Textron Lycoming O-235 Series, Lycoming O-290 Series Operator's Manual

OPERATOR'S

MANUAL

Lycoming

0-235

AIRCRAFT ENGINES

4th Edition

Part No. 60297-9

and 0-290

Approved by F.A.A.

SERIES

January 1988

LYCOMING OPERATOR'S MANUAL

ATTENTION

OWNERS, OPERATORS

MAINTENANCE PERSONNEL

This operator's manual contains a description of the engine, its

specifications, and detailed information on how to operate and maintain

Such maintenance procedures

it. with periodic inspections are also included. This manual is intended for use by owners, pilots and maintenance Avco Lycoming powered aircraft. are contained nel should refer to these for such procedures.

Neglecting to follow

periodic

and power loss. Also, if power and speed limitations specified in this manual are exceeded, for any reason, damage to the engine and personal injury can happen.

ty.

SERVICE BULLETINS,

Although the information contained in this manual is up-to-date at time of publication, users are through Avco ters which factory by subscription. L114 for subscription information.

in Avco Lycoming overhaul

SAFETY WARNING

the operating instructions

maintenance procedures

Consult your local FAA approved

Lycoming Service Bulletins,

are available from all Avco Lycoming

Consult the latest edition

that may be required in conjunction

Modifications and repair

can result in poor engine performance

INSTRUCTIONS

urged to keep abreast of later

AND

personnel responsible

manuals; maintenance person-

and to carry out

maintenance facili-

AND LETTERS

Instructions and Service Let-

distributors or from the

of Service Letter No.

for care of

procedures

information

SPECIAL NOTE

illustrations, pictures and drawings

The

typical of the subject matter they portray; in no instance are they to be

interpreted as examples of any specific engine, equipment or part

thereof.

shown in this publication

are

TEXTRON LYCOMING OPERATOR'S MANUAL

IMPORTANT

Proper service operation by operations. Some of specially and as recommended.

It is important tain various Warnings order to minimize the risk of vice methods that may damage the engine or render it unsafe.

It is also important to are evaluate or advise

vice might be done be involved. satisfy themselves ty will be

of all aircraft engines. The service

Textron Lycoming

designed for the task. These

not all inclusive. Textron

and repair is essential

are effective

these service operations require

to note that most Textron Lycoming

and Cautions which

understand that these Warnings

the service trade of all conceivable

or of the possible hazardous

Acordingly,

jeopardized

anyone who

thoroughly

by the service

SAFETY

personal injury or the use of

Lycoming could not possibly

that neither

NOTICE

to increase the safe, reliable

procedures recommended

methods

special tools must be used

uses a service

procedure

for performing

the use of tools

publications con-

must be carefully read in

improper ser-

and Cautions

ways in which ser-

consequences that may

procedure must

their safety

nor aircraft safe-

they select.

service

when

know,

first

NEWAND REMANUFACTURED

(LIMITED)

RECIPROCATING AIRCRAFT ENGINE

WHAT TEXTRON

Textron Lycoming warrants each new and remanufactued reciprocating engine sold by it to be free from defects in material and acceptance testing The date of first operationmust not exceed two (2) years from the date ofshipment from Textron Lycoming.

change basis, of the engine or any in material or workmanship. Lycomig will also bear the cost for labor in connection with the repair or replacement as provided in Textron Lycoming's

the period from the date of first operation, whichever occurs first, Textron Lycoming will reimburse you for a pro rata portion of the charge for the repair or replacement (at its choice) with Textron Lycoming parts,ofparts required tobe repairedorre- placed, or a replacement during the proration period extends to major parts of the engine, which are limited to crankcase, crankshaft, camshaft, cylinders, connecting rods, pistons, sump, accessory housing and gears. The proration policy does not extend to labor or to accessories, including but not limited to magnetos, caburetors or fuel injectors, fuel pumps, sarers, alternators and turbochargers and their controllers.

Lycoming distributor within 30 days of the appearance of the defect in material or workmanship.

the part of Textron Lycoming set forth above are your exclusive remedy and the exclusive liability of Textron Lycoming. This warranty allocates the risk of product failure between you and Textron Lycoming, as permitted by applicable law.

been subject to accident or used, adjusted, altered, manual, or if non-genuine Textron Lycoming parts are installed in or on the engine and are determined tobeapossible cause of the incident for which the warranty application is filed.

such alterations in engines or parts previously sold.

workmanship appearing within one (1) year from

Textron Lycoming's

In addition, if Textron Lycoming determines

until the expiration of Textron Lycoming's recommended

Any engine or

The

engine must have

Textron Lycoming's warranty does

Textron Lycoming

Textron Lycoming may change the

obligation under this warranty shall be limited

part of the engine, when Textron Lycoming has determined

Such repair or replacement will be made

then current Removal and

part so repaired or

reserves the right

Installation Labor Allowance Guidebook.

engine, if it determines that engine replacement

replaced will be

received normal

not cover normal maintenance expenses or consumable

construction of engines at any time without incurring

LYCOMING PROMISES

the date of first operation, excluding necessary aircraft

to its choice of repair or replacement, on anex-

by Textron Lycoming at no charge to you. Textron

that the engine proves to be defective in material

entitled to warranty

OBLIGATIONS

YOUR

use and service.

to deny any warranty claim

handled, maintained or stored other than as directed

Time Between Overhaul (TBO), or

is required. Textron Lycoming's obligation

for the remainder

You must apply

for warranty

if it reasonably determines

YOU

that the engine is defective

or workmanship during

two (2) years

of the original

with an authorized

any obligation to incorporate

waranty period.

Textron

items. The obligations on

that the engine or part

in your operator's

has

THIS LIMITED TATIONS, LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY AND ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY TRADE USAGE. THIS CLAIM, WHETHER IN CONTRACT OR IN TORT, INCLUDING ANY RIGHT IN STRICT LIABILITY IN TORT TEXTRON LYCOMING'S LIABILITY ON CABLE TO THE ENGINE

WARRANTY IS EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU

EXPRESS OR IMPLIED OR STATUTORY,

WARRANTY IS ALSO IN LIEU OF ANY OTHER

OR ANY RIGHT ARISING FROM NEGLIGENCE

ARISING FROM ANY COURSE OF PERFORMANCE

OR PART WHICH GIVES RISE

WHETHER WRITTEN OR ORAL, INCLUDING

SUCH CLAIM SHALL NNO CASE EXCEED

OF ALL. OTHER WARRANTIES AND REPRESEN-

OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR

OBLIGATION, LIABILITY, RIGHT OR

ON THE PART OF TEXTRON LYCOMING,

TO THE CLAIM.

BUT NOT

PURPOSE,

OR DEALING OR

THE PRICE ALLO-

AND

LIMITATION

IN NO EVENT, WHETHER LIGENCE, SHALL TEXTRON LYCOMING DAMAGES, INCLUDING BUTNOT LIMITED TOLOSSOF PROFITSOR REVENUES, LOSS OF USE OF THE ENGINE OR COST OF A

No agreement varying

Lycoming unless in writing signed by a duly authorized representative of Textron Lycoming.

Effective October

AS A RESULT OF A BREACH OF WARRANTY,

REPLACEMENT.

this warranty or Textron Lycoming's obligations

1, 1995 Revision

"J'

OF LIABILITY

BE LIABLE FOR SPECIAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL

CONTRACT OR ALLEGED NEG-

under it will be binding upon Textron

Textron

Williamsport, Pennsylvania

OR ANY OTHER

Lycoming

WARRANTY

REPLACEMENT

Textron Lycoming

inmaterial and

must not exceed

tion.

Textron

basis, of te

change

workmanship. ment as provided

part so repaired

Any

The engine warranty workmanship.

Textron

part of Textron

the

This warranty

Textron

been subject to manual, or if non-genuine

cause of the

Textron

such alterations

THIS LIMITED TATIONS,

LIMITED AND ANY

USAGE.

TRADE CLAIM,

OR ANY

TORT TEXTRON CABLE TO THE

warrants each

workmanship appearing

two (2) years from

Lycoming's obligation

replacement part,

Lycoming will

Textron

in Textron Lycoming's

in which

with an authorized

Lycoming's

Lycoming

the risk of

allocates

Lycoming reserves

accident or used,

incident for

may change the

Lycoming

engines or

in

WARRANTY

OR IMPLIED

EXPRESS

ANY WARRANTY

TO

WARRANTY

IMPLIED

THIS WARRANTY

WHETHER

IN CONTRACT

RIGHT ARISING

LYCOMING'S

ENGINE OR PART

PART -RECIPROCATING

(LIMITED)

WHAT TEXTRON

new reciprocating aircraft

under this

when TextronLycoming

also reimburse you

will be warranted

or replaced

the replacement

Textron Lycoming

does not cover

warranty

which the warranty

above are your

set forth

product failure

the right

adjusted, altered,

Textron Lycoming parts are installed

construction of

pars previously

IS EXCLUSIVE

OR STATUTORY,

OF MERCHANTABILITY

ARISING IS ALSO IN

FROM

LIABILITY

WHICH GIVES

LYCOMING

one (I) year from

within

the date of shipment

warranty shall

then current Removal

for the remainder

OBLIGATIONS

YOUR

part is installed

distributor

normal maintenance

exclusive

between

any warranty

to deny

handled, minained

application

engines at any time

sold.

AND IN

FROM

LIEU OF ANY

OR IN TORT,

NEGLIGENCE

CLAIM

ON SUCH

AIRCRAFT

PROMISES

engine replacement pat

from Textron

be limited to its

has

for the costs

and Installation

have received

must

within 30 days

remedy and

you and Textron

claim if it reasonably

in or on the engine and are determined to be a possible

is filed.

LIEU OF

WHETHER

OR FITNESS

ANY COURSE

INCLUDING

ON SHALL

RISE TO THE

first operation. The

its date of

Lycoming.

choice of repair

determined that

for labor in connection

Labor Allowance Guidebook

original warranty

of the

normal use

of the appearance

consumable

expenses or

the exclusive

Lycoming,

or stored other

without incurring

ALL OTHER

OTHER

THE PART

OR

WRITTEN

FOR

OF PERFORMANCE

OBLIGATION,

RIGHT IN

ANY

OF TEXTRON

IN NO CASE

CLAIM.

ENGINE

YOU

sold by it to be free from

or replacement,

the pan is defective

with the repair

period.

and service.

of the defect in

items. The obligations

liability of Textron

as permitted

that

determines

than as directed

any obligation

WARRANTIES

ORAL, INCLUDING

ANY PARTICULAR

LIABILITY,

STRICT

EXCEED

date of first opera-

on an ex-

in material or

or replace-

apply for

You must

material or

Lycoming.

by applicable

or part has

the engine

in your operator's

to incorporate

REPRESEN-

AND

BUT NOT

PURPOSE,

OR DEALING

RIGHT

LIABILITY

LYCOMING,

PRICE

THE

defects

law.

OR OR

AND

ALLO-

on

IN

NO

EVENT, LIGENCE, DAMAGES, ENGINE

OR COST

No agreement

Lycoming

Effective

WHETHER

SHALL

TEXTRON

INCLUDING

OF A REPLACEMENT.

varying

unless in

writing

October

AS ARESULT

BUT

this warranty

signed

1, 1995

LIMITATION

LYCOMING

NOT LIMITED

or

Textron

by a duly

authorized

Revision

"J"

OF

OF A BREACH

BE LIABLE

TO LOSS

Lycoming's

representative

LIABILITY

OF WARRANTY,

FOR

SPECIAL

OF

PROFTS

obligations

of

Textron

CONTRACT

OR

CONSEQUENTIAL

OR

REVENUES,

under

it will

Lycoming.

Williamsport,

OR ALLEGED

OR

LOSS

OF USE

be binding

Textron

Pennsylvania

NEG-

ANY OTHER

OF THE

upon

Textron

Lycoming

I

. Lycoming

WARRANTY

(LIMITED)

RECIPROCATING

OVERHAULED

AIRCRAFT

ENGINE

WHAT TEXTRON

Textron Lycoming warrants workmanship appearing testing.

The date of first

Textron Lycoming's change basis, of the in material or Lycoming

will also bear the cost

Lycoming's

Any engine

The engine

Lycoming distributor

Textron

Lycoming's

the pan ofTextron

This

warranty allocates the

Textron Lycoming reserves

been subject to accident

manual,

or if non-genuine

cause of the

Textron Lycoming

such alterations THIS LIMITED

TATIONS, EXPRESS

LIMITED TO

AND ANY TRADE

USAGE. THIS

CLAIM, WHETHER

TORT

OR ANY RIGHT TEXTRON LYCOMING'S CABLE TO THE

within one (1) year

obligation under

engine or any part of the

workrmanship. Such repair

then current Removal and

or part so repaired

must have received

within

warranty does

Lycoming set forth

or used, adjusted,

incident for which

may change

in engines or

WARRANTY IS

OR IMPLIED

ANY WARRANTY OF

IMPLIED WARRANTY

WARRANTY

IN CONTRACT

ENGINE OR

each overhauled

operation must

or replaced will

reciprocating engine sold

from the date of first

not exceed two

thi:; warranty shall be limited

engine, when Textron Lycoming

or replacement will be made

for labor in connection

Installation Labor Allowance Guidebook.

be entitled to warranty

YOUR

normal

30 days of

risk of product failure between

Textron Lycoming

parts previously sold.

ARISING

LIABILITY

use and service.

the appearance

not cover nominal

abovt are your exclusive

the right to deny any

altered, handled, maintained

the warranty

PART WHICH GIVES

parts are installed

rpplication

the construction

EXCLUSIVE AND IN

OR STATUTORY,

MERCHANTABILITY ARISING FROM IS ALSO IN

O IN TORT, INCLUDING

FROM NEGLIGENCE

ON SUCH CLAIM SHALL

of engines at any

LYCOMING PROMISES

by it to be free from defects

operation, excluding necessary

(2) years from the

date of shipment

to its choice of repair

has determined

by Textron Lycoming

with the repair or

for the remainder

replacement as provided

OBLIGATIONS

You must apply

of the defect

maintenance

you and Textron Lycoming,

warranty claim if it reasonably

is filed.

LIEU OF ALL OTHER

WHETHER

ANY COURSE OF PERFORMANCE

LIEU OF ANY

ON THE

RISE TO

for warranty with

in material

or workmanship.

expenses or consumable

remedy and the exclusive

determines that

or stored other than as

in or on the

engine and are

time without incurring

WRITTEN

OR FITNESS FOR ANY

OTHER OBLIGATION,

THE CLAIM.

WARRANTIES AND REPRESEN-

OR ORAL, INCLUDING

ANY RIGHT

PART OF TEXTRON

IN NO CASE EXCEED

YOU

in material and

aircraft acceptance

from Textron

at no charge to you. Textron

of the original

liability of Textron Lycoming.

as permitted by

determined to be

any obligation

PARTICULAR PURPOSE,

IN STRICT LIABILITY

Lycoming.

or replacement, on

that the engine is defective

in Textron

warranty

an authorized

items. The

obligations on

applicable law.

the engine or part has

directed in your operator's

to incorporate

OR DEALING

LIABILITY,

RIGHT OR

LYCOMING,

THE PRICE ALLO-

an ex-

period.

Textron

a possible

BUT

NOT <

OR

AND

<

IN

I

IN

NO EVENT,

LIGENCE, DAMAGES, ENGINE

OR

No

agreement

Lycoming

Effective

WHETHER

SHALL

INCLUDING

COST

unless

in

October

TEXTRON

OF

A

varying

writing

1, 1995

AS

A RESULT

LYCOMING

BUT

NOT

signed

warranty

by a

LIMITED

or

duly

REPLACEMENT. this

Revision

LIMITATION

OF

A BREACH

BE LIABLE

TO

LOSS

Textron

Lycoming's

authorized

representative

J"

OF

LIABILITY

OF

WARRANTY,

FOR

SPECIAL

OF PROFITS

obligations

OR OR

of Textron

CONTRACT

CONSEQUENTIAL

REVENUES,

under

Lycoming.

it will

LOSS

be

Williamsport,

OR

ALLEGED

OR

OF

binding

Textron Lycoming

NEG-

ANY

OTHER

USE OF

THE

upon

Textron

Pennsylvania

i

LYCOMING

Induction System - These engines are equipped with either of two Marvel-Schebler carburetors, MA-3A or MA-3SPA. See Table 1 for model and are equipped with ticularly tained from sump and is submerged in oil, insuring a more uniform vaporization of fuel and aiding in cooling the mixture is distributed to

Ignition

Table tion

System -These engines are

speed of the aircraft. Close

a pressure and force the air through

application. Both carburetors

manual mixture control and

good distribution of the fuel-air

the center zone induction system,

each cylinder by individual

System - Dual ignition is

1 for proper model application.

wiring is so arranged as shown

designed to be cooled by air

pressure wet sump lubrication

oil in the sump. From the riser

furnished by two magnetos.

Depending on installation

in either figure 5-1, 5-2

pressure

fitting baffles build

the cylinder fins. The air

system is

are of the single barrel float

"idle cut-off". Par-

mixture to each cylinder is

which is integral with the

the fuel-air

intake pipes.

Consult

the igni-

or 5-3.

is then

type

ob-

LYCOMING

OPERATOR'S

TABLE 1

MODEL APPLICATION

MANUAL

Model

0-235-C 0-235-C,-E1,

-F1,-G1

0-235-C1B,-E1B,

-F1B,-G1B

0-235-C2A,-E2A,-F2A,

-G2A,-K2A,-J2A

0-235-L2A*,-N2A*,-P2A*

0-235-M1*

0-235-C2B,-E2B,-F2B,

-G2B,-K2B,-J2B 0-235-C2C,-H2C 0-235-K2C

0-235-L2C, -N2C**

0-290-D 0-290-D2 0-290-D2A

0-290-D2B

0-290-D2C * 0-235-L2A,

optional

-M1, -N2A, -P2A

equipment.

Magneto

Left S4LN-21 S4LN-20 S4LN-21

S4LN-200 S4LN-204 S4LN-21 S4LN-20

S4LN-21 S4LN-20

S4LN-21

S4LN-1227 4251 4252

4252

or

4281 S4LN-21

S4LN-21 S4LN-21 S4LN-21 S4LN-200

Right

S4LN-20

or

S4LN-204 S4LN-20

or

S4LN-204

S4LN-1209 4250 4250

or

4252 4250

or

4281 S4LN-20

S4LN-20 S4LN-20 S4LN-20 S4LN-204

may have two

Carburetor Flange

MA-3A MA-3A

MA-3A or -3PA AS-127-1

MA3A-3PA

MA-3A or -3PA MA-3A or -3PA MA-3A or -3PA

MA3A or -3PA

MA-3SPA MA-3SPA MA-3SPA MA-3SPA MA-3SPA

(2) S4LN-21

or -3PA AS-127-2

or -3PA

Propeller

Specification

(Modified)

AS-127-2

AS-127-2 AS-127-1

AS-127-2

AS-127-1 AS-127-1 AS-127-1

AS-127-1

AS-127-2 AS-127-2 AS-127-2 AS-127-2 AS-127-2

magnetos as

** 0-235-L2C,

1-4

-N2C may have

two (2) 4252

magnetos as optional

equipment.

LYCOMING

SPECIFICATIONS

Specifications -0-235 ................................... 2-1

Specifications - 0-290 ................................... 2-2

Accessory Drives ...................................... 2-2

Alternate Power Ratings ..... .......................... 2-3

Detail Weights ........................................ 2-4

OPERATOR'S

MANUAL

Page

LYCOMING

OPERATOR'S

MANUAL

SECTION 2 0-235 AND 0-290 SERIES

SPECIFICATIONS

0-235 SERIES

*-C-E -C1C -F-G-J -N-P

FAA Type Certificate Take-off horsepower

Take-off

RPM Rated horsepower Rated RPM Bore, inches Stroke, inches Displacement,

cu. in.

223 115

2800 2800

115

2800

4.375 4.375

3.875

233.3 233.3

223 115

108

2600

3.875

Compression ratio 6.50:1 6.75:1

Prop. drive

ratio

1:1 1:1

223

125

2800

125

2800

4.375

3.875

233.3

9.7:1

1:1

223 116

2800

116

2550

4.375

3.875

233.3

8.1:1

Prop. driven rotation

(viewed Firing Spark

Rocker clearance, * - 0-235-C1

from rear)

orders

occurs, BTC

cold .007/.009

has provision

FAA Type Certificate Take-off

horsepower

Take-off RPM

horsepower

Rated

Rated RPM Bore, inches Stroke, inches

Displacement, cu. in.

Compression ratio

Prop. drive ratio

Clockwise Clockwise

1-3-2-4

25

1-3-2-4

25

.007/.009

for two position prop.

-K-L-M 223

118

2800

118

2800

4.375

3.875

233.3

8.5:1

1:1

-H -K2C 223

115

2800

108

2600

4.375

3.875

233.3

6.75:1

1:1

Clockwise

1-3-2-4 1-3-2-4

.007/.009 .007/.009

control valve.

Clockwise

25 20

223

118

2800

115

2700

4.375

3.875

233.3

8.5:1

1:1

Prop. drive rotation

20

Clockwise

1-3-2-4

25

Clockwise

1-3-2-4

20

.007/.009

(viewed from rear)

orders

Firing Spark occurs, BTC Rocker

clearance.

cold

Clockwise

1-3-2-4

.007/.009 .007/.009

NOTE

Engine

models

model that varies Spark

advance

is also

are categorized

according to

in specification within a

found on

name plate.

their basic series.

series is listed separately.

Any

1:1

2-1

0-235

AND 0-290

LYCOMING

SERIES

OPERATOR'S

SPECIFICATIONS

0-290

SERIES

MANUAL

SECTION

2

FAA

Type Take-off Take-off Rated Rated RPM Bore, Stroke, Displacement, Compression Propeller Propeller

(viewed Firing Spark

Valve

(hyd.

Valve

(cold)

Accessory Starter

Generator Generator Alternator Vacuum Hydraulic Tachometer Magneto Fuel Pump Prop. AN

Drive

* -

Facing

Certificate horsepower RPM

horsepower

inches

drive ratio driven

from

order

occurs,

rocker

tappets

rocker

Drive

(Optional)

Pump

Governor

Drive

cubic

ratio

rotation

rear)

BTC

clearance

collapsed)

clearance

Pad.

in.

Drive

13.556:1

229 130

2800

125

2600

4.875

3.875

289.0

6.50:1 1:1

Clockwise

1-3-2-4

25

.007/.009

Ratio

1.910:1

2.500:1

3.250:1

1.300:1

0.500:1

1.000:1

0.500:1

0.866:1

1.000:1

-D2,

-D2A 229

140

2800

135

2600

4.875

3.875

289.0

7.50:1 1:1

Clockwise

1-3-2-4

18

.028-.080

*Direction

Counter-Clockwise

Counter-Clockwise Counter-Clockwise

Plunger

Counter-Clockwise

-D2B,

-D2C 229

140

2800

135

2600

4.875

3.875

289.0

7.00:1 1:1

Clockwise

1-3-2-4

25

.028-.080

of Rotation

Clockwise Clockwise Clockwise

Clockwise

Operated

Clockwise

2-2

LYCOMING

OPERATOR'S

MANUAL

SECTION

0-235-C2C 0-235-H2C 0-235-L

0-235-M

0-235-N

0-235-P

Series

2

ALTERNATE

0-235

.....................................

.........................

................................

...........................

.................................

0-235

POWER RATINGS

SERIES

.........

AND 0-290

100

SERIES

hp/2400

105 hp/2400

110 hp/2550 112 hp/2600

hp/2700

115

hp/2400

105 110 hp/2550 112 hp/2600 115 hp/2700 rpm

103 hp/2400

hp/2550

108

hp/2600

110

hp/2700

113

hp/2400

103

110 hp/2600

hp/2700

113

rpm rpm

rpm

rpm rpm rpm

rpm

rpm rpm

rpm rpm rpm rpm

rpm rpm rpm

2-3

LYCOMING

OPERATOR'S

MANUAL

SECTION 2

DETAIL

1. STANDARD ENGINE (Average)

MODEL

0-235-C. ......... ... .. ... .... ... 240.00 lbs.

0-235-C1B... .... ....................... ... 241.00 lbs.

0-235-C1, -C2A ...

0-235-C1C, -C2B, -H2C ... .......... ... 243.00 lbs.

O-235-C2C .. ................. ......... ..... 244.00 lbs.

O-235-K2C, -L2C .... ............................ 248.00 Lbs.

O-235-E B, -F1B, -N2C ..... .................. .. 249.00 lbs.

O-235-E2A, -F2A ....... ...... ......... ...... 250.00 lbs.

O-235-F2B . . ..... ..... ...... ........... 251.00 lbs.

O-235-K2A, -L2A .. ..................... .... 252.00 lbs.

O-235-N2A. ..................... 252.00 lbs.

0-235-G1, -G2A, -J2A, -K2B. ........................ 253.00 lbs.

0-235-M1, -P2A .................. ..... 255.00 lbs.

0-290-D ........................... ...... ...... 260.00 lbs.

O-290-D2A, -D2C .............................. .. 264.00 lbs.

0-290-D2B ............. ......... ..... 265.00 lbs.

............... ......

WEIGHTS

0-235 AND 0-290 SERIES

. 242.00 lbs.

2-4

LYCOMING

OPERATOR'S

MANUAL

OPERATING

General ...................... ......................... 3-1

Prestarting Items of Maintenance ........................ 3-2

Starting Procedure .................... .................. 3-2

Cold W eather Ground Running and Checks Before Take-Off Operation in Flight

Use of Carburetor Heat Control .......................... 3-6

Engine Operating Shut-Down Procedure

Performance Curves ............................

Flight Chart ....................

Starting ..................................

Warm-Up ...........................

.....................................

Conditions ..................................

................................

INSTRUCTIONS

.................................

.................

Page

3-3 3-3 3-3 3-4

3-8

3-10A

.. 3-11

LYCOMING

0-235 AND 0-290 SERIES SECTION 3

OPERATOR'S

SECTION 3

MANUAL

OPERATING

1. GENERAL. tribute to long life, economy and satisfactory operation of the engine.

YOUR ATTENTION IS DIRECTED IN PARTICULAR TO THE

WARRANTIES THAT APPEAR IN THE FRONT OF THIS MANUAL REGARDING SPECIFIED ALTERATIONS. PERHAPS NO OTHER ITEM OF ENGINE OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE CONTRIBUTES QUITE SO MUCH TO SATISFACTORY THE CONSTANT USE CORRECT ENGINE TIMING,

ALL TIMES WITHIN THE SPEED AND POWER RANGE

SPECIFIED FOR THE ENGINE. DO NOT FORGET THAT VIOLA- TION OF TIONS FOR YOUR

RANTY BUT WILL SHORTEN THE LIFE OF YOUR ENGINE AFTER ITS WARRANTY PERIOD HAS PASSED.

New engines therefore no further break-in is necessary insofar as operation is concern- ed; however, new or newly overhauled engines should be operated using only the lubricating oils recommended in the latest edition of Service In- struction

Close adherence to these

FUELS AND

OF CORRECT GRADES OF

THE OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE

ENGINE WILL NOT ONLY

have been carefully run-in

No. 1014.

INSTRUCTIONS

instructions will greatly con-

NOTE

ENGINE SPEED, THE

LUBRICANTS, REPAIRS

PERFORMANCE

AND FLYING THE AIRPLANE

NOTE

AND LONGLIFE AS

FUEL AND OIL

SPECIFICA-

VOID YOUR WAR-

by Lycoming and

USE OF

AND

AT

Cruising should be done at 65% to 75% power until a total of 50 hours has

accumulated or oil consumption seating of the rings and is applicable to new engines, and engines in ser-

vice following cylinder replacement or top overhaul at one of more

cylinders.

The minimum fuel octane rating is listed in the Flight Chart, Part 8 of this section. Under no circumstances should fuel of a lower octane rating or automotive (regardless of octane rating) be used.

has stabilized. This is to

insure proper

3-1

LYCOMING OPERATOR'S

SECTION 3 0-235 AND 0-290 SERIES

2. PRESTARTING ITEMS OF MAINTENANCE. Before starting the aircraft engine for the first maintenance inspection Section 4 under Daily before the

3. STARTING PROCEDURE.

a. Perform pre-flight inspection. b. Head airplane into wind. c. Lock wheels by either wheel brakes or chocks. d. Set carburetor heat control in "cold" position.

engine is started.

flight of the day, there are several that should be performed. Pre-Flight Inspection. They

MANUAL

items of

These are described in

must be observed

e. Set propeller governor f. Turn fuel valve to "on" position. g. Set throttle at 1/4 travel. h. Move mixture control to "Full Rich". i. Turn boost pump on.

j. Pump throttle to full open

for a cold engine. If engine is equipped with a priming system, cold

engine may k. Set magneto selector switch. Consult airframe manufacturer's

handbook for correct position.

1. Engage starter. m. When engine fires, place magneto switch in "Both" position. n. Check oil pressure gage. If oil pressure is not indicated within thirty

seconds, stop engine and determine trouble.

3-2

be primed with 1 to 3

(if applicable) in "Full RPM"

and back to idle position for

strokes of the priming pump.

position.

2 to 3 strokes

LYCOMING

OPERATOR'S

MANUAL

0-235 AND

4. COLD

0-290

SERIES

WEATHER STARTING.

be necessary to preheat

5. GROUND

pressure maintain operating recommended

Any ground check

three minutes, the maximum

RUNNING AND

cooled and depend

proper

cooling.

these engines

that the

that requires

or less if

as stated in this

a. Head the aircraft b. If

a controllable

the ground only

c.

Leave the mixture

pitch propeller

with the propeller in minimum

d. Avoid prolonged fouled plugs. warm engine

e. Use of the solute minimum.

Limit ground

for take-off.

carburetor air

On some the air filter and dirt engine

with the resultant heat should be ing

properly.

used on the ground

During

the engine and oil

extreme cold

before starting.

WARM-UP.

on the forward

Particular

on the ground.

following procedures

care

is necessary,

To prevent

movement

be

NOTE

the indicated cylinder

into the

full throttle manual

wind.

operation must

head temperature

is installed, operated

control in "Full Rich".

idling at

low RPM as

running

to minimum

this practice may

heat on the ground

installations

the air does

and foreign substances can

cylinder

and piston ring

only to

make certain it

SECTION

weather, it

Subject engines

of the aircraft

therefore,

overheating,

observed.

be limited to

the engine

blade angle setting.

time necessary

must be held

not pass through

be taken into the

wear. Carburetor

is function-

3

may

are air

to

when

it is

exceeds

on

result in

to

to an ab-

air

6. CHECKS BEFORE

a. Warm

b. Check both

c. Set carburetor

Loss fixed pitch

will

up as directed

oil temperature

air heat

of manifold pressure

or controllable

result if the

control is working

position after check.

TAKE-OFF.

above.

and oil pressure.

control for "full

or RPM pitch propeller

(or both), depending

heat" to check

is installed

properly.

Return control

operation.

on whether

on the aircraft,

to "cold"

3-3

a

LYCOMING

OPERATOR'S

MANUAL

SECTION 3

d. A proper magneto check the ignition system, output, propeller pitch and that the engine runs variables listed above. Make following

(1) Controllable Pitch

angle, set the engine to produce manifold position. At these settings work harder Under these conditions, ignition Magneto checks distribution quality.

Aircraft

with manifold

operating

(2) Switch from both both until engine note drop-off, then and should not exceed 50 smooth drop-off past mixture.

(3) Do not

seconds

fouling.

procedures:

pressure gage. Mixture

that are equipped with fixd pitch

pressure

at approximately 1800 RPM

operate on a single magneto

is usually sufficient to check

affect magneto drop-off. They

smoothly because drop-off

because

of the greater

at low power settings will

gage, may check

magnetos to one and note

regains speed and switch

return to both. Drop-off should

normal is usually a sign of a

0-235 AND 0-290

is important. Additional factors,

mixture strength. The important

the magneto check in accordance

Propeller - With propeller

50 to 65% power as indicated

control should be in the

the ignition system and spark

pressure within

problems, if they exist,

NOTE

propellers, or not equipped

magneto drop-off

(2000 RPM maximum).

RPM difference between

for too long a period, 2 to

drop-off and will minimize

is affected by the

in minimum pitch

only indicate fuel-air

drop-off, return to

to the other magneto and

too lean or too rich

SERIES

other then

are, load-power

thing is

with the

by the

full rich

plugs must

the cylinders.

will occur.

with engine

not exceed 175

magnetos. A

3

plug

7. OPERATION IN FLIGHT. A. See airframe manufacturer's instructions for correct manifold

pressure for power settings.

B.

Fuel Mixture Leaning Procedure

flight is

take-off and climb manual provide proper engines, they eliminating excessive replacement. It is therefore

responsible for many engine

power settings. The procedures

fuel-air mixture when leaning

have proven to be both economical

fuel consumption and reducing

recommended that operators

-Improper fuel-air mixture problems, particularly during

described in this

Avco Lycoming

and practical by

damaged parts

of all Avco

during

LYCOMING OPERATOR'S MANUAL

AND 0-290 SERIES

0-235

Lycoming tion any time

Never exceed

continuous operation

For tained

On direct drive control in "Full Rich" tinuous, from high elevation airport

result from over-richness.

may enough to obtain struments for temperature rise. mixture is most likely

Always enrich

C. LEANING TO

(1) Above 75% power -Never lean beyond 150°F. on rich side of peak

EGT unless aircraft operator's manual shows otherwise. Monitor cylinder head temperature.

(2)

D. LEANING WITH MANUAL MIXTURE CONTROL. (At 75%

power or

(1) Slowly move mixture control from "Full Rich" position toward lean position.

aircraft powerplants

the fuel-air

LEANING

the maximum red line cylinder

below 435°F.

climb and cruise

75% power and below

less without

(224°C.).

engines with manual mixture

position for rated take-off rated

smooth operation - not

to be encountered at altitude

mixture before increasing

EXHAUST GAS TEMPERATURE

flowmeter

utilize the

mixture is

PRECAUTIONS

cylinder

powers above

or during climb, roughness or

head temperatures

such a case adjust

In

Rough operation due to over-rich

-Operate at peak

or EGT

instructions

adjusted during

head temperature limit.

control maintain mixture

75%. However,

mixture control

for economy. Observe in-

power.

EGT.

gage.)

SECTION

in this publica-

flight.

should be

maxmimum con-

during take-off

loss of power

fuel-air

above 5,000 feet.

GAGE.

3

main-

only

(2) Continue leaning until engine roughness is noted. (3) Enrich until

E. ALTERNATE

propellers.)

(1) Slowly move watching tachometer.

(2) At this point enrich until is obtained at this point.

engine runs smoothly

METHOD. (In calm

mixture control toward lean

Continue leaning until

RPM just peaks. Correct

and power is regained.

air and engines with fixed pitch

position while closely

RPM decreases.

fuel-air ratio

3-5

LYCOMING OPERATOR'S MANUAL

SECTION 3 0-235 AND 0-290 SERIES

NOTE

Leaning may be done at any altitude that the engine will accept leaning: The greater the altitude the more important leaning becomes. Proper leaning is important because more engine power and increased air speed are obtained along with decreased fuel consumption, longer spark plug life, less lead fouling, temperatures. Engine damage from leaning the mixture does not occur at the specified cruise power power plant, but is the result of improper leaning atpower settings above recommended

Use of Carburetor Heat Control

F.

conditions, it is possible for ice to form in the induction system even in summer weather. This is due to the high air velocity through the car- buretor venturi and the absorption of heat from this air by evaporization of the fuel. The temperature in the mixture chamber may drop 20°F. to 70°F. below

this air contains a large cause begin in the vicinity of the extent that a drop in manifold power output results. This loss of power is reflected by a drop in manifold with constant

RPM in detected, this condition will continue to such an extent that the reduced power will cause complete engine stoppage.

To avoid this condition, all installations are equipped with a system for preheating the incoming air supply to the carburetor. In this way, sufficient heat is added to replace the heat loss to vaporization of fuel, and the mixing point of water. This air preheater is essentially a tube or jacket through which the exhaust pipe from one or more cylinders is passed, and the air flowing over these surfaces is raised to the required temperature before entering the carburetor. Consistently high temperatures are to decided variation of the mixture. High charge temperatures also favor detonation and preignition, both of which are to be avoided if normal service life the proper method

cruise.

precipitation in the form

speed propellers and a drop

installations equipped with

chamber's temperature cannot

is to be expected from the

and more normal oil

for the model engine in a basically

-Under certain moist atmospheric

the temperature of the incoming

amount of moisture, the

of ice. These ice formations generally

butterfly and will often build

pressure in installations

fixed pitch propellers. If not

be avoided because of a loss

engine. The following outline

of utilizing the carburetor

and cylinder head

healthy

air. If

cooling process will

up to such an

equipped

in manifold pressure and

drop to the freezing

of power and a

is

heat control.

Textron Lycoming O-235 Series, Lycoming O-290 Series Operator's Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

ATTENTION

SAFETY WARNING

entitled to warranty

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Cylinders

Crankcase

crankshaft ends

Piston

Gears - Are of to insure

0-235 SERIES

SERIES

1. GENERAL. tribute to long life, economy and satisfactory operation of the engine.

Use of Carburetor Heat Control