Toro 22970, 22971, 22970G, 22971G Operator's Manual

FormNo.3362-759RevB

TRX-15,TRX-19,andTRX-26
Trencher

ModelNo.22970—SerialNo.310000001andUp

ModelNo.22970G—SerialNo.310000001andUp

ModelNo.22971—SerialNo.310000001andUp

ModelNo.22971G—SerialNo.310000001andUp

ModelNo.22974—SerialNo.310000001andUp

ToregisteryourproductordownloadanOperator'sManualorPartsCatalogatnocharge,gotowww.T oro.com.OriginalInstructions(EN)

Thismachineisdesignedtodigtrenchesinsoiltobury

G007797

1

cablingandpipingforvariousapplications.Itisnot
intendedtocutrock,wood,oranyothermaterialother
thansoil.

Warning

Introduction

Readthisinformationcarefullytolearnhowtooperate
andmaintainyourproductproperlyandtoavoidinjury
andproductdamage.Youareresponsibleforoperating
theproductproperlyandsafely.

CALIFORNIA

Proposition65Warning

Theengineexhaustfromthisproduct

containschemicalsknowntotheStateof

Californiatocausecancer,birthdefects,

orotherreproductiveharm.

Theremaybeburiedpower,gas,and/or
telephonelinesintheworkarea.Shockor
explosionmayoccurifyoudigintothem.

Havethepropertyorworkareamarkedfor
buriedlinesanddonotdiginmarkedareas.
Contactyourlocalmarkingserviceorutility
companytohavethepropertymarked(for
example,intheUnitedStates,call811forthe
nationwidemarkingservice).

ThissparkignitionsystemcomplieswithCanadian
ICES-002.

Important:Thisengineisnotequippedwitha
sparkarrestermufer.ItisaviolationofCalifornia
PublicResourceCodeSection4442touseoroperate
theengineonanyforest-covered,brush-covered,or
grass-coveredland.Otherstatesorfederalareas
mayhavesimilarlaws.

YoumaycontactTorodirectlyatwww .T oro.comfor
productandaccessoryinformation,helpndinga
dealer,ortoregisteryourproduct.

Wheneveryouneedservice,genuineToroparts,or
additionalinformation,contactanAuthorizedService
DealerorToroCustomerServiceandhavethemodel
andserialnumbersofyourproductready.Figure1
illustratesthelocationofthemodelandserialnumbers
ontheproduct.Writethenumbersinthespace
provided.

Figure1

1.Modelandserialnumberplate

ModelNo.

SerialNo.

Theenclosed

Engine Owner’ s Man ual

forinformationregardingtheUSEnvironmental
ProtectionAgency(EPA)andtheCalifornia
EmissionControlRegulationofemissionsystems,
maintenance,andwarranty.Replacementsmaybe
orderedthroughtheenginemanufacturer.

issupplied

Thismanualidentiespotentialhazardsandhas
safetymessagesidentiedbythesafetyalertsymbol
(Figure2),whichsignalsahazardthatmaycauseserious
injuryordeathifyoudonotfollowtherecommended
precautions.

ThisproductcomplieswithallrelevantEuropean
directives,fordetailspleaseseetheseparateproduct
specicDeclarationofConformity(DOC)sheet.

1.Safetyalertsymbol

Figure2

Thismanualuses2otherwordstohighlightinformation.
Importantcallsattentiontospecialmechanical
informationandNoteemphasizesgeneralinformation
worthyofspecialattention.

©2009—TheT oro®Company
8111LyndaleAvenueSouth
Bloomington,MN55420

2

Contactusatwww.Toro.com.

PrintedintheUSA.

AllRightsReserved

Contents

Introduction.................................................................2

Safety...........................................................................4

SafeOperatingPractices.......................................4

SoundPressure.....................................................6

SoundPower........................................................6

Vibration..............................................................6

SlopeIndicator.....................................................8

SafetyandInstructionalDecals.............................9

Setup..........................................................................12

1InstallingtheBoomandChain.........................12

2CheckingFluidLevels......................................13

3ChargingtheBattery(ElectricStartModels

Only)..............................................................13

ProductOverview......................................................13

Controls.............................................................13

Specications.....................................................16

Attachments/Accessories...................................16

Operation...................................................................16

AddingFuel.......................................................16

CheckingtheEngineOilLevel............................17

CheckingtheHydraulicFluidLevel.....................18

StartingandStoppingtheEngine........................19

StoppingtheMachine.........................................20

MovingaNon-functioningMachine...................20

DiggingaTrench................................................20

SecuringtheMachineforTransport....................20

LiftingtheMachine............................................21

OperatingTips...................................................21

Maintenance...............................................................22

RecommendedMaintenanceSchedule(s)................22

PremaintenanceProcedures....................................23

RemovingtheCoverPlate...................................23

InstallingtheCoverPlate....................................23

RemovingtheBottomShield..............................23

InstallingtheBottomShield................................23

Lubrication.............................................................24

GreasingtheMachine.........................................24

GreasingtheTrencherHousing..........................24

EngineMaintenance...............................................25

ServicingtheAirCleaner(Models22970and

22971)............................................................25

ServicingtheAirCleaner(Model22974)..............26

ServicingtheEngineOil.....................................27

ServicingtheSparkPlug.....................................28

FuelSystemMaintenance.......................................30

DrainingtheFuelTank.......................................30

ReplacingtheFuelFilter.....................................30

ElectricalSystemMaintenance................................31

ServicingtheBattery(Models22971and

22974)............................................................31

ReplacingtheFuses(Models22971and

22974)............................................................33

DriveSystemMaintenance.....................................34

ServicingtheTracks............................................34

BeltMaintenance....................................................36

ReplacingthePumpDriveBelt...........................36

ControlsSystemMaintenance.................................37

AdjustingtheTractionControl

Alignment......................................................37

AdjustingtheTractionControlNeutral

Position..........................................................38

AdjustingtheTrackingoftheTraction

Control,FullForwardPosition........................38

HydraulicSystemMaintenance...............................39

ReplacingtheHydraulicFilter.............................39

ChangingtheHydraulicFluid.............................39

CheckingtheHydraulicLines.............................40

TrencherMaintenance............................................40

ReplacingtheDiggingTeeth...............................40

CheckingandAdjustingtheDiggingChain

andBoom......................................................40

ReplacingtheDriveSprocket..............................41

Cleaning.................................................................42

RemovingDebrisfromtheMachine....................42

Storage.......................................................................43

Troubleshooting.........................................................44

Schematics.................................................................46

3

Safety

Improperuseormaintenancebytheoperator
orownercanresultininjury.Toreducethe
potentialforinjury,complywiththesesafety
instructionsandalwayspayattentiontothesafety
alertsymbol,whichmeans:

Danger

complywiththeinstructionmayresultinpersonal
injuryordeath.

—personalsafetyinstruction.Failureto

Caution

SafeOperatingPractices

Thisproductiscapableofamputatinghandsandfeet.
Alwaysfollowallsafetyinstructionstoavoidserious
injuryordeath.

,

W ar ning

•Inspecttheareawheretheequipmentistobeused
andremoveallobjectssuchasrocks,toys,andwire
whichcanbethrownbythemachine.

•Useextracarewhenhandlinggasolineandother
fuels.Theyareammableandvaporsareexplosive.

,or

–Useonlyanapprovedcontainer

–Neverremovethegascaporaddfuelwiththe

enginerunning.Allowtheenginetocoolbefore
refueling.Donotsmoke.

–Neverrefuelordrainthemachineindoors.

•Checkthattheoperatorpresencecontrols,safety
switches,andshieldsareattachedandfunctioning
properly.Donotoperateunlesstheyarefunctioning
properly.

Operation

Engineexhaustcontainscarbonmonoxide,an
odorless,deadlypoisonthatcankillyou.

Donotruntheengineindoorsorinanenclosed
area.

Training

•ReadtheOperator’sManualandothertraining
material.Iftheoperator(s)ormechanic(s)can
notreadEnglish,itistheowner’sresponsibilityto
explainthismaterialtothem.

•Becomefamiliarwiththesafeoperationofthe
equipment,operatorcontrols,andsafetysigns.

•Alloperatorsandmechanicsshouldbetrained.The
ownerisresponsiblefortrainingtheusers.

•Neverletchildrenoruntrainedpeopleoperateor
servicetheequipment.Localregulationsmayrestrict
theageoftheoperator.

•Theowner/usercanpreventandisresponsiblefor
accidentsorinjuriesoccurringtohimselforherself,
otherpeopleorproperty.

Preparation

•Evaluatetheterraintodeterminewhataccessories
andattachmentsareneededtoproperlyand
safelyperformthejob.Onlyuseaccessoriesand
attachmentsapprovedbythemanufacturer.

•Wearappropriateclothingincludinghardhat,
safetyglasses,longpants,safetyshoes,andhearing
protection.Longhair,looseclothingorjewelrymay
gettangledinmovingparts.

•Neverrunanengineinanenclosedarea.

•Onlyoperateingoodlight,keepingawayfromholes
andhiddenhazards.

•Besurealldrivesareinneutralandtheparkingbrake
isengagedbeforestartingtheengine.Onlystartthe
enginefromtheoperator’sposition.

•Slowdownanduseextracareonhillsides.Besure
totravelintherecommendeddirectiononhillsides.
Turfconditionscanaffectthemachine’sstability.

•Slowdownandusecautionwhenmakingturnsand
whenchangingdirectionsonslopes.

•Neveroperatewiththeguardsnotsecurelyinplace.
Besureallinterlocksareattached,adjustedproperly,
andfunctioningproperly.

•Donotchangetheenginegovernorsettingor
overspeedtheengine.

•Stoponlevelground,lowertheboom,disengage
thetrencherhydraulics,engagetheparkingbrake,
andshutofftheenginebeforeleavingtheoperator’ s
positionforanyreason.

•Keephandsandfeetawayfromthemovingchain,
diggingteeth,andspoilsauger.

•Lookbehindanddownbeforebackinguptobesure
ofaclearpath.

•Nevercarrypassengersandkeeppetsandbystanders
away.

•Slowdownandusecautionwhenmakingturnsand
crossingroadsandsidewalks.

•Donotoperatethemachineundertheinuenceof
alcoholordrugs.

4

•Usecarewhenloadingorunloadingthemachine
intoatrailerortruck.

•Usecarewhenapproachingblindcorners,shrubs,
trees,orotherobjectsthatmayobscurevision.

•Ensurethattheareaisclearofotherpeoplebefore
operatingthemachine.Stopthemachineifanyone
entersthearea.

•Neverleavearunningmachineunattended.Always
lowertheboom,stoptheengine,settheparking
brake,andremovethekeybeforeleaving.

•Neverjerkthecontrols;useasteadymotion.

•Watchfortrafcwhenoperatingnearorcrossing
roadways.

•Removeobstaclessuchasrocks,treelimbs,etc.
fromtheworkarea.Watchforholes,ruts,orbumps,
asuneventerraincouldoverturnthemachine.Tall
grasscanhideobstacles.

•UseonlyToro-approvedaccessories.Accessoriescan
changethestabilityandtheoperatingcharacteristics
ofthemachine.Warrantymaybevoidedifusedwith
unapprovedaccessories.

•Keepallmovementsonslopesslowandgradual.Do
notmakesuddenchangesinspeedordirection.

•Avoidstartingorstoppingonaslope.Ifthemachine
losestraction,proceedslowly,straightdownthe
slope.

•Donottouchpartswhichmaybehotfrom
operation.Allowthemtocoolbeforeattemptingto
maintain,adjust,orservice.

•Ensurethatyouoperatethemachineinareaswhere
therearenoobstaclesincloseproximitytothe
operator.Failuretomaintainadequatedistancefrom
trees,walls,andotherbarriersmayresultininjury
asthemachinebacksupduringoperationifthe
operatorisnotattentivetothesurroundings.Only
operatetheunitinareaswherethereissufcient
clearancefortheoperatortosafelymaneuverthe
product.

•Beforedigging,havetheareamarkedfor
undergroundutilities,anddonotdiginmarkedareas.

•Locatethepinchpointareasmarkedonthemachine
andkeephandsandfeetawayfromtheseareas.

•Lightningcancausesevereinjuryordeath.If
lightningisseenorthunderisheardinthearea,do
notoperatethemachine;seekshelter.

SlopeOperation

Slopesareamajorfactorrelatedtoloss-of-controland
tip-overaccidents,whichcanresultinsevereinjuryor
death.Allslopesrequireextracaution.

•Donotoperatethemachineonhillsidesorslopes
exceedingtheanglesrecommendedinthefollowing
table.

ModelFrontFacing

22970

22971

22974

Uphill

15°14°19°

13°14°19°

11°11°16°

Note:Seealsothe,page.

•Operateupanddownslopeswiththefrontend

ofthemachineuphill.

RearFacing

Uphill

SideFacing

Uphill

•Avoidturningonslopes.Ifyoumustturn,turn
slowlyandkeeptheheavyendofthemachineuphill.

•Donotoperateneardrop-offs,ditches,or
embankments.Themachinecouldsuddenlyturn
overifatrackgoesovertheedgeofaclifforditch,
orifanedgecavesin.

•Donotoperateonwetgrass.Reducedtractioncould
causesliding.

•Donotparkthemachineonahillsideorslope
withoutloweringtheboomtotheground,setting
theparkingbrake,andchockingthetracks.

MaintenanceandStorage

•Disengagethetrencherhydraulics,lowertheboom,
settheparkingbrake,stoptheengine,andremove
thekey .Waitforallmovementtostopbefore
adjusting,cleaning,orrepairing.

•Cleandebrisfromthechain,diggingteeth,boom,
trencherhead,drives,mufers,andenginetohelp
preventres.Cleanupoilorfuelspillage.

•Lettheenginecoolbeforestoringanddonotstore
nearame.

•Donotstorefuelnearamesordrainindoors.

•Parkthemachineonlevelground.Neverallow
untrainedpersonneltoservicethemachine.

•Usejackstandstosupportcomponentswhen
required.

•Carefullyreleasepressurefromcomponentswith
storedenergy.

•Disconnectthebattery(electricstartmodelsonly)
orremovethesparkplugwiresbeforemaking
anyrepairs.Disconnectthenegativeterminalrst
andthepositivelast.Reconnectpositiverstand
negativelast.

5

•Keephandsandfeetawayfrommovingparts.If
possible,donotmakeadjustmentswiththeengine
running.

•Keepallpartsingoodworkingconditionandall
hardwaretightened.Replaceallwornordamaged
decals.

•Keepnutsandboltstight.Keepequipmentingood
condition.

•Nevertamperwithsafetydevices.

•Keepthemachinefreeofgrass,leaves,orother
debrisbuild-up.Cleanupoilorfuelspillage.Allow
themachinetocoolbeforestoring.

•Useextracarewhenhandlinggasolineandother
fuels.Theyareammableandvaporsareexplosive.

–Useonlyanapprovedcontainer.
–Neverremovethegascaporaddfuelwhen

theengineisrunning.Allowtheenginetocool

beforerefueling.Donotsmoke.
–Neverrefuelthemachineindoors.
–Neverstorethemachineorfuelcontainerinside

wherethereisanopename,suchasneara

waterheaterorfurnace.
–Neverllacontainerwhileitisinsideavehicle,

trunk,pick-upbed,oranysurfaceotherthanthe

ground.
–Keepcontainernozzleincontactwiththetank

duringlling.

•Stopandinspecttheequipmentifyoustrikean
object.Makeanynecessaryrepairsbeforerestarting.

•UseonlygenuineT ororeplacementpartstoensure
thatoriginalstandardsaremaintained.

•Batterysafety(electricstartmodelsonly):

–Chargebatteriesinanopen,wellventilated

area,awayfromsparkandames.Unplugthe
chargerbeforeconnectingordisconnectingit
fromthebattery.Wearprotectiveclothingand
useinsulatedtools.

–Batteryacidispoisonousandcancauseburns.

Avoidcontactwithskin,eyes,andclothing.
Protectyourface,eyes,andclothingwhen
workingwithabattery.

–Batterygasescanexplode.Keepcigarettes,

sparksandamesawayfromthebattery.

•Keepyourbodyandhandsawayfrompinhole
leaksornozzlesthatejecthighpressurehydraulic
uid.Usecardboardorpapertondhydraulic
leaks;neveruseyourhands.Hydraulicuidescaping
underpressurecanpenetrateskinandcauseinjury
requiringsurgerywithinafewhoursbyaqualied
surgeonorgangrenemayresult.

SoundPressure

Model22970and22971

Thisunithasasoundpressurelevelattheoperator’s
earof91dBA,whichincludesanUncertaintyValue(K)
of1.0dBA.

Soundpressurelevelwasdeterminedaccordingtothe
proceduresoutlinedinENISO11201.

Model22974

Thisunithasasoundpressurelevelattheoperator’s
earof92dBA,whichincludesanUncertaintyValue(K)
of1.0dBA.

Soundpressurelevelwasdeterminedaccordingtothe
proceduresoutlinedinENISO11201.

SoundPower

Model22970and22971

Thisunithasaguaranteedsoundpowerlevelof105
dBA,whichincludesanUncertaintyValue(K)of3.75
dBA.

Soundpowerlevelwasdeterminedaccordingtothe
proceduresoutlinedinENISO3744.

Model22974

Thisunithasaguaranteedsoundpowerlevelof107
dBA,whichincludesanUncertaintyValue(K)of3.75
dBA.

Soundpowerlevelwasdeterminedaccordingtothe
proceduresoutlinedinENISO3744.

Vibration

Model22970and22971

Measuredvibrationlevelforrighthand=2.5m/s

Measuredvibrationlevelforlefthand=2.5m/s

UncertaintyValue(K)=1.25m/s

Measuredvaluesweredeterminedaccordingtothe
proceduresoutlinedinENISO20643.

2

Model22974

Measuredvibrationlevelforrighthand=1.8m/s

Measuredvibrationlevelforlefthand=2.0m/s

UncertaintyValue(K)=1.00m/s

2

2

2

2

2

6

Measuredvaluesweredeterminedaccordingtothe
proceduresoutlinedinENISO20643.

7

SlopeIndicator

8

SafetyandInstructionalDecals

Safetydecalsandinstructionsareeasilyvisibletotheoperatorandarelocatednearanyareaof
potentialdanger.Replaceanydecalthatisdamagedorlost.

115-1230

1.Warning—donotoperatethismachineunlessyouaretrained.

2.Engine—stop

3.Engine—run

4.Trencherchain—reverse

5.Trencherchain—forward

6.Trencherchain—off

7.Enginethrottle

8.Fast

9.Slow

10.Choke

11.On/Closed

12.Off/Open

13.ReadtheOperator’sManualbeforestartingtheengine;tostarttheengine,movethetrenchercontrolleverintotheOffposition,

placethetractioncontrolinNeutral,movetheenginespeedtoFastandthechoketoOn/Closed,turntheignitionkeytorun,
andreleasetheparkingbrakeoncetheenginehasstarted.

14.ReadtheOperator’sManualbeforeoperatingthetrencher;tooperatethetrencher ,lowertheboom,movethetrenchercontrol

levertothereferencebar,pullthetractioncontrolrearwardtomoveinreverseanddigthetrench.

9

115-1231

1.Cutting/dismembermenthazardofbystanders,
trencher—keepbystandersasafedistancefromthemachine;
donotoperatethetrencherchainwhiletransportingthe
machine.

2.Explosionhazard,fueling—stoptheengineandextinguish
allameswhenfueling.

3.Tipping/crushinghazard—lowerthetrencherheadwhen
operatingonslopes.

4.Warning—stayawayfrommovingparts;waitforallmoving
partstostop

5.Warning—lowertheboom,engagetheparkingbrakeand
stoptheengine,removetheignitionkey ,beforeleavingthe
machine.

6.Explosionhazard;shockhazard—donotusemachinenear
buriedutilitylines;contacttheproperagenciesbeforedigging.

7.Boomelevation

8.Lowertheboom

9.Raisetheboom

99-9952

1.Cuttinghazard,chainandauger—stayawayfrommovingpartsandkeepbystandersawayfromthemachine.

2.Warning—stoptheengineandremovethekeybeforepreformingandmaintenanceorrepairs.

3.Explosionand/orelectricshockhazard—donotdiginareaswithburiedgasorpowerlines.

10

115-4020

1.Turnright3.Reverse

2.Forward

107-8495

1.Parkingbrake

4.Turnleft

93-7814

1.Entanglementhazard,belt—stayawayfrommovingparts.

93-6686

1.Hydraulicoil

2.ReadtheOperator’sManual.

93-9084

1.Liftpoint

2.Tie-downpoint

BatterySymbols

Someorallofthesesymbolsareonyourbattery(electric

startmodelsonly)

1.Explosionhazard

2.Nore,opename,or
smoking.

3.Causticliquid/chemical
burnhazard

4.Weareyeprotection9.Flusheyesimmediately

5.ReadtheOperator’s

Manual.

6.Keepbystandersasafe
distancefromthebattery .

7.Weareyeprotection;
explosivegasescan
causeblindnessandother
injuries

8.Batteryacidcancause
blindnessorsevereburns.

withwaterandgetmedical
helpfast.

10.Containslead;donot
discard.

100-4650

1.Crushinghazardofhand—keepbystandersasafedistance
fromthemachine.

2.Crushinghazardoffoot—keepbystandersasafedistance
fromthemachine.

11

Setup

LooseParts

Usethechartbelowtoverifythatallpartshavebeenshipped.

ProcedureDescription

Boom(soldseparately)

1
2

3

Chain(soldseparately)

Nopartsrequired

Nopartsrequired

1

InstallingtheBoomandChain

Partsneededforthisprocedure:

1

Boom(soldseparately)

1

Chain(soldseparately)

Procedure

Important:Thereareseveralboomandchainsize

congurationsavailable.RefertoyouAuthorized
ServiceDealertoobtaintheappropriateboomand
chaintomeetyourrequirements.

1.Stoptheengineandremovethekey.

Qty.

1
1

–

–

1.Spoilsauger

2.Boom7.Jamnut

3.Bolts8.Armonthedrivehead

4.Doublewasher9.Drivesprocket

5.Nuts

Installtheboomandchain.

Checktheuidlevels.

Chargethebattery .

Figure3

Use

6.Adjustingbolt

2.Removethebolt,2saddlewashers,andnutsecuring
thespoilsaugerandremovetheauger(Figure3).
Savethefastenersforfutureuse.

3.Removethe2bolts,nuts,anddoublewashersfrom
thesidesoftheboom(Figure3).

4.Loosentheadjustingboltandjamnut(Figure3).

5.Slidetheboomoverthearmonthedrivehead.

6.Installthe2bolts,nuts,anddoublewashersremoved
instep3throughtheboomandarm,butdonot
tightenthem.

7.Ifthechainisnotconnected,connectthelinksby
pressingorhammeringtheclevispinsuppliedwith
thechainthroughthelinks.

Important:T oavoidbendingthechainlinks,
placeblocksunderandbetweenthelinkswhen
hammeringtheclevispinthrough.

8.Securetheclevispinwiththecotterpinsupplied
withthechain.

12

9.Loopthediggingchainovertheaugerdriveshaftand

G007801

5

6

783

4

1

2

ontothedrivesprocket,ensuringthatthedigging
teethpointforwardontheupperspan.

10.Settheupperspanofthechainintoplaceonthe
trencherboom,thenwrapthechainaroundthe
rollerattheendoftheboom.

11.Threadtheadjustmentboltintotheboomandturn
itinuntilthereis1-1/2to2-1/2inches(3.8to6.3
cm)ofslackinthechainonthebottomspan.

12.Threadthejamnutdowntheadjustingboltand
tightenitsecurelyagainsttheboom.

ProductOverview

13.Torquethe2boltsandnutssecuringtheboomto
135to165ft-lb(183to223N-m).

14.Installthespoilsaugerusingthebolt,2saddle
washer,andnutyouremovedpreviously.

15.Torquetheboltandnutto75ft-lb(101N-m).

2

CheckingFluidLevels

NoPartsRequired

Procedure

Beforestartingtheengineforthersttime,checkthe
engineoilandhydraulicuidlevels;refertoOperation
formoreinformation.

Figure4

1.Control
panel

2.Engine

3.Spoils
auger

4.Chain
guard

5.Chain

6.Digging
teeth

7.Boom10.Reverse

8.Trencher
head

9.Track

Controls

Becomefamiliarwithallthecontrols(Figure5)before
youstarttheengineandoperatethemachine.

safety
plate

3

ChargingtheBattery(Electric
StartModelsOnly)

NoPartsRequired

Procedure

Chargethebattery;refertoServicingtheBatteryin
Maintenanceformoreinformation.

Figure5

1.Tractioncontrol5.Throttlelever

2.Boomelevationlever

3.Trenchercontrollever7.Keyswitch

4.Referencebar8.Hourmeter(optional

6.Chokelever

KeySwitch,Model22970

Thekeyswitchhas2positions:offandrun.

Tostarttheengine,rotatethekeytotherunposition,
thenpulltherecoilhandleontheengine.

Tostoptheengine,rotatethekeytotheoffposition.

13

accessoryonmodel

22970)

KeySwitch,ElectricStartModels

G008131

Thekeyswitchhasthreepositions:off,run,andstart.

Tostarttheengine,rotatethekeytothestartposition.
Releasethekeywhenenginestartsanditwillmove
automaticallytotherunposition.

Tostoptheengine,rotatethekeytotheoffposition.

ThrottleLever

•Tomoveforward,movethetractioncontrolforward
(Figure7).

Movethecontrolforwardtoincreasetheenginespeed
andrearwardtodecreasespeed.

ChokeLever

Beforestartingacoldengine,movethechokelever
forward.Aftertheenginestarts,regulatethechoketo
keeptheenginerunningsmoothly.Assoonaspossible,
movethechokeleverallthewayrearward.

Note:Awarmenginerequireslittleornochoking.

HourMeter

Whentheengineisoff,thehourmeterdisplaysthe
numberofhoursofoperationthathavebeenlogged
onthemachine.

Note:Thehourmeterisanoptionalaccessoryon
model22970.

ReferenceBar

Figure7

•Tomoverearward,movethetractioncontrol
rearward(Figure8).Whenreversing,lookbehind

forobstructionsandkeepyourhandsonthe
referencebar(Figure6).

Figure8

•Toturnright,rotatethetractioncontrolclockwise
(Figure9).

Whendrivingthemachine,usethereferencebarasa
handleandaleveragepointforcontrollingthetraction
controlandthetrenchercontrollever.Toensure
smooth,controlledoperation,donottakebothhands
offofthereferencebarwhileoperatingthemachine.

TractionControl

Figure6

1.Referencebar(doesnotmovetogiveyouareferencepoint
andaxedhandletoholdwhileoperatingthetractionunit)

2.Tractioncontrol(movestocontrolthemachine)

Figure9

•Toturnleft,rotatethetractioncontrol
counterclockwise(Figure10).

14

G008132

Figure10

•Tostop,releasethetractioncontrol(Figure6).

Note:Thefartheryoumovethetractioncontrolin
anydirection,thefasterthemachinewillmoveinthat
direction.

BoomElevationLever

Tolowertheboom,slowlymovetheleverforward
(Figure11).

Toraisetheboom,slowlymovetheleverrearward
(Figure11).

Figure11

1.Lowertheboom2.Raisetheboom

Figure12

1.Boomelevationlever2.Boomelevationlock

TrencherControlLever

Todigwiththetrencher,rotatetheleverrearwardand
pullitdowntothereferencebar(Figure13,number1).

Toreversethetrencherhead,rotatetheleverrearward,
thenmoveitleftintotheupperslot(Figure13,number

2).

Ifyoureleasethelever,itwillautomaticallyreturnto
theneutralposition(Figure13,number3),stoppingthe
chain.

BoomElevationLock

Theboomelevationlocksecurestheboomelevation
leversothatyoucannotpushitforward.Thishelpsto
ensurethatnoonewillaccidentallylowertheboom
duringmaintenance.Securetheboomwiththelock
anytimeyouneedtostopthemachinewiththeboom
raised.

Tosetthelock,liftuponitsoitclearstheholeinthe
controlpanelandswingittotherightinfrontofthe
boomelevationlever,pushingitdownintothelocked
position(Figure12).

Figure13

1.Forward3.Neutral

2.Reverse

15

ParkingBrakeLever

G007804

1

•Tosettheparkingbrake,pullthebrakelever
rearwardandup(Figure14).

•Toreleasethebrake,pulltheleverrearwardandthen
down(Figure14).

Figure14

1.Parkingbrakelever(inthereleasedposition)

Specications

Note:Specicationsanddesignaresubjecttochange

withoutnotice.

Operation

Note:Determinetheleftandrightsidesofthe

machinefromthenormaloperatingposition.

Important:Beforeoperating,checkthefueland
oillevel,andremovedebrisfromthemachine.
Also,ensurethattheareaisclearofpeopleand
debris.Youshouldalsoknowandhavemarkedthe
locationsofallutilitylines.

AddingFuel

Useunleadedgasoline(87pumpoctaneminimum).
Leaded,regulargasolinemaybeusedifunleadedisnot
available.

Incertainconditions,gasolineisextremely
ammableandhighlyexplosive.Areor
explosionfromgasolinecanburnyouand
othersandcandamageproperty.

•Fillthefueltankoutdoors,inanopenarea,
whentheengineiscold.Wipeupany
gasolinethatspills.

Width

Length,with24inch(70
cm)boom

Length,with36inch(91.4
cm)boom

Length,with48inch(122
cm)boom(model22974
only)

Height

Weight(model22970)*1100lb(499Kg)

Weight(model22971)*1185lb(538Kg)

Weight(model22974)*1208lb(578Kg)

*A36inch(91.4cm)boomandchainwilladdabout60lbtothelistedweight.

33.8inches(86cm)

82.5inches(209.5cm)

92.6inches(235cm)

11 1.2inches(282.5cm)

46inches(117cm)

Attachments/Accessories

AselectionofToroapprovedattachmentsand
accessoriesareavailableforusewiththemachineto
enhanceandexpanditscapabilities.Contactyour
AuthorizedServiceDealerorDistributororgoto
www.Toro.comforalistofallapprovedattachments
andaccessories.

•Neverllthefueltankinsideanenclosed
trailer.

•Donotllthefueltankcompletelyfull.Add
gasolinetothefueltankuntilthelevelis1/4
to1/2inch(6to13mm)belowthebottomof
thellerneck.Thisemptyspaceinthetank
allowsgasolinetoexpand.

•Neversmokewhenhandlinggasoline,and
stayawayfromanopenameorwhere
gasolinefumesmaybeignitedbyaspark.

•Storegasolineinanapprovedcontainerand
keepitoutofthereachofchildren.Never
buymorethana30-daysupplyofgasoline.

•Donotoperatewithoutentireexhaust
systeminplaceandinproperworking
condition.

16

Incertainconditionsduringfueling,static

G007806

1

electricitycanbereleasedcausingaspark
whichcanignitethegasolinevapors.Are
orexplosionfromgasolinecanburnyouand
othersandcandamageproperty.

•Alwaysplacegasolinecontainersonthe
groundawayfromyourvehiclebeforelling.

•Donotllgasolinecontainersinsidea
vehicleoronatruckortrailerbedbecause
interiorcarpetsorplastictruckbedliners
mayinsulatethecontainerandslowtheloss
ofanystaticcharge.

•Whenpractical,removegas-powered
equipmentfromthetruckortrailerand
refueltheequipmentwithitswheelsonthe
ground.

•Ifthisisnotpossible,thenrefuelsuch
equipmentonatruckortrailerfroma
portablecontainer,ratherthanfroma
gasolinedispensernozzle.

chanceofvarnishdepositsinthefuelsystem,usefuel
stabilizeratalltimes.

FillingtheFuelTank

1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,lowerthe
boom,andstoptheengine.

2.Removethekeyandallowtheenginetocool.

3.Cleanaroundthefueltankcapandremoveit
(Figure15).

Figure15

1.Fueltankcap

•Ifagasolinedispensernozzlemustbeused,
keepthenozzleincontactwiththerimof
thefueltankorcontaineropeningatall
timesuntilfuelingiscomplete.

Important:Donotusemethanol,gasoline
containingmethanol,orgasoholcontainingmore
than10%ethanolbecausethefuelsystemcouldbe
damaged.Donotmixoilwithgasoline.

UsingStabilizer/Conditioner

Useafuelstabilizer/conditionerinthemachineto
providethefollowingbenets:

•Keepsgasolinefreshduringstorageof90daysor
less.Forlongerstorageitisrecommendedthatthe
fueltankbedrained.

•Cleanstheenginewhileitruns

•Eliminatesgum-likevarnishbuildupinthefuel
system,whichcauseshardstarting

4.Addunleadedgasolinetothefueltank,untilthe
levelis1/4to1/2inchbelowthebottomofthe
llerneck.

Important:Thisspaceinthetankallows
gasolinetoexpand.Donotllthefueltank
completelyfull.

5.Installthefueltankcapsecurely.

6.Wipeupanygasolinethatmayhavespilled.

CheckingtheEngineOilLevel

ServiceInterval:Beforeeachuseordaily

1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,lowerthe
boom,andstoptheengine.

2.Removethekeyandallowtheenginetocool.

3.Cleanaroundtheoildipstick(Figure16).

Important:Donotusefueladditivescontaining
methanolorethanol.

Addthecorrectamountofgasstabilizer/conditioner
tothegas.

Note:Afuelstabilizer/conditionerismosteffective
whenmixedwithfreshgasoline.Tominimizethe

17

Figure16

G007808

1

1.Oilllerhole

2.Oildipstick

3.Fullmark

4.Addmark

4.Removethedipstickandwipetheendclean
(Figure16).

5.Slidethedipstickfullyintothedipsticktubewithout
threadingitintothellerneck(Figure16).

6.Pullthedipstickoutandlookattheend.The
oilshouldbebetweentheAddandFullmarks
(Figure16).

7.IftheoilisbelowtheAddmark,add10w30engine
oiltothellerhole,checkingthelevelfrequently
withthedipstick,untiltheoillevelreachestheFull
mark.

8.Replacethedipstick.

CheckingtheHydraulicFluid
Level

Figure17

1.Hydraulicuidcheckbubble

4.Removethecoverplate;refertoRemovingthe
CoverPlate.

5.Cleantheareaaroundthellerneckofthehydraulic
tankandremovethecapandlterfromtheller
neckusingasocket(Figure18).

ServiceInterval:Every25hours

HydraulicTankCapacity:6USgallons(23l)

Use10W-30or15W -40detergent,dieselengineoil(API
serviceCH-4orhigher).

1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurfaceandlowerthe
boom.

2.Stoptheengine,removethekey ,andallowthe
enginetocool.

3.Lookintotheglassbubbleontherightsideofthe
machine.Ifyoucannotseehydraulicuidinthe
bubble,continuethisproceduretoadduid.

Figure18

1.Fillerneckcap

2.Hydraulicuidlter

6.Ifthelevelislow ,adduiduntilitisvisibleinthe
glassbubble.

7.Installthecapandlteronthellerneckandtorque
boltontopto110to140inch-lb(13to15.5N-m).

18

StartingandStoppingthe

G007809

1

2

3

G007810

1

Engine

periodbetweenattempts.Failuretofollow
theseinstructionscanburnoutthestarter
motor.

StartingtheEngine

1.MovethethrottlelevermidwaybetweenSlowand
Fastpositions(Figure19).

Figure19

1.Throttlelever3.Key

2.Chokelever

2.MovethechokelevertotheOnposition(Figure19).

Note:Awarmorhotenginemaynotrequire
choking.

3.Starttheengineasfollowsforyourmodel:

•Formodel22970,turnthekeytotheOn
positionthenpulltherecoilhandletostartthe
engine(Figure20).

4.GraduallymovethechokelevertotheOffposition
(Figure19).Iftheenginestallsorhesitates,engage
thechokeagainuntiltheenginewarmsup.

5.Movethethrottlelevertothedesiredsetting
(Figure19).

Important:Iftheengineisrunathighspeeds
whenthehydraulicsystemiscold(i.e.,when
theambientairtemperatureisnearfreezingor
lower),hydraulicsystemdamagecouldoccur.
Whenstartingtheengineincoldconditions,
allowtheenginetoruninthemiddlethrottle
positionfor2to5minutesbeforemovingthe
throttletofast(rabbit).

Note:Iftheoutdoortemperatureisbelow
freezing,storethemachineinagaragetokeepit
warmerandaidinstarting.

StoppingtheEngine

1.MovethethrottlelevertotheSlowposition
(Figure19).

2.Lowertheboom(Figure21).

Figure20

1.Recoilhandle

•Foranelectricstartmodel,turnthekeytothe
Onposition(Figure19).Whentheenginestarts,
releasethekey .

Important:Donotengagethestarterfor
morethan10secondsatatime.Iftheengine
failstostart,allowa30secondcool-down

Figure21

3.Turnthekeyoff(Figure19).

Note:Iftheenginehasbeenworkinghardor
ishot,letitidleforaminutebeforeturningthe
ignitionkeyoff.Thishelpscooltheenginebefore
itisstopped.Inanemergency,theenginemaybe
stoppedimmediately .

4.Removethekey.

19

StoppingtheMachine

G007816

1

Tostopthemachine,releasethetractioncontrol,move
thethrottlelevertoslow(turtle),lowertheboomto
theground,andstoptheengine.Settheparkingbrake
andremovethekey.

Achildoruntrainedbystandercouldattemptto
operatethemachineandbeinjured.

Removethekeyfromtheswitchwhenleaving
themachine,evenifjustforafewseconds.

MovingaNon-functioning
Machine

Important:Donottoworpullthemachine

withoutrstopeningthetowvalves,orthe
hydraulicsystemwillbedamaged.

1.Stoptheengine.

2.Removethebottomshield.

3.Usingawrench,turnthetowvalvesonthehydraulic
pumpstwicecounter-clockwise(Figure22).

2.Pullthetrenchercontrollevertothereferencebar
toengagethetrencher.

3.Slowlylowertheboomandchainintotheground.

Note:Toachievethemaximumdepth,youmay
needtolowertheboomasfarintothegroundas
itwillgowiththechainrunning.Then,stopthe
chainandloweritfully.Startthechainagainand
resumeoperation.

4.Oncethetrencherboomisinthegroundata45
to60degreeangle,slowlymovethetractionunit
rearwardtoextendthetrench.

Note:Ifyoumovetoofast,thetrencherwillstall.
Ifitstalls,raiseitslightly,slowlydriveforward,or
reversethechaindirectionmomentarily .

5.Whennished,raisetheboomoutofthetrench,
thenstopthetrencher.

SecuringtheMachinefor
Transport

Whentransportingthemachineonatrailer,alwaysuse
thefollowingprocedure:

Important:Donotoperateordrivethemachine
onroadways.

Figure22

1.Towvalves

4.Installthebottomshieldandtowthemachineas
required.

5.Whenthemachinehasbeenrepaired,closethetow
valvesbeforeoperatingit.

DiggingaTrench

1.Stoptheengine.

2.Lowertheboom.

3.Securethemachinetothetrailerwithchainsor
strapsusingthetie-down/liftloopsatthefrontand
rearofthemachine(Figure23andFigure24).Refer
toyourlocalordinancesfortrailerandtie-down
requirements.

Figure23

1.Fronttie-downloop

1.Starttheengine,raisetheboom,setthethrottle
levertotheFastposition,andmovethemachine
overtheareatobetrenched.

20

1

G007818

Figure24

1.Reartie-downloops

LiftingtheMachine

Youcanliftthemachineusingthetie-down/liftloops
asliftpoints(Figure23andFigure24).

OperatingTips

•Cleantheareaoftrash,branchesandrocksbefore
trenchingtopreventequipmentdamage.

•Alwaysbegintrenchingwiththeslowestground
speedpossible.Increasespeedifconditionspermit.
Ifthechainspeedslowsdown,reducegroundspeed
tokeepthechainmovingatitsfastestrate.Donot
spinthetrackswhiletrenching.

•Alwaysusefullthrottle(maximumenginespeed)
whentrenching.

•Alwaystrenchbackwards(i.e.,inreverse).

•Trenchata45to60degreeangleforbestresults.

•Youwillbeabletodigatrenchfasterbycontrolling
thedepthwithperiodicadjustmentsoftheboom.

•Ifthetrencherbindsinthesoil,reversethechain
direction.Oncethechainisloose,changechain
directionsandcontinuetrenching.

•Ifyouneedthenishedtrenchtobecleanerthan
whatispossiblewiththetrencher,youcanpurchase
acrumberfromyourdealer.Thecrumbermounts
ontothetrencherheadandscrapesthetrenchclean
asyoudig.

•Toimprovethequalityoftrencheslessthan24inch
(60.9cm)deep,usea24inch(60.9cm)boom.

•Usethecorrectchainforthegroundconditions,as
listedinthefollowingtable:

SoilT ypeRecommendedChainType

SandySoilchain(re-congurewith

SandyLoam/Loam/Loamy
Clay

Wet,stickyclay

Hardsoils:dryclayand
compactedsoils

Rockysoil/gravel

extrateethforaddeddigging
speed;refertoyourAuthorized
ServiceDealer)

Soilchain

Soilchain

Combinationchain

Rockchain

21

Maintenance

Note:Determinetheleftandrightsidesofthemachinefromthenormaloperatingposition.

RecommendedMaintenanceSchedule(s)

MaintenanceService

Interval

Aftertherst8hours

Aftertherst50hours

Beforeeachuseordaily

Every25hours

Every40hours

Every50hours

Every100hours

MaintenanceProcedure

•Changetheengineoil.

•Checkandadjustthetracktension.

•Checktheengineoillevel.

•Greasethemachine.(Greaseimmediatelyaftereverywashing.)

•Checktheengineoillevel.

•Checktheconditionofandcleanthetracks.

•Checktheconditionofthediggingteethandreplaceanythatarewornordamaged.

•Removedebrisfromthemachine.

•Checkforloosefasteners.

•Checkthehydraulicuidlevel.

•Cleanthefoamaircleanerelement.(Models22970and22971)

•Checkthebatteryelectrolytelevel.

•Checkthediggingchainforexcessivewearandpropertension.

•Greasethetrencherhousing.

•Checkthepaperaircleanerelement.(Models22970and22971)

•Changetheengineoil.

•Checkthesparkplugs.

•Checkandadjustthetracktension.

•Checkthehydrauliclinesforleaks,loosettings,kinkedlines,loosemounting
supports,wear,weather,andchemicaldeteriorationandrepairifnecessary.

•Replacethepaperaircleanerelement.(Models22970and22971)

Every200hours

Every250hours

Every400hours

Every1,500hours

Yearlyorbeforestorage

Important:Refertoyour

•Changetheoillter.

•Replacethefuellter .

•Replacethehydrauliclter.

•Replacetheprimaryairlterandcheckthecondtionofthesafetylter(Model22974)

•Checkandgreasetheroadwheels.

•Changethehydraulicuid.

•Replaceallmovinghydraulichoses.

•Checkandadjustthetracktension.

•Checkandadjustthechaintension.

•T ouchupchippedpaint

Engine Operator’ s Man ual

foradditionalmaintenanceprocedures.

Ifyouleavethekeyintheignitionswitch,someonecouldaccidentlystarttheengineandseriously
injureyouorotherbystanders.

Removethekeyfromtheignitionanddisconnectthewirefromthesparkplugbeforeyoudoany
maintenance.Setthewireasidesothatitdoesnotaccidentallycontactthesparkplug.

22

Premaintenance
Procedures

Beforeopeninganyofthecovers,stoptheengine,
removethekey,andallowtheenginetocool.

Important:Thefastenersonthecoversofthis
machinearedesignedtoremainonthecoverafter
removal.Loosenallofthefastenersoneachcovera
fewturnssothatthecoverisloosebutstillattached,
thengobackandloosenthemuntilthecover
comesfree.Thiswillpreventyoufromaccidentally
strippingtheboltsfreeoftheretainers.

RemovingtheCoverPlate

1.Lowertheboom,stoptheengine,andremovethe
key.

Thereisabeltunderthecoverthatismoving
whenthemachineisrunningandcancatch
ngers,hands,loosehair,andclothing,causing
seriousinjury,amputation,ordeath.

Alwaysstoptheengineandwaitforallmoving
partstostopbeforeremovingthecover.

InstallingtheCoverPlate

1.Lowertheboom,stoptheengine,andremovethe
key.

2.Slidethecoverplateintoplaceandsecureitwiththe
threeboltsyouloosenedpreviously(Figure25).

RemovingtheBottomShield

1.Lowertheboom,stoptheengine,andremovethe
key.

2.Loosenthetwoboltssecuringthebottomshield
sequentiallyuntiltheshieldisfree(Figure26).

Figure26

1.Bottomshield3.Tabs

2.Bolts

3.Pulltheshieldbackandoutofthemachine.

2.Loosentheboltattherearofthecoverplate.

3.Loosenthethreeboltssecuringthecoverplatetothe
framesequentiallyuntilthecoverisfree(Figure25).

Figure25

1.Coverplate

4.Pullupontherearofthecoverplateuntilitclears
theengineandthenpullitoffofthemachine.

2.Bolts

InstallingtheBottomShield

1.Lowertheboom,stoptheengine,andremovethe
key.

2.Slidethebottomshieldintothemachinesothatit
restsonall4tabs(Figure26).

Note:Youmayneedtoliftuponthebottomshield
toensurethatitrestsonthefronttabs.

3.Securetheshieldwiththeboltsyouloosened
previously.

23

Lubrication

GreasingtheMachine

ServiceInterval:Beforeeachuseordaily(Grease

immediatelyaftereverywashing.)

GreaseType:General-purposegrease.

1.Lowertheboomandstoptheengine.Removethe
key.

2.Cleanthegreasettingswitharag.

3.Connectagreaseguntoeachtting(Figure27
throughFigure30).

4.Pumpgreaseintothettingsuntilgreasebeginsto
oozeoutofthebearings(approximately3pumps).

5.Wipeupanyexcessgrease.

Figure29

Figure27

Figure28

Figure30

GreasingtheTrencher
Housing

ServiceInterval:Every40hours

GreaseType:General-purposegrease.

1.Lowertheboomandstoptheengine.Removethe
key.

2.Cleanthetrencherhousinggreasettingwitharag
andconnectagreaseguntoit(Figure31).

24

Figure31

3.Pumpgreaseintothettinguntilgreasecomesout
ofthegreasevalvelocatednexttothetting.

EngineMaintenance

ServicingtheAirCleaner
(Models22970and22971)

ServiceInterval:Every25hours—Cleanthefoamair

cleanerelement.(Models22970and

22971)

Every50hours—Checkthepaperair
cleanerelement.(Models22970and

22971)

Every200hours/Yearly(whichever
comesrst)—Replacethepaperair
cleanerelement.(Models22970and

22971)

4.Wipeupanyexcessgrease.

Inspectthefoamandpaperelementsandreplacethem
iftheyaredamagedorexcessivelydirty.

Note:Servicetheaircleanermorefrequently(every
fewoperatinghours)iftheoperatingconditionsare
extremelydustyorsandy .

Important:Donotoilthefoamorpaperelement.

RemovingtheFoamandPaper
Elements

1.Lowertheboomandsettheparkingbrake.

2.Stoptheengine,removethekey,andwaitforall
movingpartstostopbeforeleavingtheoperating
position.

3.Cleanaroundtheaircleanertopreventdirt
fromgettingintotheengineandcausingdamage
(Figure32).

4.Unscrewthecoverknobandremovetheaircleaner
cover(Figure32).

5.Removethe2wingnutsandremovetheaircleaner
assembly(Figure32).

6.Carefullypullthefoamelementoffthepaper
element(Figure32).

25

2.Placetheaircleanerassemblyontotheaircleaner

G011475

1

2

3

4

5

baseandsecureitwiththe2wingnuts(Figure32).

3.Placetheaircleanercoverintopositionandtighten
thecoverknob(Figure32).

ServicingtheAirCleaner
(Model22974)

ServiceInterval:Every250hours

ServicingtheAirCleanerCoverand
Body

1.Stoptheengineandremovethekey.

2.Checktheaircleanerbodyfordamagewhichcould
causeanairleak.Checkthewholeintakesystem
forleaks,damage,orloosehoseclamps.Replaceor
repairanddamagedcomponents.

3.Releasethelatchesontheaircleanerandpulltheair
cleanercoveroffoftheaircleanerbody(Figure33).

Figure32

1.Engine4.Foamelement

2.Cover

3.Wingnut

5.Paperelement

6.Coverknob

CleaningtheFoamAirCleanerElement

1.Washthefoamelementinliquidsoapandwarm
water.Whentheelementisclean,rinseitthoroughly.

2.Drytheelementbysqueezingitinacleancloth.

Important:Replacethefoamelementifitis
tornorworn.

ServicingthePaperAirCleaner
Element

Donotcleanthepaperlter.Replaceitafter200
operatinghours(Figure32).Inspecttheelementfor
tears,anoilylm,ordamagetotherubberseal,and
replaceitifitisdamaged.

InstallingtheFoamandPaperElements

Important:Topreventenginedamage,always

operatetheenginewiththecompletefoamand
paperaircleanerassemblyinstalled.

1.Carefullyslidethefoamelementontothepaperair
cleanerelement(Figure32).

Important:Donotremovetheairltersyet.

Figure33

1.Airlterbody

2.Safetylter

3.Primarylter

4.Aircleanercover

5.Dustcap

4.Squeezethedustcapsidestoopenitandknockthe
dustout.

5.Cleantheinsideoftheaircleanercoverwith
compressedair.

ReplacingtheFilters

1.Gentlyslidetheprimarylteroutoftheaircleaner
body(Figure33).Avoidknockingthelterintothe
sideofthebody.

26

Important:Donotattempttocleantheprimary
lter.

2.Checktheconditionofthesafetylterwithout
removingit.Ifitisdirtyordamaged,replaceit.

Important:Neverattempttocleanthesafety
lter.

3.Inspectthenewlter(s)fordamagebylookinginto
thelterwhileshiningabrightlightontheoutside
ofthelter.Holesinthelterwillappearasbright
spots.Inspecttheelementfortears,anoilylm,or
damagetotherubberseal.Ifthelterisdamaged
donotuseit.

4.Ifyouarereplacingthesafetylter,carefullyslide
thenewlterintothelterbody(Figure33).

Figure34

Important:T opreventenginedamage,always

operatetheenginewithbothairltersandcover
installed.

5.Carefullyslidetheprimarylteroverthesafetylter
(Figure33).Ensurethatitisfullyseatedbypushing
ontheouterrimofthelterwhileinstallingit.

Important:Donotpressonthesoftinsidearea
ofthelter.

6.Installtheaircleanercoverwiththedustcaporiented
asshowninFigure33andsecurethelatches.

ServicingtheEngineOil

ServiceInterval:Aftertherst8hours—Changethe

engineoil.

Beforeeachuseordaily—Checkthe
engineoillevel.

Every100hours—Changetheengine
oil.

Every200hours—Changetheoil
lter.

Note:Changetheoilmorefrequentlywhenthe
operatingconditionsareextremelydustyorsandy.

OilType:Detergentoil(APIserviceSF,SG,SH,orSJ)

CheckingtheEngineOilLevel

1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface.

2.Lowertheboomandsettheparkingbrake.

3.Stoptheengine,removethekey,andwaitforall
movingpartstostopbeforeleavingtheoperating
position.

4.Cleanaroundtheoildipstick(Figure35)sothatdirt
cannotfallintothellerholeanddamagetheengine.

Figure35

1.Oildipstick

5.Unscrewtheoildipstickandwipetheendclean
(Figure35).

6.Slidetheoildipstickfullyintothellertube,butdo
notthreadontotube(Figure35).

2.Fillertube

CrankcaseCapacity:58ounces(1.7liter)withthelter
removed;51ounces(1.5liter)withoutthelterremoved

Viscosity:Refertothetable(Figure34).

7.Pullthedipstickoutandlookattheend.Iftheoil
levelislow ,slowlypouronlyenoughoilintotheller
tubetoraisetheleveltotheFullmark.

Important:Donotoverllthecrankcasewith
oilandruntheengine;enginedamagecan
result.

27

ChangingtheOil

1.Starttheengineandletitrunveminutes.This
warmstheoilsoitdrainsbetter.

2.Parkthemachinesothatthedrainsideisslightly
lowerthantheoppositesidetoensurethattheoil
drainscompletely .

3.Lowertheboomandsettheparkingbrake.

4.Stoptheengine,removethekey,andwaitforall
movingpartstostopbeforeleavingtheoperating
position.

5.Placeapanbelowthedrainhose.Rotatetheoildrain
valvetoallowoiltodrain(Figure36).

Figure37

1.Oillter

2.Adapter

3.Applyathincoatofnewoiltotherubbergasketon
thereplacementlter(Figure37).

4.Installthereplacementoilltertothelteradapter,
turntheoillterclockwiseuntiltherubbergasket
contactsthelteradapter,thentightenthelteran
additional3/4turn(Figure37).

5.Fillthecrankcasewiththepropertypeofnewoil;
refertoServicingtheEngineOil.

Figure36

Onmodel22974,theoildrainisontheoppositesideof

themachine.

1.Oildrainvalve2.Oildrainhose

6.Whenoilhasdrainedcompletely,closethedrain
valve.

7.Disposeoftheusedoilatarecyclingcenter

8.Slowlypourapproximately80%ofthespeciedoil
intothellertube(Figure35).

9.Checktheoillevel;refertoCheckingtheEngineOil
Level.

10.SlowlyaddtheadditionaloiltobringittotheFull
mark.

ChangingtheOilFilter

6.Runtheengineforabout3minutes,stoptheengine,
andcheckforoilleaksaroundtheoillteranddrain
valve.

7.Checktheengineoillevelandaddoilifneeded.

8.Wipeupanyspilledoil.

ServicingtheSparkPlug

ServiceInterval:Every100hours—Checkthespark

plugs.

Ensurethattheairgapbetweenthecenterandside
electrodesiscorrectbeforeinstallingthesparkplug.
Useasparkplugwrenchforremovingandinstallingthe
sparkplugandagappingtool/feelergaugetocheckand
adjusttheairgap.Installanewsparkplugifnecessary.

Type:

•Models22970and22971—Champion®RCJ8Yor
equivalent;AirGap:0.030inch(0.75mm)

•Model22974—NGKBPR4Esorequivalent;Air
Gap:0.030inch(0.75mm)

1.Draintheoilfromtheengine;refertoChangingthe
EngineOil.

2.Removetheoldlter(Figure37).

RemovingtheSparkPlug

1.Lowertheboomandsettheparkingbrake.

2.Stoptheengine,removethekey,andwaitforall
movingpartstostopbeforeleavingtheoperating
position.

3.Disconnectthewirefromthesparkplug(Figure38).

28

1

Figure38

1.Spark-plugwire/sparkplug

4.Cleanaroundthesparkplugtopreventdirtfrom
fallingintotheengineandpotentiallycausing
damage.

Note:Theheatshieldmayinterfereontheright
side;removeitifnecessaryandreplaceitwhen
nished.

Important:Alwaysreplacethesparkplugwhen
ithaswornelectrodes,anoilylmonit,orhas
cracksintheporcelain.

3.Checkthegapbetweenthecenterandsideelectrodes
(Figure39).Bendthesideelectrode(Figure39)if
thegapisnotcorrect.

InstallingtheSparkPlug

1.Installthesparkplugandthemetalwasher.Ensure
thattheairgapissetcorrectly.

2.Tightenthesparkplugto16ft-lb(22N-m).

3.Connectthewiretothesparkplug(Figure39).

5.Removethesparkplugandthemetalwasher.

CheckingtheSparkPlug

1.Lookatthecenterofthesparkplug(Figure39).
Ifyouseelightbrownorgrayontheinsulator,the
engineisoperatingproperly.Ablackcoatingonthe
insulatorusuallymeansthattheaircleanerisdirty.

2.Ifneeded,cleanthesparkplugwithawirebrushto
removecarbondeposits.

Figure39

1.Centerelectrodeinsulator3.Airgap(nottoscale)

2.Sideelectrode

29

FuelSystem
Maintenance

DrainingtheFuelTank

Note:Nowisthebesttimetoinstallanewfuellter

becausethefueltankisempty .RefertoReplacing
theFuelFilter.

7.Installthefuellineontothefuelshut-offvalve.Slide
thehoseclampclosetothevalvetosecurethefuel
line.

8.Wipeupanyspilledfuel.

Incertainconditions,gasolineisextremely
ammableandhighlyexplosive.Areor
explosionfromgasolinecanburnyouand
othersandcandamageproperty.

•Draingasolinefromthefueltankwhenthe
engineiscold.Dothisoutdoorsinanopen
area.Wipeupanygasolinethatspills.

•Neversmokewhendraininggasoline,and
stayawayfromanopenameorwherea
sparkmayignitethegasolinefumes.

1.Parkthemachineonalevelsurface,toensurethat
thefueltankdrainscompletely.

2.Lowertheboomandsettheparkingbrake.

3.Stoptheengine,removethekey,andwaitforall
movingpartstostopbeforeleavingtheoperating
position.

4.Turnthefuelshut-offvalvetotheclosedposition
(Figure40).

ReplacingtheFuelFilter

ServiceInterval:Every200hours

Neverinstalladirtylterifitisremovedfromthefuel
line.

Note:Notehowthefuellterisinstalledinorderto
installthenewltercorrectly.

Note:Wipeupanyspilledfuel.

1.Lowertheboomandsettheparkingbrake.

2.Stoptheengine,removethekey,andwaitforall
movingpartstostopbeforeleavingtheoperating
position.

3.Turnthefuelshut-offvalvetotheclosedposition
(Figure40).

4.Squeezetheendsofthehoseclampstogetherand
slidethemawayfromthelter(Figure41).

Figure40

1.Fuelshut-offvalve

5.Squeezetheendsofthehoseclampontheengine
sideoftheshut-offvalvetogetherandslideitupthe
fuellineawayfromvalve(Figure40).

6.Pullthefuellineoffthevalve(Figure40).Openthe
fuelshut-offvalveandallowthegasolinetodrain
intoagascanordrainpan.

Figure41

1.Hoseclamp3.Filter

2.Fuelline

5.Removethelterfromthefuellines.

6.Installanewlterandmovethehoseclampsclose
tothelter.

7.Turnthefuelshut-offvalvetotheopenposition
(Figure40).

8.Checkforfuelleaksandrepairifneeded.

9.Wipeupanyspilledfuel.

30

ElectricalSystem
Maintenance

ServicingtheBattery(Models
22971and22974)

ServiceInterval:Every25hours—Checkthebattery

electrolytelevel.

Alwayskeepthebatterycleanandfullycharged.Use
apapertoweltocleanthebatterycase.Ifthebattery
terminalsarecorroded,cleanthemwithasolutionof
fourpartswaterandonepartbakingsoda.Applyalight
coatingofgreasetothebatteryterminalstoprevent
corrosion.

Voltage:12Vwith280coldcrankingAmps@0degrees
F(-18degreesC).

Warning

CALIFORNIA

Proposition65Warning

Batteryposts,terminals,andrelated

accessoriescontainleadandleadcompounds,

chemicalsknowntotheStateofCalifornia

tocausecancerandreproductiveharm.

Washhandsafterhandling.

RemovingtheBattery

Batteryterminalsormetaltoolscouldshort
againstmetalmachinecomponentscausing
sparks.Sparkscancausethebatterygassesto
explode,resultinginpersonalinjury.

•Whenremovingorinstallingthebattery,do
notallowthebatteryterminalstotouchany
metalpartsofthemachine.

•Donotallowmetaltoolstoshortbetween
thebatteryterminalsandmetalpartsofthe
machine.

Incorrectbatterycableroutingcoulddamage
themachineandcablescausingsparks.Sparks
cancausethebatterygassestoexplode,
resultinginpersonalinjury.

•AlwaysDisconnectthenegative(black)
batterycablebeforedisconnectingthe
positive(red)cable.

•AlwaysReconnectthepositive(red)battery
cablebeforereconnectingthenegative
(black)cable.

Batteryelectrolytecontainssulfuricacidwhich
isadeadlypoisonandcausessevereburns.

Donotdrinkelectrolyteandavoidcontactwith
skin,eyesorclothing.Wearsafetyglassesto
shieldyoureyesandrubberglovestoprotect
yourhands.

1.Lowertheboomandsettheparkingbrake.

2.Stoptheengine,removethekey,andwaitforall
movingpartstostopbeforeleavingtheoperating
position.

3.Lifttheblackrubbercoveronthenegativecable.
Disconnectthenegativebatterycablefromthe
negative(-)batteryterminal(Figure42).

31

Figure42

1.Negativecable7.Positivecable

2.Nut(1/4inch)

3.Nut(5/16inch)

4.Bolt10.J-bolt

5.Rubbercover(red)

6.Rubbercover(black)

8.Batteryholddownplate

9.Washer

11.Battery

CheckingtheBatteryElectrolyteLevel

Batteryelectrolytecontainssulfuricacidwhich
isadeadlypoisonandcausessevereburns.

•Donotdrinkelectrolyteandavoidcontact
withskin,eyesorclothing.Wearsafety
glassestoshieldyoureyesandrubbergloves
toprotectyourhands.

•Fillthebatterywherecleanwaterisalways
availableforushingtheskin.

1.Lookatthesideofthebattery.Theelectrolytemust
beuptotheupperline(Figure43).Donotallowthe
electrolytetofallbelowtheLowerline(Figure43).

Figure43

1.Ventcaps3.Lowerline

2.Upperline

4.Slidetheredterminalbootoffthepositive(red)
batteryterminal.Thenremovethepositive(red)
batterycable(Figure42).

5.Removetheholddownplate,j-bolts,andlocknuts
securingthebattery(Figure42)andremovethe
battery.

InstallingtheBattery

1.Placethebatteryontothemachine(Figure42).

2.Securethebatterywiththeholddownplate,j-bolts,
andlocknuts.

3.First,installthepositive(red)batterycableto
positive(+)batteryterminalwithanut,washerand
bolt(Figure42).Slidetherubbercoveroverthepost.

4.Theninstallthenegativebatterycableandground
wiretothenegative(-)batteryterminalwithanut,
washerandbolt(Figure42).Slidetherubbercover
overthepost.

2.Iftheelectrolyteislow ,addtherequiredamountof
distilledwater;refertoAddingWatertotheBattery.

AddingWatertotheBattery

Thebesttimetoadddistilledwatertothebatteryisjust
beforeyouoperatethemachine.Thisletsthewatermix
thoroughlywiththeelectrolytesolution.

1.Removethebatteryfromthemachine;referto
RemovingtheBattery.

Important:Neverllthebatterywithdistilled
waterwhilethebatteryisinstalledinthe
machine.Electrolytecouldbespilledonother
partsandcausecorrosion.

2.Cleanthetopofthebatterywithapapertowel.

3.Removetheventcapsfromthebattery(Figure43).

4.Slowlypourdistilledwaterintoeachbatterycell
untiltheelectrolytelevelisuptotheUpperline
(Figure43)onthebatterycase.

Important:Donotoverllthebatterybecause
electrolyte(sulfuricacid)cancausesevere
corrosionanddamagetothechassis.

32

5.Waitvetotenminutesafterllingthebatterycells.
Adddistilledwater,ifnecessary,untiltheelectrolyte
levelisuptotheUpperline(Figure43)onthe
batterycase.

6.Installthebatteryventcaps.

ChargingtheBattery

Chargingthebatteryproducesgassesthatcan
explode.

Neversmokenearthebatteryandkeepsparks
andamesawayfrombattery.

Important:Alwayskeepthebatteryfullycharged
(1.265specicgravity).Thisisespeciallyimportant
topreventbatterydamagewhenthetemperatureis
below32°F(0°C).

1.Removethebatteryfromthechassis;referto
RemovingtheBattery.

2.Checktheelectrolytelevel;refertoCheckingthe
ElectrolyteLevel.

ReplacingtheFuses(Models
22971and22974)

Thereare4fusesintheelectricalsystem.Theyareunder
thecontrolpanelontheleftside(Figure45).

StartCircuit
ChargeCircuit
CoolerfanCircuit
Headlight(optional)

Figure45

1.Fuseblock

30amp
25amp
15amp
15amp

3.Makesurethellercapsareinstalledinbattery.
Connecta3to4ampbatterychargertothebattery
posts.Chargethebatteryatarateof3to4amperes
for4to8hours(12volts).Donotoverchargethe

battery.

4.Whenthebatteryisfullycharged,unplugthecharger
fromtheelectricaloutlet,thendisconnectthe
chargerleadsfromthebatteryposts(Figure44).

5.Installthebatteryontothemachineandconnectthe
batterycables,refertoInstallingtheBattery.

Note:Donotrunthemachinewiththebattery
disconnected,electricaldamagemayoccur.

1.PositiveBatteryPost

2.NegativeBatteryPost

Figure44

3.Red(+)ChargerLead

4.Black(-)ChargerLead

33

DriveSystem
Maintenance

ServicingtheTracks

CleaningtheTracks

ServiceInterval:Beforeeachuseordaily

Checkthetracksforexcessivewearandcleanthem
periodically.Ifthetracksareworn,replacethem.

1.Lowertheboomandsettheparkingbrake.

2.Stoptheengine,removethekey,andwaitforall
movingpartstostopbeforeleavingtheoperating
position.

3.Usingawaterhoseorpressurewasher,removedirt
fromeachtracksystem.

Important:Ensurethatyouusehigh-pressure
watertowashonlythetrackarea.Donotuse
ahigh-pressurewashertocleantherestofthe
machine.High-pressurewashingcandamagethe
electricalsystemandhydraulicvalvesordeplete
grease.

Important:Ensurethatyoufullycleantheroad
wheelsandthedrivesprocket(Figure46).

thedrivesprocket.Thetrackshouldexnomorethan
1/4to3/8inch(0.6to1cm).Ifitdoes,adjustthetrack
tensionusingthefollowingprocedure:

Figure47

1.Stopthemachineinonalevelsurfaceandsetthe
parkingbrake.

2.Stoptheengine,lowertheboom,removethekey,
andwaitforallmovingpartstostopbeforeleaving
theoperatingposition.

3.Loosenthejamnutonthetracktensioningboltand
theclampboltsonthetensionarm(Figure48).

Figure46

1.Roadwheels3.Track

2.Drivesprocket

CheckingandAdjustingtheTrack
Tension

ServiceInterval:Aftertherst50hours

Every100hours

Tocheckthetensionofeachtrack,place45lb(20.4kg)
onthetrackmidwaybetweenthefrontroadwheeland

Figure48

1.Tensioningbolt

2.Jamnut

4.Torquethetensioningboltto24to30ft-lb(32.5to
40N-m)totightenthetrack(Figure48).

5.Ensurethatthetrackdeectslessthan1/4to3/8
inch(0.6to1cm)when45lb(20.6kg)offorceis
appliedtothetrackspan.Adjustthetorqueonthe
tensioningboltasneeded.

6.Tightenthejamnut.

7.Tightentheclampboltsandtorqueto75ft-lb(102
N-m).

34

3.Clampbolts

ReplacingtheTracks

Whenthetracksarebadlyworn,replacethem.

1.Lowertheboomandsettheparkingbrake.

2.Stoptheengine,removethekey,andwaitforall
movingpartstostopbeforeleavingtheoperating
position.

3.Lift/supportthesideoftheunittobeworkedon
sothatthetrackis3to4inches(7.6to10cm)off
oftheground.

4.Backoutthetensioningboltandjamnut(Figure48).

5.Loosentheclampbolts(Figure48).

6.Pushthefrontroadwheelrearwardasfarasitwill
go(Figure49).

Figure50

1.Snapring4.Gasket

2.Cap

3.Bolt

5.Wheelwithbearings

8.Whenthetrackisoffoftheroadwheel,removeit
fromthemachine(Figure49).

9.Beginningatthedrivesprocket,coilthenewtrack
aroundthesprocket,ensuringthatthelugson
thetracktbetweenthespacersonthesprocket
(Figure49).

Figure49

7.Beginremovingthetrackatthetopofthefrontroad
wheel,peelingitoffofthewheelwhilerotatingthe
trackforwards.

Note:Youmayneedtoremovethefront,outside
roadwheel.T oremovethiswheel,removethesnap
ringandcapfromthecenteroftheroadwheel
(Figure50).Nextremovetheboltandgasketfrom
thecenterofthewheelandpullthewheeloffofthe
machine.

10.Pushthetrackunderandbetweentherearandcenter
roadwheels(Figure49).

11.Startingatthebottomofthefrontroadwheel,install
thetrackaroundthewheelbyrotatingthetrack
rearwardwhilepushingthelugsintothewheel.

12.Ifyouremovedthefront,outsideroadwheel,install
itatthistimeusingtheboltandgasketremoved
previously.Torquetheboltto75ft-lb(102N-m)
andthenclean,grease,andinstallthecapandsnap
ringasinstructionintheCheckingandGreasingthe
RoadWheelssection.

13.Installthetensioningboltandjamnut.

14.Torquethetensioningboltto24to30ft-lb(32.5to
40N-m)totightenthetrack.

15.Ensurethatthetrackdeectslessthan1/4to3/8
inch(0.6to1cm)when45lb(20.6kg)offorceis
appliedtothetrackspan.Adjustthetorqueonthe
tensioningboltasneeded.

16.Tightenthejamnut.

17.Tightentheclampboltsandtorqueto75ft-lb(102
N-m).

18.Lowerthemachinetotheground.

19.Repeatsteps3through18toreplacetheothertrack.

35

CheckingandGreasingtheRoad
Wheels

BeltMaintenance

ServiceInterval:Every250hours

1.Removethetracks;refertoReplacingtheTracks.

2.Removethesnapringandcapfromaroadwheel
(Figure51).

Figure51

1.Roadwheel

2.Roadwheelcap

3.Snapring

3.Checkthegreaseunderthecapandaroundthe
gasket(Figure51).Ifitisdirty,gritty,ordepleted,
cleanoutallofthegrease,replacethegasket,and
addnewgrease.

ReplacingthePumpDriveBelt

Ifthepumpdrivebeltbeginstosquealoriscracked,
worn,orfrayed,replaceit.ContactyouAuthorized
ServiceDealerforareplacementbelt.

1.Raisetheboomandsettheparkingbrake.

2.Stoptheengine,removethekey,andwaitforall
movingpartstostopbeforeleavingtheoperating
position.

3.Raisethebackofthemachineandsupportitonjack
stands.

4.Removethebottomshield;refertoRemovingthe
BottomShield.

5.Loosenthetwopumpbolts(Figure52).

4.Ensurethattheroadwheelturnssmoothlyonthe
bearing.Ifitisfrozen,contactyourAuthorized
ServiceDealertoreplacetheroadwheel.

5.Placethegreasedroadwheelcapoverthebolthead
(Figure51).

6.Securetheroadwheelcapwiththesnapring
(Figure51).

7.Repeatsteps2through6forall12roadwheels.

8.Installthetracks;refertoReplacingtheTracks.

Figure52

1.Pump3.Belt

2.Pumpbolts4.Idlerpulleyspring

6.Twistthepumpcounterclockwiseandallowitto
dropdownawayfromthepulley(Figure52).Ensure
thatthespidercouplerdropsdownwiththepump.

7.Usingaspringpuller(contactyourAuthorized
ServiceDealer)orstiffmetalhook,pulltheendof
theidlerpulleysprintoffofthespringbolttorelease
tensiononthebelt(Figure52).

8.Removethebelt.

9.Routeanewbeltaroundthepulleys.

10.Installtheidlerpulleyspringonthebolt.

11.Ensurethatthespidercouplerisinplaceonthe
pumpandtheninsertitintothepulley,twistingit
clockwisetoseatitonthepumpbolts.

12.Torquethepumpboltsto50ft-lb(68N-m).

13.Installthebottomshield.

36

ControlsSystem
Maintenance

Thefactoryadjuststhecontrolsbeforeshippingthe
machine.However,aftermanyhoursofuse,youmay
needtoadjustthetractioncontrolalignment,theneutral
positionofthetractioncontrol,andthetrackingofthe
tractioncontrolinthefullforwardposition.

Important:T oadjustthecontrolsproperly,
completeeachprocedureintheorderlisted.

AdjustingtheTractionControl
Alignment

Ifthetractioncontrolbardoesnotrestushand
squarewiththereferencebarwheninthefullbackward
position,immediatelycompletethefollowingprocedure:

1.Parkthemachineonaatsurfaceandlowerthe
boom.

2.Stoptheengineandremovethekey.

Figure54

1.Tractioncontrol

5.Adjustthetractioncontrolsothatitrestsush
againstthereferencebarwhenitispulledstraight
back(Figure54andFigure55).

2.Stem,boltandnut

3.Pullstraightbackonthetractioncontrolsothefront
ofthecontrolcontactsthereferencebar(Figure53).

Figure53

1.Frontofthecontrol,outof
alignment

4.Ifthefrontofthetractioncontroldoesnotrest
squareandushwiththereferencebar,loosenthe
angenutandboltinthestemofthetractioncontrol
(Figure54).

2.Referencebar

Figure55

6.Tightentheangenutandboltinthetraction
controlstem.

7.Starttheengine.

8.Drivethemachineinreversewiththetraction
controltighttothereferencebar.Ifthemachine
doesnotbackupstraight,completethefollowing
procedure:

A.Stoptheengine

B.Lift/supportthemachinesothatbothtracksare

offofthegroundandarefreetorun.

C.Loosentheangenutandboltinthestemofthe

tractioncontrol(Figure54).

D.Loosenthejamnutsonthetractionrods,under

thecontrolpanel(Figure56).

37

G011476

1

1

2

2

Figure56

1.Tractionrod2.Jamnut

E.Startthemachineandsetthethrottletoabout

1/3openposition.

AdjustingtheTractionControl
NeutralPosition

Ifthemachinecreepsforwardorbackwardwhenthe
tractioncontrolisinneutralandtheunitiswarm,the
return-to-neutralmechanismonthepumpsmayneed
tobeadjusted;contactyouAuthorizedServiceDealer
forrepairs.

AdjustingtheTrackingofthe
TractionControl,FullForward
Position

Ifthemachinedoesnotdrivestraightwhenyouhold
thetractioncontrolforwardagainstthereferencebar,
completethefollowingprocedure:

1.Drivethemachinewiththetractioncontrolagainst
thereferencebar,notingwhichdirectionthe
machineveers.

2.Releasethetractioncontrol.

Whenthemachineisrunning,youcouldbe
caughtandinjuredinmovingpartsorburned
onhotsurfaces.

Stayawayfrompinchpoints,movingparts,
andhotsurfaceswhenadjustingtherunning
machine.

F.Haveahelperholdthetractioncontroltightto

thereferencebarinreverse.

G.Adjustthelengthofthetractionrodsuntilboth

tracksarerunningatthesamespeed.

Note:Youcanalsoadjustthemaximumreverse
speedofthetracksatthistime.

H.Tightenthejamnuts.

I.Adjustthetractioncontrolsothatitrestsush

againstthereferencebarwhenitispulledstraight
back(Figure54andFigure55).

J.Tightentheangenutandboltinthetraction

controlstem.

K.Stoptheengineandlowerthemachinetothe

ground.

L.Drivethemachineinfullreverse,checkingto

seeiftheunittracksstraight.Ifitdoesnot,
notethedirectionthemachineveers.Repeatthe
adjustmentpreviouslydescribedsothatittracks
straightinreverse.

3.Ifthemachineveerstotheleft,loosentherightjam
nutandadjustthetrackingsetscrewonthefrontof
thetractioncontrol(Figure57).

4.Ifthemachineveerstotheright,loosentheleftjam
nutandadjustthetrackingsetscrewonthefrontof
thetractioncontrol(Figure57).

Figure57

1.Setscrew3.Stop

2.Jamnut

5.Repeatsteps1through4untilthemachinedrives
straightinthefullforwardposition.

Important:Ensurethetrackingsetscrews
touchthestopsinthefullforwardpositionto
avoidoverstrokingthehydraulicpumps.

38

HydraulicSystem
Maintenance

ReplacingtheHydraulicFilter

ServiceInterval:Every200hours

1.Positionmachineonalevelsurface.

2.Lowertheboomandsettheparkingbrake.

3.Stoptheengine,removethekey,andwaitforall
movingpartstostopbeforeleavingtheoperating
position.

4.Removethetopcover.

5.Removeanddiscardtheoldlter(Figure58).

7.Placeadrainpancapableofhold10USGallons
(37.8l)underthehydraulictank.

8.Pinchthehoseclampandslidetheclampandhose
offofthettingonthehydraulictank,allowingthe
hydraulicuidtodrainfromthehoseandtankinto
thepan.

Figure58

1.Fillercap

2.Hydrauliclter

6.Installthereplacementhydrauliclterandllercap
(Figure58)andtorqueboltontopto110to140
in-lb(13to15.5N-m).

7.Cleanupanyspilleduid.

8.Installthetopcover.

ChangingtheHydraulicFluid

ServiceInterval:Every400hours/Yearly(whichever

comesrst)

1.Positionthemachineonalevelsurface.

2.Lowertheboomandsettheparkingbrake.

3.Stoptheengine,removethekey,andwaitforall
movingpartstostopbeforeleavingtheoperating
position.

4.Allowthemachinetocoolcompletely.

5.Removethetopcover.

6.Removethehydraulictankllercapandlter
(Figure58).

Figure59

1.Hose

2.Hydraulictanktting

3.Hoseclamp

9.Whennished,installthehoseontothettingand
secureitwiththehoseclamp.

Note:Disposeoftheusedoilatacertiedrecycling
center.

10.Fillthehydraulictankwithapproximately6US
gallons(23l)of10W-30or15W -40detergent,diesel
engineoil(APIserviceCH-4orhigher);referto
CheckingHydraulicFluid.

11.Add8oz(236ml)ofAMSOIL
differentialadditiveoranequivalentdifferential
additivetothehydraulictank.

Note:AMSOILandSlip-Lockaretrademarksof
AMSOILInc.

12.Installthehydrauliclterandllercap(Figure58)
andtorqueboltontopto110to140in-lb(13to

15.5N-m).

13.Starttheengineandletitrunforafewminutes.

14.Stoptheengine.

®

Slip-Lock™

39

15.Checkthehydraulicuidlevelandtopitoffif
necessary;refertoCheckingHydraulicFluid.

TrencherMaintenance

16.Cleanupanyspilleduid.

17.Installthetopcover.

CheckingtheHydraulicLines

ServiceInterval:Every100hours—Checkthe

hydrauliclinesforleaks,loose
ttings,kinkedlines,loosemounting
supports,wear,weather,andchemical
deteriorationandrepairifnecessary.

Every1,500hours/Every2years
(whichevercomesrst)—Replaceall
movinghydraulichoses.

Hydraulicuidescapingunderpressurecan
penetrateskinandcauseinjury.Fluidinjected
intotheskinmustbesurgicallyremovedwithin
afewhoursbyadoctorfamiliarwiththisform
ofinjuryorgangrenemayresult.

•Keepyourbodyandhandsawayfrompin
holeleaksornozzlesthatejecthighpressure
hydraulicuid.

•Usecardboardorpapertondhydraulic
leaks,neveruseyourhands.

ReplacingtheDiggingTeeth

ServiceInterval:Beforeeachuseordaily—Checkthe

conditionofthediggingteethand
replaceanythatarewornordamaged.

Duetothehighamountofwearplacedonthedigging
teeth,youwillneedtoreplacethemperiodically.

Toreplaceasingletooth,removetheboltssecuringthe
toothtoremoveit,theninstallanewtoothinthesame
position.T orquetheboltssecuringtheteethto27to33
ft-lb(37to45N-m).

CheckingandAdjustingthe
DiggingChainandBoom

ServiceInterval:Every25hours

•Checkeachlinkinthechainforexcessivewear,such
aslinksthatwillnolongerholdteeth.

•Inspectthebottomoftheboomforwear

•Withthetrencherparalleltotheground,ensure
thatthereare1-1/2to2-1/2inches(3.8to6.3cm)
betweenthebottomoftheboomandthetopofthe
bottomchainspan.Ifnotadjustthechaintension.

Important:Donotovertightenthechain.
Excesschaintensionmaydamagedrive
components.

Toreplaceawornchain,iporreplaceawornboom,or
toadjustthechaintension,usethefollowingprocedure:

1.Toreplacethechainortoiporreplacetheboom,
completethefollowing:

A.Removethe2boltsandnutssecuringtheboom

tothetrencherarm

Figure60

1.Bolts

2.Jamnut

3.Adjustingbolt

40

B.Loosenthejamnutontheadjustingboltinthe

boom.

C.Loosentheadjustingboltuntilyoucanremove

thechainfromtheboom

D.Removethechainfromthedrivesprocket.

E.Ifthechainneedsreplacing,removetheboltand

nutsecuringthespoilsaugerandremovethe
augerandchain.

F.Removetheboom,ipitoversothebottom

becomesthetop(orifyouhavealreadyippedit
once,replaceit),andinstalltheboomagain.

G.Replacethenuts,bolts,andwasherssecuringthe

boom.

H.Ifinstallinganewchain,connectthelinksby

pressingorhammeringtheclevispinsupplied
withthechainthroughthelinks,thensecurethe
clevispinwiththecotterpinsuppliedwiththe
chain.

Figure61

1.Spoilsauger

2.Bolts

3.Drivesprocket

4.Sprocketmountingsurface

4.Loosenthe2boltsandnutssecuringtheboomto
thetrencherarm.

Important:Toavoidbendingthechain
links,placeblocksunderandbetween
thelinkswhenhammeringtheclevispin
through.

I.Installthechainoverthedrivesprocketandfront

roller.

J.Ifyouremovedthespoilsauger,installitusing

theboltandnutyouremovedpreviously.Torque
theboltandnutto75ft-lb(102N-m).

K.Skiptostep4tocompletetheadjustment.

2.Loosenthe2boltsandnutssecuringtheboomto
thetrencherarm

3.Loosenthejamnutsecuringtheadjustmentbolt.

4.Turntheadjustmentboltinoroutasneededto
achievethedesiredtension.

5.Tightenthejamnut.

6.Torquethe2boltsandnutssecuringtheboomto
135to165ft-lb(183to223N-m).

ReplacingtheDriveSprocket

Overtime,thedrivesprocketwillwear,especiallywhen
usedinsandyorclaysoils.Whenthishappens,the
diggingchainwillbegintoslip.Ifthechainslips,replace
thedrivesprocket,asfollows:

1.Raisethetrencherafewinchesabovetheground.

2.Stoptheengineandremovethekey.

3.Removethespoilsauger(Figure61).

5.Loosenthejamnutontheadjustingboltinthe
boom.

6.Loosentheadjustingboltuntilyoucanremovethe
chainfromtheboom.

7.Removethechainfromthedrivesprocket.

8.Removethesixboltssecuringthedrivesprocket
(Figure61).

9.Removeanddiscardthedrivesprocket(Figure61).

10.Cleanthesprocketmountingsurfaceonthetrencher
(Figure61).

11.Slidethenewsprocketontotheshaft(Figure61).

Important:Thearrowonthesprocketface
shouldbevisiblefromtherightsideofthe
trenchandshouldpointinaclockwisedirection;
ifnot,turnthesprocketaround.

12.Threadthesixboltsintothesprocketngertight
(Figure61).

13.Slowlybegintighteningtheboltsprogressingaround
thesprocketuntilallboltsaretorquedto95to115
ft-lb(129to155N-m).

Important:Tighteneachboltonlyhalfway
rst,workingyourwayaroundthesixbolts,
thenreturntoeachboltinturnandtorquethem

14.Loopthechainovertheaugerdriveshaftandonto
thedrivesprocket,ensuringthattheteethpoint
forwardontheupperspan.

15.Settheupperspanofthechainintoplaceonthe
trencherboom,thenwrapthechainaroundthe
rollerattheendoftheboom.

41

16.Threadtheadjustmentboltintotheboomandturn
itinuntilthereis1-1/2to2-1/2inches(3.8to6.3
cm)ofslackinthechainonthebottomspan.

17.Threadthejamnutdowntheadjustingboltand
tightenitsecurelyagainsttheboom.

18.Torquethe2boltsandnutssecuringtheboomto
135to165ft-lb(183to223N-m).

19.Installthespoilsaugerusingtheboltandnutyou
removedpreviously .Torquetheboltandnutto75
ft-lb(102N-m).

Cleaning

RemovingDebrisfromthe
Machine

Important:Operatingtheenginewithblocked

screens,dirtyorpluggedcoolingns,and/or
coolingshroudsremoved,willresultinengine
damagefromoverheating.

1.Lowertheboomandsettheparkingbrake.

2.Stoptheengine,removethekey,andwaitforall
movingpartstostopbeforeleavingtheoperating
position.

3.Wipeawaydebrisfromtheaircleaner.

4.Cleananydebrisbuild-upontheenginewithabrush
orblower.

Important:Itispreferabletoblowdirtout,
ratherthanwashingitout.Ifwaterisused,
keepitawayfromelectricalitemsandhydraulic
valves.Donotuseahigh-pressurewasher.
High-pressurewashingcandamagethe
electricalsystemandhydraulicvalvesordeplete
grease.

5.Cleandebrisfromtheoilcooler(models22971and

22974).

42

Storage

1.Lowertheboomandsettheparkingbrake.

2.Stoptheengine,removethekey,andwaitforall
movingpartstostopbeforeleavingtheoperating
position.

3.Removedirtandgrimefromtheexternalpartsof
theentiremachine,especiallytheengine.Cleandirt
andchafffromtheoutsideoftheenginecylinder
headnsandblowerhousing.

Important:Youcanwashthemachinewith
milddetergentandwater.Donotpressure
washthemachine.Avoidexcessiveuseof
water,especiallynearthecontrolpanel,engine,
hydraulicpumps,andmotors.

4.Servicetheaircleaner;refertoServicingtheAir
Cleaner.

5.Greasethemachine;refertoGreasingthemachine.

6.Changethecrankcaseoil;refertoChangingthe
EngineOil.

7.Removethesparkplugandchecktheconditionofit;
refertoServicingtheSparkPlug.

10.Placearagoverthesparkplugholetocatchanyoil
spray,thenusethestarterorrecoilhandletocrank
theengineanddistributetheoilinsidethecylinder.

11.Installthesparkplug,butdonotinstallthewireon
thesparkplug.

12.Chargethebattery(model22971and22974);refer
toServicingtheBattery.

13.Checkandadjustthetracktension;refertoAdjusting
theTrackTension.

14.Checkandadjustthediggingchaintension;refer
toCheckingandAdjustingtheDiggingChainand
Boom

15.Checkandtightenallbolts,nuts,andscrews.Repair
orreplaceanypartthatisdamaged.

16.Paintallscratchedorbaremetalsurfaces.Paintis
availablefromyourAuthorizedServiceDealer.

17.Storethemachineinaclean,drygarageorstorage
area.Removethekeyfromtheignitionswitchand
keepitinamemorableplace.

18.Coverthemachinetoprotectitandkeepitclean.

8.Forstorageover30days,preparethemachineas
follows:

A.Addapetroleumbasedstabilizer/conditioner

tofuelinthetank.Followmixinginstructions
fromstabilizermanufacturer.(1oz.perUS
gallon).Donotuseanalcoholbasedstabilizer

(ethanolormethanol).

Note:Fuelstabilizer/conditionerismost
effectivewhenmixedwithfreshgasolineand
usedatalltimes.

B.Runtheenginetodistributeconditionedfuel

throughthefuelsystem(5minutes).

C.Stoptheengine,allowittocoolanddrainthe

fueltankusingapumptypesyphon.

D.Restarttheengineandrunituntilitstops.

E.Choketheengine.

F.Startandruntheengineuntilitwillnotstart

again.

G.Disposeoffuelproperly.Recycleasperlocal

codes.

Important:Donotstorestabilizer/conditioned
gasolineover90days.

9.Withthesparkplugremovedfromtheengine,pour
twotablespoonsofengineoilintothesparkplug
hole.

43

Troubleshooting

Problem

Thestarterdoesnotcrank(models22971
and22974).

Theenginewillnotstart,startshard,or
failstokeeprunning.

Enginelosespower.

PossibleCauseCorrectiveAction

1.Thebatteryisdischarged.

2.Theelectricalconnectionsarecorroded
orloose.

3.Therelayorswitchisdamaged.

1.Thefueltankisempty .1.Fillthefueltankwithgasoline.

2.Thefuelshutoffvalveisclosed.2.Openthefuelshutoffvalve.

3.Thecontrolsarenotinneutral.3.Movethecontrolstoneutral.

4.Thechokeisnoton.

5.Theaircleanerisdirty .

6.Thesparkplugwireislooseor
disconnected.

7.Thesparkplugispitted,fouled,orthe
gapisincorrect.

8.Dirt,water,orstalefuelisinfuel
system.

1.Theengineloadisexcessive.1.Reducegroundspeed.

2.Theaircleanerisdirty .

3.Theoillevelincrankcaseislow.

4.Thecoolingnsandairpassages
undertheengineblowerhousingare
plugged.

5.Thesparkplugispitted,fouled,orthe
gapisincorrect.

6.Dirt,water,orstalefuelisinfuel
system.

1.Chargethebatteryorreplaceit.

2.Checktheelectricalconnectionsfor
goodcontact.

3.ContactyourAuthorizedService
Dealer.

4.Movethechokeleverfullyforward.

5.Cleanorreplacetheaircleaner
elements.

6.Installthewireonthesparkplug.

7.Installanew,correctlygappedspark
plug.

8.ContactyourAuthorizedService
Dealer.

2.Cleanorreplacetheaircleaner
elements.

3.Checkandaddoiltothecrankcase.

4.Removeanyobstructionsfromthe
coolingnsandairpassages.

5.Installanew,correctlygappedspark
plug.

6.ContactyourAuthorizedService
Dealer.

Theengineoverheats.

Abnormalvibration.1.Theenginemountingboltsareloose.1.Tightentheenginemountingbolts.

Themachinedoesnotdrive.

Thechaindoesnotturn

1.Theengineloadisexcessive.1.Reducegroundspeed.

2.Theoillevelincrankcaseislow.

3.Thecoolingnsandairpassages
undertheengineblowerhousingare
plugged.

1.Theparkingbrakeison.1.Releasetheparkingbrake.

2.Thehydraulicuidlevelislow.2.Checkandaddhydraulicuid.

3.Thetowvalvesareopen.

4.Thehydraulicsystemisdamaged.

1.Sandordebrishasbuiltupinatooth
rootofthedrivesprocket.

2.Thediggingchainistootight.2.Adjustthediggingchaintension.

3.Thetrencherboomendbearinghas
failed.

4.Thetrencherdrivesystemisdamaged.

5.Thehydraulicsystemisobstructed,
contaminated,ordamaged.

2.Checkandaddoiltothecrankcase.

3.Removeanyobstructionsfromthe
coolingnsandairpassages.

3.Closethetowvalves.

4.ContactyourAuthorizedService
Dealer.

1.Runthechainbackwardsandthen
reducethechaintension.

3.ContactyourAuthorizedService
Dealer.

4.ContactyourAuthorizedService
Dealer.

5.ContactyourAuthorizedService
Dealer.

44

Problem

PossibleCauseCorrectiveAction

Thetrencherdoesnotdigfastenough

1.Thediggingteethareworn.1.Replacethediggingteeth.

2.Thechainyouareusingisnot
appropriateforthetypeofground.

3.Thehydraulicsystemisoverheated.

4.Thehydraulicsystemisobstructed,
contaminated,ordamaged.

2.Evaluatethegroundtypeandchange
chainsifnecessary .

3.Shutdownandallowthesystemtocool.

4.ContactyourAuthorizedService
Dealer.

45

Schematics

ElectricalSchematic—Model22970(Rev .A)

ElectricalSchematic—Model22971(Rev .A)

46

ElectricalSchematic—Model22974(Rev .A)

47

G008330

B2 A2

B1 A1

P

T

RV1

T

A

(FRONT)

B

(REAR)

M1

13

13

6

6

10

10

10

10

10

13 X 1

13 X 1

13 X 1

13 X 1

19

19

16

51/25 X 254

25

P2

P3

PORT A

PORT B

PORT B

PORT A

R

LIFT

DRIVE

TRENCHER

L

P1

M2

M3

20

um

S

P

B

A

B

A

HydraulicSchematic—Model22970(Rev .A)

48

G008331

B2 A2

B1 A1

P

T

RV1

T

A

(FRONT)

B

(REAR)

M1

13

13

6

6

10

10

10

10

10

13 X 1

13 X 1

13 X 1

13 X 1

19

19

16

51/25 X 254

25

P2

P3

PORT A

PORT B

PORT B

PORT A

R

LIFT

DRIVE

TRENCHER

L

P1

M2

M3

20

um

S

P

B

A

B

A

HydraulicSchematic—Model22971and22974(Rev .A)

49

Notes:

50

Notes:

51

Toro Compact Utility Equipment Warranty

A One-Year Limited Warranty

CUE Products

The Toro® Company and its affi liate, Toro Warranty Company, pursuant

Conditions and Products Covered

to an agreement between them, jointly warrant your Toro Compact Utility
Equipment (“Product”) to be free from defects in materials or workmanship.
The following time periods apply from the date of purchase:

Products Warranty Period

Loaders, Trenchers and 1 year or 1000 operating

Attachments hours, whichever occurs

fi rst
Kohler Engines 3 years
All other Engines 2 years

Where a warrantable condition exists, we will repair the Product at no cost
to you including diagnosis, labor, and parts.

Instructions for Obtaining Warranty Service

If you think that your Toro Product contains a defect in materials or work­manship, follow this procedure:

1. Contact any Authorized Toro Compact Utility Equipment (CUE) Service
Dealer to arrange service at their dealership. To locate a dealer conve­nient to you, access our website at www.Toro.com. You may also call our
Toro Customer Care Department toll free at 888-865-5676 (U.S. custom­ers) or 888-865-5691 (Canadian customers).

2. Bring the product and your proof of purchase (sales receipt) to the
Service Dealer.

If for any reason you are dissatisfi ed with the Service Dealer’s analysis or

with the assistance provided, contact us at:

LCB Customer Service Department
Toro Warranty Company
8111 Lyndale Avenue South
Bloomington, MN 55420-1196
Toll Free: 888-865-5676 (U.S. customers)
Toll Free: 888-865-5691 (Canada customers)

Owner Responsibilities

You must maintain your Toro Product by following the maintenance pro­cedures described in the Operator’s Manual. Such routine maintenance,
whether performed by a dealer or by you, is at your expense. Parts sched­uled for replacement as required maintenance (“Maintenance Parts”), are
warranted for the period of time up to the scheduled replacement time for
that part. Failure to perform required maintenance and adjustments can be
grounds for disallowing a warranty claim.

Not all product failures or malfunctions that occur during the warranty pe­riod are defects in materials or workmanship. This express warranty does
not cover the following:

Product failures which result from the use of non-Toro replacement

•
parts, or from installation and use of add-on, modifi ed, or unapproved
accessories
Product failures which result from failure to perform required mainte-

•
nance and/or adjustments
Product failures which result from operating the Product in an abusive,

•
negligent or reckless manner
Parts subject to consumption through use unless found to be defec-

•
tive. Examples of parts which are consumed, or used up, during normal
Product operation include, but are not limited to, digging teeth, tines,
spark plugs, tires, tracks, fi lters, chains, etc.
Failures caused by outside infl uence. Items considered to be outside

•
infl uence include, but are not limited to, weather, storage practices,
contamination, use of unapproved coolants, lubricants, additives, or
chemicals, etc.
Normal “wear and tear” items. Normal “wear and tear” includes, but is

•
not limited to, worn painted surfaces, scratched decals or windows, etc
Any component covered by a separate manufacturer’s warranty

•
Pickup and delivery charges

•

Repair by an Authorized Toro Compact Utility Equipment (CUE) Service
Dealer is your sole remedy under this warranty. Neither The Toro®

Company nor Toro Warranty Company is liable for indirect, inciden­tal or consequential damages in connection with the use of the Toro
Products covered by this warranty, including any cost or expense of
providing substitute equipment or service during reasonable periods
of malfunction or non-use pending completion of repairs under this
warranty. All implied warranties of merchantability and fi tness for
use are limited to the duration of this express warranty. Some states
do not allow exclusions of incidental or consequential damages, or
limitations on how long an implied warranty lasts, so the above exclu­sions and limitations may not apply to you. This warranty gives you

specifi c legal rights, and you may also have other rights which vary from
state to state.

Except for the engine warranty coverage and the Emissions warranty refer­enced below, if applicable, there is no other express warranty.
The Emissions Control System on your Product may be covered by a sepa­rate warranty meeting requirements established by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) or the California Air Resources Board (CARB).
The hour limitations set forth above do not apply to the Emissions Control
System Warranty. Refer to the California Emission Control Warranty State­ment printed in you operator’s manual or contained in the engine manufac­turer’s documentation for details.

Items and Conditions Not Covered

General Conditions

Customers who have purchased Toro products exported from the United States or Canada should contact their Toro Distributor (Dealer) to obtain guaran­tee policies for your country, province, or state. If for any reason you are dissatisfi ed with your Distributor’s service or have diffi culty obtaining guarantee
information, contact the Toro importer. If all other remedies fail, you may contact us at Toro Warranty Company.

Countries Other than the United States or Canada

Part Number 374-0198 Rev. A