Thermo Scientifi? Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator's Manual

Thermo Scientific

Dionex Aquion RFIC Ion Chromatography System

Operator’s Manual

22176-97006 Revision 01 March 2019

Chromeleon, ERS, and OnGuard are registered trademarks of Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. in the United States. Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and other countries.

KIMWIPES is a registered trademark of Kimberly-Clark Corporation in the United States and possibly other countries.

PEEK is a trademark of Victrex PLC. Rheodyne is a trademark of IDEX Health & Science LLC.

All other trademarks are the property of Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. and its subsidiaries.

Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. provides this document to its customers with a product purchase to use in the product operation. This document is copyright protected and any reproduction of the whole or any part of this document is strictly prohibited, except with the written authorization of Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.

The contents of this document are subject to change without notice. All technical information in this document is for reference purposes only. System configurations and specifications in this document supersede all previous information received by the purchaser.

This document is not part of any sales contract between Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. and a purchaser. This document shall in no way govern or modify any Terms and Conditions of Sale, which Terms and Conditions of Sale shall govern all conflicting information between the two documents.

Release history: Revision 01 released March 2019; initial system release

Software version: Chromeleon 7.2.9 DUa and later

For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .v

Related Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v

Safety Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vi

Safety and Special Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vi

Safety Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii

Regulatory Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii

Notice on Lifting and Handling of Thermo Scientific Instruments . . . . . . . .viii

Notice on the Proper Use of Thermo Scientific Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . .viii

Notice on the Susceptibility to Electromagnetic Transmission. . . . . . . . . . . .viii

WEEE Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .viii

Deionized Water Requirements for IC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x

Contacting Us . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x

Chapter 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

Introduction to Ion Chromatography (IC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Overview of the Dionex Aquion RFIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Chapter 2 Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

Operating Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Top Cover. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Component Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Rear Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Flow Schematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Flow Description for KOH, LiOH, NaOH, or MSA Eluent

Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Flow Description for Carbonate Eluent Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Chromeleon Chromatography Data System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual i

Contents

System Component Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Vacuum Degas Assembly (Optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Eluent Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Eluent Generator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Injection Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Auxiliary Valve (Optional). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Column Heater (Optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Suppressor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

DS6 Heated Conductivity Cell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Chapter 3 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

Operation Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Sample Processing Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Turning On the System Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Connecting to Chromeleon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Setting Up the Eluent Reservoir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Checking All Connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Priming the Pump. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Setting System Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Equilibrating the System and Verifying Operational Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Preparing Samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Collecting and Storing Samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Pretreating Samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Diluting Samples. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Loading and Injecting Samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Processing Samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Manual Sample Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Automated (Batch) Sample Processing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Chapter 4 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47

Daily Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Weekly Maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Semiannual Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Annual Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Chapter 5 Troubleshooting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49

Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Troubleshooting Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

ii Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Contents

Troubleshooting System Component Symptoms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Liquid Leaks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Pump Difficult to Prime or Loses Prime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Pump Does Not Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

No Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Erratic Flow and/or Pressure Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Excessive System Backpressure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Peak Ghosting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Nonreproducible Peak Height or Retention Time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Abnormal Retention Time or Selectivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

No Cell Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

High Cell Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Baseline Noise or Drift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Hardware Not Present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Leak Sensor Wet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Vacuum Degas Assembly Does Not Run. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Chapter 6 Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71

Isolating a Restriction in the Liquid Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Replacing Tubing and Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Rebuilding the Injection Valve or Auxiliary Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Replacing the Auxiliary Valve Pod. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Cleaning and Replacing the Pump Check Valves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Replacing a Pump Piston Seal and Piston Rinse Seal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Replacing a Pump Piston. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Replacing the Waste Valve or Priming Valve O-Ring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Replacing the Suppressor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Replacing the Eluent Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

Replacing the Leak Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Priming the Pump (Standard Procedure). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

Priming the Pump with Isopropyl Alcohol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

Replacing the Dionex EGC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

Replacing a KOH, LiOH, NaOH, or MSA Cartridge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

Replacing a Carbonate Cartridge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

Replacing the Dionex CR-TC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

Replacing the Dionex EGC 500 Carbonate Mixer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

Replacing the Dionex EGC Holder and Degas Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

Changing the Main Power Fuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

Appendix A Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125

Appendix B TTL and Relay Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .131

TTL and Relay Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

Controlling TTL and Relay Outputs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual iii

Contents

Appendix C Reordering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137

Appendix D FAQ. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141

Appendix E Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .145

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .151

iv Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Preface

This manual provides instructions for the operation of the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ Aquion™ RFIC™ Ion Chromatography System.

Contents

• Related Documentation

• Safety Information

• Regulatory Compliance

• Deionized Water Requirements for IC

• Contacting Us

Safety Information

The Dionex Aquion RFIC is manufactured for Thermo Fisher Scientific at the following location:

Jabil Circuit de Chihuahua S. de R.L. de C.V. Complejo Industrial Chihuahua Av. Alejandro Dumas No. 11341 31109 Chihuahua, Chihuahua Mexico

The Dionex Aquion RFIC is designed for IC (ion chromatography) applications and should not be used for any other purpose. Operation of a Dionex Aquion RFIC in a manner not specified by Thermo Fisher Scientific may result in personal injury.

If there is a question regarding appropriate usage, contact Technical Support for Dionex products. In the U.S. and Canada, call 1-800-532-4752. Outside the U.S. and Canada, call the nearest Thermo Fisher Scientific office.

Safety and Special Notices

Make sure you follow the precautionary statements presented in this manual. Safety notices and special notices appear in boxes. These notices include the following:

DANGER Indicates an imminently hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury. Each DANGER notice is accompanied by an appropriate DANGER symbol.

CAUTION Highlights hazards to humans, property, or the environment. Each CAUTION notice is accompanied by an appropriate CAUTION symbol.

IMPORTANT Highlights information necessary to prevent damage to the system or software, loss of data, or invalid test results; or might contain information that is critical for optimal performance of the system.

Note Highlights information of general interest.

Tip Highlights helpful information that can make a task easier.

vi Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Safety Symbols

Preface

These symbols appear on the Dionex Aquion RFIC or on labels affixed to the system:

Alternating current

Primary protective conductor terminal

Secondary protective conductor terminal

Power supply is on

Power supply is off

Indicates a potential hazard. Refer to this manual for an explanation of the hazard and how to proceed.

Regulatory Compliance

Thermo Fisher Scientific performs complete testing and evaluation of its products to ensure full compliance with applicable domestic and international regulations. When the system is delivered to you, it meets all pertinent electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and safety standards as described in this section.

Changes that you make to your system may void compliance with one or more of these EMC and safety standards. Changes to your system include replacing a part or adding components, options, or peripherals not specifically authorized and qualified by Thermo Fisher Scientific. To ensure continued compliance with EMC and safety standards, replacement parts and additional components, options, and peripherals must be ordered from Thermo Fisher Scientific or one of its authorized representatives.

The regulatory symbols on the Dionex Aquion RFIC model/data label indicate that the system is in compliance with the following EMC and safety standards:

• EN 61010-1:2010

• UL 61010-1:2012

• CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 61010-1-12

• EN 61326-1:2013

The CE mark on the Dionex Aquion RFIC model/data label indicates that the system is in compliance with the following European Community Directives as is evidenced by compliance to the associated standard where appropriate:

• Low Voltage/Safety Directive: 2014/35/EU by conforming to EN61010-1:2013

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual vii

Preface

• EMC Directive: 2014/30/EU by conforming to EN61326-1:2013

Notice on Lifting and Handling of Thermo Scientific Instruments

For your safety, and in compliance with international regulations, the physical handling of this Thermo Fisher Scientific instrument requires a team effort to lift and/or move the instrument. This instrument is too heavy and/or bulky for one person alone to handle safely.

Notice on the Proper Use of Thermo Scientific Instruments

In compliance with international regulations: This instrument must be used in the manner specified by Thermo Fisher Scientific to ensure protections provided by the instrument are not impaired. Deviations from specified instructions on the proper use of the instrument include changes to the system and parts replacement. Accordingly, order replacement parts from Thermo Fisher Scientific or one of its authorized representatives.

Notice on the Susceptibility to Electromagnetic Transmission

WEEE Compliance

Your instrument is designed to work in a controlled electromagnetic environment. Do not use radio frequency transmitters, such as mobile phones, in close proximity to the instrument.

For manufacturing location, see the label on the instrument.

This product complies with the European Union’s Waste Electrical & Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive 2002/96/EC. It is marked with the following symbol:

Thermo Fisher Scientific is registered with B2B Compliance (B2Bcompliance.org.uk) in the UK and with the European Recycling Platform (ERP-recycling.org) in all other countries of the European Union and in Norway.

If this product is located in Europe and you want to participate in the Thermo Fisher Scientific B2B (Business-to-Business) Recycling Program, send an email request to

weee.recycle@thermofisher.com with the following information:

• WEEE product class

• Name of the manufacturer or distributor (where you purchased the product)

• Number of product pieces, and the estimated total weight and volume

viii Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Conformité DEEE

Preface

• Pick-up address and contact person (including contact information)

• Appropriate pick-up time

• Declaration of decontamination, stating that all hazardous fluids or material have been removed from the product

For additional information about the Restriction on Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive for the European Union, search for RoHS on the Thermo Fisher Scientific European language websites.

Ce produit est conforme avec la directive européenne (2002/96/EC) des Déchets d'Equipements Electriques et Electroniques (DEEE). Il est marqué par le symbole suivant:

WEEE Konformität

Thermo Fisher Scientific s'est associé avec une ou plusieurs sociétés de recyclage dans chaque état membre de l’Union Européenne et ce produit devrait être collecté ou recyclé par celle(s)-ci. Pour davantage d'informations, rendez-vous sur la page

www.thermoscientific.fr/rohs.

Dieses Produkt entspricht der EU Waste Electrical & Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Richtlinie 2002/96/EC. Es ist mit dem folgenden Symbol gekennzeichnet:

Thermo Fisher Scientific hat Vereinbarungen mit Verwertungs-/Entsorgungsfirmen in allen EU-Mitgliedsstaaten getroffen, damit dieses Produkt durch diese Firmen wiederverwertet oder entsorgt werden kann. Weitere Informationen finden Sie unter

www.thermoscientific.de/rohs.

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual ix

Preface

Deionized Water Requirements for IC

For electrolytic eluent generation, or when manually preparing eluent and regenerant, use ASTM Type I (18 megohm-cm) filtered and deionized water that meets the specifications listed in Ta bl e 1 .

Table 1. ASTM filtered, Type I deionized water specifications for ion chromatography

Contaminant Specification

Ions–Resistivity >18.0 megohm-cm

Organics–TOC <10 ppb

Iron/Transition Metals* <1 ppb

Pyrogens <0.03 (Eu/mL)

Particulates > 0.2 μm <1 (units/mL)

Colloids–Silica <10 ppb

Bacteria <1 (cfu/mL)

Contacting Us

* Iron/transition metal content not specified for ASTM Type I water

 For Technical Support for Dionex products

In the U.S. and Canada, call 1-800-532-4752.

Outside the U.S. and Canada, call the nearest Thermo Fisher Scientific office.

 For additional contact information

Go to www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/technical-resources/contact-us.html.

x Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Risque de choc électrique : l’instrument utilise des

tensions susceptibles de provoquer une électrocution

et/ou des blessures corporelles. Il doit être arrêté et

Riesgo de descargas eléctricas: Este instrumento

utiliza voltajes que pueden causar descargas

eléctricas y/o lesiones personales. Antes de revisar o

débranché de la source de courant avant toute

intervention. Ne pas utiliser l’instrument sans ses

couvercles. Ne pas enlever les capots de protection des

cartes à circuit imprimé (PCBA).

reparar el instrumento, apáguelo y desconéctelo de la

red eléctrica. Mantenga colocadas las cubiertas

mientras se utiliza el instrumento. No retire las

cubiertas protectoras del circuito impreso completo

(PCBA).

Danger lié aux produits chimiques : porter des gants

et d’autres équipements de protection appropriés pour

manipuler les produits chimiques toxiques, cancérigènes,

mutagènes, corrosifs ou irritants. Utiliser des récipients

homologués et des procédures adéquates pour la mise au

Peligro por sustancias químicas: Cuando

manipule sustancias químicas, tóxicas,

carcinogénicas, mutágenas, corrosivas o irritantes,

utilice guantes y otro equipo de protección. Utilice

siempre recipientes homologados y siga los

rebut des huiles usagées et lors de la manipulation des

pièces de l’instrument en contact avec l’eau.

procedimientos adecuados cuando deseche aceite

residual o manipule partes mojadas del instrumento.

Surface chaude : laisser refroidir les composants

chauffés avant toute manipulation.

Superficies calientes: Antes de tocar los

componentes calientes, espere a que se enfríen.

Danger lié aux substances inflammables : agir avec

précaution lors de l’utilisation du système en présence de

substances inflammables.

Peligro por sustancias inflamables: Tenga mucho

cuidado cuando utilice el sistema cerca de sustancias

inflamables.

Risque de lésion oculaire : les projections chimiques,

les particules en suspension dans l’air et les objets

tranchants peuvent entraîner des lésions oculaires. (Les

objets tranchants pouvant être installés par les clients

dans l’instrument comprennent les tubes en silice fondue,

les aiguilles du passeur automatique, etc.). Porter des

lunettes de protection lors de toute manipulation de

produit chimique ou intervention sur l’instrument.

Danger d’ordre général : indique la présence d’un

Riesgo de lesiones oculares: Las salpicaduras de

sustancias químicas, las partículas flotantes en el

aire y los objetos afilados pueden causar lesiones

oculares. (Entre los objetos afilados que los clientes

pueden instalar en el instrumento se encuentran

tubos de sílice fundida, agujas del muestreador

automático, etc.). Para manipular sustancias

químicas o realizar tareas de mantenimiento, utilice

gafas de seguridad.

Peligro general: Existen peligros que no se incluyen

risque n’appartenant pas aux catégories citées plus haut.

Ce symbole figure également sur l’instrument. Pour plus

de détails sur ce danger potentiel, se reporter au manuel

de l’instrument.

Si la sûreté d’une procédure est incertaine, contacter

l’assistance technique pour les produits Thermo Scientific

Sunnyvale.

en las otras categorías. Este símbolo también

aparece en el instrumento. Si desea obtener más

información sobre estos peligros, consulte el manual

del instrumento.

En caso de duda sobre la seguridad de un procedimiento,

póngase en contacto con el personal de servicio técnico

de los productos Thermo Scientific Sunnyvale.

CAUTION Symbol CAUTION VORSICHT PRECAUCIÓN MISE EN GARDE

Stromschlaggefahr: Dieses Gerät arbeitet mit

Spannungen, die Stromschläge und/oder

Personenverletzungen verursachen können. Vor

Risk electric shock: This instrument uses

voltages that can cause electric shock and/or

personal injury. Before servicing, shut down the

Wartungsarbeiten muss das Gerät abgeschaltet

und vom Netz getrennt werden. Betreiben Sie das

Gerät nicht mit abgenommenen Abdeckungen.

Nehmen Sie die Schutzabdeckungen von

instrument and disconnect it from line power.

While operating the instrument, keep covers on.

Do not remove the protective covers from the

printed circuit board assemblies (PCBAs).

Leiterplatten nicht ab.

Gefahr durch Chemikalien: Tragen Sie beim

Chemical hazard: Wear gloves and other

Umgang mit toxischen, karzinogenen, mutagenen,

ätzenden oder reizenden Chemikalien

Schutzhandschuhe und weitere geeignete

Schutzausrüstung. Verwenden Sie bei der

Entsorgung von verbrauchtem Öl und beim Umgang

mit medienberührenden Komponenten die

vorgeschriebenen Behälter, und wenden Sie

protective equipment, as appropriate, when

handling toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic, corrosive,

or irritant chemicals. Use approved containers and

proper procedures to dispose of waste oil and

when handling wetted parts of the instrument.

ordnungsgemäße Verfahren an.

Heiße Oberflächen: Lassen Sie heiße

Komponenten vor der Berührung abkühlen.

Hot surface: Before touching, allow any heated

components to cool.

Gefahr durch entzündbare Substanzen:

Beachten Sie die einschlägigen Vorsichtsmaßnahmen,

Flammable substances hazard: Use care when

operating the system in the presence of flammable

wenn Sie das System in Gegenwart von entzündbaren

substances.

Umgang mit Chemikalien oder bei der Wartung des

Gerätes eine Schutzbrille.

Allgemeine Gefahr: Es besteht eine weitere

Gefahr, die nicht in den vorstehenden Kategorien

beschrieben ist. Dieses Symbol wird auch auf dem

Gerät angebracht. Einzelheiten zu dieser Gefahr

finden Sie in den Gerätehandbüchern.

Wenn Sie sich über die Sicherheit eines Verfahrens

im Unklaren sind, setzen Sie sich, bevor Sie

fortfahren, mit dem technischen Support für

Thermo Scientific Sunnyvale Produkte in

Substanzen betreiben.

Augenverletzungsrisiko: Verspritzte

Chemikalien, Schwebstoffpartikel oder scharfe

Objekte können Augenverletzungen verursachen.

(Scharfe Objekte, die Kunden möglicherweise im

Gerät installieren, sind z. B. Quarzglas-Kapillaren,

die Nadel des Autosamplers, usw.) Tragen Sie beim

General hazard: A hazard is present that is not

included in the other categories. This symbol also

appears on the instrument. For details about the

hazard, refer to the instrument manual.

When the safety of a procedure is questionable,

Risk of eye injury: Eye injury could occur from

splattered chemicals, airborne particles, or sharp

objects. (Sharp objects that customers might install

in the instrument include fused-silica tubing, the

autosampler needle, and so on.) Wear safety

glasses when handling chemicals or servicing the

instrument.

contact Technical Support for Thermo Scientific

Verbindung.

Sunnyvale products.

Danger lié au laser : l’instrument utilise un laser

Peligro por láser: Este instrumento utiliza un láser

susceptible de provoquer des blessures corporelles. Ce

que puede producir lesiones personales. Este símbolo

symbole figure également sur l’instrument. Pour plus de

también aparece en el instrumento. Si desea obtener

détails sur ce danger potentiel, se reporter au manuel de

más información sobre el peligro, consulte el manual

l’instrument.

Danger lié aux rayons ultraviolets : ne jamais

del instrumento.

Peligro por luz ultravioleta: No mire directamente

regarder directement la lumière ultraviolette (UV) ou la

source d’UV. Une exposition peut entraîner des lésions

a una luz ultravioleta (UV) ni a una fuente UV. La

exposición puede causar daños oculares. Lleve

Si la sûreté d’une procédure est incertaine, contacter

l’assistance technique pour les produits Thermo Scientific

En caso de duda sobre la seguridad de un pro cedimiento,

póngase en contacto con el personal de servicio técnico

Sunnyvale.

de los productos Thermo Scientific Sunnyvale.

oculaires. Porter des protections oculaires anti-UV.

Objet tranchant : éviter tout contact physique avec

l’objet.

protección ocular para UV.

Objeto puntiagudo: Evite el contacto físico con el

objeto.

Risque de pincement : éloigner les mains de cette zone.

Puntos de pinzamiento: Mantenga las manos

apartadas de esta área.

Objet lourd : ne jamais soulever ou déplacer l’instrument

seul sous peine de blessure corporelle ou

d’endommagement de l’instrument. Pour obtenir des

instructions de levage spécifiques, se reporter au manuel

de l’instrument.

Risque de trébuchement : faire attention aux câbles,

Objeto pesado: Nunca levante ni mueva el

instrumento por su cuenta, podría sufrir lesiones

personales o dañar el equipo. Para obtener

instrucciones específicas sobre levantamiento,

consulte el manual del instrumento.

Tropiezo con obstáculos: Tenga en cuenta los cables,

tuyaux et autres objets situés sur le sol.

mangueras u otros objetos colocados en el suelo.

CAUTION Symbol CAUTION VORSICHT PRECAUCIÓN MISE EN GARDE

Gefahr durch Laserstrahlen: Der in diesem Gerät

verwendete Laser kann zu Verletzungen führen.

Laser hazard: This instrument uses a laser that is

capable of causing personal injury. This symbol

Dieses Symbol wird auch auf dem Gerät

also appears on the instrument. For details about

angebracht. Einzelheiten zu dieser Gefahr finden

Sie in den Gerätehandbüchern.

Gefahr durch UV-Licht: Richten Sie Ihren Blick

nicht direkt auf ultraviolettes Licht (UV-Licht) oder

in die UV-Quelle. Dies kann zu Augenschäden

the hazard, refer to the instrument manual.

Ultra violet light hazard: Do not look directly at

the ultra-violet (UV) light or into the UV source.

Exposure can cause eye damage. Wear UV eye

führen. Tragen Sie eine UV-Schutzbrille.

protection.

Scharfes Objekt: Vermeiden Sie den physischen

Kontakt mit dem Objekt.

Sharp object: Avoid physical contact with the

object.

Bereich fern.

Pinch point: Keep hands away from this area. Quetschgefahr: Halten Sie Ihre Hände von diesem

Schweres Objekt: Bewegen und heben Sie das

Gerät niemals allein an; dies kann zu Verletzungen

oder zur Beschädigung des Geräts führen.

Spezifische Anweisungen zum Anheben finden Sie

im Gerätehandbuch.

Stolpergefahr: Achten Sie auf Kabel, Schläuche

und andere Objekte auf dem Fußboden.

Heavy objects: Never lift or move the instrument

by yourself; you can suffer personal injury or

damage the equipment. For specific lifting

instructions, refer to the instrument manual.

Trip obstacle: Be aware of cords, hoses, or other

objects located on the floor.

fortfahren, mit Ihrer lokalen technischen

Unterstützungsorganisation für Thermo Scientific

Wenn Sie sich über die Sicherheit eines Verfahrens

im unklaren sind, setzen Sie sich, bevor Sie

When the safety of a procedure is questionable,

contact Technical Support for Thermo Scientific

Sunnyvale Produkte in Verbindung.

Sunnyvale products.

普通危险：未归入其他类别的危险。此符号也会在仪器上出现。有关此

危险的详细信息，参阅适当的仪器手册。若对任何步骤的安全事项有疑

触电危险：本仪器所用电压可能导致电击或人身伤害。进行维修服务

前，务必关闭仪器电源并断开其电源连接。操作此仪器时，不要卸下

顶盖。勿卸下印刷电路板组件（PCBA）的保护盖。

化学品危险：当处理毒性、致癌性、致突变性、腐蚀性或者刺激性化学

品时，佩戴手套和其他保护性设备。当处理浸湿的仪器部件以及废油

时，使用认可的容器和合适的步骤。

易燃物危险：在有易燃物质的场地操作该系统时，务必小心谨慎。

眼睛伤害风险：眼睛受伤可能源自飞溅的化学品、空气中的颗粒，

或者锋利的物体。（安装在仪器内的锋利物体包括熔融石英管、

自动进样器的进样针等。）处理化学品或对仪器进行维修服务时，

务必戴上防护眼镜。

问，联系 Thermo Scientific Sunnyvale 产品的技术支持中心。

警告危险警告

CAUTION Symbol CAUTION

Risk electric shock: This instrument

感電の危険性 : この機器では、感電および / または身体傷害を引き起こ

uses voltages that can cause electric

すおそれのある電圧を使用しています。整備点検の前には、機器の電

shock and/or personal injury. Before

源を切り、電源コードを抜いてください。機器の作動中は、カバーを

付けたままにしてください。プリント基板アセンブリ (PCBA) から保護

カバーを取り外さないでください。

servicing, shut down the instrument and

disconnect it from line power. While

operating the instrument, keep covers on.

Do not remove the protective covers from

the printed circuit board assemblies

(PCBAs).

化学的危険性 : 毒性、発癌性、変異原性、腐食性、または刺激性のある

化学薬品を取り扱うときは、必要に応じて手袋などの保護具を着用し

ます。廃油を処分したり、機器の接液部品を取り扱うときは、認可さ

れた容器を使用し、適切な手順に従います。

Chemical hazard: Wear gloves and

other protective equipment, as

appropriate, when handling toxic,

carcinogenic, mutagenic, corrosive, or

高温面 : 触れる前に、加熱した部品を冷ましてください。热表面：待高温部件冷却之后再进行维修。

irritant chemicals. Use approved

containers and proper procedures to

dispose of waste oil and when handling

wetted parts of the instrument.

Hot surface: Before touching, allow any

heated components to cool.

可燃性物質の危険性 : 可燃性物質があるところでシステムを作動させる

Flammable substances hazard: Use

care when operating the system in the

場合は十分注意してください。

presence of flammable substances.

ては、機器のマニュアルを参照してください。

手順の安全性にご不明な点がある場合は、Thermo Scientific Sunnyvale 製品の

眼外傷の危険性 : 飛散した化学薬品、浮遊粒子、または鋭利な物体に

よって眼外傷を負うおそれがあります (機器に取り付けられる可能性が

ある鋭利な物体は、ヒューズドシリカ、オートサンプラーニードルな

どです )。化学薬品を取り扱ったり、機器を整備点検するときは、保護

メガネを着用します。

Risk of eye injury: Eye injury could occur

from splattered chemicals, airborne

particles, or sharp objects. (Sharp objects

that customers might install in the

instrument include fused-silica tubing, the

autosampler needle, and so on.) Wear

一般的な危険性 : それぞれのカテゴリーに当てはまらない危険がありま

safety glasses when handling chemicals

or servicing the instrument.

General hazard: A hazard is present that

テクニカルサポートまでお問い合わせください。

す。この標識記号は機器にも表示されています。この危険の詳細につい

is not included in the other categories.

This symbol also appears on the

instrument. For details about the hazard,

refer to the instrument manual.

When the safety of a procedure is

questionable, contact Technical Support

for Thermo Scientific Sunnyvale products.

警告危险警告

激光危险：本仪器所用激光会导致人身伤害。此符号也会在仪器上出

レーザー光線の危険性 : この機器では、身体傷害を引き起こすおそれ

现。有关此危险的详细信息，参阅适当的仪器手册。

のあるレーザーを使用しています。この標識記号は機器にも表示され

ています。この危険の詳細については、機器のマニュアルを参照して

ください。

紫外光危险：不要直视紫外（UV）光或者紫外光源。直视可能导致眼

睛伤害。佩戴紫外线防护眼镜。

紫外光の危険性 : 紫外 (UV) 光または UV 光源を直接見ないでください。照

射によって眼損傷を引き起こすおそれがあります。UV 保護メガネを着用

重物：切勿独自提起或移动本仪器；可能遭受人身伤害或损坏仪器。

有关具体的提起说明，参阅仪器手册。

します。

鋭利な物体 : 物体との身体的接触を避けてください。锋利物体：避免直接接触锋利的物体。

ピンチポイント : この部分には手を挟まれないようにしてください。夹点：勿将手放在此部位。

重量物 :1 人で機器を持ち上げたり移動しないでください。身体傷害を

負ったり、機器を損傷するおそれがあります。具体的な持ち上げ方法

については、機器のマニュアルを参照してください。

绊倒危险：注意地面上的线、管或其他物品。

作業の障害物 : 床にあるコード、ホース、その他の物体に注意してく

如对安全程序有疑问，联系 Thermo Scientific Sunnyvale 产品的技术支持

中心。

ださい。

手順の安全性にご不明な点がある場合は、Thermo Scientific Sunnyvale 製品の

テクニカルサポートまでお問い合わせください。

Laser hazard: This instrument uses a

laser that is capable of causing personal

injury. This symbol also appears on the

instrument. For details about the hazard,

refer to the instrument manual.

Ultra violet light hazard: Do not look

directly at the ultra-violet (UV) light or into

the UV source. Exposure can cause eye

damage. Wear UV eye protection.

Sharp object: Avoid physical contact

with the object.

CAUTION Symbol CAUTION

Pinch point: Keep hands away from this

area.

Heavy objects: Never lift or move the

instrument by yourself; you can suffer

personal injury or damage the equipment.

For specific lifting instructions, refer to the

instrument manual.

Trip obstacle: Be aware of cords, hoses,

or other objects located on the floor.

When the safety of a procedure is

questionable, contact Technical Support

for Thermo Scientific Sunnyvale products.

Introduction

Eluent

Separator column

Waste

Guard column (optional)

Injection valve

2. Sample injection

1. Eluent delivery

3. Separation

4. Detection

5. Data analysis

Cell

Suppressor

(optional)

Pump

Waste

Sample

Introduction to Ion Chromatography (IC)

The Dionex Aquion RFIC performs ion analyses using suppressed or non-suppressed conductivity detection. An ion chromatography system typically consists of a liquid eluent, a high-pressure pump, a sample injector, a guard and separator column, a chemical suppressor, a conductivity cell, and a data collection system.

Before running a sample, the ion chromatography system is calibrated using a standard solution. By comparing the data obtained from a sample to that obtained from the known standard, sample ions can be identified and quantitated. The data collection system, typically a computer running chromatography software, produces a chromatogram (a plot of the detector output vs. time). The chromatography software converts each peak in the chromatogram to a sample concentration and produces a printout of the results. A typical IC analysis consists of six stages (see Figure 1).

Figure 1. Ion process analysis

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 1

Introduction

Introduction to Ion Chromatography (IC)

1. Eluent Delivery

2. Sample Injection

• Eluent, a liquid that helps to separate the sample ions, carries the sample through the ion chromatography system. The Dionex Aquion RFIC includes an eluent generator, which generates eluent online from deionized water.

• The system can operate in two eluent delivery modes. In isocratic mode, the eluent composition and concentration remain constant throughout the run. In the one-step gradient mode, the eluent concentration changes over time. The delivery mode is defined in the Chromeleon Instrument Method Wizard. For more information, refer to the Chromeleon Help.

• The liquid sample is loaded into a sample loop manually or automatically (if an automated sampler is installed). When triggered, the Dionex Aquion RFIC injects the sample into the eluent stream.

• The pump pushes the eluent and sample through the guard and separator columns (chemically-inert tubes packed with a polymeric resin). The guard column removes contaminants that might poison the separator column.

3. Separation

• As the eluent and sample are pumped through the separator column, the sample ions are separated. In the Dionex Aquion RFIC, the mode of separation is called ion exchange. This is based on the premise that different sample ions migrate through the IC column at different rates, depending upon their interactions with the ion exchange sites.

4. Suppression

• After the eluent and sample ions leave the column, they flow through a suppressor that selectively enhances detection of the sample ions while suppressing the conductivity of the eluent.

5. Detection

• A conductivity cell measures the electrical conductance of the sample ions as they emerge from the suppressor and produces a signal based on a chemical or physical property of the analyte.

6. Data Analysis

• The conductivity cell transmits the signal to a data collection system.

• The data collection system (for the Dionex Aquion RFIC, this is the Chromeleon 7 Chromatography Data System) identifies the ions based on retention time, and quantifies each analyte by integrating the peak area or peak height. The data is quantitated by comparing the sample peaks in a chromatogram to those produced from a standard solution. The results are displayed as a chromatogram and the concentrations of ionic analytes can be automatically determined and tabulated.

2 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Overview of the Dionex Aquion RFIC

The Dionex Aquion RFIC is an integrated ion chromatography system containing an eluent generator, pump, injection valve, and conductivity detector. Other system components, including a guard column, separator column, and suppressor vary, depending on the analyses to be performed.

If necessary, the Dionex Aquion RFIC can be configured with a column heater for temperature control of the column.

Dionex Aquion RFIC operation is controlled remotely by a personal computer running the Microsoft® Windows® 10, Windows 8.1, or Windows 7 operating system and Chromeleon software (version 7.2.9 DUa or later). Chromeleon also provides data acquisition and data processing functions.

For communication with Chromeleon, the Dionex Aquion RFIC must be connected to a USB (Universal Serial Bus) port on the computer or a USB hub. For details, refer to the Dionex Aquion RFIC installation instructions.

Introduction

Overview of the Dionex Aquion RFIC

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 3

Introduction

Overview of the Dionex Aquion RFIC

4 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Description

This chapter describes key features of the Dionex Aquion RFIC and introduces the Chromeleon user interface.

Contents

• Operating Features

• Flow Schematics

• Chromeleon Chromatography Data System

• System Component Details

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 5

Status LEDs

Power LED

Injection port

Description

Operating Features

Front Panel

Figure 2. Dionex Aquion RFIC front panel

Injection Port

The sample to be analyzed can be injected manually into the injection port, using a syringe. For automated sample injection, the Dionex Aquion RFIC must be connected to an autosampler. For more information about sample injection, see “Operation Overview” on

page 32.

LEDs

The Power LED indicates whether the Dionex Aquion RFIC power is on. Other LEDs indicate the status of various system functions. For details, see Tab le 2 .

6 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Figure 3. Dionex Aquion RFIC front panel LEDs

Table 2. Dionex Aquion RFIC front panel LED states

LED label If on (green) If flashing

Description

Operating Features

Load Injection valve is in

Valve error detected

Load position

Inject Injection valve is in

Valve error detected

Inject position

Alarm LED has no “on”

(green) state

Module Connected Dionex Aquion

Error detected; check the Chromeleon audit trail for the cause

LED does not flash RFIC is connected to a Chromeleon instrument

Acquiring Data Sequence or manual

data acquisition is in

Sequence stopped because an error was

detected progress

Pump Pump is on High or low pressure limit exceeded (pump is

turned off)

Suppressor Suppressor is on and

current is being applied to it

Column Heater Column heater is at

set temperature

Continuity check failed, or suppressor is over

the voltage, current, or power limit

(suppressor is turned off)

Column heater is transitioning to new

temperature

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 7

EGC service area

EGC and CR-TC power

supply connectors

EGC holder

Tubing chase

(under connectors)

Deionized water

EGC

Description

Operating Features

Top Cover

Figure 4 shows the top cover of the Dionex Aquion RFIC.

Figure 4. Dionex Aquion RFIC top cover

• Storage area for eluent generator cartridge and eluent reservoirs

– The Dionex EGC (eluent generator cartridge) is installed in a holder that fits into the

rear of the storage area. For more information about the Dionex EGC, see page 23.

– Up to three 2-L plastic reservoirs (P/N 046548) or one 4-L plastic reservoir

(P/N 039164) can be installed in the storage area.

• Power supply connectors

– The electrical cable from the Dionex EGC connects to the EGC connector.

– The electrical cable from the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™

Continuously Regenerated

Trap Column connects to the CR-TC connector. For more information about the Dionex CR-TC, see page 25.

– The tubing chase under the connectors routes tubing from the eluent reservoir and

Dionex EGC holder to the front of the Dionex Aquion RFIC.

• Dionex EGC service area

– The service area holds the Dionex EGC during installation and replacement.

8 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Component Panel

Mounting brackets for second suppressor

Tubing chase

Column heater (optional)

Eluent valve

Suppressor

DS6 conductivity cell

Injection valve

Tubing chase

Pump head

Pressure transducer

Leak sensor

Pump head

Site for auxiliary valve (optional)

Description

Operating Features

Figure 5 shows the user-accessible components installed on the component panel behind the

Dionex Aquion RFIC front door.

Figure 5. Dionex Aquion RFIC component panel

Pressure Transducer

Leak Sensor

The pressure transducer measures the system backpressure.

A leak sensor is installed in the drip tray at the bottom of the component panel. If liquid accumulates in the tray, the front panel Alarm LED flashes and an error message is logged in the Chromeleon audit trail.

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 9

Description

Operating Features

Pump Heads

The Dionex Aquion RFIC includes a dual-piston serial pump. The flow rate can be set to

0.00 mL/min or to between 0.05 and 5.00 mL/min. For optimum performance, set the flow rate to between 0.40 and 2.00 mL/min. Setting the flow rate to 0.00 mL/min turns off the pump. For more information, see “Pump” on page 21.

Injection Valve

The injection valve is a 6-port, electrically-activated Rheodyne™ valve. A 25-μL sample loop (P/N 042857) is installed on the valve at the factory. For more information, see “Injection

Valv e” on page 25.

Auxiliary Valve (Optional)

The auxiliary valve is a 2-position, electrically-activated Rheodyne valve. The valve is available in 6-port and 10-port models. For more information, see “Auxiliary Valve (Optional)” on

page 26.

DS6 Heated Conductivity Cell

The flow-through conductivity cell measures the electrical conductance of analyte ions as they pass through the cell. A heat exchanger inside the cell regulates the temperature, which can be set to between 30 and 55 °C. For optimum performance, set the temperature to at least 7 °C above the ambient temperature and 5 °C above the column oven temperature. For more information, see “DS6 Heated Conductivity Cell” on page 10.

Suppressor

The suppressor reduces the eluent conductivity and enhances the conductivity of the sample ions, thereby increasing detection sensitivity. The following suppressors can be used with the Dionex Aquion RFIC:

• Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ DRS™ Dynamically Regenerated Suppressor

• Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ ERS™ 500 Electrolytically Regenerated Suppressor

For more information, see “Suppressor” on page 28.

Separator and Guard Columns

Both the separator and guard columns are packed with resin and perform the separation of the sample ions. The main function of the guard column is to trap contaminants and remove particulates that might damage the separator column.

10 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Column Heater (Optional)

Upper tubing chase

Analog output connector

Waste lines (3)

Main power receptacle

USB connectors

TTL and Relay connector strip

Lower tubing chase

Power switch

Tubing clips

The column heater controls the temperature of the separator and guard columns. The temperature can be set to between 30 and 60 °C; however, it must be set to at least 5 °C above the ambient temperature. For more information, see “Column Heater (Optional)” on

page 27.

Eluent Valve

The eluent valve controls the flow from the eluent reservoir. The eluent valve opens automatically when the pump is started and closes when the pump is turned off. For more information, see “Eluent Valve” on page 21.

Tubing Chases

The upper tubing chase routes tubing from the top cover to the component panel. The lower tubing chase routes tubing from the component panel, through the interior of the system, to the rear panel.

Description

Operating Features

Rear Panel

Figure 6 shows the Dionex Aquion RFIC rear panel.

Figure 6. Dionex Aquion RFIC rear panel

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 11

Description

Operating Features

Analog Output Connector

The analog output connector outputs conductivity data (as a 0 to 1 V signal) to an integrator or recording device. For connection and setup information, refer to the Dionex Aquion RFIC installation instructions.

USB Connectors

The USB receptacle provides a connection to the Chromeleon computer. Two USB ports are available for connecting to other USB devices. For connection instructions, refer to the Dionex Aquion RFIC installation instructions.

TTL and Relay Connector

The TTL and Relay connector strip provides two TTL outputs, two relay outputs, and four TTL inputs. The outputs can be used to control functions in other TTL- or relay-controllable devices. The inputs can be used to switch the injection valve position, turn on the pump, perform an autozero command, and send an event mark to the analog output. For connection instructions, see “TTL and Relay Control” on page 131.

Tubing Chase

The lower tubing chase routes tubing from the rear panel to the component panel.

Tubing Clips

The tubing clips hold tubing routed from the top cover in place.

Power Switch

The power switch provides on/off control of power to the Dionex Aquion RFIC.

Main Power Receptacle

The power supply cord plugs into the AC power receptacle.

CAUTION The power supply cord is used as the main disconnect device. Verify that the socket-outlet is near the Dionex Aquion RFIC and is easily accessible.

MISE EN GARDE Le cordon d'alimentation principal est utilisé comme dispositif principal de débranchement. Veillez à ce que la prise de base soit située/installée près du module et facilement accessible.

12 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

VORSICHT Das Netzkabel ist das wichtigste Mittel zur Stromunterbrechung. Stellen Sie

sicher, daß sich die Steckdose nahe am Gerät befindet und leicht zugänglich ist.

Flow Schematics

• Figure 7 illustrates the liquid flow path when the components required for producing

• Figure 8 illustrates the liquid flow path when the components required for producing

Description

Flow Schematics

KOH, LiOH, NaOH, or MSA eluent are installed. The required components include the corresponding type of Dionex EGC III Eluent Generator Cartridge and a Dionex CR-TC.

carbonate eluent are installed. The required components include a Dionex EGC 500 K

Eluent Generator Cartridge and aThermo Scientific™ Dionex™ EGC 500

2CO3

Carbonate Mixer.

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 13

Description

Flow Schematics

Figure 7. Dionex Aquion RFIC flow schematic: KOH, LiOH, NaOH, or MSA eluent generation

14 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Flow Description for KOH, LiOH, NaOH, or MSA Eluent Generation

11121314151617

See Figure 7 for an illustration of the flow path described below.

Description

Flow Schematics

• Deionized water from the reservoir then through the eluent valve pressure transducer through a pulse damper

, which measures the system pressure. From there, the water flows

, which smooths minor pressure variations from the pump to

 flows first through the pump degas assembly, and

 to the pump . The water is then pushed through the

minimize baseline noise.

• Water then flows into the eluent generator cartridge (Dionex EGC)

, which generates

the programmed concentration of eluent. Eluent exits the cartridge and flows through the Dionex CR-TC tubing assembly

• After sample is loaded into the sample loop

(which traps ionic contaminants), through the Dionex EGC degas

, and on to the injection valve .

 and the injection valve is toggled to the

Inject position, eluent passes through the sample loop.

• The eluent/sample mixture is pumped through the heat exchanger , which heats the mixture to the column heater temperature. The mixture then goes to the guard and separator columns and through the suppressor .

• From the suppressor, the mixture flows through the conductivity cell , where the analytes are detected. A digital signal is sent to Chromeleon software. Analog output can be collected simultaneously.

• The mixture flows out of the conductivity cell and is recycled back into the suppressor , where it is the water source for the regenerant chamber.

• Regenerant waste from the suppressor is directed back to the Dionex CR-TC , and then to the Dionex EGC degas tubing , where any released hydrogen or oxygen gas is removed before it is sent to the gas separator assembly and then to waste .

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 15

Description

Flow Schematics

Figure 8. Dionex Aquion RFIC flow schematic: carbonate eluent generation

16 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Flow Description for Carbonate Eluent Generation

11121314151617

See Figure 8 for an illustration of the flow path described below.

Description

Flow Schematics

• Deionized water from the reservoir then through the eluent valve pressure transducer through a pulse damper minimize baseline noise.

• Water then flows into the eluent generator cartridge (Dionex EGC) the programmed concentration of carbonate eluent. Eluent exits the cartridge and flows through the Dionex EGC degas tubing assembly EGC 500 Carbonate Mixer on to the injection valve

• After sample is loaded into the sample loop Inject position, eluent passes through the sample loop.

• The mixture flows out of the conductivity cell and is recycled back into the suppressor , where it is the water source for the regenerant chamber.

, which measures the system pressure. From there, the water flows

, which smooths minor pressure variations from the pump to

 (to ensure a homogeneous eluent concentration), and then

.

 flows first through the pump degas assembly and

 to the pump. The water is then pushed through the

, which generates

. Eluent then goes to the Dionex

 and the injection valve is toggled to the

• Regenerant waste from the suppressor is directed back to the Dionex EGC degas tubing , where any released hydrogen or oxygen gas is removed before it is sent to the gas separator assembly and then to waste .

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 17

Description

Chromeleon Chromatography Data System

Chromeleon software is used to control the Dionex Aquion RFIC and to acquire and process data. There are two modes of software control:

•With automated control, you create a list of control commands to be executed in chronological order.

•With direct control, you use the controls on the Chromeleon ePanel Set (see Figure 9) to issue commands and enter operating parameters. Direct control commands and parameter settings are executed as soon as they are entered.

The Home ePanel of the Chromeleon ePanel Set includes system status information, a signal plot, and controls for the most commonly used system functions. Click the tabs at the top of the ePanel to access detailed status and control functions for each system component (pump, detector, and so on).

For instructions on how to connect to the ePanel Set, see “Connecting to Chromeleon” on page 35.

Figure 9. Example Chromeleon ePanel Set

If the function to be performed is not available on the ePanel Set, click the Command icon on the Instrument toolbar above the ePanel Set (or press the F8 key) to open the Chromeleon Command window (see Figure 10). From there, you can access all commands available for the system.

18 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Figure 10. Chromeleon Command window

Description

System Component Details

This section provides details about Dionex Aquion RFIC system components, including the vacuum degas assembly (optional), pump, eluent generator, injection valve, column heater (optional), suppressor, and conductivity cell.

Vacuum Degas Assembly (Optional)

The vacuum degas assembly provides online eluent degassing at a user-specified time and duration. The assembly, which must be installed in the Dionex Aquion RFIC at the factory, consists of:

• A single-channel degas chamber (with degas membranes) with internal capacity of 17 mL

• A dual-stage diaphragm vacuum pump

• A solenoid valve

• An on-board vacuum sensor

• The electronics required to operate the vacuum pump

• Tubing, fittings, and other accessories

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 19

Description

System Component Details

 To select the degas operating mode

By default, the Dionex Aquion RFIC monitors the degas pressure reading and turns the degas pump on and off as required. (This is the Monitor mode.) Follow the instructions here to select a different operating mode.

1. Open the Chromeleon Instrument Configuration Manager.

2. Double-click the Aquion IC System icon under the instrument.

3. In the Properties dialog box, click the Options tab (see Figure 11).

Figure 11. Properties dialog box: Options tab page

4. Select the preferred options.

• Always Off: The degas pump is always off.

• Always On: The degas pump is always on.

IMPORTANT Never select the Always On option for routine operation. The Always On option is intended for testing purposes only.

• Cycle: The degas pump cycles on and off. In the On field, specify for how long the degas pump should run during a cycle. In the Off field, specify the time between cycles.

• Monitor: (default mode) The Dionex Aquion RFIC monitors the degas pressure reading and turns the degas pump on and off as required.

20 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Eluent Valve

Description

System Component Details

The eluent valve (see Figure 12) controls the flow from the eluent reservoir. The valve opens automatically when the pump is started and closes when the pump is turned off.

You can also open and close the valve manually, using controls on the Chromeleon ePanel (see

“Chromeleon Chromatography Data System” on page 18). This lets you perform service

procedures on pump components without eluent leaks occurring.

Figure 12. Eluent valve

Pump

Primary Pump Head

The Dionex Aquion RFIC pump is a microprocessor-based eluent delivery system. Its variable speed, dual-piston series design ensures pulse-free pumping for the most demanding applications.

The primary pump head pumps eluent into the secondary pump head (see Figure 13). The check valves, which prevent reverse flow through the pump, are on the bottom (inlet) and top (outlet) of the primary pump head. The priming valve is on the front of the pump head.

To open the priming valve, turn the knob one-quarter to one-half turn counterclockwise. When the priming valve is open, liquid can flow into and out of the primary pump head via the port on the front of the valve.

Note The priming valve must be open when the pump is being primed with a syringe (see

“Priming the Pump (Standard Procedure)” on page 90) or with isopropyl alcohol (see “Priming the Pump with Isopropyl Alcohol” on page 92).

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 21

Secondary

pump head

Waste valve

Pressure

transducer

Outlet check valve

Primary pump head

Priming valve

Inlet check valve

Description

System Component Details

Secondary Pump Head

The secondary pump head delivers eluent to the remainder of the chromatography system (the injection valve, column, and detector). The waste valve is on the front of the secondary pump head (see Figure 13).

To open the waste valve, turn the knob one-quarter to one-half turn counterclockwise. When the waste valve is in the open position, all pump flow is directed to waste.

Note The waste valve must be open when the pump is being primed using the Prime button (see “Priming the Pump (Standard Procedure)” on page 90).

Figure 13. Secondary pump head

Pressure Transducer

Pulse Damper

Flow exiting the secondary pump head is directed to the pressure transducer (see Figure 13), which measures the system pressure.

Pressure readings are displayed on the Chromeleon ePanel. Monitor readings periodically to check that the pumping system is delivering smooth, accurate flow.

The system pressure should remain consistent, with no more than a 3% difference from one pressure reading to the next. High and low pressure limits can be used to stop the pump flow if a limit is exceeded. You can set the pressure limits from either the Chromeleon Instrument Configuration Manager or the ePanel. For instructions on what to do if a pressure limit is exceeded, see “Troubleshooting Error Messages” on page 51.

Flow output from the pressure transducer continues to the pulse damper, which smooths minor pressure variations. From there, flow is directed to the injection valve and then to the remainder of the chromatography system.

22 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Piston Seal Wash

Eluent Generator

Description

System Component Details

The pump includes a piston seal wash assembly that can be set up to continuously rinse the back of the piston seals to remove salt crystals and prolong the life of the seals. To use this feature, an external wash solution must be connected to the system. The wash solution is either ASTM filtered, Type I (18 megohm-cm) deionized water or a combination of deionized water and 10% or 20% isopropyl alcohol. For connection instructions, refer to the Dionex Aquion RFIC installation instructions.

For continued protection of the pump, replace the piston rinse seals and O-rings in the pump housing every 6 months, or whenever you replace the main piston seals (see “Replacing a

Pump Piston Seal and Piston Rinse Seal” on page 78).

The eluent generator produces high-purity eluents online, using only deionized water as the carrier. The eluent generator consists of an eluent generator cartridge (Dionex EGC) for eluent generation, as well as a high-pressure degas tubing assembly for removal of the electrolysis gases created during eluent generation.

Note The waste, gas separator tube (P/N 045460) should be connected to the system waste line during installation. For more information, refer to the Dionex Aquion RFIC installation instructions.

Several eluent generator cartridge types are available for use with the Dionex Aquion RFIC (see Ta b le 3 ). Each cartridge contains 900 mL of the appropriate electrolyte concentrate solution for eluent generation. For more information, refer to the Dionex EGC manual.

Table 3. Dionex EGC cartridges for the Dionex Aquion RFIC

Eluent generator cartridge P/N Description

Dionex EGC III KOH 074532 Generates potassium hydroxide eluent for

anion exchange separations

Dionex EGC III LiOH 074534 Generates lithium hydroxide eluent for

anion exchange separations

Dionex EGC III NaOH 074533 Generates sodium hydroxide eluent for

anion exchange separations

Dionex EGC III MSA 074535 Generates methanesulfonic acid eluent for

cation exchange separations

Dionex EGC 500 K

2CO3

088453 Generates potassium carbonate eluent for

anion exchange separations; requires installation of a Dionex EGC 500 Carbonate Mixer

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 23

Description

System Component Details

Select the concentration of eluent to be generated on the Chromeleon ePanel. The allowable eluent concentration depends on the flow rate, suppressor type, and cartridge type (see

Ta bl e 4 ).

Table 4. Eluent concentration ranges

Eluent generator cartridge Eluent concentration range

Dionex EGC III KOH 0.1 to 100 mM at 0.1 to 1.0 mL/min flow

0.1 to X mM at 1.0 to 3.0 mL/min flow where X = 100/flow in mL/min

Dionex EGC III LiOH 0.1 to 80 mM at 0.1 to £ 1.0 mL/min flow

0.1 to X mM at 1.0 to £ 3.0 mL/min flow where X = 80/flow in mL/min

Dionex EGC III NaOH 0.1 to 100 mM at 0.1 to 1.0 mL/min flow

0.1 to X mM at 1.0 to 3.0 mL/min flow where X = 100/flow in mL/min

Dionex EGC III MSA 0.1 to 100 mM at 0.1 to 1.0 mL/min flow

0.1 to X mM at 1.0 to 3.0 mL/min flow where X = 100/flow in mL/min

Dionex EGC 500 K

2CO3

Eluent Generator Cartridge (Dionex EGC) Holder

The Dionex EGC is installed in a cartridge holder mounted on the top cover of the Dionex Aquion RFIC (see Figure 4). The cartridge holder also houses a high-pressure degas tubing assembly. Tubing and fittings for plumbing the cartridge, degas assembly, and Dionex CR-TC are included with the holder. For more information, refer to the Dionex Aquion RFIC installation instructions.

Backpressure Coil (Optional)

The Dionex EGC requires at least 14 MPa (2000 psi) of system backpressure for removal of electrolysis gas from the eluent produced by the cartridge. A system backpressure of 16 MPa (2300 psi) is ideal.

If the system backpressure is too low, Thermo Fisher Scientific recommends connecting a backpressure coil (P/N 053765) between the injection valve and the Dionex EGC

OUT port. For more information, refer to the Dionex Aquion RFIC installation instructions.

0.1 to 15 mM at 0.1 to 1.0 mL/min flow

0.1 to X mM at 1.0 to 2.0 mL/min flow where X = 15/flow in mL/min

ELUENT

24 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Continuously Regenerated Trap Column (Dionex CR-TC)

To W aste

Sample In

To Co l umn

From Pump

Sample Loop

LOAD POSITION

To W aste

Sample In

From Pump

Sample Loop

INJECT POSITION

To Column

The Dionex CR-TC is a high-pressure electrolytically-regenerated trap column. The column is designed to remove anionic or cationic contaminants in the eluent or deionized water and to reduce drift during gradient separations. The following columns can be used with the Dionex Aquion RFIC:

• CR-ATC Continuously Regenerated Anion Trap Column (P/N 060477)

• CR-CTC II Continuously Regenerated Cation Trap Column (P/N 060262)

For more information, refer to the column manual.

Carbonate Mixer

To ensure a homogeneous eluent concentration, the carbonate eluent generated by the Dionex EGC 500 K to the injection valve. The mixer is included in the following kits:

• Dionex EGC 500 Carbonate Mixer Kit, 2 mm (P/N 088467)

flows through a Dionex EGC 500 Carbonate Mixer before being delivered

2CO3

Description

System Component Details

Injection Valve

• Dionex EGC 500 Carbonate Mixer Kit, 4 mm (P/N 088468)

The injection valve (P/N 057968) is a 6-port, electrically-activated valve. A 25-μL sample loop (P/N 042857) is installed on the valve at the factory.

The valve has two operating positions: Load and Inject (see Figure 14).

Figure 14. Injection valve flow schematics

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 25

Description

System Component Details

Eluent flows through the Load or Inject path, depending on the valve position.

• Load position: Sample is loaded into the sample loop, where it is held until injection. Eluent flows from the pump, through the valve, and to the column, bypassing the sample loop. Sample flows from the syringe or automated sampler line (if installed), through the valve, and into the sample loop. Excess sample flows out to waste.

• Inject position: Sample is swept to the column for analysis. Eluent flows from the pump, through the sample loop, and on to the column, carrying the contents of the sample loop with it. For more information, see “Loading and Injecting Samples” on page 41.

Figure 15 shows the injection valve connections. The injection valve is plumbed at the factory

with all tubing and fittings for connection to the pump, injection port, column, and waste. A 25-μL PEEK™ (polyether ether ketone) sample loop (P/N 042857) is installed between ports

L (1) and L (4). If necessary, replace the pre-installed 25-μL loop with a loop that has a

different sample injection volume. Thermo Fisher Scientific offers sample loops in various sizes.

Figure 15. Injection valve plumbing

Auxiliary Valve (Optional)

The auxiliary valve is a 2-position, electrically-activated, high-pressure Rheodyne valve. The PEEK valve is available in two models: a 6-port valve and a 10-port valve. The auxiliary valve must be installed on-site by Thermo Fisher Scientific field service personnel.

When installed, the valve enables a variety of sample preparation activities, including:

• Online filtration

• Matrix elimination (for example, the removal of high backgrounds of chloride or organic material)

• Concentrator-based techniques

• Conditional injections (large loop/small loop applications where the data system monitors sample concentration and reinjects the sample, using the smaller loop, if the concentration is too high)

26 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

• AutoNeutralization™

• Matrix diversion prior to MS (mass spectrometry) detection

Column Heater (Optional)

The column heater (see Figure 16) provides temperature control for the separator and guard columns.

Figure 16. Column heater

Description

System Component Details

The heater temperature can be set to between 30 °C and 60 °C. The set temperature must be at least 5 °C above the ambient temperature. Setting the temperature to 0 °C turns off the column heater.

A thermistor mounted in the heater block monitors the temperature. If the temperature exceeds 65 °C, the column heater is shut off and an error message is displayed in the Chromeleon audit trail. For troubleshooting guidance, see “Column heater exceeds safe

temperature” on page 51.

The column heater can be installed at the factory or installed on-site by Thermo Fisher Scientific field service personnel.

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 27

Description

System Component Details

Suppressor

The suppressor reduces the eluent conductivity and enhances the conductivity of the sample ions, thereby increasing detection sensitivity. Ta b le 5 lists the suppressors that can be used with the Dionex Aquion RFIC. For details about these suppressors (or guidelines for selecting a suppressor for an application), refer to the suppressor manuals.

Table 5. Thermo Scientific suppressors for the Dionex Aquion RFIC

Part number Suppressor

088667 Dionex ADRS 600 Anion Dynamically Regenerated

Suppressor (2 mm)*

088666 Dionex ADRS 600 Anion Dynamically Regenerated

Suppressor (4 mm)*

088670 Dionex CDRS 600 Cation Dynamically Regenerated

Suppressor (2 mm)*

088668 Dionex CDRS 600 Cation Dynamically Regenerated

Suppressor (4 mm)*

085028 Dionex AERS 500 Carbonate Electrolytically Regenerated

085029 Dionex AERS 500 Carbonate Electrolytically Regenerated

*The Dionex DRS is capable of operation in two power modes: Dynamic mode, which uses constant voltage, and Legacy mode, which uses constant current. However, when installed in the Dionex Aquion RFIC, the Dionex DRS operates in Legacy mode only.

DS6 Heated Conductivity Cell

The flow-through conductivity cell measures the electrical conductance of analyte ions as they pass through the cell. Two passivated 316 stainless steel electrodes are permanently sealed into the PEEK cell body. The cell design provides efficient sweep-out, low volume (1 dispersion. Temperature control and compensation help verify good peak reproducibility and baseline stability.

Temperature Control

Temperature directly affects the conductivity of a solution. For example, laboratory heating and air conditioning systems can cause a regular slow cycling in the baseline. This, in turn, can affect the reproducibility of an analysis. The higher the conductivity, the more pronounced the effect.

Suppressor (2 mm)

Suppressor (4 mm)

μL), and low

28 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

In ion analysis, the effect of temperature variation is minimized by suppressing eluent conductivity. To further reduce the effect of temperature variation, a heater inside the cell regulates the temperature. The cell heater temperature can be set to between 30 °C and 55 °C. The set temperature must be at least 7 °C above the ambient temperature. Setting the cell temperature to 0 °C turns off the cell heater.

Temperature Compensation

Built-in preset temperature compensation of 1.7% per °C helps minimize changes in the baseline or in peak heights when the operating temperature is different from the temperature at which the cell was calibrated.

DS6 Heated Conductivity Cell Components

The CELL IN and CELL OUT fittings on the front cover of the cell are used to connect the cell to the suppressor (see Figure 5). The remaining cell components are mounted behind the component panel.

Description

System Component Details

The cell must be installed at the factory or ordered separately and installed on-site by Thermo Fisher Scientific field service personnel.

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 29

Description

System Component Details

30 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Operation

This chapter describes routine operating and maintenance procedures for the Dionex Aquion RFIC.

Note The instructions in this chapter assume that the initial setup of the Dionex Aquion RFIC (including configuring the system in a Chromeleon instrument) has been completed. If this is not the case, set up the system before proceeding. For more information, refer to the Dionex Aquion RFIC installation instructions.

Contents

• Operation Overview

• Turning On the System Power

• Connecting to Chromeleon

• Setting Up the Eluent Reservoir

• Checking All Connections

• Priming the Pump

• Setting System Operating Conditions

• Equilibrating the System and Verifying Operational Status

• Preparing Samples

• Loading and Injecting Samples

• Processing Samples

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 31

Power up the system

Set up the reservoir

(or RFIC-ER system)

Start Chromeleon

Check all

connections

Prime the pump

Set operating

conditions

Equilibrate the

system

Verify operating

status

Process samples

Prepare samples

Operation

Operation Overview

Figure 17 shows the basic steps for routine operation of the Dionex Aquion RFIC.

Figure 17. System operation overview

32 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Sample Processing Overview

Samples can be run manually (one at a time) or else grouped and run automatically in batches. Figure 18 shows the typical steps for each type of sample processing.

Figure 18. Sample processing overview

Operation

Operation Overview

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 33

Power switch

Operation

Turning On the System Power

 To turn on the power

1. Press the main power switch on the Dionex Aquion RFIC rear panel (see Figure 19).

2. Turn on the power to the computer and the autosampler (if installed).

Figure 19. Dionex Aquion RFIC rear panel

Table 6. Dionex Aquion RFIC power-up conditions

Feature Power-up condition

Pump Off

Injection valve Load position

Cell Reading current value

Suppressor Off*

Cell heater Set to the last value used. When the system is turned on for the

Column oven temperature (optional)

first time, the default is 35 °C.

Set to the last value used. When the system is turned on for the first time, the default s 30 °C.

Eluent generator Off*

Dionex CR-TC Off

* When you start the suppressor or eluent generator, the value used last is restored.

34 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Connecting to Chromeleon

 To start the Chromeleon Instrument Controller Service

On the Windows taskbar, right-click the Chromeleon icon in the system tray and click Start Chromeleon Instrument Controller. The icon changes to to indicate that the Instrument Controller Service is starting. When the Instrument Controller Service is running (idle), the icon changes to gray .

–or–

If the Chromeleon icon is not on the taskbar, click Start > All Programs > Thermo

Chromeleon 7 > Services Manager to open the Services Manager and click Start Instrument Controller.

 To start the Chromeleon client

Click Start > All Programs > Thermo Chromeleon 7 > Chromeleon 7.

Operation

Connecting to Chromeleon

 To display the ePanel Set

1. In the Console, click the Instruments Category Bar.

2. Select the name of the instrument in which the Dionex Aquion RFIC is configured. Chromeleon will connect to the instrument and display the ePanel Set (see Figure 20).

Figure 20. Example Chromeleon ePanel Set

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 35

Operation

Setting Up the Eluent Reservoir

The Dionex Aquion RFIC does not require pressurized reservoirs. However, if eluent is manually degassed or is sensitive to contamination, Thermo Fisher Scientific recommends pressurizing the reservoir with helium or nitrogen.

The air regulator accessory (P/N 060054) required for pressurizing the eluent reservoir must be ordered separately. For more information, refer to the Dionex Aquion RFIC installation instructions.

 To filter the deionized water

Filtering removes small particulates in the deionized water that may contaminate the pump check valves and cause erratic flow rates or loss of prime.

1. Locate the end-line filter (P/N 045987) provided in the Dionex Aquion RFIC Ship Kit (P/N 064375).

2. Install the end-line filter on the end of the deionized water line, inside the reservoir.

3. Verify that the end of the filter extends to the bottom of the reservoir and that the filter is submerged in deionized water. This prevents air from being drawn through the lines.

 To fill the eluent reservoir

Fill the reservoir with ASTM filtered, Type I (18 megohm-cm) deionized water that meets the specifications in “Deionized Water Requirements for IC” on page vi.

IMPORTANT After filling the reservoir, immediately set the eluent fill level in Chromeleon (see below).

 To set the eluent level

1. On the Chromeleon ePanel Set, click the Pump_ECD tab.

2. Under Pump_ECD, drag the Eluent Fill Level slider to the location that corresponds to the current eluent level (see Figure 21).

During operation, Chromeleon determines the eluent usage by monitoring the flow rate and the length of time the pump is on. The eluent fill level volume is updated as the eluent is depleted. If the level falls below 200 mL, a warning message is displayed. The warning is repeated if the level falls to 100 mL and to 0 mL.

IMPORTANT To ensure that the Eluent Fill Level display is accurate, always enter the level immediately after filling the eluent reservoir. The Dionex Aquion RFIC does not automatically detect when the reservoir is filled, nor when it is empty.

36 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Figure 21. Eluent Fill Level display in Chromeleon

 To connect the eluent reservoir

Operation

Checking All Connections

If it is not already connected, connect the the

ELUENT IN line, which extends from the tubing chase on the top cover of the Dionex

Aquion RFIC.

Checking All Connections

1. Make sure the eluent reservoir is filled.

2. Make sure the

ELUENT IN line, which extends from the tubing chase on the top cover of the Dionex

Aquion RFIC.

3. Make sure the Dionex EGC electrical cable (blue) is connected to the

4. Make sure the Dionex CR-TC electrical cable (black) is connected to the connector.

Priming the Pump

IMPORTANT If you changed the eluent—or if the eluent lines are dry—prime the eluent

lines with a syringe (see page 90) before starting this pump priming procedure.

ELUENT BOTTLE OUT line from the reservoir cap to

ELUENT BOTTLE OUT line from the reservoir cap is connected to the

EGC connector.

CR-TC

 To prime the pump

1. Verify that the priming valve on the primary pump head is closed (turned all the way clockwise) (see Figure 22).

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 37

Priming Valve

Waste Valve

Primary Pump Head

Secondary

Pump Head

(open)

(close)

Operation

Setting System Operating Conditions

Figure 22. Priming the pump

2. Open the waste valve on the secondary pump head by turning the knob one-quarter to one-half turn counterclockwise. (Opening the waste valve directs the eluent flow path to waste and eliminates backpressure.)

3. On the Chromeleon ePanel Set, click the Pump_ECD tab.

4. Under Pump_ECD, click the Prime button. The pump will begin pumping at approximately 3 mL/min.

5. Continue priming the pump until all air and previous eluent are purged and no air bubbles are exiting the waste line.

6. Under Pump_ECD, click the Off

7. Close the waste valve. Do not overtighten. The pump is now ready for operation.

Setting System Operating Conditions

This section provides an overview of the steps required to start the system and select the initial system operating parameters. Actual operating parameters (including flow rate, cell heater temperature, and suppressor current) depend on the application you plan to run. For the required settings for your application, refer to the column manual.

Set or verify system operating parameters from the Chromeleon ePanel. Parameters can also be set automatically, by loading a Chromeleon sequence.

Note Clicking the On or Off button on the Chromeleon ePanel starts or stops the pump, suppressor, Dionex EGC, and Dionex CR-TC. Clicking On restores the flow rate, suppressor current, and eluent concentration settings that were in effect when the system was shut down.

button to turn off the pump.

 To set operating conditions

1. Verify that the pump is on and that the flow rate setting is correct.

2. Verify that the suppressor current is on and that the setting is correct.

3. Verify that the Dionex EGC is on and that the eluent concentration setting is correct.

38 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Equilibrating the System and Verifying Operational Status

4. Verify that the Dionex CR-TC is on.

5. Verify that the cell heater temperature is set to the correct value.

6. Verify that the column heater temperature is set to the correct value.

Equilibrating the System and Verifying Operational Status

This section provides an overview of the steps needed to equilibrate the system and verify operational readiness.

Note Equilibration time varies, and it may take some time to reach the expected values.

 To equilibrate the system and verify operational readiness

After setting operating conditions, allow the system to equilibrate. During equilibration, the Chromeleon ePanel displays the background conductivity (the conductivity of the eluent before sample injection) and the system backpressure.

Operation

1. Monitor the background conductivity to be sure that it is appropriate for your application.

2. Click Autozero

on the ePanel to offset the detector background and zero the reading.

3. Monitor the system pressure to be sure that it is at the expected pressure for the installed column and is stable.

• If the pressure is lower than expected, gas may be trapped in the system. To release the gas, remove the pump fitting on port

(P) 2 on the injection valve.

Allow the air to escape, and then reconnect the fitting.

• If the pressure fluctuates by more than about 0.13 MPa (20 psi), prime the pump (see “Priming the Pump (Standard Procedure)” on page 90). If this does not resolve the issue, see “Pump Difficult to Prime or Loses Prime” on page 62 for additional troubleshooting guidance.

• If the pressure is higher than expected, there may be a restriction in the system plumbing. For troubleshooting guidance, see “Pump Difficult to Prime or Loses

Prime” on page 62.

4. Verify that the baseline conductivity is at the expected reading for your application and is stable. In general, the reading should be <30 <2

μS for a system set up for cation analyses.

μS for a system set up for anion analyses and

• If the conductivity is too high, see “High Cell Output” on page 66 for troubleshooting guidance.

• If there is baseline drift or excessive baseline “noise” (large fluctuations in readings), see “Baseline Noise or Drift” on page 67 for troubleshooting guidance.

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 39

Operation

Preparing Samples

5. Verify that the cell heater temperature is at the set point and is stable. The temperature is

at equilibrium when the Set Temperature and Current Temperature readings are the same.

6. If a column heater is installed, verify that the temperature is at the set point and is stable.

The temperature is at equilibrium when the Set Temperature and Current Temperature readings are the same.

The system is now ready for sample processing.

Preparing Samples

This section provides basic information about collecting, storing, and preparing samples for analysis.

Note You can begin preparing samples while the system is equilibrating.

Collecting and Storing Samples

Collect samples in high density polyethylene containers that have been thoroughly cleaned with deionized water. Do not clean containers with strong acids or detergents because these can leave traces of ions on the container walls. The ions may interfere with the analysis.

If samples will not be analyzed on the day they are collected, filter them through clean

0.45 μm filters immediately after collection; otherwise, bacteria in the samples may cause the ionic concentrations to change over time. Refrigerating the samples at 4 reduce, but not eliminate, bacterial growth.

Analyze samples containing nitrite or sulfite as soon as possible. Nitrite oxidizes to nitrate, and sulfite to sulfate, thus increasing the measured concentrations of these ions in the sample. In general, samples that do not contain nitrite or sulfite can be refrigerated for at least one week with no significant changes in anion concentrations.

Pretreating Samples

Analyze rainwater, drinking water, and air particulate leach solutions directly with no sample preparation (other than filtering and possibly diluting).

Filter groundwater and wastewater samples through 0.45 μm filters before injection, unless samples were filtered after collection.

° C (39° F) will

Before injection, pretreat samples that may contain high concentrations of interfering substances by putting them through Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ OnGuard™ cartridges. For instructions, refer to the OnGuard cartridge manual.

40 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Diluting Samples

Operation

Loading and Injecting Samples

Because the concentrations of ionic species in different samples can vary widely from sample to sample, no single dilution factor can be recommended for all samples of one type. In some cases (for example, many water samples), concentrations are so low that dilution is not necessary.

To dilute the sample, use either eluent or ASTM filtered, Type I (18 megohm-cm) deionized water that meets the specifications in “Deionized Water Requirements for IC” on page vi. When using carbonate eluents, diluting with eluent minimizes the effect of the water dip at the beginning of the chromatogram. If you dilute the sample with eluent, also use eluent from the same lot to prepare the calibration standards. This is most important for fluoride and chloride, which elute near the water dip.

To improve the accuracy of early eluting peak determinations, such as fluoride, at concentrations below 50 ppb, dilute standards in eluent or spike the samples with concentrated eluent to minimize the water dip. For example, spike a 100 mL sample with

1.0 mL of a 100 X eluent concentrate.

Loading and Injecting Samples

There are two techniques for loading samples into the sample loop:

• With an autosampler

• With a syringe or vacuum syringe via the injection port on the Dionex Aquion RFIC front door (see Figure 2)

For autosampler injections, the injection port tubing must be disconnected from the Dionex Aquion RFIC injection valve and replaced by the autosampler outlet tubing. Other setup requirements vary, depending on the autosampler model.

Samples can be injected using either the standard injection valve or the optional auxiliary valve (see “Auxiliary Valve (Optional)” on page 26). The injection valve (or auxiliary valve) must be specified as the injection valve and linked to the autosampler in the Chromeleon instrument. For more information, refer to the Chromeleon Help or user’s manual.

Setup for a Dionex AS-DV Autosampler

To use a Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ AS-DV Autosampler, the Dionex Aquion RFIC injection valve (or auxiliary valve) must be specified as the injection valve and linked to the Dionex AS-DV in the Chromeleon instrument. For more information, refer to the Chromeleon Help or user’s manual.

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 41

Operation

Loading and Injecting Samples

Setup for a Dionex AS-AP Autosampler

For setup information for a Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ AS-SP Autosampler, refer to the autosampler manual.

 To load samples with a syringe

1. Verify that the injection port on the Dionex Aquion RFIC front door (see Figure 2) is connected to sample port

Figure 23. Injection valve connections

S (5) on the injection valve (see Figure 23).

2. Fill the 1-cc syringe (P/N 016388) provided in the Dionex Aquion RFIC Ship Kit (P/N 064375) with a calibration standard or sample.

3. Insert the syringe into the injection port on the Dionex Aquion RFIC front door (see

Figure 2).

4. Verify that the injection valve is in the Load position.

5. Overfill the sample loop with several sample loop volumes. Excess sample will exit through the injection valve waste line.

6. Leave the syringe in the port and switch the injection valve to the Inject position (see “To

inject samples” on page 43).

 To load samples with a vacuum syringe

1. Disconnect the waste line from port

W (6) on the injection valve (see Figure 23) and

replace it with a piece of PEEK or PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) tubing that is 25 to 30 cm (10 to 12 in) long.

2. Place the free end of the PEEK or PTFE line into the sample.

3. Verify that the injection valve is in the Load position.

4. Insert the 1-cc syringe (P/N 016388) provided in the Dionex Aquion RFIC Ship Kit (P/N 064375) into the injection port on the Dionex Aquion RFIC front door (see

Figure 2) and pull out the plunger to draw the sample into the injection valve.

5. Switch the injection valve to the Inject position (see “To inject samples” on page 43).

42 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

 To load samples with an autosampler

Operation

Processing Samples

1. Verify that the autosampler output line is connected to sample port

S (5) on the Dionex

Aquion RFIC injection valve.

2. Prepare and fill the sample vials and place them in the autosampler tray or cassette. For detailed instructions, refer to the autosampler manual.

3. The sample loading process depends on the autosampler model. In general, one of the following steps is required (for details, refer to the autosampler manual):

• Include the commands for controlling sample loading in a Chromeleon method. For details, refer to the Chromeleon Help or user manual.

• Enter the commands for loading the sample on the autosampler front panel.

4. Switch the injection valve to the Inject position (see “To inject samples” on page 43).

 To inject samples

After loading the sample in the sample loop, use one of the following methods to switch the injection valve to the Inject position.

• Manually: Click the Inject button on the Chromeleon ePanel (see “Example Chromeleon

ePanel Set” on page 35).

• Automatically: Include an Inject command in a Chromeleon method. For details, refer to the Chromeleon Help or user manual.

Processing Samples

There are two options for processing samples:

• Run samples manually, one at a time (see “Manual Sample Processing” on page 43).

• Group samples and run them automatically, in batches (see “Automated (Batch) Sample

Processing” on page 44).

Manual Sample Processing

To process samples manually, select operating parameters and commands from the Chromeleon ePanel. Commands are executed as soon as they are entered.

1. Complete the instructions in “Turning On the System Power” on page 34 through

“Equilibrating the System and Verifying Operational Status” on page 39 to prepare the

Dionex Aquion RFIC for operation and to prepare the sample for processing.

2. Load the sample, using a syringe, vacuum syringe, or autosampler (see“Loading and

Injecting Samples” on page 41).

3. On the Chromeleon ePanel, click the Autozero

button.

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 43

Operation

Processing Samples

4. Inject the sample (see “To inject samples” on page 43). The signal plot is displayed on the ePanel.

5. Monitor the chromatogram. When sample data has been collected, click the Monitor Baseline button on the Instrument toolbar above the ePanel Set.

 To save data from a manual run

Data from manual processing is saved in the manual sequence under the instrument folder in the local data vault.

1. Select the manual folder and click File > Save As.

2. Enter a new name for the sequence.

3. Select the Save raw data

4. Click Save.

Automated (Batch) Sample Processing

Note This section provides a brief overview of the steps required to perform sample

analyses using Chromeleon. For detailed instructions, refer to the Chromeleon Help.

To process samples automatically, first add sample injections to a Chromeleon sequence. (A sequence determines how a group of injections will be analyzed and the order in which they will be run.) For each injection, a sequence typically includes the following elements:

•An instrument method—A predefined list of commands and parameters for controlling

the system and acquiring sample data.

• The chromatographic data acquired.

•A processing method—A predefined set of instructions for evaluating the acquired data.

• Templates for displaying chromatographic data on the screen and for printing reports.

There are two ways to create a sequence in Chromeleon:

check box.

• eWorkflows provide predefined templates and rules for creating new sequences. If they have been defined for your laboratory, eWorkflows are the preferred method for creating a new sequence.

• The Sequence Wizard provides a series of dialog boxes that guide you through the process of creating a sequence.

After creating the sequence, you are ready to start batch processing.

1. Complete the instructions in “Turning On the System Power” on page 34 through

“Equilibrating the System and Verifying Operational Status” on page 39 to prepare the

Dionex Aquion RFIC for operation and to prepare the sample for processing.

44 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Operation

Processing Samples

2. If an autosampler is installed: Prepare and fill the sample vials, and then place them in the autosampler tray or cassette. For detailed instructions, refer to the autosampler manual.

If an autosampler is not installed: Load the sample into the injection valve sample loop through the sample port on the Dionex Aquion RFIC front door (see “To load samples

with a syringe” on page 42).

3. Load the sequence into a queue and start the run. Chromeleon performs a Ready Check to verify that the instrument is ready for operation and that the instrument methods specified in the sequence are error-free. If the Ready Check passes (and if another sequence is not currently running), the sequence is started.

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 45

Operation

Processing Samples

46 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Maintenance

This chapter describes routine maintenance procedures for the Dionex Aquion RFIC that users can perform. All other maintenance procedures must be performed by Thermo Fisher Scientific personnel.

Daily Maintenance

• Check the Dionex Aquion RFIC component panel (see Figure 5) for leaks or spills. Wipe up spills. Isolate and repair leaks (see “Liquid Leaks” on page 60). Rinse off any dried eluent with deionized water.

• Check the eluent reservoir. When necessary, refill the reservoir with ASTM filtered, Type I (18 megohm-cm) deionized water that meets the specifications listed in “Deionized

Water Requirements for IC” on page vi.

• Check the waste container and empty when needed.

Weekly Maintenance

• Check for crimps or discoloration in the fluid lines. Replace any pinched lines. Replace damaged lines.

• Check for evidence of liquid leaks in the junctions between the pump heads and the pump casting. If the piston seal wash tubing is not connected, check for evidence of moisture in the drain tubes at the rear of the pump heads. Normal friction and wear may gradually result in small liquid leaks around the piston seal. If unchecked, these leaks can gradually contaminate the piston housing, causing the pump to operate poorly. If leaks occur, replace the piston seals (see “Replacing a Pump Piston Seal and Piston Rinse Seal” on page 78).

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 47

Maintenance

Semiannual Maintenance

• Check the end-line filter (P/N 045987) on the deionized water line for discoloration or bacterial buildup, and change if needed. When new, end-line filters are pure white. If the system is in continuous operation, change the end-line filter weekly (or whenever it becomes discolored). Replace the filter more often if bacterial buildup is visible or if the eluent does not contain solvent.

IMPORTANT It is especially important to replace end-line filters regularly when using aqueous eluents, which may contaminate the filter with bacteria or algae. The bacterial buildup may not be visible.

Semiannual Maintenance

• Replace the pump piston rinse seals and piston seals (see “Replacing a Pump Piston Seal

and Piston Rinse Seal” on page 78).

Annual Maintenance

• Thermo Fisher Scientific recommends performing preventive maintenance of the Dionex Aquion RFIC annually, as well as before any scheduled Performance Qualification tests. The Dionex Aquion RFIC Preventive Maintenance Kit (P/N 057954) includes replacement parts and instructions.

• Rebuild the auxiliary valve, if installed (see “Rebuilding the Injection Valve or Auxiliary

Valv e” on page 74).

• If a Dionex AS-AP Autosampler is installed, perform the recommended annual preventive maintenance procedure. The Dionex AS-AP Preventive Maintenance Kit (P/N 075000) includes replacement parts and instructions.

• If a Dionex AS-DV Autosampler is installed, perform the recommended annual preventive maintenance procedure. The Dionex AS-DV Preventive Maintenance Kit (P/N 60-065335) includes replacement parts and instructions.

48 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Troubleshooting

This chapter is a guide to troubleshooting issues that may arise during operation of the Dionex Aquion RFIC.

If you are unable to resolve a problem by following the instructions here, contact Technical Support for Dionex products. In the U.S. and Canada, call 1-800-532-4752. Outside the U.S. and Canada, call the nearest Thermo Fisher Scientific office.

Contents

• Error Messages

• Troubleshooting Error Messages

• Troubleshooting System Component Symptoms

Note An interactive troubleshooting guide is available in Chromeleon. To access the

guide, click Troubleshooting and Diagnostics on the Instrument toolbar above the ePanel Set and select Pump_ECD Device Troubleshooting.

Error Messages

The instrument control firmware installed in the Dionex Aquion RFIC periodically checks the status of certain parameters. If a problem is detected, it is reported to Chromeleon and logged in the software audit trail. Each error message is preceded by an icon that identifies the seriousness of the underlying problem (see Ta b le 7 ).

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 49

Troubleshooting

Error Messages

Table 7. Chromeleon audit trail severity levels

Severity level Icon Description

Warning A message is displayed in the audit trail. If the system is

not running, it can be started; if a run is in progress, the run is not interrupted. Nevertheless, you should always attempt to remedy the situation.

Error A message is displayed in the audit trail or the Ready

Check results, and the system attempts to correct the problem (sometimes by using an alternative parameter). If a run is in progress, the run is not interrupted. If the Ready Check is in progress, the queue is not started until the error is resolved.

Abort A message is displayed in the audit trail and the

running queue is aborted.

Ta bl e 8 lists the most frequently observed Dionex Aquion RFIC error message and their

default severity levels. For troubleshooting guidance, refer to the page indicated in the table.

Table 8. Chromeleon audit trail error messages

Error message

Default severity level

Column heater exceeds safe temperature Abort

Column heater open circuit Abort

Column heater short circuit Abort

CR-TC over current Warning

CR-TC stopped for zero flow Abort

EGC board not present Warning

EGC calibration error Abort

EGC disconnected error Abort

EGC invalid concentration vs. flow rate Warning

EGC invalid flow rate Warning

EGC over current Abort

EGC over voltage Abort

Hardware not present Error

See

page 51

page 52

page 53

page 54

page 55

Leak sensor wet Warning

Load/Inject valve error Abort

Option not installed Error

50 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

page 55

page 56

Table 8. Chromeleon audit trail error messages, continued

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting Error Messages

Error message

Pump motor lost control Warning

Pump over pressure Abort

Pump pressure hardware error Abort

Pump stopped due to lost USB communication error Abort

Pump under pressure Abort

Second valve error Abort

Suppressor not connected Warning

Suppressor over current Abort

Suppressor over power Abort

Suppressor over voltage Abort

Suppressor stopped for zero flow rate Warning

Troubleshooting Error Messages

Default severity level

See

page 56

page 57

page 58

page 59

Column heater exceeds safe temperature

This error occurs when the column heater temperature is higher than the maximum temperature allowed. This may occur, for example, if the Dionex Aquion RFIC is operating in an environment in which the temperature exceeds 40

 To troubleshoot

For environmental specifications, see “Physical specifications” on page 129.

Column heater open circuit

This error usually indicates that the column heater is unplugged from the Dionex Aquion RFIC component panel.

 To troubleshoot

1. Verify that the column heater is plugged into the component panel (see Figure 5).

2. If the error persists, the column heater must be replaced. Contact Technical Support for Dionex products for assistance.

°C (104 °F).

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 51

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting Error Messages

Column heater short circuit

CR-TC over current

This error indicates a short circuit of the thermistor input used to measure the column heater temperature.

 To troubleshoot

If the error persists, the column heater must be replaced. Contact Technical Support for Dionex products for assistance.

This error occurs when the current applied to the Dionex CR-TC exceeds the maximum current allowed.

 To troubleshoot

1. Verify that the Dionex CR-TC cable is securely plugged in to the Dionex Aquion RFIC top cover (see Figure 4).

2. If the error persists, it indicates a possible malfunction in the Dionex CR-TC control electronics. Contact Technical Support for Dionex products for assistance.

Note Dionex Aquion RFIC electronics components cannot be serviced by the user.

CR-TC stopped for zero flow

This error occurs when the pump stops unexpectedly.

 To troubleshoot

Follow the troubleshooting steps in “No Flow” on page 63.

Note If this message appears when you turn off the pump flow while the Dionex CR-TC (and the Dionex EGC current) are on, it does not indicate a problem. In this situation, the Dionex CR-TC is turned off automatically to prevent it from being damaged.

EGC board not present

This error occurs when the Dionex Aquion RFIC receives a Dionex EGC-related command from Chromeleon but is unable to recognize the Dionex EGC controller board.

CR-TC connector on the

 To troubleshoot

Contact Technical Support for Dionex products for assistance.

Note Dionex Aquion RFIC electronics components cannot be serviced by the user.

52 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

EGC calibration error

This error occurs when the measured current during the Dionex EGC calibration procedure is outside the expected range. (Note that the calibration procedure must be performed by Thermo Fisher Scientific personnel.)

 To troubleshoot

1. Review the calibration procedure to verify that the Dionex Aquion RFIC was set up correctly.

2. Run the calibration again.

EGC disconnected error

This error occurs if the Dionex EGC is disconnected from the Dionex Aquion RFIC at the following times:

• When Chromeleon is attempting to send a Dionex EGC-related command to the system.

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting Error Messages

• When the Dionex EGC verification test is in progress. (Note that the verification test must be performed by Thermo Fisher Scientific personnel.)

 To troubleshoot

1. Verify that the Dionex EGC cable is securely connected to the Dionex Aquion RFIC top cover (see Figure 4).

2. If the error message appears again, it may indicate a malfunction in the Dionex EGC control electronics. Contact Technical Support for Dionex products for assistance.

Note Dionex Aquion RFIC electronics components cannot be serviced by the user.

EGC invalid concentration vs. flow rate

This error occurs when the selected eluent concentration is too high for the current flow rate. The maximum eluent concentration for a particular application depends on the suppressor type, the Dionex EGC type, and the flow rate.

 To troubleshoot

1. Refer to the column manual for the recommended parameters for your application.

2. Reset the eluent concentration and/or the flow rate to the recommended values.

EGC connector on the

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 53

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting Error Messages

EGC invalid flow rate

EGC over current

This error occurs when the flow rate is set to a value that is not supported by the Dionex EGC.

 To troubleshoot

Set the flow rate to a value within the allowed range (see “Specifications” on page 125).

This error occurs when the current applied to the Dionex EGC exceeds the maximum allowable current. (Under these conditions, the Dionex EGC is turned off automatically to prevent damage.)

This error may also occur if liquid flow to the cartridge is interrupted.

 To troubleshoot

EGC over voltage

1. If there is no flow from the pump, follow the troubleshooting steps in “No Flow” on

page 63.

2. If the error message appears again, it may indicate a malfunction in the Dionex EGC control electronics. Contact Technical Support for Dionex products for assistance.

Note Dionex Aquion RFIC electronics components cannot be serviced by the user.

This error occurs when the voltage applied to the Dionex EGC exceeds the maximum allowable voltage. (Under these conditions, the Dionex EGC is turned off automatically to prevent damage.)

This error may also occur when liquid flow to the Dionex EGC is interrupted.

 To troubleshoot

1. If there is no flow from the pump, follow the troubleshooting steps in “No Flow” on

page 63.

2. If the error message appears again, it may indicate a malfunction in the Dionex EGC control electronics. Contact Technical Support for Dionex products for assistance.

Note Dionex Aquion RFIC electronics components cannot be serviced by the user.

54 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Hardware not present

This error indicates a problem in the Dionex Aquion RFIC electronics.

 To troubleshoot

Contact Technical Support for Dionex products for assistance.

Note Dionex Aquion RFIC electronics components cannot be serviced by the user.

Leak sensor wet

This error occurs when liquid accumulates in the drip tray at the bottom of the Dionex Aquion RFIC component panel, where the leak sensor is located (see Figure 5).

 To troubleshoot

1. Locate the source of the leak by visually inspecting the tubing, fittings, and components

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting Error Messages

on the component panel. For detailed troubleshooting of various types of leaks, see

“Liquid Leaks” on page 60.

2. Tighten fittings, or replace tubing and fittings as required (see “Replacing Tubing and

3. Dry the drip tray and leak sensor thoroughly.

Load/Inject valve error

This error occurs if the injection valve fails to switch position within 1 second of being toggled.

 To troubleshoot

1. If a sequence is running, click Stop on the Chromeleon ePanel to cancel the current

2. Try to toggle the valve from LoadPosition to InjectPosition by clicking the down arrow

3. Turn off the Dionex Aquion RFIC power briefly, and then restart the system.

Fittings” on page 73).

Note After eliminating the source of a leak, always dry the drip tray and the leak sensor thoroughly. If the leak sensor is not dry, it will remain activated and will continue to report a leak to Chromeleon.

injection and stop the sequence.

next to Inject on the Home ePanel.

4. If the problem persists, repeat Step 2.

5. If the problem persists, contact Technical Support for Dionex products for assistance.

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 55

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting Error Messages

Option not installed

Pump motor lost control

This error occurs if a command is issued to control an option that has not been installed (or if the option has been installed, but has not been configured in Chromeleon).

 To troubleshoot

1. Verify that the option is installed.

2. In the Chromeleon Instrument Configuration Manager, configure the option in the same instrument as the Dionex Aquion RFIC.

This error indicates a problem in the pump controller electronics.

 To troubleshoot

Contact Technical Support for Dionex products for assistance.

Note Dionex Aquion RFIC electronics components cannot be serviced by the user.

Pump over pressure

If the system pressure exceeds the set limit for at least 0.5 second, this error occurs and the pump stops.

 To troubleshoot

1. Check for blockages in the liquid lines by working backward from the cell to the pump (see “Flow Schematics” on page 13).

2. Verify that the flow rate is set to the correct value.

3. Verify that the high pressure limit is set to the correct value. If necessary, reset the pressure limit in either the Chromeleon Instrument Configuration Manager or the instrument method.

4. Restart the pump.

Pump pressure hardware error

This error indicates a problem in the pump controller electronics.

 To troubleshoot

Contact Technical Support for Dionex products for assistance.

Note Dionex Aquion RFIC electronics components cannot be serviced by the user.

56 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Pump stopped due to lost USB communication error

This error occurs when the Dionex Aquion RFIC is unable to communicate with Chromeleon.

 To troubleshoot

Verify that the USB cable is connected correctly from the Dionex Aquion RFIC rear panel to the computer on which Chromeleon is installed. RFIC installation instructions.

Pump under pressure

If the system pressure falls below the low pressure limit, this error occurs and the pump stops.

 To troubleshoot

1. Verify that the eluent reservoir is filled with ASTM filtered, Type I (18 megohm-cm) deionized water that meets the specifications listed in “Deionized Water Requirements for

IC” on page vi.

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting Error Messages

For details, refer to the Dionex Aquion

Second valve error

2. Check for liquid leaks (see“Liquid Leaks” on page 60).

3. Verify that the waste valve is closed (see Figure 13).

4. Prime the pump (see “Priming the Pump (Standard Procedure)” on page 90).

5. Restart the pump.

This error occurs if the auxiliary valve fails to switch position within 1 second of being toggled.

 To troubleshoot

1. If a sequence is running, click Stop on the Chromeleon ePanel to cancel the current injection and stop the sequence.

2. Try to toggle the auxiliary valve from position A to position B by clicking the down arrow beside the Valve 2 button on the Chromeleon ePanel.

3. Turn off the Dionex Aquion RFIC power briefly, and then restart the system.

4. If the problem persists, repeat Step 2.

5. If the problem persists, contact Technical Support for Dionex products for assistance.

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 57

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting Error Messages

Suppressor not connected

Suppressor over current

This error occurs if you turn on the suppressor but the Dionex Aquion RFIC cannot establish a connection with it.

 To troubleshoot

1. Check the suppressor cable connection (see “Replacing the Suppressor” on page 85).

2. If the error persists, it may indicate a problem in the suppressor controller electronics. Contact Technical Support for Dionex products for assistance.

Note Dionex Aquion RFIC electronics components cannot be serviced by the user.

This error indicates that the suppressor is depleted or dirty.

 To troubleshoot

1. Follow the instructions in the suppressor manual to regenerate the suppressor.

2. Follow the instructions in the suppressor manual to clean the suppressor.

3. If the error persists, it may indicate a malfunction in the suppressor controller electronics. Contact Technical Support for Dionex products for assistance.

Note Dionex Aquion RFIC electronics components cannot be serviced by the user.

Suppressor over power

This error occurs when, to maintain the selected current, the Dionex Aquion RFIC is required to apply a higher voltage than the suppressor can support.

 To troubleshoot

1. Reduce the flow rate.

2. Follow the instructions in the suppressor manual to rehydrate the suppressor.

3. If the error persists, replace the suppressor (see “Replacing the Suppressor” on page 85).

Suppressor over voltage

This error occurs if you turn on the suppressor and the system cannot establish a connection with the suppressor.

 To troubleshoot

1. Check the suppressor cable connection (see “Replacing the Suppressor” on page 85).

2. If the error persists, replace the suppressor (see “Replacing the Suppressor” on page 85).

58 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Suppressor stopped for zero flow rate

This error occurs if the pump flow stops unexpectedly while the suppressor is on.

 To troubleshoot

Follow the troubleshooting steps in “No Flow” on page 63.

Note If this message appears when you turn off the pump flow while the suppressor is on, it does not indicate a problem. In this situation, the suppressor is turned off automatically to prevent it from being damaged.

Troubleshooting System Component Symptoms

Ta bl e 9 lists symptoms related to problems with system components that may occur during

operation of the Dionex Aquion RFIC.

Table 9. System component symptoms

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting System Component Symptoms

Symptom category Symptom See

Leaks Liquid Leaks page 60

Pump Pump Difficult to Prime or Loses Prime page 62

Pump Does Not Start page 63

Pressure No Flow page 63

Erratic Flow and/or Pressure Reading page 64

Excessive System Backpressure page 64

Ghosting Peak Ghosting page 65

Timing Insufficient Time Between Sample Injections page 65

Nonreproducible Peak Height or Retention

page 65

Time

Abnormal Retention Time or Selectivity page 66

Cell No Cell Response page 66

High Cell Output page 66

Baseline noise or drift Baseline Noise or Drift page 67

Hardware Hardware Not Present page 68

Sensor Leak Sensor Wet page 68

Degas assembly Vacuum Degas Assembly Does Not Run page 68

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 59

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting System Component Symptoms

Liquid Leaks

Note After eliminating the source of a leak, always dry the drip tray and the leak sensor

thoroughly. If the leak sensor is not dry, it will remain activated and will continue to report a leak to Chromeleon.

 To troubleshoot

1. Locate the source of the leak by visually inspecting the tubing, fittings, and components. To check for smaller leaks, use a paper towel or KIMWIPE™

to dab fittings.

2. Make sure liquid lines are not crimped or otherwise blocked. Make sure waste lines are not elevated at any point after they exit the system. If a line is blocked, replace it (see

“Replacing Tubing and Fittings” on page 73).

3. See the sections below for specific troubleshooting information for various components.

Source of leak Solution

Fitting or broken liquid line

Tighten the fitting, or replace tubing and fittings as required (see “Replacing Tubing and Fittings” on page 73).

Pump check valve 1. Verify that the check valves are firmly seated in the pump

head. If necessary, tighten them carefully with an open-end wrench just until the leak stops.

2. If the leak persists, replace the check valve (see “Cleaning

and Replacing the Pump Check Valves” on page 76).

Seal wash port Replace the piston seal (see “Replacing a Pump Piston Seal

and Piston Rinse Seal” on page 78).

Pump piston seal 1. Replace the piston seal (see “Replacing a Pump Piston Seal

and Piston Rinse Seal” on page 78).

2. If the leak persists, replace the piston (see “Replacing a

Pump Piston” on page 83).

Pump head Carefully tighten the pump head mounting nuts just until the

leak stops. Do not overtighten!

Pressure transducer 1. Verify that the liquid line connections to the pressure

transducer are tight. For tightening requirements, refer to Installation of Dionex Liquid Line Fittings (Document No.

031432).

2. If the leak persists, contact Technical Support for Dionex products for assistance.

Note Dionex Aquion RFIC electronics components cannot be serviced by the user.

60 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting System Component Symptoms

Source of leak Solution

Pump head waste valve 1. Verify that the waste valve is closed. To close the valve,

turn the knob clockwise and tighten finger-tight. Do not

overtighten! Overtightening may damage the valve and the pump head.

2. If the leak persists, replace the waste valve O-ring (see

“Replacing the Waste Valve or Priming Valve O-Ring” on page 83).

Suppressor Refer to the suppressor manual for troubleshooting guidance.

Injection valve or auxiliary valve

1. Verify that the liquid line connections to the transducer are tight. For tightening requirements, refer to Installation of Dionex Liquid Line Fittings (Document No. 031432).

2. If the leak is from behind the valve stator, the rotor seal may be scratched. Rebuild the valve (see “Rebuilding the

Injection Valve or Auxiliary Valve” on page 74).

Conductivity cell 1. Check for blockage in the waste line; trapped particles can

plug the lines and cause a restriction and/or leak. If necessary, clear the waste lines by reversing the direction of flow.

2. Verify that the plumbing downstream from the cell is clear; a blockage may overpressurize the cell, causing a leak.

3. If the leak persists, contact Technical Support for Dionex products for assistance.

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 61

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting System Component Symptoms

Pump Difficult to Prime or Loses Prime

Excessive pressure fluctuations (more than 3% difference from one pressure reading to the next) indicate that the pump is out of prime.

Possible cause Solution

Empty eluent reservoir and/or no eluent connected

1. Verify that the reservoir is filled with ASTM filtered, Type I (18 megohm-cm) deionized water (for specifications, see

“Deionized Water Requirements for IC” on page vi).

2. Verify that all connections are secure.

Eluent improperly or insufficiently degassed

If the optional vacuum degas assembly is installed: Check the degas settings in the Properties dialog box (see “Vacuum

Degas Assembly Does Not Run” on page 68).

If the vacuum degas assembly is not installed: Manually degas the eluent.

End-line filter dirty or clogged

New end-line filters (P/N 045987) are pure white. If the system is in continuous operation, change the end-line filter weekly (or whenever it becomes discolored). Replace the filter more often if bacterial buildup is visible or if the eluent does not contain solvent.

Blockage in inlet tubing Check for kinked or clogged tubing, which may be causing the

pump to be “starved” for eluent. If necessary, replace the tubing and fittings (see “Replacing Tubing and Fittings” on

page 73).

Dirty pump check valve Clean or replace the check valve (see “Cleaning and Replacing

the Pump Check Valves” on page 76).

Liquid leaks at junction between pump head and pump casting

1. Using the open-end wrench (P/N 014605) provided in the Dionex Aquion RFIC Ship Kit (P/N 064375), tighten the two acorn nuts that attach the pump head to the pump housing (see Figure 28). Tighten the nuts evenly (12 in-lb torque).

2. If the leak persists, replace the piston seal (see “Replacing a

Pump Piston Seal and Piston Rinse Seal” on page 78).

62 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Possible cause Solution

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting System Component Symptoms

Liquid leaks from seal wash port

Scratched pump piston Inspect the pump pistons. If a piston is scratched, replace it

Pump Does Not Start

Possible cause Solution

No power (Power LED not lighted)

No communication between Dionex Aquion RFIC and Chromeleon

Pump turned off Turn on the pump from the Chromeleon ePanel.

Flow rate set to 0 Set the flow rate from the Chromeleon ePanel.

No Flow

Replace the piston seal (see “Replacing a Pump Piston Seal

and Piston Rinse Seal” on page 78).

(see “Replacing a Pump Piston” on page 83).

1. Verify that the power cord is plugged in.

2. Replace the main power fuses, if necessary (see “Replacing

the Dionex EGC” on page 93).

Verify that the USB cable is connected correctly.

For

connection and setup information, refer to the Dionex Aquion RFIC installation instructions.

Possible cause Solution

Pump waste or priming valve open

Close the valve by turning the valve knob clockwise until finger-tight (see Figure 35). Do not overtighten!

Overtightening may damage the valve and the pump head.

Flow rate set to 0 Set the flow rate from the Chromeleon ePanel.

Eluent valve closed Turn on the pump from the Chromeleon ePanel. The eluent

valve opens automatically when the pump is started (and closes when the pump is turned off).

Pump not primed Prime the pump (see “Priming the Pump (Standard

Procedure)” on page 90).

Broken pump piston Replace the piston (see “Replacing a Pump Piston” on

page 83).

Eluent generator degas tubing assembly ruptured

Replace the Dionex EGC (see “Replacing the Dionex EGC” on page 93).

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 63

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting System Component Symptoms

Erratic Flow and/or Pressure Reading

Possible cause Solution

Pump not primed Prime the pump (see “Priming the Pump (Standard

Damaged piston seal Replace the piston seal (see “Replacing a Pump Piston Seal

Dirty pump check valve Clean or replace the check valve (see “Cleaning and Replacing

Procedure)” on page 90).

and Piston Rinse Seal” on page 78).

the Pump Check Valves” on page 76).

Leaking liquid line or fitting

Excessive System Backpressure

Possible cause Solution

Restriction in system plumbing

Plugged or damaged fitting To isolate the faulty fitting, loosen each fitting until the

Flow rate through columns too high

Clogged column bed supports

Check for small leaks in the liquid lines and fittings. Tighten leaking fittings, or replace tubing and fittings as required (see

“Replacing Tubing and Fittings” on page 73).

Check all liquid lines for crimping or blockage. Make sure the ferrule fittings are not overtightened onto tubing. For details, refer to Installation of Dionex Liquid Line Fittings (Document No. 031432).

If you have trouble isolating the restriction, see “Isolating a

Restriction in the Liquid Lines” on page 72.

pressure returns to normal. Repair or replace the fitting (see

“Replacing Tubing and Fittings” on page 73).

Set the correct flow rate for your application.

Refer to the column manual for troubleshooting guidance.

Contaminated columns Clean the columns as instructed in the column manual or

replace the guard column.

Plugged injection valve or auxiliary valve passages

64 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Rebuild the valve (see “Rebuilding the Injection Valve or

Auxiliary Valve” on page 74).

Peak Ghosting

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting System Component Symptoms

“Ghosting” is the appearance of extraneous peaks in a chromatogram. These may be late-eluting peaks from a previous injection, or they may be the result of an operating issue (for example, contaminated eluent or a malfunctioning valve). These peaks may co-elute with peaks of interest, resulting in nonreproducible peak heights and/or areas.

Possible cause Solution

Insufficient time between sample injections

Insufficient flush between samples

Incorrect or contaminated

Wait until the previous sample has been completely eluted before making another injection.

Flush the sample loop with at least 10 loop volumes of deionized water or sample between injections.

Remake standards.

standards

Incorrect or contaminated eluent

1. Remake the eluent.

2. Verify that the correct eluent concentration is selected.

3. Install an end-line filter (P/N 045987) on the end of the deionized water line, or replace the existing filter (see “To

filter the deionized water” on page 36).

Malfunctioning injection valve or auxiliary valve

1. Rebuild the valve (see “Rebuilding the Injection Valve or

Auxiliary Valve” on page 74).

2. If the valve leak persists, contact Technical Support for Dionex products for assistance.

Nonreproducible Peak Height or Retention Time

Possible cause Solution

Column overloading Dilute the sample (see “Diluting Samples” on page 41).

Liquid leak Locate and eliminate any leaks (see “Liquid Leaks” on

page 60).

Incomplete or imprecise filling of sample loop

1. Fill the sample loop until excess sample exits the waste line.

2. Inspect the 1-cc syringe (P/N 016388) for damage. If necessary, replace the syringe.

Pump not primed properly Prime the pump (see “Priming the Pump (Standard

Procedure)” on page 90).

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 65

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting System Component Symptoms

Abnormal Retention Time or Selectivity

Possible cause Solution

Incorrect eluent Verify that the correct eluent concentration is selected.

No Cell Response

High Cell Output

Contaminated or degraded sample

Contaminated column 1. Clean the column as instructed in the column manual.

Possible cause Solution

Cell incorrectly installed Verify that the cell front cover is flush against the component

No flow from pump This condition has several possible causes; for more

Possible cause Solution

Take appropriate precautions when preparing and storing samples (see “Preparing Samples” on page 40).

2. If the problem persists, replace the column.

panel. If necessary, tighten the two mounting screws. (This ensures an electrical connection between the cell and the connector inside the Dionex Aquion RFIC.)

information, see “Pump Does Not Start” on page 63 and “No

Flow” on page 63.

Background not suppressed by suppressor

Sample concentration too high

Wrong eluent Check the column manual to verify that you are using the

Background conductivity not offset from conductivity reading

66 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Verify that the suppressor is turned on and that the current is set to the correct value. For additional troubleshooting guidance, refer to the suppressor manual.

Dilute the sample (see “Diluting Samples” on page 41).

correct eluent for your application.

Before making an injection: Allow the background conductivity to equilibrate, and then click Autozero on the Chromeleon ePanel.

Baseline Noise or Drift

Possible cause Solution

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting System Component Symptoms

Flow system leak; erratic baseline

Check for leaks in all fittings and liquid lines. Tighten or, if necessary, replace all liquid line connections (see “Replacing

Tubing and Fittings” on page 73).

Trapped gases Loosen the lines to and from the cell, and then retighten them.

Next, loosen and retighten the fittings to and from the suppressor eluent ports.

Pump not properly primed Prime the pump (see “Priming the Pump (Standard

Procedure)” on page 90).

Incorrect eluent Check the Dionex EGC concentration setting.

Inadequate system backpressure

A system backpressure of at least 14 MPa (2000 psi) is required to ensure removal of electrolysis gas from the eluent produced by the Dionex EGC.

If the backpressure is too low, install backpressure tubing (P/N 053765) between port the Dionex EGC

ELUENT OUT port. For details, refer to the

P (2) on the injection valve and

Dionex Aquion RFIC installation instructions.

Rapid changes in ambient temperature

1. Verify that the ambient temperature is between 4 and 40 °C (40 and 104 °F).

2. Make sure air conditioning and heating vents are directed away from the Dionex Aquion RFIC, and that the front door of the system is closed.

Insufficient system equilibration after changes

Allow a longer system equilibration time (up to 2 hours)

before starting operation. to operating parameters (especially apparent when operating at high sensitivities)

Incorrect suppressor

Refer to the suppressor manual for troubleshooting guidance. operating conditions

Cell above or below

Contact Technical Support for Dionex products for assistance. temperature

Damaged piston seal Replace the piston seal (see “Replacing a Pump Piston Seal

and Piston Rinse Seal” on page 78).

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 67

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting System Component Symptoms

Hardware Not Present

This error indicates a problem in the Dionex Aquion RFIC electronics.

 To troubleshoot

Contact Technical Support for Dionex products for assistance.

Note Dionex Aquion RFIC electronics components cannot be serviced by the user.

Leak Sensor Wet

This error occurs when liquid accumulates in the drip tray at the bottom of the Dionex Aquion RFIC component panel, where the leak sensor is located (see Figure 5).

 To troubleshoot

1. Locate the source of the leak by visually inspecting the tubing, fittings, and components on the component panel. For detailed troubleshooting of various types of leaks, see

“Liquid Leaks” on page 60.

2. Tighten fittings, or replace tubing and fittings as required (see “Replacing Tubing and

Fittings” on page 73).

3. Dry the drip tray and leak sensor thoroughly.

Vacuum Degas Assembly Does Not Run

This error occurs if the optional vacuum degas assembly was installed in the Dionex Aquion RFIC but was not configured in Chromeleon.

 To troubleshoot

1. Open the Chromeleon Instrument Configuration Manager.

2. Double-click the Aquion IC System icon under the instrument.

3. In the Properties dialog box, click the Options tab.

4. Verify that the Degas check box is selected (see Figure 24).

68 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Figure 24. Properties dialog box: Options tab page

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting System Component Symptoms

5. Under Degas, verify that the Always Off option is not selected. If necessary, clear the option and select one of the following settings:

• Cycle (set the On cycle to 30 seconds; set the Off cycle to 600 seconds)

• Monitor

6. If the Degas options are correct, test the assembly by selecting the Always On option. The pump should turn on immediately. If it does not, the vacuum degas assembly may need to be replaced. Contact Technical Support for Dionex products for assistance.

IMPORTANT Never select the Always On option for routine operation. The Always On option should be selected only when testing the vacuum degas assembly.

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 69

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting System Component Symptoms

70 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Service

This chapter describes Dionex Aquion RFIC service and repair procedures that users may perform. All procedures not included here, including electronics-related repair procedures, must be performed by Thermo Fisher Scientific personnel. For assistance, contact Technical Support for Dionex products. In the U.S. and Canada, call 1-800-532-4752. Outside the U.S. and Canada, call the nearest Thermo Fisher Scientific office.

Before replacing any part, verify the cause of the problem by referring to the troubleshooting information in Chapter 5.

IMPORTANT Substituting non-Dionex/Thermo Fisher Scientific parts may impair system performance, thereby voiding the product warranty. Refer to the warranty statement in the Dionex Terms and Conditions for more information.

CAUTION Before servicing the instrument, allow any heated components to cool.

MISE EN GARDE Permettre aux composants chauffés de refroidir avant tout intervention.

VORSICHT Warten Sie erhitzte Komponenten erst nachdem diese sich abgekühlt haben.

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 71

Service

Isolating a Restriction in the Liquid Lines

Contents

• Isolating a Restriction in the Liquid Lines

• Replacing Tubing and Fittings

• Rebuilding the Injection Valve or Auxiliary Valve

• Replacing the Auxiliary Valve Pod

• Cleaning and Replacing the Pump Check Valves

• Replacing a Pump Piston Seal and Piston Rinse Seal

• Replacing a Pump Piston

• Replacing the Waste Valve or Priming Valve O-Ring

• Replacing the Suppressor

• Replacing the Eluent Valve

• Replacing the Leak Sensor

• Priming the Pump (Standard Procedure)

• Priming the Pump with Isopropyl Alcohol

• Replacing the Dionex EGC

• Replacing the Dionex EGC 500 Carbonate Mixer

• Replacing the Dionex CR-TC

• Replacing the Dionex EGC Holder and Degas Assembly

• Changing the Main Power Fuses

Isolating a Restriction in the Liquid Lines

A restriction in the liquid plumbing causes excessive system backpressure.

 To isolate a restriction

1. Begin pumping eluent through the system (including the columns).

2. Follow the flow schematic (see Figure 7 or Figure 8) to work backward through the system, beginning at the suppressor and observe the pressure. The connection at which the pressure drops abnormally indicates the point of restriction.

Regen Out port. One at a time, loosen each fitting

IMPORTANT The numbers on the flow schematic indicate the order in which liquid flows through the system components.

72 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

If the restriction has caused such high pressure that the system cannot be operated, you must work forward through the flow schematic, adding parts one at a time until an abnormal pressure increase (and hence, the restriction) is found.

3. If the restriction is in the tubing or fitting, remove the restriction by back flushing or by replacing the tubing or fitting (see “Replacing Tubing and Fittings” on page 73).

Replacing Tubing and Fittings

The Dionex Aquion RFIC is plumbed with the tubing and tubing assemblies listed below.

Tubing size and type Color Used for...

Service

Replacing Tubing and Fittings

0.125-mm (0.005-in) ID PEEK (P/N 044221)

0.25-mm (0.010-in) ID PEEK (P/N 042690)

0.50-mm (0.020-in) ID PEEK (P/N 042855)

0.75-mm (0.030-in) ID PEEK

Red Connection from pump pulse damper to

pressure transducer

Black Connections between other system

components

Orange Connection from injection port to

injection valve

Green Connection from injection valve to waste

(P/N 044777)

1.58-mm (0.062-in) ID PTFE (P/N 014157)

Clear Connection from pump to degas or eluent

reservoir; pump waste

25-μL sample loop (P/N 042857) Orange Connection between injection valve ports

L (1) and L (4)

• 10-32 fittings (P/N 043275) and ferrules (P/N 043276) are used for most tubing

connections. For tightening requirements, refer to Installation of Dionex Liquid Line Fittings (Document No. 031432).

• 1/8-in fittings (P/N 052267) and ferrules (P/N 048949) are used for connections to the suppressor

REGEN OUT port and the eluent reservoir.

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 73

Service

Rebuilding the Injection Valve or Auxiliary Valve

Thermo Fisher Scientific recommends rebuilding the injection valve (and the auxiliary valve, if installed) annually. The following kits are available:

• Rebuild Kit for 6-Port Valve (P/N 075973)

• Rebuild Kit for 10-Port Valve (P/N AAA-061759)

Each kit contains all required replacement parts.

Tip If preferred, you can replace the auxiliary valve “pod,” instead of rebuilding the valve. Replacing the pod is easier and faster than rebuilding the valve. For instructions, see

page 75.

 To rebuild the injection valve or auxiliary valve

1. Turn off the pump from the Chromeleon ePanel.

2. Open the Dionex Aquion RFIC front door.

3. Disconnect each liquid line connected to the valve.

4. Follow the instructions provided in the Injection Valve Rebuild Kit to replace the rotor seal and stator face.

5. Reconnect all liquid lines to the injection valve (see Figure 25) or auxiliary valve.

Figure 25. Injection valve plumbing

6. Close the front door.

7. Turn on the pump.

74 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Replacing the Auxiliary Valve Pod

Black locking ring

The “pod” is the mechanical part of the auxiliary valve. Replacing the pod is easier and faster than rebuilding the valve (see page 74).

Note If the auxiliary valve electronics require service, contact Thermo Fisher Scientific. Electronics-related repair procedures must be performed by Thermo Fisher Scientific personnel.

 To replace the auxiliary valve pod

1. Turn off the pump flow from the Chromeleon ePanel.

2. Open the Dionex Aquion RFIC front door.

3. Disconnect each liquid line connected to the auxiliary valve.

4. Unscrew the black locking ring on the front of the valve (see Figure 26) and remove the ring.

Service

Replacing the Auxiliary Valve Pod

Figure 26. Auxiliary valve locking ring

5. Grasp the front of the valve pod and pull firmly to remove it from the Dionex Aquion RFIC.

6. Check that the new pod (6-port, P/N 061947; 10-port, P/N 061948) has the correct number of ports for the valve being serviced.

7. Align the slots in the new pod with the runner in the valve holder on the Dionex Aquion RFIC (see Figure 27). Valve pods are keyed to fit in one way only (one slot is narrower than the other). Verify that the slots are aligned with their matching runners.

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 75

Valve pod

Slot (larger)

Runner (larger)

Splines

Valve holder

Splines

Service

Cleaning and Replacing the Pump Check Valves

Figure 27. Auxiliary valve pod and pod holder

8. Also verify that the two splines on the pod are aligned with the matching splines inside the valve holder (see Figure 27). If necessary, twist the end of the pod to adjust the position of the splines.

9. Push the pod into the holder until it clicks into place.

10. Replace the black locking ring on the valve.

11. Reconnect all liquid lines to the valve.

12. Turn on the pump flow. Check for leaks from the valve and tighten fittings as required (see “Liquid Leaks” on page 60).

13. Close the front door.

Cleaning and Replacing the Pump Check Valves

A dirty check valve causes erratic flow rates and pressures. In addition, it may cause the pump to lose prime and/or be difficult to reprime. If possible, replace check valves that are dirty. If new check valves are not available, follow the instructions below to clean the valves.

 To replace the check valves

1. Turn off the pump from the Chromeleon ePanel.

2. Turn off the Dionex Aquion RFIC main power switch.

3. To prevent contamination of pump parts, put on standard disposable laboratory rubber gloves (powder-free, particle-free, and oil-free) before disassembling the pump head.

Note Never disassemble the pump head with bare hands. Even minute particles of dust or dirt on the check valves or piston can contaminate the inside of the pump head and result in poor pump performance.

4. Disconnect the tube fittings from the inlet and outlet check valve assemblies on the primary pump head (see Figure 28).

76 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Outlet check valve

Primary pump head

Secondary pump

head

Inlet check valve

Acorn nut

Inlet check valve 1/4-28 port

Inlet check valve cartridge (double-hole end visible)

Outlet check valve 10-32 port

Outlet check valve cartridge (single-hole end visible)

Flow

Service

Cleaning and Replacing the Pump Check Valves

Figure 28. Pump components

5. Using a 1/2-inch wrench, loosen both check valve assemblies. Remove the check valve assemblies from the pump head.

Note The inlet check valve assembly housing has a 1/4-28 port. The outlet check valve assembly housing has a 10-32 (smaller) port (see Figure 29).

Figure 29. Inlet and outlet check valve assemblies

6. If you are installing new cartridges (P/N 045994) in the existing check valve housings:

• When placing the cartridge in the inlet check valve housing, be sure the double-hole

end of the cartridge is visible (see Figure 29). If it is not, remove the cartridge from the housing and install it correctly.

• When placing the cartridge in the outlet housing, be sure the single-hole end is visible

(see Figure 29). If it is not, remove the cartridge from the housing and install it correctly.

IMPORTANT If you do not orient the check valve cartridges correctly, the pump will not operate properly (and may be damaged). Liquid must enter the check valve through the large single hole and exit through the small double holes.

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 77

7. Install the inlet check valve assembly (P/N 045722) on the bottom of the primary pump head.

8. Install the outlet check valve assembly (P/N 045721) on the top of the primary pump head.

Service

Replacing a Pump Piston Seal and Piston Rinse Seal

9. Tighten the check valves finger-tight, and then use a wrench to tighten an additional one-quarter to one-half turn.

IMPORTANT Overtightening may damage the pump head and check valve housing and crush the check valve seats.

10. Reconnect the liquid lines.

11. Close the front door.

12. Turn on the Dionex Aquion RFIC main power switch.

13. Prime the pump (see “Priming the Pump (Standard Procedure)” on page 90).

14. When the system is at operating pressure, check for leaks from the check valves. Tighten a

check valve a little more only if it leaks.

 To clean the check valves

1. Carefully remove the check valve cartridges from the valve housings.

2. Place the check valve housings and cartridges in a beaker with methanol. Sonicate or agitate the parts for several minutes.

3. Rinse each check valve housing and cartridge thoroughly with ASTM filtered, Type I (18 megohm-cm) deionized water that meets the specifications listed in “Deionized

Water Requirements for IC” on page vi.

4. To reinstall the check valves and complete the procedure, see Step 6 through Step 14 above.

Replacing a Pump Piston Seal and Piston Rinse Seal

A damaged seal allows leakage past the piston, as well as leakage from the piston seal wash housing. As a result, the pump may be difficult to prime, flow rates may be unstable, and there may be baseline noise.

 To prepare the pump for seal replacement

1. Rinse the pump flow path with ASTM filtered, Type I (18 megohm-cm) deionized water that meets the specifications listed in “Deionized Water Requirements for IC” on page vi. Direct the flow to waste by opening the waste valve on the secondary pump head (see

Figure 35). (To open the waste valve, turn the knob one-quarter to one-half turn

counterclockwise.)

2. After rinsing, close the waste valve.

3. Turn off the pump from the Chromeleon ePanel.

78 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Service

Replacing a Pump Piston Seal and Piston Rinse Seal

 To remove the pump head and piston

1. Turn off the Dionex Aquion RFIC main power switch.

2. To prevent contamination of pump parts, put on standard disposable laboratory rubber gloves (powder-free, particle-free, and oil-free) before disassembling the pump head.

3. Disconnect all tubing connections to the pump head.

4. Locate the open-end wrench (P/N 014605) provided in the Dionex Aquion RFIC Ship Kit (P/N 064375). Use the wrench to remove the two acorn nuts from the pump head (see Figure 28).

5. Slowly pull the head, allowing it to separate from the housing. Carefully disengage the head from the piston by pulling the head straight off and away from its mounting studs.

CAUTION Lateral motion while disengaging the pump head from the piston may break the piston.

MISE EN GARDE Un mouvement latéral pendant la séparation de la tête et du piston peut casser le piston.

VORSICHT Vermeiden Sie Seitwärtsbewegungen, wenn Sie den Kopf vom Kolben lösen. Andernfalls kann der Kolben brechen.

6. Place the head (front end down) on a clean work surface. Lift off the spacer to expose the piston seal (for the primary pump head, see Figure 30; for the secondary pump head, see

Figure 31).

7. Hold the shaft of the piston (near the base), tilt the piston slightly, and pull the piston away from the pump. The piston does not come off as part of the pump head assembly because it is captured by a magnetic retention system.

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 79

Piston

(P/N 052840)

O-Ring (P/N 055752)

Piston Seal

(P/N 055870)

Primary Pump Head

(P/N 055711)

Seal Guide (P/N 058032)

Spacer with Drain

(P/N 057913)

Priming Valve Knob

(P/N 055709)

Inlet Check Valve Assembly (P/N 045722)

Outlet Check

Valve Assembly

(P/N 045721)

O-Ring (P/N 059283)

Piston Rinse Seal

(P/N 048722)

O-Ring (P/N 014895)

Piston (P/N 052840)

Seal Guide

(P/N 058032)

O-Ring (P/N 055752)

Piston Seal

(P/N 055870)

Secondary Pump Head (P/N 055712)

Spacer with Drain

(P/N 057913)

Waste Valve Knob

(P/N 055710)

O-Ring (P/N 059283)

Piston Rinse Seal

(P/N 048722)

O-Ring (P/N 014895)

Service

Replacing a Pump Piston Seal and Piston Rinse Seal

Figure 30. Primary pump head components

80 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Figure 31. Secondary pump head components

 To install the new piston rinse seal

1. Remove the seal guide from the spacer to expose the piston rinse seal and O-ring. Remove the O-ring.

2. Remove the old piston rinse seal from the seal guide:

a. Hold the seal guide with the flat side facing up.

b. To dislodge the piston rinse seal, gently insert the shaft of the piston through the

small hole in the center of the seal guide (see Figure 32).

Service

Replacing a Pump Piston Seal and Piston Rinse Seal

Figure 32. Removing the piston rinse seal from the seal guide

c. Pull the seal off the end of the piston shaft and remove the piston from the seal guide.

3. Hold the new piston rinse seal (P/N 048722) with the grooved side facing up.

4. Using your fingertip, gently press the piston rinse seal into the seal guide until the edge of the seal is below the surface of the seal guide.

IMPORTANT The piston rinse seal is made of soft plastic. Do not press on the seal with anything hard or sharp, including your fingernail. If the seal is nicked or gouged, it will not seal properly and may result in leaks.

5. Place the new O-ring (P/N 059283) into the groove in the seal guide.

6. Remove the O-ring from the groove in the flat side of the spacer and replace it with the new O-ring (P/N 014895).

7. In one hand, hold the seal guide with the O-ring and piston rinse seal facing up (to prevent the O-ring from falling out). In your other hand, hold the spacer with the cavity facing down.

8. Gently press the seal guide into the cavity in the spacer until it is fully seated.

 To remove the piston seal from the pump head

1. For the primary pump head: Install a 10-32 fitting plug (P/N 042772) in the outlet check valve. Tighten the plug.

For the secondary pump head: Install a 10-32 fitting plug (P/N 042772) in both the inlet and outlet ports. Tighten the plugs.

2. Close the priming valve.

3. Using a squirt bottle or a plastic syringe, fill the head cavity with deionized water through the piston opening (see Figure 33). Use ASTM filtered, Type I (18 megohm-cm) deionized water that meets the specifications listed in “Deionized Water Requirements for

IC” on page vi.

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 81

Piston

Pump head

Seal

Service

Replacing a Pump Piston Seal and Piston Rinse Seal

Figure 33. Filling the pump head cavity with deionized water

4. Reinsert the piston into the seal, and then push the piston into the head (see

Figure 34). This should hydraulically unseat the seal, causing it to pop out of the

head. When this occurs, remove the piston and pull off the seal.

5. If the seal does not pop out of the head, follow these steps:

a. Verify that the 10-32 fitting plugs in the inlet and outlet holes are tightened enough

to prevent any leaks from the pump head.

b. Fill the piston cavity with water and check for bubbles.

c. If there are no bubbles, repeat Step 4.

Figure 34. Removing the piston seal from the pump head

6. Remove the 10-32 fitting plug(s).

 To install the new piston seal

1. Open the priming valve knob (primary pump head) or waste valve knob (secondary pump head) by turning the knob one-quarter to one-half turn counterclockwise.

2. Push the piston through the spacer and then through the new seal. Insert the piston and seal into the pump head until the seal makes contact with the bottom of the counterbore.

Note If necessary, lubricate the seal with a small amount of 0.2 micron filtered

82 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

isopropyl alcohol to facilitate insertion.

Service

Replacing a Pump Piston

3. To seat the seal, push down on the spacer until it is flush with the head. A clicking sound indicates that the seal is correctly seated.

4. Close the priming valve knob or waste valve knob.

 To reinstall the pump head and piston

Thermo Fisher Scientific recommends reinstalling the pump head and piston as a single assembly. This allows the piston to center itself onto the magnetic follower.

1. Hold the assembled spacer and seal guide with the drain tubes aligned vertically and press the spacer into the head until it is flush with the indented surface of the head.

2. Insert the piston so that 6 mm (1/4 inch) of the shaft is exposed. This ensures that the magnet in the follower picks up the piston. (The follower is the cylinder that holds the piston in place as it moves in and out of the pump head assembly.)

3. Reinstall the head and piston assembly. Use a wrench to tighten the nuts evenly (12 in-lb torque).

 To complete the procedure

1. Reconnect all liquid lines to the pump head.

2. Turn on the Dionex Aquion RFIC main power switch.

3. Prime the pump (see “Priming the Pump (Standard Procedure)” on page 90).

Replacing a Pump Piston

Continued leaking of the piston seal after installation of a new seal (assuming the pump head is tight) indicates a dirty, scratched, or broken piston.

Follow the instructions in “Replacing a Pump Piston Seal and Piston Rinse Seal” on page 78 to install a new piston (P/N 052840) and piston seal (P/N 055870).

Replacing the Waste Valve or Priming Valve O-Ring

A damaged O-ring causes leakage around the base of the waste valve knob (on the primary pump head) or priming valve knob (on the secondary pump head).

 To replace the waste valve or priming valve O-ring

1. Turn off the pump from the Chromeleon ePanel.

2. Turn off the Dionex Aquion RFIC main power switch.

Thermo Scientific Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual 83

Waste valve

Priming valve

Valve Knob

O-Ring (P/N 055752)

Service

Replacing the Waste Valve or Priming Valve O-Ring

3. To remove the waste valve or priming valve from the pump head: Turn the valve knob (see

Figure 35) counterclockwise until it is loose, and then pull the knob straight out of the

cavity in the pump head.

Figure 35. Pump waste valve and priming valve

4. If the O-ring is removed with the valve knob in Step 3, pull the O-ring off the end of the knob (see Figure 36).

If the O-ring is not removed with the valve knob, carefully insert a thin object (for example, the bent end of a paper clip) into the cavity in the pump head and pull out the O-ring.

IMPORTANT Do not scratch the cavity. Scratches in the cavity will cause leaks around the base of the knob while the pump is being primed.

Figure 36. Removing the waste valve or priming valve O-ring

5. Slide a new O-ring (P/N 055752) over the end of the valve.

6. To reinstall the valve, turn the knob clockwise and tighten finger-tight.

Note It is normal to encounter resistance after several rotations of the knob, as the O-ring is being pushed into the cavity of the pump head.

7. Turn on the Dionex Aquion RFIC main power switch.

8. Prime the pump (see “Priming the Pump (Standard Procedure)” on page 90).

84 Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator’s Manual Thermo Scientific

Thermo Scientifi? Dionex Aquion RFIC Operator's Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Contents

Preface

Related Documentation

Safety Information

Safety and Special Notices

Safety Symbols

Regulatory Compliance

Deionized Water Requirements for IC

Contacting Us

Introduction

Introduction to Ion Chromatography (IC)

Overview of the Dionex Aquion RFIC

Description

Operating Features

Front Panel

Top Cover

Component Panel

Rear Panel

Flow Schematics

Flow Description for KOH, LiOH, NaOH, or MSA Eluent Generation

Flow Description for Carbonate Eluent Generation

Chromeleon Chromatography Data System

System Component Details

Vacuum Degas Assembly (Optional)

Eluent Valve

Pump

Eluent Generator

Injection Valve

Auxiliary Valve (Optional)

Column Heater (Optional)

Suppressor

DS6 Heated Conductivity Cell

Operation

Operation Overview

Sample Processing Overview

Turning On the System Power

Connecting to Chromeleon

Setting Up the Eluent Reservoir

Checking All Connections

Priming the Pump

Setting System Operating Conditions

Equilibrating the System and Verifying Operational Status

Preparing Samples

Collecting and Storing Samples

Pretreating Samples

Diluting Samples

Loading and Injecting Samples

Processing Samples

Manual Sample Processing

Automated (Batch) Sample Processing

Maintenance

Daily Maintenance

Weekly Maintenance

Semiannual Maintenance

Annual Maintenance

Troubleshooting

Error Messages

Troubleshooting Error Messages

Troubleshooting System Component Symptoms

Liquid Leaks

Pump Difficult to Prime or Loses Prime

Pump Does Not Start

No Flow

Erratic Flow and/or Pressure Reading

Excessive System Backpressure

Peak Ghosting

Nonreproducible Peak Height or Retention Time

Abnormal Retention Time or Selectivity

No Cell Response

High Cell Output

Baseline Noise or Drift

Hardware Not Present

Leak Sensor Wet

Vacuum Degas Assembly Does Not Run

Service

Isolating a Restriction in the Liquid Lines