Page 1
Model 990 Computer
Model
911
Video Display Terminal
Installation and Operation
Part No. 945423·9701 * B
15
October
1981
TEXAS
INSTRUMENTS
Page 2
LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES
INSERT LATEST CHANGED PAGES AND DESTROY SUPERSEDED PAGES
Note: The changes in
margin
of
the changed page. A change
layout change.
page
Model 990
Original Issue
Revision
Revision
Change 1
Total number
PAGE
NO.
Cover
Effective
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pages in
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number
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at
the
bottom
of
the
page but no change bar
Video Display Terminal
1 June 1977
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User's Response
Business
Sales and Service
Cover
is 104
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Reply
.......
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consisting
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bottom
of
the
Installation
January 1979
July
1981
October
of
1981
the
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page and a vertical bar
indicates
either a deletion
in
the
and Operation (945423-9701)
following:
PAGE
NO.
CHANGE
NO.
outer
or a
© Texas
The
information
to
and
thereon
apparatus described herein are the exclusive property
Incorporated.
and/or
inventions
disclosing
Instruments
All Rights Reserved
drawings
disclosed
or
employing
Incorporated 1977. 1979, 1981
set forth in
herein and patents
the materials, methods,
this
document
which
of
and
might
techniques
Texas
all
rights in
be granted
Instruments
or
Page 3
~~------------------
'-V
945423-9701
PREFACE
This manual provides detailed instructions for installing the United States, European, and Japanese
versions
of
the Texas Instruments Model 911 Video Display Terminal in conjunction with a prop-
erly installed Model
990 Computer. In addition
it
contains information required
to
program the
computer to use the terminal and a description
of
the unit with specific attention
to
the controls
and indicators. The information
is
divided into the following four sections:
Change 1
General Description - This section briefly describes
the
features and major components
of
the
terminal system
to
acquaint the reader with
the
system.
II Installation - This section provides step-by-step instructions for unpacking and install-
ing
the
terminal system in either a local
or
remote location. The procedures presuppose
that
the reader is
not
familiar with digital electronics.
If
you do not choose to install the terminal yourself and would like one
of
Texas
Instruments' service personnel to install the terminal,
please contact
your
local Texas
Instruments sales or service office. Either
of
these sources can also obtain for
you
additional information concerning the terminal should you decide
to
perform mainte-
nance on
the
terminal.
III
Programming - This section presents interfacing information for use by a programmer
in designing a service routine
to
control the terminal's activity.
IV Operation - This section describes the controls and indicators
of
the terminal system
for terminal operators.
It
includes not only keyboard information, but also terminal
status and maintenance indicators
so
that
the operator can determine
if
the
terminal
is
operating properly. This section also provides instructions
to
enable operating personnel
to
perform preventive maintenance
on
the terminal.
APPENDIXES
A.
United Kingdom Model - This appendix contains information for United Kingdom
Model 911 VDT keyboard and displayed character set.
B.
French Model - This appendix contains information for French Model 911 VDT keyboard and displayed character set.
C.
German Model - This appendix contains information for the German Model 911 VDT
keyboard and displayed character set.
D. Swedish/Finnish Model - This appendix contains information for the Swedish/Finnish
Model 911 VDT keyboard and displayed character set.
E.
Norwegian/Danish Model - This appendix contains information for the Norwegian/
Danish Model 911 VDT keyboard and displayed character set.
F. Japanese Katakana Model - This appendix contains information for the Japanese Kata-
kana Model 911 VDT keyboard and displayed character set.
G. Arabic Model - This appendix contains information for the Arabic Model
911
VDT
keyboard
and
displayed character set.
iii
Digital
Systems
Division
Page 4
J17S\
~
______
I
945423-9701
H. French Word Processing Model - This appendix contains information for the French
Word Processing Model
911 VDT and displayed character set.
_
Change 1
iv
Digital
Systems Division
Page 5
~~------------------
~
945423-9701
Paragraph
1.1
1.2
1.2.1
1.2.2
1.2.3
1.2.3.1
1.2.3
.2
1.2.3
.3
1.2.4
1.2.5
1.3
1.4
T
ABLE
OF
CONTENTS
Title
Page
SECTION I. GENERAL DESCRIPTION
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-1
System Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Communications Register Unit (CRU)
......................................
1-2
VDT Controller.
....................................................
1-2
Display
Unit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-5
CRT Monitor
....................................................
1-5
Power
Supply.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-5
Control Logic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Keyboard
.........................................................
1-6
Interconnection
Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-6
Purpose
of
Equipment
..................................................
1-7
Displayed Characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
SECTION
II.
INSTALLATION
2.1
General
............................................................
2-1
2.2 Site Requirements
.....................................................
2-1
2.2.1 Mounting Surface
...................................................
2·2
2.2.2 Cabling Restrictions
..................................................
2-2
2.3 Unpacking/Packing
....................................................
2-3
2.4 Remote Installation Cable Routing
..........................................
2-6
2.5 Terminal Installation
...................................................
2-6
2.6 Connection
to
Computer
................................................
2-9
2.6.1 Location
of
Controller Circuit Board
.......................................
2-9
2.6.2 Installing the
Controller
...............................................
2-9
2.6.3 Terminal Interrupt.
..................................................
2-12
2.6.4
ComputerPowerOn
.................................................
2-12
2.7 Terminal
Checkout
....................................................
2-12
SECTION III. PROGRAMMING
3.1 General
............................................................
3-1
3.2 Terminal Controller Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-1
3.2.1 Input Interface
.....................................................
3-1
3.2.2
Output
Interface
....................................................
3-1
3.3 Screen Initialization
....................................................
3-1
3.4 Keyboard Codes
......................................................
3-6
3.5
Cursor
............................................................
.3-12
3.6 Sample Routines
.....................................................
.3-12
3.6.1 Polling Routine
....................................................
.3-15
3.6.2 Read Keyboard
.............
"
.......................................
.3-15
3.6.3 Echo
Character to Screen
.............................................
.3-16
v
Digital
Systems
Division
Page 6
~~-------------------
~
945423-9701
I
Paragraph
3.6.4
3.6.5
3.6.6
3.6.7
3.6.S
3.6.9
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS (Continued)
Title
Page
Read Character From Screen
...........................................
.3-17
Read Cursor Position
................................................
.3-17
Restore Cursor Position
..............................................
.3-17
Move
Cursor
......................................................
.3-17
Clear Screen
......................................................
.3-18
Roll
Up
Screen
....................................................
.3-19
SECTION IV.
OPERATION
4.1
General. : ..........................................................
4-1
4.2 Keyboard
...........................................................
4-1
4.3 Display Unit Controls and Indicators
.........................................
44
4.3.1 Control Panel
......................................................
44
4.3.2 Data Indicators
.....................................................
44
4.3.3
VDr
Controller Indicator
..............................................
4-5
4.4 Operator Preventive Maintenance
...........................................
4-5
LIST
OF
APPENDIXES
Appendix
Title
Page
A
United Kingdom Model 911
VDr
Keyboard Arrangement, Hexadecimal Codes,
Mode Character Positions, ASCII, and Special Character Set
.......................
A-I
B
French Model 911
VDr
Keyboard Arrangement, Hexadecimal Codes, Mode
Character Positions, ASCII, and Special Character Set
...........................
B-1
C
German Model 911
VDr
Keyboard Arrangement, Hexadecimal Codes, Mode
Character Positions, ASCII, and Special Character Set
...........................
C-I
D
Swedish/Finnish Model911
VDr
Keyboard Arrangement, Hexadecimal Codes,
Mode Character Positions, ASCII, and Special Character Set
.......................
D-l
E
Norwegian/Danish Keyboard Arrangement, Hexadecimal Codes, Mode Character
Positions, ASCII, and Special Character Set
..................................
E-I
F
Japanese Katakana Keyboard Arrangement, Hexadecimal Codes, Mode Character
Positions, Modified ASCII
(JIS-S), Special Character Set, and Additional
Eight-Bit Displayed Character Set.
........................................
F-I
G Arabic Model
911
VDT Keyboard Arrangement, Device Service Routine
Interfaces,
and
Keyboard Codes
................................................
G-l
H
French Word Processing Model
911
VDT
Keyboard Arrangement, Hexadecimal
Codes, Mode Character Positions, ASCII, and Special Character Set
...........................
H-l
Change
1
vi
Digital
Systems Division
Page 7
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~
945423-9701
Figure
1-1
1-2
1-3
1-4
1-5
1-6
1-7
2-1
2-2
2-3
24
2-5
2-6
3-1
3-2
3-3
34
3-5
3-6
3-7
3-8
3-9
4-1
4-2
4-3
44
Table
1-1
2-1
2-2
2-3
LIST
OF
ILLUSTRATIONS
Title
Page
Model 911 Video Display Terminal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-2
Model 911 VDT Standard Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-3
Major Terminal System Components
.........................................
1-4
Model 911 VDT Controller Block Diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14
United States Standard Keyboard Arrangement.
.................................
1-6
United States Model 911 VDT Displayed Character Set,
Including Graphics Symbols
............................................
1-8
Model 911 VDT International Displayed Characters
..............................
.1-10
Terminal
Physical Dimensions
......................
:
......................
2-1
Model 911 Video Display and Keyboard Shipping
Container.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
..
....
24
Keyboard Shipping Container
.............................................
2-5
Basic Terminal Kit
.....................................................
2-7
Model 911 VDT Kit
Cabling Configurations
....................................
2-8
Typical Model 911 VDT
Controller Board
.....................................
2-11
Computer Input Bit Assignments for Terminal a
.................................
3-2
Computer Input Bit Assignments for Terminal 1
.................................
3-3
Displayed
Character Positions
.............................................
3-5
Computer
Output
Bit Assignments for Terminal O
................................
3-7
Computer
Output
Bit Assignments for Terminal 1
................................
3-8
Keyboard
Showing Lowercase Mode Character Positions and
Hexadecimal
Codes
.................................................
.3-14
Keyboard Showing Uppercase Mode Character Positions and
Hexadecimal
Codes
.................................................
.3-14
Keyboard
Showing Control Character Positions and
Hexadecimal
Codes
..................................................
3-14
Keyboard
Showing Shift Mode Character Positions and
Hexadecimal
Codes
.................................................
.3-15
United States Model 911 Keyboard
..........................................
4-2
Display
Unit Control Panel
...............................................
4-3
Data Indicator Locations
................................................
4-3
Data Indicators
Sample Pattern
............................................
44
LIST
OF
TABLES
Title Page
VDT Display Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-5
Terminal Site Installation Requirements
......................................
2-2
VDT
Controller Standard Configurations
......................................
2-10
Addresses Assigned to
CRU Expansion Chassis
..................................
2-11
vii
Digital
Systems
Division
Page 8
~~-------------------
~
945423-9701
Table
3-1
3-2
3-3
3-4
3-5
4-1
4-2
LIST
OF
TABLES (Continued)
Title
Page
Model
911
VDT
Controller
Addressable
Input
Bits
...............................
3-4
Built-In Test
Input
Signals
................................................
3-6
Model 911
VDT
Controller
Addressable
Output
Bits
..............................
3-9
Built-In Test
Keyboard
Simulation
Data
.....................................
.3-12
United
States
Keyboard
Codes
.............................................
3-13
United
States
and
European
Keyboard
Mode
Selection
.............................
4-2
Japanese
Katakana
Keyboard
Mode
Selection
...................................
4-2
viii
Digital
Systems Division
Page 9
Jd7S\
______
_
~
945423-9701
1.1 GENERAL
SECTION I
GENERAL
DESCRIPTION
The Texas Instruments Model 911 Video Display Tenninal (figure 1-1)
is
a versatile communica-
tions terminal
that
provides maximum operator convenience in a distinctively styled package.
The tenninal incorporates the following features
that
enhance operation:
• Separate keyboard
to
facilitate placing the keyboard in the most convenient position
for the operator
• Upper- and lower-case gothic character set
• 32-character graphic drawing set (i920-character display only)
• Katakana character set (Japanese Katakana model only)
• Instant data display capability
to
allow the
computer
to display immediately a full screen
with infonnation
• A special-function bit
that
accompanies each character in memory, specifies whether the
character
is
displayed at dual (high
or
low) intensity, and indicates such things
as
a pro-
tected field if used
as
a software flag (feature
not
available
on
Japanese Katakana model)
• Standard typewriter keyboard
• Numeric pad
to
facilitate entry
of
numerical quantities
• Programmable function keys.
In addition
to
these operator features, the terminal provides programmable cursor positioning and
editing functions, a self-contained refresh memory plus a full-ASCII keyboard with additional
function keys suited
to
the specific application. The Japanese model keyboard has a KANA mode
key
to
select 64-character Katakana set.
The Model 911 Video Display Terminal (VDT) kit
is
a peripheral unit
that
communicates with
the
Model
990
Computer via the Communications Register Unit (CRU) serial data bus. The kit consists
of
the following components:
• Model 911 VDT Assembly, Part Number 946075
• Model 911 Keyboard Assembly, Part Number
948560
• Interconnection cable, United States and Japan (unshielded), Part Number 948561;
European (shielded),
Part Number 936500
•
Model 911 VDT Controller, United States and European, Part Number 946076
• Model 911 VDT Controller, Japanese, Part Number 2263490.
Figure
1-2
illustrates the standard configuration
tor
the Model 911 VDT kit.
1-1
Digital
Sy~tems
Division
Page 10
~
945423-9701
~~-------------------
135978
Optional
1.2 SYSTEM
Figure
following
ing
1.2.1 COMMUNICATIONS
(CRU)
between
on
apparent
also use this interface.
1.2.2
printed
or a Model990
controller
and
(911-477-39-3)
components
•
Extension
•
Extension
1-3
paragraphs
of
system
is
the
the
the
keyboard
to
VDT
wiring
is
time-base
available
cable assembly, Part
cable kit,
TERMINOLOGY
illustrates the relationship
describe
operation.
serial
interface
controller
the
operator.
CONTROLLER.
board
actually
generator.
and
generates
that
family
one
computer
Figure 1-1. Model 911 Video Display Tenninal
for
the
Part
the
REGISTER
of
the
the
computer
eight
Status
fits
or
from
The
into
two
Model 911 VDT
Number
Number
function
Texas
data
Model 911 VDT
one
expansion
autonomous
936503
of
the
of
each
UNIT (CRU).
Instruments
through
bits). This transfer occurs so rapidly
the
controller
of
the
chassis locations
chassis. Depending
include:
946093
major
this interface
controllers
components
of
the
Model
and
control
Controller
components
The
that
of
the
to
provide an
Communications
990
Computer.
one
bit at a
information
is
implemented
of
a Model
on
the
share a
common
VDT system.
Register Unit
Data
is
time
(each
that
no delay
from
the
on
990
family
selected
option,
CRU
The
understand-
transmitted
character
is
computer
a full-size
computer
the
interface
The
controller
symbol
memory
continually
data
receives
in a self-contained display-image
and
generates a signal
rewritten
on
data
from
the
screen for image refresh.
the
computer
pattern
to
and the terminal
memory.
write
1-2
The
that
controller
data
onto
keyboard
the
and
reads
the
VDT screen. Data
Digital
stores
data
Systems Division
screen
from its
is
Page 11
~~-------------------
~
945423-9701
r'
~~----~L
91 1 VDT
CONTROLLER.
JAPANESE.
PART
NO.
2263490
91 1 VDT
CONTROLLER
UNITED
STATES
AND
EUROPEAN.
PART
NO.
946076
INTERCONNECTION
CABLE
s:::::::l
t:::::l
(SHIELDED)
PART
NO.
936500
'------------~
(UNSHIELDED\
PART
NO.
948561.0PTIONAL
CABLES
UP
~
TO
2000
FEET
(610
METRES)
LONG
MAY
BE
SPECI
FlED.
91 1 VDT
KEYBOARD
ASSEMBLY
PART
NO.
948560
(A)134307A
911
VIDEO
DISPLAY
UNIT
PART
NO.
946075
Figure 1-2. Model 911 VDT Standard Configuration
Display characteristics such
as
refresh rate (50-
or
60-hertz), character capacity (1920
or
960
characters), and alphanumeric character set (display symbols) are specified by read-only memory
(ROM). Graphic character generator logic
is
only available in the I 920-character display.
Standard VDT controller options include:
• Single-display, 960-character capacity
• Dual display, 960-character capacity
• Single display, 1920-character capacity
• Dual display, 1920-character capacity.
Figure
1-4
is
a simplified block diagram
of
the VDT controller.
1-3
Digital Systems Division
Page 12
~-------
~
945423-9701
COMPUTER
(A)
134308
ALARM
ENABLE
VDT
0
MODEM
AUDIO
\
CONTROL
VIDEO
DATA
J
91
1
LOGIC
DISPLAY
\
UNIT
..
KEYBOARD
DATA
TERMINAL
STATUS
J
J
...
911
VDT
-
CONTROLLER
CRU
SERIAL
r
+-j
AUDIO
FROM
,.....
DATA
TO/FROM
COMPUTER
(A)134309
+-
------
MODEM
MODULE
"-+
+-
(JUMPER
INPUT)
KEYBOARD
ALARM
ENABLE
VDT
1
MODEM
AUDIO
CONTROL
7
911
LOGIC
VIDEO
DATA
DISPLAY
KEYBOARD
DATA
\
UNIT
..
..
TERMINAL
STATUS
)
I"'"
KEYBOARD
Figure 1-3. Major Terminal System Components
VDT
O-CONTROL
LOGIC
•
MEMORY
•
KEYBOARD
•
BU
IL
T-IN-TEST
•
VIDEO
OUTPUT
LOGIC
•
ALARM
r
TIME
BASE
GENERATOR
~
VDT
l-CONTROL
LOGIC
•
MEMORY
•
KEYBOARD
•
BU
IL
T-IN-TEST
•
VIDEO
OUTPUT
LOGIC
•
ALARM
AUDIO
AUDIO
FROM
MODEM
}
TO/FROM
DISPLAY
UNIT
}
TO/FROM
DISPLAY
UNIT
FROM
MODEM
Figure 1-4. Model 911 VDT Controller Block Diagram
"
}
-
1-4
Digital Systems Division
Page 13
~
Jd1s\
______
945423-9701
_
___
1.2.3 DISPLAY UNIT. The display unit houses a 30S-millimetre (12-inch) cathode-ray tube (CRT)
monitor, power supply, control logic, audible alarm logic, and two controls to allow the operator to
of
adjust the brightness
1.2.3.1 CRT Monitor. The CRT monitor
of
12
capacity
or
the display and the volume
24 lines
of
information containing 80 characters each. The monitor produces
is
alphanumeric and graphic display characters using the television raster scan technique. Table
of
the audible alarm.
a 30S-millimetre (l2-inch) monitor with a selectable
1-1
lists the principle display characteristics.
is
Functionally, the display
• Alphabetic, numeric, and special (+,
characterized by the following features:
-,
*, etc.) character set
• Katakana character set (Japanese Katakana model only)
• Graphic character set (1920-character display)
• 960-
or
1 920-character formats
• Software-selectable cursor blinking
• Gothic font upper- and lower-case characters
• Dual intensity display
(not
on Japanese Katakana model).
1.2.3.2
Power Supply. The power supply in the display unit consists
of
a power transformer
mounted on the display unit base and regulators on the logic board mounted at the rear
display unit.
Table 1-1. VDT Display Characteristics
Description
Character Matrix - Columns
- Rows
Character Block - Columns
-Rows
Frame (refresh) Rate
Lines
of
Characters
Character Rate (Dot rate divided
by dots per character
Characters per row
Video Display Horizontal Size
Millimetres - tolerance ±6.35
(Inches - tolerance ±0.25)
Video Display Vertical Size
Millimetres - tolerance ±6.35
(Inches - tolerance ±0.25)
in
MHz.
960 Characters
50Hz
5
7
7 7
16
50
12 12
1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57
80 80 80 80
215.90 215.90
(8.50)
139.70
(5.50) (5.50)
60Hz
5 5
7 7
16
60 50 60
(8.50) (8.50)
139.70 139.70
1920 Characters
50 Hz
7 7
10 10
24 24
215.90 215.90
(5.50)
60
Hz
5
7
(8.50)
139.70
(5.50)
of
the
1-5
----_
..
__
.-.
-------------------
Digital Systems Division
Page 14
~
945423-9701
~~-------
1.2.3.3 Control Logic. The control logic on the printed wiring board
that
unit contains logic
supports the display function, provides an interface between keyboard
at
the rear
of
the display
and VDT controller, and drives the audible alann.
1.2.4
KEYBOARD. A separate keyboard connects
cable. The four-mode keyboard provides the 128-character
to
the display unit by a 1.52-metre (5-foot)
ASCII code set and additional eight-
bit codes for special functions. The Japanese keyboard has two additional modes for generating
or
the Katakana character set. A key on the Japanese keyboard selects alphanumeric
of
character set. The key at the left
of
tion
The 911 keyboard consists
function key array. Figure
the Katakana code set.
of
1-5
illustrates the United States keyboard arrangement. Key caps are
removable and may be replaced
to
national fonnats. (Refer
the appendixes for illustrations
the space bar configures the Japanese keyboard for genera-
a basic alphanumeric keyboard, numeric pad, cursor pad, and a
to
provide custom legends for special applications such
of
international fonnats.)
Katakana
as
inter-
1.2.5 INTERCONNECTION CABLE. The interconnection cable joins the display unit and the
VDT controller. The standard cable
5 metres (16.4 feet) long and consists
of
coaxial cable for
is
video and seven signal lines (six conductors in balanced pair configuration and one single-ended
conductor). Optional cables are available
provide a maximum separation
of
610 metres (2000
to
feet).
ERASE
FIELD
PRINT
-
'NS
CHAR
(8)134310
ERASE
INPUT
F3
..
I
F2
f
REPEAT
Figure 1-5. United States Standard Keyboard Arrangement
F4
FS
SPACE
F6
F7
FB
CMD
7
B
9
4
5
6
I 2
3
.
0
1-6
Digital Systems Division
Page 15
~~-------------------
~
945423-9701
1.3
PURPOSE OF EQUIPMENT
The Model 911 Video Display Terminal provides two-way communication between the VDT
operator and
the
computer system. The
VDT
controller can be inserted into any available CRU
chassis location in the computer
or
expansion chassis. Together with the appropriate software
installed in the computer, the VDT allows the operator to perform the following functions:
• View
the
video display presented by the computer
• Enter data for display from the keyboard
• Edit any
of
the entered data
as
desired through the use
of
the controlling computer
program
• Store the display contents
in
computer memory for
use
by other peripheral devices
(printer, modem, etc.)
• Initiate special functions such
as
terminal self-test, print line,
or
scroll display. These
functions are activated by the program in response to input
of
a special keyboard
character code,
or
alternately, by entry
of
a control character at the keyboard.
1.4
OISPLA YEO CHARACTERS
Figure
1-6
illustrates the United States character set
that
is
generated by the Model 911
VOT
controller and displayed on the CRT screen. Figure
1-7
illustrates the international set
of
characters
not
illustrated in figure
1-6.
Refer
to
Appendix F, figure F-9, for the additional 128 eight-bit
Japanese Katakana displayed character set.
1-7
Digital Systems Division
Page 16
~
Msa
945423-9701
ba
bs-
b,
b7
b6
-LSB
bs
0 0
0 0 0 0 , , , 1
0 0 , I 0 0 , 1
()
0 0 0 0 0 -----
"':',~:
""
""
""
""
i'i'
I.
iii
1'1'111111'
1'1'111111'
1'1'1"11111'
1'1'111111'
I'
-
""
""
""
(B)136296A(I/2)
1'1'111111'
1'1'111111'
.'1'111111'
o 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
*
GRAPHICS
**
REFER
JAPANESE
THOSE
Figure 1-6. United Scates Model 911 VDT Displayed Character Set,
Including Graphics Symbols (Sheet 1
(1920-CHARACTER
TO
FIGURE
CHARACTERS
SHOWN.
1-7
FOR
THAT
1-8
DISPLAY
EUROPEAN
VARY
FROM
ONLY)
AND
of
2)
Digital Systems Division
-------
--~-
- -
----------
Page 17
~
945423·9701
be
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
"..--
be _ bl
b7
0 0 0 0
Itt
t
b6
0 0 t
tOO
t t
MSB-LSB
bs
0
tOt
0 t 0 1
"'~,"::'
1'1'111111'
""
I'
'111111'
""
1'1'111111'
""
1'1'1111"11:'
~
""1'1'1111"11:'
""
1'1'1111"11:'
""1'1'111111:'
""
l'l'lllllle
(8) t 36296
(2/2)
o 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
*
GRAPHICS
(t920-CHARACTER
DISPLAY
ONLY)
**
REFER
TO
FIGURE t -7
FOR
EUROPEAN
AND
JAPANESE
CHARACTERS
TIiAT
VARY
FROM
THOSE
SHOWN.
Figure
1-6.
United
States
Model
911
VDT
Displayed
Character
Set,
Including
Graphics
Symbols
(Sheet 2
of
2)
1-9
Digital
Systems
Division
---
--
--------
------
Page 18
~
945423-9701
~~------------------
7'B
1011
5,0
1101
2'3
0011
A.
UNITED
5/B
o
1
o
KINGDOM
o
5/C
1100
B.
JAPANESE
1
1
SID
1
o
1
7/E
1
o
1
KATAKAN
..
7/0
,.
'"
1011
1101
1110
I ""I
C.
1
o
1
7.'0
1101
SWEDISH/FINNISH
7/C
1100
SIC
1 1 0 0
H"'r-+
1
o
1
__
~1
5/0
1101
(B)
140750
1
7/B
5/0
o
1
•
1011
1
o
1
7!B
1011
1
011
1110
D.
G';:RMAN
1
o
1
7/0
1101
E.
NORWEGIAN/DANISH
--
--
1011~M~~
1100
5/C
1100
1
o
1
Figure 1-7. Model 911 VDT International Displayed Characters
1-10
Digital Systems Division
Page 19
~
945423-9701
~~-------------------
SECTION
INSTALLATION
2.1
GENERAL
This section provides information for planning
terminal, installing the terminal and controller at the site, and ensuring that
operating properly. The instructions in this section require a moderate familiarity with cabling
technique and use
electronics.
2.2 SITE REQUIREMENTS
Because the keyboard
mounted
installation· site must, however, conform
in figure 2-1. Table
their significance.
:E':
:E':
:E~
:E~
U"lU"l
U"lU"l
CIIf'
f'CII
f'C')
<0\0
to
•
U"lo
<O~
in several configurations to suit
. .
-
.......
of
common handtools,
is
separate from the display portion
2-1
summarizes some
but
to
the
of
the requirements. The following paragraphs explain
II
the
installation site, unpacking and packing the
the
do not assume any level
of
the terminal, the terminal can be
the
needs
physical dimensions
of
the operating environment. The
of
of
expertise in digital
the terminal
as
terminal
illustrated
is
f
(A)134311A
14----
450.
(17.75
85
~
MM
---.tl
IN.)
Figure 2-1. Terminal Physical Dimensions
9.65
(0.38
MM
IN.)
85.725
(3.375
MM
IN.)
508.00
(20.00
OIL----
MM
IN.
)
_10
------~
2-1
..
---.-----------------
Digital Systems Division
Page 20
~
945423-9701
Table 2-1. Terminal Site Installation Requirements
Requirement
Minimum Width
Minimum Depth
Minimum Vertical
Clearance
Recommended Height
Mounting Surface from
Floor:
Seated Operator
Standing Operator
Operating Temperatures
of
Display Only
508mm
(20 in.)
483 mm
(19 in.)
345 mm
(13.6 in.)
711
t0914mm
(28 to 36 in.)
1067
to
1270 mm
(42 to 50 in.)
O°C
to
40°C*
to
(32°F
104°p)
Keyboard Only
508mm
(20 in.)
216 mm
(8.5 in.)
mm
to
to
is
40°C*
Free access
keys (keyboard
102 mm (4 in.) high)
711
(28 in.)
1067 mm
(42 in.)
O°C
(32°F to 104°F*)
Display /Keyboard
508mm
(20 in.)
711
mm
(28 in.)
343mm
(13.5 in.)
711 mm
(28 in.)
1067 mm
(42 in.)
0° C to 40°C*
(32°F to 104°F*)
5%
to
Operating Humidity
Altitude
*At
sea
level. Derate to 32°C (90°F) at 3048 metres (10,000 feet).
5%
to
95%
3048 metres
(10,000 feet)
5%
to 95%
3048 metres
(10,000 feet)
95%
3048 metres
(10,000 feet)
2.2.1 MOUNTING SURFACE. The VDT components require adequate mounting space
of
flat, horizontal surface. The space must allow room at the rear
of
connections, clearance at the front
to
the front
block
the- ventilation louvers on the underside
of
the
keyboard. The mounting surface must be free
operator's normal position (sitting
the display unit for adequate viewing, and operator access
of
the display unit. Consideration
or
standing) when using the terminal determines the height
the display unit for cable
of
any material
that
the mounting surface.
2.2.2 CABLING
If
site.
the keyboard
metres (5 feet)
cable. This restriction also ensures
RESTRICTIONS. Cable lengths affect the positioning
is
operated
of
the keyboard input connector on the rear
as
a separate unit from the display, it must remain within 1.52
that
the operator can clearly view the display screen. In addition,
the display unit must be within 1.83 metres (6 feet)
to
display can be positioned up
Computer through the use
to
feet) up
of
use
a maximum
an optional extension cable assembly. The extension cable assembly (Part Number 946093)
of
of
610 metres (2000 feet) from the
5 metres (16.4 feet) away from the controlling Model 990
a single basic cable assembly. Distances in excess
of
of
a grounded
computer
the display due to the length
of
the equipment at the
outlet
for input power. The
of
5 metres (16.4
can be achieved through the
on
could
of
of
a
the
of
the
2-2
Digital Systems Division
Page 21
~
JdlS\
______
945423-9701
_
includes
Number
has been
2.3 UNPACKING/PACKING
The display unit and keyboard are shipped in a corrugated
in figures 2-2 and 2-3. The VDT controller circuit
be packed in the accessory
(if
it
to
form
mounted
936503)
routed
the
terminal
ensure
the
1.
2.
3. Grasp accessory
that
following steps
Position container so
Slit
connectors and
provides cable and separate
through
is
shipped
no
signs
shipping carton and all packing materials for use in reshipment
Save
of
the
tape
along
is
used for
the
walls
or
cable tray.
box
shown in figure 2-3
as a part
of
physical damage are present. Following this preliminary inspection, per-
to
remove the equipment from the
unit.
container
box
of a computer
that
the
address label
flag seams and open container.
by
its sides and lift
open
NOTE
floor installations.
connector
board
or
system). Upon receipt
is
right-side up.
out
of
The
extension cable
kits for final assembly
cardboard
and
the
in the
container
container.
container
interconnecting cables
container
containing
of
and prepare
after
the
system
the
as
illustrated
may
the
computer
container, inspect
it
for operation.
kit
either
(Part
cable
Open accessory box and remove contents, which
4.
and interface cables, depending on configuration shipped.
5.
Set
contents
6. Grasp
7.
Open
8. Grasp
box.
9. Place keyboard and end caps on a table
board from underneath, slip end caps off.
10.
Return
11.
Lift
12. Grasp display assembly
ing foam block.
13.
Return
possible reshipment.
keyboard
keyboard
keyboard
top
of
accessory
box
box.
by
keyboard
half
all packing materials
end caps
of
foam block
Set display assembly in desired location.
box
by
its sides and lift
front and rear edges and lift
to
by
front and rear where base
aside in a safe place.
out
of
or
keyboard
off
display assembly and set aside.
to
boxes and repack boxes
box
and set
may
container.
keyboard
other
supporting surface. Supporting key-
box
and
include manuals, VDT controller,
and
foam
end
caps
out
of
aside.
top
meet,
and lift
into
shipping container. Store for
out
of
remain-
2-3
Digital Systems Division
Page 22
~~-------------------
~
945423-9701
(B)
140925
BOX,
ACCESSORY
911
VDT
END
CAPS,
KEYBOARD
BOX,
KEYBOARD
CUSHION
PADS,
VDT
BOX,
SHIPPING
Figure
2-2,
Model
911
Video
Display
and
Keyboard
Shipping
Container
2-4
Digital
Systems
Division
Page 23
N
~
o
cO'
-.
....
III
-
en
~
....
CD
3
en
o
~.
Cij'
O·
::J
)
END
CAP~
(A)135989
)
)
~
MODEL
911
KEYBOARD
\0
~
VI
~
~!N!fi,jff/!f,itf!!!fif!iIf!f1'~c/~
~~
-----
-----
/
N
W
\0
END
CAP
---J
0
TWO
..-
PLACES
--
Figure 2-3. Keyboard Shipping Container
Page 24
~
945423-9701
~~------------------
2.4 REMOTE INSTALLATION CABLE ROUTING
if
the
terminal
controlling
This
cable
controlling
when
routing
I.
3.
is
990
computer,
must
be
computer
the
cable
Do
not
Do
not
Do
not
wireway.
ordered
routed
before
through
route
route
route
to
be installed at a distance greater
an additional cable
from
the
terminal installation site
continuing
the
facility.
the
cable
in
conduit
the
cable
through
the
cable across traftic areas unless
with
damp
is
included
the
installation
that
or
in
the
to
procedure.
also houses ac
wet areas.
than
5 metres
shipping containers.
within 5
power
the
cable
(16.4
metres
Observe
lines.
is
protected
(16.4
the
feet) from
feet)
following rules
with a rigid
of
the
the
4. Allow su fficient slack at each end
TERMINAL
2.5
Perform
it:
I.
')
3. Set
4. Remove
5.
6. Remove
display
the
Ensure
Place
connect
Place
display
unit
and
INSTALLATION
following
that
all
the
display
The
ON/OFF
the
ON/OFF
the
the
power
the
keyboard
the
unit,
to
the
controller
procedure
required
unit
switch
switch
cable tie from
cable tie from
and
to
terminal
in
is
cord
in
the
connect
of
cable.
install
the
located
to
the
to a grounded
desired location.
the
the
components
desired location.
NOTE
on
the
OFF
position.
the
ac
power
the
keyboard
cable
to
the
cable for easy
display unit
are
right side
cord
ac receptacle.
cable,
jack
J I (KYBD)
and
present
of
the
(at
the
route
connection
keyboard
as
illustrated in figure 2-4.
display unit.
back
the cable
on
the
of
the
at the site selected for
of
the
display
to
the
rear
of
the
cable
to
the
unit)
and
rear
of
the
display unit.
The
tl:rminal can be installed
ing
upon
computer.
each
the
distance between
Figure 2-5 illustrates the cable
configuration.
NOTE
in
one
the
2-6
of
two
terminal
connections
configurations
and
the
controlling
required for
depend-
Digital Systems Division
Page 25
t-)
~
o
10'
;::;:
2!.
~
Q)
~
o
~.
iii'
o·
:::J
)
INTERCONNECTION
CABLE
UNSHIELDED,
PART
NO.
948561
SHIELDED,
PART
NO.
936500
VDT
CONTROLLER
JAPANESE
PART
NO.
2263490
UNITED
STATES
AND
EUROPEAN
PART
NO.
946076
(A)
135978
(911-477-39-3)
)
VIDEO
DISPLAY
UNIT
PART
NO.
946075
~
KEYBOARD
PART
NO.
948560
(CABLE
NOT
VISIBLE.
UNITED
STATES
VERSION
SHOWN)
Figure 2-4. Basic Tenninal Kit
)
~
'..0
+:0-
VI
+:0-
t-)
w
\0
-..J
o
.....
Page 26
~
945423-9701
~~------------------
ONLY
J4
AVAILABLE
PWB
(LOWEST
ON
SINGLE-CONTROLLER
BASE
ADDRESS)
990
COMPUTER
(TOP
VIEW)
SECOND
INTERCONNECT
DISPLAY
J 1
PI
CABLE
CABLE
911
STANDARD
VDT
BU
CUSTOMER
NECTORS
DURING
j
J2
P2
ILDING
EXTENDED
/
J 1
PI
ROUTED
DEFINED.
ARE
INSTALLATION.
CABLE
ATTACHED
911
REMOTE
VDT
CON-
CABLE
IS
(TOP
SECOND
(A)134315A
990
COMPUTER
VIEW)
--
INTERCONNECT
CABLE
---jj~(
911
REMOTE
TERMINAL
NOTE:
NO.
BY
FAST-ON
THE
REMOTE
--
INTERCONNECT
CABLE
SHIELDED
936500
CONNECTING
CONNECTOR
FAST-ON
LOCAT
Figure 2-5. Model 911 VDT Kit Cabling Configurations
~
~
INTERCONNECT
AFFORDS
THE
CONNECTOR
IONS.
911
TERMINAL
SHIELDED
CABLE
ON
THE
REMOTE
CABLE
TERMINATION
PIGTAIL
COMPUTER
IS
WALL-MOUNTED
TO
PART
THE
CHASSIS.
IN
2-8
Digital
Systems Division
Page 27
~
945423-9701
~~------------------
7.
Connect plug P2 (9-pin socket)
unit.
8.
On the power supply/logic board in the display
circuit has two gain settings selected by switch
top
cover
of
the VDT for access
of
the data cable to jack
unit
or
to
the gain selector.
J2
on the rear
is
a video compensation circuit. This
jumper
plug configuration. Remove the
of
the display
9. Set the video compensation circuit to the
the terminal and the
the circuit to the S position.
The video compensation circuit should be set for optimum display
clarity regardless
2.6 CONNECTION
The VDT controller circuit board may be installed in either the main chassis
in
an
expansion chassis that
expansion chassis equipment must be installed and operating properly. Refer
System Hardware Reference Manual for computer installation instructions. Before installing the
VDT controller circuit board, reference table 2-2 to verify
the associated VDT(s).
2.6.1
board within either the
controller circuit board responds to. Therefore, before deciding upon a chassis location for the
new circuit board, determine the address that the system software expects it
to
chassis corresponding
corresponding
LOCATION
the configuration label on the
to
TO COMPUTER
OF
CONTROLLER CIRCUIT BOARD. The physical location
computer
to
the expected address. Refer to table 2-3 to determine the expansion chassis
the base address.
computer
of
cable length.
is
connected
or
top
is
305 metres (1000 feet)
NOTE
to
the expansion chassis determines the CRU address
of
the computer chassis to determine the location in the
L position
the computer.
that
if
the length
or
more; otherwise, configure
In
all cases the
the controller
of
the cables between
of
the
computer
computer
to
the Computer
on
hand supports
of
the circuit
that
to
recognize. Refer
or
and/or
the
2.6.2 INSTALLING THE CONTROLLER. Once the proper location for the VDT controller
circuit board has been determined, the controller may
chassis and connected
procedure:
I . Set the POWER switch on the front
position to remove ac power from the unit.
The VDT controller circuit board (figure 2-6) has two plastic
pivoted tabs (card ejectors) on the end
the outside edge
circuit board inserts into the connectors
to
the terminal cables. Perform the following steps to complete that
of
NOTE
of
the circuit board. The opposite edge
2-9
the
computer
be
installed
of
the board. This end
in
the computer chassis.
in
the computer
or
expansion chassis to the
or
expansion
OFF
is
of
the
Digital Systems Division
Page 28
N
I
-
=
I:)
~.
;:
-
~
CD
~
I:)
,=~NTROLLER
ASSEM.LY
"NI"41076
DASH
NO.
-I
-2
-3
-"
-5
-6
-7
-B
-9
-10
-II
f-
-'12
~.
(A)136316
(ij'
0-
::s
TIMER
ROMS
PN9"855"
~JHARACTER
ROW
CODER
ROM
DECODER
ROM
DASH
NO.
DASH
NO.
•
Ultl
.U52
-I
-2
-I
-2
-I
-"
-1
-"
-I
-2
-I
-2
-1
-6
-I
-6
-I
-8
-I
-8
-I
-6
I
-I
-6
-
Table 2-2. VDT Controller Standard Conl.gurations
ClU,""IC
RO'"
O"ION
NETWORK
LOCATIONS
LINE
SYNC
CDUNTER
LIME.
LINE
1
GRA"HICS
CWtSOR
DE
CODER
ROM
DEVICE
""172123-1
PN172123-2
OPTION
ADDRESS
DASH
NO.
TYPE
JUM"ER JUM"ER
.U"2
.U"I
PLUG
PO
•
PLUGS
-3
SN7"162N
NONE
"6,P8,P10
-3
SN7"162N
NONE
P8,PI0
-5
SNSI"163N
NONE
P5,P7,PII
-5
SN7"'63N
NONE
P7
,P
11
-3
SN7.fS2N
U9",U2"
U85,t.l23
YES
P6,P8,PI0
- ,
-3
SN7"162N
U9",
U85
YES
P.,PIO
-j-
SN7"162N
..
ONE
P6,PB,PI0
-7
SN7"162N
NONE
P8,Pl0
-9
SN7"163N
NONE
P5,"7,PI
I
-9
SN7"163N
NONE
P7,PII
-7
SN7"162N
U9",U2"
U85,U23
YES
P6,P8,Pl0
;
-7
SN7"162N
U9",
U85
YES
P8,PI0
'-
)
REQUIREMENT
FOR
REQUIRED
SINGLE
CONTROLLER
MEMORY
HARDWARE
JU"'NItS
NETWORKS
U22
"IN
10
TO
Ie
U
33
"IN 7 TO
I 6
U32
PIN"
TO
Ie
U30
"IN 9 TO
8
UII7
THRU
UI32
NONE
UI37
THRU
UI52
YES
UI37
THRU
UI52
EVEN
NUMBERED
NETWORKS
U I
18
NONE
THRU
UI321U138
THRU
UI52
EVEN
NUMBERED
YES
NETWORKS
U I
3B
THRU
152
U
117
THRU U 132
NONE
UI37
TH"'"
UI52
YES
UI37
THRU
UI52
NONE
U I
17
THRU
U I
32
U
137
THRU U 152
YES
UI37THRUUI52
EVEN
NUM8ERED
NETwORKS
U I I 8
NONE
THRU
UI32,UI38
THRUUI52
YES
EVEN
NUMBERED
NETWORKS U 138
THRU U 152
U I I 7
THRU
U I
32
NONE
UI38
THRU
UI52
YES
UI37
THRU
UI52
DESCRIPTION
D/S=DUAL/
SNG
F/H=I!UO/
Sl60
50/60
HZ
G=GRAPHICS
D,F.60
S,F,60
D,H,60
5tH,60
O,F.60.G
S,F,60,G
Of
F•5O
5
IF
,50
D,H.50
5tH,50
D,F,SO,G
S,F,SO.G
)
I
~
I.e
~
Ul
""
N
~
I
I,C
-..I
=
-
Page 29
-
~~------------------
~
945423-9701
2.
Insert the VDT controller circuit board into the chassis location corresponding
to
the de-
sired address. Ensure
that
the
component
side
of
the
circuit board
is
facing correctly and
that
the slots in the circuit board (inside edge) mate properly with the alignment
comb
on
the back panel connector.
Table 2-3. Addresses Assigned
to
CRU
Expansion
Chassis
Hexadecimal
Hexadecimal
CRU
Address
CPU Base Address
0200·037F
0400 -06FE
0400·057F
0800
- OAFE
0600 -077F
OCOO
- OEFE
0800·097F
1000 -
12FE
OAOO
- OB7F
1400·
16FE
oeoo
-OD7F
1800 -lAFE
OEOO
·OF7F
1COO -lEFE
135977
(911-477-39-1)
Figure 2-6. Typical Model 911
VDT
Controller
Board
2-11
Chassis
Number
2
3
4
5
6
7
Digital Systems Division
Page 30
~
945423-9701
~-------
Connect plug
3.
the VDT controller circuit board edge connector. Ensure
of
the computer. Engage the cable in one
If
the
feet)
4. Connect the connector
connector,
2.6.3 TERMINAL INTERRUPT.
tell the
computer system through the
keyboard interrupt,
interrupts through a ranked priority system.
2.6.4
the proper chassis location together with its required cabling and interrupt wiring, set the
POWER switch on the
2.7 TERMINAL
computer
COMPUTER POWER ON. After making
CHECKOUT
PI
(9-pin male connector)
terminal
of
the
PI,
that new
as
computer
is
installed in a local location (within 5 metres (16.4
controller), skip the remainder
(P2) on the controller interface cable
from the remote terminal site.
An
interrupt
well
input
as
information has been entered. This interrupt enters the
VOT controller circuit board. The
interrupts from
chassis to the ON position.
of
the interconnection cable (CRT CONTR)
that
the cable dresses
of
the cable clamps on the computer.
NOTE
of
this procedure.
to
the extension cable
is
a signal generated by the terminal keyboard
other
all
connections
computer
CRU peripheral devices, and internal
to
install the VOT con troller in
recognizes the
to
the rear
to
to
CAUTION
Perform
of
the video display unit.
I. Unscrew fuseholder F 1 on the rear panel
a I-ampere fuse
Reconnect fuse and fuseholder.
After
any software service routine in the computer, perform the following procedure to ensure
that
2.
Set
3. Examine Sync indicator (labeled S) on the rear
4. Check
connecting
the terminal
the
ON/OFF
lighted, skip step 4.
all
properly connected.
Because the software service routine
the computer, the display screen should be blank.
the following check only after unplugging the power cord
of
the display
(O.S-ampere on 200-, 220-, and 240-volt units) in good working order.
all
cables and applying power
is
properly installed:
switch
cables between the display unit and the
on
the right side
If
Sync indicator
of
is
still
NOTE
the display unit to the ON position.
to
of
not
lighted, call service personnel.
is
not
unit
and ensure
the computer,
the display unit.
computer
currently installed in
but
If
to ensure
that
before ins taIling
this indicator
that
it contains
is
they are
5. Depress the
press the
UPPER CASE LOCK key so
letter
A key on
the
keyboard.
2-12
that
it remains in the down position; then
Digital Systems Division
Page 31
~
945423-9701
~~------------------
6. Examine
indicators should be lighted in the following pattern:
Pattern: Off On
Indicator:
If
this
7.
Ensure
steps 5 and 6.
8. The
personnel; otherwise, continue with this procedure.
9. Adjust display
• Adjust the audio alarm volume control on the unit's right side to the midpoint
• Adjust the front
If
unable
to
procedure.
the
remaining indicators (KYBD DATA) on the back
Off Off
7
pattern
that
6
is
displayed, skip
5
the keyboard cable
If
the
pattern
still
4
to
step
8.
is
properly connected
is
not
displayed correctly, call service personnel.
Parity indicator (P) should be lighted.
to
provide the best possible image
Off
3
If
Off
this condition
by
2
to
using
of
the display unit. The
Off On
o
On
p
On
the display unit and repeat
is
not
met,
caB
service
the
following controls:
s
of
its range. This knob controls the volume
during operation to provide a louder
knob
on
right side
of
of
or
softer tone
unit
to
the
"beep"
control
tone and may be adjusted
to
suit
the
environment.
the brightness
of
display.
obtain a satisfactory image, call service personnel; otherwise, continue with this
2-13/2-14
Digital
Systems
Division
Page 32
Page 33
)2175\
______
_
~
945423-9701
SECTION III
PROGRAMMING
3.1 GENERAL
This section contains information about the terminal for use in designing a service routine
to
perform special functions required
by
specific applications
of
the terminal. The information
is
directed
to
personnel who are actively involved in programming the Model
990
Computer.
Therefore,
the
section's presentation assumes
that
the reader
is
familiar with the programming
information contained in
the
Model 990 Computer Assembly Language Programmer's Guide
concerning
both
the
computer
and the terminal.
3.2 TERMINAL
CONTROLLER INTERFACE
The interface between the
computer
and a VDT controller consists
of
32
addressable
input
bits
and
32
addressable
output
bits. Each controller contains logic for one
or
two
video display units.
Input
and/or
output
bits are addressed
by
software
as
follows:
• Software sets the CRU base address for the desired keyboard/display unit.
• Software writes a 1
or 0 to
CRU bit F 16 to select
the
desired
16
bits
onto
the
CRU
interface.
• Software initiates a read
or
write
to
or
from the desired CRU bit address.
Corresponding bits for
the
keyboard/display units have identical meanings. Software
is
responsi-
ble for
proper
selection.
3.2.1 INPUT INTERFACE. The addressable input data
to
the
computer
includes
the
display
memory read character, a character intensity bit, keyboard character data, cursor address, and
status and error signals. The input interface signals are illustrated in figures
3-1
and 3-2 and
defined in table 3-1.
3.2.2
OUTPUT INTERFACE. The addressable
output
data from the
computer
includes display
memory write data, test control bits, character intensity bit, write data strobe, cursor controls,
interrupt enables, a word select bit and a cursor address. Figures 3-4 and 3-5 illustrate and
table 3-3 defines the
output
interface.
3.3
SCREEN INITIALIZATION
Following a
computer
power-up sequence
or
execution
of
a reset instruction, the screen
is
blanked, and the cursor
is
homed. The following conditions exist:
•
Monitor screen blank
•
Cursor at row 0, column 0
•
Keyboard interrupts inhibited
•
Interrupts reset
•
Test mode reset
•
Cursor blanked and
not
blinking
•
Dual intensity feature disabled.
3-1
Digital Systems Division
Page 34
~
945423-9701
~~-------------------
COMPUTER
SELECTA-(CRU
MEMORY
PORT
FOR
VDT
WORD
SELECT
0)
CRT
CONTROLLER
CRU
•
•
•
BITS
o
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
A
B
C
D
E
F
DISPLAY
DISPLAY
HIGH
INTENSITY=O;
KEYBOARD
KEYBOARD
KEYBOARD
MEMORY
MEMORY
DATA
DATA
DATA
READ
READ
LOW
LSB
(MSB-l)
READY
DATA
LSB
DATA
MSB
INTENSITY~
1 *
SELECTA-(CRU
*
JAPANESE
ALPHANUMERIC
(A)
134317A
FOR
KATAKANA
MODE=O;
PORT
VDT
0)
MODELS
KATAKANA
SELECT
MODE=
CURSOR
0
2
3
4
•
5
6
7
8
•
9
A
CURSOR
B
KEYBOARD
TERM
C
•
D
PREVIOUS
E
KEYBOARD
F
KEYBOARD
1
ADDRESS
ADDRESS
INAL
DATA
READY
STATE
PARITY
DATA
LSB
MSB
MSB
(READY
FLAG
ERROR
READY
cO
IOFFLINE~I)
OR
SELF-TEST
Figure 3-1. Computer Input Bit Assignments for Terminal 0
3-2
Digital Systems Division
Page 35
~
945423-9701
~~------------------
COMPUTER
•
SELECTB-(CRU
MEMORY
FOR
•
PORT
VDT
WORD
SELECT
1)
•
CRT
CONTROLLER
CRU
•
•
•
II
12
13
14
15
16
17
I B
19
IA
IB
IC
10
I E
BITS
DISPLAY
DISPLAY
HIGH
KEYBOARD
KEYBOARD
KEYBOARD
MEMORY
MEMORY
INTENSITYc-O
DATA
DATA
DATA
READ
READ
;LOW
LSB
(Ivl
",d-l
READY
DATA
LSB
DATA
MSB
INTENSITY-
)
I'"
*
JAPANESE
ALPHANUMERIC
(A)13431
SELECTB-(CRU
KATAKANA
BA
PORT
FOR
VDT
MODEL
MODE=O;
SELECT
1)
KATAKANA
MODE=
CURSOR
11
12
13
14
•
15
16
17
I B
•
19
IA
CURSOR
1 B
KEYBOARD
TERMINAL
lC
•
10
PREVIOUS
KEYBOARD
IE
KEYBOARD
IF
1
ADDRESS
ADDRESS
DATA
READY
STATE
PARITY
DATA
LSB
MSB
MSB
(READY~O;OFFLINE=I)
FLAG
OR
SELF
TEST
ERROR
READY
Figure 3-2. Computer Input Bit Assignments for Terminal 1
3-3
Digital Systems Division
Page 36
~
945423-9701
~-------
Bit Number
7
17
,
16
16
Table 3-1. Model 911 VDT Controller Addressable
Select Word (bit F 16 or 1 F
Display Memory Read Data
by current cursor location. Following a power-up sequence, a write operation or
sor address change must occur before the read data
Dual Intensity
high level
of
active feature.
bits 7
16
and 17
Keyboard Data - least significant seven bits
VDT display unit keyboard.
ASCII character set (128 characters) and additional special function keys. The key-
board control bit
Keyboard Data Ready - logic 1 indicates a character has been input at the display
keyboard and
output
of
of
Keyboard Acknowledge. Keyboard Data Ready may be read independent
the word-select control bit.
Input
Bits
Description
NOTE
16)
must be set
to
0 for the following bit definitions.
-
VDT
memory data read from memory address defined
is
ready for access.
- selects the intensity level for the VDT display. Logic 0 selects the
intensity; logic 1 selects the low intensity level when dual mode
On
Japanese Model 911 's, all characters are displayed at high intensity;
are used to select Katakana (logic
16
An
8-bit character
is
in
word select 1, CRU bit B
is
available to be read by the CPU. This signal
1)
or alphanumeric (logic 0).
of
keyboard character received from the
is
16
required
.
to
accommodate the full
is
reset
to
logic 0 by an
is
cur-
an
NOTE
The VDT controller may generate two CRU interrupts - one for each display.
An interrupt
board interrupt and enable control associated with a display
Signal
occurs
as
a result
of
the keyboard ready signal
if
the key-
is
set
to
logic 1.
NOTE
Select Word (Bit F
16
or 1F
) must be set to 1 for the following bit defini-
16
tions.
Cursor Address - indicates the position
dicates the position
of
address bits used
of
the-next character to
is
determined
screen. Ten address bits are used with 960 character displays;
with 1920 character displays. An unused address bit
of
addresses for the 960 and 1920 character displays
the display memory address range exceeds the range
beyond the screen display address range
Keyboard Data Control Bit -
MSB
of
of
the cursor on the screen. The cursor in-
be
placed on the VDT screen. The number
by
the total number
is
program-accessible, but
keyboard character.
of
character positions on the
11
address bits are used
is
always read
is
shown in figure 3-3. Note that
of
the screen display. Memory
as
zero. The range
is
not
displayed.
3-4
Digital Systems Division
Page 37
Jd75\
~
______
945423-9701
_
Bit Number
Table 3-1. Model 911 VDT Controller Addressable
Description
Terminal Ready - normally indicates the status
indicates the terminal
turned
to
off
logic 1.
or disconnected. Also, when self-test mode
is
connected and available. A logic 1 indicates the terminal
Previous State Flag or Self-Test Signal - indicates the state
before the last transfer
indicates word 1
was
to
word
selected.
1.
Logic 0 indicates word 0
If
self-test mode
four test inputs.
The previous state
state prior
to
flag
permits interrupt-driven software
a keyboard interrupt. This permits the controller
and restore previous conditions.
When test mode
is
determined by two display memory write data bits: CRU output bits 0 and 1
word
O-VDT
is
selected, this bit has another function. In test mode the signal read
0 and CRU outputs 10 and
test mode are video, audio "beep", horizontal sync, and vertical sync. The signals and
in
their characteristics are summarized
table 3-2.
Input
Bits (Continued)
of
is
11
of
word
the associated terminal. A logic 0
is
selected, terminal ready
of
the word-select logic
was
selected, and logic 1
is
selected, this signal provides one
to
determine the controller
to
process the interrupt
O-VDT
1.
The signals read during
is
set
of
of
Keyboard Parity Error
on the previous keyboard data transmission. The error indication
signal, keyboard acknowledge. A logic 0 indicates the transmission had valid parity.
Keyboard Data Ready - Logic 1 indicates a character has been input at the display
keyboard and
output
The VDT controller may generate two CRU interrupts.
occurs
as
a result
respective keyboard interrupt enable control signal
o
50
- - - - - - - - - - - - -
730
2 _ -
__
-
- a logic 1 on this input indicates that a parity error occurred
is
available
of
keyboard acknowledge.
to
be read by the CPU. This signal
NOTE
An
interrupt signal
of
the keyboard data ready signal from VDT 0 or VDT 1
is
set to logic 1.
____
4F
9F
77F
o
50
- - - - - - - - - - - - - -
370
2 - - - - - - - - -
is
is
reset by the output
reset
to
logic 0 by an
if
the
4F
9F
3BF
I
2048
(A)134319
92G-CHARACTER
8-BIT
MEMORY
(0-7FF)16
1024
960-CHARACTER
8-BIT
Figure 3-3. Displayed Character Positions
3-5
MEMORY
(0-3FF)
16
Digital Systems Division
Page 38
~~------------------
~
945423-9701
Table 3-2. Built-In Test Input Signals
Input Signal
Video
Horizontal
Sync
Vertical Sync
Audio Alarm
Test Mode
Word
0
CRU Bit*
Oorto
o
o
*CRU bits 0 and 1, word 0, selects the test signal for VDT
O.
CRU bits 10 and 11, word
0,
selects the test signal for VDT 1.
3.4 KEYBOARD CODES
CRU Bit*
lor
11
o
o
Signal
Characteristics
NOTE: Program Initializes
Memory
O=AlI
memory locations con-
tain SPACE character (HEX
20)
I=AlI memory locations con-
tain
EM
character (HEX 19)
0=52·microsecond duration
pulse
1=12·microsecond duration
pulse
0=16.4-millisecond duration
pulse at
60
Hz
or 19.8·milli-
second pulse at 50 Hz
1 =192-microsecond duration
pulse
o ="BEEP"
off
1 ="BEEP" on; each pulse 0.3
second duration
Striking an alphanumeric
or
function key on the keyboard causes a character
to
be transmitted
to
the' VDT controller. The character
is
transmitted serially
as
an 8-bit byte. Seven bits are used for
data and an eighth bit for control. When the control bit
is
OFF (logic
0)
the seven data bits repre-
sent the I 28-character ASCII set. When the control bit
is
ON
(logic I), the data represents special
.characters such
as
cursor up
or
function key
Fl.
On the Japanese keyboard, the control bit selects
the Katakana character set shown in figure F-9, Appendix F.
The REPEAT key on the keyboard does not produce a character. Depressing this special key in
conjunction with any other key causes the character associated with that key to be generated at
a rate
of
10 ± 2 characters per second.
Table
3-5
shows the codes produced by the United States keyboard. Figures 3-6 through 3-9 depict
key position interpretations for various modes
of
operation. The modes
of
operation are controlled
by the SHIFT,
CONTROL, and UPPER CASE
LOCK
keys. The character positions and associated
codes used with the international keyboards are illustrated
in
the appendixes. The Japanese key-
board has mode-select switches for the alphanumeric
or
Katakana mode, and an indicator lamp in
the switch lights shows when the Katakana mode
is
selected.
3-6
Digital Systems Division
Page 39
~~------------------
~
945423-9701
COMPUTER
MEMORY
WORD
SELECTA-(CRU
PORT.
SELECT
FOR
VDT
0)
SELECTA-(CRU
PORT
SELECT
FOR
VDT
0)
*
JAPANESE
KATAKANA
MODEL
ALPHANUMERIC~O
;KATAKANA
MODE~
I
IA)
134321
A
CRT
CONTROLLER
CRU
BITS
•
•
•
DISPLAY
MEMORY
WRITE
DATA
O/TEST
MODE
SEL.ECT
0
!
1/
2/
2 2
3
4
3/TE5T
MODE
SEL.ECT
3
4
5 5
6
DISPLAY
MEMORY
WRITE
DATA
6
7
8
HIGH
INTENSITY=O;
L.OW
INTENSITY~
1 *
WRITE
DATA
STROBE
9
TEST
MODE
A
CURSOR
MOVE
(O=lNCREMENT; 1 =DECREMENT)
B
BLINKING
CURSOR
ENABL.E
C
KEYBOARD
INTERRUPT
ENABLE
o
DUAL
INTENSITY
(HI/L.O
INTENSITY)
ENABL.E
E
DISPLAY
ENABLE
F
SELECT
WORD
O~O:
SELECT
WORD 1 =1
o
CURSOR
ADDRESS
L.SB
2
3
• 4
•
•
5
6
7
8
9
A
CURSOR
ADDRESS
MSB
B
NOT
USED
C
DISPLAY
CURSOR
o
KEYBOARD
ACKNOWL.EDGE
STROBE
E
BEEP
ENABL.E
STROBE
F
SELECT
WORD
O~O;
SELECT
WORD
1 ~ 1
Figure 3-4. Computer Output Bit Assignments for Terminal 0
3-7
Digital Systems Division
Page 40
~-------
~
945423-9701
COMPUTER
MEMORY
WORD
• •
SELECTB-(CRU
PORT
SELECT
FOR
VDT
1)
•
CRT
CONTROLLER
CRU
BITS
''-------'"''10
11
DISPLAY
MEMORY
WRITE
DATA
O/TEST
MODE
SELECT
0
•
•
1/
!
2
2/
12
13
14
3/TEST
MODE
SELECT
3
4
15
5
16
DISPLAY
MEMORY
WRITE
DATA
6
17
H;GH
INTENSITY=O
;LOW
INTENSITY=I*
18
WRITE
DATA
STROBE
19
TEST
MODE
1 A
CURSOR
MOVE
(OF
INCREM
ENT; 1 cDECREM
ENT)
1 B
BLINKING
CURSOR
ENABLE
• 1 C
KEYBOARD
INTERRUPT
ENABLE
10
DUAL
INTENSITY
(HI/LO
INTENSITY;
ENABLE
1 E
DISPLAY
ENABLE
I'---------------------+--~
1 F
SELECT
WORD 0 =0;
SELECT
WORD
1·,1
SELECTB-(CRU
PORT
SELECT
FOR
VDT
1)
L----t~
10
CURSOR
ADDRESS
LSB
•
•
11
12
13
14
IS
16
17
18
19
1 A
CURSOR
ADDRESS
MSB
1 B
NOT
USED
• 1 C
DISPLAY
CURSOR
10
KEYBOARD
ACKNOWLEDGE
STROBE
1 E
BEEP
ENABLE
STROBE
'--------------------------+ilF
SELECT
WORD
0=0;
SELECT
WORD
1=1
*
JAPANESE
KATAKANA
MODEL
ALPHANUMERIC
MODE=O;
KATAKANA
MODE=1
(A)
134320A
Figure 3-5. Computer Output Bit Assignments for Terminal 1
3-8
Digital
Systems
Division
Page 41
Jd75\
~
______
945423-9701
_
Bit Number
Table 3-3. Model 911 VDT Controller Addressable
The following descriptions
been set to logic
O.
Display Memory Write Data ~ represent an ASCII character that
the screen refresh memory. The destination
tents
of
the cursor address register. Bit 0
most significant bit
are written into the cursor address when the write data strobe
The least significant four bits
CRU bits 10-13 for VDT 1) have special Significance when self-test mode
Bits
0 and 1 (or bits 10 and 11) select one to four test inputs. The selected input
read
as
the CRU input signal previous state flag or self-test signal. Table 3-2 shows the
characteristics
to the keyboard test transmitter. The transmitter
cuit to simulate keyboard data. Table
character generated by the transmitter.
Output
Description
NOTE
of
the CRU bit functions assume that word select has
of
the character
is
the least significant bit, and bit 6
of
the character. The 7-bit character and the high/low intensity bit
of
memory write data (CRU bits
of
the test inputs. Bits 2 and 3 (or bits
34
relates the state
output
Bits
12
and 13) program the input
feeds the keyboard input cir-
is
to
be
written into
is
determined by the con-
is
output.
0-3
for VDT 0 and
is
activated.
of
the control bits to the
is
the
is
7
17
,
16
16
Dual Intensity
selects high intensity display; logic 1 selects low intensity display when the dual
intensity feature
numeric or the Katakana mode. A logic 0 selects alphanumeric; a logic 1 selects Katakana.
All
Write Data Strobe
the dual intensity bit
cursor address register.
Test Mode
normal operation mode. Activating test mode does the following:
• Turns on the test mode indicator
• Tests the keyboard receiver with a serial test pattern
• Selects one
test input line.
Keyboard data test patterns are selected by decoding write data bits 2 and 3 (or
and 13). Table
table 3-2, write data bits
~
selects the high or low intensity level for VDT display. Logic 0
is
active.
characters are displayed at high intensity.
~
~
logic 1 selects test mode. A logic 0
of
34
correlates keyboard data test patterns with select bits.
On
the Japanese model, this bit selects either the alpha-
causes the contents
to
be written into memory at the location specified
four key controller signals for input on the previous state/self-
0 and 1 (or 10 and 11) select one
of
the display memory write data register and
output
returns the control unit
As
shown in
of
the
follOWing
by
the
to
the
12
signals:
Video
•
Horizontal sync
•
Vertical sync
•
Audio alarm.
•
3-9
Digital Systems Division
Page 42
~
945423-9701
~~------------------
Bit Number
Table 3-3. Model 911
Cursor
with a single-bit transfer instruction. A logic 0 output causes the cursor address to in-
crement. A logic 1 output decrements the cursor address.
Do
not
send write data strobe and cursor move within a single LDCR operation.
The issue
fore the cursor address changes.
The cursor address register range
display and
Note that locations
to
7FF
may be accessed by software. Software must detect when an increment or
decrement
displayed region.
of
separate commands assures completion
0
and 77F 16 for a 1920-character display.
16
16 on the 1920-character display are not displayable. These locations
of
the cursor address register will move the cursor into the non-
Blinking
played, a logic 1 on this bit causes the cursor
ables the blinking cursor. Blinking results from alternately displaying the cursor position character in normal and reverse video.
VDT
Controller Addressable Output Bits (Continued)
Description
Move
- permits the cursor address register
NOTE
of
is
between 0
3C0
to 3FF 16 on the 960-character display and 780
16
Cursor Enable - controls the blinking
and 3BF 16 for a 960-character
16
to
be
incremented or decremented
the write operation be-
of
the cursor.
to
blink at a 2-hertz rate. A logic 0
If
16
the cursor
is
disdis-
Keyboard Interrupt Enable - controls whether a keyboard data ready signal generates
a
CRU interrupt. Logic 1 enables an interrupt, while logic 0 masks the data ready in-
terrupt. Only the selected VDT keyboard logic is affected.
Dual Intensity Enable - controls dual intensity on the VDT screen. Logic 0 selects
high intensity for the entire screen. Logic 1 selects high intensity for
refresh memory with bit 7 not set, and low intensity for
On
the Japanese model, dual intensity
Display Enable - logic 1 enables data
blanks the screen. A master reset automatically sets display enable to logic
Select Word - The function
operation (input or output) and the select word signal level. Figures
34
and
3-5
show the two functions assigned
input and 32 output lines on the CRU interface associated with each VDT are grouped
into 16-bit words. The first set
and the second set
The following descriptions
been set to logic 1.
all
is
disabled by this bit being set
to
be displayed on the VDT screen. A logic 0
of
any CRU interface line
to
of
inputs or outputs
of
interface signals
NOTE
of
the CRU bit functions assume that word select has
is
selected when select word = 1.
is
determined by the type
each input and output bit. The 32
is
selected when select word = 0,
all
words in
words with bit 7 set.
to
a logic
O.
O.
of
3-1
and
3-2
and
3-10
Digital
Systems Division
Page 43
~~-------------------
~
945423-9701
Bit Number
Table 3-3. Model 911 YDT Controller Addressable
Output
Bits (Continued)
Description
Cursor Address - provides the cursor address for the display memory. Bit 0 or 10
is
the least significant bit position while Bit AI6 or
lAI6
is
the most significant bit
position. Bits BI6 and 1 BI6 are reserved for address expansion. When the cursor address
is
altered, data
in
the new address
is
read by the controller into the read data
register. Cursor address changes are detected when CRU
bit
AI6 (or
lA16)
is
written.
Consequently, this bit must
be
output regardless
of
the number
of
address bits trans-
ferred. Note that the most significant cursor bit
is
bit 9 for 960-character displays.
Bit A16, always zero, must still be output.
Only cursor addresses between 0 and 3BF
16
are displayed on the 960-character
screen. Cursor addresses between 0 and 77F
16
are displayed on the 1920-character
screen. The nondisplayed locations may
be
used by the programmer or in the program.
If
the cursor address points to a nondisplayed location, the cursor will disappear from
the screen.
Not used.
Display Cursor - controls the indication
of
a cursor on the screen. Turning the cursor
off
permits it to be moved on the screen without causing annoying flashes from
momentary cursor positions. A logic 1 enables a cursor indication, while a logic 0
blanks the cursor. An I/O reset instruction or a power-up reset sets display cursor
to
logic
O.
Keyboard Acknowledge - resets the keyboard data ready flag, keyboard interrupt
(if
enabled), and the keyboard parity error flag. This output causes a strobe when
ad-
dressed and
is
independent
of
the data value output. Data may be logic 0 or
1.
An
I/O reset instruction on power-up reset condition effectively forces a keyboard
ac-
knowledge strobe.
Beep Enable Strobe - causes an audible
"beep"
at the VDT. Addressing this bit with
a logic
0 or 1 data bit results
in
the generation
of
a O.3-second tone at 2000 Hertz.
Select Word - The
functIon
of
any CRU interface bit
is
determined by the type
of
operation (input or output) and the select word state (logic 0 or 1). Figures
3-1
and
3-2 and
34
and
3-5
show the two functions assigned
to
each input and output bit.
The 32 input and 32 output bits on the CRU interface associated with each video
display terminal are grouped into 16-bit words. The first set
of
inputs or outputs
is
selected
by
setting select word =
O.
The second set
of
inputs or outputs
is
selected
by
setting select word =
1.
3-11
Digital Systems Division
Page 44
J175\
______
_
~
945423-9701
Table
34.
Built-In Test Keyboard Simulation Data
Transmitter
Control
Keyboard Data
CRU*
CRU*
CRU Bits
Data in Memory
Select 2
Select 3
8-F
MSB-LSB
0
0
00000000
0000
0000
0
1
1100 1lO0
0011 0011
0
0011 0011
1100
1lO0
1111 1111
1111
1111
*CRU Select 2 and 3 represent CRU bits 2 and 3 for vor 0 or CRU bits 12 and
13
for vor
1.
3.5 CURSOR
The cursor position appears
on
the screen
as
an illuminated character space with the
symbol
in
that
location constructed with dark dots. The presence
of
dark symbols in an intensified field
is
referred
to
as
reverse video. Three conditions cause the cursor
to
disappear from the screen. First,
the cursor may be removed by the interface signal Disable Video. Also, the cursor will be displayed
only when
the
cursor address register
is
set to a value within the range
of
the displayed characters
(i.e.,
000-77F 16 for 1920-character display and 000-3BF 16 for 960-character display). The cursor
may also be disabled by setting Display Cursor to logic
O.
The cursor indicates the position
on
the screen where the next entered character will be
displayed. The cursor
mayor
may
not
be visible depending
upon
CRU
output
bit C
16
or
lC
16
(Display Cursor). The cursor does
not
erase data
as
it moves across the screen.
It
also does
not
move automatically following entry
of
a new character.
Normal movement
of
the
cursor on
the
display
is
continuous from line
to
line and wraps around
from
bottom
to
top
of
the screen,
For
example,
if
the cursor
is
in column 79 (rightmost
column) and a right cursor movement
is
specified, the cursor moves to column 0
of
the next
line.
Similarly,
if
the cursor
is
on
line
11
or
23
(bottom
line) and a down cursor movement
is
specified, software detects the instruction and moves the cursor
to
the
same column position
of
line 0
(top
of
display).
The cursor may also be moved by software by Increment and Decrement commands
or
by
specifying an address (location) and issuing a Cursor
Move
instruction.
3.6 SAMPLE ROUTINES
The following paragraphs contain coding examples
of
routines that perform some
of
the
functions required
to
interface
the
computer
with the display unit and keyboard. These routines
may
not
meet
unique requirements
of
specific display systems, and therefore, should be used
only
as
a guide when designing custom service routines for
your
system. These routines assume
that
the CRU base address for the VDT controller
is
80
16
,
3-12
Digital
Systems D!vision
Page 45
W
I
.....
W
o
cO'
:=;:
III
-
en
~
-
(I)
3
en
o
~'
iii'
0'
:J
)
~
0
6 b
5 b
b3bZblDO
4
o
0 0 0
000
1
001
0
o 0 I I
o I 0 0
o I 0 I
o I I 0
o 1 1 1
1
000
I 0 0 I
101
0
101
1
I 1 0 0
1 1 0 I
I
1 1 0
I I
1 I
)
Table 3-5, United States Keyboard Codes
0 0 0
0 0
0
0
I I
1
0
0 0
0
I
I I
1
0
0
0
0 0
' 1
1
0
0
1 I
0 0
1
0 I 0 I
0 I 0
1 0 I
0
NUL
OLE
SP
0
@
P
\
P
ERASE
HERE
IS
ENTER
FIELD
!
ERASE
BREAK
XFI
SOH
DCI
1 A Q
a
q
INPUT
STX
DC2
"
2
B R
b
r
HOME
FI
ETX
DC3
#
3 C S
C
s
TAB
F2
EOT
DC4
$
4 0
T d
t
DELETE
F3
CHAR
ENQ
NAK
%
5
E U
e
u
SKIP
F4
ACK
SYN
&
6
F V
f
v
INSERT
F5
CHAR
BEL
ETB
I
7 G
W 9
w
FIELD
F6
-
BS
CAN
(
a
H
x
h
x
-
F7
HT
EM
)
9 I Y i y
,
Fa
LF
SUB
*
:
J
z
j
z
-
PRINT
VT
ESC
+
;
K
[
k
{
,
CMD
I
-
(1)
FF
FS
.
<
L
\
I
I
FIELD
CR
GS
-
=
M ]
m
}
XF;'!
(I)
SO
RS
>
N
r-'
n
,...,
XF3
(I
)
51
US
/
?
0
0
DEL
XF4
(1
)
(1)
-
NOTES:
(I)
REFER
TO
FIGURE
3-8
FOR
THE
KEY
POSITION
REQUIRED
TO
GENERATE
THIS
CHARACTER
CODE.
)
(1)
~
\C
~
Ul
~
N
W
I
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o
.....
Page 46
~~------------------
~
945423-9701
ERASE
ERASE
FIELD
INPUT
60
"
~'i.tNT
•
REPEAT
3S
~
HOME
,.-.
31
"
'"'
•
0"_
CHAR
CHAR
66
6B
B'
20
B
134322
Figure 3-6. Keyboard Showing Lowercase Mode Character Positions and Hexadecimal Codes
ERASE
ERASE
FltLQ
INPUT
BO
B1
•
PRINT
9A
~
HOME
B2
,"S
•
CHAR
66
6B
(6
134323
ERASE
ERASE
FIELD
INPUT
60
B1
t
B9
,;t-
HOME
62
'NO
•
CHAR
66
6B
'B
1:>4324
...
DEL
CHAR
64
SPACE
20
36
34 35
32
Figure 3-7. Keyboard Showing Uppercase Mode Character Positions and Hexadecimal Codes
REPEA
...
DEL
CHAR
64
SPACE
20
Figure 3-8. Keyboard Showing Control Character Positions and Hexadecimal Codes
39
3-14
Digital Systems Division
Page 47
---
~~-------------------
~
945423-9701
ERASE
ERASE
FIELD
INPUT
80
8'
,.
9A
4--
HOME
-
88
82
8A
'N5
•
DEL
CHAR
CHAR
86
88
8'
(8)
134325
SPACE
20
0
30
B
'8
,5
,6
"
.
2E
Figure 3-9. Keyboard Showing Shift Mode Character Positions and Hexadecimal Codes
3.6.1 POLLING ROUTINE. Because it
is
possible for more
than
one keyboard/display
to
share
an interrupt level, it
is
necessary
to
poll a multiple-terminal system
to
determine which terminal
has interrupted the
CPU. The following code performs such a polling function.
R12
EQU
12 Workspace register 12
KBASE
DATA >80,>AO,>CO, ...
Keyboard character base
NBASES EQU $-KBASE
KBDRDY EQU
>F
Keyboard Data Ready
POLL
L1
Rl,NBASES
POLLUP
MOV
@KBASE-2(1),RI2
Transfer keyboard character base to
workspace register 12.
TB
KBDRDY
Poll for interrupt.
JEQ
CHRPRS Proceed
to
character reading sequence.
DECT
Rl
JNE POLLUP
RT
3.6.2 READ KEYBOARD. When
the
operator presses a key on the keyboard and the computer
detects
the
resulting data,
the
I/O service routine for the terminal takes control. The I/O service
routine first examines the keyboard code representing
the
character, and then branches to
the
program code
that
performs
the
desired function. Typically, the examination process necessary
to
determine the function
of
a keyboard code consists
of
executing a series
of
compare
instructions and branch instructions
or
using a jump table. The following program code
is
an
example
of
the procedure necessary to read a keyboard character and to prepare it for
examination.
The following code reads keyboard data in either interrupt-driven
or
noninterrupt-driven modes.
For
interrupt-driven operation,
the
polling code shown in
the
previous paragraph must be used
prior to this code.
3-15
Digital Systems Division
Page 48
~
945423-9701
R2
EQU
2
Workspace register 2
R9
EQU
9
Workspace register 9
R12
EQU 12
Workspace register 12
WRDSEL
EQU
>F
Select word (0=0; 1 = 1).
PRESEL
EQU
>D
Previous select word status
PARERR
EQU
>E
Keyboard parity error
KBACK
EQU
>D
Keyboard acknowledge
MSBDATA
EQU
>B
MSB
of
keyboard data
CHRPRS
SBO
WRDSEL
Select
word 1.
AI
R12,
>10
Enables reading
of
only one byte
CLR
R9
Clear workspace register 9.
TB
PRESEL·8
Check
previous select word state.
JNE
SKIPI
If
last state was 0
SETO
R9
Set last state
flag
to 1.
SKIPI
SBZ
WRDSEL·8
Select
word
O.
STCR
R2,7
Read bits 1·7
of
character.
SBO
WRDSEL·8
Select
word
1.
TB
MSBDATA·8
Examine most significant bit.
JNE
NOMSB
IfMSB = 0
ORI
R2,>8000
Set
MSB
in data byte to
1.
NOMSB
TB
PARERR·8
Check
for parity error.
JNE
NPERR
If
no error
Parity error routine
NPERR
SBO
KBACK·8
Acknowledge character.
MOVB
R9,R9
Check
to
see
if
in word
1.
JNE
SKIP
If
not in word 1
SBZ
WRDSEL·8
Reset to proper state before interrupt.
SKIP
3.6.3 ECHO CHARACTER TO SCREEN. After the character has been read from the keyboard,
the program must examine the data to detennine its function.
If
the character
is
to
be echoed
to
the display screen, the following code could be used.
R2 EQU 2 Workspace register 2
R12
EQU
12
Workspace register
12
KBASE DATA
>80
Keyboard character base
WRDSEL EQU
>F
Select word (0 =
0;
1=1).
DT
ASTB EQU
>8
Data strobe
*
MOST
SIGNIFICANT BYTE OF R2 CONTAINS CHARACTER TO
BE
ECHOED.
MOV
@KBASE,
R12 Transfer keyboard character base
SBZ
LDCR
SBZ
WRDSEL
R2,8
DTASTB
3-16
to workspace register 12.
Select word
O.
Prepare character for echo.
Strobe character to screen.
Digital Systems Division
~,
Page 49
Jdl.5\
______
_
~
945423-9701
3.6.4 READ CHARACTER
FROM SCREEN. When data has been assembled on
the
display
screen, the
computer
may read
that
data and store
it
in memory for use by
other
peripheral
devices
or
for future recall. The following program code may be used
to
transfer the character
from
the
screen
to
the
computer:
R2
EQU
2
Workspace register 2
R12
EQU
12
Workspace register 12
KBASE
DATA
>80
Keyboard character base
WRDSEL
EQU
>F
Select word (0=0; 1=1).
MOY
@KBASE, R12
Transfer keyboard character base
to
workspace register 12.
SBZ
WRDSEL
Select word
O.
STCR
R2,8
Read character.
3.6.5 READ CURSOR POSITION. The program may need to determine and save
the
exact
position
of
the
cursor before it jumps
to
another
part
of
the
display screen
to
read
or
write new
data. The following code allows the program
to
store the present cursor position
so
that
it may
later restore
the
cursor to
that
position:
R2
EQU
2
Workspace register 2
R12
EQU
12
Workspace register 12
KBASE
DATA
>80
Keyboard character base
WRDSEL
EQU
>F
Select word (0=0; 1=1).
MOY
@KBASE, R12
Transfer keyboard character base
to
workspace register 12.
SBO
WRDSEL
Select word 1.
STCR
R2,11
Read cursor position.
3.6.6 RESTORE CURSOR POSITION. The following code may be used
to
return the cursor
to
a position on
the
screen
that
has been previously stored in workspace register
2.
R2
EQU
2
Workspace register 2
R12
EQU
12
Workspace register 12
KBASE
DATA
>80
Keyboard character base
WRDSEL
EQU
>F
Select word (0=0; 1=1).
MOY
@KBASE, R12
Transfer keyboard character base
to
workspace register 12.
SBO
WRDSEL Select word 1.
LDCR
R2,11
Write cursor address.
3.6.7 MOVE CURSOR. The following code sequences move the cursor right
or
left, respec-
tively, in one-position increments.
WRDSEL EQU
>F
Select word (0=0; 1 = 1).
CURSOR
EQU
>A
Move cursor.
*MOYE
CURSOR RIGHT ONE POSITION
SBZ
WRDSEL
Select word
O.
SBZ CURSOR
Move cursor.
*MOYE
CURSOR LEFT ONE POSITION
SBZ
WRDSEL
Select word
O.
SBO CURSOR
Move cursor.
3-17
Digital Systems Division
Page 50
~~------------------
~
945423-9701
3.6.8 CLEAR SCREEN. The following code sequence clears
the
screen
by
filling it with blanks.
Rl
R2
R12
KBASE
WRDSEL
SCRSIZ
VIDENB
DTASTB
CURSOZ
CLEAR
CLR002
EQU
EQU
EQU
DATA
EQU
EQU
EQU
EQU
EQU
EQU
MOV
SBO
LI
LDCR
LI
SBZ
SBZ
LDCR
SBO
SBZ
DEC
JNE
SBO
1
2
12
>80
>F
1920
>E
>8
>A
$
@KBASE,RI2
WRDSEL
Rl,
>2000
Rl,
11
R2, SCRSIZ
WRDSEL
VIDENB
RI,8
DTASTB
CURSOR
R2
CLROO2
VIDENB
3-18
Workspace register 1
Workspace register 2
Workspace register 12
Keyboard character base
Select word (0=0; 1=1).
Screen size = 1920 characters.
Display enable.
Data strobe
Move cursor.
Transfer keyboard character base
to
workspace register 12.
Select word 1.
Home cursor.
Load screen size into R2.
Select word
O.
Disable video.
Strobe data
to
CRT.
Increment cursor address.
Decrement screen size.
Loop.
Enable video.
Digital Systems Division
Page 51
~~------------------
~
945423-9701
3.6.9
ROLL UP SCREEN. The following code sequence moves the data displayed on
the
screen
upward one line, shifting
the
top
line into nondisplayable memory, and fills the
bottom
line with
specified data.
RO
Rl
R2
CURSOR
DTASTB
WRDSEL
MAXLYN
BUFF
LSTCHR
LNCNT
WRTCHR
EQU
EQU
EQU
EQU
EQU
EQU
EQU
BSS
DATA
SBO
LDCR
SBZ
LI
LI
LI
LDCR
STCR
SBO
SBO
DEC
DEC
JNE
DEC
JNE
0
1
2
>A
>8
>F
24
80
1920·1
WRDSEL
@LSTCHR,
11
WRDSEL
RO,MAXLYN
Rl,80
R2, BUFF + 79
*R2,8
*R2,8
DTASTB
CURSOR
R2
Rl
WRTCHR
RO
LNCNT
3-19/3-20
Workspace register 0
Workspace register 1
Workspace register 2
Move
cursor.
Data strobe
Select word
(0=0; 1=1).
Screen size = 24 lines.
Buffer filled with new
bottom
line
Last character position for
1920·
character display.
Select word
1.
Set cursor address to last character
position.
Select word
0.
24 lines will be rolled.
80
characters will
be
replaced.
Address
of
last character in buffer
Write last buffer character to screen.
Read last visible screen character.
Strobe last buffer character to screen.
Move
cursor left one position.
Decrement buffer address.
Decrement column count.
Repeat
80
times.
Decrement line count.
Move each line up one position.
Digital Systems Division
Page 52
Page 53
~~------------------
~
945423-9701
SECTION IV
OPERATION
4.1
GENERAL
This
section
provides
detailed
information
about
the
controls
and
indicators
available
to
the
ter-
minal
operator.
The
section
also
contains
preventive
maintenance
procedures
to
be
followed
by
the
terminal
operator.
NOTE
The
Model 911
Video
Display
Terminal
cannot
be
operated
unless
properly
connected
to
a Model
990
family
computer
with
the
applicable
software
loaded.
The
function
of
each
key
on
the
keyboard
depends
on
the
controlling
input/output
program
resident
in
the
computer.
Therefore,
before
using
the
Model 911
Video
Display
TerminaL
t1h~
operator
must
know
the
programmed
function
of
each
key
on
the
keyboard
to
ensure
that
the
data
entered
into
the
system
is
correctly
interpreted
by
the
software.
In
addition
to
the
keyboard
controls,
controls
and
indicators
appear
on
the
display
unit
to
optimize
the
video
and
audio
presentation.
An
indicator
also
appears
on
the
VDT
controller
board
for
maintenance
purposes.
4.2 KEYBOARD
The
standard
keyboard
consists
of
88
keys
grouped
as
shown
in figure 4-1.
The
key
codes
C;1l1 he
interpreted
by
software
to
perform
various
functions.
The
standard
keyboard
layout
illustrated
It1
the
figure is
organized
into
five
types
of
keys:
•
Data
entry
keys
•
Cursor
control
and
edit
keys
•
Numeric
keys
•
Mode
keys
•
Repeat
key.
The
keyboard
data
keys
produce
an
eight-bit
code
(sec
table
3-5
for
United
States
keyhoard
code..;.
and
appendixes
for
international
keyboard
codes).
The
mode
keys
detennine
which
eight-bit
co(k
will be
produced
hy
each
data
key.
The
United
States
and
European
versions have
three
mode
keys
(SHIFT.
CONTROL,
and
UPPER
CASE
LOCK)
to
select
one
of
four
codes
for
each
dau
k:'y.
The
Japanese
Katak:ll1a
keyboard
has five
mode
keys
to
select
one
of
six
codes
for
variou'.
Jata
keys.
The
mode
keys
alone
do
not
cause an
eight-bit
code
to
be
produced
hy
thl'
keybuard.
(Refn
t(l
tables
4-]
and
4-:2
for
keyboard
mode
selection.)
4-1
Digital
Systems
DIVISion
Page 54
~
J2r7s\
___
945423-9701
----
Table 4-1. United States and European Keyboard Mode Selection
SHIFT
Up
Up
Don't
Care
SHIFT
Up
Up
Don't
Down
CONTROL
Up
Up
Down
Care
Mode-Select Key Positions
CONTROL
Up
Up
Down
Up
UPPER CASE LOCK
Up
Down
Don't
Care
Don't Care
Table 4-2. Japanese Katakana Keyboard Mode Selection
Mode-Select Key
UPPER CASE LOCK
Up
Down
Don't
Care
Positions
Alphanumeric
Down
Down
Don't Care
Katakana
Up
Up
Don't
Lowercase
Uppercase
Control
Shift
Care
Keyboard
Mode
Keyboard
Mode
Lowercase Alpha
Uppercase Alpha
-
Control
Down
Up
Down
ERASE
FIEL.D
PRINT
INS
CHAR
CURSOR
AND
ERASE
INPUT
•
•
CONTROL
EDIT
DEL
CHAR
Shifted Alpha
Unshifted KANA
Shifted KANA
7 B
4 5
1
2
0
FB
Up
Down
Down
CMD
SPEC
F5
SPACE
IAL
Down
Up
Up
CONTROL
F6
F7
Don't
Don't
Don't
F2
Care
Care
Care
F3
F4
Up
Up
Up
Fl
~------------------------vr-------------------------
Figure 4-1. United States Model 911 Keyboard
9
€
3
.
4-2
Digital
Systems Division
Page 55
~
945423-9701
~~--------------------
CONTROL
PANEL
(A)
134327
BRIGHTNESS
Figure 4-2. Display Unit Control Panel
0000000000
DATA
INDICATORS
(A)134328
00
Figure 4-3. Data Indicator Locations
4-3
Digital Systems Division
Page 56
~
Jd75\
______
945423-9701
_
Keyboard
(Refer
related
feature permits
erate
4.3
The display unit has controls and indicators
and rear
controls
4.3.1
comprise
ON/OFF
The
interpretations
to
the appendixes for
input/output
the
operator
the
accompanying character
(I/O)
for
the
four United States modes are shown in figures 3-6 through 3-9.
the
European and Japanese
software examines the code
to
hold down the REPEAT key and
(or
function) at a rate
DISPLAY UNIT CONTROLS AND INDICATORS
in
two positions
of
the
cabinet. The following paragraphs describe
and
indicators.
CONTROL
the
PANEL.
control
switch
Three
controls
panel. Figure 4-2 shows
is
a rocker switch
that
mounted
the
on the right side
controls.
controls ac power
of
The brightness and volume controls are rotary controls
brightness
4.3.2
the
center
a closer view
When lighted,
from
properly installed,
computer
of
characters
DATA INDICATORS. A row
of
the
of
the
the
the
VDT controller. This indicator should always be lighted
on
the display and the loudness
of
10 light-emitting diode (LED) indicators are located in
rear panel
of
the
display unit housing
indicators.
rightmost indicator (S) indicates
computer
and VDT power
is
that
on, and the VDT controller
chassis and working properly.
of
as
keyboard
to
determine
10
± 2 characters per second.
to
that
the
audio alarm, respectively.
mode interpretations.)
the
function. The repeat
then
press any
on
the display housing:
the
functions
of
the VDT
the
terminal.
allow the
of
operator
other
key
each
monitor
to vary
The
to
gen-
the
side
of
these
housing
the
shown in figure 4-3. Figure 4-4 depicts
the
video sync pulse
if
computer
is
being received
interface cables are
is
inserted
into
the
the
When lighted
the
with
last character bits was correct. This indicator should always be on
connected properly,
parity indicator (P) indicates
power
is
on,
and
the
con troller.
The remaining indicators display the code
to
indicators light
sample display for
the left; therefore,
TRANSMITTED
(A)134329
display a one bit, and remain dark to display a zero bit. Figure 4-4 illustrates a
the
DATA
character
the
indicators must be read from left
"A".
CODE
~
____________
MOST
~
SIGNIFICANT
DIGIT
PATTERN
__
The most significant bit (MSB)
0100
0001
BIT
0001
--,I\Ioo-
____
0 • 0 0 0 0 0 e e e
7
MSB
6 5
•
LIGHTED
that
the parity bit sent
display unit
of
the character last entered
2
-JA~
"""I
4
INDICATOR
is
transmitting data properly
to
41
____________
LEAST
,~
____
3
CAPITAL
16
SIGNIFICANT
DIGIT
PATTERN
--.JI\~
2
right.
BIT
___
(ON)
100
A
~
a
LSB
"""I
of
to
the VDT controller
if
the system
to
on
the keyboard. The
the
character code
P
S
is
the VDT
is
on
Figure 4-4. Data Indicators Sample Pattern
4-4
Digital
Systems Division
Page 57
~
)2175\
______
945423-9701
_
~
4.3.3 VDT CONTROLLER INDICATOR. The
computer
section
multicontroller system
4.4
The
soft, clean, lint-free,
dampened
performs
of
the controller for self-test mode. The indicator may be lighted
OPERATOR PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
operator
should wipe the screen and cabinetry
(not
an
SBa instruction
to
identify an inoperative controller.
noncotton
wet) with water
to
VDT controller bit 9
cloth. The screen and cabinetry should be wiped with a cloth
as
necessary
to
remove smudges, etc.
LED
on the VDT controller lights whenever
or
19
to
select either display
as
of
the keyboard and display unit daily with a
the
a flag in a
4-5/4-6
Digital Systems Division
Page 58
Page 59
~
945423-9701
~-------
UNITED KINGDOM
HEXADECIMAL
CODES, MODE CHARACTER POSITIONS, ASCII, AND
APPENDIX A
MODEL 911 VDT KEYBOARD ARRANGEMENT,
SPECIAL CHARACTER SET
Digital Systems Division
Page 60
Page 61
~
945423-9701
~~------------------
APPENDIX A
UNITED
HEXADECIMAL
The
standard
are
shown
Figures A-3
limited-ASCII
in figure
through
Kingdom ASCII
and
KINGDOM
CODES, MODE
United
A-I.
Figure A-2 shows
A-6
show
special
character
MODEL
911 VDT
KEYBOARD
CHARACTER
SPECIAL
CHARACTER
Kingdom Model 911 VDT
the
same
keyboard
keyboard
mode
character
set.
ARRANGEMENT,
POSITIONS, ASCII, AND
SET
keyboard
layout
layout
with
and
the
keys
positions. Table A-I lists
symbolization
numbered.
the
United
9
8
7
5
2
B
3.
4
f
I
(A)
"
32
52
72
**
75
(8)136267
140673
12
33
53 54
73 74
AND
A
Figure A-I. United Kingdom Model 911
13
34
86
ARE
WIRED
IN
PARALLEL
90
VDr
Keyboard Arrangement
ACTiVE
DUMMY
29
49
69
---1
.
87
.
30
50
70
r
31
51
71
~8
Figure A-2. United Kingdom Model 911
A-I
VDr
Keyboard with Keys Numbered
Digital Systems Division
Page 62
~
J2h\
ERASE
945423-9701
______
ERASE
FIELD
l~iUT
eo
,.
PRINT
0A
HOME
et--
,"S
CHAR
86 88
"'
~
8A
D6L
CHAR
84
-.
Figure A-3. United Kingdom Keyboard Showing Lowercase Mode Character
_
Positions and Hexadecimal Codes
ERASE
~~r:LD
PRINT
9A
4-
88
INS
CHAR
8.
ERASE
~~EL.O
ERASE
l~rUT
t
89
HOME
---
.....
8A
"'
D6L
~
~~AR
88
~~~0~
t
36
SPACE
Figure A-4. United Kingdom Keyboard Showing Uppercase Mode Character
Positions and Hexadecimal Codes
HOME
lit--
D'
8A
•
g.~ALR
~
~'~;"'8
oA
Figure A-S. United Kingdom Keyboard Showing Control Character
Positions and Hexadecimal Codes
SPACE
«,
A-2
Digital
Systems Division
Page 63
~~------------------
~
945423-9701
ERASE
ERASE
FIELO
INPUT
eo
el
f
9A
-
e2
INS
•
CHAR
e.
ee
9F
--+
eA
OEC
CHA.R
e4
Figure
A-6.
United
Kingdom
Keyboard
Showing
Shift
Mode
Character
Positions
and
Hexadecimal
Codes
A-3
37
,e
,.
32
.
2E
Digital
Systems
Division
Page 64
>
~
o
<§:
-
!!!.
~
(j)
~
SHIFT
o
o
X
I
~
b7
bs
b4
b3
b2
bl
b5
000
0
000
I
001
0
o 0 1
1
o
100
010
1
o
I
1 0
o I 1 I
100
0
100
I
101
0
1 0 1 1
I
100
1 1 0 1
1
I 1 0
1 1 1 1
~----
-----
S?
(A)140675
""
iii'
O·
:::l
CONTROL
o
o
I
o
0
0
0
0
NUL
SOH
STX
ETX
EOT
ENC
ACK
BEL
BS
HT
LF
VT
FF
CR
SO
51
Table A-I. United Kingdom Model 911 VDT ASCII and Special Character Set
UP/LOW
0
LOCK
o
I
X
X
0
0
DLC
DCI
DC2
DC3
DC4
NAK
SYN
ETB
CAN
EM
SUB
ESC
FS
GS
RS
US
--
0
0
1
I
SP
!
00
£
$
%
II<
/
(
)
*
+
,
-
/
0
0
0
MODE
LOWER
UPPER
CONTROL
SHIFTED
0
I
1
I
0
0
@
1
A
2
B
3
C
4
D
5
E
6 F
7
G
8
H
9
I
J
.
K
0
<
L
-
M
>
N
?
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0 1 1
0
1
0
1
P
,
P
C
a
q
R
b
r
S
C
S
T
d t
U
e
u
V
f
V
W
9
w
X
h x
Y
i
V
Z
j Z
[
k
{
"-
I
I
I
]
m
}
1\ n
~
-
0
DEL
---------
)
1
1
0
0
0
ERASE
FIELD
ERASE
INPUT
HOME
TAB
DELETE
CHAR
SKIP
INSERT
CHAR
FIELD
+---
+---
t
•
+
•
FIELD
XF2
XF3
XF4
0
0
1
HERE
IS
Fl
F2
F3
F4
F5
F6
F7
F8
PRINT
CMD
--
1
0
1
0
ENTER
XFI
L-
_________
~
\0
"""
Vl
"""
N
W
-:0
.......
o
Page 65
J175\
_.~..:..:::...::..~
___
_
~~423-9701
APPENDIXB
FRENCH
MODEL 911 VDT KEYBOARD ARRANGEMENT,
HEXADECIMAL CODES, MODE CHARACTER POSITIONS,
ASCII, AND SPECIAL CHARACTER SET
Digital Systems Division
Page 66
Page 67
~-------
'-t:(
945423-9701
APPENDIX B
FRENCH
MODEL 911 VDT KEYBOARD ARRANGEMENT,
HEXADECIMAL
CODES, MODE CHARACTER POSITIONS,
ASCII, AND SPECIAL CHARACTER SET
The standard limited-ASCII French Model 911 VDT keyboard layout and symbolization are shown
in figure B-1. Figure B-2 shows the same keyboard with the keys numbered. Figures
B-3
through
B-6
show keyboard mode character positions. Table
B-1
lists the French ASCII and special charac-
ter
set.
(A)
140676
Figure
B-1.
French Model 911 VDT Keyboard Arrangement
II
12
13
32
33
34
52
53
54
72
73
74
'**75
AND
86
ARE
WIRED
IN
PARALLEL
ACTIVE
DU
......
y
90
(9)136267
A
Figure B-2. French Model 911 VDT Keyboard with Keys Numbered
29
49
69
---1
7 e
,'9
4
§
6
I
I
l~
.:,
30
31
50
51
70
71
.
87
98
I
J
B-1
Digital Systems Division
Page 68
~
~-------
945423-9701
ERASE
ER
....
SE
INPUT
FIELD
.,
.0
t
PAINT
.A
HOME
t-
.2
..
s
CHAR
+
e. e.
rEPEAT
...
OEL
CHAR
..
Figure
B-3.
French
Keyboard
Character
Positions
>0
Showing
and
Hexadecimal
Lowercase
Mode
Codes
"
,s
"
"
"
ERAse
ERASE
FI£L['I
INPUT
.,
eo
"INT
t
..
..
HOME
t-
8Z
'NO
CHA.
+
e.
e.
ERASE
EA"SE
FIELD
INPUT
.,
.0
PRINT
..
HOME
.2
r
ONS
CHAR
.. ..
,.,
140681
RENA
t
•
...
OEL
CHAR
..
...
OEL
CHAR
..
Figure
B4.
French
Keyboard
Character
SPACE
20
Positions
SPACE
20
Showing
and
Hexadecimal
Uppercase
Mode
Codes
,.
,.
,.
31
32
37
38
31
32
'0
Figure
B-S.
French
Positions
Keyboard
and
Hexadecimal
B-2
Showing
Control
Codes
Character
Digital
Systems
Division
Page 69
Jd7.f\
~
___
ERASE
I"'ELO
eo
PRINT
g.
-
'NS
CHAR
• 0
945423-9701
E""'SE
INPUT
g.
e.
REPEAT
f
HOME
e.
e.
-
OE"
CHAR
..
..
•
Figure
8-6.
French
Positions
~
Keyboard
and
Hexadecimal
Showing
__
Shift
Codes
Mode
_
,e
,.
"
'C
Character
B-3
Digital
Systems
Division
Page 70
t:=
,J:.
o
ca'
::;:
Q)
-
(I)
~
iii
~
o
<-
'4'
0-
:3
~
b7
b6
b4
b3
b2
bl
b5
000
0
o 0 0 I
o 0 I 0
o 0 1
1
o
100
010
1
o 1 1
0
011
1
1
00
0
100
1
101
0
101
1
1
100
1 I 0 1
1
110
1
1 1
1
~--
(A)
140678
)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
NUL DLC
SOH
DCI
sTX
DC2
ETX
DC3
EOT
DC4
ENQ
NAK
ACK
SYN
BEL
ETB
BS CAN
HT
EM
LF
SUB
VT
ESC
FF
FS
CR GS
SO
RS
51
US
Table B-1, French Model 911 VDT ASCII and Special Character Set
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
I
1
1
1
1
1
0 0
1
1
0
I 0
1
0
1
SP
0 @
P
,
P
!
1
A
Q
a
q
"
2
B R
b
r
#
3
C
5
C
5
$
4 0
T
d
t
'"
5
E
U
e
u
a
6
F
V
f
V
/
7
G
W
9
W
(
8
H
X
h
x
)
9
I Y
i
y
*
J
Z
i
1
+
K
[
k
t
,
t
<
L
\
I
I
I
- -
M
]
m
I
.
>
N
1\
n
~
I
1
0
-
0
DEL
)
1
1
0
0
0
ERASE
FIELD
ERASE
INPUT
HOME
TAB
DELETE
CHAR
SKIP
INSERT
C~IAR
~IELD
4-
t
•
~
•
FIELD
XF2
XF3
XF4
1
0
0
1
HERE
IS
F 1
F2
F3
F4
F5
F6
F7
F8
PRINT
CMD
0
1
0
ENTER
XFI
~
)
\C
~
<Jl
~
N
W
..:0
.......
o
-
Page 71
~,~
945423-9701
-.~-------
-
APPENDIX C
GERMAN MODEL 911 VDT KEYBOARD ARRANGEMENT,
HEXADECIMAL CODES, MODE CHARACTER POSITIONS,
ASCII,
AND SPECIAL CHARACTER SET
Digital Systems Division
Page 72
Page 73
~~-------------------
~
945423-9701
APPENDIX C
GERMAN
MODEL 911 VDT KEYBOARD ARRANGEMENT,
HEXADECIMAL
CODES, MODE CHARACTER POSITIONS,
ASCII,
AND SPECIAL CHARACTER SET
The
standard limited-ASCII German Model 911 VDT
keyboard
layout
and symbolization are shown
in figure
C-l.
Figure C-2 shows
the
same keyboard with
the
keys numbered. Figures
C-3
through
C-6 show
keyboard
mode
character
positions. Table C-l lists
the
German ASCII and special charac-
ter
set.
(A)
140684
Figure C-I. Gennan Model 911
VDl
Keyboard Arrangement
10
11
12
13
29
30
31
32
33 34
49
50
51
52
53 54
69
70
71
.
72
73
74
87
88
:
---1
I
Figure
C-2.
Gennan Model 911
VDl
Keyboard with Keys Numbered
C-l
Digital Systems Division
Page 74
~
j}]S\
945423-9701
______
ER
....
SE
ERASE
FIELD
INPUT
'0
"
•
P'l'NT
HOME
~--.
B2
"'
DEL
~~AA
•
BB
"
t-
'NS
CHAR
,.
140686
_
Figure C-3. Gennan Keyboard Showing Lowercase Mode Character
Positions and Hexadecimal Codes
ERASE
FieLD
.0
PAINT
..
t-
'NS
CHAR
86
'B)
ERASE
FIELD
80
9'
~
'NS
CHAR
86
ERASE
INPUT
.,
..
HOME
8'
8B
140687
ERASE
8'
HOME
B2
t
•
INPUT
•
•
,B
8.-.
DEL
CHAR
84
-.
"'
DEL
~~AR
Figure C-4. Gennan Keyboard Showing Uppercase Mode Character
Positions and Hexadecimal Codes
,B
'406ijB
Figure
C-S.
Gennan Keyboard Showing Control Character
Positions and Hexadecimal Codes
C-2
Digital Systems Division
Page 75
~~------------------
~
945423-9701
ERASE
ERASE
FIELD
INPUT
BO
B'
PRINT
t
9A
-
HOME
B2
'"S
t.
CHAR
8.
BB
9F
REPEAT
-
DEL
CHAR
Figure
C-6.
German
Keyboard
Showing
Shift
Mode
Character
Positions
and
Hexadecimal
Codes
C-3
3B
3.
"
32
30
Digital
Systems
Division
Page 76
(j
~
c
ca·
~
-
~
b7
b6
b4 b3
b2
bl
bs
o 0 0 0
o 0 0 1
001
0
001
1
o
100
010
1
o 1 1
0
o I
1
1
1
0 0 0
100
1
101
0
1 0 1 1
1
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LF
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FF
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CR
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SO
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Table C-l. Gennan Model 911
vnT
ASCII and Special Character Set
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Page 77
~~------------------
~
945423-9701
APPENDIX D
SWEDISH/FINNISH
MODEL 911 VDT KEYBOARD ARRANGEMENT,
HEXADECIMAL CODES,
MODE CHARACTER POSITIONS, ASCII,
AND SPECIAL CHARACTER SET
Digital Systems Division
Page 78
Page 79
~
;2175\
______
The standard limited-ASCII Swedish/Finnish Model 911 VOT keyboard layout and symbolization
are shown in figure
through
and special character set.
945423-9701
SWEDISH/FINNISH MODEL 911 VDT KEYBOARD ARRANGEMENT,
HEXADECIMAL
0-6
show keyboard mode character positions. Table 0-1 lists the Swedish/Finnish ASCII
~"
APPENDIX D
CODES, MODE CHARACTER POSITIONS, ASCII,
AND SPECIAL CHARACTER SET
0-1.
Figure
0-2
shows the same keyboard with keys n·lmbered. Figures
.............
_
0-3
,.
(A)
11
32
52
72
140692
12
33
53
73
Figure 0-1. Swedish/Finnish Model 911 VOT Keyboard Arrangement
10
13
34
54
74
29
49
69
~
.
87
:
30
50
70
r
31
51
71
88
Figure 0-2. Swedish/Finnish Model 911 VOT Keyboard with Keys Numbered
D-l Digital Systems Division
Page 80
~-------
~
945423-9701
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Swedish/Finnish Keyboard Showing Lowercase Mode
Character Positions and Hexadecimal Codes
Figure 0-4. Swedish/Finnish Keyboard Showing Uppercase Mode
Character Positions and Hexadecimal Codes
Figure
0-5.
Swedish/Finnish Keyboard Showing Control Character
Positions and Hexadecimal Codes
D-2
Digital Systems Division
Page 81
--.,
~~-------------------
~
945423-9701
ERASE
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Figure D-6. Swedish/Finnish Keyboard Showing Shift Mode
Character
Positions and Hexadecimal Codes
D-3
3B
35
36
32
Digital
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Division
Page 82
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Table 0-1. Swedish/Finnish Model 911 VDT ASCII and Special Character Set
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Page 83
~~-------------------
~
945423-9701
APPENDIX E
NORWEGIAN/DANISH KEYBOARD
ARRANGEMENT,
HEXADECIMAL CODES, MODE
CHARACTER
POSITIONS,
ASCII,
AND SPECIAL
CHARACTER
SET
Digital
Systems Division
Page 84
Page 85
~~-------------------
~
945423-9701
APPENDIX E
NORWEGIAN/DANISH KEYBOARD
ARRANGEMENT,
HEXADECIMAL CODES, MODE
CHARACTER
POSITIONS,
ASCII,
AND SPECIAL
CHARACTER
SET
The
standard
limited-ASCII Norwegian/Danish Model 911 VDT
keyboard
layout
and
symbolization
are
shown
in figure
E-l.
Figure E-2 shows the same
keyboard
with keys
numbered.
Figures
E-3
through
E-6
show
keyboard
mode
character
positions. Table
E-l
lists the Norwegian/Danish ASCII
and special
character
set.
(A)
140700
11
12
13
32
33
34
52
53 54
72
73
74
Figure E-l. Norwegian/Danish
Model
911
VDr
Keyboard Arrangement
10
Figure E-2. Norwegian/Danish Model 911
VDr
Keyboard with
Keys Numbered
29
49
69
.
87
:
~
30
31
50
51
70
71
88
1
E-l
Digital
Systems Division
Page 86
~-------
~
945423-9701
ERASE
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Character Positions and Hexadecimal Codes
Figure E-4. Norwegian/Danish Keyboard Showing Uppercase Mode
Character Positions and Hexadecimal Codes
Figure E-5. Norwegian/Danish Keyboard Showing Control Character
Positions
and Hexadecimal Codes
7
17
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E-2
Digital Systems Division
Page 87
~~-------------------
~
945423-9701
ERASE
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Figure E-6. Norwegian/Danish Keyboard Showing Shift Mode
Character Positions and Hexadecimal Codes
E-3
Digital Systems Division
Page 88
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Norwegian/Danish Model 911 VDT ASCII and Special Character Set
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Page 89
~~-------------------
~
945423-9701
APPENDIX F
JAPANESE KAT AKANA KEYBOARD ARRANGEMENT,
HEXADECIMAL
CODES, MODE CHARACTER POSITIONS,
MODIFIED ASCII (1IS-8), SPECIAL CHARACTER SET,
AND ADDITIONAL EIGHT -BIT DISPLAYED CHARACTER SET
Digital Systems Division
Page 90
Page 91
~
945423-9701
~~-------------------
APPENDIXF
JAPANESE KATAKANA KEYBOARD ARRANGEMENT,
HEXADECIMAL CODES, MODE CHARACTER POSITIONS,
MODIFIED ASCII (JIS-8), SPECIAL CHARACTER SET,
AND ADDITIONAL EIGHT-BIT DISPLAYED CHARACTER SET
The
standard
are
shown
through
fied
ASCII (J IS-8)
displayed
limited-ASCII
in figure
F-8
show
character
F-l.
Figure F-2 shows
keyboard
and
special
Japanese
mode
character
Katakana
character
set.
Model 911
the
positions. Table
The
set are illustrated in figure r -9.
same
keyboard
additional
VOT
keyboard
with
F-l
lists
128 eight-bit
layout
keys
the
Japanese
characters
and
symbolization
numbered.
Katakana
included in
Figures F-3
modi-
the
(A)
11
32
52
72
**
75
(B)'36267C
140708
'2
33
53
73 74
AND
PARALLEL
Figure
F-l.
Japanese Katakana Model 911 VDT Keyboard Arrangement
'0
29
30
87
·
·
·
50
70
i
3'
5 ,
7'
BB
13
34
54
86
ARE
WIRED
IN
89
90
9'
28
ACTIVE
DUMMY
49
69
----.J
Figure F-2. Japanese Model 911 VDT Keyboard with Keys Numbered
F-l
Digital
Systems Division
Page 92
~
____
94_5_4_23_-_97_0_1
__________________________________________________
_
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Figure
F-3.
Japanese
Positions
.1';,
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•
Keyboard
and
Hexadecimal
20
Showing
SPACE
20
Lowercase
Codes
Alpha
h
T
Mode
T
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SPACE
20
Showing
Codes
Uppercase
Codes
Control
Lock
Alpha
h
1
Character
Mode
37 39
32 33
Positions
F-2
Digital Systems Division
Page 93
~
945423-9701
~~-------------------
ERASE
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Positions
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X
X
and Hexadecimal Codes
SPACE
20
ESC
TAB
Figure F-8. Japanese Keyboard Showing Shifted Katakana Character
Positions
and Hexadecimal Codes
32
38
F-3
Digital
Systems Division
Page 94
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Table F-1. Japanese Katakana Modified ASCII (JlS-8) and Special Character Set
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~
945423-9701
~~-------------------
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Digital Systems Division
Page 96
~
945423-9701
c/o
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Figure F-9. Additional 128 Eight-Bit Characters Included
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of
2)
F-6
Digital Systems Division
Page 97
~
945423-9701
~-------
ARABIC
DEVICE SERVICE ROUTINE INTERFACES,
MODEL
AND
APPENDIX G
911
VDT KEYBOARD ARRANGEMENT,
KEYBOARD CODES
Digital Systems Division
--
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Page 98
-.
I
Page 99
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945423-9701
APPENDIX
G
MODEL
911
ARABIC DISPLAY
TERMINAL
G.l
GENERAL
This appendix provides details
of
the keyboard and display interface
of
the Model
911
Arabic video
display terminal (VDT). Recommendations are also provided in this appendix for users who wish
to
develop their own device service routine (DSR)
to
control the Arabic terminal.
The Texas Instruments Model
911
Arabic VDT
is
designed specially
to
meet the requirements
of
both
the Arabic and Latin-based languages. The terminal can be programmed
to
handle the natural
writing directions
of
the languages and to perform the character shaping required to faithfully represent Arabic script. This appendix describes the keyboard and VDT interfaces provided by the Model
911
Arabic VDT.
G.2
KEYBOARD
The standard keyboard consists
of
91
keys grouped
as
shown in figure
G-!.
The standard keyboard
layout
is
organized into four types
of
keys:
• Data entry keys
• Cursor control and edit keys
• Numeric keys
• Special function keys
(Fl
- F8)
The keyboard produces an 8-bit code for all keys except for the control keys REPEAT, ARABIC
(
4.S! ~ ),
LATIN, SHIFT, CONTROL and
UPPERCASE
LOCK.
The
REPEAT
key provides a repeat code function so that the same key can be entered several times.
To
repeat a key code, hold down the
REPEAT
key while pressing the key to be repeated. The key
code entered
is
repeated
at
a frequency
of
10
characters per second.
F,
I F2 I F3 I F4 I F5 I F6 I F7 I Fa CMO
ERASE ERASE
FIELD
INPUT
7 V
a A
9
..
PRINT
I
REPEAT
4 t 5 0
6
"\
-
HOME
-
, ,
2 "(
3~
INS
j
DEL
CHAR
CHAR
0
Figure
G-l.
Arabic
911
Keyboard
The ARABIC (
4.S! ~ ),
LATIN, SHIFT, CONTROL and
UPPERCASE
LOCK control keys
determine the character set generated by the keyboard, i.e., the specific codes generated by the other
keys on the keyboard. When the ARABIC key
is
pressed, a warning lamp
is
lit next to the key.
G-l
Digital Systems Division
Page 100
~
945423-9701
~-------
A MODE key
grams
to
character set
SHIFT
up
up
down
up
down
*
is
also available on the keyboard and
place the terminal
is
selected
is
illustrated below:
CONTROL
up up
up down
up
up
up
down *
is
intended to be used by terminal control pro-
in
a specific operating mode. The way
UPPERCASE
LATIN
ARABIC
down
down
*
*
*
down
up
up
down
down
*
in
which a specific keyboard
CHARACTER
up Lowercase Latin
up Uppercase Latin
up Shifted Latin
Arabic
Shifted Arabic
*
Control
SET
*Don't care.
The keyboard character sets are illustrated
figures
G-2
through G-S.
in
G.3 DISPLAY UNIT
The Model
screen can display 24,
dot matrix are provided by the terminal: a
911
terminal provides a 305-millimeter (l2-inch) diagonal, high resolution display. The
SO-character lines
of
data: a total
5x7
matrix that
of
1920
characters per screen. Three types
is
used for Latin characters, a
7xS
of
for
smaller Arabic characters, and a 7xlO dot matrix for the more intricate Arabic characters. All
characters fit into a single character position on the screen.
G.4 DEVICE
In the Model
shapes for the Arabic language alone. The shape displayed can be programmed to meet the
quirements
SERVICE ROUTINE INTERFACES
911
Arabic VDT, a special ROM
of
the Arabic language itself. In general, a character has a different shape depending on
is
used that contains over
115
different character
re-
its position in the word: isolated, beginning, final, or medial. The appropriate shape provided in the
display
ROM
is
selected by the user's DSR according to the context
in
which a data character
is
entered. To map the keyboard data entered to the displayed data and to the user buffer, a user DSR
has to handle three interfaces: the keyboard/DSR interface, user buffer DSR interface, and the
is
display/DSR interface. Figure G-9
a simplified interface overview
character tables used at each interface are designed to maximize the efficiency with which the
face can be handled. These character sets are listed
11
12
13
32
33
34
52
53 54
72
73
74
in
figures G-lO, G-11, and G-12.
of
the VDT controller. The
29
49
69
87
inter-
30
50
70
31
51
71
88
Figure G-2. Arabic Keyboard Key
G-2
Numbering
Digital Systems
Di~lsion
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