“Hastelloy” is a registered trademark of Haynes International, Inc.
“Ni-Span C” is a registered trademark of Special Metals Corporation.
“HART” is a registered trademark of the HART Communication Foundation.
“Microsoft” and “Windows” are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the
United States and/or other countries.
All other trademarks are the property of Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. and its subsidiaries.
Thermo Fisher Scientific (Thermo Fisher) makes every effort to ensure the accuracy and completeness of this
manual. However, we cannot be responsible for errors, omissions, or any loss of data as the result of errors or
omissions. Thermo Fisher reserves the right to make changes to the manual or improvements to the product at
any time without notice.
The material in the manual is proprietary and cannot be reproduced in any form without express written consent
from Thermo Fisher.
Page 6
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Page 7
Revision History
Revision Level Date Comments
0.0 08-1996Initial release
A 02-2006Company name and contact information changes.
viii Sarasota FD910, FD950, & FD960 User Guide Thermo Fisher Scientific
Page 11
Control of
Substances
Hazardous to
Healt
h
Electrical Safety
Important Safety Information
Make sure you know the safety precautions and first aid instructions
before you use a hazardous substance.
Read the label on the container in which the substance is applied.
Read the data sheet applicable to the substance.
Obey the local orders and instructions.
Warning Remove all power from the unit before making any connections.
Electrocution can result if power is present.
Warning Ensure the power supply is isolated. Take suitable precautions to
prevent reinstatement of power while working on the system.
Thermo Fisher Scientific Sarasota FD910, FD950, & FD960 User Guide ix
Page 12
This page intentionally left blank.
Page 13
Chapter 1
Description
Product Overview
Introduction
The Thermo Scientific Sarasota FD910, FD950, and FD960 liquid density
meters (collectively called “density meters” in this guide) share a common
design that provides a high accuracy density measurement of single phase
liquids and slurries. The different instrument designations relate to the
material of construction. The Sarasota FD910 is constructed of stainless
steel and designed as a general purpose sensor for use with most process
fluids. The wetted parts of the Sarasota FD950 are Hastelloy C276. If
Hastelloy C276 and the process fluid are compatible, the improved
corrosion resistance makes the Sarasota FD950 ideal for aggressive
applications in the petrochemical, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries.
Ni-Span C wetted parts gives the Sarasota FD960 a low temperature
coefficient, making it the ideal instrument for fiscal or custody transfer
applications.
The density meters are supplied with 1” fittings. Normally, they are fitted
onto a sample bypass line, but if the pipe is small enough, they may be
fitted directly into a process plant pipeline. They are suitable for
continuous online operation in an industrial environment, and with an
environmental rating of IP65 (NEMA 4X), they are dust proof and
moisture proof.
Two versions are available. The F option provides frequency output and
4-wire PT100 connections that may be used by a remote density converter
or third-party flow computer. With the H option, an onboard HART
compliant density converter provides a linearized 4–20 mA output.
Page 14
Product Overview
Operation
The density meters consist of a stainless steel case capable of full secondary
containment to class 300, an electronics housing that contains the
maintaining amplifier, and the headmounted electronics (H option).The
case contains the sensor element, and process connections are flanged to
customer requirements.
Electrical connections to the liquid density meters are via screw terminals
that are mounted in the electronics housing, and there are two 3/4” NPT
cable entries to the electronics housing.
Operation
The density meters continuously measure the density of liquids or slurries
flowing through it. They use the appropriate software in conjunction with
the optional headmounted electronics, a density converter, or flow
computer to measure line density (the density of the fluid inside the density
meter). The line density can then be used to calculate other variables such
as density at reference conditions specific gravity, process gravity,
concentration, Brix, etc.
These guidelines will help ensure problem-free operation:
Keep system temperature and pressures within the specified limits.
Ensure system pipelines do not impose undue loads on the density
meter.
Ensure the density meter is calibrated at regular intervals.
Install the density meter as detailed in this manual.
To prevent any upstream throttling effects, use a downstream valve to
control the flow in the system.
If the process fluid solidifies at ambient temperature, the system should
be heated or the meter removed and cleaned with a suitable solvent
during shutdown periods. If this is not possible, the pipe arrangement
must be designed to allow for online flushing with a cleaning solution.
The sensing element consists of a pair of parallel sensor tubes (stainless steel
for FD910, Hastelloy C276 for FD950, Ni-Span C for FD960). The
sensor is maintained in oscillation at its resonant frequency by a
maintaining amplifier and assembly of electromagnetic drive, pick-up coils,
and armatures.
The drive coils are excited with an electric current that causes the sensor
tubes to oscillate. The electronic amplifier amplifies the pick-up coil voltage
signal and adjusts the phase and gain to produce a current through the
drive coils. This current maintains the sensor tubes at their natural
resonance. The time period of the resonance is proportional to the total
mass of the tubes (a constant) plus the process fluid inside. Changes in the
density of the process fluid will change the mass of tubes plus fluid and,
therefore, the resonant frequency.
The period output from the density meter (Period = 1/Frequency) is used
to calculate the density of product within the meter using the transducer
calibration data and the standard Thermo Scientific Sarasota density
equation.
From the calibration sheet, the following constants are generated during
calibration and are unique for each density meter:
● T0 (period at zero density) in μsec.
● D0 (theoretical density at zero period) in kg/m
●
K (Constant)
● Pressure and temperature coefficients
3
or lb./ft.
3
Each instrument is fitted with a precision PRT temperature element,
allowing accurate correction of both instrument and, if required, fluid
temperature effects.
Pressure compensation may be carried via a preset pressure value or a live
pressure input into the density converter or flow computer.
−
)'0tt(
×=ρ
0D
m
'0t
−
)'0tt(
×+×
K2
,
'0t
where
ρm = measured line density in kg/m3 [lb./ft.3]
T0 = calibration constant of spool in μsec.
t0' = corrected calibration constant of spool in μsec. and
D0 = calibration constant of spool in kg/m3 [lb./ft.3]
K = calibration constant of spool in kg/m3/°C [lb./ft.3/°F]
TEMPCO = temperature coefficient of spool in µsec./°C [µsec./°F]
PRESCO = pressure coefficient of the transducer in µsec./bar
[µsec./psi]
t = measured period in µsec.
T = measured/fixed line temperature in °C [°F]
P = measured/fixed absolute pressure in bar A [psi A]
T
= calibration temperature of densitometer 15°C [60°F]
cal
P
= calibration pressure of densitometer 1.01325 bar A [14.696 psi
Note Installation must be carried out in accordance with local site
requirements and regulations.
Copies of referenced drawings are located in the drawing appendix.
The recommended orientation of the density meter is vertical with
upward flow. Mounting the density meter vertically allows for usage at zero
flow, avoiding problems caused by vapor that can become trapped in the
density meter at low flows.
Mounting the density meter horizontally is acceptable if the flow is greater
than 5 L/min. This is to avoid trapping gas bubbles that cause unsteady
density measurements.
Note For clarity, the horizontal installation drawing shows bypass systems
above the pipeline, but in practice, the bypass system is best installed to one
side of the main pipeline.
In addition to mounting orientation, the following must be considered
prior to installation.
Dimensions: Refer to the dimensional drawing in the drawing
appendix.
Pressure: Place flow restrictors, flow control valves, or pressure control
valves downstream of the density meter in order to maintain full line
pressure in the sensor. This will prevent gas bubbles from forming in
the liquid due to a pressure drop occurring upstream of the instrument.
Support: The weight of the density meter is carried by the adjoining
pipework, which should be supported and correctly aligned to
minimize mechanical loads, such as twisting.
Heat tracing: Where the density meter is to be installed in a system that
requires heat tracing, insulation of the density meter may be required.
Consult Thermo Fisher.
Pycnometer connections: Refer to the vertical installation drawing.
The density meter should be bolted to the adjoining pipework with a
suitable gasket between the coupling flanges. The configuration should
be in the most convenient direction for connection of electrical cables.
Electrical
Considerations
There are also electrical issues to consider prior to installation.
Terminal box: Six core screened cable should be run to the instrument
and inserted into the terminal box through a weatherproof cable gland
screwed into the 3/4" NPT threaded hole in the side of the box. The
bared ends of each wire should have the cable ends crimped or soldered
onto them and then be attached to the terminals in the terminal box.
Cable: As the output from the density transducer is in the form of a
modulated current loop of approximately 8 mA peak-to-peak, the
resistance and reactance of the cable is relatively unimportant provided
a signal no less than 1.3 V peak-to-peak is available at the density
converter or flow computer.
Zener barriers: For intrinsically safe installations, zener barriers or
galvanic isolators must be used. In these cases, cable capacitance,
resistance, and inductance must be within the statutory limits or be as
specified by the certifying authority. Zener barriers or galvanic isolators
must always be mounted in an area allowed by the barrier or isolator
certification.
Screening: Screening is always suggested, but in some cases, it may not
be necessary. When used, it must be earthed to the I.S. bus bar or
grounded only at the control room end of the cable.
The Sarasota FD910, FD950, and FD960 density meters have been
designed to satisfy the requirements of Clause 1.2.7 of the essential Health
and Safety Requirements such that they will not give rise to physical injury
when handled properly. The instruments do not produce excessive surface
temperature, nor do they emit infra red, electromagnetic, or ionizing
radiation.
Before starting installation work, ensure all power connections are isolated,
and take precautions to prevent power from being restored while work is
taking place. Hazardous area installations forbid the use of tools or
equipment that could produce an explosion hazard by causing a spark or
imposing excessive mechanical stress.
Page 19
Installation
Marking
ATEX
Hazardous Area Installations
The instruments must be installed in a manner to avoid exposure to
thermal or mechanically induced stresses, and, in addition, they must not
be exposed to chemically aggressive substances beyond the expected levels.
The instruments are not intended to be exposed to significant conditions of
dust buildup.
In cases of location in Zone 0 (ATEX Category 1), where impact/abrasion
or other mechanical forces may be expected, appropriate methods of
protection must be used.
The Sarasota FD910, FD950, and FD960 density meters are marked for
use in hazardous areas in accordance with the ATEX Directive. They are
marked as follows.
F option
[BAS000ATEX1175X] II 1 G Ex ia IIC T6 Ga
Installed in the hazardous area
[BAS000ATEX1175X] is marked on the label as shown below:
Figure 2–1.
H option
[BAS01ATEX1002X] II 1 G Ex ia IIC T4 Ga
Installed in the hazardous area
[BAS01ATEX1002X] is marked on the label as shown below:
[Baseefa 02 ATEX 0031X] is marked on the label as shown below:
Figure 2–3.
The Sarasota FD910, FD950, and FD960 density meters are marked for
use in hazardous areas in accordance with CSA. The flameproof option is
marked as shown in the label below.
Figure 2–4.
ATEX
F option
At the amplifier terminals 1 & 2: Ui = 30 V, li = 100 mA, Pi = 0.7 W
At the PRT terminals W, X, Y, & Z: Ui = 10 V, li = 300 mA per
terminal, Pi = 0.5 W
H option
At the amplifier terminal pairs 1 & 2, 3 & 4, 5 & 6: Ui = 28.5 V,
li = 100 mA, Pi = 0.7 W
Caution Ensure all safety rules that apply to this equipment are followed
and any permits necessary for the work have been issued. Also ensure
obligations under the Health and Safety At Work Act are met.
Check all installation details and wiring against the recommended methods
in this manual.
If zener barriers or isolators are fitted, ensure they are correctly installed and
grounded/earthed where appropriate.
Functional
Checks
1. Connect the density meter to its signal converter or use a suitable bench
power supply set to 13–24 Vdc.
2. Switch on the power supply and check for 13–24 Vdc across terminals
1 (+ve) and 2 (common).
With the correct dc voltage applied to the empty instrument, a barely
audible sound can be heard from the instrument.
3. The frequency of the oscillating tube should be between 1250 and
1350 Hz (800 and 740 µs) when the instrument is full of air at
atmospheric pressure.
Stand the density meter on end and fill it with water. The frequency
should decrease approximately 400 Hz.
If required, you can check the PRT separately by disconnecting terminals
W, X, Y, and Z and measuring the resistance across terminals X and Y. For
best results, make an allowance for the internal leads by using a 4-wire
method for reading resistance or by measuring and allowing for the internal
lead resistances.
To manually allow for the internal lead resistances, take the measurements
below, and then perform the calculation that follows.
● Resistance across W and Y (Meas1)
● Resistance across Z and X (Meas2)
● Resistance across X and Y (Meas3)
3Meas
−
+
2
)2Meas1Meas(
.
Refer to Table 3–1 for resistance and corresponding temperatures. By
simultaneously measuring the line temperature using a separate PRT as
reference, you can determine the accuracy of the instrument PRT. While
performing this check, it is essential to allow the instrument to stabilize to
the line temperature and avoid rapid temperature fluctuations.
A certificate of transducer calibration is supplied with each density meter.
Accurate density calibration requires special equipment. Thus, it is
recommended that you return it to the manufacturer for accurate
calibration. Consult Thermo Fisher.
If you return a density meter, you must complete the Health and Safety
Clearance Form (provided in Appendix D). Failure to return this form may
result in the meter being returned.
If you do not return the instrument to the factory, you may perform
validation checks using one of the methods discussed below.
Method
For measurement at atmospheric pressure of stable, nonvolatile process
fluid, a single tapping in the line near the density meter may be all that is
required. However, if the sample is at elevated pressure, possibly with
entrained gas or volatile components, high pressure pycnometry will be
required. This is a specialized technique beyond the scope of this manual.
The sample must be taken from the line carefully, at a rate that will not
significantly change line conditions of temperature and density.
Simultaneously record the density meter reading.
The density of the sample should be measured in a temperature controlled
environment using a hydrometer, pycnometer bottle, or a reference meter.
Compare the measured density to the recorded density meter reading.
Note that if the density meter is reading line density, either the sample
density must be measured at the same conditions or the density measured
at standard conditions (in the laboratory) and then corrected to line
conditions. Alternatively, the line density reading (from the density meter)
can be corrected to the laboratory reference conditions, but this will add an
uncertainty to the measurement. If the density meter is to be corrected
based on the laboratory results, a number of samples should be taken and
averaged before a correction is made.
Remove the unit from the line and clean it as described in Chapter 5. For
best results, perform the following test in a temperature controlled or
temperature stable room after the meter and water sample have been
allowed to stabilize to room conditions for 12 hours.
1. Close the density meter with a plug blanking the lower flange. Tip the
unit at a 45-degree angle and slowly pour distilled water, if available,
down the side of the tubes. This is to minimize the amount of air and
bubbles that may be trapped in the water during filling. Run a cleaning
brush that has never been used with anything but water through each
tube. This ensures that all bubbles are wiped from the tubes.
2. Allow the temperature to stabilize. Then record the density reading and
temperature obtained. Compare the density value with the water data
in Table 4–1.
If the reading is within ±1.0 kg/m3 of the reading in the table, the
density meter is working correctly. If the reading is outside the limit, do
the test again carefully. Larger than expected uncertainties, mostly due
to air bubbles and thermal gradients, often occur while performing
static water tests. Do not expect static water tests to obtain as high a
degree of accuracy as the manufacturer’s calibration. If accuracy better
than ±1.0 kg/m3 is required, return the density meter to the factory for
calibration. Unless the application is particularly severe, a one-year
calibration interval should be adequate.
Note The frequency version (F option) of the density meter has no user
serviceable parts and cannot be dismantled. It should be returned to the
factory for service. Consult Thermo Fisher. The headmounted electronics
version (H option) has exchangeable PCBs. Reference to service exchange
of these parts is found in the HME900 manual.
Note Where solid deposit buildup occurs in the pipeline and density
meter, the accuracy of the density measurements will be degraded.
The density meters have been designed so that, in general, no maintenance
is required. Maintenance is limited to periodically checking the accuracy of
the meter via sample fluids, checking the PRT output, and cleaning the
meter.
If cleaning is required, remove the meter from the line and flush through
with a suitable cleaning fluid. Cleaning fluids should be compatible with
the wetted materials. The maximum temperature of the instrument
(180°C/356°F) should not be exceeded during cleaning. The sensor tubes
may be carefully cleaned using the manufacturer’s cleaning brush.
Caution If using the manufacturer’s cleaning brush, pass the brush through
the sensor tubes carefully and as straight through as possible to avoid
damaging (scratching) the sensor tubes.
“Clean in place” procedures may be employed if required.
Page 28
Maintenance & Service
Contact
Information
Contact Information
The local representative is your first contact for support and is well
equipped to answer questions and provide application assistance. You can
also contact Thermo Fisher Scientific directly.
Process Instruments
12320 Cardinal Meadow Dr
Suite150
Sugar Land, TX 77478 USA
+1 (800) 437-7979
A-101, 1CC Trade Tower
Senapati Bapat Road
Pune 411 016
Maharashtra, INDIA
6626 7000
+91 (20)
+91 (20) 6626 7001 fax
Ion Path, Road Three
insford, Cheshire
W
CW7 3GA
UNITED KINGDOM
+44 (0) 1606 548700
+44 (0) 1606 548711 fax
Uni
t 702-715, 7/F Tower West
Yonghe Plaza No. 28
Andingmen East Street, Beijing
ZB/MTL/D1 For use with smart headmounted electronics option with pressure transducer input (set of 3 barriers):
2x MTL728/28V-300 ohm for density meter power supply and pressure transducer loop power
1x MTL787S/28V-300 ohm + diode return to power HART signal loop
4–20 mA
ZB/MTL/D2
(CM515)
For use with frequency output option with connection to Sarasota CM515 (set of 3 barriers):
1x MTL787S/28V-300 ohm + diode return to power density meter
2x MTL755 dual channel 3V-10 ohm ac barriers
ZB/MTL/D3 For use with smart headmounted electronics option without pressure transducer input (set of 2 barriers):
1x MTL728/28V-300 ohm for density meter power supply
1x MTL787S/28V-300 ohm + diode return to power HART signal loop
4–20 mA
ISO/P+F/GH Isolation barriers for use with smart headmounted electronics option without pressure transducer input (set
of 2 barriers):
1x KFD2-STC3-Ex1 for HART signal loop 4–20 mA
1x KFD2-SD-Ex1.48 for density meter power; should be used when no earth ground is available or in
some countries or locations when the device is used in Zone 0 hazardous area
ZB/MTL/D1 For use with smart headmounted electronics option with pressure transducer input (set of 3 barriers):
2x MTL728/28V-300 ohm for density meter power supply and pressure transducer loop power
1x MTL787S/28V-300 ohm + diode return to power HART signal loop 4–20 mA
ZB/MTL/D2
(CM515)
For use with frequency output option with connection to Sarasota CM515 (set of 3 barriers):
1x MTL787S/28V-300 ohm + diode return to power density meter
2x MTL755 dual channel 3V-10 ohm ac barriers
ZB/MTL/D3 For use with smart headmounted electronics option without pressure transducer input (set of 2 barriers):
1x MTL728/28V-300 ohm for density meter power supply
1x MTL787S/28V-300 ohm + diode return to power HART signal loop 4–20 mA
ISO/P+F/GH Isolation barriers for use with smart headmounted electronics option without pressure transducer input (set
of 2 barriers):
1x KFD2-STC3-Ex1 for HART signal loop 4–20 mA
1x KFD2-SD-Ex1.48 for density meter power; should be used when no earth ground is available or in
some countries or locations when the device is used in Zone 0 hazardous area
ZB/MTL/D1 For use with smart headmounted electronics option with pressure transducer input (set of 3 barriers):
2x MTL728/28V-300 ohm for density meter power supply and pressure transducer loop power
1x MTL787S/28V-300 ohm + diode return to power HART signal loop 4–20 mA
ZB/MTL/D2
(CM515)
For use with frequency output option with connection to Sarasota CM515 (set of 3 barriers):
1x MTL787S/28V-300 ohm + diode return to power density meter
2x MTL755 dual channel 3V-10 ohm ac barriers
ZB/MTL/D3 For use with smart headmounted electronics option without pressure transducer input (set of 2 barriers):
1x MTL728/28V-300 ohm for density meter power supply
1x MTL787S/28V-300 ohm + diode return to power HART signal loop 4–20 mA
ISO/P+F/GH Isolation barriers for use with smart headmounted electronics option without pressure transducer input
(set of 2 barriers):
1x KFD2-STC3-Ex1 for HART signal loop 4–20 mA
1x KFD2-SD-Ex1.48 for density meter power; should be used when no earth ground is available or in
some countries or locations when the device is used in Zone 0 hazardous area
ISO/MTL Isolation barriers for use with smart headmounted electronics option without pressure transducer input
(set of 2 barriers):
1x MTL5541 for HART signal loop 4–20 mA
1 x MTL5525 for density meter power; should be used when no earth ground is available or in some
countries or locations when the device is used in Zone 0 hazardous area
Note Information presented in this chapter has been regenerated from
original drawings. Every effort is made to maintain document accuracy.
However, in order to enhance legibility, the documents may have been
restructured, and some information may have been intentionally excluded.
Therefore, the drawings within this guide may not be exact duplicates of
the original drawings.
Note Drawings in this manual are included for reference only and may not
be the current version. Contact the factory if you need a copy of the latest
revision.
Failure to comply with this procedure will result in equipment service delays.
This form must be completed for all equipment returned to Thermo Fisher Scientific (Thermo Fisher) – Franklin, MA Depot
Repair. Depot repair personnel are unable to handle any equipment that has been in contact with a process fluid or hazardous
material if it is not accompanied by this correctly completed Health and Safety Clearance Form.
All sections of this form must be completed, and the form must arrive at Thermo Fisher prior to the arrival of the equipment. A
copy of this form must also accompany the equipment.
Prior to returning any equipment for service, authorization must be obtained from customer service. A Return Material
Authorization (RMA) number will be issued and must be entered in Section 1 of this form.
Section 1: Reference Details
RMA #:
Equipment type:
Serial #:
Section 2: Process Fluid Information
All substances in contact with the equipment must be
declared.
Chemical names (list all):
Precautions to be taken when handling these substances (list
all):
Action to be taken in the event of human contact or
spillage:
Additional information you consider relevant:
Section 3: Shipping Information
Carrier details:
Tel:
/ Fax:
Section 4: Declaration
Must be authorized ONLY if non-toxic or non-
hazardous substances apply.
I hereby confirm that the equipment specified above has not
come into contact with any toxic or hazardous substances.
Signed:
Nam
e:
Position:
For/on behalf of:
Date:
Must be authorized if toxic or hazardous substances
apply.
I hereby confirm that the only toxic or hazardous
substances that the equipment specified has been in contact
with are named in Section 2, that the information given is
correct, and that the following actions have been taken:
1.The equipment has been drained and flushed.
2.The inlet/outlet ports have been sealed, and the
3.The carrier has been informed of the hazardous nature
Signed:
equipment has been securely packed and labeled.
of the consignment and has received a copy of this
completed form.
Schedule
A copy of this completed form MUST BE HANDED TO THE CARRIER to accompany the equipment.
d delivery date to Thermo Fisher:
Form No.: QF_COSHH ECO: 5424 REV: B Date 12-08-06
Nam
e:
Position:
For/on behalf of:
Date:
Page 57
Appendix E
Toxic & Hazardous Substances
Tables
The English and Chinese versions of the Toxic & Hazardous Substances
tables for the density meters can be found on the following pages.