Titan Leaf Pro Operation & Maintenance Manual

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL

REV 2/9/11 9:44 AM

WHEN ORDERING PARTS, PLEASE REFER TO THE

VIN NUMBER AND “TYPE OF VEHICLE” OF YOUR LEAF VACUUM.

RECORD THEM FROM THE VIN TAG ON THE

FRONT DRIVER’S SIDE OF THE TRAILER:

LEAF VAC V.I.N. NO.: ______________________________

TYPE OF VEHICLE.: _______________________________

ENGINE MODEL NO.: ______________________________

ENGINE SERIAL NO.: ______________________________

General Safety Information

1.

GENERAL SAFETY INFORMATION ................................................................................................ 5

1.1. SAFETY ALERT SYMBOLS AND SIGNAL WORDS ................................................................................... 5

1.2. MAJOR HAZARDS ............................................................................................................................. 6

1.2.1. Improper Sizing of the Trailer to the Tow Vehicle. .................................................................. 6

1.2.2. Driving Too Fast ...................................................................................................................... 6

1.2.3. Adjusting Driving Behavior to match Conditions ..................................................................... 6

1.2.4. Trailer Not Properly Coupled to the Hitch ............................................................................... 7

1.2.5. Proper Use of Safety Chains .................................................................................................. 8

1.2.6. Proper Connection of Breakaway Brake ................................................................................. 8

1.2.7. Matching Trailer and Hitch ...................................................................................................... 8

1.2.8. Worn Tires, Loose Wheels, and Lug Nuts .............................................................................. 8

1.2.9. Inoperable Brakes, Lights or Mirrors ....................................................................................... 9

1.2.10. Hazards From Modifying Your Trailer ................................................................................... 10

Safety Warning Labels on Your Trailer ............................................................................................... 10

1.2.11. Trailer Towing Guide ............................................................................................................. 13

1.2.12. Reporting Safety Defects ...................................................................................................... 13

1.3. SAFE TRAILER TOWING GUIDELINES ................................................................................................ 13

1.4. GENERAL SAFETY RELATED TO OPERATION OF VACUUM ................................................................. 14

1.5. SAFETY DISCONNECT ..................................................................................................................... 14

1.6. DECIBAL LEVELS ............................................................................................................................ 15

2. TIRE SAFETY INFORMATION ....................................................................................................... 16

2.1. STEPS FOR DETERMINING CORRECT LOAD LIMIT – TRAILER .............................................................. 16

2.2. GLOSSARY OF TIRE TERMINOLOGY ................................................................................................. 17

2.3. TIRE SAFETY - EVERYTHING RIDES ON IT ........................................................................................ 19

2.3.1. Safety First–Basic Tire Maintenance .................................................................................... 20

2.3.2. Finding Your Vehicle's Recommended Tire Pressure and Load Limits ................................ 20

2.3.3. Understanding Tire Pressure and Load Limits ...................................................................... 20

2.3.4. Checking Tire Pressure ........................................................................................................ 20

2.3.5. Steps for Maintaining Proper Tire Pressure .......................................................................... 21

2.3.6. Tire Size ................................................................................................................................ 21

2.3.7. Tire Tread ............................................................................................................................. 21

2.3.8. Tire Balance and Wheel Alignment ....................................................................................... 21

2.3.9. Tire Repair ............................................................................................................................ 22

2.3.10. Tire Fundamentals ................................................................................................................ 22

2.3.11. Tire Safety Tips ..................................................................................................................... 24

2.4. TIRE REGISTRATION ....................................................................................................................... 25

3. COUPLING TO THE TOW VEHICLE .............................................................................................. 26

3.1. USE AN ADEQUATE TOW VEHICLE AND HITCH .................................................................................. 26

3.2. CERTIFICATION / VIN TAG ............................................................................................................... 26

3.3. COUPLING AND UNCOUPLING THE TRAILER ...................................................................................... 27

3.3.1. Various Coupler Designs ...................................................................................................... 28

3.3.2. Trailer with Ball-Hitch Coupler .............................................................................................. 28

3.3.3. Rig the safety chains ............................................................................................................. 30

3.3.4. Attach and test electric breakaway brake system ................................................................. 30

4. CHECKING THE TRAILER BEFORE AND DURING EACH TOW ................................................ 33

4.1. PRE-TOW CHECKLIST ..................................................................................................................... 33

4.2. MAKE REGULAR STOPS .................................................................................................................. 33

5. BREAKING-IN A NEW TRAILER ................................................................................................... 34

5.1. RETIGHTEN LUG NUTS AT FIRST 10, 25 & 50 MILES ......................................................................... 34

5.2. ADJUST BRAKE SHOES AT FIRST 200 MILES .................................................................................... 34

5.3. SYNCHRONIZING THE BRAKE SYSTEMS ............................................................................................ 34

General Safety Information

6.

INSPECTION, SERVICE & MAINTENANCE .................................................................................. 35

6.1. INSPECTION, SERVICE & MAINTENANCE SUMMARY CHARTS .............................................................. 35

6.2. INSPECTION AND SERVICE INSTRUCTIONS ........................................................................................ 36

6.2.1. Axle Bolts, Frame, Suspension, & Structure ......................................................................... 36

6.2.2. Trailer Structure .................................................................................................................... 37

6.2.3. Trailer Brakes ........................................................................................................................ 37

6.2.4. Trailer Connection to Tow Vehicle ........................................................................................ 39

6.2.5. Trailer Jack ........................................................................................................................... 40

6.2.6. Lights and Signals ................................................................................................................. 40

6.2.7. Tires ...................................................................................................................................... 40

6.2.8. Wheel Rims ........................................................................................................................... 41

6.2.9. Wheels, Bearings and Lug Nuts ........................................................................................... 41

6.3. MAINTENANCE GUIDELINES PERTAINING TO VACUUM EQUIPMENT ................................. 44

6.3.1. CAPICITIES & SPECIFICATIONS ........................................................................................ 44

6.3.2. INITIAL SERVICING & BREAK-IN ........................................................................................ 44

6.3.3. LIST OF SUPPLEMENTAL MANUALS ................................................................................ 44

6.3.4. ENGINE SERVICE ............................................................................................................... 44

6.3.5. CLUTCH OR FLUID COUPLER SERVICE .......................................................................... 45

6.3.6. LUBRICATION ...................................................................................................................... 45

6.3.7. FAN BELT TENSION & ALIGNMENT .................................................................................. 45

6.3.8. BELT SHEAVES & ALIGNMENT .......................................................................................... 46

6.3.9. FAN ....................................................................................................................................... 47

6.3.10. BLOWER HOUSING LINER REMOVAL .............................................................................. 48

6.3.11. SUCTION HOSE ................................................................................................................... 48

6.3.12. HYDRAULIC SYSTEM (IF EQUIPPED) ............................................................................... 48

6.3.13. WETTING SYSTEM (IF EQUIPPED) ................................................................................... 48

6.4. ELECTRICAL SYSTEM ............................................................................................................... 48

6.4.1. WIRING DIAGRAMS ............................................................................................................ 48

7. GENERAL OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS ..................................................................................... 59

7.1. ENGINE RPM ............................................................................................................................... 59

7.2. HYDRAULIC BOOM OPERATION (IF EQUIPPED) ..................................................................... 59

7.3. HYDRAULIC JACK (IF EQUIPPED) ............................................................................................. 59

7.4. DISCHARGE CHUTE CYLINDER (IF EQUIPPED) ...................................................................... 60

7.5. WETTING SYSTEM (IF EQUIPPED) ........................................................................................... 60

7.6. DUAL TONGUE SYSTEM (IF EQUIPPED) .................................................................................. 60

8. SUPPLIMENTAL MANUALS .......................................................................................................... 61

8.1. MARTIN QD BUSHINGS ................................................................................................................... 61

8.2. BROWNING FAN BUSHING ............................................................................................................... 62

8.3. NACD CLUTCH .............................................................................................................................. 64

8.4. TRANS FLUID COUPLER .................................................................................................................. 88

8.5. MONARCH POWER UNIT .................................................................................................................. 95

8.6. BREAK-AWAY SYSTEM .................................................................................................................... 99

8.7. 4 POINT SAFETY HARNESS ........................................................................................................... 101

8.8. LIGHTING SYSTEMS ...................................................................................................................... 102

8.9. WETTING SYSTEM PUMP ............................................................................................................... 105

9. PART BREAKDOWNS ................................................................................................................. 110

9.1. CHASSIS ASSEMBLY ..................................................................................................................... 110

9.2. SEAT WELDMENT ASSEMBLY ........................................................................................................ 112

9.3. FUEL TANK ASSEMBLY .................................................................................................................. 114

9.4. TRAILER JACK ASSEMBLIES ........................................................................................................... 116

9.5. ENGINE BELT DRIVE FAN ASSEMBLY ............................................................................................. 118

9.6. HYDRAULIC VALVE ASSEMBLY – SOLENOID CONTROLLED LEAF VAC ............................................... 120

General Safety Information

9.7.

ELECTRIC POWER UNIT, SINGLE FUNCTION, PUSH BUTTON ............................................................ 121

9.8. ELECTRIC POWER UNIT, FUNCTION, PUSH BUTTON ........................................................................ 122

9.9. LEAF DISCHARGE ASSEMBLIES ...................................................................................................... 123

9.10. HYDRAULIC TANK ASSEMBLY ........................................................................................................ 125

9.11. MANUAL HOSE ARM ASSEMBLY ..................................................................................................... 127

9.12. HYDRAULIC HOSE ARM ASSEMBLY ................................................................................................ 129

9.13. LEAF VAC WETTING SYSTEM ......................................................................................................... 131

9.14. KUBOTA ENGINE MOUNTING ASSEMBLY .......................................................................................... 133

9.15. JOHN DEERE ENGINE MOUNTING ASSEMBLY .................................................................................... 135

9.16. ENGINE MOUNTED ACCESSORIES, KUBOTA .................................................................................... 137

10. WARRANTY .................................................................................................................................. 139

Manufactured, sold, and serviced by:

1385 Franklin Grove Road

Dixon, IL 61021

800-851-9664

www.titanleafpro.com

General Safety Information

1. GENERAL SAFETY INFORMATION

1.1. SAFETY ALERT SYMBOLS AND SIGNAL WORDS

SPECIAL NOTE: This manual contains information pertaining to both the chassis (trailer portion)
of the leaf vacuum, as well as the equipment mounted on the chassis. Throughout this manual,
the complete pull behind leaf vacuum will be referred to as a trailer, as this is how it is classified
by federal law. All rules and regulations pertaining to the operation of “regular trailers” also apply

to this ”leaf vacuum trailer”.

ANOTHER SPECIAL NOTE: An Owner’s Manual that provides general trailer information cannot
cover all of the specific details necessary for the proper combination of every trailer, tow vehicle
and hitch. Therefore, you must read, understand and follow the instructions given by the tow
vehicle and trailer hitch manufacturers, as well as the instructions in this manual.

AND ONE MORE: This trailer is 102” wide, which is within legal towing width for all US interstates
and federally designated state highways. When operating on other roadways, consult local and
state laws regarding legal towing width.

Our trailers are built with components produced by various manufacturers. Some of these items have
separate instruction manuals, and many are included in the supplemental manuals section. Where this
manual indicates that you should read another manual, but you do not have that manual, call Bonnell
Industries, Inc at 800-851-9664 for a free copy. See page 44 for a list of supplemental manuals that may

apply to this piece of equipment.

The safety information in this manual is denoted by the safety alert symbol: ^
The level of risk is indicated by the following signal words.

^ Danger

DANGER – Immediate hazards which WILL result in severe personal injury or
death if the warning is ignored.

^ WARNING

WARNING – Hazards or unsafe practices which COULD result in severe
personal injury or death if the warning is ignored.

^ Caution

CAUTION – Hazards or unsafe practices which could result in minor or
moderate injury if the warning is ignored.

^ Notice

NOTICE – Practices that could result in damage to the trailer or other property.

General Safety Information

1.2. MAJOR HAZARDS

Loss of control of the trailer or trailer/tow vehicle combination can result in death or serious injury. The
most common causes for loss of control of the trailer are:

• Improper sizing the trailer for the tow vehicle, or vice versa.

• Excessive Speed: Driving too fast for the conditions.

• Failure to adjust driving behavior when towing a trailer.

• Improper or mis-coupling of the trailer to the hitch.

• Improper braking and steering under sway conditions.

• Not maintaining proper tire pressure.

• Not keeping lug nuts tight.

1.2.1. IMPROPER SIZING OF THE TRAILER TO THE TOW VEHICLE.

Trailers that weigh too much for the towing vehicle can cause stability problems, which can lead to death
or serious injury. Furthermore, the additional strain put on the engine and drive-train may lead to serious
tow vehicle maintenance problems. For these reasons the maximum towing capacity of your towing
vehicle should not be exceeded. The towing capacity of your tow vehicle, in terms of maximum Gross
Trailer Weight (GTW) and maximum Gross Combined Weight Rating (GCWR) can be found in the tow
vehicles Owner’s Manual.

^ Danger

Use of a hitch with a load rating less than the load rating of the trailer can
result in loss of control and may lead to death or serious injury.

Use of a tow vehicle with a towing capacity less than the load rating of the
trailer can result in loss of control, and may lead to death or serious injury.

Be sure your hitch and tow vehicle are rated for the Gross Vehicle Weight
Rating (GVWR) of your trailer.

1.2.2. DRIVING TOO FAST

With ideal road conditions, the maximum recommended speed for safely towing a trailer is 60 mph. If you
drive too fast, the trailer is more likely to sway, thus increasing the possibility for loss of control. Also your
tires may overheat, thus increasing the possibility of a blowout.

^ WARNING

Driving too fast for conditions can result in loss of control and cause death or
serious injury.

1.2.3. ADJUSTING DRIVING BEHAVIOR TO MATCH CONDITIONS

When towing a trailer, you will have decreased acceleration, increased stopping distance, and increased
turning radius (which means you must make wider turns to keep from hitting curbs, vehicles, and anything
else that is on the inside corner). Furthermore the trailer will change the handling characteristics of your
towing vehicle, making it more sensitive to steering inputs and more likely to be pushed around in windy
conditions or when being passed by large vehicles. In addition, you will need a longer distance to pass,
due to slower acceleration and increased length. With these caveats in mind:

General Safety Information

Be alert for slippery conditions. You are more likely to be affected by slippery road surfaces when driving
a tow vehicle with a trailer, than driving a tow vehicle without a trailer.
Anticipate the trailer “swaying.” Swaying can be caused by excessive steering, wind gusts, roadway
edges, or by the trailer reaction to the pressure wave created by passing trucks and busses.
When encountering trailer sway take your foot off the gas, and steer as little as possible in order to stay
on the road. Use small “trim-like” steering adjustments. Do not attempt to steer out of the sway; you’ll only
make it worse. Also do not apply the tow vehicle brakes to correct trailer swaying. On the other hand,
application of the trailer brakes alone will tend to straighten out the combination, especially when going
downhill. Check rearview mirrors frequently to observe the trailer and traffic. Use lower gear when
driving down steep or long grades. Use the engine and transmission as a brake. Do not ride the brakes,
as they can overheat and become ineffective. Be aware of your trailer height, especially when
approaching bridges, roofed areas and around trees.

1.2.4. TRAILER NOT PROPERLY COUPLED TO THE HITCH

It is critical that the trailer be securely coupled to the hitch ball, and that the safety chains and emergency
break-away brake cable are correctly attached. Uncoupling may result in death or serious injury to you
and to others.

^ WARNING

Proper selection and condition of the coupler and hitch are essential to safely
towing your trailer. A loss of coupling may result in death or serious injury.

Be sure the hitch load rating is equal to or greater than the load rating of the
coupler.

Be sure the hitch size matches the coupler size

Observe the hitch for wear, corrosion and cracks before coupling. Replace
worn, corroded or cracked hitch components before coupling the trailer to the
tow vehicle.

Be sure the hitch components are tight before coupling the trailer to the tow
vehicle.

^ WARNING

An improperly coupled trailer can result in death or serious injury.

Do not move the trailer until:

The coupler is secured and locked to hitch;

The safety chains are secured to the tow vehicle; and

The trailer jack(s) are fully retracted.

Do not tow the trailer on the road until:

Tires and wheels are checked;

The trailer brakes are checked;

The breakaway switch is connected to the tow vehicle;

The load is secured to the trailer; and

The trailer lights are connected and checked.

General Safety Information

1.2.5. PROPER USE OF SAFETY CHAINS

If your trailer comes loose from the hitch for any reason, we have provided safety chains so that control of
the trailer can still be maintained.

1.2.6. PROPER CONNECTION OF BREAKAWAY BRAKE

Your trailer is equipped with a breakaway brake system that can apply the brakes on your trailer if your
trailer comes loose from the hitch ball for any reason. See page 99 for complete instructions regarding

the break-away system. The breakaway brake system, including battery, must be in good condition and

properly rigged to be effective.

^ WARNING

An ineffective or inoperative breakaway brake system can result in a runaway trailer, leading
to death or serious injury if the coupler or hitch fails.

The breakaway cable must be connected to the tow vehicle, and NOT to any part of the hitch.

Before towing the trailer, test the function of the breakaway brake system. If the breakaway
brake system is not working, do not tow the trailer. Have it serviced or repaired.

1.2.7. MATCHING TRAILER AND HITCH

^ Danger

Use of a hitch with a load rating less than the load rating of the trailer can result in loss of
control and may lead to death or serious injury.

Use of a tow vehicle with a towing capacity less than the load rating of the trailer can result in
loss of control, and may lead to death or serious injury.

Be sure your hitch and tow vehicle are rated for the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) of
your trailer.

1.2.8. WORN TIRES, LOOSE WHEELS, AND LUG NUTS

As with any vehicle, the trailer tires and wheels are important safety items. Therefore, it is essential to
inspect the trailer tires before each tow.

If a tire has a bald spot, bulge, cut, cracks, or is showing any cords, replace the tire before towing. If a
tire has uneven tread wear, take the trailer to a dealer service center for diagnosis. Uneven tread wear
can be caused by tire imbalance, axle misalignment or incorrect inflation.

^ WARNING

Improper rigging of the safety chains can result in loss of control of the trailer
and tow vehicle, leading to death or serious injury, if the trailer uncouples
from the tow vehicle.

Fasten chains to frame of tow vehicle. Do not fasten chains to any part of the
hitch unless the hitch has holes or loops specifically for that purpose.

Cross chains underneath hitch and coupler with enough slack to permit turning
and to hold tongue up, if the trailer comes loose.

General Safety Information

Tires with too little tread will not provide adequate frictional forces on wet roadways and can result in loss
of control, leading to death or serious injury.

Improper tire pressure causes increased tire wear and may reduce trailer stability, which can result in a
tire blowout or possible loss of control. Therefore, before each tow you must also check the tire pressure.
Remember, the proper tire pressure is listed on the Certification / VIN label, normally mounted on front
left side of the trailer, and should be checked when tires are cold. Allow 3 hours cool-down after driving
as much as 1 mile at 40 mph before checking tire pressure.

^ WARNING

Improper tire pressure can result in a blowout and loss of control, which can lead to death or
serious injury.

Be sure tires are inflated to pressure indicated on sidewall before towing trailer.

The tightness of the lug nuts is very important in keeping the wheels properly seated to the hub.
Before each tow, check to make sure they are tight.

^ WARNING

Metal creep between the wheel rim and lug nuts will cause rim to loosen and could result in a
wheel coming off, leading to death or serious injury.

Tighten lug nuts before each tow.

The proper tightness (torque) for lug nuts is listed in Section 6.2.9.2 in the “Error! Reference source not
found.” chapter of this manual. Use a torque wrench to tighten the lug nuts, use the crisscross star
pattern on page 42. If you do not have a torque wrench, use a lug wrench (from your tow vehicle) and
tighten the nuts as much as you can. At the first opportunity, have a service garage or trailer dealer
tighten the lug nuts to the proper torque.

^ WARNING

Lug nuts are prone to loosen after initial installation, which can lead to death or serious injury.

Check lug nuts for tightness on a new trailer or when wheel(s) have been remounted after the
first 10, 25 and 50 miles of driving.

^ WARNING

Improper lug nut torque can cause a wheel separating from the trailer, leading to death or
serious injury. Be sure lug nuts are tight before each tow.

1.2.9. INOPERABLE BRAKES, LIGHTS OR MIRRORS

Be sure that the electric brakes and all of the lights on your trailer are functioning properly before towing
your trailer. Electric brakes and lights on a trailer are controlled via a connection to the tow vehicle,
generally a multi-pin electrical connector. Check the trailer tail lights by turning on your tow vehicle
headlights. Check the trailer brake lights by having someone step on the tow vehicle brake pedal while
you look at trailer lights. Do the same thing to check the turn signal lights.

If your trailer has electric brakes, your tow vehicle will have an electric brake controller that sends power
to the trailer brakes. Before towing the trailer on the road, you must operate the brake controller while
trying to pull the trailer in order to confirm that the electric brakes operate. While towing the trailer at less
than 5 mph, manually operate the electric brake controller in the tow vehicle cab. You should feel the
operation of the trailer brakes.

General Safety Information

^ WARNING

Improper electrical connection between the tow vehicle and the trailer will result in inoperable
lights and electric brakes, and can lead to collision.

Before each tow:

Check that the taillights, brake lights and turn signals work

Check that the electric brakes work by operating the brake controller inside the tow vehicle

1.2.10. HAZARDS FROM MODIFYING YOUR TRAILER

Essential safety items can be damaged by altering your trailer. Before making any alteration to your
trailer, contact your dealer or Bonnell Industries, Inc at 800-851-9664 and describe the alteration you are
contemplating. Alteration of the trailer structure or modification of mechanical, electrical, or other systems
on your trailer must be performed only by qualified technicians who are familiar with the system installed
on your trailer.

SAFETY WARNING LABELS ON YOUR TRAILER

Below are illustrations of the safety decals applied to your machine. Familiarize yourself with their
locations & importance. To protect you and others against death or serious injury, all of the labels shown
below must be on the trailer and must be legible. If any of these labels are missing or cannot be read,
call Bonnell Industries, Inc at 800-851-9664 for free replacement labels.

On or near trailer tongue:

General Safety Information

General Safety Information

General Safety Information

1.2.11. TRAILER TOWING GUIDE

Driving a vehicle with a trailer in tow is vastly different from driving the same vehicle without a trailer in tow.
Acceleration, maneuverability and braking are all diminished with a trailer in tow. It takes longer to get up to
speed; you need more room to turn and pass, and more distance to stop when towing a trailer. You will need
to spend time adjusting to the different feel and maneuverability of the tow vehicle with a loaded trailer.
Because of the significant differences in all aspects of maneuverability when towing a trailer, the hazards and
risks of injury are also much greater than when driving without a trailer. You are responsible for keeping your
vehicle and trailer in control, and for all the damage that is caused if you lose control of your vehicle and trailer.

As you did when learning to drive an automobile, find an open area with little or no traffic for your first practice
trailering. Of course, before you start towing the trailer, you must follow all of the instructions for inspection,
testing, loading and coupling. Also, before you start towing, adjust the mirrors so you can see the trailer as
well as the area to the rear of it.

Drive slowly at first, 5 mph or so, and turn the wheel to get the feel of how the tow vehicle and trailer
combination responds. Next, make some right and left hand turns. Watch in your side mirrors to see how the
trailer follows the tow vehicle. Turning with a trailer attached requires more room.

Stop the rig a few times from speeds no greater than 10 mph. If your trailer is equipped with brakes, try using
different combinations of trailer/electric brake and tow vehicle brake. Note the effect that the trailer brakes
have when they are the only brakes used. When properly adjusted, the trailer brakes will come on just before
the tow vehicle brakes.

It will take practice to learn how to back up a tow vehicle with a trailer attached. Take it slow. Before backing
up, get out of the tow vehicle and look behind the trailer to make sure that there are no obstacles. Some
drivers place their hands at the bottom of the steering wheel, and while the tow vehicle is in reverse, “think” of
the hands as being on the top of the wheel. When the hands move to the right (counter-clockwise, as you
would do to turn the tow vehicle to the left when moving forward), the rear of the trailer moves to the right.
Conversely, rotating the steering wheel clockwise with your hands at the bottom of the wheel will move the
rear of the trailer to the left, while backing up. If you are towing a bumper hitch rig, be careful not to allow the
trailer to turn too much, because it will hit the rear of the tow vehicle. To straighten the rig, either pull forward,
or turn the steering wheel in the opposite direction.

1.2.12. REPORTING SAFETY DEFECTS

If you believe that your vehicle has a defect that could cause a crash or could cause injury or death, you
should immediately inform the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) in addition to notifying
Bonnell Industries, Inc.

If NHTSA receives similar complaints, it may open an investigation, and if it finds that a safety defect exists in
a group of vehicles, it may order a recall and remedy campaign. However, NHTSA cannot become involved in
individual problems between you, your dealer, or Bonnell Industries, Inc.

To contact NHTSA, you may either call the Vehicle Safety Hotline toll-free at 1-888-327-4236 (TTY: 1-800­424-9153), go tohttp://www.safecar.gov; or write to: Administrator, NHTSA, 1200 New Jersey Ave. SE.,
Washington, DC 20590. You can also obtain other information about motor vehicle safety from
http://www.safecar.gov.

Call 800-851-9664 to reach Bonnell Industries, Inc.

1.3. SAFE TRAILER TOWING GUIDELINES

• Before towing, check coupling, safety chain, safety brake, tires, wheels and lights.

• Check the lug nuts or bolts for tightness.

• Check coupler tightness after towing 50 miles.

• Adjust the brake controller to engage the trailer brakes before the tow vehicle brakes. Follow the

instructions given with the brake controller manufacturer’s literature.

• Use your mirrors to verify that you have room to change lanes or pull into traffic.

General Safety Information

• Use your turn signals well in advance.

• Allow plenty of stopping space for your trailer and tow vehicle.

• Do not drive so fast that the trailer begins to sway due to speed. Generally never drive faster than 60

m.p.h.

• Allow plenty of room for passing. A rule of thumb is that the passing distance with a trailer is 4 times
the passing distance without a trailer.

• Shift your automatic transmission into a lower gear for city driving.

• Use lower gears for climbing and descending grades.

• Do not ride the brakes while descending grades, they may get so hot that they stop working. Then

you will potentially have a runaway tow vehicle and trailer.

• To conserve fuel, don't use full throttle to climb a hill. Instead, build speed on the approach.

• Slow down for bumps in the road. Take your foot off the brake when crossing the bump.

• Do not brake while in a curve unless absolutely necessary. Instead, slow down before you enter the

curve.

• Do not apply the tow vehicle brakes to correct extreme trailer swaying. Instead, lightly apply the trailer
brakes with the hand controller.

• Make regular stops, about once each hour. Confirm that:

• The coupler is secure to the hitch and is locked,

• Electrical connectors are made,

• There is appropriate slack in the safety chains,

• There is appropriate slack in the breakaway switch pull pin cable,

• The tires are not visibly low on pressure

1.4. GENERAL SAFETY RELATED TO OPERATION OF VACUUM

• Review safety items with all relevant personal at regular intervals.

• Ensure all operators are familiar with this manual before operating.

• Ensure your operation is in compliance with all applicable codes and regulations.

• Before operating machine, do a safety inspection. Refer to the pre-start checklist on page 4 for

general procedures.

• Make sure all personal protective equipment is in order before leaving for the job site. Recommended
equipment includes hard hat, safety goggles or ski mask, and ear protection.

• Have a fire extinguisher on hand at all times.

• Clean leaf debris from machine and engine screen after each load to prevent build-up of flammable

material. A leaf blower works well for this. This can be done during truck change-over.

• Inspect work area before operating machine. Inspect for heavy debris, such as bricks, rocks, or glass
bottles.

• Ensure all pedestrians and operators are clear of the vacuum area.

• Keep nozzle away from loose objects that may be near the collection area, and may get caught in the

nozzle.

• Remove key and chock wheels when leaving machine unattended.

• DO NOT operate machine with guard, hose, or housing cover removed. Refer to safety disconnect

section below for lock-out procedures.

• Prior to towing, inspect pintle, safety chains, lighting, running gear & trailer brakes.

• Secure pick-up nozzle for transport.

• When rotating hose per maintenance section, inspect fan for uneven wear, cracks, or looseness. Also

check housing for large heavy debris & remove.

• With the exception of the operator’s seat, no riders are allowed on the machine. Operator’s seat is for
leaf collection operations only. Maximum speed with operator not to exceed 5 MPH.

1.5. SAFETY DISCONNECT

Your Leaf Machine is equipped with two safety disconnect devices. These disconnect devices and all
wiring are to be left operable and in place at all times, for the life of the machine. One is located on the

belt guard, and the other is located on the hose connection to the blower housing. When performing any
repair or maintenance work related to these areas, remove key from ignition, and disconnect the safety
disconnect to the area needing service.

General Safety Information

1.6. DECIBAL LEVELS

Tire Safety Information

2. TIRE SAFETY INFORMATION

This portion of the User’s Manual contains tire safety information as required by 49 CFR 575.6.

Section 2.1 contains “Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit - Trailer”.

Section 2.2 contains “Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit – Tow Vehicle”.

Section 2.3 contains a Glossary of Tire Terminology, including “cold inflation pressure”, “maximum inflation
pressure”, “recommended inflation pressure”, and other non-technical terms.

Section 2.4 contains information from the NHTSA brochure entitled “Tire Safety – Everything Rides On It”.
This brochure describes the following items;

• Tire labeling, including a description and explanation of each marking on the tires, and information
about the DOT Tire Identification Number (TIN).

• Recommended tire inflation pressure, including a description and explanation of:
A. Cold inflation pressure.
B. Vehicle Placard and location on the vehicle.
C. Adverse safety consequences of under inflation (including tire failure).
D. Measuring and adjusting air pressure for proper inflation.

• Tire Care, including maintenance and safety practices.

• Vehicle load limits, including a description and explanation of the following items:

A. Locating and understanding the load limit information, total load capacity, and cargo capacity.
B. Calculating total and cargo capacities with varying seating configurations including quantitative

examples showing / illustrating how the vehicles cargo and luggage capacity decreases as

combined number and size of occupants’ increases. This item is also discussed in Section 3.
C. Determining compatibility of tire and vehicle load capabilities.
D. Adverse safety consequences of overloading on handling and stopping on tires.

2.1. STEPS FOR DETERMINING CORRECT LOAD LIMIT – TRAILER

Trailers 10,000 Pounds GVWR or Less:

1. Locate the statement, “The weight of cargo should never exceed XXX kg or XXX lbs.,” on your vehicle’s
placard. See figure 1-1.

2. This figure equals the available amount of cargo and luggage load capacity.

3. Determine the combined weight of luggage and cargo being loaded on the vehicle. That weight may not
safely exceed the available cargo and luggage load capacity.

The trailer’s placard refers to the Tire Information Placard attached adjacent to or near the trailer’s VIN
(Certification) label at the left front of the trailer.

Tire and Loading Information

Tire Information

2.2. GLOSSARY OF TIRE TERMINOLOGY

Accessory weight
The combined weight (in excess of those standard items which may be replaced) of automatic transmission,
power steering, power brakes, power windows, power seats, radio and heater, to the extent that these items
are available as factory-installed equipment (whether installed or not).

Bead: The part of the tire that is made of steel wires, wrapped or reinforced by ply cords and that is shaped to
fit the rim.

Bead separation: This is the breakdown of the bond between components in the bead.

Bias ply tire: A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at alternate angles

substantially less than 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread.

Carcass: The tire structure, except tread and sidewall rubber which, when inflated, bears the load.

Chunking: The breaking away of pieces of the tread or sidewall.

Cold inflation pressure: The pressure in the tire before you drive.

Cord: The strands forming the plies in the tire.

Cord separation: The parting of cords from adjacent rubber compounds.

Cracking: Any parting within the tread, sidewall, or inner liner of the tire extending to cord material.

CT: A pneumatic tire with an inverted flange tire and rim system in which the rim is designed with rim flanges

pointed radially inward and the tire is designed to fit on the underside of the rim in a manner that encloses the
rim flanges inside the air cavity of the tire.

Curb weight: The weight of a motor vehicle with standard equipment including the maximum capacity of fuel,
oil, and coolant, and, if so equipped, air conditioning and additional weight optional engine.

Extra load tire: A tire designed to operate at higher loads and at higher inflation pressures than the
corresponding standard tire.

Groove: The space between two adjacent tread ribs.

Innerliner: The layer(s) forming the inside surface of a tubeless tire that contains the inflating medium within

the tire.

Innerliner separation: The parting of the innerliner from cord material in the carcass.

Intended outboard sidewall: The sidewall that contains a white-wall, bears white lettering or bears

manufacturer, brand, and/or model name molding that is higher or deeper than the same molding on the other
sidewall of the tire or the outward facing sidewall of an asymmetrical tire that has a particular side that must
always face outward when mounted on a vehicle.

Light truck (LT) tire: A tire designated by its manufacturer as primarily intended for use on lightweight trucks
or multipurpose passenger vehicles.

Load rating: The maximum load that a tire is rated to carry for a given inflation pressure.

Maximum load rating: The load rating for a tire at the maximum permissible inflation pressure for that tire.

Maximum permissible inflation pressure: The maximum cold inflation pressure to which a tire may be

inflated.

Tire Information

Maximum loaded vehicle weight: The sum of curb weight, accessory weight, vehicle capacity weight, and
production options weight.

Measuring rim: The rim on which a tire is fitted for physical dimension requirements.

Non-pneumatic rim: A mechanical device which, when a non-pneumatic tire assembly incorporates a wheel,

supports the tire, and attaches, either integrally or separably, to the wheel center member and upon which the
tire is attached.

Non-pneumatic spare tire assembly: A non-pneumatic tire assembly intended for temporary use in place of
one of the pneumatic tires and rims that are fitted to a passenger car in compliance with the requirements of
this standard.

Non-pneumatic tire: A mechanical device which transmits, either directly or through a wheel or wheel center
member, the vertical load and tractive forces from the roadway to the vehicle, generates the tractive forces
that provide the directional control of the vehicle and does not rely on the containment of any gas or fluid for
providing those functions.

Non-pneumatic tire assembly: A non-pneumatic tire, alone or in combination with a wheel or wheel center
member, which can be mounted on a vehicle.

Normal occupant weight: This means 68 kilograms (150 lbs.) times the number of occupants specified in
the second column of Table I of 49 CFR 571.110.

Occupant distribution: The distribution of occupants in a vehicle as specified in the third column of Table I of
49 CFR 571.110.

Open splice: Any parting at any junction of tread, sidewall, or innerliner that extends to cord material.

Outer diameter: The overall diameter of an inflated new tire.

Overall width:The linear distance between the exteriors of the sidewalls of an inflated tire, including

elevations due to labeling, decorations, or protective bands or ribs.

Ply: A layer of rubber-coated parallel cords.

Ply separation: A parting of rubber compound between adjacent plies.

Pneumatic tire: A mechanical device made of rubber, chemicals, fabric and steel or other materials, that,

when mounted on an automotive wheel, provides the traction and contains the gas or fluid that sustains the
load.

Production options weight: The combined weight of those installed regular production options weighing
over 2.3 kilograms (5 lbs.) in excess of those standard items which they replace, not previously considered in
curb weight or accessory weight, including heavy duty brakes, ride levelers, roof rack, heavy duty battery, and
special trim.

Radial ply tire: A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at substantially 90
degrees to the centerline of the tread.

Recommended inflation pressure: This is the inflation pressure provided by the vehicle manufacturer on the
Tire Information label and on the Certification / VIN tag.

Reinforced tire: A tire designed to operate at higher loads and at higher inflation pressures than the
corresponding standard tire.

Rim: A metal support for a tire or a tire and tube assembly upon which the tire beads are seated.

Rim diameter: This means the nominal diameter of the bead seat.

Tire Information

Rim size designation: This means the rim diameter and width.

Rim type designation: This means the industry of manufacturer’s designation for a rim by style or code.

Rim width: This means the nominal distance between rim flanges.

Section width: The linear distance between the exteriors of the sidewalls of an inflated tire, excluding

elevations due to labeling, decoration, or protective bands.

Sidewall: That portion of a tire between the tread and bead.

Sidewall separation: The parting of the rubber compound from the cord material in the sidewall.

Special Trailer (ST) tire: The "ST" is an indication the tire is for trailer use only.

Test rim: The rim on which a tire is fitted for testing, and may be any rim listed as appropriate for use with

that tire.

Tread: That portion of a tire that comes into contact with the road.

Tread rib: A tread section running circumferentially around a tire.

Tread separation: Pulling away of the tread from the tire carcass.

Treadwear indicators (TWI): The projections within the principal grooves designed to give a visual indication

of the degrees of wear of the tread.

Vehicle capacity weight: The rated cargo and luggage load plus 68 kilograms (150 lbs.) times the vehicle’s
designated seating capacity.

Vehicle maximum load on the tire: The load on an individual tire that is determined by distributing to each
axle its share of the maximum loaded vehicle weight and dividing by two.

Vehicle normal load on the tire: The load on an individual tire that is determined by distributing to each axle
its share of the curb weight, accessory weight, and normal occupant weight (distributed in accordance with
Table I of CRF 49 571.110) and dividing by 2.

Weather side: The surface area of the rim not covered by the inflated tire.

Wheel center member: In the case of a non-pneumatic tire assembly incorporating a wheel, a mechanical

device which attaches, either integrally or separably, to the non-pneumatic rim and provides the connection
between the non-pneumatic rim and the vehicle; or, in the case of a non-pneumatic tire assembly not
incorporating a wheel, a mechanical device which attaches, either integrally or separably, to the non­pneumatic tire and provides the connection between tire and the vehicle.

Wheel-holding fixture: The fixture used to hold the wheel and tire assembly securely during testing.

2.3. TIRE SAFETY - EVERYTHING RIDES ON IT

The National Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has published a brochure (DOT HS 809 361) that
discusses all aspects of Tire Safety, as required by CFR 575.6. This brochure is reproduced in part below. It
can be obtained and downloaded from NHTSA, free of charge, from the following web site:

http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/cars/rules/TireSafety/ridesonit/tires_index.html

Studies of tire safety show that maintaining proper tire pressure, observing tire and vehicle load limits (not
carrying more weight in your vehicle than your tires or vehicle can safely handle), avoiding road hazards, and

Tire Information

inspecting tires for cuts, slashes, and other irregularities are the most important things you can do to avoid tire
failure, such as tread separation or blowout and flat tires. These actions, along with other care and
maintenance activities, can also:

• Improve vehicle handling

• Help protect you and others from avoidable breakdowns and accidents

• Improve fuel economy

• Increase the life of your tires.

This booklet presents a comprehensive overview of tire safety, including information on the following topics:

• Basic tire maintenance

• Uniform Tire Quality Grading System

• Fundamental characteristics of tires

• Tire safety tips.

Use this information to make tire safety a regular part of your vehicle maintenance routine. Recognize that the
time you spend is minimal compared with the inconvenience and safety consequences of a flat tire or other tire
failure.

2.3.1. SAFETY FIRST–BASIC TIRE MAINTENANCE

Properly maintained tires improve the steering, stopping, traction, and load-carrying capability of your vehicle.
Underinflated tires and overloaded vehicles are a major cause of tire failure. Therefore, as mentioned above,
to avoid flat tires and other types of tire failure, you should maintain proper tire pressure, observe tire and
vehicle load limits, avoid road hazards, and regularly inspect your tires.

2.3.2. FINDING YOUR VEHICLE'S RECOMMENDED TIRE PRESSURE AND LOAD LIMITS

Tire information placards and vehicle certification labels contain information on tires and load limits. These
labels indicate the vehicle manufacturer's information including:

• Recommended tire size

• Recommended tire inflation pressure

• Vehicle capacity weight (VCW–the maximum occupant and cargo weight a vehicle is designed to carry)

• Front and rear gross axle weight ratings (GAWR– the maximum weight the axle systems are designed to

carry).

Both placards and certification labels are permanently attached to the trailer near the left front.

2.3.3. UNDERSTANDING TIRE PRESSURE AND LOAD LIMITS

Tire inflation pressure is the level of air in the tire that provides it with load-carrying capacity and affects the
overall performance of the vehicle. The tire inflation pressure is a number that indicates the amount of air
pressure– measured in pounds per square inch (psi)–a tire requires to be properly inflated. (You will also find
this number on the vehicle information placard expressed in kilopascals (kPa), which is the metric measure
used internationally.)
Manufacturers of passenger vehicles and light trucks determine this number based on the vehicle's design
load limit, that is, the greatest amount of weight a vehicle can safely carry and the vehicle's tire size. The
proper tire pressure for your vehicle is referred to as the "recommended cold inflation pressure." (As you will
read below, it is difficult to obtain the recommended tire pressure if your tires are not cold.)
Because tires are designed to be used on more than one type of vehicle, tire manufacturers list the "maximum
permissible inflation pressure" on the tire sidewall. This number is the greatest amount of air pressure that
should ever be put in the tire under normal driving conditions.

2.3.4. CHECKING TIRE PRESSURE

It is important to check your vehicle's tire pressure at least once a month for the following reasons:

Tire Information

• Most tires may naturally lose air over time.

• Tires can lose air suddenly if you drive over a pothole or other object or if you strike the curb when

parking.

• With radial tires, it is usually not possible to determine underinflation by visual inspection.

For convenience, purchase a tire pressure gauge to keep in your vehicle. Gauges can be purchased at tire
dealerships, auto supply stores, and other retail outlets.
The recommended tire inflation pressure that vehicle manufacturers provide reflects the proper psi when a tire
is cold. The term cold does not relate to the outside temperature. Rather, a cold tire is one that has not been
driven on for at least three hours. When you drive, your tires get warmer, causing the air pressure within them
to increase. Therefore, to get an accurate tire pressure reading, you must measure tire pressure when the tires
are cold or compensate for the extra pressure in warm tires.

2.3.5. STEPS FOR MAINTAINING PROPER TIRE PRESSURE

• Step 1: Locate the recommended tire pressure on the vehicle's tire information placard, certification label,
or in the owner's manual.

• Step 2: Record the tire pressure of all tires.

• Step 3: If the tire pressure is too high in any of the tires, slowly release air by gently pressing on the tire

valve stem with the edge of your tire gauge until you get to the correct pressure.

• Step 4: If the tire pressure is too low, note the difference between the measured tire pressure and the
correct tire pressure. These "missing" pounds of pressure are what you will need to add.

• Step 5: At a service station, add the missing pounds of air pressure to each tire that is underinflated.

• Step 6: Check all the tires to make sure they have the same air pressure (except in cases in which the

front and rear tires are supposed to have different amounts of pressure).

If you have been driving your vehicle and think that a tire is underinflated, fill it to the recommended cold
inflation pressure indicated on your vehicle's tire information placard or certification label. While your tire may
still be slightly underinflated due to the extra pounds of pressure in the warm tire, it is safer to drive with air
pressure that is slightly lower than the vehicle manufacturer's recommended cold inflation pressure than to
drive with a significantly underinflated tire. Since this is a temporary fix, don't forget to recheck and adjust the
tire's pressure when you can obtain a cold reading.

2.3.6. TIRE SIZE

To maintain tire safety, purchase new tires that are the same size as the vehicle's original tires or another size
recommended by the manufacturer. Look at the tire information placard, the owner's manual, or the sidewall of
the tire you are replacing to find this information. If you have any doubt about the correct size to choose,
consult with the tire dealer.

2.3.7. TIRE TREAD

The tire tread provides the gripping action and traction that prevent your vehicle from slipping or sliding,
especially when the road is wet or icy. In general, tires are not safe and should be replaced when the tread is
worn down to 1/16 of an inch. Tires have built-in treadwear indicators that let you know when it is time to
replace your tires. These indicators are raised sections spaced intermittently in the bottom of the tread
grooves. When they appear "even" with the outside of the tread, it is time to replace your tires. Another
method for checking tread depth is to place a penny in the tread with Lincoln's head upside down and facing
you. If you can see the top of Lincoln's head, you are ready for new tires.

2.3.8. TIRE BALANCE AND WHEEL ALIGNMENT

To avoid vibration or shaking of the vehicle when a tire rotates, the tire must be properly balanced. This
balance is achieved by positioning weights on the wheel to counterbalance heavy spots on the wheel-and-tire
assembly. A wheel alignment adjusts the angles of the wheels so that they are positioned correctly relative to
the vehicle's frame. This adjustment maximizes the life of your tires. These adjustments require special
equipment and should be performed by a qualified technician.

Tire Information

2.3.9. TIRE REPAIR

The proper repair of a punctured tire requires a plug for the hole and a patch for the area inside the tire that
surrounds the puncture hole. Punctures through the tread can be repaired if they are not too large, but
punctures to the sidewall should not be repaired. Tires must be removed from the rim to be properly inspected
before being plugged and patched.

2.3.10. TIRE FUNDAMENTALS

Federal law requires tire manufacturers to place standardized information on the sidewall of all tires. This
information identifies and describes the fundamental characteristics of the tire and also provides a tire
identification number for safety standard certification and in case of a recall.

2.3.10.1. Information on Passenger Vehicle Tires

Please refer to the diagram below.

P

The "P" indicates the tire is for passenger vehicles.

Next number

This three-digit number gives the width in millimeters of the tire from sidewall edge to sidewall edge. In
general, the larger the number, the wider the tire.

Next number

This two-digit number, known as the aspect ratio, gives the tire's ratio of height to width. Numbers of 70 or
lower indicate a short sidewall for improved steering response and better overall handling on dry pavement.

R
The "R" stands for radial. Radial ply construction of tires has been the industry standard for the past 20 years.

Next number

This two-digit number is the wheel or rim diameter in inches. If you change your wheel size, you will have to
purchase new tires to match the new wheel diameter.

Next number

This two- or three-digit number is the tire's load index. It is a measurement of how much weight each tire can
support. You may find this information in your owner's manual. If not, contact a local tire dealer. Note: You may
not find this information on all tires because it is not required by law.

Tire Information

M+S

The "M+S" or "M/S" indicates that the tire has some mud and snow capability. Most radial tires have these
markings; hence, they have some mud and snow capability.

U.S. DOT Tire Identification Number

This begins with the letters "DOT" and indicates that the tire meets all federal standards. The next two
numbers or letters are the plant code where it was manufactured, and the last four numbers represent the
week and year the tire was built. For example, the numbers 3197 means the 31st week of 1997. The other
numbers are marketing codes used at the manufacturer's discretion. This information is used to contact
consumers if a tire defect requires a recall.

Tire Ply Composition and Materials Used

The number of plies indicates the number of layers of rubber-coated fabric in the tire. In general, the greater
the number of plies, the more weight a tire can support. Tire manufacturers also must indicate the materials in
the tire, which include steel, nylon, polyester, and others.

Maximum Load Rating

This number indicates the maximum load in kilograms and pounds that can be carried by the tire.

Maximum Permissible Inflation Pressure

This number is the greatest amount of air pressure that should ever be put in the tire under normal driving
conditions.

2.3.10.2. UTQGS Information

Treadwear Number

This number indicates the tire's wear rate. The higher the treadwear number is, the longer it should take for the
tread to wear down. For example, a tire graded 400 should last twice as long as a tire graded 200.

Traction Letter

This letter indicates a tire's ability to stop on wet pavement. A higher graded tire should allow you to stop your
car on wet roads in a shorter distance than a tire with a lower grade. Traction is graded from highest to lowest
as "AA","A", "B", and "C".

Temperature Letter

This letter indicates a tire's resistance to heat. The temperature grade is for a tire that is inflated properly and
not overloaded. Excessive speed, underinflation or excessive loading, either separately or in combination, can
cause heat build-up and possible tire failure. From highest to lowest, a tire's resistance to heat is graded as
"A", "B", or "C".

2.3.10.3. Additional Information on Light Truck Tires

Please refer to the following diagram.

Tire Information

Tires for light trucks have other markings besides those found on the sidewalls of passenger tires.

LT

The "LT" indicates the tire is for light trucks or trailers.

ST

An "ST" is an indication the tire is for trailer use only.

Max. Load Dual kg (lbs) at kPa (psi) Cold

This information indicates the maximum load and tire pressure when the tire is used as a dual, that is, when
four tires are put on each rear axle (a total of six or more tires on the vehicle).

Max. Load Single kg (lbs) at kPa (psi) Cold

This information indicates the maximum load and tire pressure when the tire is used as a single.

Load Range

This information identifies the tire's load-carrying capabilities and its inflation limits.

2.3.11. TIRE SAFETY TIPS

Preventing Tire Damage

• Slow down if you have to go over a pothole or other object in the road.

• Do not run over curbs or other foreign objects in the roadway, and try not to strike the curb when parking.

Tire Safety Checklist

• Check tire pressure regularly (at least once a month), including the spare.

• Inspect tires for uneven wear patterns on the tread, cracks, foreign objects, or other signs of wear or

trauma.

• Remove bits of glass and foreign objects wedged in the tread.

• Make sure your tire valves have valve caps.

• Check tire pressure before going on a long trip.

• Do not overload your vehicle. Check the Tire Information and Loading Placard or User’s Manual for the

maximum recommended load for the vehicle.

Tire Information

2.4. TIRE REGISTRATION

TIRE REGISTRATION

In accordance with Title 49 CFR 574.1, the following tire registration

information must be filled out and returned to Bonnell Industries:

Company Name: ____________________________

Contact: ___________________________________

Address: ___________________________________

City: ______________________________________

State: __________ Zip: _______________________

Model Number: _____________________________

Serial Number: ______________________________

TIN: DOT __________________________________

SPARE TIN: ________________________________

Date of Purchase: ___________________________

The Tire Identification Number (TIN) can be found on the side wall of the tire.

The number begins with “DOT”, and ends with a four-number date code.

Please Complete Form and fax to:

815-284-8815

Coupling to the Tow Vehicle

3. COUPLING TO THE TOW VEHICLE

Follow all of the safety precautions and instructions in this manual to ensure safety of persons,
cargo, and satisfactory life of the trailer.

3.1. USE AN ADEQUATE TOW VEHICLE AND HITCH

If the vehicle or hitch is not properly selected and matched to the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating
(GVWR) of your trailer, you can cause an accident that could lead to death or serious injury. If
you already have a tow vehicle, know your vehicle tow rating, and Gross Combination Weight
Rating (GCWR) and make certain the trailer’s rated capacity is less than or equal to the tow
vehicle’s rated towing capacity. If you already have (or plan to buy) a trailer, make certain that
the tow rating of the tow vehicle is equal to or greater than the GVWR of the trailer, and that the
GCWR will be within limits.

^ Danger

Use of a hitch with a load rating less than the load rating of the trailer can
result in loss of control and may lead to death or serious injury.

Use of a tow vehicle with a towing capacity less than the load rating of the
trailer can result in loss of control, and may lead to death or serious injury.

Be sure your hitch and tow vehicle are rated for the Gross Vehicle Weight
Rating (GVWR) of your trailer.

3.2. CERTIFICATION / VIN TAG

The VIN tag is located on the driver’s side, near the front of the trailer. The VIN Tag contains the
following critical safety information for the use of your trailer:

MANUFACTURER: Name of trailer manufacturer

DATE OF MANUFACTURE: Month and year the trailer was manufactured.

GVWR: The Gross Vehicle Weight Rating is the maximum allowable gross weight of the trailer

and its contents. The gross weight of the trailer includes the weight of the trailer and all of the
items within it (such as cargo, water, food and other supplies).

GAWR: The Gross Axle Weight Rating is the maximum gross weight that an axle can support. It
is the lowest of axle, wheel, or tire rating. Sometimes the tire or wheel rating is lower than the
axle manufacturers rating, and will then determine GAWR.

The sum total of the GAWR for all trailer axles may be less than the GVWR for the trailer,
because some of the trailer load is carried by the tow vehicle, rather than by the trailer axle(s).
The total weight of the cargo and trailer must not exceed the GVWR, and the load on an axle
must not exceed its GAWR.

TIRE SIZE: The tire size recommended for your trailer and load range.

PSIC: The “pounds per square inch- cold” is the tire pressure (Kilopascals / Pounds per Square

Inch) measured when Cold.

CERTIFICATION STATEMENT: “This trailer meets all the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety
Standards in effect on the date of manufacture shown above”.

VIN: The Vehicle Identification Number.

Coupling to the Tow Vehicle

VEHICLE TYPE: Generally the word “trailer” is used. However, after this you may put a Model #,
or additional descriptor.

3.3. COUPLING AND UNCOUPLING THE TRAILER

A secure coupling (or fastening) of the trailer to the tow vehicle is essential. A loss of coupling
may result in death or serious injury. Therefore, you must understand and follow all of the
instructions for coupling.

The following parts are involved in making a secure coupling between the trailer and tow vehicle:

Coupling: That part of the trailer connecting mechanism by which the connection is actually
made to the trailer hitch. This does not include any structural member, extension of the trailer
frame, or brake controller.

Hitch: That part of the connecting mechanism including the ball support platform and ball and
those components that extend and are attached to the towing vehicle, including bumpers
intended to serve as hitches.)

Weight Distributing Hitch (or Equalizing Hitch): A mechanical device that connects the trailer
to the towing vehicle and by means of leverage applied on both the trailer and towing vehicle
structures, when properly adjusted, distributes the imposed vertical load at the hitch and coupling
connection between structures of the towing vehicle and trailer.

Weight Carrying Hitch: A mechanical and/or structural device that connects the trailer to the
towing vehicle and that does not employ features designed to redistruibute the load imposed at
the hitch and carrying connection.

Safety chains or cables: Chains or cables permanently attached to the trailer such that if the
coupler connection comes loose, the safety chains or cables can keep the trailer attached to the
tow vehicle. With properly rigged safety chains or cables, it is possible to keep the tongue of the
trailer from digging into the road pavement, even if the coupler-to-hitch connection comes apart.
Some states do not allow safety cables, e.g. Pennsylvania; therefore it may be wise to check with
the State Police to see if your state has any restrictions on the use of safety cables, if your trailer
is so equipped.

Trailer lighting (and braking) connector: A device that connects electrical power from the tow
vehicle to the trailer. Electricity is used to turn on brake lights, running lights, and turn signals as
required. In addition, if your trailer has a separate braking system, the electrical connector will
also supply power to the trailer brakes from the tow vehicle.

Breakaway switch: If the trailer becomes de-coupled from the towing vehicle, the breakaway
switch lanyard, attached independently to the tow vehicle hitch, will pull a pin in the emergency
electrical break-away switch on the trailer. The breakaway switch is activated by a separate
battery supply in the trailer such as to energize the trailer brakes independently of the towing
vehicle. It is important to check the state of charge of the emergency break-away battery before
each trip. Simply pull the pin out of the switch by hand and then try to pull the trailer. If you feel a
significant drag force the brakes are activated. Be sure to re-insert the pin in the break-away
switch. Also be sure to allow enough slack in the break-away brake lanyard such that the switch
will only activate (pin pulls out) if the coupler connection comes loose. For additional details refer
to Section 3.3.4

Jack: A device on the trailer that is used to raise and lower the trailer tongue. On larger trailers
the jack is sometimes called the “landing gear.”

Coupling to the Tow Vehicle

^ WARNING

An improperly coupled trailer can result in death or serious injury.

Do not move the trailer until:

The coupler is secured and locked to hitch;

The safety chains are secured to the tow vehicle; and

The trailer jack(s) are fully retracted.

Do not tow the trailer on the road until:

Tires and wheels are checked;

The trailer brakes are checked;

The breakaway switch is connected to the tow vehicle;

The load is secured to the trailer; and

The trailer lights are connected and checked.

3.3.1. VARIOUS COUPLER DESIGNS

Trailers are produced with a variety of coupler devices. One of the sections below will pertain to
your trailer. If the coupler on your trailer does not resemble one of the couplers shown in the
figures, see the separate coupler instructions. If you do not have separate coupler instructions,
call Bonnell Industries, Inc at 800-851-9664 for a free copy.

3.3.2. TRAILER WITH BALL-HITCH COUPLER

A ball hitch coupler connects to a ball that is located on or under the rear bumper of tow vehicle.
This system of coupling a trailer to a tow vehicle is sometimes referred to as “bumper pull.”

THE TOW VEHICLE, HITCH AND BALL MUST HAVE A RATED TOWING CAPACITY EQUAL
TO OR GREATER THAN THE TRAILER GROSS VEHICLE WEIGHT RATING (GVWR).

IT IS ESSENTIAL THAT THE HITCH BALL BE OF THE SAME SIZE AS THE COUPLER.

The ball size and load rating (capacity) are marked on the ball; hitch capacity is marked on the
hitch.

Coupling to the Tow Vehicle

3.3.2.1. Before coupling the trailer to the tow vehicle

^ WARNING

Coupler-to-hitch mismatch can result in uncoupling, leading to death or
serious injury.

Be sure the LOAD RATING of the hitch ball is equal or greater than the load
rating of the coupler.

Be sure the SIZE of the hitch ball matches the size of the coupler.

Wipe the hitch ball clean and inspect it visually and by feel for flat spots, cracks and pits.

^ WARNING

A worn, cracked or corroded hitch ball can fail while towing, and may result in
death or serious injury.

Before coupling trailer, inspect the hitch ball for wear, corrosion and cracks.

Replace worn or damaged hitch ball.

Rock the ball to make sure it is tight to the hitch, and visually check that the hitch ball nut is solid
against the lock washer and hitch frame.

Wipe the inside and outside of the coupler clean and inspect it visually for cracks and
deformations; feel the inside of the coupler for worn spots and pits.

Be sure the coupler is tight to the tongue of the trailer. All coupler fasteners must be visibly solid
against the trailer frame.

^ WARNING

A loose hitchball nut can result in uncoupling, leading to death or serious
injury.

Be sure the hitch ball is tight to the hitch before coupling the trailer.

Raise the bottom surface of the coupler to be above the top of the hitch ball. Use the jack if one
is provided; otherwise, use wood or concrete blocks to support the trailer tongue.
Prepare the coupler and hitch
Lubricate the hitch ball and the inside of the coupler with a thin layer of automotive bearing
grease. If your trailer is equipped with a jack, raise the coupler above the ball height.

Open the coupler locking mechanism. Ball couplers have a locking mechanism with an internal
moving piece (ball clamp) and an outside handle, wheel, or latch.

In the open position, the coupler is able to drop fully onto the hitch ball.
See the coupler instructions for details of placing the coupler in the “open” position.

Slowly back up the tow vehicle so that the hitch ball is near or aligned under the coupler, if the
trailer jack has raised the coupler.

Couple the trailer to the tow vehicle
If your trailer does not have a jack, you will have to lift the coupler and place it over the ball.

Coupling to the Tow Vehicle

If you have a jack, lower the trailer tongue until the coupler fully engages the hitch ball. If the
coupler does not line up with the hitch ball, adjust the position of the tow vehicle.

Engage the coupler locking mechanism. In the engaged position, the locking mechanism
securely holds the coupler to the hitch ball.

Insert a pin or lock through the hole in the locking mechanism.

Be sure the coupler is all the way on the hitch ball and the locking mechanism is engaged. A
properly engaged locking mechanism will allow the coupler to raise the rear of the tow vehicle.
Using the trailer jack, test to see that you can raise the rear of the tow vehicle by 1 inch, after the
coupler is locked to the hitch.

If the coupler cannot be secured to the hitch ball, do not tow the trailer. Call Bonnell
Industries, Inc at 800-851-9664 or your dealer for assistance.

Lower the trailer so that its entire tongue weight is held by the hitch, and continue retracting the
jack to its fully retraced position.

3.3.3. RIG THE SAFETY CHAINS

Visually inspect the safety chains and hooks for wear or damage. Replace worn or damaged
safety chains and hooks before towing.

Rig the safety chains so that they:

• Criss-cross underneath the coupler so if the trailer uncouples, the safety chains can hold
the tongue up above the road.

• Loop around a frame member of the tow vehicle or to holes provided in the hitch system
(but, do not attach them to an interchangeable part of the hitch assembly)

• Attach hooks up from underneath the hole (do not just drop into hole); and

• Provide enough slack to permit tight turns, but not be close to the road surface to drag.

3.3.4. ATTACH AND TEST ELECTRIC BREAKAWAY BRAKE SYSTEM

If the coupler or hitch fails, a properly connected and working breakaway brake system will apply
electric brakes on the trailer. The safety chains will keep the tow vehicle attached and as the

Coupling to the Tow Vehicle

brakes are applied at the trailer’s axles, the trailer/tow vehicle combination will come to a
controlled stop.

The breakaway brake system includes a battery, a switch with a pull-pin, and a lanyard. Read
and follow the instructions here as well as the instructions that have been prepared by the
breakaway brake manufacturer. These instructions follow on page 99.

The breakaway brake system may be fitted with a “charging” capability that draws power from the
tow vehicle. If the electrical system on your tow vehicle does not provide power to the breakaway
brake battery, you must periodically charge the battery to keep the breakaway brake system in
working order.

Connect the pullpin lanyard to the tow vehicle so that the pullpin will be pulled out before all of the
slack in the safety chains is taken up (see Breakaway Brake System figure). Do not connect the
pullpin cable to a safety chain or to the hitch ball or hitch ball assembly. This would keep the
breakaway brake system from operating when it is needed.

To test the break-away brake battery, remove the pullpin from the switch and attempt to pull the
trailer forward. You should feel the trailer resisting being towed, but the wheels will not
necessarily be locked. If the brakes do not function, do not tow the trailer until brakes, or battery,
are repaired.

Immediately replace the pullpin. The breakaway brake system battery discharges rapidly when
the pullpin is removed.

^ WARNING

An ineffective breakaway brake system can result in a runaway trailer, leading
to death or serious injury if the coupler or ball hitch fails.

Connect the breakaway cable to the tow vehicle; and NOT to the hitch, ball or
support.

Before towing the trailer, test the function of the breakaway brake system. If
the breakaway brake system is not working, do not tow the trailer. Have it
serviced or repaired.

Do not tow the trailer with the breakaway brake system ON because the brakes will overheat
which can result in permanent brake failure.

Coupling to the Tow Vehicle

^ WARNING

Failure to replace the pullpin will prevent brakes from working, leading to loss
of control, serious injury or death.

If you do not use your trailer for three or more months, or during winter months:

Store the battery indoors; and

• Charge the battery every three months.

• Replace the breakaway brake battery according to the intervals specified by battery

manufacturer.

• Connect the electrical cables

• Connect the trailer lights to the tow vehicle's electrical system using the electrical

connectors.

• Check all lights for proper operation.

o Clearance and Running Lights (Turn on tow vehicle headlights).
o Brake Lights (Step on tow vehicle brake pedal).
o Turn Signals (Operate tow vehicle directional signal lever).

Check electric brakes for proper operation using brake controller mounted in the cab.

Your tow vehicle will have an electric brake controller that sends power to the trailer brakes.
Before towing the trailer on the road, you must operate the brake controller while trying to pull the
trailer in order to confirm that the electric brakes operate. While towing the trailer at less than 5
m.p.h., manually operate the electric brake controller in the tow vehicle cab. You should feel the
operation of the trailer brakes.

^ WARNING

Improper electrical connection between the tow vehicle and the trailer will
result in inoperable lights and electric brakes, and can lead to collision.

Before each tow:

Check that the taillights, brake lights and turn signals work

Check that the electric brakes work by operating the brake controller inside the
tow vehicle

Uncoupling the Ball Hitch Trailer with Tongue Jack
Follow these steps to uncouple your ball hitch trailer from the tow vehicle:

• Block trailer tires to prevent the trailer from rolling, before jacking the trailer up.

• Disconnect the electrical connector.

• Disconnect the breakaway brake switch lanyard.

• Disconnect the safety chains from the tow vehicle.

• Unlock the coupler and open it.

• Before extending jack, make certain the ground surface below the jack pad will support

the tongue load.

• Rotate the jack handle (or crank) clockwise. This will slowly extend the jack and transfer
the weight of the trailer tongue to the jack.

Checking the Trailer Before & During Each Tow

4. CHECKING THE TRAILER BEFORE AND DURING EACH TOW

4.1. PRE-TOW CHECKLIST

Before towing, double-check all of these items: See section 6.1, “Inspection, Service &
Maintenance Summary Charts,” for more information.

Tires, wheels and lug nuts (see the Major Hazards section starting on page 6 of this manual)

• Tire Pressure. Inflate tire on trailer and tow vehicle to the pressure stated on the VIN /
Certification label.

• Coupler secured and locked (see the “Coupling and Uncoupling the Trailer” section starting
on page 27 of this manual)

• Safety chains properly rigged to tow vehicle, not to hitch or ball (see the “Coupling to the Tow
Vehicle” chapter starting at Page 26 of this manual)

• Test of lights: Tail, Stop, and Turn Lights

• Test trailer brakes.

• Safety breakaway switch cable fastened to tow vehicle, not to safety chains (see the

“Coupling to the Tow Vehicle” chapter starting at Page 26 of this manual)

• Fire extinguisher

• Flares and reflectors

4.2. MAKE REGULAR STOPS

After each 50 miles, or one hour of towing, stop and check the following items:

• Coupler secured

• Safety chains are fastened and not dragging

Breaking-In a New Trailer

5. BREAKING-IN A NEW TRAILER

5.1. RETIGHTEN LUG NUTS AT FIRST 10, 25 & 50 MILES

Wheel lugs can shift and settle quickly after being first assembled, and must be checked after the
first 10, 25 and 50 miles of driving. Failure to perform this check may result in a wheel coming
loose from the trailer, causing a crash leading to death or serious injury.

^ WARNING

Lug nuts are prone to loosen after initial installation, which can lead to death
or serious injury.

Check lug nuts for tightness on a new trailer or when wheel(s) have been
remounted after the first 10, 25 and 50 miles of driving.

See Section 6.2.9.2 page 42 on Proper Tourqing Technique.

5.2. ADJUST BRAKE SHOES AT FIRST 200 MILES

Brake shoes and drums experience a rapid initial wear. The brakes must be adjusted after the
first 200 miles of use, and each 3,000 miles thereafter. Some axles are fitted with a mechanism
that will automatically adjust the brake shoes when the trailer is “hard braked” from a rearward
direction. Read your axle and brake manual to see if your brakes adjust automatically. If you do
not have the axle and brake manual, call Bonnell Industries, Inc at 800-851-9664 for a free copy.

A hard stop is used to:

• Confirm that the brakes work;

• Confirm that the trailer brakes are properly synchronized with the tow vehicle brakes

using the brake controller in the tow vehicle

• Adjust the brake shoes as necessary.

• For surge brakes check the Master cylinder reservoir for fluid.

If your trailer is not fitted with automatically adjusting brakes, the brakes will need to be manually
adjusted. See section 6.2.3.2, “Manually Adjusting Brake Shoes,” for instructions.

5.3. SYNCHRONIZING THE BRAKE SYSTEMS

Trailer brakes are designed to work in synchronization with the brakes on the tow vehicle. When
the tow vehicle and trailer braking systems are synchronized, both braking systems contribute to
slowing, and the tongue of the trailer will neither dive nor rise sharply.

^ WARNING

If trailer and tow vehicle brakes do not work properly together, death or
serious injury can occur.

Road test the brakes in a safe area at no more than 30 m.p.h. before each tow

To insure safe brake performance and synchronization, read and follow the axle/brake and the
brake controller manufacturers’ instructions. If you do not have these instructions, call Bonnell
Industries, Inc at 800-851-9664 for a free copy.

TIRE PRESSURE
Check tire pressures on both the trailer and tow vehicle. Inflate to the maximum shown on the
VIN / Certification Label.

Inspection, Service, and Maintenance

6. INSPECTION, SERVICE & MAINTENANCE

6.1. INSPECTION, SERVICE & MAINTENANCE SUMMARY CHARTS

You must inspect, maintain and service your trailer regularly to insure safe and
reliable operation. If you cannot or are unsure how to perform the items listed here,
have your dealer do them. Note: In addition to this manual, also check the relevant

component manufacturer's manual. Inspection and Service before Each Use

Item

Inspection / Service

Manual Section Reference

Breakaway Brakes

> Electric

Check operation

Section 6.2.3.3

Breakaway Battery

Fully charged, connections
clean

Section 6.2.3.3.A.(i)

Brakes, all types

Check operation

Section 5.3

Shoes and Drums

Adjust

Section 5.2 & 6.2.3.2

Coupler and Hitch Ball

Check for cracks, pits, and
flats. Replace w/ball & coupler
having trailer GVW Rating.

Grease.

Check locking device & replace.

Section 6.2.4.1

Safety Chain(s) & Hooks

Check for wear and damage

Sections 3.3.3

Tires

Check tire pressure when cold.
Inflate as needed.

Sections 4.1 & 6.2.7

Wheels - Lug Nuts (Bolts) &
Hub

Check for tightness

Tighten. For new and
remounted wheels, check
torque after first 10, 25 & 50
miles of driving and after any
impact

Section 4.1

Sections 5.1 & 6.2.9.2

Inspection, Service, and Maintenance

Inspection and Service each 6 Months or 6,000 Miles

Item

Inspection / Service

Manual Section Reference

Tires

Rotate @ 5,000 miles

Section 6.2.7

Brakes, electric

> Magnets

> Controller (in tow vehicle)

Check wear and current draw

Check power output (amperage)
and modulation

Section 6.2.3.3.C

Section 6.2.3.3.B

See Controller Mfr’s Manual

Tires

Inspect tread and sidewalls
thoroughly.

Replace tire when treads are
worn, when sidewall has a
bulge, or sidewall is worn

Section 6.2.7

Section 6.2.7

Inspection and Service Each Year or 12,000 Miles

Item

Inspection / Service

Manual Section Reference

Brakes, all types

> Shoes and drums

Check for scoring and wear.
Replace per manufacturer’s
specifications

Section 6.2.3.1

See Brake Mfr’s Manual
Jack, Drop-leg

Grease gears at top

See Jack Mfr’s Manual

Structure

> Frame members

> Welds

Inspect all frame members,
bolts & rivets. Repair or replace
damaged, worn or broken parts.

Inspect all welds. Repair as
needed

Section 6.2.1

Section 6.2.2.2

Wheels

> Sealed Bearings (Hubs)

> UNSEALED Bearings (Hubs)

> Rims

Check and confirm free running.
Replace if not (sealed bearings
are not serviceable)

Disassemble / inspect /
assemble and repack. Replace
promptly if immersed in water

Inspect for cracks & dents.
Replace as needed.

Section 6.2.9

Section 6.2.9.1

See Axle Mfr’s Manual

Section 6.2.8

Structure

> Axle Attachment Bolts

Check BY DEALER

Section 6.2.1

6.2. INSPECTION AND SERVICE INSTRUCTIONS

6.2.1. AXLE BOLTS, FRAME, SUSPENSION, & STRUCTURE

^ WARNING

Worn or broken suspension parts can cause loss of control and injury may
result.

Have trailer professionally inspected annually and after any impact.

Inspection, Service, and Maintenance

To perform many of the inspection and maintenance activities, you must jack up the trailer. When jacking and
using jack stands, place them so as to clear wiring, brake lines, and suspension parts (springs, torsion bars,
etc.). Place jacks and jack stands directly under the side tube members of the trailer frame.

Refer to the axle manual for service information. Bonnell Industries does not service axles. Refer to your local
axle dealer for service requirements.

^ WARNING

Never crawl under your trailer unless it is on firm and level ground and resting on
properly placed and secured jack stands.

6.2.2. TRAILER STRUCTURE

Because the trailer floor receives the most abuse, it will most likely corrode before any other part of the
structure.

6.2.2.1. Fasteners and Frame Members

Inspect all of the fasteners and structural frame members for bending and other damage, cracks, or failure.
Repair or replace any damaged fastener and repair the frame member. If you have any questions about the
condition or method of repair of fasteners or frame members, get the recommendation of, or have the repair
done by, your dealer.

^ WARNING

Worn or broken suspension parts can cause loss of control and injury may
result.

Have trailer professionally inspected annually and after any impact.

6.2.2.2. Welds

All welds can crack or fail when subjected to heavy loads or movement of cargo that was not properly tied to
prevent movement. Any time that you know or suspect that the trailer has been subjected to heavy loads or
movement of cargo, immediately inspect the welds and fasteners for damage. To prevent severe damage to
your trailer, inspect all of the welds for cracks or failure at least once a year.

^ WARNING

Improper weld repair will lead to early failure of the trailer structure and can cause serious
injury or death.

Do not repair cracked or broken welds unless you have the skills and equipment to make a
proper repair. If not, have the welds repaired by your dealer.

6.2.3. TRAILER BRAKES

6.2.3.1. Brake Shoes and Drums

Properly functioning brake shoes and drums are essential to ensure safety. You must have your dealer
inspect these components at least once per year, or each 12,000 miles.

The brake shoes must be adjusted after the first 200 miles of use, and each 3,000 miles thereafter. Most
axles are fitted with a brake mechanism that will automatically adjust the brake shoes when the trailer is “hard

Inspection, Service, and Maintenance

braked” from a rearward direction. Read your axle and brake manual to see how to adjust your brakes. If you
do not have this manual, call Bonnell Industries, Inc at 800-851-9664 for a free copy.

6.2.3.2. Manually Adjusting Brake Shoes

Most braking systems are not automatically adjusted by hard stopping. These brakes require manual
adjustment. The following steps apply to adjust most manually adjustable brakes. Read your axle and brake
manual to see how to adjust your brakes. If you do not have this manual, call Bonnell Industries, Inc at 800­851-9664 for a free copy.

Jack up the trailer and secure it on adequate capacity jack stands.
Be sure the wheel and brake drum rotate freely.
Remove the adjusting-hole cover from the adjusting slot on the bottom of the brake backing plate.
With a screwdriver or standard adjusting tool, rotate the starwheel of the adjuster assembly to expand the
brake shoes. Adjust the brake shoes out until the pressure of the linings against the drum makes the wheel
very difficult to turn. Note: Your trailer maybe equipped with drop spindle axles. See axle manual for your
axle type. You will need a modified adjusting tool for adjusting the brakes in these axles. With drop spindle
axles, a modified adjusting tool with about an 80 degree angle should be used.
Rotate the starwheel in the opposite direction until the wheel turns freely with a slight drag.
Replace the adjusting-hole cover.
Repeat the above procedure on all brakes.
Lower the trailer to the ground.

6.2.3.3. Brakes, Electric

Two different types of electric brakes may be present on the trailer: an emergency electric breakaway system,
which acts only if the trailer comes loose from the hitch and the breakaway pin is pulled. The other brake is an
electric braking system that acts whenever the brakes of the tow vehicle are applied.

6.2.3.3.A. B

REAKAWAY BRAKE

6.2.3.3.A.(i) B

REAKAWAY BATTERY

This battery supplies the power to operate the trailer brakes if the trailer uncouples from the tow vehicle. Be
sure to check, maintain and replace the battery according to the battery manufacturer’ instructions.

^ Caution

Extreme cold weather can degrade battery performance and cause brakes to
not operate properly. Always check battery charge level before towing.

6.2.3.3.A.(ii) BREAKAWAY SWITCH

This switch causes the breakaway battery to operate the electric brakes if the trailer uncouples from the tow
vehicle.

The pull cable for the pull pin is connected to the tow vehicle, and the switch is connected to the trailer. To
check for proper functioning of the switch, battery and brakes, you must pull the pin from the switch and
confirm that the brakes apply to each wheel. You can do this by trying to pull the trailer with the tow vehicle,
after pulling the pin. The trailer brakes may not lock, but you will notice that a greater force is needed to pull
the trailer.

Inspection, Service, and Maintenance

^ WARNING

If electric breakaway brakes do not operate when trailer is uncoupled from the
tow vehicle, death or serious injury can occur.

Check emergency breakaway brake system BEFORE each tow.

6.2.3.3.B. TOW VEHICLE OPERATED ELECTRIC BRAKES

The electric brakes that operate in conjunction with the tow vehicle brakes must be “synchronized” so that
braking is properly distributed to the tow vehicle brakes and the trailer brakes. For proper operation and
synchronization, read and follow the axle/brake and the brake controller manufacturers’ instructions. If you do
not have these instructions, call Bonnell Industries, Inc at 800-851-9664 for a free copy.

6.2.3.3.C. M

AGNETS FOR ALL ELECTRIC BRAKES

To make certain an electrically-operated braking system will function properly, you must have your dealer
inspect the magnets at least once a year, or each 12,000 miles. See the brake manual for wear and current
inspection instructions.

6.2.4. TRAILER CONNECTION TO TOW VEHICLE

Inspect the towing pintle and safety chains periodically for wear, damage, cracks or missing parts. Replace as
necessary.

6.2.4.1. Coupler and Ball (if equipped)

The coupler on the trailer connects to the ball attached to the hitch on the tow vehicle. The coupler, ball and
hitch transfer the towing forces between the tow vehicle and the trailer. Before each tow, coat the ball with a
thin layer of automotive bearing grease to reduce wear and ensure proper operation; and check the locking
device that secures the coupler to the ball for proper operation.

See the coupler manufacturer’s manual for other inspection and maintenance activities. If you do not have this
manual, call Bonnell Industries, Inc at 800-851-9664 for a free copy.

If you see or feel evidence of wear, such as flat spots, deformations, pitting or corrosion, on the ball or coupler,
immediately have your dealer inspect them to determine the proper action to prevent possible failure of the ball
and coupler system. All bent or broken coupler parts must be replaced before towing the trailer.

The coupler handle lever must be able to rotate freely and automatically snap into the latched position. Oil the
pivot points, sliding surfaces, and spring ends with SAE 30W motor oil. Keep the ball pocket and latch
mechanism clean. Dirt or contamination can prevent proper operation of the latching mechanism.

When replacing a ball, the load rating must match or exceed the GVWR of the trailer.

Inspection, Service, and Maintenance

6.2.5. TRAILER JACK

HYDRAULIC:
The optional hydraulic trailer jack is equipped with a pilot operated check valve to eliminate bleed down of the
hydraulic cylinder. NOTE: FOR ELECTRIC OVER HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS, THE ENGINE NEEDS TO BE
RUNNING TO RAISE THE JACK.

MANUAL:
If a grease fitting is present, you must use a grease gun to lubricate the jack mechanism. Grease the gears in
the top of hand-cranked jacks once a year, by removing the top of the jack and pumping or hand packing
grease into the gears.

6.2.6. LIGHTS AND SIGNALS

Before each tow, check the trailer taillights, stoplights, turn signals and any clearance lights for proper
operation.

^ WARNING

Improper operating taillights, stoplights and turn signals can cause collisions.

Check all lights before each tow.

6.2.7. TIRES

Trailer tires may be worn out even though they still have plenty of tread left. This is because trailer tires have
to carry a lot of weight all the time, even when not in use. It is actually better for the tire to be rolling down the
road than to be idle. During use, the tire releases lubricants that are beneficial to tire life. Using the trailer tires
often also helps prevent flat spots from developing.

The main cause of tire failure is improper inflation. Check the cold tire inflation pressures at least once a week
for proper inflation levels. “Cold” means that the tires are at the same temperature as the surrounding air, such
as when the vehicle has been parked overnight. Wheel and tire manufacturers recommend adjusting the air
pressure to the trailer manufacturer’s recommended cold inflation pressure, in pounds per square inch (PSI)
stated on the vehicle’s Federal Certification Label or Tire Placard when the trailer is loaded to its gross vehicle
weight rating (GVWR). If the tires are inflated to less than the recommended inflation level or the GVWR of the
trailer is exceeded, the load carrying capacity of the tire could be dramatically affected. If the tires are inflated
more than the recommended inflation level, handling characteristics of the tow vehicle/trailer combination
could be affected. Refer to the owner’s manual or talk to your dealer or vehicle manufacturer if you have any
questions regarding proper inflation practices.

Tires can lose air over a period of time. In fact, tires can lose 1 to 3 PSI per month. This is because molecules
of air, under pressure, weave their way from the inside of the tire, through the rubber, to the outside. A drop in
tire pressure could cause the tire to become overloaded, leading to excessive heat build up. If a trailer tire is
under-inflated, even for a short period of time, the tire could suffer internal damage.

High speed towing in hot conditions degrades trailer tires significantly. As heat builds up during driving, the
tire’s internal structure starts to breakdown, compromising the strength of the tire. It is recommended to drive
at moderate speeds.

Statistics indicate the average life of a trailer tire is about five years under normal use and maintenance
conditions. After three years, replacing the trailer tires with new ones should be considered, even if the tires
have adequate tread depth. Some experts claim that after five years, trailer tires are considered worn out and
should be replaced, even if they have had minimal or no use. This is such a general statement that it may not

Inspection, Service, and Maintenance

apply in all cases. It is best to have your tires inspected by a tire supplier to determine if your tires need to be
replaced.

If you are storing your trailer for an extended period, make sure the tires are fully inflated to the maximum
rated pressure and that you store them in a cool, dry place, such as a garage. Use tire covers to protect the
trailer tires from the harsh effects of the sun.

^ WARNING

Worn, damaged or under-inflated tires can cause loss of control, resulting in
damage, serious injury and possibly death.

Inspect tires before each tow.

6.2.8. WHEEL RIMS

If the trailer has been struck, or impacted, on or near the wheels, or if the trailer has struck a curb, inspect the
rims for damage (i.e. being out of round); and replace any damaged wheel. Inspect the wheels for damage
every year, even if no obvious impact has occurred.

6.2.9. WHEELS, BEARINGS AND LUG NUTS

A loose, worn or damaged wheel bearing is the most common cause of brakes that grab.

To check your bearings, jack trailer and check wheels for side-to-side looseness. If the wheels are loose, or
spin with a wobble, the bearings must be serviced or replaced.

Most trailer axles are built with sealed bearings that are not serviceable. Sealed bearings must be replaced as
complete units.

6.2.9.1. Unsealed Bearings (Hubs)

If your trailer has unsealed axle bearings, they must be inspected and lubricated once a year or 12,000 miles
to insure safe operation of your trailer.

If a trailer wheel bearing is immersed in water, it must be replaced.

If your trailer has not been used for an extended amount of time, have the bearings inspected and packed
more frequently, at least every six months and prior to use.

Follow the steps below to disassemble and service the UNSEALED wheel bearings.

• After removing the grease cap, cotter pin, spindle nut and spindle washer (items 7-10 in “Exploded
Wheel Bearing” figure), remove the hub and drum to inspect the bearings for wear and damage.

• Replace bearings that have flat spots on rollers, broken roller cages, rust or pitting. Always
replace bearings and cups in sets. The inner and outer bearings are to be replaced at the same
time.

• Replace seals that have nicks, tears or wear.

• Lubricate the bearings with a high quality EP-2 automotive wheel bearing grease.

Every time the wheel hub is removed and the bearings are reassembled, follow the steps below to check the
wheel bearings for free running and adjust.

• Turn the hub slowly, by hand, while tightening the spindle nut, until you can no longer turn the hub
by hand.

Inspection, Service, and Maintenance

• Loosen the spindle nut just until you are able to turn it (the spindle nut) by hand. Do not turn the
hub while the spindle nut is loose.

• Put a new cotter pin through the spindle nut and axle.

• Check the adjustments. Both the hub and the spindle nut should be able to move freely (the

spindle nut motion will be limited by the cotter pin).

6.2.9.2. Lug Nuts (Bolts)

Being sure wheel mounting nuts (lug nuts) on trailer wheels are tight and properly torqued is an important
responsibility that trailer owners and users need to be familiar with and practice. Inadequate and/or
inappropriate wheel nut torque (tightness) is a major reason that lug nuts loosen in service. Loose lug nuts
can rapidly lead to a wheel separation with potentially serious safety consequences.

Lug nuts are prone to loosen right after a wheel is mounted to a hub. When driving on a new or remounted
wheel, check the lug nut tightness often during the first few hundred miles of the trailer’s use, especially after
the first 10, 25 and 50 miles of driving, before each tow, and at least twice per year thereafter.

^ WARNING

Lug nuts are prone to loosen after initial installation, which can lead to death or serious injury.

Check lug nuts for tightness on a new trailer or when wheel(s) have been remounted after the first 10, 25 and
50 miles of driving.

^ WARNING

Metal creep between the wheel rim and lug nuts will cause rim to loosen and could result in a wheel coming
off, leading to death or serious injury.

Tighten lug nuts before each tow.

Tighten the lug nuts to the proper torque for the axle size on your trailer to prevent wheels from coming loose.
Use a torque wrench to tighten the fasteners. The only way to be certain you have checked the torque or
torqued the lug nuts to the proper torque is with a torque wrench. Four-way wrenches, ratchets, and similar
tools can be useful for short-term emergency repairs, but are not appropriate tools for adequately checking lug
nut torque. You must use a torque wrench to adequately indicate the torque that you are applying to the lug
nut. If you do not have a torque wrench, tighten the fasteners with a lug wrench as much as you can, then
have a service garage or dealer tighten the lug nuts to the proper torque. Over-tightening will result in
breaking the studs or permanently deforming the mounting stud holes in the wheels.

Figure 6-1 Lug nut sequence of tightening
Keep a record of the date and approximate mileage when you check the lug nut torque. Note any lug nut that
has lost torque. Investigate the reason(s) if the lug nut torque is not maintained after more than one re-torque
application, because this indicates there is something wrong with the lug nuts, nut studs, wheels and/or hubs
and should be corrected.

Inspection, Service, and Maintenance

Contact your dealer or vehicle manufacturer immediately if you experience any persistent lug nut loosening or
any other lug, wheel or axle problems.

In the event of a wheel separation incident, notify the vehicle manufacturer and dealer. Seek prompt
professional assistance in assessing the trailer and its gear, and retain, but don’t re-use involved lugs, wheels
and studs. Don’t repair or service the trailer yourself. Call a trained technician.

Torque lug nuts per axle owners manual.

Inspection, Service, and Maintenance

6.3. MAINTENANCE GUIDELINES PERTAINING TO VACUUM EQUIPMENT

6.3.1. CAPICITIES & SPECIFICATIONS

Fuel Tank ................................................................................... 50 US Gallons

Hydraulic System (if equipped) .................................................. 10 US Gallons

Hydraulic Tank Only (if equipped) .............................................. 7 US Gallons

Wetting System (if equipped) ..................................................... 100 US Gallons

Engine, Kubota V3600 ............................................................... 84.5 BHP @2600 RPM

Engine, Kubota V3800 ............................................................... 99.2 BHP @2600 RPM

Engine, John Deere ES30159 .................................................... 85 BHP @2400 RPM

Engine, John Deere ES30161 .................................................... 99 BHP @2400 RPM

TransFluid Coupler (if equipped) ................................................ 5-6 Quarts

Battery ........................................................................................ 12 Volt, 1190 AMP, 950 CCA

Axle, AL-KO ............................................................................... 7000 LB with Electric Brakes

Tires ........................................................................................... 8T23580R16, Load Range E

Engine Pulley ............................................................................. 8.00” Diameter, 2-1/4” Shaft

30” Fan Driven Pulley ................................................................. 8.50” Diameter, 2-3/16” Shaft

32” Fan Driven Pulley ................................................................. 9.00” Diameter, 2-3/16” Shaft

Fan ............................................................................................. 30 Dia. Std, 32” Dia. optional

Engine to 30” Fan Speed Ratio .................................................. 1:.94 (2600 Engine RPM = 2444 Fan RPM)

Engine to 32” Fan Speed Ratio .................................................. 1:.89 (2600 Engine RPM = 2311 Fan RPM)

Belts ........................................................................................... 5VX

6.3.2. INITIAL

SERVICING & BREAK-IN

The leaf vacuum machine has been initially serviced at the factory and is ready to operate. Review engine
manual for break-in procedures. Belt tension should be adjusted after first hour of operation. See fan belt
section for instructions.

Your leaf machine is designed to pull approximately level. Adjust the pintle eye up or down as required to
match the pull vehicle.

6.3.3. LIST OF SUPPLEMENTAL MANUALS

Your manual packet includes supplemental manuals for some or all of the following components. Refer to
these manuals for service & operation of these items:

Engine ..................................................................................................................... Supplement

Running Gear .......................................................................................................... Supplement

Martin QD Bushings ................................................................................................ Page 61

Browning Fan Bushing ............................................................................................ Page 62

Clutch ...................................................................................................................... Page 64

Transfluid coupler .................................................................................................... Page 88

Break-away system ................................................................................................. Page 99

Lighting Systems ..................................................................................................... Page 102

Wetting system pump .............................................................................................. Page 105

6.3.4. ENGINE SERVICE

Refer to the engine manual for service information. Bonnell Industries does not service engines. Refer to your
local engine dealer for service requirements.

Inspection, Service, and Maintenance

6.3.5. CLUTCH OR FLUID COUPLER SERVICE

NACD Clutch: Refer to the clutch manual supplement on page ___for service information. Bonnell Industries

does not service clutches. FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION, SEE PAGE

64

TransFluid Coupler: The transfluid coupler is filled from the factory with environmentally friendly KFPD

Phosphate Ester fluid, 5-6 quarts. ISO 32 Oil can also be used. When put under extreme load, the oil in the
coupler will heat up, and in some cases, the safety relief plug will melt, letting out the oil, and therefore
stopping power transfer. In this case, always replace plug with P/N 7018C. DO NOT USE STANDARD
ALLEN HEAD PLUG. Unit could overheat, and cause severe damage to engine, belts, or coupler.

When refilling oil, rotate inner housing until stamped “X” aligns in top vertical slot of outer housing. Fill inner
housing with 5-6 quarts, until oil runs out of plug opening. Replace plug. FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION,

SEE PAGE 88

6.3.6. LUBRICATION

Type of grease: It is recommended that lithium complex grease with a thickness rating of NLGI 2 and
operating temperature of -20 – 200 deg. F. be used.

Every 8 hours:

• Impeller bearings, 2 pumps (2 places)

• Transfluid coupler output shaft bearing (if equipped), 2 pumps

• Hose arm pivot 2 pumps each fitting (4 places)

Every 100 hours:

• Clutch bearing (if equipped), 1 pump

• Hubs, 1 pump

6.3.7. FAN BELT TENSION & ALIGNMENT

Your leaf vacuum is driven by a 5 strand 5vx belt system. To tighten or loosen the fan belts, use the screw
jacks at the rear of the machine. The screw jacks slide the engine forward and backward. See page Error!
Bookmark not defined. for additional information on motor screw jacks.

ALIGNMENT: See next section

TENSION:

INITIAL ADJUSTMENT: To avoid severe belt slippage or failure, adjust tension of belt after first hour of
service.

Belt tension can be checked with a belt tension tester. For a clutch operated belt system, correct belt tension
is 5/8” of deflection with 44 lb. pressure applied. Less tension is required for a unit with a TransFluid coupler,
as power transfer to the belts from the engine is slower. Hence, longer belt life can be expected with proper
tension using a TransFluid Coupler.

In general, the belts should be as loose as possible and still not slip under the largest possible load. If the belt
is too tight, premature bearing and belt failure are probable. If slippage is occurring, the belt should be
tightened and realigned. NOTE: over tightening belts will lead to premature belt failure and wear. DO NOT
OVERTIGHTEN.

FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION SEE PAGE Error! Bookmark not defined.

Inspection, Service, and Maintenance

6.3.8. BELT SHEAVES & ALIGNMENT

Your leaf machine is equipped with QD Coupler style Quick Detachable bushings and sheaves.

NOTE: THE SHEAVES ARE NOT THE SAME SIZE. REINSTALL CORRECTLY.

REMOVAL:

• Loosen & remove the three bolts that hold the sheave in place.

• Reinsert the screws into the tapped holes on the sheave and tighten. This will free the sheave from

the coupler.

• After the sheave is off, the coupler will slide off.

INSTALLATION & ALIGNMENT:

• Clean tapered cone surfaces of sheave & coupler.

• NOTE: DO NOT USE ANTISIEZE LUBRICANT ON TAPERED CONE SURFACES OR BOLT

THREADS.

• Slide coupler into place, flange end first.

• Slide sheave into place, deep opening first, and install bolts with lock washers into tapped holes in

coupler and hand tighten.

• Use a straight edge to align the sheaves. Straight edge should touch both edges of each sheave at
the same time when properly aligned.

• Tighten bolts on both sheaves approx. one turn. Recheck alignment. If alignment is good, torque
bolts.

•

Torque bolts as follows:

• Motor Drive and Fan Driven Pulleys, ½”” bolts – 720 in./lbs (60 ft./lbs)

If both edges of one sheave are touching the straight edge, and only one edge of the other sheave:
Engine end – adjust engine screw jack bolts to change engine sheave angle.
Fan end – loosen bearing bolts to change fan shaft sheave angle.

FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION, SEE PAGE 61

Engine
Pulley:
∅8.00”

Fan Pulleys:

∅8.50” for 30” fan
∅9.00” for 32” fan

Inspection, Service, and Maintenance

6.3.9. FAN

Your leaf machine is equipped with a 30” diameter (standard, 32” diameter optional) balanced fan with AR400
impeller blades, mounted to the shaft with a split taper bushing. Inspect the fan regularly for cracks,
deformations, and uneven wear. DO NOT OPERATE THE MACHINE IF THE FAN IS OUT OF BALANCE.

REMOVAL:

• Disconnect safety interlock

• Remove suction hose

• Remove fan cover face plate on inlet side

• Loosen & remove the three bolts on the split taper bushing that hold the fan in place.

• Reinsert the screws into the two tapped holes on the bushing and tighten. This will free the

fan from the bushing, and the bushing will slide out.

• Slide fan off of shaft.

INSTALLATION:

• Clean tapered cone surfaces of taper bushing & fan.

• NOTE: DO NOT USE ANTISIEZE LUBRICANT ON TAPERED CONE SURFACES OR

BOLT THREADS.

• Slide fan onto shaft, with tapped hole side of fan bushing facing out.

• Slide split taper bushing onto shaft, insert key, position.

• Install bolts with lock washers into tapped holes in coupler.

• Torque bolts as follows:

• Motor Drive and Fan Driven Pulleys, ½”” bolts – 720 in./lbs (60 ft./lbs)

FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION SEE PAGE 62

Inspection, Service, and Maintenance

6.3.10. BLOWER HOUSING LINER REMOVAL

To remove the liner from the housing for service or replacement:

• Disconnect safety interlock

• Remove suction hose

• Remove fan cover face plate on inlet side

• Loosen & remove the eight bolts that hold the liner in place.

• Puller liner out.

6.3.11. SUCTION HOSE

To increase the life of the suction hose, the hose should be loosened, removed, and rotated ¼ turn every 40
hours of operation. Inspect liner plate & fan for wear at this time.

6.3.12. HYDRAULIC SYSTEM (IF EQUIPPED)

FILTER: The hydraulic filter is equipped with an indicator gauge. Change filter accordingly.
OIL: The hydraulic oil should be changed annually. System capacity is approximately 10 gallons.

6.3.13. WETTING SYSTEM (IF EQUIPPED)

The wetting system is equipped with a 30 mesh strainer screen. Check the screen every 40 hours or as
necessary, and clean as needed.

When the machine will be stored or parked in freezing temperatures, the pump and strainer need to be
drained. To drain, shut off tank valve, and disconnect right hand pump fitting. Operate pump until line is
empty. Shut off pump, and empty strainer canister.

6.4. ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

6.4.1. WIRING DIAGRAMS

The following pages show a complete system electrical schematic. Following the complete schematic,
diagrams with part numbers illustrate how the leaf vacuum electrical system is broken down into individual
harness assemblies. Use this as a reference when ordering replacement harnesses.

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General Operating Instructions

7. GENERAL OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

SPECIAL NOTE: this section of the manual is intended as a supplement to your specific municipal or
business guidelines in leaf collection, and is not intended to be a “complete leaf collection guide”.
Training is the key to safe and proper operation of this equipment. Ensure your operation is in
compliance with all applicable codes and regulations.

7.1. ENGINE RPM

Adjust engine RPM to match working conditions. Generally, lower RPM is better for dryer and dusty
conditions.

7.2. HYDRAULIC BOOM OPERATION (IF EQUIPPED)

The hydraulic boom is fitted with three hydraulic cylinders:
Lift – Boom raise & lower
Swing – Boom in & out (left & right)
Sweep – Nozzle pivot

These controls will provide the range of motion needed to operate the machine on varying terrain and
conditions.

7.3. HYDRAULIC JACK (IF EQUIPPED)

The hydraulic jack is operated by the control lever located on the bearing doghouse. NOTE: FOR
ELECTRIC OVER HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS, THE ENGINE NEEDS TO BE RUNNING TO RAISE THE JACK.

General Operating Instructions

7.4. DISCHARGE CHUTE CYLINDER (IF EQUIPPED)

The hydraulic discharge chute is operated by the control lever located on the bearing doghouse.

NOTE: FOR ELECTRIC OVER HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS, THE ENGINE NEEDS TO BE RUNNING TO RAISE
THE CHUTE. During operations, it is recommended that the discharge cylinder toggle switch be left in
the float position to accommodate variations in towing conditions. NOTE: FLOAT LEFT ON WILL
DRAIN BATTERY.

7.5. WETTING SYSTEM (IF EQUIPPED)

The wetting system is designed to reduce the amount of dust exiting the discharge nozzle. A simple
on-off switch to operate the pump is located on or near the engine control center.

Three spray nozzles are located on the discharge chute. The amount of water being sprayed can be
changed by turning some of these nozzles on or off. Ball valves are located near the nozzles on the
discharge chute.

7.6. DUAL TONGUE SYSTEM (IF EQUIPPED)

The dual tongue system is designed for use where off-set operation is required, and consists of a rigid
operation tongue, and a longer removable transport tongue.

When transporting, select the shortest possible length and pin in place. Mark this hole for future
reference.

For operation mode, unpin the transport tongue, pull out fully, and drop to the lower tapered receiver tube.
Caution: Transport tongue is heavy! Get help when moving tongue. Reinsert tongue fully and pin in place.
Hook truck up to operation tongue.

Supplimental Manuals

8. SUPPLIMENTAL MANUALS

8.1. MARTIN QD BUSHINGS

Supplimental Manuals

8.2. BROWNING FAN BUSHING

Supplimental Manuals

Supplimental Manuals

8.3. NACD CLUTCH

Supplimental Manuals

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8.4. TRANS FLUID COUPLER

Supplimental Manuals

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8.5. MONARCH POWER UNIT

Supplimental Manuals

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Supplimental Manuals

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8.6. BREAK-AWAY SYSTEM

Supplimental Manuals