Drive Capability and Output Counts
– 80 mA (Current Sink) x 16 Bits
– 120 mA (Current Sink) x 8 Bits
D
Constant Current Output Range
– 5 to 80 mA/10 to 120mA (Selectable by
MODE Terminal) (C urrent Value Setting f or
All Output Terminals Using External
Resistor and Internal Brightness Control
Register)
D
Constant Current Accuracy
– ±4% (Maximum Error Between Bits)
D
Voltage Applied to Constant Current Output
Terminals
– Minimum 0.4 V (Output Current 5 mA to
40 mA)
– Minimum 0.7 V (Output Current 40 to
80 mA)
D
256 Gray Scale Display
– Pulse Width Control 256 Steps
D
Brightness Adjustment
– Output Current Adjustment for 32 Steps
(Adjustment for Brightness Deviation
Between LED Modules)
– 8 Steps Brightness Control by 8 Times
Speed Gray Scale Control Clock
(Brightness Adjustment for Panel)
D
Error Output Signal Check
– Check Error Output Signal Line Such as
Protection Circuit When Operating
description
LED DRIVER
SLLS391 – NOVEMBER 1999
D
Data Output Timing Selectable
– Select Data Output Timing for Shift
Register Relative to Clock
D
OVM (Output Voltage Monitor)
– Monitor Voltage on Constant Current
Output Terminals (Detect LED
Disconnection and Short Circuit)
D
WDT (Watchdog Timer)
– Turn Output Off When Scan Signal
Stopped
D
TSD (Thermal ShutDown)
– Turn Output Off When Junction
T emperature Exceeds Limit
D
Data Input
– Clock Synchronized 8 Bit Parallel Input
(Schmitt-Triggered Input)
D
Data Output
– Clock Synchronized 8 Bit Parallel Output
(3-State Output)
D
Input Signal Level . . . CMOS Level
D
Power Supply Voltage . . . 4.5 V to 5.5 V
D
Maximum Output Voltage . . . 17 V (Max)
D
Data Transfer Rate . . . 15 MHz (Max)
D
Gray Scale Clock Frequency
8 MHz (Max)
D
Operating Free-Air Temperature Range
–20_C to 85_C
D
100-Pin HTQFP Package (PD=4.7 W,
T
= 25°C)
A
TLC5904
The TLC5904 is a constant current driver incorporating shift register, data latch, and constant current circuitry
with current value adjustable and a 256 gray scale display using pulse width control. The output current can be
selected as maximum 80 mA with 16 bits or 120 mA with 8 bits, and the current value of constant current output
can be set by one external resistor. After this device is mounted on a PCB, the brightness deviation between
LED modules (ICs) can be adjusted by external data input, and the brightness control for the panel can be
accomplished by the brightness adjustment circuitry . Also, the device incorporates the output voltage monitor
(OVM) used for LED open detection (LOD) by monitoring the constant current output. Moreover, the device
incorporates watchdog time (WDT) circuitry , which turns the constant current output of f when a scan signal is
stopped at the dynamic scanning operation, and thermal shutdown (TSD) circuitry, which turns the constant
current output off when the junction temperature exceeds the limit.
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of
Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.
Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments
standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include
testing of all parameters.
NOTE: All the input terminals are with Schmitt-triggered inverter except IREF and WDCAP.
WDT
Current Reference
Circuit
Constant Current Driver
16 bits
OUT0OUT15
16 bits
OVM Comp
XDOWN2
LATCH
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
3
TLC5904
LED DRIVER
SLLS391 – NOVEMBER 1999
functional block diagram for shift register and data latch
MCENA
DIN<0:7>
BCENA
XLATCH
XENABLE
DCLK
DCLK
Controller
OVM Data Latch
(1 x 8 bit)
OVM Shift Register
(1 x 8 bit)
Brightness Control Data Latch
(1 x 8 bit)
Brightness Control Shift Register
(1 x 8 bit)
Gray Scale Control Data Latch
(16 x 8 bit)
Gray Scale Control Shift Register
(16 x 8 bit / 8 x 8 bit)
16 bit OVM Comparator
XDOWN1, 2 Output Driver
88
Constant Current Driver Control
Gray Scale Clock Counter
8
16 x 8 bit Data Comparator
8
8
MODE
RSEL<0:1>
DOMODE
XOE
Note: Enclosed in () is dependent
on MODE pin selection.
1 bit
S/R
8
8
DOUT<0:7>
4
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
equivalent input and output schematic diagrams
TLC5904
LED DRIVER
SLLS391 – NOVEMBER 1999
Input
DOUT0–7, GSOUT, BOUT
XDOWN1, XDOWN2
VCCLOG
INPUT
GNDLOG
VCCLOG
OUTPUT
GNDLOG
XDOWN1, XDOWN2
OUTn
GNDLOG
OUTn
GNDLED
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
5
TLC5904
I/O
DESCRIPTION
Á
Á
Á
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Á
Á
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Á
Á
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Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
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Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
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LED DRIVER
SLLS391 – NOVEMBER 1999
TERMINAL
NAMENO.
ÁÁÁÁ
BCENA
ÁÁÁÁ
ÁÁÁÁ
BLANK
ÁÁÁÁ
BOUT
DCLK
ÁÁÁÁ
ÁÁÁÁ
DIN0 – DIN7
ÁÁÁÁ
DOMODE
ÁÁÁÁ
DOUT0 – DOUT7
ÁÁÁÁ
GNDANA
GNDLOG
GNDLED
ÁÁÁÁ
GSCLK
ÁÁÁÁ
GSOUT
IREF
ÁÁÁÁ
MCENA
ÁÁÁÁ
MODE
ÁÁÁÁ
ÁÁÁÁ
NC
ÁÁÁÁ
ÁÁÁÁ
OUT0 – OUT15
ÁÁÁÁ
ÁÁÁÁ
RSEL0
RSEL1
ÁÁÁÁ
БББББ
БББББ
БББББ
БББББ
БББББ
БББББ
БББББ
БББББ
БББББ
БББББ
БББББ
БББББ
БББББ
1,2,4,6,9,11,14,16,
БББББ
19,21,23,24,25,27,
28,30,31,34,35,37,
БББББ
38,44,50,82,86,88,
БББББ
89,91,92,95,97,98,
БББББ
БББББ
БББББ
БББББ
85
68
57
65
70,71,72,73,
76,77,78,79
74
55,54,53,52,
51,49,48,47
43
84
5,10,15,20,
29,36,90,96
69
56
40
46
83
99
87,93,94,100,
3,7,8,12,13,
17,18,22,26,
32,33,39
66
67
Terminal Functions
Brightness control enable. When BCENA is low, the brightness control latch is set to the
Á
ББББББББББББББББББББ
default value. The output current value in this status is 100% of the setting value by an
I
external resistor. The frequency division ratio of GSCLK is1/1. When BCENA is high,
Á
ББББББББББББББББББББ
writing to brightness control latch is enabled.
Blank(light off). When BLANK is high, all the output of the constant current driver is turned
off. The constant current output, which the gray scale data is not zero, is turned on (LED
Á
ББББББББББББББББББББ
I
on) synchronizing to the falling edge of GSCLK after the next rising edge of GSCLK when
Á
ББББББББББББББББББББ
BLANK goes from high to low.
O
Blank signal delay. BOUT is the output with addition of delay time to BLANK.
Clock input for data transfer. The input data is from DIN. All data on the shift register is
selected by RSEL0 and RSEL1, and output data at DOUT is shifted by 1 bit synchronizing
I
Á
ББББББББББББББББББББ
to DCLK. The data except for DOUT is synchronized to the rising edge, and the edge for
data from DOUT is determined by the level of DOMODE.
Á
ББББББББББББББББББББ
Input for 8 bit parallel data. These terminals are inputs to the shift register for gray scale
I
data, brightness control, and OVM. The register selected is determined by RSEL0, 1.
Timing select for data output. When DOMODE is low , DOUT0–7 is changed synchronizing
ÁIББББББББББББББББББББ
to the rising edge of DCLK. When DOMODE is high, DOUT0–7 is changed synchronizing
to the falling edge of DCLK.
Output for 8 bit parallel data with 3-state. These terminals are outputs to the shift register
Á
ББББББББББББББББББББ
for gray scale data, brightness control, and OVM. The register selected is determined by
O
RSEL0, 1.
Á
ББББББББББББББББББББ
Analog ground (internally connected to GNDLOG and GNDLED)
Logic ground (internally connected to GNDANA and GNDLED)
LED driver ground (internally connected to GNDANA and GNDLOG)
Á
ББББББББББББББББББББ
Clock input for gray scale. The gray scale display is accomplished by lighting LEDs until
the number of GSCLK counted is equal to data latched.
ÁIББББББББББББББББББББ
O
Clock delay for gray scale. GSOUT is the output with the addition of delay time to GSCLK.
Constant current value setting. LED current is set to the desired value by connecting an
external resistor between IREF and GND. The 37 times current compares current across
I/O
the external resistor sink on the output terminal.
Á
ББББББББББББББББББББ
OVM enable. When MCENA is low, the OVM latch is set to the default value. The
comparison voltage in this status is 0.3V. When MCENA is high, writing to the OVM latch
ÁIББББББББББББББББББББ
is enabled.
8/16 bits select. When MODE is high, 16 bits output is selected. When MODE is low, 8 bits
I
output is selected.
Á
ББББББББББББББББББББ
Á
ББББББББББББББББББББ
No internal connection
Á
ББББББББББББББББББББ
Á
ББББББББББББББББББББ
Constant current output
ÁOББББББББББББББББББББ
Shift register data latch switching. When RSEL1 is low, gray scale data shift register latch
Á
ББББББББББББББББББББ
is selected at RSEL0 low, and the brightness control register latch is selected at RSEL0
I
high. When RSEL1 is high, the OVM register latch is selected at RSEL0 low, and no
Á
ББББББББББББББББББББ
register latch is selected at RSEL0 high.
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
6
I/O
DESCRIPTION
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TERMINAL
NAMENO.
TSENA
ÁÁÁÁ
TEST1
TEST2
THERMAL PAD
VCCANA
VCCLOG
VCCLED
WDTRG
ÁÁÁÁ
ÁÁÁÁ
WDCAP
ÁÁÁÁ
XDOWN1
ÁÁÁÁ
XDOWN2
ÁÁÁÁ
ÁÁÁÁ
XENABLE
ÁÁÁÁ
XLATCH
ÁÁÁÁ
XOE
80
ÁÁÁÁ
58
75
package bottom
45
81
41
62
ÁÁÁÁ
ÁÁÁÁ
42
ÁÁÁÁ
60
ÁÁÁÁ
59
ÁÁÁÁ
ÁÁÁÁ
64
ÁÁÁÁ
61
ÁÁÁÁ
63
LED DRIVER
SLLS391 – NOVEMBER 1999
Terminal Functions (Continued)
TSD(thermal shutdown) enable. When TSENA is high, TSD is enabled. When TSENA is
I
Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
БББББББББББББББББББ
low, TSD is disabled.
TEST. Factory test terminal. TEST1 and TEST2 should be connected to GND for normal
I
operation.
Heat sink pad. This pad is connected to the lowest potential IC or thermal layer.
Analog power supply voltage
Logic power supply voltage
LED driver power supply voltage
WDT (watchdog timer) trigger input. By applying a scan signal to this terminal, the scan
signal can be monitored by turning the constant current output off to protect the LED from
I
БББББББББББББББББББ
damage if the scan signal stops during the constant period designed.
WDT (watchdog timer) detection time adjustment. WDT detection time is adjusted by
БББББББББББББББББББ
connecting a capacitor between WDCAP and GND. When WDCAP is directly connected
I
to GND, WDT function is disabled. In this case, WDTRG should be tied to a high or a low
БББББББББББББББББББ
level.
Shutdown. XDOWN1 is configured as open collector. It goes low when constant current
O
output is shut down by WDT or TSD function.
БББББББББББББББББББ
OVM comparator output. XDOWN2 is configured as an open collector. It monitors terminal
voltage when constant current output is turned on. XDOWN2 goes low when this voltage
O
БББББББББББББББББББ
is lower than the level selected by OVM latch. When BLANK is set high, the previous level
is held.
DCLK enable. When XENABLE is low, data transfer is enabled. Data transfer starts on the
БББББББББББББББББББ
rising edge of DCLK after XENABLE goes low. During XENABLE high, no data is
I
transferred.
БББББББББББББББББББ
Latch. When XLATCH is high, data on the shift register goes through latch. When XLA TCH
is low, data is latched. Accordingly , if data on the shift register is changed during XLA TCH
I
БББББББББББББББББББ
high, this new value is latched (level latch).
Data output enable. When XOE is low, DOUT0–7 terminals are drived. When XOE is high,
Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not
implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
NOTE 1: All voltage values are with respect to the GNDLOG terminal.
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
7
TLC5904
Á
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Á
Á
mA
,
OL
f
DCLK clock frequenc
MH
LED DRIVER
SLLS391 – NOVEMBER 1999
recommended operating conditions
dc characteristics
PARAMETER
Logic supply voltage, VCCLOG
Supply voltage for constant current
circuit, VCCLED
Analog power supply, VCCANA
V
Voltage between VCC, V
ББББББББББ
Voltage between GND, V
DIFF1
DIFF2
Voltage applied to constant current
output, V
ББББББББББ
High-level input voltage, V
Low-level input voltage, V
High-level output current, I
ББББББББББ
Low-level output current, I
Constant output current, I
OUTn
IH
IL
OH
O(LC)
Operating free-air temperature range, T
DIFF1
VCCLOG – VCCLED, VCCANA – VCCLED
ББББББББББ
V
DIFF2
GNDLOG – GNDLED, GNDANA – GNDLED
OUT0 to OUT15 off
ББББББББББ
VCCLOG = 4.5V, DOUT0 to DOUT7,
BOUT, GSOUT
VCCLOG = 4.5V, DOUT0 to DOUT7,
BOUT, GSOUT
ББББББББББ
VCCLOG = 4.5V, XDOWN1, XDOWN2
OUT0 to OUT15
A
TEST CONDITIONS
= VCCLOG – VCCANA
= GNDLOG – GNDANA
MIN
ÁÁÁ
ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ
0.8 VCCLOG
GNDLOG
4.5
4.5
4.5
– 0.3
– 0.3
NOM
Á
5
5
5
0
ÁÁÁ
0
0.2 VCCLOG
MAX
5.5
5.5
5.5
0.3
0.3
17
VCCLOG
–1
ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ
5
–20
80
85
UNIT
V
V
V
V
Á
V
V
Á
V
V
1
Á
5
mA
mA
°C
ac characteristics, VC C LOG=VCCANA = VCCLED= 4. 5 V to 5.5 V, T
DCLK
twh/t
wl
f
GSCLK
twh/t
wl
f
WDT
twh/t
wl
t
wh
tr/t
f
t
su
t
h
PARAMETER
y
DCLK pulse duration (high or low level)
GSCLK clock frequency
GSCLK pulse duration (high or low level)
WDTRG clock frequency
WDTRG pulse duration (high or low level)
XLATCH pulse duration (high)
Rise/fall time
Setup time
Hold time
TEST CONDITIONS
At single operation
At cascade operation (DOMODE = L)
Figure 1. Rise Time and Fall Time Test Circuit for OUTn
V
IH
V
t
r
t
wh
t
f
t
wl
IL
100%
50%
0%
V
IH
V
IL
100%
50%
0%
VIH or V
VIL or V
t
d
OH
OL
VIH or V
VIL or V
OH
OL
Figure 2. Timing Requirements
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
11
TLC5904
LED DRIVER
SLLS391 – NOVEMBER 1999
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION
constant current output selection by user (80 mA × 16 bits or 120 mA × 8 bits)
When the MODE terminal is set to high, output is selected as 80 mA × 16 bits. When the MODE terminal is set
to low, output is selected as 120 mA × 8 bits. By this setting, the shift register latch for gray scale data is changed
to the configuration corresponding to the bit selected. Note that two constant output terminals should be tied
to an LED such as OUT0-to-OUT1 and OUT2-to-OUT3 because they operate in a pair when the 8 bits output
mode is selected. Also, in this case, the current value of the constant current output is the same as the 16 bits
output mode. Therefore, when an output current of 120 mA is desired, the resister connected to the IREF
terminal should be selected to the same value as the output current of 60 mA.
Table 1. Operation Mode Selection
MODE
H
L
80 mA × 16 bits
120 mA × 8 bits
OUTPUT
On the constant current output terminals (OUT0–15), approximately 37 times the current which flows through
external resistor, R
(connected between IREF and GND), can flow. The external resistor value is calculated
IREF
using the following equation:
R
(Ω) ≅ 37 × 1.24 (V)/I
IREF
(A) where BCENA is low.
O(LC)
Note that more current flows if IREF is connect to GND directly.
constant output current operation
The constant current output turns on the sink constant current if all the gray scale data in the gray scale latch
is not zero on the falling edge of the gray scale clock after the next rising edge of the gray scale clock when
BLANK goes from high to low . After that, the number of the falling edge is counted by the 8-bit gray scale counter.
Then, the output counted corresponding to gray scale data is turned off (stop to sink constant current). If the
shift register for gray scale is updated during XLA TCH high, data on the gray scale data latch is also updated
affecting the constant current output number of the gray scale. Accordingly, during the on-state of constant
current output, the XLA TCH should be kept to a low level and the gray scale data latch should be held. If there
are constant current output terminals unconnected (includes LED disconnection), the LED should be turned on
after writing zero to the gray scale data latch corresponding to output unconnected. Unless this action is taken,
the supply current on the constant current driver will increase resulting in the influence of the current value for
the constant current output light on.
shift register latch
The device provides three kinds of shift register latchs including the gray scale data, brightness control, and
OVM. T o write data into a shift register , DCLK and DIN are utilized. The selection of a shift register will be done
by RSEL0 and RSEL1 as shown in below table. Note that RSEL0 and RSEL1 should be changed when both
DCLK and XLA TCH are low.
Table 2. Shift Register Latch Selection
RSEL0
L
L
H
H
12
RSEL1
L
H
L
H
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
SHIFT REGISTER LATCH SELECTED
Shift register latch for gray scale data
Shift register latch for brightness control
Shift register latch for OVM
N/A (DOUTn is tied to low level)
LED DRIVER
SLLS391 – NOVEMBER 1999
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION
shift register latch for gray scale data
The shift register latch for the gray scale data is set as an 8 × 1 byte configuration at the 8 bit mode, and as a
16 × 1 byte configuration at the 16 bit mode. The gray scale data, configured as 8 bits, represents the time when
constant current output is being turned on, and the data range is 0 to 255 (00h to FFh). When the gray scale
data is 0, the time is shortest, and the output is not turned on(light off). On the other hand, when the gray scale
data is 255, the time is longest, and it turns on during the time of the 255 clocks from GSCLK. The configuration
of the shift register and latch for gray scale data is shown below.
Latch for Gray Scale Data
TLC5904
XLATCH
DOUT0 to 7
XLATCH
DOUT0 to 7
OUT15
Data
(8 bits)
Shift Register for Gray Scale Data
16th byte
DIN7 MSB
DIN0 LSB
Latch for Gray Scale Data
OUT15, 14
Data
(8 bits)
Shift Register for Gray Scale Data
8th byte
DIN7 MSB
DIN0 LSB
OUT14
Data
(8 bits)
15th byte
DIN7 MSB
DIN0 LSB
16 Bit Mode (MODE=H, RSEL0 and RSEL1=L)
OUT13, 12
Data
(8 bits)
7th byte
DIN7 MSB
DIN0 LSB
OUT1
Data
(8 bits)
2nd byte
DIN7 MSB
DIN0 LSB
OUT3, 2
Data
(8 bits)
2nd byte
DIN7 MSB
DIN0 LSB
OUT0
Data
(8 bits)
1st byte
DIN7 MSB
DIN0 LSB
OUT1, 0
Data
(8 bits)
1st byte
DIN7 MSB
DIN0 LSB
DCLK
DIN0 to 7
DCLK
DIN0 to 7
8 Bit Mode (MODE=L, RSEL0 and RSEL1=L)
Figure 3. Relationship Between Shift Register and Latch for Gray Scale Data
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
13
TLC5904
LED DRIVER
SLLS391 – NOVEMBER 1999
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION
shift register latch for brightness control and OVM
The shift register latch for both brightness control and OVM (Output Voltage Monitor) is configured with a
1 x 1 byte. In the shift register latch for brightness control, the division ratio of GSCLK can be set and the output
current value on the constant current output can be adjusted. In the shift register latch for OVM, the comparison
voltage at OVM comparator on the constant current output terminals (OUT0 to OUT15) can be set and the output
signal for both XDOWN1 and XDOWN2 can be forced to low level. When power up, the latch data is
indeterminate and the shift register is not initialized. Data should be written to the shift register latch prior to
turning the constant current output on (BLANK=L) when these functions are used. Also, it is inhibited to rewrite
the latch value for brightness control when the constant current output is turned on. When these functions are
not used, the latch value can be set to the default value setting BCENA or MCENA to low level (tied to GND).
The configuration of the shift register and the latch for brightness control and monitor control is shown in below.
Latch for Brightness Control
GSCLK Division Ratio Data SetCurrent Data Adjusted On Constant Current Output
GSCLK Division Ratio Data Set
XLATCH
00011111
MSBLSBMSBLSB
(Note A)
Shift Register for Brightness Control
DOUT0 to 7
XLATCH
DOUT0 to 7
DIN7
DATA
Latch for OVM
Shift Register for OVM
DIN7
DATA
Note A: Indicates default value at the BCENA terminal = 0 if the brightness control latch = 1
Note B: Indicates default value at the MCENA terminal = 0 if the OVM latch =1
DIN6
DATA
DIN6
DATA
N/A
DIN5
DATA
DIN5
DATA
DIN4
DATA
DIN4
DATA
DIN3
DATA
0001
MSBLSB
DIN3
DATA
DIN2
DATA
Monitor Control Data
DIN2
DATA
DIN1
DATA
DIN1
DATA
DIN0
DATA
DIN0
DATA
(Note B)
DIN0 to 7
Figure 4. Relationship Between Shift Register and Latch for Brightness Control and OVM
write data to shift register latch
The shift register latch written to is selected using the RSEL0 and RSEL1 terminals. The data is applied to the
DIN data input terminal and is clocked into the shift register synchronizing to the rising edge of DCLK after
XENABLE is pulled low . The shift register for the gray scale data is 8 bits length at 8 bit mode resulting in eight
times DCLK, and 16 bit length at 16 bit mode resulting in sixteen times DCLK, and as for the brigtness control
and monitor control resulting one times DCLK input. At the number of DCLK input for each case, data can be
written into the shift register. In this condition, when XLATCH is pulled high, data in the shift register is clocked
into the latch (data through), and when XLATCH is pulled low, the data is held (latch).
DCLK
DIN0 to 7
DCLK
14
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
LED DRIVER
SLLS391 – NOVEMBER 1999
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION
brightness control function
By writting data into the brightness control latch, the current on all constant current outputs can be adjusted to
control the variation of brightness between ICs and the division ratio for the gray scale clock can be set to control
the variation of brigtness for the total panel system.
output current adjustment on all constant current outputs – brightness adjustment between ICs
By using the lower 5 bits of the brightness control latch, the output current can be adjusted to 32 steps. 1 step
is 1.6% of the current ratio between 100% and 51.6% when the set output current is 100% by an external resistor.
By using this function, the brightness control between modules (ICs) can be adjusted sending desired data
externally even if ICs are mounted on print-circuit board. When BCENA is pulled low, output current is set to
100%.
Table 3. Relative Current Ratio For Total Constant Current Output
TLC5904
CODE
MSB 00000 LSB
.
БББББ
БББББ
.
.
.
11110
†
11111
†
BCENA is low.
CURRENT RATIO (%)
51.6
.
БББББ
БББББ
.
.
.
98.4
100
20 (mA)
10.3
.
ÁÁ
.
.
ÁÁ
.
19.7
20.0
80 (mA)
41.3
.
ÁÁ
.
.
ÁÁ
.
78.7
80.0
V
(TYP)
IREF
0.63
.
ÁÁÁ
.
.
ÁÁÁ
.
1.22
1.24
frequency division ratio setting for gray scale clock – panel brightness adjustment
By using the upper 3 bits of the brightness control latch, the gray scale clock can be divided into a frequency
division ratio of 1/1 to 1/8. If the gray scale clock is set to 8 times the speed (256x8=2048) of frequency during
horizontal scanning time, the brightness can be adjusted to 8 steps selecting the frequency division ratio. By
using this function, the total panel brightness can be adjusted at once, and it applies to the brightness of day
or night circumstances. When BCENA is pulled low, the gray scale clock is not divided. When BCENA is pulled
high, the brightness can be adjusted (see Table 4).
Table 4. Relative Brightness Ratio For Total Constant Current Output
CODE
ÁÁÁÁ
MSB 000 LSB
.
ÁÁÁÁ
ÁÁÁÁ
.
.
.
110
111
†
BCENA is low.
FREQUENCY
БББББ
DIVISION RATIO
†
БББББ
БББББ
1/1
.
.
.
.
1/7
1/8
RELATIVE BRIGHTNESS RATIO
ББББББББ
(%)
12.5
.
ББББББББ
ББББББББ
.
.
.
87.5
100
OVM (output voltage monitor) function
By writing data into the OVM latch, the comparison voltage for the voltage comparator of OUT0 to OUT15 can
be set, and the output signal for XDOWN1 and XDOWN2 can be checked.
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
15
TLC5904
LED DRIVER
SLLS391 – NOVEMBER 1999
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION
OVM comparator
The OVM comparator compares the voltage on the constant current output terminal during turnon with
comparison voltage set by the OVM latch. When the voltage on the constant current output terminal is lower,
XDOWN2 goes low. As shown in Figure 5, the comparator is provided in every output portion, and the
comparison result corresponding to the output to be turned on appears in the XDOWN2 terminal. Since the
XDOWN2 terminal is an open-collector output, outputs of multiple ICs are brought together.
The output terminal for comparison result is only XDOWN2. The voltage on all the constant current output can
be checked to monitor XDOWN2 turning output on in turn. The voltage on the constant current output, when
turned on, can be also measured changing the comparison voltage set by the OVM latch. Using this function,
sensing (LOD function) an LED disconnection (output voltage is below 0.3 V) and short circuit (output voltage
is extremely high) can be detected and specifies which LED encountered this failure. Also, by monitoring the
output voltage and controlling the voltage across anode of the LED to minimize the voltage on the constant
current output (approximately 0.7 V at I
Furthermore, by setting BLANK to low during LED on, the comparison result immediately before can be held.
Thus, synchronizing timing to check XDOWN2 from the system to the LED lighting timing is not required. Note
that the gray scale data being turned on should be a minimum of 5 µs since XDOWN2 output is required
approximately 5 µs after the constant current output is turned on. The comparison result is also required
approximately 5 µs after the changed latch data.
= 80 mA), the temperature rising of the chip can be minimized.
O
OUT0
Internal OUT0
Turn ON Signal
OUT1
Internal OUT1
Turn ON Signal
OUT14
Internal OUT014
Turn ON Signal
OUT15
Internal OUT015
Turn ON Signal
–
+
–
+
–
+
–
+
Comparison Voltage
XDOWN2
D
Q
LATCH
BLANK
When BLANK is high, hold the data
When BLANK is low, data is out.
16
Figure 5. OVM functional diagram
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
Á
Á
Á
Á
VOLTAGE
LED DRIVER
SLLS391 – NOVEMBER 1999
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION
output signal check for XDOWN1, XDOWN2
XDOWN1 or XDOWN2 can be forced to low level by setting the appropriate latch value for OVM. This allows
the investigation of the correct connection of XDOWN1 or XDOWN2 to the external system.
OVM comparator setting
Setting the OVM latch is shown in Table 5. Note that the comparison voltage is set to the default value of 0.3
V when MCENA is tied to the low level.
Table 5. OVM Setting
MONITOR CONTROL
ББББББ
MSB
DATA
LSB
0000
†
0001
0010
0011
0100
0101
0110
0111
1000
1001
1010
1011
1100
1101
1110
1111
†
MCENA is low.
ÁÁÁÁ
COMPARISON
NO COMPARISON
0.3 V
0.4 V
0.5 V
0.6 V
0.7 V
0.8 V
0.9 V
1.0 V
1.1 V
1.2 V
1/3 × VCCANA
1/2 × VCCANA
2/3 × VCCANA
0.3 V
0.3 V
ББББББ
XDOWN1
DEPEND ON TSD/WDT
DEPEND ON TSD/WDT
DEPEND ON TSD/WDT
DEPEND ON TSD/WDT
DEPEND ON TSD/WDT
DEPEND ON TSD/WDT
DEPEND ON TSD/WDT
DEPEND ON TSD/WDT
DEPEND ON TSD/WDT
DEPEND ON TSD/WDT
DEPEND ON TSD/WDT
DEPEND ON TSD/WDT
DEPEND ON TSD/WDT
DEPEND ON TSD/WDT
L
DEPEND ON TSD/WDT
ББББББББ
XDOWN2
HI–Z
DEPEND ON OVM COMPARATOR
DEPEND ON OVM COMPARATOR
DEPEND ON OVM COMPARATOR
DEPEND ON OVM COMPARATOR
DEPEND ON OVM COMPARATOR
DEPEND ON OVM COMPARATOR
DEPEND ON OVM COMPARATOR
DEPEND ON OVM COMPARATOR
DEPEND ON OVM COMPARATOR
DEPEND ON OVM COMPARATOR
DEPEND ON OVM COMPARATOR
DEPEND ON OVM COMPARATOR
DEPEND ON OVM COMPARATOR
DEPEND ON OVM COMPARATOR
L
TLC5904
DOUT output timing selection
The timing for the DOUT output change can be switched by selecting the DOMODE level. When DOMODE is
low, the DOUT is changed synchronizing to the rising edge of DCLK. When DOMODE is high, the DOUT is
changed synchronizing to the falling edge of DCLK. When the shift operation with DOMODE is high, data can
be protected from a shift error even if the DCLK signal is buffered externally in serial. In this case, when ICs are
connected in cascade, the maximum data transfer speed at will be slower than the case of DOMODE low.
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
17
TLC5904
LED DRIVER
SLLS391 – NOVEMBER 1999
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION
protection
This device incorporates WDT and TSD functions. If WDT or TSD functions, constant current output is stopped
and XDOWN1 goes low. Therefore, by monitoring the XDOWN1 terminal, these failures can be detected
immediately . Since the XDOWN1 output is configured as an open collector , outputs of multiple ICs are brought
together.
WDT (watchdog timer)
The constant current output is forced to turn off and XDOWN1 goes low when the fixed period elapsed after the
signal applied to WDTRG has not been changed. Therefore, by connecting a scan signal (signal to control line
displayed) to WDTRG, the stop of the scan signal can be detected and the constant current output is turned
off. This prevents the LED from burning and damage caused by continuous LED turnon at the dynamic scanning
operation. The detection time can be set using an external capacitor, Cext. The typical value is approximately
10 ms without a capacitor, 160 ms with a 1000 pF capacitor and 1500 ms with a 0.01 µF capacitor . During static
operation, the WDT function is disabled connecting WDCAP to GND (high or low level should be applied to
WDTRG). Note that normal operations will resume changing the WDTRG level when WDT functions.
When the junction temperature exceeds the limit, TSD starts to function and turns the constant current output
off, and XDOWN1 goes low . When TSD is used, TSENA should be pulled high. When TSD is not used, TSENA
should be pulled low. To recover from the constant current output off-state to normal operations, the power
supply should be turned off or TSENA should be pulled low once.
18
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
LED DRIVER
SLLS391 – NOVEMBER 1999
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION
noise reduction
concurrent switching noise reduction
The concurrent switching noise has a potential to occur when multiple outputs turn on or off at the same time.
T o prevent this noise, the device has delay output terminals such as XGSOUT and BOUT for GSCLK (gray scale
clock) and BLANK (blanking signal) respectively. By connecting these outputs to the GSCLK and BLANK
terminals of next stage IC, it allows differences in the switching time between ICs. When GSCLK is output to
GSOUT through the device, duty will be changed between input and output, and the number of stages to be
connected will be limited depending on frequency.
output slope
When the output current is 80 mA, the time to change constant current output to turnon and turnoff is
approximately 150 ns and 250 ns respectively . This allows reduced concurrent switching noise when multiple
outputs turn on or off at the same time.
delay between constant current output
The constant current output has a delay time of approximately 30 ns between outputs. This means
approximately 450 ns delay time exists between OUT0 and OUT15. This time differences by delay allows
reduced concurrent switching noise as well as the output slope previously described. This delay time has the
same value at the 8 bits or 16 bits operation mode.
TLC5904
power supply
The followings should be taken into consideration:
1) VCCLOG, VCCANA, and VCCLED should be supplied by a single power supply to minimize voltage
differences between these terminals.
2) The bypass capacitor should be located between the power supply and GND to eliminate the variation of
power supply voltage.
GND
Although GNDLOG, GNDANA, and GNDLED are internally tied together, these terminals should be externally
connected to reduce noise influence.
thermal pad
The thermal pad should be connected to GND to eliminate the noise influence when it is connected to the bottom
side of IC chip. Also, the desired thermal effect will be obtained by connecting this pad to the PCB pattern with
better thermal conductivity.
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
19
TLC5904
LED DRIVER
SLLS391 – NOVEMBER 1999
power rating – free-air temperature
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION
†
4.7
2.4
– Total Power Dissipation – W
D
P
0
02585–20
TA – Free–Air Temperature – °C
†
VCCLOG=VCCANA=VCCLED=5.0V, I
NOTES: A. IC is mounted on PCB. PCB size: 102 x 76 × 1.6 [mm3], four layers with the internal two layer being plane. The thermal pad is soldered
to the PCB pattern of 10 × 10 [mm2]. For operation above 25°C free-air temperature, derate linearly at the rate of 38.2 mW/°C.
B. The thermal impedance will be varied depending on mounting conditions. Since the PZP package established low thermal
impedance by radiating heat from the thermal pad, the thermal pad should be soldered to the pattern with low a thermal impedance.
C. Consider thermal characteristics when selecting the material for the PCB, since the temperature will rise around the thermal pad.
= 80 mA, ICC is typical value.
OLC
3.2
1.48
Output Voltage (Constant Current) – V
0
Figure 7. Power Rating
20
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
constant output current
90
80
70
60
50
– mA
OLC
40
I
30
TLC5904
LED DRIVER
SLLS391 – NOVEMBER 1999
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION
20
10
0
0.1
R
– kΩ
IREF
NOTE: Conditions: V
I
(mA)
OLC
R
(kW)
IREF
NOTE: Shows the output current at the 16 bit mode. and at the 8 bit mode (MODE=L). Output current is the sum of both outputs. This sum current
should be set from 10 mA to 120 mA. The resistor, R
influence.
≅
OUT
≅
= 1.0V, V
V
IREF
R
IREF
47
(mA)
I
OLC
(V)
(kW)
IREF
37
= 1.24V
, should be located as close to the IREF terminal as possible to avoid the noise
IREF
10.01.0
Figure 8. Current on Constant Current Output vs External Resistor
Figure 9. Timing Diagram (Shift Register for Gray Scale Data)
td (XOE↑–DOUT)
MCENA
RSEL0
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
•23
RSEL1
XOE
XENABLE
DCLK
DIN0
DIN7
XLATCH
MCL_0
MCL_1–3
DOUT0
Default Value “1”
(Monitor Control Latch Internal Signal)
Default Value “0”
td (XOE↓–DOUT)
HI–Z
tsu (RSEL–XLATCH)th (RSEL–XLATCH)
tsu (RSEL–DCLK)
D0_AD0_CD0_JD0_KD0_LD0_MD0_ND0_OD0_B
D7_AD7_CD7_JD7_KD7_LD7_MD7_ND7_OD7_B
td (DCLK–DOUT)
th (XLATCH–DCLK)
twh (XLATCH)
D<0>_A
D<1:3>_A
D0_ED0_GD0_HD0_I
D0_FD0_AD0_C
tsu (RSEL–DCLK)
Default Value “1”
Default Value “0”
td (XOE↑–DOUT)
SLLS391 – NOVEMBER 1999
LED DRIVER
DOUT7
HI–Z
TLC5904
D7_FD7_AD7_CD7_ED7_GD7_HD7_I
Figure 10. Timing Diagram (Shift Register for Monitor Control)
T
l
R
l
D
7
11
94
24
BCENA
RSEL0
RSEL1
tsu (RSEL–XLATCH)th (RSEL–XLATCH)
TLC5904
LED DRIVER
SLLS391 – NOVEMBER 1999
emp
ate
e
ease
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
•
XOE
XENABLE
tsu (RSEL–DCLK)
DCLK
DIN0
DIN7
XLATCH
BCL_0–4
BCL_5–7
Default Value “1”
(Brightness Control Latch Internal Signal)
Default Value “0”
td (XOE↓–DOUT)
D0_AD0_CD0_JD0_KD0_LD0_MD0_ND0_OD0_B
D7_AD7_CD7_JD7_KD7_LD7_MD7_ND7_OD7_B
td (DCLK–DOUT)
th (XLATCH–DCLK)
twh (XLATCH)
D<0:4>_A
D<5:7>_A
tsu (RSEL–DCLK)
Default Value “1”
Default Value “0”
td (XOE↑–DOUT)
ate:
–
–
DOUT0
DOUT7
HI–Z
HI–Z
D0_ED0_GD0_HD0_I
D0_FD0_AD0_C
D7_FD7_AD7_CD7_ED7_GD7_HD7_I
Figure 11. Timing Diagram (Shift Register for Brightness Control)
XLATCH
BLANK
GSCLK
1/f
WDT
tsu (XLATCH–GSCLK)
tsu (BLANK–GSCLK)
td (BLANK–OUT0)
1/f
GSCLK
twl (GSCLK)
twh (GSCLK)
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
•25
WDTRG
twl (WDTRG)
OUT0
OUT1
OUT15
XDOWN1
XDOWN2
BOUT
twh (WDTRG)
td (BLANK–OUT0)
td (OUTn+1–OUTn)
td (GSCLK–XDOWN2)
td (BLANK–BOUT)
td (GSCLK–GSOUT)
td (GSCLK–OUT0)
OFFOFFON(Note A)
OFFOFF
OFFOFFOFF
ON(Note A)
ON(Note A)
NOTE A: ON or OFF, or ON time is varied dpend on the gray scale data and BLANK.
HI–Z
td (GSCLK–OUT0)
(Note A)(Note A)OFF
td (OUTn+1–OUTn)
OFF
......
(Note B)(Note B)
NOTE B: LED disconnection
(Note A)
(Note A)
t
wdt
(Note A)
(Note A)
SLLS391 – NOVEMBER 1999
LED DRIVER
TLC5904
GSOUT
Figure 12. Timing Diagram (Constant Current Output)
TLC5904
LED DRIVER
SLLS391 – NOVEMBER 1999
MECHANICAL DATA
PZP (S-PQFP-G100) PowerPAD PLASTIC QUAD FLATPACK
76
100
1,05
0,95
75
1
0,50
12,00 TYP
14,20
SQ
13,80
16,20
SQ
15,80
0,27
0,17
25
51
0,08
M
50
26
Thermal Pad
(see Note D)
0,15
0,05
0,13 NOM
Gage Plane
0,25
0°–7°
0,75
0,45
1,20 MAX
NOTES: A. All linear dimensions are in millimeters.
PowerPAD is a trademark of Texas Instruments Incorporated.
26
B. This drawing is subject to change without notice.
C. Body dimensions do not include mold flash or protrusion.
D. The package thermal performance may be enhanced by bonding the thermal pad to an external thermal plane.
This pad is electrically and thermally connected to the backside of the die and possibly selected leads. The demensions of the thermal
pad are 5 mm x 5 mm. The pad is centered on the bottom of the package.
E. Falls within JEDEC MS-026
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
Seating Plane
0,08
4146929/A 04/99
IMPORTANT NOTICE
T exas Instruments and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make changes to their products or to discontinue
any product or service without notice, and advise customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information
to verify, before placing orders, that information being relied on is current and complete. All products are sold
subject to the terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgement, including those
pertaining to warranty, patent infringement, and limitation of liability.
TI warrants performance of its semiconductor products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in
accordance with TI’s standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are utilized to the extent
TI deems necessary to support this warranty . Specific testing of all parameters of each device is not necessarily
performed, except those mandated by government requirements.
CERTAIN APPLICATIONS USING SEMICONDUCTOR PRODUCTS MAY INVOLVE POTENTIAL RISKS OF
DEATH, PERSONAL INJURY, OR SEVERE PROPERTY OR ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE (“CRITICAL
APPLICATIONS”). TI SEMICONDUCTOR PRODUCTS ARE NOT DESIGNED, AUTHORIZED, OR
WARRANTED TO BE SUITABLE FOR USE IN LIFE-SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS OR OTHER
CRITICAL APPLICA TIONS. INCLUSION OF TI PRODUCTS IN SUCH APPLICATIONS IS UNDERST OOD TO
BE FULLY AT THE CUSTOMER’S RISK.
In order to minimize risks associated with the customer’s applications, adequate design and operating
safeguards must be provided by the customer to minimize inherent or procedural hazards.
TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. TI does not warrant or represent
that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any patent right, copyright, mask work right, or other
intellectual property right of TI covering or relating to any combination, machine, or process in which such
semiconductor products or services might be or are used. TI’s publication of information regarding any third
party’s products or services does not constitute TI’s approval, warranty or endorsement thereof.
Copyright 1999, Texas Instruments Incorporated
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