Capable of Running With All Existing
TL16C450 Software
D
After Reset, All Registers Are Identical to
the TL16C450 Register Set
D
In the FIFO Mode, Transmitter and Receiver
Are Each Buffered With 16-Byte FIFOs to
Reduce the Number of Interrupts to the
CPU
D
In the TL16C450 Mode, Hold and Shift
Registers Eliminate the Need for Precise
Synchronization Between the CPU and
Serial Data
D
Programmable Baud Rate Generator Allows
Division of Any Input Reference Clock by 1
16
to (2
Clock
D
Standard Asynchronous Communication
Bits (Start, Stop, and Parity) Added to or
Deleted From the Serial Data Stream
D
Independent Receiver Clock Input
D
Transmit, Receive, Line Status, and Data
Set Interrupts Independently Controlled
description
–1) and Generates an Internal 16×
TL16C550B, TL16C550BI
ASYNCHRONOUS COMMUNICATIONS ELEMENT
SLLS136B – JANUARY 1994 – REVISED AUGUST 1996
D
Fully Programmable Serial Interface
Characteristics:
– 5-, 6-, 7-, or 8-Bit Characters
– Even-, Odd-, or No-Parity Bit Generation
and Detection
– 1-, 1 1/2-, or 2-Stop Bit Generation
– Baud Generation (DC to 562 Kbit/s)
D
False-Start Bit Detection
D
Complete Status Reporting Capabilities
D
3-State Outputs Provide TTL Drive
Capabilities for Bidirectional Data Bus and
Control Bus
D
Line Break Generation and Detection
D
Internal Diagnostic Capabilities:
– Loopback Controls for Communications
Link Fault Isolation
– Break, Parity, Overrun, Framing Error
Simulation
D
Fully Prioritized Interrupt System Controls
D
Modem Control Functions (CTS, RTS, DSR,
DTR
, RI, and DCD)
D
Faster Plug-In Replacement for National
Semiconductor NS16550A
The TL16C550B and the TL16C550BI are functional upgrades of the TL16C450 asynchronous
communications element (ACE). Functionally identical to the TL16C450 on power up (character mode
TL16C550B and TL16C550BI can be placed in an alternate mode (FIFO) to relieve the CPU of excessive
software overhead.
In this alternate FIFO mode, internal FIFOs are activated allowing 16 bytes (plus 3 bits of error data per byte
in the receiver FIFO) to be stored in both receive and transmit modes. To minimize system overhead and
maximize system efficiency, all logic is on the chip. Two of the TL16C450 terminal functions (RXRDY
TXRDY
The TL16C550B and the TL16C550BI perform serial-to-parallel conversions on data received from a peripheral
device or modem and parallel-to-serial conversion on data received from its CPU. The CPU can read and report
on the status of the ACE at any point in the ACE operation. Reported status information includes: the type of
transfer operation in progress, the status of the operation, and any error conditions encountered.
) have been changed to allow signalling of DMA transfers.
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of
Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
†
), the
and
†The TL16C550B and the TL16C550BI can also be reset to the TL16C450 mode under software control.
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.
Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments
standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include
testing of all parameters.
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
Copyright 1996, Texas Instruments Incorporated
1
TL16C550B, TL16C550BI
ASYNCHRONOUS COMMUNICATIONS ELEMENT
SLLS136B – JANUARY 1994 – REVISED AUGUST 1996
description (continued)
The TL16C550B and the TL16C550BI ACE include programmable, on-board, baud rate generators. These
generators are capable of dividing a reference clock input by divisors from 1 to (2
16
–1) and producing a 16×
clock for driving the internal transmitter logic. Provisions are included to use this 16× clock to drive the receiver
logic. Also included in the ACE is a complete modem control capability and a processor interrupt system that
may be software tailored to user requirements to minimize the computing required to handle the
communications link.
The TL16C550B is available in a 40-pin DIP (N) package, 44-pin PLCC (FN) package, and 48-pin TQFP (PT)
package. The TL16C550BI is available in a 44-pin PLCC (FN) package.
TL16C550B, TL16C550BI
ASYNCHRONOUS COMMUNICATIONS ELEMENT
SLLS136B – JANUARY 1994 – REVISED AUGUST 1996
functional block diagram
S
e
l
e
c
t
Receiver
Buffer
Register
D7–D0
8–1
Internal
Data Bus
Data
Bus
Buffer
8
Receiver
FIFO
Receiver
Shift
Register
10
SIN
A0
A1
A2
CS0
CS1
CS2
ADS
MR
RD1
RD2
WR1
WR2
DDIS
TXRDY
XIN
XOUT
RXRDY
28
27
26
12
13
14
25
35
21
22
18
19
23
24
16
17
29
Select
and
Control
Logic
Line
Control
Register
Divisor
Latch (LS)
Divisor
Latch (MS)
Line
Status
Register
Transmitter
Holding
Register
Modem
Control
Register
Modem
Status
Register
Interrupt
Enable
Register
Baud
Generator
Transmitter
FIFO
Interrupt
Control
Logic
Receiver
Timing and
Control
Line
Control
Register
S
e
l
e
c
t
Line
Control
Register
Modem
Control
Logic
9
15
11
32
36
33
37
38
39
34
31
30
RCLK
BAUDOUT
SOUT
RTS
CTS
DTR
DSR
DCD
RI
OUT1
OUT2
INTRPT
Terminal numbers shown are for the N package.
4
Interrupt
I/O
Register
FIFO
Control
Register
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TL16C550B, TL16C550BI
ASYNCHRONOUS COMMUNICATIONS ELEMENT
SLLS136B – JANUARY 1994 – REVISED AUGUST 1996
Terminal Functions
TERMINAL
NAME
A0
A1
A2
ADS252824IAddress strobe. When ADS is active (low), the register select signals (A0, A1, and A2) and chip select
BAUDOUT151712OBaud out. BAUDOUT is a 16× clock signal for the transmitter section of the ACE. The clock rate is
CS0
CS1
CS2
CTS364038IClear to send. CTS is a modem status signal. Its condition can be checked by reading bit 4 (CTS) of
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
DCD384240IData carrier detect. DCD is a modem status signal. Its condition can be checked by reading bit 7 (DCD)
DDIS232622ODriver disable. This output is active (high) when the CPU is not reading data. When active, this output
DSR374139IData set ready. DSR is a modem status signal. Its condition can be checked by reading bit 5 (DSR) of
DTR333733OData terminal ready. When active (low), DTR informs a modem or data set that the ACE is ready to
INTRPT303330OInterrupt. When active (high), INTRPT informs the CPU that the ACE has an interrupt to be serviced.
MR353935IMaster reset. When active (high), MR clears most ACE registers and sets the state of various output
OUT1
OUT2
RCLK9105IReceiver clock. RCLK is the 16× baud rate clock for the receiver section of the ACE.
NO.NNO.FNNO.
28
31
27
30
26
29
12
14
13
15
14
16
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
6
6
7
7
8
8
9
343138353431OOutputs 1 and 2. User-designated outputs that are set to their active low states by setting their
I/O
PT
28
IRegister select. A0–A2 are used during read and write operations to select the ACE register to read
27
26
9
10
11
43
44
45
46
47
2
3
4
from or write to. Refer to Table 1 for register addresses, and refer to the address strobe (ADS
description.
signals (CS0, CS1, CS2
select signals are held in the state they are in when the low-to-high transition of ADS
established by the reference oscillator frequency divided by a divisor specified by the baud generator
divisor latches. BAUDOUT
IChip select. When CS0 = high, CS1 = high, and CS2 = low, these three inputs select the ACE. When
any of these inputs are inactive, the ACE remains inactive. Refer to the ADS
the modem status register. Bit 0 (∆CTS) of the modem status register indicates that this signal has
changed states since the last read from the modem status register. If the modem status interrupt is
enabled when CTS
I/O Data bus. Eight data lines with 3-state outputs provide a bidirectional path for data, control, and status
information between the ACE and the CPU.
of the modem status register. Bit 3 (∆DCD) of the modem status register indicates that this signal has
changed states since the last read from the modem status register. If the modem status interrupt is
enabled when DCD
can disable an external transceiver.
the modem status register. Bit 1 (∆DSR) of the modem status register indicates this signal has changed
states since the last read from the modem status register. If the modem status interrupt is enabled when
DSR
changes state, an interrupt is generated.
establish communication. DTR
register to a high level. DTR
loop mode operation, or clearing the DTR bit.
Four conditions that cause an interrupt to be issued are: a receiver error, received data is available or
timed out (FIFO mode only), the transmitter holding register is empty, or an enabled modem status
interrupt. The INTRPT output is reset (deactivated) either when the interrupt is serviced or as a result
of a master reset.
signals. Refer to Table 2.
respective modem control register bits (OUT1 and OUT2) high. OUT1
(high) states as a result of master reset, during loop mode operations, or by clearing bit 2 (OUT1) or
bit 3 (OUT2) of the modem control register.
) drive the internal select logic directly; when high, the register select and chip
can also be used for the receiver section by tying this output to RCLK.
changes state, an interrupt is generated.
changes state, an interrupt is generated.
is placed in the active state by setting the DTR bit of the modem control
is placed in the inactive state either as a result of a master reset, during
DESCRIPTION
) signal
occurs.
signal description.
and OUT2 are set to their inactive
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
5
TL16C550B, TL16C550BI
ASYNCHRONOUS COMMUNICATIONS ELEMENT
SLLS136B – JANUARY 1994 – REVISED AUGUST 1996
Terminal Functions (Continued)
TERMINAL
NAME
RD1
RD2
RI394341IRing indicator. RI is a modem status signal. Its condition can be checked by reading bit 6 (RI) of the
RTS323632ORequest to send. When active, RTS informs the modem or data set that the ACE is ready to receive
RXRDY293229OReceiver ready output. Receiver direct memory access (DMA) signalling is available with this terminal.
SIN10117ISerial data input. Input from a connected communications device
SOUT11138OComposite serial data output. Output to a connected communication device. SOUT is set to the marking
TXRDY242723OT ransmitter ready output. Transmitter DMA signalling is available with this terminal. When operating in
V
CC
V
SS
WR1
WR2
XIN
XOUT
NO.NNO.FNNO.
212224251920IRead inputs. When either input is active (low or high respectively) while the ACE is selected, the CPU
4044425-V supply voltage
202218Supply common
181920211617IWrite inputs. When either input is active (high or low respectively) and while the ACE is selected, the
161718191415I/O External clock. XIN and XOUT connect the ACE to the main timing reference (clock or crystal).
PT
I/O
is allowed to read status information or data from a selected ACE register. Only one of these inputs is
required for the transfer of data during a read operation; the other input should be tied in its inactive state
(i.e., RD2 tied low or RD1
modem status register. Bit 2 (TERI) of the modem status register indicates that the RI
transitioned from a low to a high state since the last read from the modem status register. If the modem
status interrupt is enabled when this transition occurs, an interrupt is generated.
data. RTS
(high) state either as a result of a master reset or during loop mode operations or by clearing bit 1 (RTS)
of the MCR.
When operating in the FIFO mode, one of two types of DMA signalling can be selected using the FIFO
control register bit 3 (FCR3). When operating in the TL16C450 mode, only DMA mode 0 is allowed.
Mode 0 supports single-transfer DMA in which a transfer is made between CPU bus cycles. Mode 1
supports multitransfer DMA in which multiple transfers are made continuously until the receiver FIFO
has been emptied. In DMA mode 0 (FCR0 = 0 or FCR0 = 1, FCR3 = 0), when there is at least one
character in the receiver FIFO or receiver holding register, RXRDY
been active but there are no characters in the FIFO or holding register, RXRDY
In DMA mode 1 (FCR0 = 1, FCR3 = 1), when the trigger level or the timeout has been reached, RXRDY
goes active (low); when it has been active but there are no more characters in the FIFO or holding
register, it goes inactive (high).
(set) state as a result of master reset.
the FIFO mode, one of two types of DMA signalling can be selected using FCR3. When operating in
the TL16C450 mode, only DMA mode 0 is allowed. Mode 0 supports single-transfer DMA in which a
transfer is made between CPU bus cycles. Mode 1 supports multitransfer DMA in which multiple
transfers are made continuously until the transmit FIFO has been filled.
CPU is allowed to write control words or data into a selected ACE register. Only one of these inputs is
required to transfer data during a write operation; the other input should be tied in its inactive state (i.e.,
WR2 tied low or WR1
is set to its active state by setting the RTS modem control register bit and is set to its inactive
tied high).
tied high).
DESCRIPTION
input has
is active low. When RXRDY has
goes inactive (high).
6
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TL16C550B, TL16C550BI
O erating free-air tem erature, T
A
IlInput current
CC
,
SS
,
10µA
,
,
V
CC
5.25V,V
SS
0,
OZ
g
O
µ
V
CC
T
A
25 C
SIN, DSR, DCD, CTS, and RI at 2 V
ICCSulycurrent
All oth
XTAL1 at 4 MH
10
mA
f
MHz
T
A
25°C
g
Allotherterminalsgrounded
ASYNCHRONOUS COMMUNICATIONS ELEMENT
SLLS136B – JANUARY 1994 – REVISED AUGUST 1996
absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
Supply voltage range, V
Input voltage range at any input, V
Output voltage range, V
Storage temperature range, T
Operating free-air temperature range, T
Case temperature for 10 seconds, T
Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds: N or PT package 260°C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
†
Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not
implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
NOTE 1: All voltage values are with respect to VSS (ground).