Thermo Scientific Orion Star T920, Orion Star T940, Orion Star T930, Orion Star T910 Instruction Manual
Page 1
Thermo Scientific™ Orion Star™
T900 Series Laboratory Titrator
User Manual
68X700190 • Revision 0.1 • December 2017
Page 2
Page 3
Contents
Overview.................................................................. 1
Summary ............................................................. 1
Terminology ......................................................... 2
Safety Precautions ............................................... 4
Location Safety .................................................... 4
Unpacking and Initial Setup...................................... 6
Attaching the Electrode Holder Shaft Assembly
to the Titrator Unit ................................................ 7
Installing the Burette............................................. 8
Installing the Tubing ............................................. 9
Operation............................................................... 11
User Interface..................................................... 11
Titrator Startup................................................... 11
Home Screen..................................................... 11
Start a New Titration .......................................... 13
General Settings................................................. 15
Logs................................................................... 15
Methods............................................................. 15
Burette............................................................... 16
Direct Measure................................................... 16
Frequently Asked Questions .................................. 17
Maintenance and Customer Service....................... 20
Maintenance Schedule....................................... 20
Titrator and Burette Storage............................... 20
Ordering Information .............................................. 21
Page 4
Accessories and Replacement Parts .................. 22
Specifications ........................................................ 24
Customer Services................................................. 26
Warranty Information .......................................... 26
Warranty Shipments/ Returns/Adjustments ........ 26
Regulatory Statements....................................... 27
Page 5
Overview
Summary
Thermo Scientific™ Orion Star™ T900 series laboratory
titrators are designed to increase your lab productivity by
automating potentiometric titrations. These compact titrators
are simple to use with easy navigation from setup to live
titration analysis to data transfer, all on a large color graphic
touchscreen display. Create and save up to ten custom
user-defined methods or use preprogrammed protocols, all
with onscreen instructions and help menus, so everyone in
your lab can be up to speed quickly and easily.
We have integrated our core electrochemistry technology with
a state-of-the-art reagent dispensing system to create a
modern, simplified automated titrator designed to make
performing titrations easier, more reliable, more reproducible
and faster than manual titrations. Our automated titrators
expand the number of ions and compounds that can be
measured beyond direct electrode analysis and offer dynamic
process controls that adjust the titration to optimize analysis
results.
The Orion Star T900 series titrators include four models, the
Orion Star T910 pH titrator, Orion Star T920 redox titrator,
Orion Star T930 ion titrator and Orion Star T940 all-in-one
titrator. These titrators have the ability to calibrate the
electrode (sensor), standardize titrants and perform various
types of potentiometric titrations. The Orion Star T930 ion
titrator and Orion Star T940 all-in-one titrator offer the added
benefit of multiple know addition (MKA) analysis, where the
titrator performs an automated calibration and calculation of
sample concentration by adding aliquots of standard to
sample.
Ideally suited for dedicated, routine measurements, the Orion
Star T900 series titrators are designed to help laboratories
overcome problems of sample throughput or analytical
complexity through automation of analysis. What
differentiates the Orion Star T900 series titrators from other
single parameter instruments and automatic titrators are their
simplicity. All of the setup procedures appear on the display in
the form of easy-to-understand, sequential menus. Because
the analysis is automated, each titration step is carried out
consistently time after time, operator to operator, using a high
precision burette that meets ISO 8655 standard. Whether
your analysis is acidity of juices, alkalinity of water, surfactants
in shampoo, fluoride in drinking water or Vitamin C in juices,
the Orion Star T900 series titrators offer a simple system to
automate your measurements.
This user manual provides instructions for the Orion Star T910
pH titrator, Orion Star T920 redox titrator, Orion Star T930 ion
titrator and Orion Star T940 all-in-one titrator. Detailed
information on titrator installation, setup, operation and
features is provided in the appropriate sections of this user
manual. Please visit
additional information on Thermo Scientific Orion instruments,
electrodes and solutions.
Use the Orion Star T910 pH titrator for dedicated acid-base
titrations including titratable acidity of juices and wines, acidity
of food products, alkalinity of waters, acidity and alkalinity of
consumer products, total acid number (TAN) and total base
number (TBN). Titration techniques include equivalence point
titrations and preset pH endpoint titrations.
Use the Orion Star T920 redox titrator for dedicated redox
titrations including sulfite/SO2 and reducing sugar in juice and
wine, ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and peroxide value in food
products, dissolved oxygen in wastewater by Winkler titration
and organic matter in soil. Titration techniques include
equivalence point titrations and preset mV endpoint titrations.
Use the Orion Star T930 ion titrator for dedicated ion
concentration titrations including salt in food products,
chloride in drinking water and wastewater, ammonia and Total
Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) of wastewater, surfactants in
consumer products and total hardness of drinking water and
wastewater. Titration techniques include equivalence point
titrations and preset mV endpoint titrations plus multiple
known addition (MKA) mode. Using MKA mode, the titrator
performs an automated calibration and calculation of sample
concentration by adding aliquots of standard to sample,
removing the need for a separate calibration and minimizing
matrix effects.
Use the Orion Star T940 all-in-one titrator for flexible pH,
redox and ion concentration titrations including equivalence
point titrations, preset pH or mV endpoint titrations plus
multiple known addition (MKA) mode for automated known
addition of various ions.
www.thermofisher.com/water for
Orion Star T900 Series Laboratory Titrator Overview | 1
Page 6
Terminology
The terminologies used in this user manual is explained here
Titrator
The device used to perform the titration, titrant
standardization or direct measurement.
Titrant
Reagent of known concentration that is added to a sample
and results in an observable reaction and endpoint or
equivalence point.
Sample
Solution of unknown concentration that is titrated using a
titrant to determine the concentration.
Burette
Component that dispenses a measured volume of titrant into
the sample by pulling the titrant from the reagent bottle into
the burette and then pushing the titrant from the burette to the
dispensing probe and into the sample.
Electrode
Also called probe or sensor, the device in the solution
performing the measurement.
Mode
Measurement type being used by the titrator (pH, mV, ISE).
Method
A set of saved parameters and values for a particular titration
including the electrode, titrant and titration setup parameters
as well as electrode calibration and titrant standardization
when applicable.
pH
ISE (Ion Selective Electrode)
Ion selective electrodes measure the concentration of specific
ions in sample solutions such as water, wastewater,
consumer goods and pharmaceuticals. Ion selective
electrodes are available for ammonia, ammonium, bromide,
cadmium, calcium, carbon dioxide, chloride, chlorine, cupric,
cyanide, fluoride, fluoroborate, iodide, lead, nitrate,
potassium, silver, sodium, sulfide, surfactant and thiocyanate.
All-in-One
Titrator that combines the functionality of the pH, redox and
ion titrators into one unit.
Titration
Technique that is based upon the addition of a reagent
(titrant) that reacts with the sample species. The changes in
electrode potential are observed and sample concentration is
calculated from the volume of reagent that is chemically
equivalent to the sample species.
Equivalence/Inflection Point Titration
Technique of adding small aliquots of a titrant to the sample,
recording the potential changes, and applying a first derivative
analysis to the data, from which the endpoint is calculated.
The technique assumes that the change in mV reading per
volume of titrant added will be greatest at the endpoint. This
technique is a very precise technique for performing routine
titrations.
Preset Endpoint Titration
Type of titration where aliquots of the titrant are added until a
predetermined mV or pH value is reached. This is a fast way
to do a titration, but requires that the sample and its reaction
with the titrant be well known. The preset endpoint technique
is useful for analyses without a clearly defined endpoint and is
often a technique required by industry standards.
pH measurements compares the relative acidity or alkalinity of
a solution at a given temperature. A pH of 7 describes a
neutral solution because the activities of hydrogen and
hydroxide ions are equal. When the pH is below 7, the
solution is described as acidic because the activity of
hydrogen ion is greater than that of hydroxide ion. A solution
is more acidic as the hydrogen ion activity increases and the
pH value decreases. Conversely, when the pH is above 7, the
solution is described as basic (or alkaline) because the activity
of hydroxide ion is greater than that of hydrogen ion.
Redox / ORP
ORP (Oxidation / Reduction Potential) measures the oxidizing
or reducing nature of a sample. This gives an overall indication
of how "reactive" the sample is. ORP measurements are
common in water, wastewater, process water and plating
bath applications.
2 | Overview Orion Star T900 Series Laboratory Titrator
Multiple Known Addition (MKA)
Known addition is a technique of adding small aliquots of the
species of interest to the sample and calculating the original
sample concentration from the observed changes in potential.
The electrode chosen for analysis should sense the species of
interest. This technique helps minimize matrix effects and
offers greater precision than direct calibration measurement.
In multiple known addition, three or more additions are made
to the sample allowing electrode slope, Eo, sample
concentration and a spike recovery to be calculated. This is a
very precise technique because the calibration is performed
directly in the sample matrix during analysis.
Unique benefits of multiple known addition include the level of
precision of the analysis may be chosen and each sample
analysis is automatically verified by a spike recovery analysis.
Page 7
Direct Titration
Technique in which the titrant reacts directly with the
chemicals in the sample solution and titrant consumption is
directly related to the quantity of the chemicals in the sample.
Back Titration
Technique in which excess quantity of a reagent is added to
the sample, so that the entire sample reacts with the reagent
and some un-reacted reagent remains. The un-reacted
excess reagent is titrated with suitable titrant. If the amount of
reagent added to the sample is known, the sample
concentration can be calculated.
Blank Titration
A blank is used when performing a back titration or when a
background correction is necessary (background level of the
measured species is present prior to analysis). The blank
value can be manually entered or calculated by performing a
titration. If a blank value is entered, make sure that all samples
analyzed by that method are prepared in the same manner.
Most routine titration methods do not require a blank.
ROSS pH Electrodes
Orion solutions are manufactured for accuracy and
repeatability to the highest quality standard in the industry.
Orion solutions are produced in controlled batches using ultra
pure water and undergo rigorous quality testing throughout
the process to prevent contamination before and after
bottling. Buffers and standards have lot-specific certificates of
analysis with NIST-traceable testing results.
Not all pH electrodes are created equal – It is critical that the
measurements customers perform day-to-day are accurate
and reproducible. Customers rely on their pH electrodes to
measure their samples quickly and precisely, making pH
electrodes an essential part of the lab. ROSS pH electrodes
offer superior measurement stability, fast response, high
accuracy and precision even in samples with varying
temperatures, no long-term drift and long lifespan.
Orion Ion Selective Electrodes (ISEs)
Measurement by an ion selective electrode (ISE) can be
performed in virtually every laboratory. Efficient and
Economical - Electrode measurements are simpler and faster
than other analytical techniques. Time consuming sample
steps such as filtration and distillations are rarely needed and
analysis time is typically 1-2 minutes per sample. Compared
to other analysis methods, there is a relatively small setup
cost. Ion selective electrodes can be used for determination
of a titration end point and are useful as end point detectors
because they are unaffected by sample color or turbidity.
Orion Electrochemistry Solutions
Customers need to be able to rely on their measurements and
using high-quality solutions to calibrate and maintain
electrodes is the best way to ensure data is both accurate
and reproducible. Using low-quality, home-made, or expired
buffers can lead to measurement errors, which require
lengthy troubleshooting, or even worse – can go unnoticed.
Using high-quality solutions eliminates one of the major
causes of measurement inaccuracy.
Orion Star T900 Series Laboratory Titrator Overview | 3
Page 8
Safety Precautions
Thermo Fisher Scientific does not accept any liability for
damage that may arise if information in this manual is not
followed. Therefore, the operating instructions and
specifications must be read and understood by all persons
involved in installation and operation of this equipment.
Thermo Fisher Scientific will not be liable for direct, indirect,
special, incidental or consequential damages resulting from
any defect or omission in this manual. Thermo Fisher
Scientific reserves the right to make changes in this manual
and the products it describes at any time, without notice or
obligation. Revised editions are found on the Thermo Fisher
Scientific website. Intended operators should read and
understand the entire manual before operating this system.
Special attention should be given to all safety and caution
notes contained in this manual and the Low voltage Directive
(LVD) document. Failure to do so could result in serious injury
to the operator or damage to the equipment.
Definition of Signal Warnings and
WARNING: Indicates situations where
dangerous voltages exist and potential for
electrical shock is present.
This symbol indicates that a risk of explosion
is present.
Orion Star T900 Series titrators utilize instrument technology
that complies with all industry recognized safety rules. Certain
hazards may arise in extraneous circumstances. NEVER open
the housing of the instrument. It is not meant to be maintained
or repaired by the user. Opening the instrument may
jeopardize the safety and accuracy of the instrument. If you
ever have problems with your instrument, contact your
authorized Thermo Fisher dealer or service representative.
Intended Use
Symbols
Safety notes are marked with signal words and warning
symbols. These show safety issues and warnings. Ignoring
the safety notes may lead to personal injury, damage to the
instrument, malfunctions and false results. Make sure that the
protection provided by this equipment is not impaired. Do not
use or install this equipment in any manner other than that
specified in this manual.
CAUTION: Indicates a hazardous situation
with low risk, resulting in damage to the
device or the property or in loss of data, or
minor or medium injuries if not avoided.
WARNING: Indicates a hazardous situation
with medium risk, possibly resulting in severe
injuries or death if not avoided.
ATTENTION: Indicates important function of the product.
This instrument is designed to perform potentiometric
titrations in laboratory environment by knowledgeable
laboratory technicians trained to operate titrations. It is
suitable for the processing of reagents and solvents. The use
requires knowledge and experience in working with toxic and
corrosive substances which pose inherent danger. Use of this
instrument requires knowledge and experience working with
application specific reagents, which may be toxic or
hazardous.
Location Safety
The instrument has to be operated indoor only and must not
be used in explosive environment. Place the instrument in a
well ventilated location at which it can rest in leveled position,
protected from direct sunlight or sources of excessive heat,
corrosive atmosphere and mechanical upset (danger of being
knocked down, exposed to strong vibrations etc.). Operate at
temperatures between 5°C and 40°C. Avoid environment with
frequent temperature changes as they influence bubble
for
ation and potentially affect the accuracy.
m
Note: Indicates useful information about the product.
4 | Overview Orion Star T900 Series Laboratory Titrator
Page 9
CAUTION: Always wear pr
the laboratory when working with the
instrument. A lab coat and eye protection
such as goggles should be worn. Use
appropriate (and undamaged) gloves when
handling chemicals or hazardous substances.
WARNING! Risk of electric shock: Power
to your instrument is supplied with a 3-pin
grounded power cable. Always maintain the
grounding of the instrument for safety
reasons. Never use ungrounded electrical
outlet or extension cables without grounding
conductors. NEVER defeat the grounding
intentionally.
WARNING! Risk of corrosion: Tubing,
connections and loose titration vessels are a
safety risk. They all can leak corrosive liquids.
To prevent this:
1. Make sure all connections are tightened
well by ha
p
revent damage.
2. When making tubing connections, be
ca
r
fitting.
3. Inspect all tubing for signs of rupture or
he
ot
4. Inspect all vessels for signs of damage or
leaks.
Before using corrosive or toxic reagents,
5.
n the test with water to make sure all leak
ru
free and safe.
nd, avoiding excessive force t
eful to avoid cross threading of the
r damage.
otective clothing in
o
WARNING! Chemicals: All relevant safety
measures are to be observed when
working with chemicals.
1. Set up the instrument in a well-ventilated
location.
. Any spills should be wiped off immediately.
2
3. Always consult and comply with MSDS and
rec
ommendations from the manufacturer
for any solvents and chemicals.
WEEE Compliance: This product is required
to comply with the European Union’s Waste
Electrical & Electronic Equipment (WEEE)
Directive 2012/19/EU. It is marked with the
symbol shown here.Thermo Fisher Scientific
has contracted with one or more recycling/
disposal companies in each EU Member State
and this product should be disposed of or
recycled through them. Further information on
compliance with these directives, the recyclers
in your country, and information on Thermo
Scientific Orion products that may assist the
detection of substances subject to the RoHS
Directive are available by contacting us using
the WLP information on the back page of this
user manual.
WARNING! Flammable solvents:
All relevant safety measures must be
served when working with flammable
ob
solvents and chemicals. Always consult
SDS (Safety Data Sheet) for the liquids that
will be used.
1. Your workplace must not be in proximity of
y sources of flame or excessive heat.
an
b safe
SDS
ty rules.
2. Always consult and comply with
(Sa
ety Data Sheet) and recommendations
f
from the manufacturer for any solvents and
chemicals.
3. Always observe general la
Orion Star T900 Series Laboratory Titrator Overview | 5
Page 10
Unpacking and Initial Setup
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
The box contains the following:
Unpacking Titrator
Unpack the Orion Star T900 Series Titrator from its shipping
carton and inspect it for damage. Verify that all the parts listed
here are included.
If damage is evident or if the shipment is incomple
contact the Customer Service Department. It is
recommended that you keep the titrator box, and do not
destroy it during unpacking, so it can be used for possible
future use.
te, please
• Titrator
0 mL Burette
• 2
• Burette Cover
•
• Stirr
•
• T
•Desiccant Tube
•
• 1 L
•
•
•
• 110-240 V Power Adapters
rode Hold
Elect
er Probe
enser Probe
Disp
ubing Kit
Reagent Bottle Holder
Plastic Reagent Bottle
GL38 Reagent
USB Co
USB Flash Dri
er
Bottle Cap
mputer Cable
ve with User Manual
Figure 1. Laboratory Titrator and Components
1 Burette Cover 5 Touch Screen
2 Electrode Holder Shaft 6 On/Off Button
3 Electrode Holder Head 7 Reagent Bottle Holder
4 Tubing Connections
6 | Unpacking and Initial Setup Orion Star T900 Series Laboratory Titrator
Page 11
Attaching the Electrode Holder Shaft Assembly to the Titrator Unit
3. Adjust the Electrode Holder Head onto the Electrod
Ho
er Shaft by depressing the release button and sliding
ld
it to the appropriate location on the shaft. Refer to
Figure 4.
e
Figure 2. Electrode Holder Shaft Attachment
1. Install Electrode Holder Shaft by inserting the shaft into
le on the top of the titrator and align the slots on th
the ho
ft with the tracks on the holder. Refer Figure 2.
sha
2. Fasten Electrode Holder Shaft to Titrator by tilting the unit
an
captive screw accessible through the hole on the bottom
of the Titrator. A Torx T20 drive type screwdriver is
included with the titrator for this step of installation.
Refer Figure 3.
tening the supplied fastener. The fastener is a
d tigh
Figure 4. Positioning the Electrode Holder to the
Electrode Holder Shaft
4. Insert the electrodes and probes into the labeled slots on
e
the e
lectrode holder head.
. As appropriate, adjust the location of the stopper on the
5
ode holder shaft to limit how far down the electrode
electr
holder head can be moved. This may be helpful to
prevent electrode breakage.
6. As appropriate, use the cable management accessory to
ga
nize electrode cables and wires.
or
Figure 3. Fastener Location for Tightening the
Electrode Holder Shaft
Orion Star T900 Series Laboratory Titrator Unpacking and Initial Setup | 7
Page 12
Installing the Burette
A
23
4
1
2
2. Seat the glass cylinder of the burette onto the alignment
rings of the titrator by gently pressing down on the
burette.
Figure 5. Positioning the Burette to the Unit
1. Holding the center of the glass burette, gently align the
pist
on ball on the burette (a) with the clasp on the titrator
(b).
3. Place the burette cover over the burette, gently screw on
the cover and ensure the top of the burette is aligned with
the opening on the cover.
8 | Unpacking and Initial Setup Orion Star T900 Series Laboratory Titrator
Page 13
Installing the Tubing
Dispenser
Bottle
Burette
The Orion Star T900 series tubing kit contains three different
tubings - burette to valve tubing with blue fittings, reagent
bottle cap to valve tubing with white fittings and dispenser
probe to valve tubing with black fittings. The connection ports
are listed in Figure 6.
Burette:
Connect the tubing with blue fittings to the valve port labeled
“bur
ette” and the burette cap.
Bottle:
Connect tubing with white fittings to the valve port labeled
ottle
” and the reagent bottle cap.
“b
Dispenser:
Connect the tubing with black fittings to the valve port labeled
“disp
enser” and the dispenser probe.
Note: When replacing tubing, always ensure that fittings are
and free of debris prior to making connections
clean
with ports.
Connecting the Titrator with
Accessories and Devices
Back Panel
Figure 8. Back Panel of the Titrator
Figure 6. Connection Ports
1 Electrode BNC 5 USB A (2)
2 Electrode REF 6 USB B
3 ATC 7 Power
4 Stirrer
Universal Power Adapter
The power adapter is of universal type and can be used for
any voltage in the range 100-240 V AC, 50-60 Hz. It is a
bench-top style with a barrel type connector for input into the
instrument.
1. Select the power cord that fits your regional power outlet
and p
lug it into the IEC receptacle on the power adapter.
2. Plug the barrel type connector into corresponding power
in
3. Plug in the power cord into the power outle
Note: A univer
the instrument.
let on
t.
sal power adapter and country specific AC
power cords for US, EU, UK, AU, and China are
included with the Orion Star T900 series titrator. Use of
other power adapters can damage the titrator and will
void the warranty.
Figure 7. Tube Set of the Titrator
Orion Star T900 Series Laboratory Titrator Unpacking and Initial Setup | 9
Note: Th
su
e use of a surge protector or uninterrupted power
pply (UPS) is also recommended.
Page 14
Connecting Electrodes and Stirrer
Probe
a. Connect the sensing electrode to the BNC input.
b. If appropriate, connect the half-cell reference
electrode to the REF input.
c. If appropriate, connect the ATC temperature probe to
th
e ATC input.
d. Connect the stirrer probe to the STIRRER input.
e. Connect appropriate external devices to the USB A
an
d USB B inputs.
f. Connect the power supply to the POWER input.
Note: Ca
For proper accuracy, stirrer is a necessity. The titrator is
e
quipped with a probe style stirrer which should be
connected to the 3.5 mm phone connector on the back
panel, and the body should be placed into the middle position
on the electrode holder arm. This arrangement of the
electrodes, dispensing tip and stirrer aids in effective stirring
and accuracy. Stirrer speed is adjustable depending on the
conditions, liquid volume etc.
re should be taken to properly use the locking
feature on the ATC connector to lock on to the
instrument housing.
Connecting a Printer
Use the USB A connector to connect the titrator to the
compact printer, catalog number STARA-106. After
establishing physical connection with the printer using USB
cable, the titrator will automatically detect the printer. No
further setup is needed.
Connecting a USB device
Use USB A connector on the back panel to connect external
devices to the titrator including a USB flash drive (USB
memory stick, USB thumb drive). In this case, Titrator will be
a host to devices.
Computer
Use the USB B connector on the back panel to connect to a
computer. The Orion Star T900 Series Computer Software,
Cat. No. START-PC1, is available for data transfer from the
titrator to a computer.
10 | Unpacking and Initial Setup Orion Star T900 Series Laboratory Titrator
Page 15
Operation
User Interface
Titrator Startup
To start up the Titrator, complete the following steps
1. Plug the titrator into the power outlet.
2. Press the power switch located on the side of the titrator.
3. The Thermo Scientific logo is displayed on the fr
screen.
If this is the first time the titrator is turned on, th
4.
Instrument Setup Wizar
Setup” button to initiate. The screens walk through
general settings including language, time and format, date
and format, temperature units and instrument name.
5. After the Instrument Setup Wizard is completed, the next
i
me the titrator is powered on it will proceed directly to
t
the home screen.
d will be shown. Tap the “Start
ont
e
Home Screen
•The “Start a New Titration” button will access the step-byorkflow for setting up a new titration, including
step w
setting electrode, titrant and titration parameters.
• The “Repeat Last Titration” button will navigate dir
the Titration Pre-Check screen – the most recently used set
of electrode, titrant and titration setup parameters, as well
as electrode calibration and titrant standardization results
(when appropriate), will be used to calculate the titration
results.
•The “Use a Saved Method” button will navigate to th
ods section used to create, edit or run a method.
th
Me
The left-side navigation area contains the icons for Back
(nav
igation), Home, General Settings, Logs, Methods, Burette
and Direct Measure
The “Back” icon will navigate to the last
displayed screen when it is active – it will be
colored blue when it is active and colored grey
when it is not active
The “Home” icon will navigator back to the Home
screen
ectly to
e
The Home screen will display the buttons and information
appropriate for the current conditions and settings, so not all
buttons may be shown at all times.
For example, the first time the titrator is started, only the “Start
a New Titration” button will be shown.
The “General Settings” icon will navigate to the
General Settings section
The “Logs” icon will navigate to the Logs:
Titration, Titrant, Calibration and Direct Measure
section
The “Methods” icon will navigate to the Methods
section
The “Burette” icon will navigate to the Burette
Setup and Maintenance section
The “Direct Measure” icon will navigate to the
Direct Measure section
Orion Star T900 Series Laboratory Titrator Operation | 11
Page 16
The lower right hand corner of the home screen contains an
information” icon that provides screen-specific information
“
and guidance.
The right-side navigation area contains the most recent
titr
ation information after a sample titration is performed, as
well as electrode calibration and titrant standardization
information when appropriate.
When a method is not active:
The “Electrode” button will be shown and will navigate to
•
the Electrode Setup section for an unsaved method
•
The “Titrant” button will navigate to the Titrant Setup
section for an unsaved method
•
The “Titration” button will navigate to the Titration setup
section for an unsaved method
12 | Operation Orion Star T900 Series Laboratory Titrator
Page 17
Start a New Titration
From the Home screen, when the “Start a New Titration”
button is pressed, the titrator will display a series of screens
designed to walk the user through the setup and actions
needed to complete a titration.
• Electrode Name: Enter a name using up to 14
alp
umeric characters.
han
•For pH as electrode type (Orion Star T910 and Orion Star
T940
only):
–
Resolution: Select 0.1, 0.01 or 0.001 pH resolution
– Buffer Group: Select USA (1.68, 4.01, 7.00, 10.01,
12
6) or DIN (1.68, 4.01, 6.86, 9.18)
.4
•For ISE as electrode type (Orion Star T930 and Orion Star
T940
only):
– ISE T
– Significant Digits: Select 1, 2, 3 or 4 significant digit res-
–
ype: Lists the Ion Selective Electrodes that can be
us
ed in titrations including generic ions such as X
+
X
olution
Direct Measure Units: Select the unit for the measurement value in the direct measure mode
-
and
Step 2: Setup of Titrant
Step 1: Setup of Electrode
Parameters related to the electrode will be displayed and
editable. Not all parameters may be shown, depending on the
titrator model and previous parameter selections.
• Electrode Type (Orion Star T930 and Orion Star T940 only):
Select what type of titration can be performed.
pH = titration using a pH electrode
–
– Redox = titration using a redox electrode
– ISE-Titration = titration using an ion selective electrode
ISE-MKA = Multiple Known Addition analysis usi
–
selective electrode
ion
g an
n
Parameters related to the titrant are displayed and editable.
Not all parameters may be shown, depending on the titrator
model and previous parameter selections.
• Titrant Name: Select a common titrant from the list or
select "User Defined"
– User Defined Titrant Name: Enter a name using up to
14
alphanumeric characters
•Titrant ID: Enter a titrant ID using up to 14 alphanumer
chara
cters – the ID can help identify and track the titrant in
ethod.
a m
ic
Orion Star T900 Series Laboratory Titrator Operation | 13
Page 18
•Conc. Input Mode: Select how the concentration of the
t will be determined
titran
– Select “Manual Entry" to enter the exact concentrati
of th
e titrant in M or mM
–
Select "Standardization” to run a titration to determine
th
xact concentration of the titrant
e e
•Nominal Concentration: Enter the expected concentration
value o
•
Sta
Endp
determine the titrate concentration.
Result
•
determined titrant concentration value.
•
Standar
reaction of the standard to titrant, as moles standard
divided by moles titrant.
•
Sta
select "Use
•Standard Amount: Select the method the standard amount
will be entere
• Standard Molecular Weight: Enter the
the chemical used as the standard.
• Standard Purity: Enter the percentage of actual chemical in
the m
•
Sta
ch
•Pre-dose Titrant Volume: When the endpoint volume is we
know
standard before the titration begins to shorten titration time.
•Max Total Titrant Volume: Enter the maximum amount
titran
stop the analysis if the endpoint is not determined.
• Standardization Process Control: Select “Routine”, “Quick”,
“Car
controls that adjust the titration to optimize analysis results.
•Pre-stir Duration: Enter the time in seconds to stir th
solution p
Stir
•
Slow”,
solution thoroughly without causing a vortex, bubbles or
splashes.
f the titrant to be standardized in M or mM.
ndardize Tech.: Select “Equivalence Point” or “Prese
oint” as the titration technique that will be used to
Units: Select M or
dize Reaction Ratio: Ente
ndard Name: Select a common standard from the list or
r Defined"
User
–
Defined Standard Name: Enter a name using up t
14 a
lphanumeric characters
d:
Select “Fixed Weight” or “Fixed Volume” if the amount
–
of standard
en enter the value in grams or mL
th
– Select “Variable Weight” or “Variable Volume” if the
am
o
–before each standardization cycle, enter the value in
grams or mL
aterial used as the standard.
ndard Concentration: Enter the concentration of the
emical used as the standard in M.
n, enter a volume of titrant to be added to the
t to be added during the titration as a safety feature to
eful” or “User Defined” to set the dynamical process
speed: Select the speed of the stirrer probe as “Ver
“Slow”, “Medium”, “Fast” or “Very Fast” to mix the
will be the same for repeated cycl
unt of standard will be different for repeated cycles
rior to the start of the titration to ensure mixing.
mM as the units displayed for the
r the stoichiometric
molecular weight of
on
t
es and
of
e
y
Step 3: Setup Titration
Parameters related to the titration are displayed and editable.
Not all parameters may be shown, depending on the titrator
model and previous parameter selections.
o
• The titrant information is shown in the first row for reference
only.
•Titration Technique: Select “Equivalence Point” or “Prese
Endp
oint” as the titration technique that will be used to
determine the sample concentration.
•Number of Endpoints: Select 1 or 2 equivalence points or
sele
ct 1, 2 or 3 preset endpoints.
•
point Values: If Preset Endpoint is selected, enter th
End
values
of the endpoints.
Disp
•
lay Units: If pH Equivalence Point is selected, select
the displayed units as “pH” o
•Titration Type: Select “Direct Titration” or “Back Titration”
as the
titration type that will be used to determine the
sample concentration
If Back Titration is selected, the following paramete
–
ll
will be shown, some dependent on
selections:
Reagent Reaction Ratio
•
• Titrant Reaction Ratio
• Reagent Amount
• Reagent Molecular Weight
• Reagent Puri
•
Reagent Weight
• Reagent Volume
• Reagent Concentration
• Blank Required (Fixed): Select “N
for the blank value entry method.
r “mV”.
evious parameter
pr
ty
ixed” or “Variable”
o”, “F
t
e
rs
14 | Operation Orion Star T900 Series Laboratory Titrator
Page 19
Result Units: Select the units from the list that will be used
•
f
or the sample concentration results
– F* Consumption mmol: Enter a value for the factor (no
units), factor value will be multiplied by the result millimole
s
• Reaction Ratio: Enter the stoichiometric reaction of the
sample to titrant, as moles sample divided by moles titrant.
•
Sample Molecular Weight: Enter the molecular weight of
th
e chemical used as the sample.
•
Sample Amount: Select the method the sample amount will
be
entered:
– Select “Fixed Weight” or “Fixed Volume” if the amount
of sample will be the same for repeated cycles and then
enter the value in grams or mL
– Select “Variable Weight” or “Variable Volume” if the
amount of sample
efore each titration cycle, enter the value in grams or
–b
mL
•
Sample Density: Enter the density of the chemical used as
th
e sample
• Pre-dose Titrant Volume: When the endpoint volume is well
kn
own, enter a volume of titrant to be added to the sample
before the titration begins to shorten titration time.
•
Max Total Titrant Volume: Enter the maximum amount of
titr
ant to be added during the titration as a safety featur
sto
p the analysis if the endpoint is not determined.
• Standardization Process Control: Select “Routine”, “Quick”,
“C
areful” or “User Defined” to set the dynamical proce
co
ntrols that adjust the titration to optimize analysis results.
•
Pre-stir Duration: Enter the time in seconds to stir the
solu
•
Stir speed: Select the speed of the stirrer probe as “Very
Slow
sol
ution thoroughly without causing a vortex, bubble
splashes.
• Sample ID: Select “None”, “Auto-Incremental” or “Manual”
fo
r the sample identification mode:
– For Auto-Incremental, enter up to 11 alphanumeric
characters and three number places will be added that
will automatically increase with each titration run,
beginning with 001
– For Manual, before each titration run enter the sample
ID
.
tion prior to the start of the titration to ensure mixing.
”, “Slow”, “Medium”, “Fast” or “Very Fast” to mix th
will be different for re
peated cycles
e to
ss
e
s or
Tap the Diagnostics button to access the factory reset option
for
the titrator.
Tap the Display button to access settings
brightness, instrument name, date and date format, time and
time format, language, temperature input and temperature
units.
Tap the Files and Info button to view the serial number, model
nu
mber and firmware revision for the titrator and to perform
an update on the titrator firmware.
Tap the Notifications button to access the Titration Cycle
Co
mplete, Maximum Titrant Volume, Data Log Full,
Calibration Due and Maintenance Due settings. Each setting
can be turned off or on. When a notification is on, an audible
beep is transmitted, with a popup warning as needed, when
the appropriate conditions are met.
•
Titration Cycle Complete – Audible beep when the titration
cyc
le is done.
•
Maximum Titrant Volume – Audible beep when the titration
m
aximum volume is reached.
•
Data Log Full – Audible beep and warning popup when any
o
f the available data logs (Titration, Titrant, Calibration an
Dir
ect Measure) are within 5% of being full.
•
Calibration due – Audible beep and warning popup when
the entered number of hours has elapsed without
ca
libration being performed for the selected electrode type.
• Maintenance Due - Audible beep and warning popup when
the
selected maintenance time interval of 1 month, 3
months, 6 months or 12 months has elapsed, designed as
general reminder for changing items such as the tubing
, burette or electrode.
valve
for the display
d
a
,
Logs
The Logs screen will display the active data logs: Titration
Log, Titrant Log, Calibration Log and Direct Measure Log.
Each data log will save up to 100 data sets and once full
oldest data set will be overwritten with the newest data set.
Data logs can be exported to a USB flash drive as a CSV or
ort (PDF) file in short or long format and send to the
Rep
compact printer (Cat. No. STARA-106) in short or long format.
, the
Methods
General Settings
The General Settings screen will display a list of titrator
settings for Diagnostics, Display, Files and Info and
Notifications.
Orion Star T900 Series Laboratory Titrator Operation | 15
The Methods screen will display a list of all available methods
followed by the “Create a New Method” button.
Page 20
Burette
The Burette screen will display burette setup and
maintenance items.
•
ette Size: Tap to select the burette size from the
Bur
opdown list of 10 mL, 20 mL or 50 mL.
dr
•
allation Data: Tap to enter the installation data of the
Inst
bur
ette, designed as general reminder for changing the
burette.
• Rinse
Cycles: Tap the decrease (-) or increase (+) icons to
chang
e the number of rinse cycles for the burette and then
press the “Rinse” button to start the rinse cycles.
A total of ten unique methods may be saved, edited, imported
xported.
or e
When a saved method is password protected, a Lock icon will
own in addition to the Edit icon to the right of the
be sh
method name
•Press an existing method to directly proceed to the PreCheck
screen of the titration using the selected method
•Press and hold an existing method to view a popup Quic
Vi
ew window with a summary of key method information,
then choose to cancel viewing, edit or use the method
•Press the "Edit" icon to the right of a saved method name
to ed
it the method including Edit Name and Password, Edit
Electrode, Edit Titrant, Edit Titration, Copy Method and
Delete Method
•Press the "Create New Method" button to create a ne
hod
met
ess the "Print" icon to prin
• Pr
When a USB flash drive that contains recognizable methods
is con
nected with the titrator, the titrator will detect the
presence of methods on the USB flash drive. Methods can be
imported from the Methods screen by pressing the “Import”
button.
t the saved methods
k
w
No
te: Place a
before starting the rinse cycles!
•
ense Volume: Tap the field below Dispense Volume to
Disp
ct “Continuous” or “Preset Value”.
sele
– For the Continuous setting, press and hold the
“Dispense” button to manually flush a desired amou
of
solution through the burette
– For the Preset Value setting, enter a volume of solution
an
d t
t volume through the burette
se
waste beaker under the dispenser probe
hen press the “Dispense” button to dispense th
Direct Measure
The Direct Measure screen will display a live electrode
reading, helpful for checking sample measurements before
performing a titration.
nt
e
When a USB flash drive is connected with the titrator,
me
hods can be exported to the connected USB drive by
t
pressing the “Export” button on the Methods screen –
exported methods can be saved as a backup or imported
onto another titrator.
16 | Operation Orion Star T900 Series Laboratory Titrator
Page 21
Frequently Asked Questions
What is titration?
Titration is an analytical technique which allows the
antitative determination of a specific substance (analyze)
qu
dissolved in a sample. It is based on a complete chemical
reaction between the analyte and a reagent (titrant) of known
concentration which is added to the sample:
Analyte (sample) + Titrant (Reagent) -> Reaction Products
The titrant is added until the analyte is either neutralized or
c
ompletely reacted. In order to be suitable for a
determination, the end of the titration reaction has to be
observable. This means that the reaction has to be monitored
(indicated) by appropriate techniques such as a sensor or by
color. The volume of the dispensed titrant is used in the
calculation of the analyte concentration based on the
stoichiometry of the chemical reaction. Titration reactions
ideally are fast, complete, unambiguous and observable. A
well-known example is the titration of acetic acid in vinegar
with sodium hydroxide.
Which types of chemical reactions are used in titration?
The most common assay reactions used in titration are the
followin
• Acid/Base reactions for example: Acid content in wine or
• Ion Selective reactions for example: Chloride content in
• Precipitation reactions for example: Salt content in snack
• Redox reactions for example: Copper, Chromium and/or
• Complexometric reactions for example: Total hardness of
•
What is the difference between preset endpoint and
e
The equivalence point is the exact point in a titration when
m
en
m
g:
milk or ketchup
sna
ck foods such as potato crisps/chips or ketchup
fo
ods such as potato crisps/chips or ketchup; Sulfate
content in mineral water; Sulfate content in electroplating
bath
Nickel content in electroplating baths
water (Mg and Ca); Calcium cont
Cement
Colloidal precipitation reaction for example: Anionic
surfactant content in detergents, washing powders or liquid
cleanser
quivalence point titration?
oles of one titrant equal the moles of the analyte. The preset
dpoint is the point where the system changes when the
oles of the reacting titrant exceed the moles of the analyte.
ent in Milk and Cheese or
Preset Endpoint titration mode (EP):
The preset endpoint mode represents the classical titration
pr
ocedure: the titrant is added until the end of the reaction is
observed, e.g., complete reaction of the analyte with titrant.
With an automated titrator, the sample is titrated until a
predefined value is reached, e.g. pH = 8.2.
Equivalence point titration mode (EQP):
The equivalence point, or stoichiometric point, of a chemical
r
eaction is the point at which chemically equivalent quantities
of titrant and analyte have been mixed.
What are the common sensor indication methods used
in titration?
Titrations can be classified according to the indication
inciples and the chemical reaction occurring:
pr
Potentiometry
The concentration-dependent potential (mV) of a solution
easured against a reference potential. Examples:
is m
Acid/Base (aqueous/non-aqueous), Ion Selective
Electrode (ISE), Redox, precipitation reactions.
Voltametry
The concentration-dependent potential of a solution (mV)
easured at a constant polarizing electric current.
is m
Example: Karl Fischer water determination.
What is an automated titrator?
Automated titrators are microprocessor-controlled
in
struments which allow the automation of all operations
involved in titration:
Orion Star T900 Series Laboratory Titrator Frequently Asked Questions | 17
Page 22
1. Calibration of electrode
2. Standardize the titrant
3. Titration Method Setup
4. Titration Run (Cycle)
a. Titrant addition
b. Monitoring of the reaction (Signal acquisition)
c. Recognition of the reaction progress
d. Data storage
e. Calculation
f. Results storage
g. Transfer of data to printer or computer/external
system
How does an automated titrator work?
Automated titrators follow a defined sequence of operations.
Th
is sequence is basically the same for all point of the titration
reaction is reached (titration cycle). The titration cycle consists
mainly of 4 steps:
1.
Titrant addition
2. Titration reaction
3. Signal acquisition
4. Evaluation
Each step has different specific parameters (e.g. increment
size)
which have to be defined according to the specific
titration method. Additional steps are included when running
complex applications. For example, pre-dose dispense
reagent to adjust pH value to a starting point, dispense of an
additional reagent for back titrations, and dilution of the
sample are a few examples. These steps and the
corresponding parameters are outlined in the titration
method.
How can I find out what the software version is of my
instrument?
At the home screen, press the "General Settings" icon. In the
ge
neral settings screen, tap the "Files and Info" button. The
serial number, model number and firmware revision for the
titrator will be displayed.
How should my electrode be stored?
In most cases the best storage m
contained in the reference system, as this will ensure no
electrolyte movement through the junction.
In the case of half cells, there are three main types in use. The
first
type of half-cells is for pH, where the best storage
medium is a pH 7 buffer. The second type of half-cell in
common use is the ion sensitive electrode (ISE). For shortterm storage most ISEs are stored in dilute (0.001M) solutions
of the ion to be measured. This ensures that the electrode is
edium is the electrolyte
always ready for use. For long-term storage most ISEs are
stored dry. The third half-cell type is the double junction (or
single junction) reference electrode. This electrode should be
stored in bridging electrolyte for short-term storage and
should be emptied and stored dry for the long term.
How often do I need to standardize my titrant?
This depends on the stability of the titrant and storage
co
nditions. The most common include the storage of light
sensitive titrants in dark bottles e.g. iodine solutions; the
protection of Karl Fischer titrants from moisture using e.g.
molecular sieve or silica gel, and the protection of certain
strong bases e.g. sodium hydroxide, from absorption of
carbon dioxide.
How often should I calibrate my electrode?
This depends on the samples that are being measured with
t
he electrode, but as a general rule the electrode should be
calibrated at least once per day.
Why is temperature compensation important in pH
me
asurements?
When measuring the pH of a solution there are 3 main
emperature effects that should be considered.
t
The first is the slope of the pH electrode calibration curve
n by the Nernst equation is temperature dependent.
give
Provided the temperature of the buffers is taken into account
during calibration, any difference between this temperature
and that of the actual samples being measured can be
mathematically compensated for. With most modern pH
meters and titrators this can be done automatically.
A second effect involves real changes in pH of a sample with
tem
perature. For e.g., a weak acid that only partly dissociates
in solution. The higher the temperature of the solution, the
greater will be the degree of dissociation of the acid, and
therefore the lower the pH will be. This effect is sample
dependent and cannot be compensated with any pH meter or
titrator.
The third effect relates to the second but involves the
ca
libration with the pH buffers. As pH buffers are often made
up of acids and bases, their pH is also temperature
dependent. In order that a pH meter or titrator can be
calibrated correctly, it is necessary for the instrument to
"know" the temperature of the buffer.
Why are my results half or do
There are two main possibilities.
Confirm the burette size has been correctly defined; e.g.,
ator has been told that there is a 10 mL burette in use when
titr
in fact the burette is a 20 mL burette. In this case the results
will be half of those expected.
uble those expected?
18 | Frequently Asked Questions Orion Star T900 Series Laboratory Titrator
Page 23
Confirm the reaction ration equivalent number or valency is
correct. Make sure that you are titrating to the correct
equivalence point.
Why is my equivalence point titration result different
from my manual color titration?
This discrepancy in results is primarily noticeable when
performing acid/base titrations using one of the pH color
indicators. The pH indicators change color over a pH
rather than at a fixed value. The actual point at which the color
change occurs is very much sample dependent and may not
coincide with the chemical equivalence point. This can result
in a small discrepancy. Recommendation is to standardize the
titrant.
The second reason for this difference is primarily one of the
sensitivity of the human eye to color change. While a color
change may have already started to occur, the human eye
has still not detected any change. In the typical acid/base
titration using potentiometric indication with a pH sensor, the
sharp change in signal occurs at the first instance of excess
acid (or base).
What electrode should I use for non-aqueous titrations?
range
Generally there are three main electrode problems when
performing a non-aqueous titration.
The first is the problem of having an aqueous electrolyte with
a non-aqueous solvent. Replacing the electrolyte in the
electrode easily solves this.
The second problem relates to the fact that the sample is
non-conductive, resulting in a poor electrical circuit between
measuring and reference half-cells or parts of the electrode if
combined. This results in a noisy signal, particularly when
using a sensor with a standard ceramic junction in the
reference.
The third problem is associated with handling of the sensor. In
order for a glass (pH) sensor to function correctly, it is
necessary that the glass membrane (bulb of electrode) be
hydrated. This is achieved by conditioning the electrode in
deionized water.
During the non-aqueous titration this membrane is gradually
dehydrated reducing the response of the electrode. To
prevent this or rectify this problem the electrode should be
regularly reconditioned by soaking in water.
Orion Star T900 Series Laboratory Titrator Frequently Asked Questions | 19
Page 24
Maintenance and Customer Service
Maintenance Schedule
• Conduct a thorough inspection of the titrator and perform
any necessary maintenance every 3 months for normal
operation. For strong acids, strong bases or other
aggressive titrants, increase the inspection and
maintenance frequency as needed.
•Inspect for cleanliness and tight seal of the burette piston
t whether moisture has penetrated below the piston.
ec
Insp
If any damage or leaking is noticed, replace the burette.
Pay special attention to the edges of the glass and inspect
for chips or other damage.
•Inspect for cleanliness of the connections and the seals o
ubing are securely fastened. Check for damage to the
the t
fittings and the tubing, including the tubing flare at the
ends, which is required to be complete and uniform in order
to maintain a seal. Tubing should be replaced as needed,
typically every 3 months.
•Inspect for cleanliness of the dispenser, especially at the
p, make sure there is no particle blockage, no leaks at the
i
t
tubing connections and no leaks at the dispenser tip. If
damage or contamination is found, replace the effected
component. Dispenser probe should be replaced as
needed, typically every 12 months.
Insp
•
ect for visible damage or contamination of the electrical
ections.
nn
co
•Wipe off spills of chemicals to avoid discoloration
damage to the case.
•The titrator must be kept dry. Liquid must not penetrate
into th
e interior of the instrument.
•The solenoid valve should last the life of the titrator;
ho
wever, it may become clogged or damaged if proper
maintenance is not performed on the titrator - in the event
of failure, a valve replacement kit is available.
•Store and maintain electrodes per the manufacturer'
instructions.
or
s
1. Complete these steps with Deionized Water to ensur
bur
ette is stored clean for next use.
2. Replace reagent with deionized water.
3. Rinse burette 5 cycles.
4. Remove deionized water.
5. Run 3 additional cycles to flush the remaining water.
.
6. Remove the burette tube from the burette cap.
Gently grasp the burette cover, loosen and remove the
7.
by turning it to the left, about 4 to 6 turns.
cover
8. Gently grasp the glass burette and pull up slightly to
the burette piston drive shaft. Then move the
f
extend
burette forward to disengage the connection. The burette
can be stored in it's included protective storage box.
Figure 9. Removal of Burette from the Unit
e
Titrator and Burette Storage
For short term and long term storage, the Titrator Burette
should be flushed with the following procedure:
20 | Maintenance and Customer Service Orion Star T900 Series Laboratory Titrator
Page 25
Ordering Information
Cat.No. Description
START9100
START9101
START9102
START9200
START9201
START9300
START9301
START9302
Orion Star T910 pH titrator, includes 20 mL burette, stirrer probe, dispenser probe, standard tubing kit, 1 L plastic bottle,
GL38 bottle cap with desiccant tube, computer cable, literature on USB drive, 110-240 V power supplies
Orion Star T910 pH titrator standard ROSS kit, includes 8102BNUWP ROSS Ultra pH electrode, 927007MD ATC probe,
20 mL burette, stirrer probe, dispenser probe, standard tubing kit, 1 L plastic bottle, GL38 bottle cap with desiccant tube,
computer cable, literature on USB drive, 110-240 V power supplies
Orion Star T910 pH titrator Sure-Flow ROSS kit, includes 8172BNWP ROSS Sure-Flow pH electrode, 927007MD ATC
probe, 20 mL burette, stirrer probe, dispenser probe, standard tubing kit, 1 L plastic bottle, GL38 bottle cap with
desiccant tube, computer cable, literature on USB drive, 110-240 V power supplies
Orion Star T920 redox titrator, includes 20 mL burette, stirrer probe, dispenser probe, standard tubing kit, 1 L plastic
bottle, GL38 bottle cap with desiccant tube, computer cable, literature on USB drive, 110-240 V power supplies
Orion Star T920 redox titrator standard kit, includes 9778BNWP glass-body redox electrode, 20 mL burette, stirrer probe,
dispenser probe, standard tubing kit, 1 L plastic bottle, GL38 bottle cap with desiccant tube, computer cable, literature on
USB drive, 110-240 V power supplies
Orion Star T930 ion titrator, includes 20 mL burette, stirrer probe, dispenser probe, standard tubing kit, 1 L plastic bottle,
GL38 bottle cap with desiccant tube, computer cable, literature on USB drive, 110-240 V power supplies
Orion Star T930 ion titrator salt kit, includes 9780SC silver billet electrode, 91CBNC electrode cable, 20 mL burette, stirrer
probe, dispenser probe, standard tubing kit, 1 L plastic bottle, GL38 bottle cap with desiccant tube, computer cable,
literature on USB drive, 110-240 V power supplies
Orion Star T930 ion titrator chloride kit, includes 9616BNWP silver/sulfide electrode, 20 mL burette, stirrer probe,
dispenser probe, standard tubing kit, 1 L plastic bottle, GL38 bottle cap with desiccant tube, computer cable, literature on
USB drive, 110-240 V power supplies
START9303
START9304
START9305
START9306
START9400
START9401
START9402
Orion Star T930 ion titrator sodium kit, includes 8611BNWP ROSS sodium electrode, 20 mL burette, stirrer probe,
dispenser probe, standard tubing kit, 1 L plastic bottle, GL38 bottle cap with desiccant tube, computer cable, literature on
USB drive, 110-240 V power supplies
Orion Star T930 ion titrator ammonia kit, includes 9512HPBNWP high performance ammonia electrode, 20 mL burette,
stirrer probe, dispenser probe, standard tubing kit, 1 L plastic bottle, GL38 bottle cap with desiccant tube, computer
cable, literature on USB drive, 110-240 V power supplies
Orion Star T930 ion titrator surfactant kit, includes 9342BN surfactant electrode, 900200 reference electrode, 20 mL
burette, stirrer probe, dispenser probe, standard tubing kit, 1 L plastic bottle, GL38 bottle cap with desiccant tube,
computer cable, literature on USB drive, 110-240 V power supplies
Orion Star T930 ion titrator hardness kit, includes 9629BNWP cupric electrode, 20 mL burette, stirrer probe, dispenser
probe, standard tubing kit, 1 L plastic bottle, GL38 bottle cap with desiccant tube, computer cable, literature on USB
drive, 110-240 V power supplies
Orion Star T940 all-in-one titrator, includes 20 mL burette, stirrer probe, dispenser probe, standard tubing kit, 1 L plastic
bottle, GL38 bottle cap with desiccant tube, computer cable, literature on USB drive, 110-240 V power supplies
Orion Star T940 all-in-one standard ROSS kit, includes 8102BNUWP ROSS Ultra pH electrode, 927007MD ATC probe,
20 mL burette, stirrer probe, dispenser probe, standard tubing kit, 1 L plastic bottle, GL38 bottle cap with desiccant tube,
computer cable, literature on USB drive, 110-240 V power supplies
Orion Star T940 all-in-one Sure-Flow ROSS kit, includes 8172BNWP ROSS Sure-Flow pH electrode, 927007MD ATC
probe, 20 mL burette, stirrer probe, dispenser probe, standard tubing kit, 1 L plastic bottle, GL38 bottle cap with
desiccant tube, computer cable, literature on USB drive, 110-240 V power supplies
Orion Star T900 Series Laboratory Titrator Ordering Information | 21
Page 26
Accessories and Replacement Parts
Cat.No. Description
STARA-106 Orion Compact Ink Ribbon Printer, 100-240 V
START-PC1 Orion Star T900 series computer software for data transfer
START-B10 Orion Star T900 series 10 mL burette
START-B20 Orion Star T900 series 20 mL burette
START-B50 Orion Star T900 series 50 mL burette
START-TB1 Orion Star T900 series standard tubing kit, one each of burette tubing, reagent bottle tubing and dispenser tubing
START-TB2
START-TB4 Orion Star T900 series burette tubing
START-TB5 Orion Star T900 series reagent bottle tubing
START-TB6 Orion Star T900 series dispenser tubing
START-BT1 Orion Star T900 series 1 L plastic bottle
START-BT2 Orion Star T900 series 1 L glass amber bottle
START-BT3 Orion Star T900 series 1 L plastic bottles, 12 pack
START-BT4 Orion Star T900 series 1 L glass amber bottles, 12 pack
START-CP1 Orion Star T900 series GL38 reagent bottle cap
START-CP2 Orion Star T900 series GL45 reagent bottle
START-CP3 Orion Star T900 series Orion pint bottle cap
START-DS1 Orion Star T900 series dispenser probecap
START-DVK Orion Star T900 series dispense verification kit
START-B00 Orion Star T900 series burette cover
Orion Star T900 series light blocking tubing kit, one each of burette tubing, reagent bottle tubing and dispenser tubing with
light blocking opacity
START-BT0 Orion Star T900 series reagent bottle holder
START-EH1 Orion Star T900 series electrode holder assembly
START-EH2 Orion Star T900 series stopper for electrode holder
START-EH3 Orion Star T900 series cable management accessory
START-PS1 Orion Star T900 series 110 V US/Japan power supply
START-PS2 Orion Star T900 series 220 V Euro power supply
START-PS3 Orion Star T900 series 240 V UK/Singapore power supply
START-PS4 Orion Star T900 series 230 V Australia/New Zealand power supply
START-PS5 Orion Star T900 series 220 V China power supply
START-TB3 Orion Star T900 series drying tube
22 | Ordering Information Orion Star T900 Series Laboratory Titrator
Page 27
Cat.No. Description
START-UM1 Orion Star T900 series user manual on USB flash drive
START-USB Orion Star T900 series USB computer cable
START-VK1 Orion Star T900 series valve replacement kit
Orion Star T900 Series Laboratory Titrator Ordering Information | 23
Page 28
Specifications
Titration Technique
Incremental Technique
Equivalence Points
Preset Endpoints
MKA Points
Titration Types
Blank Options
Cycles Per Titration Run
Titrant Determination
Titration Process Control
Titration Precision
Stirrer Probe Speeds
Sample ID
Titration Setup Wizard
Orion Star T910 pH
Titrator
- - Multiple Known Addition (MKA)
- - Upto 5
Up to 5 cycles with option to exclude cycles from average results and RSD calculations
Orion Star T920
Redox Titrator
Equivalence point or preset endpoint
Direct or back titration
Fixed value or variable value using titration
Standardization titration or manual concentration input
Routine, quick, careful or user defined
±0.5% RSD, dependent on environment and handling conditions
5 selectable speeds, 250 to 3700 RPM
Auto-incremental, manual or off
Yes, using Start a New Titration workflow
Orion Star T930
Ion Titrator
1 or 2
1, 2 or 3
Orion Star T940
All-in-One Titrator
Methods
Methods Transfer
Data Logs
Data Log Export
Time and Date
Direct Measure Mode
pH Range
pH Resolution
pH Relative Accuracy
mV Range
mV Resolution
mV Relative Accuracy
ISE Range
Up to 10 customizable methods with optional password protection
Import/export via USB flash drive, summary to computer software or compact printer
Sample titration, titrant standardization, calibration, direct measure – 100 data sets each
CSV or Report (PDF) file, short or long format
Yes, with nonvolatile battery backup
pH Redox Ion concentration pH, redox, ion
concentration
-2.000 to 20.000 pH - - -2.000 to 20.000 pH
0.001, 0.01, 0.1
(user selectable)
±0.002 pH ±0.002 pH
-2000.0 to +2000.0
mV
0.1 mV 0.1 mV 0.1 mV 0.1 mV
±0.2 mV ±0.2 mV ±0.2 mV ±0.2 mV
- - 0.0001 to 19990 0.0001 to 19990
-2000.0 to +2000.0
mV
-2000.0 to +2000.0
mV
0.001, 0.01, 0.1 (user
selectable)
-2000.0 to +2000.0 mV
24 | Specifications Orion Star T900 Series Laboratory Titrator
Page 29
ISE Resolution
ISE Relative Accuracy
Temperature Range
Temperature Resolution
Orion Star T910 pH
Titrator
- - 0.0001 minimum,
- - ±0.2 mV or ±0.05%
-5.0 to 100.0 °C;
23.0 to 212 °F
0.1 °C; 0.1 °F 0.1 °C; 0.1 °F 0.1 °C; 0.1 °F 0.1 °C; 0.1 °F
Orion Star T920
Redox Titrator
-5.0 to 100.0 °C;
23.0 to 212 °F
Orion Star T930
Ion Titrator
1 to 4 significant
digits (user
selectable)
of reading,
whichever is greater
-5.0 to 100.0 °C;
23.0 to 212 °F
Orion Star T940
All-in-One Titrator
0.0001 minimum, 1 to 4
significant digits (user
selectable)
±0.2 mV or ±0.05% of
reading, whichever is
greater
-5.0 to 100.0 °C;
23.0 to 212 °F
Temperature Relative
Accuracy
Calibration Modes
Temperature Input
Display Type
Display Backlight
Languages
Titrator Setup Wizard
Audible Notifications
Updateable Firmware
Burette Sizes
Burette Resolution
Burette Dosing Accuracy
Burette Functions
±0.2 °C ±0.2 °C ±0.2 °C ±0.2 °C
1 to 5 point pH 1 point relative mV 1 to 5 point ISE 1 to 5 point pH, 1 point
relative mV, 1 to 5 point ISE
Manual or automatic with optional 1 point ATC probe offset calibration
5.7” color capacitive touchscreen, 640 x 480 resolution, with lab glove compatibility
Yes, with adjustable brightness
Chinese, English, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, Spanish
Yes
Titration Cycle Complete, Maximum Titrant Volume, Data Log Full, Calibration Due, Maintenance
Reminder
Yes, using USB flash drive
10 mL, 20 mL (included), 50 mL
Advanced micro-step technology provides 25,600 micro-steps per motor revolution for smooth and
precise burette positioning (2 million micro-steps over full burette stroke range)
Meets ISO8655-3 requirements
Automatic rinse cycles for flushing and discrete dispense volume with continuous option
Certifications
Dimensions
Weight
Power Requirements
Warranty
CE, cTUVus, KC, NOM, RCM, Kvalitet, FCC, EN/EIC61326-1, IEC 61010, IP-51
10” x 16” x 14” (L x W x H); 25.4 x 40.6 x 35.6 cm (L x W x H)
12.5 lbs; 5.67 kg
100 to 240 V, 50/60 Hz
1 year
Orion Star T900 Series Laboratory Titrator Specifications | 25
Page 30
Customer Services
Warranty Information
Thermo Fisher Scientific warrants to the original purchaser of
any new merchandise that all items will be free of defects in
material and workmanship for the periods set forth below,
when used under specified and normal operating conditions,
in accordance with the operating limitation and procedures
given in the instruction manuals, and when not subjected to
accident, alteration, abuse or misuse of Thermo Fisher
Scientific’s products in unspecified applications, for
unauthorized procedures, or with third-party products may
void the warranty.
Thermo Scientific Orion Star T900 series titrators are
warranted as follows:
Orion Star T900 series titrators are warrantied for a period of
one (1) year from the date of purchase. This warranty covers
the instrument (including display, touchscreen, connections,
boards) and integrated dispensing components (including
burette drive assembly, valve assembly, burette). All
consumable parts (including tubing, dispensing probe,
reagent bottle cap) in contact with the sample are warrantied
for a period of ninety (90) days from the date of purchase.
Sample must be chemically compatible with the product. If
parts are not compatible or if a question exists regarding
compatibility, notify the factory before placing the product in
service to maintain the warranty
THE WARRANTIES DESCRIBED ABOVE ARE EXCLUSIVE
AND IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES WHETHER
STATUTORY, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. ALL OTHER
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE, AND ALL OTHER WARRANTIES
ARISING FROM COURSE OF DEALING OR USAGE OF
TRADE, EXCEPT TITLE, ARE HEREBY OVERRIDDEN AND
EXCLUDED. NO LIABILITY SHALL ATTACH TO THERMO
SCIENTIFIC EITHER IN CONTRACT OR IN TORT, FOR ANY
PERSONAL INJURY, DEATH, DAMAGE TO PROPERTY,
LOSS OF PROFITS, DAMAGES, COSTS, CHARGES,
LIABILITIES OR EXPENSES, WHETHER DIRECT OR
INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL OR OTHERWISE, WHICH
ARISE OUT OF OR IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE SALE OR
USE OF THIS PRODUCT.
For the most current warranty information, visit
www.thermofisher.com/water
Warranty Shipments/ Returns/Adjustments
A warranty claim must be made promptly and must be
received during the applicable warranty period by Thermo
Fisher Scientific or your authorized Thermo Fisher Scientific
distributor. If it becomes necessary to return a product for
repair and/or adjustment, prior authorization from Thermo
Fisher Scientific or your Thermo Fisher Scientific- authorized
distributor must be obtained. Instructions as to how and
where these products should be shipped will be provided by
Thermo Scientific or your Thermo Scientific-authorized
distributor.
Any product or component returned for examination and/or
warranty repair shall be sent to Thermo Fisher Scientific in
MA, or any of their authorized representatives. All items must
be returned at the customer’s cost (freight prepaid), quoting a
return authorization number that is available from the Service
department. All products or components repaired or replaced
under warranty will be returned to the customer at Thermo
Fisher Scientific’s cost using UPS (United Parcel Service) or an
equivalent service.
In all cases, Thermo Fisher Scientific or your Thermo Fisher
Scientific-authorized distributor has sole responsibility for
determining the cause and nature of failure, and Thermo
Fisher Scientific’s or the distributor’s determination with regard
thereto shall be final.
All parts that are replaced under warranty will become the
property of Thermo Fisher Scientific.
The customer’s sole and exclusive remedy is the return of
defective components or sub assemblies to Thermo Fisher
Scientific for repair or replacement or, at Thermo Fisher
Scientific’s option, refund of the purchase price.
26 | Customer Services Orion Star T900 Series Laboratory Titrator
Page 31
Replacement Parts
Replacement parts can be ordered from Thermo Fisher
Scientific or your Thermo Fisher Scientific-authorized
distributor. Use only Thermo Fisher Scientific products or
Thermo Fisher Scientific-approved products. Thermo Fisher
Scientific shall not be liable for damage to or malfunction of
the system, which it deems was caused by the use of
unauthorized materials.
Assistance
For any questions or if you require assistance, contact our
Technical Support Specialists:
Korea EMC Warning
Warning Statement
EMC Registration is done on this equipment for business use
ly
. It may cause interference when the product would be
on
used in home.
This warning statement applies a product for business use.
•
•Within the United States, call 1-800-225-1480
•
For additional product information, contact your local
autho
representative or contact us using the WLP information on the
page back of this user manual.
Visit www.thermofisher.com to
products and download product literature, user manuals and
manuals, software updates, and additional application and
technical resources.
WLP.techsupport@thermofisher.com
Email
Outside
the United States,
rized dealer, Thermo Scientific Orion technical sales
ll +1-978-232-6000
ca
view Thermo Scientific Orion
Regulatory Statements
FCC USA
“This equipment has been tested and found to comply with
its for a Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of
the lim
the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide
reasonable protection against harmful interference when the
equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This
equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency
energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the
instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio
communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential
area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the
user will be required to correct the interference at his own
expense.”
Industry Canada
“This ISM device complies with Canadian ICES-001. Cet
ap
pa
reil ISM est conforme à la norme NMB-001 du Canada
Orion Star T900 Series Laboratory Titrator Customer Services | 27
Page 32
Water Analysis Instruments
North America
Toll Free: 1-800-225-1480
Tel: 1-978-232-6000
info.water@thermofisher.com
Germany
Tel: (49) 6184-90-6000
info.water.uk@thermofisher.com
China
Tel: (86) 21-68654588
wai.asia@thermofisher.com
Find out more at thermofisher.com/water
India
Tel: (91) 22-4157-8800
wai.asia@thermofisher.com
Singapore
Tel: (65) 6778-6876
wai.asia@thermofisher.com
Japan
Tel: (81) 045-453-9175
wai.asia@thermofisher.com
Australia
Tel: (613) 9757-4300
In Australia: (1300) 735-295
InfoWaterAu@thermofisher.com
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