DCT6088
Dedicated Transit Time Flowmeter
User Guide
P/N 1-0561-006
Revision J
Part of Thermo Fisher Scientific
DCT6088
Dedicated Transit Time Flowmeter
User Guide
P/N 1-0561-006
Revision J
©2017 Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. All rights reserved.
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Revision History
Revision Level Date Comments
B 05-2003 Revised per ECO 3912.
C 03-2005 Revised per ECO 4760.
D 02-2006 Revised per ECO 5077.
E 05-2007 Revised per ECO 5601.
F 06-2007 Revised per ECO 5739.
G 11-2007 Revised per ECO 6016.
H 06-2011 Revised per ECO 7752.
J Revised per ECO 9242.
07-2017
Thermo Fisher Scientific DCT6088 User Guide v
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Contents
Safety Information & Guidelines ..................................................................... xi
Safety Considerations.............................................................................xi
Warnings, Cautions, & Notes...............................................................xii
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Product Overview ............................................................................................. 1-1
Introduction........................................................................................ 1-1
Theory of Operation ........................................................................... 1-1
Transit Time Accuracy........................................................................ 1-2
Ordering Information ......................................................................... 1-3
Specifications ...................................................................................... 1-4
External Features................................................................................. 1-5
System Installation...........................................................................................2-1
Enclosure Mounting ........................................................................... 2-1
Direct Mount Method ..................................................................... 2-1
Mounting Ears Method.................................................................... 2-1
Transducer Installation ....................................................................... 2-2
Site Selection & Preparation ............................................................ 2-2
Spacing & Mounting the Transducers................................................. 2-4
Transducer Mounting Methods .......................................................... 2-7
V Method ........................................................................................ 2-7
W Method ....................................................................................... 2-7
Z Method ........................................................................................ 2-8
WV and WW Methods.................................................................. 2-12
Small Pipe Applications..................................................................... 2-13
Chapter 3
Thermo Fisher Scientific DCT6088 User Guide vii
Wiring.................................................................................................................. 3-1
Cable Routing..................................................................................... 3-1
Power Connections ............................................................................. 3-2
120 Vac Operation........................................................................... 3-3
Single Phase 240 Vac Operation ...................................................... 3-3
Double Phase 240 Vac Operation .................................................... 3-3
12 to 24 Vdc Operation................................................................... 3-3
The Current Loop............................................................................... 3-4
Relay Terminals .................................................................................. 3-5
Communications Terminal Block ....................................................... 3-6
Transducer Wiring.............................................................................. 3-6
Contents
Chapter 4
Operating & Configuring the Flowmeter ......................................................4-1
The Keypad & Display ....................................................................... 4-1
Adjusting the Contrast ..................................................................... 4-1
Flowmeter Configuration.................................................................... 4-2
Direct Menu Access ......................................................................... 4-2
Using the Arrow Keys to Access Menus............................................ 4-5
Quick Setup Configuration................................................................. 4-6
Chapter 5 Primary Displays & Menus..............................................................................5-1
Primary Displays ................................................................................. 5-1
Flow/Net Totalizer........................................................................... 5-1
Flow/Velocity................................................................................... 5-1
Flow/Positive Totalizer..................................................................... 5-1
Flow/Negative Totalizer................................................................... 5-2
Signal Strength/Low Signal Cutoff................................................... 5-2
The Pipe Menu ................................................................................... 5-2
The Liner Menu.................................................................................. 5-3
The Fluid Menu.................................................................................. 5-4
The Flow Menu .................................................................................. 5-5
The Total Menu ................................................................................. 5-7
Options Menu .................................................................................... 5-9
The Calibration Menu ...................................................................... 5-13
Zero Set Calibration....................................................................... 5-13
Scale Factor Calibration ................................................................. 5-16
Sound Speed Compensation .......................................................... 5-17
Date and Time............................................................................... 5-17
The 4 –20 mA Menu ........................................................................ 5-18
The Relays Menus............................................................................. 5-20
Programming ................................................................................. 5-20
Viewing Relays............................................................................... 5-24
Testing Relays ................................................................................ 5-24
The Data Log Menu ......................................................................... 5-25
The Diagnostics Menu...................................................................... 5-26
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
viii DCT6088 User Guide Thermo Fisher Scientific
Emergency Override & Master Erase............................................................6-1
Emergency Overrides .......................................................................... 6-1
Performing a Master Erase .................................................................. 6-1
Maintenance & Troubleshooting ...................................................................7-1
Replacing the Fuse .............................................................................. 7-1
Replacing the Current Loop Module................................................... 7-2
Replacing Sonic Coupling Compound................................................ 7-3
Software Upgrades .............................................................................. 7-4
General Troubleshooting .................................................................... 7-4
Contact Information ........................................................................... 7-5
Contents
Warranty............................................................................................. 7-6
Chapter 8 Hazardous Area Installation........................................................................... 8-1
General ............................................................................................... 8-1
North American Certification ............................................................. 8-1
European Certification........................................................................ 8-4
North American Hazardous Area Installation Definitions ................... 8-6
European Hazardous Area Installation Definitions.............................. 8-7
European Safety Requirements ........................................................... 8-7
Appendix A
Appendix B
Appendix C
Appendix D
Pipe Schedules................................................................................................. A-1
Fluid Properties................................................................................................ B-1
Fluid Sound Speeds & Kinematic Viscosities ......................................B-1
Clean Water Sound Speed Versus Temperature ................................ B-15
Relationship Between Specific Gravity, Viscosity, & Sound Velocity
for Petroleum Products ...................................................................B-16
Monitoring & Downloading Data Logs Using D-Link ................................C-1
Purpose .............................................................................................. C-1
Installing D-Link ............................................................................... C-1
Establishing Communications with a Flowmeter................................ C-1
Monitoring Data Logs........................................................................ C-2
Saving & Loading Data Logs ............................................................. C-3
Toxic & Hazardous Substances Tables....................................................... D-1
Thermo Fisher Scientific DCT6088 User Guide ix
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Safety Information & Guidelines
This section contains information that must be read and understood by all
persons installing, using, or maintaining this equipment.
Safety
Considerations
Failure to follow appropriate safety procedures or inappropriate use of the
equipment described in this manual can lead to equipment damage or
injury to personnel.
Any person working with or on the equipment described in this manual is
required to evaluate all functions and operations for potential safety hazards
before commencing work. Appropriate precautions must be taken as
necessary to prevent potential damage to equipment or injury to personnel.
The information in this manual is designed to aid personnel to correctly
and safely install, operate, and/or maintain the system described; however,
personnel are still responsible for considering all actions and procedures for
potential hazards or conditions that may not have been anticipated in the
written procedures. If a procedure cannot be performed safely, it must not
be performed until appropriate actions can be taken to ensure the safety
of the equipment and personnel. The procedures in this manual are not
designed to replace or supersede required or common sense safety practices.
All safety warnings listed in any documentation applicable to equipment
and parts used in or with the system described in this manual must be read
and understood prior to working on or with any part of the system.
Failure to correctly perform the instructions and procedures in this
manual or other documents pertaining to this system can result in
equipment malfunction, equipment damage, and/or injury to personnel.
Thermo Fisher Scientific DCT6088 User Guide xi
Safety Information & Guidelines
W
Warnings, Cautions, & Notes
arnings,
arnings,
Cautions, &
Cautions, &
Notes
Notes
The following admonitions are used throughout this manual to alert users
to potential hazards or important information. Failure to heed the
warnings and cautions in this manual can lead to injury or equipment
damage.
Warning Warnings notify users of procedures, practices, conditions, etc.
which may result in injury or death if not carefully observed or followed. ▲
Caution Cautions notify users of operating procedures, practices,
conditions, etc. which may result in equipment damage if not carefully
observed or followed. ▲
Note Notes emphasize important or essential information or a statement of
company policy regarding an operating procedure, practice, condition,
etc. ▲
xii DCT6088 User Guide Thermo Fisher Scientific
Chapter 1
Product Overview
Introduction
Theory of
Operation
The Thermo Scientific DCT6088 dedicated transit time flowmeter is a
microprocessor-based instrument that measures the flow of clean,
homogeneous liquids (liquids without large concentrations of suspended
particles or gasses such as air bubbles). The flowmeter is non-invasive,
which means that it measures flow from outside the pipe. The transducers
can be mounted to a pipe within a matter of minutes, and flow
measurements may be made without interrupting the flow or modifying
pipe work. The instrument can be configured using an integral keypad for
entering variables such as pipe size, pipe material, wall thickness, and fluid
type.
Sound waves travel in fluids at a specific velocity depending on the type of
fluid. If the fluid is moving, the sound wave travels at a velocity equal to
the sum of the speed of sound in the fluid and the velocity of the fluid itself
relative to the transducer. A sound wave traveling in the same direction as
the fluid flow (downstream) will arrive sooner than a sound wave traveling
against the flow (upstream). A transit time flowmeter operates by
measuring both the absolute travel time of each sound wave and the
difference in time required for the waves to travel between externally
mounted downstream and upstream transducers (refer to Figure 1–1).
Based on the transit time of the two sound waves, the flowmeter calculates
the average fluid velocity.
Thermo Fisher Scientific DCT6088 User Guide 1-1
Figure 1–1. Typical transit time system
Product Overview
Transit Time Accuracy
Once the differential transit time is calculated, several additional variables
must be taken into consideration. The overall velocity of the fluid is
comprised of many individual local velocities that vary according to their
distance from the pipe wall. The velocities in the center of the pipe are
higher than the velocities near the pipe wall. The combination of these
individual velocities for a specific type of fluid within a specific pipe yield a
velocity distribution known as the flow profile, which is a function of the
Reynolds number (see Figure 1–2). By properly configuring the flowmeter,
the effects of the flow profile are taken into consideration when calculating
the mean fluid velocity. The flowmeter then multiplies this velocity by the
pipe’s cross-sectional area to obtain volumetric flow.
Transit Time
Accuracy
Figure 1–2. Flow profiles
Non-invasive ultrasonic measurements are subject to a variety of effects that
can influence measurement accuracy. All ultrasonic instruments are velocity
measuring devices and only infer volumetric flow from the operatorentered parameter of pipe inside diameter (ID). When this value is squared
to get cross-sectional area, a 1% error yields a 2% error in volumetric flow.
In practice, commercially fabricated pipe seldom has ID consistency much
tighter than 1%, and unless the pipe to be measured has been accurately
measured, this uncertainty is not reducible through instrument calibration.
The more sophisticated transit time flowmeters incorporate flow profile
corrections to compensate for the pipe’s cross-sectional velocity profile with
a changing Reynolds number. However, this requires the operator to know
the inside roughness of the pipe to be measured. The instrument may infer
a roughness if none is entered by the operator, but that is only an estimate
based on the characteristics of new pipe. Pipes can accumulate deposits that
may reduce the ID and affect the roughness as well. Errors on the order of
2% as a result of this phenomenon are not uncommon.
While other factors may influence instrument accuracy to a lesser extent,
the issues described above are the major elements of pipe dependency upon
absolute instrument accuracy. While calibration on a reference flow loop
under known conditions is a useful exercise to determine the accuracy
potential of an instrument, it is not a guarantee of absolute accuracy on
different pipes under field conditions.
1-2 DCT6088 User Guide Thermo Fisher Scientific
Product Overview
Ordering Information
Ordering
Information
The table below provides ordering information for the flowmeter.
1–1.
Table
Code Model
DCT6088 Thermo Scientific DCT6088 dedicated digital correlation transit time flowmeter
Code Power Supply
1 90 to 132 Vac, 50/60 Hz
2 190 to 250 Vac, 50/60 Hz
3 12 to 24 Vdc nominal
Code Output
1 For non-hazardous area use only: One relay, 5 amp, SPDT fully programmable
2 For non-hazardous area use only: Two relays, 5 amp, SPDT fully programmable
3 For non-hazardous area use only: Three relays, 5 amp, SPDT fully programmable
4 For non-hazardous area use only: Four relays, 5 amp, SPDT fully programmable
5 For hazardous area use: One relay, 5 amp, SPDT fully programmable
6 For hazardous area use: Two relays, 5 amp, SPDT fully programmable
7 For hazardous area use: Three relays, 5 amp, SPDT fully programmable
8 For hazardous area use: Four relays, 5 amp, SPDT fully programmable
Code Transmitter Enclosure
1 NEMA 4X
2 NEMA 7
Code Transducer Type (set of two)
S Standard cable (100°C/212°F maximum)
H High temperature cable (200°C/392°F maximum)
Code Transducer Cable (set of two)
030 30 ft (9 m) cable length
XXX Optional standard cable lengths: 50 ft, 75 ft, 100 ft, 150 ft, 200 ft, 300 ft
XXX Optional high temperature cable lengths: 50 ft, 100 ft, 150 ft, 200 ft
Code Transducer Hazardous Area Certification
A Non-hazardous
B CSA: Class I, Div. 2 Groups A, B, C, D or Class II, Div. 2 Groups E, F, G (available
with standard transducer configuration only)
C Barriers to use transducer in CSA Class I, Div. 1 Groups C, D or Class II, Div 1
Groups E, F, G (available with standard transducer configuration only)
Thermo Fisher Scientific DCT6088 User Guide 1-3
Product Overview
Specifications
Specifications
Results may vary under different operating conditions.
Table 1–2. Performance specifications
Velocity range ±0 m/s to 15 m/s (±0 ft/s to 50 ft/s)*
Accuracy ±0.5% of velocity or ±0.05 ft/s, typical
Fluids Potable water, ultrapure liquids, deionized water, petroleum
products
Pipe size 25.4 mm to 5 m (1 in to 200 in)*
Contact factory for line sizes smaller than 1 inch.
*Large pieps and high velocities cannot be measured simultaneously.
Table 1–3. Physical specifications
Transmitter IP65, flame retardant, fiberglass reinforced polyester
Transducers Two encapsulated transducers suitable for submersion or
underground service; 9 m (30 ft) standard cable length
Weight Approximately 5.4 kg (12 lb)
Table 1–4. Functional specifications
Outputs 4–20 mA (into 1 to 5 kohms), 12-bit, 5 kV, opto-isolated, loop or
self-powered
RS232 serial interface
Power supply 90 to 132 Vac or 190 to 250 Vac, 50/60 Hz (switch selectable)
12 to 24 Vdc
Temperature range Transducers
Surface: -40°C to 100°C (-40°F to 212°F)
Ambient: -28°C to 80°C (-20°F to 176°F)
Transmitters: -40°C to 60°C (-40°F to 140°F)
Contact factory for higher temperature range requirements.
Keypad 19-key with tactile action
Display 2-line x 40-character, alphanumeric, backlit LCD
Data logger 30,000 point data logger, programmable in 1-second intervals
1-4 DCT6088 User Guide Thermo Fisher Scientific
External
Features
Product Overview
External Features
Figure 1–3. External features of the DCT6088
Thermo Fisher Scientific DCT6088 User Guide 1-5
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Chapter 2
System Installation
Enclosure
Mounting
Direct Mount
Method
Mounting Ears
Method
The enclosure should be mounted to a sturdy vertical surface such as a wall.
The enclosure can be directly mounted with screws or indirectly mounted
with mounting ears. The flowmeter has 5/16” metal threaded inserts
located in the corners of the enclosure. The inserts are located in mounting
wells that are sealed from the interior of the enclosure when the door is
closed, preventing moisture from entering the instrument through the
mounting holes.
The enclosure can be directly mounted to a wall by inserting four 1/4"
screws into the mounting wells from the front of the enclosure. The screws
act as “through bolts” for securing the unit to the wall.
The enclosure can be mounted to a flat, vertical surface using the optional
mounting ears. The mounting ears can be oriented vertically or
horizontally as follows.
1. Screw the four mounting ears to the metal threaded inserts on the back
of the enclosure using the 5/16” screws provided in the mounting ears
kit.
Thermo Fisher Scientific DCT6088 User Guide 2-1
2. Attach the ears to the wall with standard mounting screws.
Figure 2–1. Mounting ears method
System Installation
Transducer Installation
Transducer
Installation
Site Selection &
Preparation
Prior to installing the transducers, a proper site must be selected to ensure
accurate measurement. Examples of site recommendations are illustrated
below.
2-2 DCT6088 User Guide Thermo Fisher Scientific
Figure 2–2. Site recommendations
System Installation
Transducer Installation
Use the following guidelines when selecting the transducer site:
● Choose a section of pipe that is always full of liquid, such as a vertical
pipe with up flow or a full horizontal pipe.
● The site should have a straight run equivalent to at least 10 pipe
diameters upstream and 5 pipe diameters downstream from any elbows,
tees, throttling valves, orifices, reduced sections, or other flow
disturbances.
● Up to 30 diameters of straight run may be required upstream from the
flowmeter after a pump, control valve, or double piping bend for
greater accuracy. A distance of 5 diameters downstream is usually
sufficient under all circumstances.
● Always mount the transducers on the sides of the pipe in the 3 o’clock
or 9 o’clock position on horizontal pipes. Positioning the transducers in
this manner prevents signal loss that can be caused by sediment along
the bottom of the pipe or gas bubbles and air pockets along the top of
the pipe.
● Ensure that the pipe skin temperature is within the transducer
temperature rating. The transducers are rated for -40°F to +212°F
(-40°C to +100°C). Temperature ratings up to 392°F (200°C) are
available with optional high temperature transducers.
● Pipes with excessive corrosion or scaling create conditions that can
make accurate measurement difficult or impossible. If possible, avoid
selecting these sections of pipe as mounting locations.
● Remove any dirt, grease, rust, loose paint, or scale from the pipe surface
prior to mounting the transducers. To obtain best results on aging and
rough pipes, a file or grinder may be required to clean the pipe down to
bare metal.
If your application cannot follow these guidelines completely, meaningful
flow measurements (with some loss in accuracy and stability) may still be
obtained, depending on signal quality.
Thermo Fisher Scientific DCT6088 User Guide 2-3
System Installation
Spacing & Mounting the Transducers
Spacing &
Mounting the
Transducers
Once you have selected a proper transducer site, you must ensure proper
transducer spacing and mounting in order to maximize signal strength and
accuracy. Do this by following the steps below.
1. Determine the mounting method that is appropriate for your
application: V, W, Z, WW, WV.
2. Refer to Chapter 4 to configure the flowmeter via the keypad or to the
UltraScan manual to configure with the UltraScan software. Note the
value required for the transducer spacing (value calculated by and
displayed on flowmeter LCD or in UltraScan).
3. Clean the area of the pipe designated as the mounting location.
Remove any rust, scale, or loose paint. Well-bonded paint does not
need to be removed.
Note On horizontal pipes, the transducers should be mounted in the 3
o’clock and9 o’clock positions in order to avoid situations that can
cause signal loss, such as sediment along the bottom of the pipe or gas
bubbles or air pockets along the top of the pipe. ▲
4. Apply a wide bead of sonic coupling compound lengthwise down the
center of the face of each transducer.
Note The coupling compound should squeeze out from around the
edges of the transducer when placed against the pipe. There should be
no air gaps between the transducer and the pipe. Refer to “Replacing
Sonic Coupling Compound” (Chapter 7) for instructions on how to
apply sonic coupling co
sonic coupling compounds for high temperature, underground, or
submerged installations. ▲
5. Attach the transducers to the pipe using the stainless steel clamps and
referring to one of the following sections to mount the transducers
according to the selected mounting method: V method, W method, Z
method, or WV and WW methods.
Note The transducers should be mounted on the pipe in relation to the
direction of flow, as shown in the follo
position of the upstream and downstream transducers or reversing the
transducer cable connections to the instrument will result in negative
flow readings.
▲
mpound and for information on using other
wing figure. Reversing the
2-4 DCT6088 User Guide Thermo Fisher Scientific
System Installation
Spacing & Mounting the Transducers
Figure
2–3.
6. Tighten both straps securely. Ensure the transducer face is aligned
normal to the pipe. The transducer face alignment is particularly
critical on small pipes due to pipe curvature. In the figure below, notice
that the properly installed transducer contacts the pipe at the pipe’s
centerline and that the gaps on either side of the centerline are equal.
Follow these steps for the easiest method of aligning transducers on
small pipes:
a. Secure both transducers to the pipe with pipe clamps, and tighten
the clamps until the transducers fit snugly.
b. Adjust the transducers until the gaps on both sides are equal.
c. While holding the transducers in place, tighten the clamps
sufficiently to prevent the transducers from slipping and to allow
proper flowmeter operation.
Figure 2–4.
Thermo Fisher Scientific DCT6088 User Guide 2-5
System Installation
Spacing & Mounting the Transducers
7. The transducer cables connect to the terminal block labeled
TRANSDUCERS.
Note The upstream transducer cable has red-banded ends, and the
downstream transducer cable has blue-banded ends. ▲
Note Refer to Chapter 8 for information on connecting the transducer
cables in hazardous area applications. ▲
Connect the transducer cables to the flowmeter as follows:
a. Connect the center wire of downstream transducer cable to the
XMT (DN) terminal.
b. Connect the braided shield wire of downstream transducer cable to
the XMT GND terminal.
c. Connect the center wire of upstream transducer cable to the RCV
(UP) terminal.
d. Connect the braided shield wire of upstream transducer cable to the
RCV GND terminal.
8. If maximum accuracy at low flow rates is important, calibrate the
flowmeter according to “The Calibration Menu” (Chapter 5).
The flowmeter is now capable of accurately measuring velocity and flow.
2-6 DCT6088 User Guide Thermo Fisher Scientific
System Installation
W
Transducer Mounting Methods
Transducer
Mounting
Methods
V Method
There are several methods of mounting the transducers. The best method is
determined by the specific application. Complete steps 1–5 in previous
section, and then refer to the following sections for instructions on how to
properly mount the transducers using one of the available mounting
methods.
The V method is considered the standard method for pipes with diameters
of 4 to 16 inches (101.6 to 406.4 mm). This method typically yields a
more accurate reading than the Z method since it utilizes a longer
measurement path. When configuring the flowmeter, ensure V is the
selected mounting method.
Method
Figure 2–5. V mounting method
In many instances, flowmeter performance on small metallic pipes with
outer diameters of 4 inches (100 mm) or less can be improved by using the
W mounting method. With the W method, the sound wave traverses the
fluid four times and bounces off the pipe walls three times. Like the V
method, both transducers are mounted on the same side of the pipe. When
configuring the flowmeter, ensure W is the selected mounting method.
Figure 2–6. W mounting method
Thermo Fisher Scientific DCT6088 User Guide 2-7
System Installation
Transducer Mounting Methods
Z Method
The signal transmitted in a Z method installation has less attenuation than
a signal transmitted with the V method. This is because the Z method
utilizes a directly transmitted (rather than reflected) signal that transverses
the liquid only once. The Z method is used primarily in applications where
the V method cannot work due to signal attenuation from excessive air or
solids in the liquid, thick scale, poorly bonded linings, or very large pipes.
In addition, the Z method generally works better on larger diameter pipes
where less pipe length is required for mounting.
Figure 2–7. Z mounting method
To mount the transducers using the Z mounting method, follow the steps
below.
1. Establish a reference at the 3 o’clock and 9o’clock positions on the
pipe.
Figure 2–8. Z mounting method, step 1
2. Place a transducer at the 3 o’clock position.
3. Trace the shape of the 3 o’clock transducer along its inside edge
(opposite the cable connection). Draw a horizontal line at its center.
Remove the transducer.
2-8 DCT6088 User Guide Thermo Fisher Scientific
System Installation
Transducer Mounting Methods
Figure 2–9. Z mounting method, steps 2–3
4. Obtain a continuous sheet of paper longer than the circumference of
the pipe. Calculator paper tape or thermal printer paper works well for
this.
5. Fold one end of the paper across the pipe’s width to produce a clean,
straight edge.
6. Line the fold of the paper up with the horizontal centerline of the 3
o’clock transducer.
Figure 2–10. Z mounting method, steps 4–6
7. Wrap the paper firmly around the pipe, and mark the intersection
point where the fold comes in contact with the rest of the paper.
Figure
2–11. Z mounting method, step 7
Thermo Fisher Scientific DCT6088 User Guide 2-9
System Installation
Transducer Mounting Methods
8. Remove the paper from the pipe. Place the fold and intersection mark
together again, and fold the paper exactly in half.
Figure 2–12. Z mounting method, step 8
9. Mark along the new fold.
Figure 2–13. Z mounting method, step 9
10. Draw a horizontal line along the pipe from the centerline of the 3
o’clock transducer position. Use a level to ensure that the line is level
with the top of the pipe. The line should be at least 3 inches (76 mm)
longer than the transducer spacing calculated by the UltraScan software
or via menu 25.
For example, if the software calculates the spacing as 14 inches (356
mm), draw a line 17 inches (432 mm) long.
Figure
2–14. Z mounting method, step 10
2-10 DCT6088 User Guide Thermo Fisher Scientific
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