
TLV2231, TLV2231Y
Advanced LinCMOS RAIL-TO-RAIL
LOW-POWER SINGLE OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS158C – JUNE 1996 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1997
1
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
D
Output Swing Includes Both Supply Rails
D
Low Noise...15 nV/√Hz Typ at f = 1 kHz
D
Low Input Bias Current...1 pA Typ
D
Fully Specified for Single-Supply 3-V and
5-V Operation
D
Common-Mode Input Voltage Range
Includes Negative Rail
D
High Gain Bandwidth...2 MHz at
V
DD
= 5 V with 600 Ω Load
D
High Slew Rate...1.6 V/µs at VDD = 5 V
D
Wide Supply Voltage Range
2.7 V to 10 V
D
Macromodel Included
description
The TL V2231 is a single low-voltage operational amplifier available in the SOT-23 package. It offers 2 MHz of
bandwidth and 1.6 V/µs of slew rate for applications requiring good ac performance. The device exhibits
rail-to-rail output performance for increased dynamic range in single or split supply applications. The TL V2231
is fully characterized at 3 V and 5 V and is optimized for low-voltage applications.
The TLV2231, exhibiting high input impedance and low noise, is excellent for small-signal conditioning of
high-impedance sources, such as piezoelectric transducers. Because of the micropower dissipation levels
combined with 3-V operation, these devices work well in hand-held monitoring and remote-sensing
applications. In addition, the rail-to-rail output feature with single- or split-supplies makes this family a great
choice when interfacing with analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). The device can also drive 600-Ω loads for
telecom applications.
With a total area of 5.6mm
2
, the SOT-23 package only requires one-third the board space of the standard 8-pin
SOIC package. This ultra-small package allows designers to place single amplifiers very close to the signal
source, minimizing noise pick-up from long PCB traces. TI has also taken special care to provide a pinout that
is optimized for board layout (see Figure 1). Both inputs are separated by GND to prevent coupling or leakage
paths. The OUT and IN– terminals are on the same end of the board for providing negative feedback. Finally,
gain setting resistors and decoupling capacitor are easily placed around the package.
V
I
V
DD+
OUTIN–
VDD/GND
IN+
C
R
I
R
F
GND
V+
V
O
1
2
3
4
5
Figure 1. Typical Surface Mount Layout for a Fixed-Gain Noninverting Amplifier
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of
Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
DBV PACKAGE
(TOP VIEW)
5
43
1
2
IN–
V
DD–
/GND
IN+ V
DD+
OUT
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.
Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments
standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include
testing of all parameters.
Copyright 1997, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Advanced LinCMOS is a trademark of Texas Instruments Incorporated.

TLV2231, TLV2231Y
Advanced LinCMOS RAIL-TO-RAIL
LOW-POWER SINGLE OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS158C – JUNE 1996 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1997
2
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
AVAILABLE OPTIONS
(Y)
0°C to 70°C 3 mV TLV2231CDBV VAEC
–40°C to 85°C 3 mV TLV2231IDBV VAEI
†
The DBV package available in tape and reel only.
‡
Chip forms are tested at TA = 25°C only.
TLV2231Y chip information
This chip, when properly assembled, displays characteristics similar to the TL V2231C. Thermal compression
or ultrasonic bonding may be used on the doped-aluminum bonding pads. This chip may be mounted with
conductive epoxy or a gold-silicon preform.
BONDING PAD ASSIGNMENTS
CHIP THICKNESS: 10 MILS TYPICAL
BONDING PADS: 4 × 4 MILS MINIMUM
TJmax = 150°C
TOLERANCES ARE ±10%.
ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILS.
PIN (2) IS INTERNALLY CONNECTED
TO BACKSIDE OF CHIP.
+
–
OUT
IN+
IN–
V
DD+
(5)
(1)
(3)
(4)
(2)
V
DD–
/GND
40
(3)
(2)
(1)
(5)
(4)
32

TLV2231, TLV2231Y
LOW-POWER SINGLE OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS158C – JUNE 1996 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1997
RAIL-TO-RAILAdvanced LinCMOS
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
• 6–3
equivalent schematic
Q3 Q6 Q9 Q12 Q14 Q16
Q2 Q5 Q7 Q8 Q10 Q11
D1
Q17Q15Q13
Q4Q1
R5
C1
V
DD+
IN+
IN–
R3
R7
R1
R2
OUT
V
DD–/ GND
COMPONENT COUNT
†
Transistors
Diodes
Resistors
Capacitors
23
5
11
2
†
Includes both amplifiers and all
ESD, bias, and trim circuitry
R6
C2
R4

TLV2231, TLV2231Y
Advanced LinCMOS RAIL-TO-RAIL
LOW-POWER SINGLE OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS158C – JUNE 1996 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1997
4
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
†
Supply voltage, V
DD
(see Note 1) 12 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Differential input voltage, V
ID
(see Note 2) ±V
DD
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Input voltage range, V
I
(any input, see Note 1) –0.3 V to V
DD
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Input current, I
I
(each input) ±5 mA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Output current, I
O
±50 mA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total current into V
DD+
±50 mA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total current out of V
DD–
±50 mA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Duration of short-circuit current (at or below) 25°C (see Note 3) unlimited. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Continuous total power dissipation See Dissipation Rating Table. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating free-air temperature range, T
A
: TLV2231C 0°C to 70°C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TLV2231I –40°C to 85°C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Storage temperature range, T
stg
–65°C to 150° C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds: DBV package 260°C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
†
Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not
implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
NOTES: 1. All voltage values, except differential voltages, are with respect to V
DD –
.
2. Differential voltages are at the noninverting input with respect to the inverting input. Excessive current flows when input is brought
below V
DD–
– 0.3 V.
3. The output may be shorted to either supply. Temperature and /or supply voltages must be limited to ensure that the maximum
dissipation rating is not exceeded.
DISSIPATION RATING TABLE
POWER RATING ABOVE TA = 25°CAPOWER RATINGAPOWER RATING
DBV 150 mW 1.2 mW/°C 96 mW 78 mW
recommended operating conditions
TLV2231C TLV2231I
Supply voltage, VDD(see Note 1)
2.7 10 2.7 10 V
Input voltage range, V
I
V
DD–VDD+
–1.3 V
DD–VDD+
–1.3 V
Common-mode input voltage, V
IC
V
DD–VDD+
–1.3 V
DD–VDD+
–1.3 V
Operating free-air temperature, T
A
0 70 –40 85 °C
NOTE 1: All voltage values, except differential voltages, are with respect to V
DD –
.

TLV2231, TLV2231Y
Advanced LinCMOS RAIL-TO-RAIL
LOW-POWER SINGLE OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS158C – JUNE 1996 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1997
5
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
electrical characteristics at specified free-air temperature, VDD = 3 V (unless otherwise noted)
V
IO
Input offset voltage
Input offset voltage
long-term drift
(see Note 4)
IC
= 0,
RS = 50 Ω
25°C
0.003 0.003 µV/mo
IOH = –1 mA 25°C 2.87 2.87
V
OH
High-level output
VIC = 1.5 V, IOL = 50 µA 25°C 10 10
V
OL
Low-level output
differential voltage
VIC = 1.5 V,
RL = 1 MΩ
‡
25°C 250 250
r
id
Differential input
resistance
25°C 10
12
10
12
Ω
r
ic
Common-mode input
resistance
25°C 10
12
10
12
Ω
c
ic
Common-mode input
capacitance
f = 10 kHz 25°C 6 6 pF
z
o
Closed-loop output
impedance
f = 1 MHz, AV = 1 25°C 156 156
Ω
= 0 to 1.7 V,
25°C 60 70 60 70
VO = 1.5 V, RS = 50 Ω
Full range 55 55
= 2.7 V to 8 V,
25°C 70 96 70 96
SVR
rejection ratio
(∆VDD /∆VIO)
VIC = VDD/2, No load
Full range 70 70
†
Full range for the TLV2231C is 0°C to 70°C. Full range for the TLV2231I is – 40°C to 85°C.
‡
Referenced to 1.5 V
NOTE 4: T ypical values are based on the input offset voltage shift observed through 500 hours of operating life test at TA = 150°C extrapolated
to TA = 25°C using the Arrhenius equation and assuming an activation energy of 0.96 eV .

TLV2231, TLV2231Y
Advanced LinCMOS RAIL-TO-RAIL
LOW-POWER SINGLE OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS158C – JUNE 1996 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1997
6
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
operating characteristics at specified free-air temperature, VDD = 3 V
25°C
0.75 1.25 0.75 1.25
SR
y
gain
VO = 1.1 V to 1.9 V,
CL = 100 pF
‡
RL = 600 Ω‡,
Equivalent input
f = 10 Hz 25°C 105 105
noise voltage
f = 1 kHz
25°C 16 16
n
f = 0.1 Hz to 1 Hz 25°C 1.4 1.4
noise voltage
f = 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz
25°C 1.5 1.5
µ
I
n
Equivalent input
noise current
25°C 0.6 0.6
fA/√Hz
VO = 1 V to 2 V,
0.285% 0.285%
Total harmonic
7.2% 7.2%
THD+N
distortion plus
AV = 10
25°C
0.098% 0.098%
RL = 600 Ω
AV = 100 0.13% 0.13%
Gain-bandwidth
product
f = 10 kHz,
CL = 100 pF
‡
RL = 600 Ω‡,
25°C 1.9 1.9 MHz
B
OM
Maximum outputswing bandwidth
V
O(PP)
= 1 V,
RL = 600 Ω‡,
AV = 1,
CL = 100 pF
‡
25°C 60 60 kHz
AV = –1,
Step = 1 V to 2 V,
To 0.1%
RL = 600 Ω‡,
CL = 100 pF
‡
To 0.01%
φ
m
Phase margin at
unity gain
RL = 600 Ω‡, CL = 100 pF
25°C 8 8 dB
†
Full range is –40°C to 85°C.
‡
Referenced to 1.5 V
§
Referenced to 0 V

TLV2231, TLV2231Y
Advanced LinCMOS RAIL-TO-RAIL
LOW-POWER SINGLE OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS158C – JUNE 1996 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1997
7
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
electrical characteristics at specified free-air temperature, VDD = 5 V (unless otherwise noted)
V
IO
Input offset voltage
Input offset voltage
long-term drift
(see Note 4)
IC
= 0,
RS = 50 Ω
25°C
0.003 0.003 µV/mo
IOH = –1 mA 25°C 4.9 4.9
V
OH
High-level output
VIC = 2.5 V, IOL = 500 µA 25°C 80 80
V
OL
Low-level output
differential voltage
VIC = 2.5 V,
RL = 1 MΩ
‡
25°C 400 400
r
id
Differential input
resistance
25°C 10
12
10
12
Ω
r
ic
Common-mode input
resistance
25°C 10
12
10
12
Ω
c
ic
Common-mode input
capacitance
f = 10 kHz 25°C 6 6 pF
z
o
Closed-loop output
impedance
f = 1 MHz, AV = 1 25°C 138 138
Ω
= 0 to 2.7 V,
25°C 60 70 60 70
VO = 2.5 V, RS = 50 Ω
Full range 55 55
= 4.4 V to 8 V,
25°C 70 96 70 96
SVR
rejection ratio
(∆VDD /∆VIO)
VIC = VDD/2, No load
Full range 70 70
†
Full range for the TLV2231C is 0°C to 70°C. Full range for the TLV2231I is – 40°C to 85°C.
‡
Referenced to 2.5 V
NOTE 5: T ypical values are based on the input offset voltage shift observed through 500 hours of operating life test at TA = 150°C extrapolated
to TA = 25°C using the Arrhenius equation and assuming an activation energy of 0.96 eV .

TLV2231, TLV2231Y
Advanced LinCMOS RAIL-TO-RAIL
LOW-POWER SINGLE OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS158C – JUNE 1996 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1997
8
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
operating characteristics at specified free-air temperature, VDD = 5 V
,
Full
range
0.7 0.7
V/µs
Equivalent input
f = 10 Hz 25°C 100 100
noise voltage
f = 1 kHz
25°C 15 15
n
f = 0.1 Hz to 1 Hz 25°C 1.4 1.4
noise voltage
f = 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz
25°C 1.5 1.5
µ
I
n
Equivalent input
noise current
25°C 0.6 0.6
fA/√Hz
VO = 1.5 V to 3.5 V,
0.409% 0.409%
Total harmonic
3.68% 3.68%
THD+N
distortion plus
AV = 10
25°C
0.045% 0.045%
RL = 600 Ω
AV = 100 0.1 16% 0.116%
Gain-bandwidth
product
f = 10 kHz,
CL = 100 pF
‡
RL = 600 Ω‡,
25°C 2 2 MHz
B
OM
Maximum
output-swing
bandwidth
V
O(PP)
= 1 V,
RL = 600 Ω‡,
AV = 1,
CL = 100 pF
‡
25°C 300 300 kHz
AV = –1,
Step = 1.5 V to 3.5 V ,
To 0.1%
RL = 600 Ω‡,
CL = 100 pF
‡
To 0.01%
φ
m
Phase margin at
unity gain
R
25°C 8 8 dB
†
Full range is –40°C to 85°C.
‡
Referenced to 2.5 V
§
Referenced to 0 V

TLV2231, TLV2231Y
Advanced LinCMOS RAIL-TO-RAIL
LOW-POWER SINGLE OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS158C – JUNE 1996 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1997
9
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
electrical characteristics at VDD = 3 V, TA = 25°C (unless otherwise noted)
V
IO
Input offset voltage
750 µV
I
IO
Input offset current
VDD± = ±1.5 V,
VIC = 0, VO = 0,
0.5 pA
I
IB
Input bias current
1 pA
–0.3
V
ICR
Common-mode input voltage range |VIO| ≤5 mV, RS = 50 Ω
to
V
2.2
V
OH
High-level output voltage IOH = –1 mA 2.87 V
VIC = 1.5 V, IOL = 50 µA 10
VOLLow-level output voltage
VIC = 1.5 V, IOL = 500 µA 100
Large-signal differential voltage
r
id
Differential input resistance 10
12
Ω
r
ic
Common-mode input resistance 10
12
Ω
c
ic
Common-mode input capacitance f = 10 kHz 6 pF
z
o
Closed-loop output impedance f = 1 MHz, AV = 1 156 Ω
CMRR Common-mode rejection ratio VIC = 0 to 1.7 V, VO = 0, RS = 50 Ω 60 70 dB
Supply voltage rejection ratio
I
DD
Supply current VO = 0, No load 750 µA
†
Referenced to 1.5 V
electrical characteristics at VDD = 5 V, TA = 25°C (unless otherwise noted)
V
IO
Input offset voltage
710 µV
I
IO
Input offset current
VDD± = ±1.5 V,
VIC = 0, VO = 0,
0.5 pA
I
IB
Input bias current
1 pA
–0.3
V
ICR
Common-mode input voltage range |VIO| ≤5 mV, RS = 50 Ω
to
V
4.2
V
OH
High-level output voltage IOH = –1 mA 4.9 V
VIC = 2.5 V, IOL = 500 µA 80
VOLLow-level output voltage
VIC = 2.5 V, IOL = 1 mA 160
Large-signal differential voltage
r
id
Differential input resistance 10
12
Ω
r
ic
Common-mode input resistance 10
12
Ω
c
ic
Common-mode input capacitance f = 10 kHz 6 pF
z
o
Closed-loop output impedance f = 1 MHz, AV = 1 138 Ω
CMRR Common-mode rejection ratio VIC = 0 to 1.7 V, VO = 0, RS = 50 Ω 60 70 dB
Supply voltage rejection ratio
I
DD
Supply current VO = 0, No load 850 µA
†
Referenced to 2.5 V