THORLABS APD430 Series, APD430A2, APD430A2/M, APD430C, APD430A/M Operation Manual

Adjustable Gain
Avalanche Photodetectors

APD430x
Operation Manual

2015

Version:
Date:

1.1
09-Sep-2015

Copyright © 2015 Thorlabs

Contents

Foreword

2

1 General Information 3

2 Getting Started 5

3 Operating Instruction 6

103.4 Recommendations

4 Maintenance and Service 11
5 Appendix 12

31.1 Safety

41.2 Ordering Codes and Accessories

52.1 Parts List

52.2 Preparation

63.1 Operating Principle

63.1.1 Optical Input

73.1.2 Electrical Output

83.2 Mounting

93.3 Operation

125.1 Technical Data

135.2 Typical Detector Responsivity Curves

155.3 Typical Output Frequency Response

175.4 Typical Spectral Noise

195.5 Drawings

225.6 Fiber Coupling onto Small Detector Area

235.7 Certifications and Compliances

245.8 Warranty

255.9 Copyright and Exclusion of Reliability

265.10Thorlabs 'End of Life' Policy

275.11List of Acrony ms and References

285.12Thorlabs Worldwide Contacts

We aim to develop and produce the best solution for your application
in the field of optical measurement technique. To help us to live up to
your expectations and improve our products permanently we need
your ideas and suggestions. Therefore, please let us know about
possible criticism or ideas. We and our international partners are
looking forward to hearing from you.

Thorlabs GmbH

Warning

Sections marked by this symbol explain dangers that might result in
personal injury or death. Always read the associated information
carefully, before performing the indicated procedure.

Attention

Paragraphs preceeded by this symbol explain hazards that could
damage the instrument and the connected equipment or may cause
loss of data.

Note

This manual also contains "NOTES" and "HINTS" written in this form.

Please read these advices carefully!

2

© 2015 Thorlabs

1 General Information

1 General Information

The Thorlabs APD430x series of temperature-compensated Avalanche Photodetectors
combine a high sensitivity Si or InGaAs Avalanche Photodiode with a specially designed ultra­low noise transimpedance amplifier for detection of optical signals from DC to 400 MHz.

APD430x series Avalanche Photodetectors have an exceptionally low NEP, making them ideal
for fast low-level light detection applications, such as spectroscopy, fluorescence
measurements, laser radar and optical rangefinders. Due to their very high sensitivity, the
APD430x series Avalanche Photodetectors can replace Photomultiplier Tubes (PMT) in many
applications. The Avalanche Photodetectors cannot be damaged by unwanted ambient light,
which is an advantage over many photomultiplier tubes.

The APD430x feature a continuously adjustable Gain that is based on the adjustment of the
APD's M factor. They also incorporate a special electronic circuit to compensate for the
temperature dependency of the M (multiplication) factor

The slim line housing includes a removable threaded coupler that is compatible with any of
Thorlabs 1” and ½” threaded accessories. This allows convenient mounting of external optics,
filters, apertures or fiber adapters. The APD430x has three tapped mounting holes.

The APD430x series is powered by the included external power supply (±12 V, 200 mA) via a
PICO M8 power connector.

1.1 Safety

Attention

All statements regarding safety of operation and technical data in this instruction manual
will only apply when the unit is operated correctly as it was designed for.

Prior to applying power to the APD430x, make sure that the protective conductor of the 3
conductor mains power cord is correctly connected to the protective earth ground
contact of the socket outlet! Improper grounding can cause electric shock resulting in
damage to your health or even death!

The APD430x must not be operated in explosion endangered environments!
High Voltage - do not remove covers!
Refer servicing to qualified personnel!

Only with written consent from Thorlabs may changes to single components be made or
components not supplied by Thorlabs be used.

This precision device is only serviceable if properly packed into the complete original
packaging. If necessary, ask for a replacement package prior to return.

Attention

Mobile telephones, cellular phones or other radio transmitters are not to be used within
the range of three meters of this unit since the electromagnetic field intensity may then
exceed the maximum allowed disturbance values according to IEC 61326-1.

This product has been tested and found to comply with the limits according to
IEC 61326-1 for using connection cables shorter than 3 meters (9.8 feet).

© 2015 Thorlabs

3

APD430x

APD430A2

Temperature Compen sated, Adjustable Gain Avalanche Photodetector, UV­enhanced Silicon APD, 200 - 10 00 nm, 8-32 mounting holes

APD430A2/M

Temperature Compen sated, Adjustable Gain Avalanche Photodetector, UV­enhanced Silicon APD, 200 - 10 00 nm, M4 mounting holes

APD430A

Temperature Compen sated, Adjustable Gain Avalanche Photodetector, Silicon
APD, 400 - 1000 nm, 8-32 mounting holes

APD430A/M

Temperature Compen sated, Adjustable Gain Avalanche Photodetector, Silicon
APD, 400 - 1000 nm, M4 mo unting holes

APD430C

Temperature Compen sated, Adjustable Gain Avalanche Photodetector, InGaAs
APD, 900 - 1700 nm, 8-32 mounting holes

APD430C/M

Temperature Compen sated, Adjustable Gain Avalanche Photodetector, InGaAs
APD, 900 - 1700 nm, M4 mo unting holes

1.2 Ordering Codes and Accessories

AC-coupled versions as well as open detector versions (detector cover glass removed) of each
model can be ordered on request.

© 2015 Thorlabs4

2 Getting Started

2 Getting Started

2.1 Parts List

Inspect the shipping container for damage.
If the shipping container seems to be damaged, keep it until you have inspected the contents

and you have inspected the APD430x mechanically and electrically.
Verify that you have received the following items within the package:

1. APD430x Temperature-Compensated Variable Gain Avalanche Photodetector

2. SM1CP1 Metal cover cap

3. Power supply (±12 V, 200 mA), 110 V or 230 V line voltage

4. Operation manual

2.2 Preparation

Note

Prior to operation, please check if the indicated line voltage range on the power supply matches
with your local mains voltage!

Note

If you want to use your own power supply, you can ask Thorlabs for an appropriate power
connector cable.

· Carefully unpack the unit and accessories. If any damage is noticed, do not use the unit.
Call Thorlabs and have us replace the defective unit.

· If necessary, mount the unit on your optical table or application. The unit has three tapped
mounting holes (see section Mounting for details).

· Remove the metal cover cap that protects the optical input.

· If necessary, mount external optics, filters, apertures or fiber adapters.

· Switch the power supply to your local main voltage (100-120 VAC or 220 V-240 VAC):

8

· Plug the power connector cable into the POWER IN.

· Plug the power supply into a 50-60 Hz, 100-120 VAC or 220V-240 VAC outlet, turn power

supply on.

· Connect OUTPUT to your data acquisition device with a coaxial cable. Please note that a
50 W impedance device should be used for best RF performa nce.

© 2015 Thorlabs

5

APD430x

3 Operating Instruction

3.1 Operating Principle

The Thorlabs APD430x series of temperature-compensated, variable gain Avalanche
Photodetectors combine a high sensitivity Si or InGaAs Avalanche Photodiode with a specially
designed ultra-low noise transimpedance amplifier for detection of optical signals from DC to

400 MHz. The buffered output stage can deliver up to 2.0 V into a 50 W impedance load. No
external high voltage power supply is required for operation.

APD430x series Avalanche Photodetectors have an exceptionally low NEP, making them ideal
for fast low-level light detection applications, such as spectroscopy, fluorescence
measurements, laser radar and optical rangefinders. Due to their very high sensitivity the
APD430x series Avalanche Photodetectors can replace Photomultiplier Tubes (PMT) in many
applications. The Avalanche Photodetectors cannot be damaged by unwanted ambient light,
which is critical for many Photomultiplier Tubes.

Avalanche Photodiodes use an internal gain mechanism to increase the sensitivity. Incident
photons generate electron-hole pairs, like in a normal photo diode. By applying a high reverse
voltage, a strong electric field appears that accelerates these electrons and produces
secondary electrons by impact ionization. This leads to an electron avalanche producing gain
factors of up to several hundreds. The amplification depends on the reverse bias voltage and is
described by the M factor (multiplication factor). Due to internal processes, the M factor is
temperature dependent. At a fixed reverse bias voltage the M factor will change with
temperature: in general, with lower temperatures the M factor will increase, with higher
temperatures - decrease.

The APD430x series Avalanche Photodetectors are temperature-compensated. A thermistor
senses the temperature inside the APD430x enclosure, and a special electronic circuit controls
the applied to the APD reverse voltage in accordance with the temperature change. As the M
(multiplication) factor depends on the applied reverse voltage, the temperature dependency of
the M factor can reduced drastically.

These detectors have a rotary GAIN knob that allows the reverse bias voltage of the avalanche
photodiode to be adjusted within a certain range, resulting in a variation of the M (multiplication)
factor that is equivalent to a gain variation.

The APD430x Series is powered by the included external power supply (±12 V, 200 mA) via a
PICO M8 power connector.

3.1.1 Optical Input

The APD430C uses an InGaAs Avalanche Photodiode with a detector active area diameter of

0.2 mm, operating from 900 to 1700 nm nm.
The APD430A uses a Silicon Avalanche Photodiode with a detector active area diameter of

0.5 mm, operating from 400 to 1000 nm.
The APD430A2 uses an UV-enhanced Silicon Avalanche Photodiode with a detector active

area diameter of 0.2 mm, operating from 200 to 1000 nm.
The typical responsivity curves can be found in the appendix .

13

An open beam should be carefully aligned to the detector. Additional focusing lenses can be
easily attached to the Avalanche Photodetectors. The housing is compatible with any number
of Thorlabs 1” and ½” threaded accessories. This allows convenient mounting of external
optics, filters, apertures or fiber adapters.

For fiber coupled applications, in order to meet specifications, it is recommended to focus the
optical signal out of the fiber onto the detector. Details please see in the appendix .

22

© 2015 Thorlabs6

3 Operating Instruction

Please note, that coupling losses may occur due to small detector size, which will result in a
reduced output signal. If angled connectors are used the fiber adapter can be rotated from its
original position to check for an improved alignment. For this process use an optical input
power below the saturation power while observing OUTPUT voltage on a digital voltmeter or
other low-frequency measurement device.

The maximum OUTPUT voltage swing is 4.1 V at High-Z termination. Saturation of the
OUTPUT will occur at optical input power greater than CW Saturation Power listed in

specifications . If necessary, use external neutral density filters or attenuators to reduce the

12

input light level. Please note that the Avalanche Photodetectors are extremely sensitive to
unwanted stray light. Carefully shielding of the Avalanche Photodetectors from any unwanted
light sources is essential. Common techniques to minimize the influence of stray light include
baffling or other opaque barriers like black cloths, beam tubes or using appropriate band pass
filters in front of the detector.

Attention

The optical damage threshold is 1 mW. Exceeding this value will permanently destroy the
Avalanche Photodetector!

3.1.2 Electrical Output

Thorlabs APD430x Avalanche Photodetectors deliver an OUTPUT voltage, which is a function
of incident light power P

, detector's responsivity Â(l), multiplication factor M and

opt

transimpedance gain G given by:

· Â(l) for a given wavelength can be read from the spectral responsivity curves (see Technical

Data ) to estimate the OUTPUT voltage.The M factor (gain) settings range is 10 to 100
(APD430A and APD430A2) and 4 to 20 for APD430C at 23°C ambient temperature.

· The amplifier’s transimpedance gain G is 10 kV/A. Please note that OUTPUT voltage is

reduced by a factor of 0.5 if connected to a 50 W load.

The maximum output voltage swing of OUTPUT is 4.1 V for high impedance loads (2.0 V into
50 W). Depending on the wavelength responsivity Â(l) of the detector and the M factor, the

amplifier will reach saturation at optical input power greater than CW Saturation Power listed in
specifications. To avoid saturation, keep the output signal below the specified maximum output
voltage.

The output of the APD430x Avalanche Photodetectors is a BNC connector.
The amplifier offset voltage is factory set to zero at 23°C ambient temperature. Due to the very

high transimpedance gain, small temperature changes may affect offset voltage. Therefore it is
recommended to use the Avalanche Photodetectors in a constant temperature environment
after a short warm up period (~5 min) for exact DC light level measurements.

In the appendix, typical curves for Output Frequency Response and Spectral Noise

Distribution can be found.

17

15

© 2015 Thorlabs

7

APD430x

3.2 Mounting

The APD430x series is housed in a rugged 2 x 2.5 x 1 inch shielded aluminum enclosure. The
slim line housing comes with a removable threaded coupler that is compatible with any number
of Thorlabs 1” and ½” threaded accessories. This allows convenient mounting of external
optics, filters, apertures or fiber adapters, as well as providing an easy mounting mechanism
using the Thorlabs cage assembly accessories. The electrical connectors, the optical gain
adjustment knob and the ON/OFF switch are conveniently located on the side walls of the
housing for easy access and to minimize the thickness of the Avalanche Photodetector so it
can fit into tight spaces. For maximum flexibility the APD430x has three 8-32 (M4 for metric
version) tapped mounting holes to mount the unit to a post or pedestal.

© 2015 Thorlabs8

3 Operating Instruction

3.3 Operation

· Turn the power switch to I. The green LED on the APD430x indicates correct power
supply.

· Set the Gain knob to its MIN position.

· Adjust the optical source to the optical input. The maximum OUTPUT voltage swing is 4.1

V for high impedance loads (2.0 V into 50 W loads). The output signal must not exceed
this maximum output voltage to avoid saturat io n. External neutral density filters or
attenuators are recommended to reduce the input light level in critical cases.

· The Gain adjustment can be used for setting the output voltage to an appropriate value.

Note

APDs generate noise due to the multiplication process, so excess noise increases as the
gain is increased. Similarly, the photocurrent generated by signal light is also amplified by
the gain. These facts mean that the best S/N exists at a certain gain. [1]

· Turn the power switch to O when you are finished the measurem ents.

Note

Avoid saturating the amplifier! Therefore, make sure that the optical input power does not
exceed the saturation power level listed in specifications .

12

27

Attention

Exceeding the optical damage threshold input power will permanently destroy the detector!

© 2015 Thorlabs

9

APD430x

3.4 Recommendations

Please always remember that the Avalanche Photodetectors are extremely sensitive devices.
Carefully shielding the Avalanche Photodetectors from any unwanted light sources is essential.
Common techniques include baffling or other opaque barriers like black cloths or lens tubes.

It is highly recommended to use appropriate band pass filters in front of the detector to
minimize the influence of stray light.

Since stray light has its strongest frequencies at DC and line frequency or harmonics, optical
chopping and Lock-In detection can further improve measurement sensitivity.

It is not necessary to switch off the Avalanche Photodetectors when it is exposed to ambient
light. The amplifier will saturate but unlike Photomultiplier Tubes it will not be damaged or
saturated for a long period of time.

Another critical point can be electrostatic coupling of electrical noise associated with ground
loops. In most cases an electrically isolated post (see Thorlabs parts TRE or TRE/M) will
suppress electrical noise coupling. You should always try to identify the electrical noise sources
and increase the distance to the Avalanche Photodetector. If possible, you can also rotate the
Avalanche Photodetector input away from the noise source. Different common ground points
can also be tested.

The amplifier offset voltage is factory set to zero at 23°C ambient temperature. Due to the
very high transimpedance gain, even small temperature changes may affect offset voltage.
Therefore it is recommended to use the Avalanche Photodetector in a constant temperature
environment after a short warm up period (~5min) for exact DC light level measurements.

The M factor is factory set at 23°C ambient temperature. The APD430x are operated at an
internal reverse bias voltage that is temperature-compensated, and their actual M factor will
remain nearly constant within the specified ambient temperature range of (23±5) °C.

It is recommended to set the GAIN to minimum before applying the optical signal to the
APD430x. This is the condition when the APD430x is most insensitve and can tolerate its
highest optical input level.

For any level of the optical input signal there is an optimal M factor that provides the best SNR
(Signal-to-Noise Ratio). To change the M factor, turn the GAIN knob on the side panel.

A non-linearity caused by intrinsic effects of the APD may appear at a too high power, as well
as at a too high power density (too small beam diameter) on the APD chip.

© 2015 Thorlabs10

4 Maintenance and Service

4 Maintenance and Service

Protect the APD430x from adverse weather conditions. The APD430x is not water resistant.

Attention

To avoid damage to the instrument, do not expose it to spray, liquids or solvents!

The unit does not need a regular maintenance by the user. It does not contain any modules
and/or components that could be repaired by the user himself. If a malfunction occurs, please
contact Thorlabs for return instructions.

Do not remove covers! High voltage!

28

© 2015 Thorlabs

11

APD430x

APD430A

APD430A2

APD430C

Parameter

Detector Material/Type

Silicon APD

UV-enhanced

Silicon APD

InGaAs APD

Wavelength Range

400 to 1000 nm

200 to 1000 nm

900 to 1700 nm

Maximum APD Responsivity

53 A/W

@ 800 nm, M = 100

50 A/W

@ 600 nm, M = 100

18 A/W

@ 1550 nm, M=20

M Factor
Temperature Stability 1)

typ. ± 2 %; max. ± 3 %

Detector Active Area Diameter

0.5 mm

0.2 mm

0.2 mm

Transimpedance Gain

10 kV/A

5 kV/A with 50 W Termination

Maximum Conversion Gain

5.3 x 105 V/W

5.0 x 105 V/W

1.8 x 105 V/W

OUTPUT Bandwidth (3 dB) 2)

DC to 400 MHz

CW Saturation Power

8.0 µW @ 800 nm
(M = 100)

80 µW @ 800 nm

(M = 10)

8.0 µW @ 600 nm
(M = 100)

80 µW @ 600 nm

(M = 10)

22 µW @ 1550 nm

(M = 20)

110 µW @ 1550 nm

(M = 4)

Maximum Input Power
(Photodiode Damage
Threshold)

1 mW

1 mW

1 mW

M Factor Adjustment Range

10 to 100

10 to 100

4 to 20

Minimum NEP
(DC - 100 MHz)

Integrated Noise
(DC - 400 MHz)

5.5 nW (RMS)

6 nW (RMS)

17 nW (RMS)

Electrical Output, Impedance

BNC, 50 W

Maximum Output Voltage

4.1 V (High Z load)

2.0 V (50 W)

DC-Offset Electrical Output

< ±3 mV

Power Supply

±12 V, 200 mA (110/230 V switchable

General

Operating Temperature
Range 3)

0 - 40 °C

Storage Temperature Range

-40 to 70 °C

Dimensions (W x H x D)

2 x 2.5 x 1" (50.8 x 63.5 x 25.4 mm3)

Weight

< 0.1 kg

5 Appendix

5.1 Technical Data

1

) Ambient temperature within (23 ± 5)°C

2

) At maximum gain setting.

3

) Non-condensing

All technical data are valid at (23 ± 5) °C and (45 ± 15) % rel. humidity (non condensing)

© 2015 Thorlabs12

5.2 Typical Detector Responsivity Curves

Typical Detector Responsivity APD430A; M = 100

Typical Detector Responsivity APD430A2; M = 100

5 Appendix

© 2015 Thorlabs

13

APD430x

Typical Detector Responsivity APD430C; M = 20

© 2015 Thorlabs14

5 Appendix

Typical Output Frequency Response APD430A

Typical Output Frequency Response APD430A2

5.3 Typical Output Frequency Response

For this measurement a test signal, generated by an optical transmitter, was fiber-coupled to
the Avalanche Photodetector. The OUTPUT frequency response was measured using a optical
network analyzer.

© 2015 Thorlabs

15

APD430x

Typical Output Frequency Response APD430C

© 2015 Thorlabs16

5 Appendix

Typical Spectral Noise APD430A

Typical Spectral Noise APD430A2

5.4 Typical Spectral Noise

The typical noise spectrum was measured using an electrical spectrum analyzer (resolution
bandwidth 10 kHz, video bandwidth 10 kHz). The optical input of the detector was blocked. The
black curve ("Reference") was measured with the same setup and the detector switched off ,
i.e., it represents the measurement system’s noise floor.

© 2015 Thorlabs

17

APD430x

Typical Spectral Noise APD430C

© 2015 Thorlabs18

5 Appendix

Distance

A Type

A2 Type

C Type

a=

(2.2 ± 0.3) mm

(2.2 ± 0.3) mm

(2.1 ± 0.3) mm

5.5 Drawings

Distance between the surface of the active detector area and the front of the flange

© 2015 Thorlabs

19

APD430x

Dimensions APD430X Series (Imperial)

© 2015 Thorlabs20

5 Appendix

Dimensions APD430X/M Series (Metric)

© 2015 Thorlabs

21

APD430x

5.6 Fiber Coupling onto Small Detector Area

When coupling an optical fiber into the APD430x, please consider the beam divergence out of
the fiber tip and the active detector area.

For detectors with an active area smaller than 1 mm, the beam divergence out of the fiber
needs to be compensated by using a collimator and a focusing lens. Below is a possible
arrangement:

The assembly in front of the APD430x comprises of a fiber collimator (dependent on fiber), a
lens tube collimator adapter (AD11F or AD12F, dependent on collimator), a SM1L1 lens tube
with aspheric lens inside (not visible above) and a LM1XY X-Y translation mount.

The beam out of the fiber is collimated (transferred into a nearly parallel beam) and afterwards
focused by the aspheric lens onto the detector. The X-Y translation mount allows the focused
beam to be aligned with the center of the sensor.

© 2015 Thorlabs22

5.7 Certifications and Compliances

5 Appendix

© 2015 Thorlabs

23

APD430x

5.8 Warranty

Thorlabs warrants material and production of the APD430x for a period of 24 months starting
with the date of shipment. During this warranty period Thorlabs will see to defaults by repair or
by exchange if these are entitled to warranty.

For warranty repairs or service the unit must be sent back to Thorlabs. The customer will carry
the shipping costs to Thorlabs, in case of warranty repairs Thorlabs will carry the shipping costs
back to the customer.

If no warranty repair is applicable the customer also has to carry the costs for back shipment.
In case of shipment from outside EU duties, taxes etc. which should arise have to be carried by

the customer.

Thorlabs warrants the hard- and software determined by Thorlabs for this unit to operate fault­free provided that they are handled according to our requirements. However, Thorlabs does not
warrant a fault free and uninterrupted operation of the unit, of the software or firmware for
special applications nor this instruction manual to be error free. Thorlabs is not liable for
consequential damages.

Restriction of warranty

The warranty mentioned before does not cover errors and defects being the result of improper
treatment, software or interface not supplied by us, modification, misuse or operation outside
the defined ambient stated by us or unauthorized maintenance.

Further claims will not be consented to and will not be acknowledged. Thorlabs does explicitly
not warrant the usability or the economical use for certain cases of application.

Thorlabs reserves the right to change this instruction manual or the technical data of the
described unit at any time.

© 2015 Thorlabs24

5 Appendix

5.9 Copyright and Exclusion of Reliability

Thorlabs has taken every possible care in preparing this Operation Manual. We however
assume no liability for the content, completeness or quality of the information contained therein.
The content of this manual is regularly updated and adapted to reflect the current status of the
software. We furthermore do not guarantee that this product will function without errors, even if
the stated specifications are adhered to.

Under no circumstances can we guarantee that a particular objective can be achieved with the
purchase of this product.

Insofar as permitted under statutory regulations, we assume no liability for direct damage,
indirect damage or damages suffered by third parties resulting from the purchase of this
product. In no event shall any liability exceed the purchase price of the product.

Please note that the content of this User Manual is neither part of any previous or existing
agreement, promise, representation or legal relationship, nor an alteration or amendment
thereof. All obligations of Thorlabs result from the respective contract of sale, which also
includes the complete and exclusively applicable warranty regulations. These contractual
warranty regulations are neither extended nor limited by the information contained in this User
Manual. Should you require further information on this product, or encounter specific problems
that are not discussed in sufficient detail in the User Manual, please contact your local Thorlabs
dealer or system installer.

All rights reserved. This manual may not be reproduced, transmitted or translated to another
language, either as a whole or in parts, without the prior written permission of Thorlabs.

Copyright © Thorlabs 2015. All rights reserved.

© 2015 Thorlabs

25

APD430x

Crossed out

"Wheelie Bin" symbol

5.10 Thorlabs 'End of Life' Policy

As required by the WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive) of the
European Community and the corresponding national laws, Thorlabs offers all end users in the
EC the possibility to return “end of life” units without incurring disposal charges.

This offer is valid for Thorlabs electrical and electronic equipment

· sold after August 13th 2005

· marked correspondingly with the crossed out “wheelie bin” logo (see figure below)

· sold to a company or institute within the EC

· currently owned by a company or institute within the EC

· still complete, not disassembled and not contaminated

As the WEEE directive applies to self contained operational electrical and electronic products,
this “end of life” take back service does not refer to other Thorlabs products, such as

· pure OEM products, that means assemblies to be built into a unit by the user (e. g. OEM
laser driver cards)

· components

· mechanics and optics

· left over parts of units disassembled by the user (PCB’s, housings etc.).

Waste treatment on your own responsibility

If you do not return an “end of life” unit to Thorlabs, you must hand it to a company specialized
in waste recovery. Do not dispose of the unit in a litter bin or at a public waste disposal site.

WEEE Number (Germany) : DE97581288

Ecological background

It is well known that waste treatment pollutes the environment by releasing toxic products
during decomposition. The aim of the European RoHS Directive is to reduce the content of
toxic substances in electronic products in the future.

The intent of the WEEE Directive is to enforce the recycling of WEEE. A controlled recycling of
end-of-life products will thereby avoid negative impacts on the environment.

© 2015 Thorlabs26

5.11 List of Acronyms and References

Acronyms

AC Alternating Current
APD Avalanche Photo Diode
CW Continuous Wave
DC Direct Current
LED Light Emitting Diode
NEP Noise Equivalent Power
RF Radio Frequencies
Si Silicon
SNR Signal-to-Noise Ratio
UV Ultraviolet

References

5 Appendix

[1] Hamamatsu - Technical Information SD-28

© 2015 Thorlabs

27

APD430x

USA, Canada, and South America

Thorlabs, Inc.
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Newton, NJ 07860
USA
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

www.thorlabs.com
www.thorlabs.us (West Coast)

Email: [e-mail]
Support: [e-mail]

UK and Ireland

Thorlabs Ltd.
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Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

www.thorlabs.com

Email: [e-mail]
Support: [e-mail]

Europe

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Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

www.thorlabs.de

Email: [e-mail]

Scandinavia

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Email: [e-mail]

France

Thorlabs SAS
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Email: [e-mail]

Brazil

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Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

www.thorlabs.com

Email: [e-mail]

Japan

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Japan
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

www.thorlabs.jp

Email: [e-mail]

China

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5.12 Thorlabs Worldwide Contacts

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