BQ21061 I2C Controlled 1-Cell 500-mA Linear Battery Charger With 10-nA Ship Mode,
Power Path With Regulated System (PMID) Voltage, And LDO
1Features
1
•Linear battery charger with 1.25-mA to 500-mA
fast charge current range
– 0.5% Accurate I2C programmable battery
regulation voltage ranging from 3.6 V to 4.6 V
in 10-mV steps
– Configurable termination current supporting
down to 0.5 mA
– 20-V Tolerant input with typical 3.4-V to 5.5-V
input voltage operating range
– Programmable thermal charging profile, fully
configurable hot, warm, cool and cold
thresholds
•Power Path management for powering system
and charging battery
– I2C Programmable regulated system voltage
(PMID) ranging from 4.4V to 4.9V in addition to
battery voltage tracking and Input pass-though
options
– Dynamic power path management optimizes
charging from weak adapters
– Advanced I2C control allows host to disconnect
the battery or adapter as needed
•I2C Configurable load switch or up to 150-mA
LDO output
– Programmable range from 0.6 V to 3.7 V in
100-mV steps
•Ultra low Iddq for extended battery life
– 10-nA Ship mode battery Iq
– 400-nA Iq While powering the system (PMID
and VDD on)
•One push-button wake-up and reset input with
adjustable timers
– Supports system power cycle and HW reset
•20-Pin 2-mm x 1.6-mm CSP package
•11-mm2Total solution size
1
2Applications
•Headsets, earbuds and hearing aids
•Smart watches and smart trackers
•Wearable fitness and activity monitors
•Blood glucose monitors
3Description
The BQ21061 is a highly integrated battery charge
management IC that integrates the most common
functions for wearable, portable and small medical
devices, namely a charger, a regulated output voltage
rail for system power, a LDO, and push-button
controller.
The BQ21061 IC integrates a linear charger with
PowerPath that enables quick and accurate charging
for small batteries while providing a regulated voltage
to the system. The regulated system voltage (PMID)
output may be configured through I2C based on the
recommended operating condition of downstream
IC's and system loads for optimal system operation.
Device Information
PART NUMBERPACKAGEBODY SIZE (NOM)
BQ21061DSBGA (20)2.00 mm x 1.60 mm
(1) For all available packages, see the orderable addendum at
the end of the data sheet.
Simplified Schematic
(1)
An IMPORTANT NOTICE at the end of this data sheet addresses availability, warranty, changes, use in safety-critical applications,
intellectual property matters and other important disclaimers. PRODUCTION DATA.
GNDA4PWRGround connection. Connect to the ground plane of the circuit.
VDDD1ODigital supply LDO. Connect a 2.2-µF from this pin to ground.
CEC2I
SCLE3I/OI2C Interface Clock. Connect SCL to the logic rail through a 10-kΩ resistor.
SDAE2II2C Interface Data. Connect SDA to the logic rail through a 10-kΩ resistor.
LPD3I
INTD2O
MRC1I
LS/LDOD4O
VINLSE4I
BATA3, B3I/O
I/ODESCRIPTION
DC Input Power Supply. IN is connected to the external DC supply. Bypass IN to GND with
at least 1-µF of capacitance using a ceramic capacitor.
Regulated System Output. Connect 22-µF capacitor from PMID to GND as close to the PMID
and GND pins as possible. If operating in VIN Pass-Through Mode (PMID_REG = 111) a
lower capacitor value may be used (at least 3-µF of ceramic capacitance with DC bias derating).
Charge Enable. Drive CE low or leave disconnected to enable charging when VIN is valid.
CE is pulled low internally with 900-kΩ resistor.
Low Power Mode Enable. Drive this pin low to enable the device in low power mode when
powered by the battery. LP is pulled low internally with 900-kΩ resistor.
INT is an open-drain output that signals fault interrupts. When a fault occurs, a 128-µs pulse
is sent out as an interrupt for the host.
Manual Reset Input. MR is a general purpose input used to reset the device or to wake it up
from Ship Mode. MR has in internal 125-kΩ pull-up resistor to BAT.
Load Switch or LDO output. Connect 2.2 µF of ceramic capacitance to this pin to assure
stability. Be sure to account for capacitance bias voltage derating when selecting the
capacitor.
Input to the Load Switch / LDO output. Connect at least 1 µF of ceramic capacitance from
this pin to ground.
Battery Connection. Connect to the positive terminal of the battery. Bypass BAT to GND with
at least 1 µF of ceramic capacitance.
Battery Pack NTC Monitor. Connect TS to a 10-kΩ NTC thermistor in parallel to a 10-kΩ
resistor. If TS function is not to be used connect a 5-kΩ resistor from TS to ground.
Open-drain Power Good status indication output. The PG pin can also be configured as a
general purpose open drain output or level shifter version of MR.
System IO supply. Connect to system IO supply to allow level shifting of input signals (SDA,
SCL, LP and CE) to the device internal digital domain. Connect to VDD when external IO
supply is not available.
No Connect. Connect to ground if possible for better thermal dissipation or leave floating. Do
not connect to a any voltage source or signal to avoid higher quiescent current.
No Connect. Connect to ground if possible for better thermal dissipation. May be shorted to
/LP for easier routing as long as Absolute Maximum Rating requirements are met..
6Specifications
6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
IN–0.320V
Voltage
Current
Junction temperature, T
Storage temperature, T
(1) Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Rating may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings
only, which do not imply functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under RecommendedOperating Condition. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
TS,VDD, NC–0.31.95V
All other pins–0.35.5V
IN0800mA
BAT, PMID–0.51.5A
INT, PG010mA
J
stg
(1)
MINMAXUNIT
–40125°C
–55150°C
6.2 ESD Ratings
Human body model (HBM), per
V
(ESD)
Electrostatic discharge
ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001, all pins
Charged device model (CDM), per JEDEC
specification JESD22-C101, all pins
(1) JEDEC document JEP155 states that 500-V HBM allows safe manufacturing with a standard ESD control process.
(2) JEDEC document JEP157 states that 250-V CDM allows safe manufacturing with a standard ESD control process.
(1)
(2)
6.3 Recommended Operating Conditions
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
MINNOMMAXUNIT
V
BAT
V
IN
V
INLS
V
IO
I
LDO
I
PMID
T
A
(1) Based on minimum V
4
Battery voltage range2.44.6V
Input voltage range3.155.25
LDO input voltage range2.25.25
IO supply voltage range1.23.6V
LDO output current0100mA
PMID output current0500mA
Operating free-air temperature range–4085°C
The BQ21061 IC is a highly programmable battery management device that integrates a 500-mA linear charger
for single cell Li-Ion batteries, a general purpose LDO that may be configured as a load switch, and a pushbutton controller. Through it's I2C interface the host may change charging parameters such as battery regulation
voltage and charge current, and obtain detailed device status and fault information. The push-button controller
allows the user to reset the system without any intervention from the host and wake up the device from Ship
Mode.
The BQ21061 IC integrates a linear charger that allows the battery to be charged with a programmable charge
current of up to 500 mA. In addition to the charge current, other charging parameters can be programmed
through I2C such as the battery regulation voltage, pre-charge current, termination current, and input current limit
current.
The power path allows the system to be powered from PMID, even when the battery is dead or charging, by
drawing power from IN pin. It also prioritizes the system load connected to PMID, reducing the charging current,
if necessary, in order support the load when input power is limited. If the input supply is removed and the battery
voltage level is above V
BATUVLO
A more detailed description of the charger functionality is presented in the following sections of this document.
7.3.1.1 Battery Charging Process
The following diagram summarizes the charging process of the BQ21061 charger.
, PMID will automatically and seamlessly switch to battery power.
determines whether a charge cycle is initiated. When the CE input is high and a valid input source is connected,
the battery charge FET is turned off, preventing any kind of charging of the battery. A charge cycle is initiated
when the CHARGE_DISABLE bit is written to 0 and CE pin in low. Table 1 shows the CE pin and bit priority to
enable/disable charging.
Table 1. Charge Enable Function Through CE Pin and CE Bit
CE PINCHARGE _DISABLE BITCHARGING
00Enabled
01Disabled
10Disabled
11Disabled
Figure 17 shows a typical charge cycle.
Figure 17. BQ21061 Typical Charge Cycle
During Pre-Charge, where the battery voltage is below the V
level, the battery willl be charge with I
LOWV
PRECHARGE
current which can be programmed through I2C. During pre-charge, the safety timer is set to 25% of the safety
timer value during fast charge. Once the battery voltage reaches V
Charge Mode, charging the battery at I
voltage approaches the V
BATREG
level, the charging current starts tapering off as shown in Figure 17. Once the
CHARGE
charging current reaches the termination current (I
is charged to V
BATREG
level, the regulated PMID voltage should be set to at least 200mV above V
which may also be programmed through I2C. Once the battery
) charging is stopped. Note that to ensure that the battery
TERM
, the charger will then operate in Fast
LOWV
BATREG
Termination is only enabled when the charger CV loop is active in fast charge operation. No termination will
occur if the charge current reaches I
while VINDPM or DPPM is active as well as the thermal regulation
TERM
loop. Termination is also disabled when operating in the TS WARM region. The charger only goes to termination
when the current drops to I
due to the battery reaching the target voltage and not due to the charge current
TERM
limitation imposed by the previously mentioned control loops
Whenever a change in the charge current setting is triggered, whether it occurs due to I2C programming by the
host, Pre-Charge/Fast Charge transition or JEITA TS control, the device will temporarily disable charging (for ~ 1
ms) before updating the charge current value.
7.3.1.2 JEITA and Battery Temperature Dependent Charging
The charger can be configured through I2C setting to provide JEITA support, automatically reducing the charging
current and voltage depending on the battery temperature as monitored by an NTC thermistor connected to the
BQ21061 TS pin. See External NTC Monitoring (TS) section for details.
7.3.1.3 Input Voltage Based Dynamic Power Management (VINDPM) and Dynamic Power Path
Management (DPPM)
The VINDPM loop prevents the input voltage from collapsing to a point where charging would be interrupted by
reducing the current drawn by charger in order to keep VINfrom dropping below V
drops to V
, the VINDPM loops will reduce the input current through the blocking FETs, to prevent the
IN_DPM
. Once the IN voltage
IN_DPM
further drop of the supply voltage. The VINDPM function is disabled by default and may be enabled through I2C
command. The V
IN_DPM
On the other hand, the DPPM loop prevents the system output (PMID) from dropping below V
threshold is programmable through the I2C register from 4.2 V to 4.9 V in 100-mV steps.
+ 200mV when
BAT
the sum of the charge current and system load exceeds the BQ21061 input current limit setting. If PMID drops
below the DPPM voltage threshold, the charging current is reduced. If PMID continues to drop after BATFET
charging current is reduced to zero, the part will enter supplement mode when PMID falls below the supplement
mode threshold (V
BAT
- V
). NOte that DPPM function is disabled when PMID regulation is set to battery
BSUP1
tracking.
When the device enters these modes, the charge current may be lower than the set value and the corresponding
status bits and flags are set. If the 2X timer is set, the safety timer is extended while the loops are active.
Additionally, termination is disabled.
7.3.1.4 Battery Supplement Mode
When the PMID voltage drops below the battery voltage by V
, the battery supplements the system load.
BSUP1
The battery stops supplementing the system load when the voltage on the PMID pin rises above the battery
voltage by V
. During supplement mode, the battery supplement current is not regulated, however, the
BSUP2
Battery Over-Current Protection mechanism is active. Battery charge termination is disabled while in supplement
mode.
7.3.2 Protection Mechanisms
7.3.2.1 Input Over-Voltage Protection
The input over-voltage protection protects the device and downstream components connected to PMID, and BAT
against damage from over-voltage on the input supply. When VIN> V
an OVP fault is determined to exist.
OVP
During the OVP fault, the device turns the input FET off, sends a single 128-µs pulse on INT, and the
VIN_OVP_FAULT FLAG and STAT bits are updated over I2C. Once the OVP fault is removed, the STAT bit is
cleared and the device returns to normal operation. The FLAG bit is not cleared until it is read through I2C after
the OVP condition no longer exists. The OVP threshold for the device is 5.5 V to allow operation from standard
USB sources.
7.3.2.2 Safety Timer and I2C Watchdog Timer
At the beginning of the charge cycle, the device starts the safety timer. If charging has not terminated before the
programmed safety time, t
t
MAXCHG
. When a safety timer fault occurs, a single 128-µs pulse is sent on the INT pin and the
MAXCHG
, expires, charging is disabled. The pre-charge safety time, t
PRECHG
, is 25% of
SAFETY_TMR_FAULT_FLAG bit in the FLAG3 register is updated over I2C. The CE pin or input power must be
toggled in order to reset the safety timer and exit the fault condition. Note that the flag bit will be reset when the
bit is read by the host even if the fault has not been cleared. The safety timer duration is programmable using the
SAFETY_TIMER bits. When the safety timer is active, changing the safety timer duration resets the safety timer.
The device also contains a 2X_TIMER bit that doubles the timer duration prevent premature safety timer
expiration when the charge current is reduced by a high load on PMID (DPPM operation), VIN DPM, thermal
regulation, or a NTC (JEITA) condition. When 2X_TIMER function is enabled, the timer is allowed to run at half
speed when any loop is active other than CC or CV.
In addition, the BQ21061 has a 50s watchdog timer which resets after every I2C transaction. This feature, which
is enabled by default, resets all charger parameters registers to their default values when the timer expires.
7.3.2.3 Thermal Protection and Thermal Charge Current Foldback
In order to protect the device from damage due to overheating, the junction temperature of the die, TJ, is
monitored. When TJreaches T
operation when TJfalls below T
SHUTDOWN
SHUTDOWN
During the charging process, the device will reduce the charging current at a rate of (0.04 x I
exceeds the thermal foldback threshold, T
the device stops operation and is turned off. The device resumes
by T
REG
.
HYS
CHARGE
)/°C once T
to prevent further heating. If the charge current is reduced to 0, the
battery supplies the current needed to supply the PMID output. The thermal regulation threshold may be set
through I2C by setting the THERM_REG bits to the desired value.
The die junction temperature, TJ, can be estimated based on the expected board performance using Equation 1:
(1)
Where P
is the total power dissipation in the IC. The θJAis largely driven by the board layout. For more
DISS
information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the Semiconductor and IC Package Thermal Metrics
Application Report. Under typical conditions, the time spent in this state is very short.
7.3.2.4 Battery Short and Over Current Protection
In order to protect the device from over current and prevent excessive battery discharge current, the BQ21061
detects if the current on the battery FET exceeds I
(t
DGL_OCP
t
REC_SC
), the battery discharge FET is turned off and start operating in hiccup mode, re-enabling the BATFET
(250 ms) after being turned off by the over-current condition. If the over-current condition is triggered
BAT_OCP
. If the short circuit limit is reached for the deglitch time
upon retry for 3 to 7 consecutive times, the BATFET will then remain off until the part is reset or until Vin is
connected and valid. If the over-current condition and hiccup operation occurs while in supplement mode where
VIN is already present, VIN must be toggled in order for BATFET to be enabled and start another detection
cycle.
In the case where the battery is suddenly shorted while charging and VBAT drops below V
comparator quickly reduces the charge current to I
PRECHARGE
preventing fast charge current to be momentarily
SHORT
, a fast
injected to the battery while shorted.
J
7.3.2.5 PMID Short Circuit
A short on the PMID pin is detected when the PMID voltage drops below 1.6 V (PMID short threshold). PMID
short threshold has a 200-mV hysteresis. When this occurs, the input FET temporarily disconnects IN for up to
200 µs to prevent stress on the device if a sudden short condition happens, before allowing a softstart on the
PMID output.
7.3.3 VDD LDO
The device integrates a low current always-on LDO that serves as the digital I/O supply to the device. This LDO
is supplied by VIN or by BAT. The VDD LDO will remain on through all power states with the exception of Ship
Mode.
7.3.4 Load Switch/LDO Output and Control
The device integrates a low Iq load switch which can also be used as a regulated output. The LDO/LS has a
dedicated input pin VINLS and can support up to 150 mA of load current.
The LS/LDO may be enabled/disabled through I2C. The output voltage is programmable using the LS_LDO bits
in the registers. To limit voltage drop or voltage transients, a small ceramic capacitor must be placed close to
VINLS pin. Due to the body diode of the PMOS switch, it is recommended to have the capacitor on VINLS ten
times larger than the output capacitor on LS/LDO output.
The current capability of the LDO will depend on the VINLS input voltage and the programmed output voltage.
When the LS/LDO output is disabled through the register, an internal pull-down will discharge the output. The
LDO has output current limit protection, limiting the output current in the event of a short in the output. When the
LDO output current limit trips and is active for at least 1 ms, the device will set a flag and send an interrupt to the
host. The host must take action to disable the LDO if desired. The LDO may be set to operate as a load switch
by setting the LS_SWITCH_CONFG bit. Note that in order to change the configuration the LDO must be disabled
first, then the LS_SWITCH_CONFG bit is set for it to take effect.
7.3.5 PMID Power Control
The BQ21061 offers the option to control PMID through the I2C PMID_MODE bits. These bits can force PMID to
be supplied by BAT instead of IN, even if VIN> V
BAT
+ V
. They can also disconnect PMID, pulling it down or
SLP
leaving it floating. SeeTable 30 for details.
7.3.6 System Voltage (PMID) Regulation
The BQ21061 has a regulated system voltage output (PMID) that is programmable through I2C. PMID regulation
is only active when the adapter is connected and VIN> V
UVLO
, VIN> V
BAT
_ V
and VIN< V
SLP
. In Battery
OVP
Tracking operation (PMID_REG_CTRL = 000), the PMID voltage will be regulated to about 4.7% over battery
level (V
be at least 200mV higher than V
PMID
= V
x 1.047) or 3.8 V, whichever is higher. Note that the PMID regulation target should be set to
BAT
BATREG
.
7.3.7 MR Wake and Reset Input
The MR input has three main functions in the BQ21061. First, it serves as a means to wake the device from Ship
Mode. Second, it serves as a short button press detector, sending an interrupt to the host when the button
driving the MR pin has been pressed for a given period of time. This allows the implementation of different
functions in the end application such as menu selection and control. And finally it serves as a mean to get the
BQ21061 to reset the system by performing a power cycle (shut down PMID and automatically powering it back
on) or go to Ship Mode after detecting a long button press. The timing for the short and long button press
duration is programmable through I2C for added flexibility. Note that if a specific timer duration is changed
through I2C while that timer is active and has not expired, the new programmed value will be ignored until the
timer expires and/or is reset by MR. The MR input has an internal pull-up to BAT.
7.3.7.1 MR Wake or Short Button Press Functions
There are two programmable wake or short button press timers, WAKE1 and WAKE2. When the MR pin is held
low for t
WAKE1
the device sends an interrupt (128 µs active low pulse in the INT pin) and sets the
MRWAKE1_TIMEOUT flag when it expires. If the MR pin continues to be driven low after WAKE1 and the
WAKE2 timer expires, the BQ21061 sends a second interrupt and sets the MRWAKE2_TIMOUT flag. WAKE1 is
used as the timer to wake the device from ship mode. WAKE2’s only function is to send the interrupt and has no
effect on other BQ21061 functions. These flags are not cleared until they have been read by the host. Note that
interrupts are only sent when the flags are set and the flags must be cleared in order for another interrupt to be
sent upon MR press. The timer durations can be set through the MR_WAKEx_TIMER bits in the MRCTRL
Register section.
One of the main MR functions is to wake the device from Ship Mode when the MR is asserted. The device will
exit the Ship Mode when the MR pin is held low for at least t
. Immediately after the MR is asserted, VDD
WAKE1
will be enabled and the digital will start the WAKE counter. If the MR signal remains low until after the WAKE1
timer expires, the device will power up PMID and LDO (If enabled) completing the exit from the ship mode. If the
MR signal goes high before the WAKE1 timer expires, the device will go back to the Ship Mode operation, never
powering up PMID or the LDO. Note that if the MR pin remains low after exiting Ship Mode the wake interrupts
will not be sent and the long button press functions like HW reset will not occur until the MR pin is toggled. In the
case where a valid VIN(VIN> V
) is connected prior to WAKE2 timer expiring, the device will exit the ship
UVLO
mode immediately regardless of the MR or wake timer state. Figure 18 and Figure 19 show these different
scenarios.
Figure 18. MR Wake from Ship Mode (MR_LPRESS_ACTION = Ship Mode, VIN not valid)
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Figure 19. MR Wake from Ship Mode – VIN Dependencies
7.3.7.2 MR Reset or Long Button Press Functions
The BQ21061 device may be configured to perform a system hardware reset (Power Cycle/Autowake), go into
Ship Mode, or simply do nothing after a long button press (for example, when the MR pin is driven low until the
MR_HW_RESET timer expires).The action taken by the device when the timer expires is configured through the
MR_LPRESS_ACTION bits in the ICCTRL1 Register section. Once the MR_HW_RESET timer expires the
device immediately performs the operation set by the MR_LPRESS_ACTION bits. The BQ21061 sends an
interrupt to the host when the device detects that MR has been pressed for a period that is within t
from reaching t
which would trigger a HW Reset or used as another button press timer interrupt like the WAKE1 and WAKE2
timers. This interrupt is sent before the MR_HW_RESET timer expires and sets the MRRESET_WARN flag. The
t
HW_RESET_WARN
change the reset behavior at any time after MR going low and prior to the MR_HW_RESET timer expiring. It may
not change it however from another behavior to a HW reset (Power Cycle/Autowake) since a HW reset can be
gated by other condition requirements, such as VIN presence (controlled by MR_RESET_VIN bit), throughout the
whole duration of the button press. This flexibility allows the host to abort any reset or power shutdown to the
system by overriding a long button press command.
. This may warn the host that the button has been pressed for a period close to t
may be set through I2C by the MR_RESET_WARN bits in the MRCTRL register. The host may
HW_RESET_WARN
HW_RESET
Product Folder Links: BQ21061
/MR
INT
SHIPMODE
VDD
twake1
twake2
Treset_warn
thwreset
128us
PMID & LDO
Shipmode enabled when both
MR has gone high and
thwreset has expired
VIN
MR_RESET_VIN has no effect
on this mode
MR_LPRESS_ACTION
'RQ¶WFDUH
Go to Shipmode
/MR
INT
PMID
LDO
VDD
SW reset
twake1
twake2
treset_
warn
thwreset
t_restart
128us
twake1
VIN
Once thwreset timer
expires and decision to
power cycle is done,
the device will always
complete the wake
after t_restart, no
matter change in VIN,
or bit control
MR_LPRESS_ACTION
'RQ¶WFDUH
00 - PowerCycle (AutoWake)
MR_RESET_VIN
Default
Default
BQ21061
www.ti.com
SLUSDU0 –SEPTEMBER 2019
A HW reset may also be started by setting the HW_RESET bit. Note that during a HW reset , VDD remains on.
Figure 21. MR Wake and Reset Timing Active Mode When MR_LPRESS_ACTION = 1x (Ship Mode) and
Figure 20. MR Wake and Reset Timing with VIN Present or BAT Active Mode When