Standards and guidelines.......................... 18
Preface
This manual contains instructions for use of
the stationary used oil fired heaters as shown
on the cover. The information in this manual
is important for the correct and safe use of
the heater.
Identification of the product (fig. 1)
The identification plate is attached to the side
of the heater. The identification plate contains
the following data:
AYear of manufacture
BSerial number
CProduction code
DVoltage data
EAir displacement
FCapacity max (kW)
GCapacity max (MJ/h)
HType of machine
Service and technical support
Please contact your dealer or the
manufacturer for information about the
heater. Make sure you have the following
data at hand: type and serial number of the
stationary used oil fired heater.
Warranty and liability
For warranty and liability, see general
warranty regulations.
Environment
Note
The heater is made of various metals
and synthetic materials. The heater
also contains electronic parts, which
must be treated as electronic waste.
Please contact your dealer for further
information.
1SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
1.1Pictograms in this manual
Caution
Indicates risk of damage to the
appliance.
Warning
Indicates a dangerous situation, that
can lead to death or serious injuries.
Warning
Always switch off power when
performing maintenance or repairs on
the hot air heater!
Hot
Some surfaces may be hot! Wait until
these parts have sufficiently cooled
down before performing
maintenance.
Suggestions and tips to simplify the
carrying out of the specified tasks or
actions.
1.2Pictograms on the stationary used
oil fired heater (fig. 2)
AWarning for quantity of oil to be used
Instruction not to put the burner dish on a
cold surface
BOverheating thermostat
CInstruction for re-ignition.
DPositions of the burner: low and high.
AT 400 - 500-US series40.020.943 - rev. 04 - 20115
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1.3Use this product for its intended
use
The stationary used oil fired hot air heater
has been designed for heating of workshops
at mechanization companies, heating and
frost protection of halls, transit sheds and
warehouses and heating of garage
workshops.
Caution
If the heater will be installed indoors,
make sure that there is proper
ventilation in the room. Make sure the
flue gas can only flow to an outside
source separate from the room.
1.4General instructions
Warning
•Make sure that the heater is
properly installed, adjusted and
maintained.
•For all service and adjustments
contact qualified, competent and
authorized persons.
•Do not make any modifications to
the heater without the prior
written consent of the
manufacturer.
•Make sure to always follow the
local standards and guidelines as
well as the local requirements,
concerning environmental
quality, fuel, fire and electrical
safety.
•Read this manual carefully
before using the heater.
•Keep this document with the
heater.
•Follow the described procedures.
•Never lean against the heater.
Warning
•Do not create a fire hazard by
storing or using highly
inflammable materials near the
heater. Keep these materials at
adequate distance from the
heater:
-top and sides 6 inch (150
mm)
-front 35 inch (890 mm)
-back and flue 18 inch (460
mm)
•Make sure there is enough air for
proper combustion.
•Make sure that the convector
heater has cooled down
sufficiently and that the plug has
been removed from the socket
before carrying out any repair or
maintenance work.
1.5Additional safety
Warning
•Connect the heater only to a
120 V / 60 Hz power supply.
•Replace fuses only with identical
spares.
•The heater must be grounded.
640.020.943 - rev. 04 - 2011AT 400 - 500-US series
English
Warning
•Use only the following types of
fuel:
•Automatic transmission oil
•Crankcase oil
•Diesel oil
•Hydraulic oil
•Domestic fuel oil
•Do not add the following
materials to the used oil:
•Anti-freeze
•Carburettor cleaner
•Paint thinner
•Parts washer solvents
•Gasoline
•Transformer oil
•Oil additives
•Any other inappropriate or
hazardous material
•Do not fill the tank while the
heater operates.
2INTRODUCTION
2.1Purpose
These stationary used oil fired heaters are
direct fired heaters with thermal protection,
heat exchanger, combustion air fan, flue
stack connection with T-piece and draught
regulator and hot air fan.
The A T 500 is equipped with a connection for
a room thermostat
The hot air heaters have been tested at sea
level at a temperature of 68 °F.
2.2Working principle
The stationary used oil fired heater is
equipped with three electric motors.
The first electric motor drives a fuel pump,
which extracts fuel from the fuel tank.
The second electric motor drives the
combustion air ventilator, which blows the
combustion air into the combustion chamber.
The third electic motor drives the hot air fan,
which draws the surrounding air around the
combustion chamber and heat exchanger.
The hot air is blown into the space to be
heated.
Diesel oil is poured manually on a burner
dish, which is ignited with a burning paper
pellet. As soon as the burner dish is at the
right temperature, the pump thermostat
activates the fuel pump; the control light
flashes on. The fuel pump pumps the used oil
onto the burner dish. The used oil evaporates
due to the temperature of the burner dish.
The gas vapour burns. A thermostat switches
on the hot air fan motor to blow hot air into
the space to be heated.
The pump thermostat switches off the fuel
pump when a failure causes the heater to
overheat.
The fuel pump is switched off when the
heater is switched off.
The hot air ventilator runs until the
combustion air thermostat switches off the
ventilator: this allows the heater to cool down.
The maximum thermostat switches off the
heater when the temperature gets too high.
The fuel supply has an overflow that ensures
that the used oil flows back into the fuel tank
when the fuel pipe is blocked.
The overflow protection switches off the fuel
pump when the burner dish overflows.
2.3Main components of the stationary
used oil fired heater (fig. 3)
ACover
BCombustion chamber
CHeat exchanger
DMaximum thermostat
EThermostats
FT-piece with draught regulator
GHot air fan
HCombustion air ventilator
IFill filter
JControl panel
KFuel tank
LDrain cock
MFuel filter
NFuel pump
OIdentification plate
PReturn line
QDrawer
RFuel pipe
SFuel supply pipe
AT 400 - 500-US series40.020.943 - rev. 04 - 20117
AIndicator light, yellow
BIndicator light, red
CBolt fuel tank
DRocker switch:
-0: The pump is switched off
-1: The pump is in operation
-2: High pump speed (only for AT 500)
2.6Thermostat
The heater has the following thermostats:
•Pump thermostat
When the burner dish is sufficiently preheated, the fuel pump starts up.
•Hot air thermostat:
The thermostat starts the hot air fan
when the heater reaches a certain
temperature.
•Maximum thermostat
The thermostat stops the fuel pump when
the hot air temperature gets too high.
2.7Accessories
•Flue with rain cap
3PREPARATIONS
3.1Removing the packaging
1.Remove packaging from the hot air
heater
2.Remove packaging from the loose parts
in the combustion chamber.
3.2Installation
1.Ensure that the heater is positioned
horizontally.
2.Correctly attach the parts of the
combustion chamber, see fig. 4.
3.Attach the various handles to the cover
and the drawer, see fig. 3.
4.Push the tank bolt up, see fig. 5 (D).
5.Pull the fuel tank forward.
6.Fill the fuel tank through the tank filter
with used oil, until the level of used oil is
1 inch below the top of the tank.
Caution
Only the following oil types may be
used in the stationary used oil fired
heaters:
•Automatic transmission oil
•Diesel oil
•Hydraulic oil
•Oil for household use
Note
•Install the equipment in the US
according to the following
publications of the National Fire
Protection Association:
•NFPA #30: Flammable and
Combustible
•Liquids Code
•NFPA #31: Oil Burning
Equipment
•NFPA #88A: Parking
Structures
•NFPA #88B: Repair Garages
•NFPA #211: Chimneys,
Fireplaces and Vents
•Local codes may require that the
heater is mounted at a minimum
of 8 feet (2.4 m) off the ground.
This is especially the case when
there are possible combustible or
flamable fumes in the room.
Refer to NFPA #88B.
•Install the equipment in Canada
according to the following
standard: CSA B139, installation
Code for Oil Burning Equipment.
840.020.943 - rev. 04 - 2011AT 400 - 500-US series
English
Place the heater on a location with
respect to the following:
•Possibility of unobstructed, even
heat distribution.
•Safe and easy access for
servicing.
•Unobstructed passage for shop
vehicles and equipment.
•Proper clearances for
combustibles. Refer to the safety
section.
•Adequate combustion air per
local codes. The room must be
ventilated to provide sufficient
combustion-air. The maximum air
consumption is 12 USG/h (46 m
h)
•Proper installation of the stack.
•The structure in which the heater
is located requires the following
minimum dimensions:
•height from the point of
location of the heater: 15 feet
(4.5 m).
•length and width: 20 feet
(6 m).
•floor area: 400 square feet
2
(36 m
)
•Possibility to place the heater on
a combustible flooring.
•If the heater is installed at an
elevation, a permanent platform,
including stairs and railings, must
be provided to facilitate regular
maintenance.
7.Close the fuel tank: Ensure that it is
locked.
8.Ensure that the hot air can flow out freely.
9.Ensure that inflammable materials are at
a sufficient distance from the heater, see
1.4.
10. Ensure there is sufficient ventilation: the
maximum air consumption is 2650 ft
3
/
hour.
11. Check the floor surface: this needs to be
at least 645 ft
2
.
12. Install the flue (18 ft and a rain cap).
13. Make sure the rocker switch is positioned
at 0.
14. Check the supply voltage: see
identification plate.
15. Place the plug in the socket.
3.3Preparing for start-up
1.Switch the rocker switch to "0".
2.Only for the AT 400:
Switch control (A) of the fuel pump to
"low", see (fig. 5).
3.Drain possible water of condensation
from the fuel tank, see fig. 3 (L).
4.Open the drawer: Push pedal (A) down
and keep it down, lift safety (B) up, turn
3
/
control (C) left or right and let go of the
pedal, see fig. 7. Pull drawer (D) forward.
5.Check whether the burner dish and the
floor of the combustion chamber are
clean and cold.
6.Clean the burner dish and the floor of the
combustion chamber if necessary.
7.Pour 0.3 litre of diesel oil onto the burner
dish, see fig. 4 (F).
Warning
Never pour diesel oil onto a hot
burner dish.
The burner dish must be cool!
8.Form a paper pellet and light it.
9.Drop the burning pellet on the burner
dish.
10. Close the drawer.
1 1. Check through the upper cover that there
is no flame around the seal cord and
between the bottom and the combustion
chamber, see fig. 4.
AT 400 - 500-US series40.020.943 - rev. 04 - 20119
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3.4Starting up
Warning
•Never pour diesel oil onto a hot
burner dish. The burner dish
must be cool and clean!
•Do not start the heater if the fan
still runs. The heater is cooling
down.
•Do not start the heater if excess
oil has accumulated in or near
the heater.
Caution
Do not switch on the convector
heater if there is no fuel, or if the
connected fuel tank is empty.
Caution
Only the following oil types may be
used in the stationary used oil fired
heaters:
•Automatic transmission oil
•Crankcase oil
•Diesel oil
•Hydraulic oil
•Domestic fuel oil
1.Switch the rocker switch to "2", see fig. 6
(D).
When the burner dish has reached the
right temperature, the fuel pump starts
running and the control light is on.
2.During the first 20 - 30 minutes the fuel
pump should have a low capacity.
For AT 400:
Position the rocker switch to "low", see
fig. 5 (A).
For AT 500:
The yellow control light is on, see fig. 6
(A).
3.Set the pump regulator to high capacity if
maximum capacity is desired.
For AT 400:
Switch the rocker switch to "high", see
fig. 5 (B).
For AT 500:
Switch the rocker switch to "2", see fig. 6
(D).The red control light is on, see
fig.6(B).
4USE
4.1During operation
Caution
•Do not operate the heater in hot
weather to burn oil.
•Do not burn used oils other than
generated on the premiss of the
owner, unless written
authorization is obtained from the
regulatory authority.
Hot
Do not touch the flue stack or blower
outlet! The flue stack and blower
outlet get hot during operation!
4.2Switching off
Switch off heating:
1.Switch the rocker switch to "0".
The fuel pump stops running.
The control light turns off.
Caution
After switching off the heater it will
run for several minutes, until the fuel
on the burner dish is used up. In the
meantime the hot air fan and the
distributor fan keep running. These
fans cool the heater until it has
sufficiently cooled down (after 10 to
30 minutes).
Both fans will stop around the same
time.
1040.020.943 - rev. 04 - 2011AT 400 - 500-US series
5MAINTENANCE
English
5.1Maintenance table
Use the table in this booklet to record
performed maintenance after each winter
season.
Warning
For all service and adjustments
contact qualified, competent and
authorized persons.
DescriptionPeriod
Every
12
hours
Clean the burner dish.X
Drain (water of) condensation from the
fuel tank, when the waste oil contains
water.
Clean the combustion chamber.X
Warning
Always clean the combustion
chamber before starting the heater.
Hot
Do not touch the flue and air outlet!
Wait until the flue and the air outlet
have cooled down sufficiently before
carrying out any maintenance.
/i
Week-lyMonth-lyEvery
six
months
X
Annually
Every
two
years
Clean the burner ring.X
Clean the combustion chamber and the
X
vaporiser with a steel brush.
Clean the combustion chamber and the
X
vaporiser with a steel brush.
Clean the overflow pipe in the floor of
X
the combustion chamber. See fig. 4(I).
Check the oil pipes for leakage.X
Clean the fuel tank, the supply filter and
the fuel filter.
The fuel tank can easily be removed.
Check the combustion air fan and clean
if necessary.
Check the hot air fan and clean if necessary.
Clean the flue stack valve in the T-piece,
Dealer
see fig. 8 (A).
The recommended draught is 2 mmwk.
X
X
X
AT 400 - 500-US series40.020.943 - rev. 04 - 201111
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DescriptionPeriod
Every
12
hours
Check the seal between the bottom and
Week-lyMonth-lyEvery
six
months
X
the vaporiser for leakage.
Adjust the pressure on the seal cord, or
replace the seal.
Replace the seal cord in the bottom.
X
Check the seal ring for leakage.
Adjust the pressure on the seal cord in
case of a leakage.
Clean the heat exchanger.X
Clean the flue stack T-piece, see "clean-
ing the flue stack valve".
Check the heater's wiring.X
Clean the heat exchanger.
Take the heat exchanger apart for a
good cleaning.
Annually
X
X
Every
two
years
Hot
Do not touch the flue stack or
combustion chamber!
Do not perform maintenance until the
flue and combustion chamber have
cooled down.
5.2General
Warning
Switch off the power supply before
carrying out any repairs!
When the heater is stored long-term:
1.Switch off the heater.
2.Disconnect the power plug.
3.Clean the heater.
4.Use an oily cloth to clean the combustion
chamber, to protect the combustion
chamber against corrosion.
Warning
Do not operate the heater in hot
weather to burn oil.
5.3Cleaning the combustion
chamber(fig. 4)
1.Open the cover of the heater, see fig. 4
(A).
2.Remove the burner ring (D) with the hook
of the shovel (J).
3.Clean the burner ring with a steel brush.
4.Remove the burner dish (F) with the hook
of the shovel.
5.Clean the burner dish with a scraper.
1240.020.943 - rev. 04 - 2011AT 400 - 500-US series
English
6.Clean the inner side of the combustion
chamber (B) and the vaporiser (G) with
the front of the shovel.
Note
•Used oils can contain heavy
metallic compounds and foreign
materials. These materials stay
as a residu when burned.
Therefore it is necessary to take
care when using, cleaning and
maintaining the heater.
•Wear protective gear when
cleaning the inside of the heater:
•Respirator for fine particles
•Rubber gloves
•Safety goggles
•Protective clothing
•Ensure that the holes in the
combustion chamber wall remain
open for combustion air supply.
7.Remove any soot pieces from the floor of
the combustion chamber.
8.Clean the inside of the pipe in the
vaporiser with a small brush (diameter 4
mm).
9.Clean the fuel supply line (N) with a
brush (inner diameter 0.33 in), see fig. 3.
10. Install all parts in reversed order.
5.4Cleaning the heat exchanger (fig.
9)
1.Disconnect the power connection from
the heater.
2.Open the cover, see fig. 3 (A).
3.Unscrew the thermostat clamp (A).
4.Take the wiring off both thermostats (B).
5.Remove safety strip (C).
6.Remove safety strip (D).
7.Remove cover (E) from the heat
exchanger.
8.Clean the inner side of the heat
exchanger with a brush and vacuum
cleaner.
9.Re-install the cover of the heat
exchanger.
Always attach a new gasket (F)
between the cover and the heat
exchanger.
Install all parts in reversed order.
Apply the wiring of the thermostats
according to the electrical circuit
diagram. The thermostats are equal.
5.5Taking t he heat exchanger apart
(fig. 9)
1.Disconnect the power connection from
the heater.
2.Remove the T-piece (A) from the flue,
see fig. 3 (F).
3.Remove the grate, see fig. 3 (A).
4.Unscrew the thermostat clamp (A).
5.Take the wiring off both thermostats (B).
6.Remove safety strip (C).
7.Remove safety strip (D).
8.Remove the fuel supply pipe, see fig. 3
(S).
9.Unscrew the overflow cup support and
put the overflow protection on the floor of
the heater.
10. Remove the combustion air fan (H) with
motor support, see fig. 3.
11. Unscrew the back panel from the heater
and turn it 180° to the fuel tank.
Temporarily support the back panel in
this position.
12. Remove the casing of the combustion air
fan.
Warning
Do not change the position of the
valve in the casing.
13. Unscrew the frame of the combustion
chamber from the groundplate of the
heater.
AT 400 - 500-US series40.020.943 - rev. 04 - 201113
English
14. Lift the combustion chamber with heat
exchanger from the heater.
Do this with another person.
15. Unscrew the connection of the
combustion chamber and the heat
exchanger.
16. Remove the strip between the
combustion chamber and the heat
exchanger.
17. Pull the heat exchanger from the
combustion chamber.
18. Remove upper and lower cover of the
heat exchanger.
19. Clean the heat exchanger internally with
a brush and remove dirt with a vacuum
cleaner.
20. Re-install the upper and lower cover of
the heat exchanger.
Always apply new gaskets between
the upper and lower cover and the
heat exchanger.
Re-install the heater in reversed order.
Apply the wiring of the thermostats
according to the electrical circuit
diagram. The thermostats are equal.
Reposition the bottom cover.
5.7Removing the fuel tank (fig. 10)
1.Drain the fuel tank through the drain
cock, see fig. 3 (L).
2.Push the tank bolt up, see fig. 10 (C).
3.Support the fuel tank with a woo den reel
(A).
4.Remove the black knurled bolt (B) on the
left and right side of the fuel tank.
5.Remove the fuel tank using both hands
by grasping the bottom of the tank.
6.Remove the wooden reel.
7.Gently lower the fuel tank and take the
fuel tank from the heater.
Remove the fuel tank with care: the
fuel system is installed in the fuel
tank.
Install the fuel tank in reversed order.
5.8Adjusting the pressure of the seal
cord (fig. 11)
1.Open the control panel (A), see 3.3.
2.Unscrew nut (B).
3.Turn the bottom (C) of the vaporiser
slightly up or down (depending on the
situation).
4.Unscrew nut (B).
5.Push the control panel in the heater.
5.6Cleaning the flue (fig. 8)
1.Remove the bottom cover (B) of the T-
Check whether the seal cord seals
properly when the heater is running.
piece (A).
2.Clean the flue from top to bottom with a
flue brush.
3.Check the connections for leakage.
4.Check the flue parts for rust.
Caution
Rust formation indicates that chlorine
6FAULTS
Warning
For all service and adjustments
contact qualified, competent and
authorized persons.
containing materials have been
burnt.
Chlorine containing materials
seriously damage the heater. This
may void your warranty.
Contact your dealer for instructions
on how to test waste oil for chlorine.
Warning
Switch off the power supply before
carrying out any repairs!
Ensure that the power is switched on,
and the fuel tank is full, before you
start troubleshooting.
1440.020.943 - rev. 04 - 2011AT 400 - 500-US series
English
6.1Troubleshooting table
/i
FaultCauseSolutionAction
The flame is extinguished immediately
after ignition; the
control light is off.
1The heater has no volt-
age.
2The fuel pump is not
switched on.
3The motor and pump
are not functioning.
Check the electric connec-
User
tion.
Position the switch to "1", see
User
fig. 5 (A).
Dilute the waste oil with die-
User
sel oil when the waste oil is
too viscous.
Check the pump thermostat
Dealer
and replace if necessary.
Check the overflow protec-
User
tion switch by moving the
overflow basin a few times
from left to right.
Check whether the pump
User
axis can be turned manually.
Clean the pump if this is not
possible.
Check the pump motor.Dealer
The flame is extinguished immediately
after ignition; the
control light is on.
4The pump thermostat
has not reached the
right temperature yet.
5The maximum thermo-
stat is defective.
6The overflow protection
is full of waste oil.
7There is water or sedi-
ment in the fuel tank.
8The fuel supply pipe is
blocked: The fuel flows
back into the fuel tank
through the return pipe.
Let the heater cool down.
User
Restart the heater.
Replace the pump thermo-
Dealer
stat.
Reset the thermostat.User
Replace the thermostat.User
Clean the overflow basin,
User
burner dish and the bottom of
the vaporiser.
Clean the fuel tank and the
User
fuel filter, see fig. 3.
Clean the fuel supply pipe or
User
replace if necessary.
AT 400 - 500-US series40.020.943 - rev. 04 - 201115
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FaultCauseSolutionAction
The flame is extinguished immediately
after ignition; the
control light is on.
The air combustion
fan keeps running,
while the hot air fan
has stopped and the
heater has cooled
down.
There is soot formation in the combustion chamber and in
the flue.
There is soot formation in the combustion chamber and in
the flue.
9There is no proper flue
draught.
10The combustion thermo-
stat is defective.
11The combustion air fan
is not functioning.
12There is insufficient sup-
ply of combustion air
Check whether the flue is fit-
User
ted according to the description, see "flue".
Check the flue for leakage.User
Clean the flue if necessary.User
See faults: 3 and 4.
Replace the combustion
User
thermostat.
Check the motor and replace
Dealer
if necessary.
Clean the holes in the vapor-
User
iser.
Check the functioning of the
User
combustion air fan.
There is leakage
between the bottom
of the control panel
and the vaporiser.
The flame goes out
directly after ignition.
13The flue draught is too
high or irregular.
14There is leakage
between the bottom of
the control panel and
the vaporiser.
15The flue draught is too
low.
Position a flue stack valve,
Dealer
see "flue".
Adjust the flue to the right
pressure, see § 5.3.
See faults: 9, 12, and 13.
Adjust the pressure on the
User
seal cord.
Replace the seal cord.User
Check all connections in the
User
flue.
Check whether the draught
User
regulator is off.
Check the flue for blockage.User
Reduce the number of
User
bends.
Heighten the flue.User
1640.020.943 - rev. 04 - 2011AT 400 - 500-US series
English
FaultCauseSolutionAction
The flame goes out
directly after ignition.
The heater makes a
humming sound.
The flue draught is too
low.
16There is too much diesel
oil at start up.
There is unburnt fuel
on the burner dish.
Record the maintenance details in table A in
the appendix of this manual.
7SPARE PARTS
Before use we advise you to have spare parts
in store, see table B in the appendix of this
manual.
Isolate the flue outside the
User
building.
Check the flue, see "flue".User
Reduce the amount of diesel
User
oil.
Low temperatures for single
User
walled flue, for instance in
case of frost.
The sound will stop when the
temperature rises.
See faults: 2, 11, 12, 13 and
14.
8TECHNICAL INFORMATION
•See for technical specifications table C in
the appendix of this manual.
9INSTALLING ACCESSORIES
9.1Flue (fig. 12)
The heater has a flue stack connection.
1.Push a T-piece (A) directly over the
connection (B).
2.Push the flue pipe (C) on the T-piece.
3.Use three screws to screw the flue pipe
to the T-piece.
AT 400 - 500-US series40.020.943 - rev. 04 - 201117
Caution
The flue must meet the following
requirements.
•The flue must be pointed upwards.
•The flue (or any part of it) may not be
positioned horizontally. A 45° angle is
acceptable.
•It is not allowed to lenghten the flue
connection horizontally.
•When a pipe is used under 45°, pipe
pieces of at least 3.2 ft must be fitted in
front of and at the back of the slanting
pipe.
English
•The flue must stick out at least 1.6 ft
above the apex of the building.
•Keep the vertical part at the back of the
heater as long as possible before leading
it outside through the wall.
4.Fit the following pipe pieces.
5.Place a cap (D) at the end of the flue.
9.2Diameter flue
/i
AT 400AT 500
6 inch8 inch
10STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES
For the standards and guidelines, go to
www.thermobile.nl.
1840.020.943 - rev. 04 - 2011AT 400 - 500-US series
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