totheground.
L.Drivethemachineinfullreverse,checking
toseeifthemachinetracksstraight.Ifit
doesnot,notethedirectionthemachine
veers.Repeattheadjustmentsothatthe
machinetracksstraightinreverse.
38

AdjustingtheTraction-Control
NeutralPosition
Ifthemachinecreepsforwardorbackwardwhen
thetractioncontrolisinneutralandthemachineis
warm,youmayneedtoadjustthereturn-to-neutral
mechanismonthepumps;contactyourAuthorized
ServiceDealer.
AdjustingtheTraction-Control
ForwardPosition
Ifthemachinedoesnotdrivestraightwhenyouhold
thetractioncontrolforwardagainstthereferencebar,
completethefollowingprocedure:
1.Drivethemachinewiththetractioncontrol
againstthereferencebar,notingwhichdirection
themachineveers.
2.Releasethetractioncontrol.
HydraulicSystem
Maintenance
WARNING
Hydraulicuidescapingunderpressurecan
penetrateskinandcauseinjury.Fluidinjected
intotheskinmustbesurgicallyremoved
withinafewhoursbyadoctorfamiliarwith
thisformofinjuryorgangrenemayresult.
•Keepyourbodyandhandsawayfrom
pinholeleaksornozzlesthatejecthigh
pressurehydraulicuid.
•Usecardboardorpapertondhydraulic
leaks,neveruseyourhands.
HydraulicFluid
3.Ifthemachineveerstotheleft,loosentheright
jamnutandadjustthetrackingsetscrewonthe
frontofthetractioncontrol(Figure55).
4.Ifthemachineveerstotheright,loosentheleft
jamnutandadjustthetrackingsetscrewonthe
frontofthetractioncontrol(Figure55).
Figure55
1.Setscrew3.Stop
2.Jamnut
Specications
Every1,500hours/Every2years(whichever
comesrst)—Replaceallmovinghydraulic
hoses.
HydraulicTankCapacity:23L(6USgallons)
Useonly1ofthefollowinguidsinthehydraulic
system:
•ToroPremiumTransmission/HydraulicTractor
Fluid(refertoyourAuthorizedT oroDealerfor
moreinformation)
•ToroPremiumAllSeasonHydraulicFluid
(refertoyourAuthorizedToroDealerformore
information)
•IfeitheroftheaboveT orouidsarenotavailable,
youmayuseanotherUniversalTractor
HydraulicFluid(UTHF),buttheymustbeonly
conventional,petroleum-basedproducts.The
g004194
specicationsmustfallwithinthelistedrangefor
allthefollowingmaterialpropertiesandtheuid
shouldmeetthelistedindustrystandards.Check
withyourhydraulicuidsuppliertodetermineifthe
uidmeetsthesespecications.
5.Repeattheprocedureuntilthemachinedrives
straightinthefullforwardposition.
Important:Ensurethatthesetscrewstouch
thestopsinthefullforwardpositiontoavoid
overstrokingthehydraulicpumps.
Note:T orowillnotassumeresponsibilityfor
damagecausedbyimpropersubstitutions,souse
onlyproductsfromreputablemanufacturerswho
willstandbehindtheirrecommendations.
MaterialProperties
cStat40°C:55to62 Viscosity,ASTMD445
cStat100°C:9.1to9.8
Viscosityindex,ASTMD2270
PourPoint,ASTMD97-37to-43°C(-35to-46°F)
39
140to152

IndustryStandards
APIGL-4,AGCOPoweruid821XL,FordNewHolland
FNHA-2-C-201.00,KubotaUDT ,JohnDeereJ20C,Vickers
35VQ25andVolvoWB-101/BM
Note:Manyhydraulicuidsarealmostcolorless,
makingitdifculttospotleaks.Areddyeadditive
forthehydraulicsystemuidisavailablein20
ml(0.67oz)bottles.Onebottleissufcientfor
15to22L(4to6USgallons)ofhydraulicuid.
OrderPartNo.44-2500fromyourAuthorizedT oro
Dealer.
Checkingthe
Hydraulic-FluidLevel
1.Filler-neckcap
g007839
Figure57
2.Hydraulic-uidlter
ServiceInterval:Every25hours
RefertoHydraulicFluidSpecications(page39).
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engage
theparkingbrake(ifapplicable),andlowerthe
hydrauliclift.
2.Shutofftheengineandremovethekey.
3.Lookintotheglassbubbleontherightsideof
themachine.Ifyoucannotseehydraulicuidin
thebubble,continuethisproceduretoadduid.
Figure56
6.Ifthelevelislow,adduiduntilitisvisibleinthe
glassbubble.
7.Installthecapandlteronthellerneckand
torqueboltontopto13to15.5N∙m(110to140
in-lb).
8.Installthecoverplate;refertoRemovingthe
CoverPlate(page22).
ReplacingtheHydraulic
Filter
ServiceInterval:Every200hours
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engage
theparkingbrake(ifapplicable),andlowerthe
hydrauliclift.
2.Shutofftheengineandremovethekey.
3.Removethetopcover.
4.Removeanddiscardtheoldlter(Figure58).
g007808
1.Hydraulic-uidcheckbubble
4.Removethecoverplate;refertoRemovingthe
CoverPlate(page22).
5.Cleantheareaaroundthellerneckofthe
hydraulictankandremovethecapandlter
fromthellerneckusingasocket(Figure57).
g007839
Figure58
1.Fillercap
2.Hydrauliclter
40

5.Installthereplacementhydrauliclterandller
cap(Figure58)andtorquetheboltontopto13
to15.5N∙m(110to140in-lb).
6.Cleanupanyspilleduid.
7.Installthetopcover.
ChangingtheHydraulic
Fluid
ServiceInterval:Every400hours/Yearly(whichever
comesrst)
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engage
theparkingbrake(ifapplicable),andlowerthe
hydrauliclift.
2.Shutofftheengineandremovethekey.
3.Allowthemachinetocoolcompletely.
4.Removethetopcover.
5.Removethehydraulic-tankllercapandlter
(Figure58).
6.Placeadrainpancapableofholding37.8L(10
USGallons)underthehydraulictank.
7.Pinchthehoseclampandslidetheclampand
hoseoffthettingonthehydraulictank,allowing
thehydraulicuidtodrainfromthehoseand
tankintothepan.
g007840
Figure59
1.Hose
2.Hydraulic-tanktting
3.Hoseclamp
8.Whennished,installthehoseontothetting
andsecureitwiththehoseclamp.
Note:Disposeoftheusedoilatacertied
recyclingcenter.
9.Fillthehydraulictankwithhydraulicuid;refer
toHydraulicFluidSpecications(page39).
10.Installthehydrauliclterandllercap(Figure
58)andtorquetheboltontopto13to15.5N∙m
(110to140in-lb).
11.Starttheengineandletitrunforafewminutes.
12.Shutofftheengine.
13.Checkthehydraulic-uidlevelandtopitoffif
necessary;refertoCheckingtheHydraulic-Fluid
Level(page40).
14.Cleanupanyspilleduid.
15.Installthetopcover.
41

TrencherMaintenance
ReplacingtheDigging
Teeth
ServiceInterval:Beforeeachuseordaily—Check
theconditionofthediggingteeth
andreplaceanythatarewornor
damaged.
Duetothehighamountofwearplacedonthedigging
teeth,youwillneedtoreplacethemperiodically.
Toreplaceasingletooth,removetheboltssecuring
thetoothtoremoveit,theninstallanewtoothinthe
sameposition.T orquetheboltssecuringtheteethto
37to45N∙m(27to33ft-lb).
CheckingandAdjustingthe
DiggingChainandBoom
ServiceInterval:Every25hours
•Checkeachlinkinthechainforexcessivewear,
suchaslinksthatcannolongerholdteeth.
•Inspectthebottomoftheboomforwear.
•Withthetrencherparalleltotheground,ensure
thatthereare3.8to6.3cm(1-1/2to2-1/2inches)
betweenthebottomoftheboomandthetopofthe
bottomchainspan.Ifnot,adjustthechaintension.
Important:Donotovertightenthechain.
Excessivechaintensionmaydamagedrive
components.
Toreplaceawornchain,iporreplaceaworn
boom,oradjustthechaintension,usethefollowing
procedure:
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engagethe
parkingbrake,andlowerthehydrauliclift.
2.Shutofftheengineandremovethekey.
3.Ifyouarereplacingthechainorippingor
replacingtheboom,completethefollowing:
A.Removethe2boltsandnutssecuringthe
boomtothetrencherarm.
g007841
Figure60
1.Bolts
2.Jamnut
3.Adjustingbolt
B.Loosenthejamnutontheadjustingboltin
theboom.
C.Loosentheadjustingboltuntilyoucan
removethechainfromtheboom.
D.Removethechainfromthedrivesprocket.
E.Ifthechainneedsreplacing,removethe
boltandnutsecuringthespoilsaugerand
removetheaugerandchain.
F.Removetheboom,ipitoversothebottom
becomesthetop(orifyouhavealready
ippeditonce,replaceit),andinstallthe
boomagain.
G.Replacethenuts,bolts,andwashersto
securetheboom.
H.Ifyouareinstallinganewchain,connect
thelinksbypressingorhammeringthe
clevispinsuppliedwiththechainthrough
thelinks,thensecuretheclevispinwiththe
cotterpinsuppliedwiththechain.
Important:Toavoidbendingthechain
links,placeblocksunderandbetween
thelinkswhenhammeringtheclevispin
through.
I.Installthechainoverthedrivesprocketand
frontroller.
J.Ifyouremovedthespoilsauger,install
itusingtheboltandnutyouremoved
previously.Torquetheboltandnutto102
N∙m(75ft-lb).
K.Skiptostep6tocompletetheadjustment.
4.Loosenthe2boltsandnutssecuringtheboom
tothetrencherarm
5.Loosenthejamnutsecuringtheadjustmentbolt.
6.Turntheadjustmentboltinoroutasneededto
achievethedesiredtension.
42

7.Tightenthejamnut.
8.T orquethe2boltsandnutssecuringtheboom
to183to223N∙m(135to165ft-lb).
ReplacingtheDrive
12.Slidethenewsprocketontotheshaft(Figure
61).
Important:Thearrowonthesprocketface
shouldbevisiblefromtherightsideof
thetrenchandshouldpointinaclockwise
direction;ifnot,turnthesprocketaround.
Sprocket
Overtime,thedrivesprocketwears,especiallywhen
itisusedinsandyorclaysoils.Whenthishappens,
thediggingchainbeginstoslip.Ifthechainslips,
replacethedrivesprocketasfollows:
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engage
theparkingbrake
2.Raisethetrencherafewinchesabovethe
ground.
3.Shutofftheengineandremovethekey.
4.Removethespoilsauger(Figure61).
13.Threadthe6boltsintothesprocketngertight
(Figure61).
14.Slowlybegintighteningtheboltsprogressing
aroundthesprocketuntilallboltsaretorquedto
129to155N∙m(95to115ft-lb).
Important:Tighteneachboltonlyhalfway
rst,workingyourwayaroundthe6bolts,
thenreturntoeachboltinturnandtorque
them
15.Loopthechainovertheaugerdriveshaftand
ontothedrivesprocket,ensuringthattheteeth
pointforwardontheupperspan.
16.Settheupperspanofthechainintoplaceon
thetrencherboom,thenwrapthechainaround
therollerattheendoftheboom.
17.Threadtheadjustmentboltintotheboomand
turnitinuntilthereis3.8to6.3cm(1-1/2to2-1/2
inches)ofslackinthechainonthebottomspan.
18.Threadthejamnutdowntheadjustingboltand
tightenitsecurelyagainsttheboom.
19.T orquethe2boltsandnutssecuringtheboom
to183to223N∙m(135to165ft-lb).
Figure61
1.Spoilsauger
2.Bolts
3.Drivesprocket
4.Sprocketmountingsurface
5.Loosenthe2boltsandnutssecuringtheboom
tothetrencherarm.
6.Loosenthejamnutontheadjustingboltinthe
boom.
7.Loosentheadjustingboltuntilyoucanremove
thechainfromtheboom.
8.Removethechainfromthedrivesprocket.
9.Removethe6boltssecuringthedrivesprocket
(Figure61).
10.Removeanddiscardthedrivesprocket(Figure
61).
11.Cleanthesprocketmountingsurfaceonthe
trencher(Figure61).
20.Installthespoilsaugerusingtheboltandnut
g007842
youremovedpreviously.
Note:T orquetheboltandnutto102N∙m(75
ft-lb).
43

Cleaning
RemovingDebrisfromthe
Storage
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engagethe
parkingbrake,andlowerthehydrauliclift.
Machine
Important:Operatingtheenginewithblocked
screens,dirtyorpluggedcoolingns,and/or
coolingshroudsremovedwillresultinengine
damagefromoverheating.
1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,engage
theparkingbrake(ifapplicable),andlowerthe
hydrauliclift.
2.Shutofftheengine,removethekey ,andwait
fortheenginetocool.
3.Wipeawaydebrisfromtheaircleaner.
4.Cleananydebrisbuildupontheenginewitha
brushorblower.
Important:Itispreferabletoblowdirt
out,ratherthanwashingitout.Ifyouuse
water,keepitawayfromelectricalitemsand
hydraulicvalves.Donotuseahigh-pressure
washer.High-pressurewashingcandamage
theelectricalsystemandhydraulicvalvesor
depletegrease.
5.Cleandebrisfromtheoilcooler.
2.Shutofftheengine,removethekey ,andwait
fortheenginetocool.
3.Removedirtandgrimefromtheexternalpartsof
theentiremachine,especiallytheengine.Clean
dirtandchafffromtheoutsideoftheengine
cylinderheadnsandblowerhousing.
Important:Youcanwashthemachinewith
milddetergentandwater.Donotpressure
washthemachine.Avoidexcessiveuse
ofwater,especiallynearthecontrolpanel,
engine,hydraulicpumps,andmotors.
4.Servicetheaircleaner;refertoServicingtheAir
Cleaner(page25).
5.Greasethemachine;refertoGreasingthe
Machine(page23).
6.Changethecrankcaseoil;refertoChangingthe
EngineOil(page28).
7.Removethesparkplugandcheckthecondition
ofit;refertoServicingtheSparkPlug(page29).
8.Forstorageover30days,preparethemachine
asfollows:
A.Addapetroleum-based
stabilizer/conditionertofuelinthe
tank.Followthemixinginstructionsfrom
thestabilizermanufacturer.Donotuse
analcohol-basedstabilizer(ethanolor
methanol).
Note:Afuelstabilizer/conditionerismost
effectivewhenitismixedwithfreshfueland
isusedatalltimes.
B.Runtheenginetodistributeconditionedfuel
throughthefuelsystemfor5minutes.
C.Shutofftheengine,allowittocool,and
drainthefueltankusingapumptype
syphon.
D.Starttheengineandrunituntilitshutsoff.
E.Engagethechoke.
F.Startandruntheengineuntilitdoesnot
startagain.
G.Disposeoffuelproperly.Recycleaccording
tolocalcodes.
Important:Donotstorefuelcontaining
stabilizer/conditionerlongerthanthe
durationrecommendedbythefuel-stabilizer
manufacturer.
44

9.Withthesparkplugremovedfromtheengine,
pour2tablespoonsofengineoilintothe
spark-plughole.
10.Placearagoverthespark-plugholetocatch
anyoilspray,thenusethestarterorrecoil
handletocranktheengineanddistributetheoil
insidethecylinder.
11.Installthesparkplug,butdonotinstallthewire
onthesparkplug.
12.Chargethebattery(electric-startmachines
only);refertoChargingtheBattery(page32).
13.Checkandadjustthetracktension;referto
CheckingandAdjustingtheTrackTension(page
35).
14.Checkandadjustthediggingchaintension;
refertoCheckingandAdjustingtheDigging
ChainandBoom(page42).
15.Checkandtightenallfasteners.Repairor
replaceanypartthatisdamaged.
16.Paintallscratchedorbaremetalsurfaceswith
paintavailablefromyourAuthorizedService
Dealer.
17.Storethemachineinaclean,drygarageor
storagearea.Removethekeyfromtheignition
switchandkeepitinamemorableplace.
18.Coverthemachinetoprotectitandkeepitclean.
45

Troubleshooting
Problem
Thestarterdoesnotcrank(electric-start
machinesonly).
Theenginedoesnotstart,startshard,or
failstokeeprunning.
Theenginelosespower.
PossibleCauseCorrectiveAction
1.Thebatteryisdischarged.
2.Theelectricalconnectionsare
corrodedorloose.
3.Therelayorswitchisdamaged.
1.Thefueltankisempty.1.Fillthetankwithfreshfuel.
2.Thefuel-shutoffvalveisclosed.2.Openthefuel-shutoffvalve.
3.Thecontrolsarenotinneutral.3.Movethecontrolstoneutral.
4.Thechokeisnoton.
5.Theaircleanerisdirty.
6.Thespark-plugwireislooseor
disconnected.
7.Thesparkplugispitted,fouled,orthe
gapisincorrect.
8.Dirt,water,orstalefuelisinfuel
system.
1.Theengineloadisexcessive.1.Reducethegroundspeed.
2.Theaircleanerisdirty.
3.Theoillevelincrankcaseislow.
4.Thecoolingnsandairpassages
undertheengineblowerhousingare
plugged.
5.Thesparkplugispitted,fouled,orthe
gapisincorrect.
6.Dirt,water,orstalefuelisinfuel
system.
1.Chargethebatteryorreplaceit.
2.Checktheelectricalconnectionsfor
goodcontact.
3.ContactyourAuthorizedService
Dealer.
4.Movethechokeleverfullyforward.
5.Cleanorreplacetheair-cleaner
elements.
6.Installthewireonthesparkplug.
7.Installanew,correctlygappedspark
plug.
8.ContactyourAuthorizedService
Dealer.
2.Cleanorreplacetheair-cleaner
elements.
3.Checkandaddoiltothecrankcase.
4.Removeanyobstructionsfromthe
coolingnsandairpassages.
5.Installanew,correctlygappedspark
plug.
6.ContactyourAuthorizedService
Dealer.
Theengineoverheats.
Thereisabnormalvibration.1.Theenginemountingboltsareloose.1.Tightentheenginemountingbolts.
Themachinedoesnotdrive.
Thechaindoesnotturn.
1.Theengineloadisexcessive.1.Reducethegroundspeed.
2.Theoillevelincrankcaseislow.
3.Thecoolingnsandairpassages
undertheengineblowerhousingare
plugged.
1.Theparkingbrakeisengaged.1.Disengagetheparkingbrake.
2.Thehydraulic-uidlevelislow.2.Checkandaddhydraulicuid.
3.Thetowvalvesareopen.
4.Thehydraulicsystemisdamaged.
1.Sandordebrishasbuiltupinatooth
rootofthedrivesprocket.
2.Thediggingchainistootight.2.Adjustthediggingchaintension.
Thetrencherboomendbearinghas
3.
failed.
4.Thetrencherdrivesystemisdamaged.
Thehydraulicsystemisobstructed,
5.
contaminated,ordamaged.
2.Checkandaddoiltothecrankcase.
3.Removeanyobstructionsfromthe
coolingnsandairpassages.
3.Closethetowvalves.
4.ContactyourAuthorizedService
Dealer.
1.Runthechainbackwardandthen
reducethechaintension.
3.ContactyourAuthorizedService
Dealer.
4.ContactyourAuthorizedService
Dealer.
5.
ContactyourAuthorizedService
Dealer.
46

Problem
PossibleCauseCorrectiveAction
Thetrencherdoesnotdigfastenough.
1.Thediggingteethareworn.1.Replacethediggingteeth.
2.Thechainyouareusingisnot
appropriateforthetypeofground.
3.Thehydraulicsystemisoverheated.
4.Thehydraulicsystemisobstructed,
contaminated,ordamaged.
2.Evaluatethegroundtypeandchange
chainsifnecessary .
3.Shutdownandallowthesystemto
cool.
4.ContactyourAuthorizedService
Dealer.
47

Schematics
ElectricalSchematic—Model22972(Rev.A)
48
g015383

ElectricalSchematic—Model22973(Rev.A)
49
g015384

ElectricalSchematic—Model22974(Rev.A)
g015439
50

HydraulicSchematic(Rev .C)
51
g028603

Notes:

Notes:

Notes:

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Youmayseeaproductforsalethathasawarninglabellikethefollowing:
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WhatisProp65?
Prop65appliestoanycompanyoperatinginCalifornia,sellingproductsinCalifornia,ormanufacturingproductsthatmaybesoldinorbroughtinto
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