Test-Um NT700, NT750 User Manual

LanScaper

OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

TM

LanScaper

LinkIndicator - Onwhen
networklinkisestablished.

Back-litLCD -2lines
by16charactersw/icons.

CurserKeys -Usedtoscroll
throughoptions,setaddresses
andadjustvalues.

SelKey -Selectkeyisusedto
enterdisplayedoperatingmode,
startanewtest,changethe
valueofanoption,enter
sub-menusormove
tothenextscreen.
(Dependingoncontext)

TM

RJ45Jack -Connectto
cableorjacktobetested.

ModeKey - PressCABLEfor
cablemodes,pressNTWRK
fornetworkmodesorpressthe
center(bothatonce)forSETUP
mode.

PowerKey - PressPWRtoturn
ontheLanScaperinthemodeat
poweroff.FurtherpressesofPWR
togglethebacklightonandoff.
Holddowntoturnoff.

BatteryCap -Pressdown
withheelofhandtoopen.

LanScaper

1.0INTRODUCTION

1.1Cautions

1.2KitContents

1.3Features

1.4UsingthisManual

1.5NetworkConnectivity

2.0STEPBYSTEPUSEINSTRUCTIONS

2.1ToIDanUnknownJackorPlug

2.2ToTestCablesOnly

2.3ToPlaceToneonaCable

2.4ToMeasureLengthofaCable

2.5ToLocateanEthernetPort

2.6ToPINGDevicesonaNetwork

2.7ToValidateaCableLinkbyFunctionalTesting

2.8ToChangePINGAddressingMode

3.0FUNCTIONALDESCRIPTION

3.1VoltageCheck

3.2CableTestModes

3.2.1JackID

3.2.2CableTest

3.2.3CableLength

3.2.4ToneGenerator

3.3NetworkTestModes

3.3.1FlashLinkLED

3.3.2PINGTest

3.3.3ValidateLink

4.0SETUPMODE

4.1TargetSetupSub-Menu

4.2PINGSetupSub-Menu

4.3LastDHCP

4.4DHCPOn/Off

4.5MACadd

4.6Units-Feet/Meters

5.0STATUSANDERRORMESSAGESFORNETWORKTESTMODES

6.0INTERPETINGCABLETESTRESULTS
Figure6.1CablingErrorsExamples

7.0MAINTENANCE

7.1BatteryReplacement

7.2ToResettheProcessor

8.0SPECIFICATIONS

AppendixA:GlossaryofNetworkingTerms
AppendixB:InternetProtocolDefinitions
WarrantyInformation

TM

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LanScaper

ApplicationHints:

TM

Fordetaileddescriptionofeachfunction,seetheFunctionalDescriptionsection.InterpretingCable
TestResultsandErrorMessagessectionsareusefulreferencesections.

1.5NetworkConnectivity

-TheLanScaperusesIPaddressprotocolandrecognizesAuto-

™

NegotiationusingFastLinkPulsestoreportadvertisedEthernetcapability.LanScaper™also
supportsamodifiedversionofautoMDI/MDI-XtoallowforconnectiontoaHUB,switchorNIC
withastraightthroughcable.TheLanScaper™operatesusing10base-Tforallnetwork
transmissions.Thevastmajorityof100base-TFastEthernetproductssupport10base-T.However,
shouldaHUBorswitchbe100base-Tonlythroughsettingsorbydesign,adifferentport,a
changeofsettingsorinsertionofaninexpensive10/100HUBinlinewiththeLanScaper™willbe
necessary.

ToturntheLanScaper™offafteranytest,press

2.0STEPBYSTEPUSEINSTRUCTIONS

-

andholdPWRbuttonuntilthedisplayturnsoff.Thetesterwillturnoffautomaticallyafterabout
15minutesinallmodesexceptToneGenerator,whichis60minutes,andFlashLinkLED,whichis
30minutes.Whenconnectingtounknownjacksorcables,itisbesttobeginwiththepoweroffand
turntheLanScaper™onaftertheconnectionismade.Thisinsuresthatthevoltagecheckwillbe
runfirstbeforeanyothertesting.

2.1ToIDanUnknownJackorPlug-

1)WithLanScaper™poweredoff,connecttounknownjackorplug.

2)PressCABLEbutton,LanScaper™willpoweroninJackIDmodeanddeterminewhatdeviceis
connectedtotheotherendofthecableortestthecableifnoconnectionisfound.

2.2ToTestCablesOnly

-SkipstheIDportionoftheJackIDtestabove.

1)ConnectoneendofcableruntobetestedtoLanScaper™.PressCABLEbuttonrepeatedlyuntil
CableTestisdisplayed(twiceifunitwasoff).PressSELbuttontoentertest.

2)Ifthecableisconnectedwhilethetesterison,asingle-endedtestforshorts,opensandsplit
pairswillmostlikelybeinprogress.PressSELbuttontoforceanewtesttobegin.

3)Foracompletetest,connectaremotetotheotherendofthecable.

Anypatchcablesusedtoconnectthetesterandremotetoacablerunmustbe
shortcomparedtothecablerunforaccurateopenandsplitpairindication,nomorethan10%of
thetotalrunlengthor3feet,whicheverisless.Acablemustbeatleast4feetlongforsingle­endedtesttoworkproperly.

2.3ToPlaceToneonaCable-

1)Connectcabletobetracedtomainunit.TurnontesterbypressingCABLEbutton.Press

CABLEbuttonuntilToneGeneratorisdisplayed,thanpressSELbutton.

2)PressSELuntildesiredtoneisselected.Theup/downarrowkeysselectthepinorpair(s)to

carrythetone.

3)Forstrongestsignal,donotconnectremote.Duetotheshieldingeffectoftwistedpairs,the

strongestsignalisobtainedbyhavingonewireofapaircarrytone.Selectingasinglepin
insteadofapairwilldothis.

2.4ToMeasureLengthofaCable-

1)Connectcabletomainunit.Aremotemaybeattheotherend,butisnotrequired.

2)TurnonunitbypressingCABLEbutton.PressCABLEbuttonuntilCableLengthisdisplayed,
thenpressSELbutton.Tochangelengthunitsbetweenfeetandmeters,usesetupmode.

LanScaper

minimizetheresolutionerror(1footin50is2%uncertainty).Connectknowncabletotesterand

3)Pressup/downarrowstoadjustlengthconstant.Iflengthconstantisunknownforaparticular

cable,aknownlengthofcablemaybeusedtosettheconstant.Fiftyfeetormoreissuggestedto
changethecableconstantusingup/downarrowsuntilthelengthreadscorrectly.

2.5ToLocateanEthernetPort

1)WithLanScaper™poweredoff,connectLanScaper™toajackorplugattheworkstation

locationforwhichtheEthernetportistobelocated.

2)PressNTWRKbutton,LanScaper™willpowerupintheFlashLinkLEDmodeandconnect to

theEthernetportonaHUB,switchorNIC.Evenifnoconnectionismade,toneisgeneratedon
thecabletoaidinfindingthecablewithatonetracerattheotherend(equipmentcloset).

3)IfanEthernetlinkisactiveonthecabletheLanScaper™turnsonitslinkLEDandbegins

flashingitinunisonwiththelinkindicatoronaportoftheHUB,switchorNICattheotherend.
Toneisalsogeneratedonthecableinthiscondition,butatadifferentcadencetoindicatehaving
establishedalink.

TM

2.6ToPINGDevicesonaNetwork

PINGfunctionoperatesintwomodesDHCPOnandOff(Manual).ThisisselectedinSETUPby
theDHCPOn/Offoption.Nootherentriesarerequiredtoestablishcommunicationswitharouter
andaDNSserveronaDHCPnetwork.ToPINGaspecifictarget(Tg1-4),theaddressmustbe
enteredandthedesiredtargetaddressselectedinSETUPbeforestartingthePINGtest.InDHCP
Offmode,allIPconfigurationinformationmustbeenteredinSETUPfirst.(PINGSetupoption)

1)WithLanScaper™poweredoff,connecttonetwork.

2)PressNTWRKbuttonrepeatedlyuntilPINGTestisdisplayedonscreen(twopresseswhenoff).

PressSELbuttontoentertest.Severalstatusscreenswillbedisplayedwhileestablishingalink
andnegotiatingtheDHCPconfiguration.OncePINGingbegins,aPINGstatusscreenwillbe
displayed,showingacronymsforeachactiveconversation.

3)Pressleftorrightarrowstomovecurser()nexttoadeviceacronym.PressSELbuttontoview

moreinformationaboutadevice.Thereareatotalofthreescreenstoview.PressSELbuttonto
advancetothenextscreenorthescreenwilladvanceautomaticallyafter10seconds.

2.7ToValidateaCableLinkbyFunctionalTesting

exerciseacablelinkwithnoadditionalequipmentbeingrequired.Thiscanalsobedonethrough
aHUBorswitchwithorwithoutanyotherequipmentbeingpresent.ThetwoLanScapers™will
bereferredtoastheValidatorandthePINGGenerator.TheValidatorusestheValidateLink
modeandthePINGGeneratorusesPINGTestmode.

1)ConnecttheValidatortooneendofthelinktobetested.

2)PressNTWRKbuttonuntilValidateLinkisdisplayed.PressSELbuttontoactivatetest.

3)InSETUP,setPINGGeneratortoDHCPOff(seeToChangePINGAddressing,below).A

specificmanualaddressdoesnotneedtobeset,thePINGGeneratorwillrecognizetheValidator
andassignaddressing.

4)ConnectthePINGGeneratortotheotherendofthelink.

5)OnthePINGGenerator,pressNTWRKbuttonuntilPINGTestisdisplayedandpressSEL

buttontobegin.

6)ThetargetorrouteracronymwillchangetoValonthePINGGeneratorwhentheValidatoris

foundandaddressingassigned.ThePINGGeneratoroperatesandaccumulatesinformationasin
thenormalPINGTest.TheValidatordisplaysapacketcountonlyonitsscreen.

-Ifthejackorplugisunknown,runJackIDtestfirst.The

-TwoLanScaper™testerscanbeusedto

LanScaper

2.8ToChangePINGAddressingMode

3.1VoltageCheck-

3.2CableTestModes-

1)TurnonLanScaper™bypressingPWRbuttonandpressthemiddleoftheCABLE/NTWRK

2)Pressdownarrowbuttonthreetimes,DHCPOnorDHCPOffshouldbedisplayed.

3)PressSELbuttontotogglebetweenonandoff.Displayedvalueiscurrentsetting.

4)PressCABLEorNTWRKtoexittoatestorpressandholdPWRbuttontopoweroff.

PINGtesterinonetester.TheLanScaper™hasabacklitLCDdisplayandeightmomentar

buttons.Therubberendcapatthebottomisthebatterycompartmentcover.

TheLanScaper™ispoweredonbypressinganyoneofthreebuttons:PWR,CABLEorNTWRK.

ThetesterwillturnoninthelastmodeusedbeforeturningoffifthePWRbuttonispressed.Ifthe

CABLEbuttonispressed,thetesterimmediatelystartsexecutingtheJackIDtest.Pressingthe

NTWRKbuttoncausestheBlinkLinkLEDtesttobegin.TheLanScaper™isturnedoffby

holdingdownthePWRbuttonuntilthedisplaygoesblank.Thetesterwillalsoshutoff

automatically15minutesafterthelastbuttonpressinmostmodes,30m

modeand60minutesinToneGeneratormode.ShortpressesofthePWRbutton,togglestheback

lightonandoff.Thebacklightturnsoffautomaticallyabout5minutesafterbeingturnedon.

Usingthebacklightincreasespowerconsumptionbybetween20%and50%.

Thereareeighttestmodesandasetupfunctionasdescribedbelow.Themodeswitchisthedouble

buttonimmediatelyabovePWR.ThetopbuttonislabeledCABLE,thebottombuttonislabeled

NTWRKandtheareabridgingthetwobuttonislabeledSETUP.Pressingamodebuttonwill

immediatelyendanycurrentlyrunning

category(cableornetwork)ordisplaythenextmodeinthesamecategory,waitingforapressof

SELtobeginthetesting.Subsequentpressesinthesamecategoryadvancestothenextmode,

rollingovertothefirstmodewhentheendisreached,stillwaitingforSELtobegin.

tester'sjack.Iffound,themessage“-VoltageFound-SELJackID”isdisplayed,andtheonly

optionfortheuseristopresstheSELkeytostarttheJackIDtesttodeterminewhattypeof

interface

isremovedforfiveminutes.Theselectedtestwillcontinueifthevoltageisremoved,orthetester

willshutitselfoffafterthefiveminutes.TheexceptiontothisbehaviorisintheNetworkModes.

Whenvoltageisfoundinthesemodes,thetestercheckstoseeifitisEthernetPhantomPower.This

isavoltagewhichisconnectedtothecentertapsoftheEthernetinterfacetransformersofsome

networkequipmenttopowerremotedevices,likeIPphonesorwirelesstransceivers.Thispoweris

seenbytheLan

reportedas“EnetPwrSourceFound=xV”forseveralseconds,thenthetestproceeds

automatically.

Whileitisrecommendedthatanunknownjackconnectionisalwaysverifiedbyconnectingtothe

testerwhileitispoweredoff,itisfinetoattachaknownnetworkordeadcableorjacktothetester

whileitisrunning.Inthatcase,itismostlikely,atestwillbeinprogresswhenacableconnection

ismade.

Theresultsofthetestinprogressatconnec

theSELbuttonshouldbepressedtoterminatethecurrenttestandinitiateanewtest.

3.0FUNCTIONALDESCRIPTION

-Otheroptionsarechangedsimilarly.

button,whichismarkedSETUP.Thepercentbatteryremainingscreenwillappearbriefly.

TM

-TheLanScaper™isajackidentifier,cabletesterand

inutesinBlinkLinkLED

taskandeitherbegintheexecutingthefirsttaskofanew

Alltests,exceptJackID,startwithacheckforvoltagesonthepinsonthe

orwhatvoltagesarepresentonthejack.Thetestermonitorsthejacktoseeifthevoltage

y

Scaper™asvoltagebetweenthe1-2and3-6pinpairs.Thevoltagefoundis

Inmostmodes,theLanScaper™isconstantlytestingandreportingresults.

tiontimeareunreliable.Inmostsuchrepeatingtests,

LanScaper

3.2.1JackID-

3.2.2CableTest

3.2.3CableLength

thejackorcablebeingtested.Thetestfirstlooksforvoltagesbeingpresentontheconnectorpins.

Ifvoltagesarefoundintypicalphonelocations,testsforcurrentlevelsanddialtonearerun.From

thesetests,theLanScaper™willreportvoltageorphonetypefound.

Ifnovoltagesarepresent,testingforEthernetlinkpulsescommences.Iflinkpulsesarefound,the

advertisedcapability,thepairswithlinkpulsesandthepolarityoflinkpulsesaredisplayed.The

pairswithlinkpulsesareindicatedby

thosepairstheHUB,switchorNICassumingstraightthroughcabling.Withacross-overcable

present,aNICwouldbelabeledasaHUB,etc.TheAUTOindicationisdisplayedifthedevice

connectediscapableofauto-MDI/MDI-X.Ifnopulsesarefound,butthepatternoftermination

ofthecableisthatofaninactiveEthernetdevice,itwillbedisplayedassuch.

Notfindinganyoftheabove,theLanScaper™invokesthecabletestdescribedinthenextsection,

displayingsingle-endedcabletest,fullcabletestor“NoI/OorCable”res

thetest,thewiremapdisplay,IDandanyfaultsaredisplayed.Thetoplineofnumbersonthe

displayrepresentstheconnectorpinsonthemainunit.Thesecondlineofpinnumbersisthe

connectorpinnumbersoftheremote,normallybeingthesameasthetoplineforanormaldata

cable.Ifthereisamiswire,thenumbersonthesecondlinewillindicatethepinnumbersdetected.

Ifnoconnectionwasdetectedforsomeofthepins,thesecondlinewillbeblankinthosepin

locations.Ifashortisdetected,thesecond

specificshortconditiondisplayedonthethirdline.Ifasplitpairisdetected,thosepinpositionson

thesecondlinewillbeflashingthepinnumbersdetectedfromtheremoteandthespecificsplit

conditiondisplayedonthethirdline.Iftherearemultipleerrorstodisplayonthethirdline,the

messagesaredisplayedinsequenceuntilallaredisplayed.TheIDiconwillhaveanumberdirectly

belowitindicatingtheremoteIDnumber.Ifnofaultsarefoundonthecable,thelengthofthecable

isdisplayed.

Ifthereisnoremote,theLanSc

forshorts,opensandsplitpairs(single-endedtest).TESTandthepinnumbericonsforthepairs

beingtestedwillbeontoindicateatestinprogress.Theresultsaredisplayedasmessagesonthe

LCD.Becauseatestcantakeuptoabout5secondstocomplete,theSELbutton,which

immediatelystartsanewtest,shouldbepressedwheneveranewcableisconnected.Partialand

erroneousresultswillbedisplayeduntilacompletetestcyclehasbeenrunonacable.

andusingthecapacitanceperunitlength(lengthconstant)tocalculatethelength.Thelengthis

displayedontheLCDalongwiththecurrentvalueofthelengthconstant.TheSELbuttonchanges

thepairbeingmeasuredina1-2,3-6,4-5,7-8andauto-selectsequence.Thepairnumberis

displayednexttothelengthexceptinauto-selectmode.Ifaselectedpairhasafault,thefault

replacesthelengthreadingontheLCD.Inauto-selectmode,thetesterautomaticallyselectsapair

withoutafault.Thelengthconstantischangedwiththeup/downarrows.TheCALiconison

whileadjustingt

testerwilldisplay"TRingNetwork??","xbase-TNetwork?"or“Network?”(allfourlines

terminated).Ifaremoteissensed,theIDNumberisdisplayed.

TheJackIDtestidentifieswhatequipment,ifanyis,connectedtotheotherendof

-Ifaremoteissensed,thetesterperformsafullcabletest.Uponcompletionof

TM

referencetothedevicethatwouldnormallypresentpulseson

ults.

linewillhaveaflashing'x'inthatpositionandthe

aper™usesthelengthandcabletestcapabilitytomeasureacable

-Thelengthmodemeasuresthelengthofacablebymeasuringitscapacitance

heconstant.Ifnetworkterminationpatternsarefoundinthelengthmode,the

LanScaper

3.2.4ToneGenerator

3.3NetworkTestModes

3.3.1FlashLinkLED

3.3.2PINGTest

DHCPOnMode

aselectedpairoraselectedpin.Thesignalgeneratedonapairhasthesignalononepinandthe

complementofthesignalontheotherpinofthepair,yieldinganominal10voltspeak-to-peak

acrossthepair.TheSELbuttonselectsoneofthefourtonesoundsprovided.Theup/downarrows

scrollthroughthepairsandpinsthathavesignalonthem.Allpinsnotbeingdrivenareheldat

testerground.TheLanScaper™willautomaticallyturnoffin60minutes.

above)thensearchesforlinkpulsesonthetester'sjack,automaticallyconfiguringtheinterfaceto

connecttoaHUB,switchorNIC(similartoAUTOMDI/MDI-X)ifoneisfound.Anaudiotone

signalisbeingsentdownthecable,sothecablecanbelocatedattheotherendwithatonetracer

wheneverthismodeisselected.Thetonecadenceisdifferentforanopencableversusan

establishedlinktoindicatethelinkstatus.Oncealinkisestablished,theLinkLEDonthe

LanScaper™willilluminateandbeginblinkingatthesamerateasthelinkindicatoronthedevice

attheotherend.TheLanScape

Whilethetesterissearchingforincominglinkpulses,itdisplaysthemessage“FindActiveLink.”

Oncelinkpulsesarefound,thetesterdisplays“LinkFound”andtheLinkLEDflashes.Ifthetester

detectsthattheincominglinkpulsesstop,itreports“LostLink”forseveralseconds,thenreturnsto

thesearchforlinkpulses.

configurationmodes.Theaddressconfigurationmodeisasetupoption.Ineithercase,aTarget

devicemustbeselectedinSetup,anditsIPaddressconfirm

segment,asdeterminedbytheNetmask,theTargetwillbeaddresseddirectlyontheEthernet.If

theTargetisnotlocal,PINGswillbedirectedtotheRouterforforwardingontheWANsideofthe

Router.Whenrunninginthismode,theLanScaper™willrespondtoPINGsaddressedtoitfrom

anyotherdevice.

Inthistest,theLanScaper™checksforvoltages,thensearchesforlinkpulsesonit'sjack,

automaticallyconfiguringtheinterfacetoconnecttoaHUB,switchorNIC.Onceanactivelinkis

found,thetesterconfiguresitsIPaddressparametersasselecte

areset,thetesterstartssendingoutPINGpacketstotheselectedTarget,theRouter,and(inDHCP

mode)theDNSserver.ThePINGscontinuefor15minutesafterthelastbuttonpress,afterwhich

theLanScaper™willautomaticallyturnoff.

usingtheDHCPprotocol.Thetesterdisplaysthemessage“DHCPRequest”andacountof

attempts.ThisprotocolrequiresaresponsefromaDHCPserveraccessibleontheLAN.Ifno

responsetoitsrequestisreceivedafter10seconds,theteste

thecountonthescreen.Oncethetestergetsaresponsefromaserver,itdisplaysthemessage

“Successful”.NomanualconfigurationisrequiredfortheDHCPprotocoltowork.Ifthetester

continuestocountrequests,themostlikelyproblemisthataDHCPserverisnotavailableonthe

LAN.Inthatcase,thetestermustbemanuallyconfigured.Forinformationonthatmode,seethe

DHCPOffsectionbelow.

OncetheDHCPserverhasprovidedtheLanScaper™withavaluefortheaddressthetesterwill

use(MyIP),thataddressischeckedforconflict.Theteste

-Thetonemodegeneratesaudiotonesforusewithtonetracersonallpairs,

-TheFlashLinkLEDmodestartswiththeVoltageChecktest(seesection

r™willautomaticallyturnoffin30minutes.

-ThePINGTestoperatesinDHCPOnorDHCPOff(Manual)IPaddress
ed.IftheTargetaddressisontheLAN

TM

dbytheuser.Oncetheparameters

-Afterdetectingincominglinkpulses,thetesterrequestsIPaddressparameters

rwillrepeatitsrequest,andincrement

rissuesanAddressResolutionProtocol

LanScaper

(ARP)requestdirectedtoitsproposedMyIPaddress.AresponsetotheARPtellsthetesterthat

someotherdeviceontheLANisalreadyusingthatIPaddress.TheDHCPprotocolspecification

(RFC1541)saysthatinthecaseaserveroffersanaddressalreadyinuse,thereceiverofthat

addressshouldrejectitandrequestanother.TheLanScaper™doesnotinformtheserveraboutthe

conflict,butitdoesreportontheLCD“MyIPinuseonthisnetwork”.Ifthisisfound,thetester

willnotcontinueintothePINGstate,asusinganotherdevice'sIPaddressisnotpermissibleona

LAN.Thisconditionsh

addressesalreadyinuseontheLAN.Thetesterwillrestartfromthisstateautomaticallyafterone

minute,orcanbemanuallyrestartedtoretrythetest.Ifmultipleretriesallendupunsuccessful,the

testermustbemanuallyconfiguredandusedintheDHCPOffmode.Inthiscase,theLAN

configurationparameterscanbeseeninSetupmodeintheLastDHCPsub-menu,includingtheIP

addressofferedtothetester,thevalueofMyIP.

AftersuccessfullyreceivingavalidIPaddress,theoperationofthetestercontinueswithth

statedescribedbelow.

determinetheIPparameterconfigurationoftheLAN,theconfigurationofanotherdeviceonthat

LANmustbechecked.OnaWindowsPC,thecommand“ipconfig”canbeusedtodeterminethe

IPaddresses,Netmask,andDefaultGateway(Router)beingused.OnaLinuxcomputer,thesame

informationcanbefoundusingthe“ifconfig”and“route”commands.TheNetmaskandRouter

informationcanbeenteredjustasdisplayedonthePC.ThevalueenteredforMyIPmustbe

similar,butnotidenticaltothePC'

commonbetweenthePCandthetesterforittobepossibleforthemtocommunicatedirectlyonthe

sameLANsegment.AgoodguessistouseanIPaddressdifferentbyjustafewlow-orderdigitsin

thelow-orderbyteoftheIPaddress.Onceallthemanualparametersaresetup,thePINGtestcan

bestartedbypressingtheNTWRKbuttontwice,andthentheSELbutton.Onceanactivelinkis

found,thevalueenteredforMyIPischeckedforconflict.ThetesterissuesanARPrequestdirected

toitsproposedMyIPaddress.AresponsetotheARPtellsthe

LANisalreadyusingthatIPaddress,anditreports“MyIPinuseonthisnetwork.”.The

LanScaper™willnotcontinuethePINGtest,asusinganotherdevice'sIPaddressisnot

permissibleonaLAN.Thetesterwillrestartfromthisstateautomaticallyafteroneminute,butthe

valueenteredforMyIPmustbemanuallychangedtotryadifferentIPaddresstopreventconflict.

stepistoentertheactivePINGconversationstate.ThetesterLCDdisplaysthePINGStatus

screen,“Tg1-4

LCD,anddirectlyundertheassociatedacronym,thestatusofeachPINGconversation.Acursor

()isshownonthetoplinethatcanbemovedwiththeleft/rightarrowbuttonstoselectanyofthe

conversations.PressingtheSELbuttonwillpushdownintomoredetailaboutthatconversation.

ThefirstpressofSELwilldisplaythevalueofMyIPcurrentlyinuse.AsecondpressofSEL(or

delayofthreeseconds)willdropintothesecondpageofstatus.AthirdpressofSEL(orafter10

seconds)willdropintoathirdpageofst

thirdpageisdisplayed,afinalpressofSEL(orafteranother10seconds)willreturntothemain

PINGdisplay.

ThefirststepinestablishingtheconversationsistoattempttolocatetheRouterontheLAN

segment.TheLanScaper™doesthisusingtheAddressResolutionProtocol(ARP).

DHCPOff(Manual)Mode

PINGState

TM

owsthattheDHCPserverismis-configuredasitshouldreserveallIP

ePING

-ThetesterutilizesthemanuallyenteredPINGSetupinformation.To

sIPaddress.TheNetmaskdefinestheaddressesthatmustbe

testerthatsomeotherdeviceonthe

-OnceMyIPhasbeenverifiedasavailable,ineitherDHCPOnorOffmodes,thenext
”(unlessdisabled),“Rtr”and“DNS”(ifDHCPOn)acronymsonthetoplineofthe

atus,ifavailable,orreturntothemainPINGdisplay.Ifthe

LanScaper

LanScaperwillissueaDHCPreleaserequesttotheDHCPserverwheninDHCPOnmode.This

TM

ThetestersendsoutanARPpacketdirectedtotheRouter,andneedsaresponsefromtheRouter
informingthetesteroftheRouter'sMACaddress.Duringthisphase,“ARP”willflashunderthe
“Rtr”acronym.IfnoresponseisreceivedtotheARPrequest,thetesterwillrepeattherequestat
varyingintervals(1-3seconds).NoresponsetotheARPcanmeanthattheIPaddressassignedto
theRouterisnotcorrect,theRouterisnon-functional,orthatitisnotaccessibleontheLANdueto
someotherproblem.IftheRtrconversationisselected,andtheSELbuttonpressed,thestatus
displayedis“NoARPresponse”.

OncetheRouterMACaddressisfound,theLanScaper™beginssendingICMPechorequest
(PING)packetstotheRouter.ThestatusdisplayedundertheRtracronymchangesto|withthe

Symbolbouncingbackandforthacrossthenet(|).EachtimethetestersendsaPINGrequest,
theisshownontheleftsideofthenet.Eachtimearesponseisreceived,thebouncestothe
otherside.Ifnoshowsontheright,whileitisblinkingontheleft,itmeansthatthetesteris
sending,buttheRouterisnotanswering.SelectingtheRtracronymandpressingSELtwicewill
showthepresentIPaddressfortherouteronthetoplineandthecountoftheX(transmit)andR
(receive)packets.IfnoPINGresponsehasbeenreceived,thestatusis“NoPINGResponse.”
MissingReceivepacketscanmeanthattheLANortheRouterisbusy,orthatthereissomeother
problemontheLAN.PressingtheSELbuttonagainwilldropdowntothethirdstatusscreen
whichshowsthetimebetweenthetransmissionofthelastreceivedPINGpacketanditsreception
timeonthetoplineoftheLCD,andtheaveragetimebetweentransmissionandreceptionofall
PINGpacketstotherouterinthisconversationonthebottomline.

TheTargetIPaddresscaneitherbeontheLANsegmentorremote.IftheTargetisontheLAN,the
statusoftheLanScaper™TargetconversationwillbeasdescribedfortheRouterabove.Intheoff
localsegmentcase,wherethePINGpacketsneedstobesenttotheRoutertobeforwarded,thereis
anadditionalstepnecessaryandstatusdisplayed.WhentheRouterisrequiredforTarget
conversation,thestatusshownfortheTargetis“---“whilethetesterisattemptingtocontactthe
Router.ThedetailedstatusfortheTargetis“NoRtrresponse.”InthecasewheretheTargetis
remote,andanARPresponsehasbeenreceivedfromtheRouter,theTargetPINGpacketsaresent
totheRouterwhichisexpectedtoforwardthemontotheTarget.Ifnoresponseisreturnedfrom
theTarget,possiblecausesaretheTargetcannotbereachedduetonetworkproblems,theTargetis
notresponsive,orthatthedevicethatisactiveattheIPaddressselectedfortheRouterisnota
Router,andisnotforwardingthepackets.

TheDNSconversationisonlyactivewhenPINGtestisrunintheDHCPOnmodebecausethe
DNSIPaddressisonlyavailablefromtheDHCPserver.(Notethatifknown,theDNSserverIP
addresscanbeentered asaTargetandPINGedlikeanyotherTarget.)TheDNSservercanbelocal
orremote,likeaTarget.TheDNSconversationstatusissimilartoaTargetconversationstatus.
InmostsmallLANconfigurations,theDNSserverwillbearemotedevice,andsuccessful
PINGingtoitwillverifyproperLANoperationandInternetconnectivity.

Thetesterwillshutoffautomaticallyabout15minutesafterthelastbuttonpress.Theusercanalso
terminatethetestbypressingtheCABLE,NTWRKorPWRbuttons. Inanyofthesecases,the

TM

ispreferabletosimplydisconnectingthecabletoterminatethetestbecausetheaddressassignedto
theLanScaper™willnotbeavailableforassignmenttoanotherdevice.

LanScaper

3.3.3ValidateLink-

4.1TargetSetupSub-Menu-

otheronacablewithnootherequipmentrequired.Nospecialconfigurationofthetestersis

requiredotherthantoputthemintothetestmodesasdescribed.Thisallowsacableruntobe

verifiedafterinstallation.OneLanScaper™isputintoValidateLinkmode(Validator),whilethe

otheroneisputintoPINGtestwithDHCPOff(PINGGenerator).TheValidatorwillbelockedin

NICmode,generatinglinkpulsesthatthePINGGeneratorcanreceivetoallowittotakeonthe

HUBcableconfiguration.OncethePINGGeneratorde

activePINGstateandstartgeneratingARPpackets,attemptingtoconnecttoboththemanually

configuredTargetandRouterIPaddresses.TheValidatorwillreceivetheARPrequests,andwait

untilitgetsseveralrequestsforthesameIPaddress,whilenotreceivinganyresponsesfrom

anotherdevicetothatIPaddress.TheValidatorwillthenassumethatIPaddress,andrespondto

theARP.ThePINGGeneratorthenstartstoPINGtheIPaddressthattheValidatorhasresponded

to.TheValidatorrespondstothePING,butmodifiesthepacketinsteadofmer

thatthePINGGeneratorcanrecognizewhenitiscommunicatingwithaValidator.WhenthePING

GeneratorrecognizestheValidator'sresponse,itwillchangeit'sPINGstatusacronymdisplayto

“Val”,andterminatethePINGconversationtotheotherIPaddressitisconfiguredfor.Oncethis

negotiationiscomplete,theValidatorwillshowacountofPINGsreceived,andthePING

GeneratorwilldisplaythenormalPINGstatusscreensformonitoringtheprogressofthetest.

TheValidateLinktestcanalsobeusedonanEthernetinstallationwithotheractivedevices.Since

th

interferewithotherdevicesontheLAN.ThePINGGeneratormustbesetupinDHCPOffmode,

anditsmanualIPconfigurationmustbesetuptoaddressIPaddressesnotinuseonthatLAN.For

example,theactiveTargetaddresscouldbeonthesameLANsegmentasMyIP.Or,theRouterIP

addresscouldbesettoanun-usedIPaddressonthatLAN.ThePINGGeneratorcouldevenbe

setupwithIPaddressesthatarenotinuseonthatLAN,andstillcommunicatewiththeValidator.

informationthatisusefultotheuser.EnteringSETUPisdonebypressingthecenterofthe

CABLE/NTWRKbuttons,whichactuallyactivatesbothbuttonssimultaneously.Theestimated

batteryliferemainingisdisplayedbrieflywheneverSETUPmodeisentered.Themainselect

menuisscrolledthroughusingtheup/downarrowbuttons.Thereareseveralsub-menusthatare

accessedbypressingtheSELbuttonwhenthesub-menutitleisdisplayed.

configurationofthefouravailableTargetIPaddr

activeatatimeforthePINGtestmode.PressingtheSELbuttonmovestheLanScaper™intothe

Targetselectionscreen.Theup/downarrowbuttonsscrollthroughthefivesetableoptions.Oneof

thefourstoredtargetaddressescanbeselected,ortheTargetPINGcanbedisabled.Thissub-menu

canbeexitedbypressingSEL(takingthetesterbacktothesub-menutitlescreen),orbypressing

CABLEorNTWRKtoenteratestmode.ExitingthismenuwillleavethedisplayedTargetasthe

activeone.

WhenoneofthefourTargetsisdisplayedonthescreen,theS

editIPaddressscreenforthatTarget.TheIPaddressiseditedbymovingthecursorleftandright

usingtheleft/rightarrowbuttons,andthenchangingthedigitabovethecursorusingtheup/down

arrowbuttons.NotetheIPaddressisdisplayedinthetypicaldecimaldotformat.

4.0SETUPMODE

eValidatorverifiesthattheIPaddressitwillassumeisnotrespondingonthenetwork,itwillnot

TM

ThismodeallowstwoLanScaper™testerstobeconnecteddirectlytoeach

tectstheLinkpulses,itwillgointothe

elycopyingit,so

-

TheSetupModeisprovidedtosetuser selectableoptionsandpresent

Thisisthesub-menutitlescreenfortheselectionandIPaddress

essstoragelocations.OnlyoneTargetcanbe

ELbuttoncanbeusedtodropintothe

LanScaper

Eachofthefourdecimalnumbersseparatedbyperiodsrepresentsonehexadecimalbyteofthefour

byteIPaddress,andcanonlytakeonthevaluesbetween0-255.Eachdigitinthedecimalnumber

canonlybesettoavaluevalidforthatposition.Thus,thehighorderdigitinanyofthedecimal

numberscanonlybesetto0,1,or2.Inaddition,eachdigitcanonlybesettoavalidvaluein

relationtothelow-orderdigitsinthatnumber.Thehighorderdigitcanonlybesetto2ifthelow

orderdigitsarelessthan55.ThedesiredIPaddressmayhavetobeenteredfromrighttoleftto

allowtheloworderdigitst

Target,eitheronorofftheLANsegment,even“reserved”IPaddressescanbeentered.Thissub-

menucanbeexitedbypressingSEL(takingthetesterbacktothesub-menutitlescreen),orby

pressingCABLEorNTWRKtoenteratestmode.Exitingthismenuwillleavethedisplayed

Targetastheactiveone.

theDHCPOff(Manual)PINGtestmode.Thesettingsofthesevaluesinteractwitheachotherto

forcetheRouterIPaddresstobeaccessibleonthesameLANsegm

LANroutercannotbeaddressedbythetester,andthereforeisnotausefulsetupoption.Pressing

theSELbuttondropsthetesterintothemanualIPconfigurationscreens.Theup/downarrow

buttonsscrollthroughtheoptionsinthissub-menu.Thissub-menuisexitedbyscrollingtothe

“SeltogotoMainMenu”screenandpressingSEL,orbypressingCABLEorNTWRKtoexittoa

testmode.

Whenoneoftheoptionscreensisdisplayed,pressingtheSELbuttondropsthetesterintotheedit

IPaddressscreenforthatoption.Notethatthetester'sIPaddress,MyIP,canonlyb

reservedIPaddresses.Thisisanyaddressotherthan0.0.0.0,or224-255.x.x.x.MyIPiseditedina

similarfashiontotheTargetIPaddressesdescribedabove.TheRouterIPaddressisalsoeditedina

similarfashiontotheTarget's.Inaddition,theRouterIPaddressisforcedtobeonthesameLAN

segmentasMyIP.ThismeansthattheNetmask,whosebitsdefinetheLANsegment,iscompared

withMyIP,andthebitsthatmustbecommonbetweenMyIPandtheRouterIPareforcedtothe

correctstate.ThecheckoftheRouter'saddressisdonewheneverMyIP,theRouterIP,orthe

Netmaskareedi

mustbeastringof1's,fromthehighestorderbitdown,definingthebitsthatmustmatchbetween

MyIPandanydeviceittriestoaccessontheLANsegment.IftheIPaddressbitsmatch,thedevice

isontheLANsegment,andcanbeaddresseddirectly.Iftheydonotmatch,thetestermustredirect

it'sIPpackettotheRouterforforwarding.EditingtheNetmaskislimitedtosettingvalidbit

combinationsthatallowforLANsegmentswith5to253possibledevices.

negotiationbetweentheLanScaper™andaDHCPserver.Thevaluesdisplayedcannotbe

modified,onlyviewedtodeterminetheconfigurationoftheLANsegmentundertest.Pressingthe

SELbuttondropsthetesterintotheDHCPdisplayscreens.Theup/downarroworSELbuttons

scrollthroughthescreensinthissub-menu.Theinformationobtainedforeachiteminthesub-

menucanbeviewedbypressingtheSELbutton.Any000.000.000.000entriesmeanthatthelast

DHCPserverdidnotprovidetherequestedinformation.Ifallentriesare000.000.000.000,the

mostlikelycauseistha

server.Thissub-menuisexitedbyscrollingtothe“SeltogotoMainMenu”screenandpressing

SEL,orbypressingCABLEorNTWRKtoexittoatestmode.

4.2PINGSetupSub-Menu-

4.3LastDHCP-

obesetpriortothehighorderdigit.AnyIPaddresscanbeenteredfora

Thisisthesub-menutitlescreenfortheIPaddressconfigurationof

entastheLanScaper™.Anoff-

esettonon-

TM

ted.TheNetmaskisaspecialsetofnumbersthataresimilartoanIPaddress,but

Thissub-menuallowstheusertoviewtheresultsofthemostrecentDHCP

tDHCPOnmodewasselected,buttheLANdidnotprovideaDHCP

LanScaper

4.4DHCPOn/Off-

4.5MACadd-

4.6Units-Feet/Meters-

ARPreceived

DHCPRequest-

FindActiveLink-

LinkFound-

LinkNotFound

LinkwordErr-

LostLink-

displayedstateistheselectedstate.DHCPisaprotocolnegotiationusedtoautomatically

configuretheIPparametersoftheLanScaper™onaspecificLANsegment.WithDHCPOn,the

nexttimethePINGtestisstarted,thetesterwillrequestIPparametersitneedsforLAN

communicationfromaDHCPserveronthatLANsegment.Ifaresponsefromaserverisreceived,

thetesterwillconfigureitselfwiththeacquiredparametersandstarttoPING.NotethattheonlyIP

parameternotreceivedfromthehostistheTargetIPaddress,w

noresponseisreceived,thetestercannotdoanyPINGingonthatLAN.Inthatcase,thePING

setupmustbemanuallyentered,andtheDHCPOffstatemustbeselected.ThenextPINGtestwill

thenattempttocommunicatewiththemanuallyenteredparameters.Whenusedasasourcefor

PINGstoanotherLanScaper™intheValidatormode,thePINGGeneratorLanScaper™mustbein

DHCPOff(manual)mode.

specificLanScaper™unit.AllEthernet-interfaceddevicesmusthaveauniversally-uni

tobeusedastheiraddress.Thisinformationisprovidedasaconveniencetotheuser.

testerdisplaysthecablelengthitmeasuresinfeetormeters.Thelengthconstantisconvertedto

thenewunits.

LanScaper™tryingtostartaPINGconversation.Thisstatusflashesforafewsecondswhilethe

unitsnegotiateanIPaddresstheycanusetoPINGeachother.

firstlinewhileitistryingtogettherequiredinformationfromaDHCPserver.Thesecondline

displays:

test.FlashLinkLEDandPINGtestmodesneedtobeconnectedtoanactivenetworkinorderto

run.Inthesemodes,thisstatusisdisplayedwhilethetesterissearchingboththe1-2and3-6pairs

forincomingEthernetLinkpulses.IntheValid

NICconfiguration,generatingLinkpulsesonthe1-2pair.ThisallowsanotherLanScaper™tobe

connecteddirectlytoit.

detected.

100MbitEthernetdevicedecodedanunrecognizedvalue.Mayindicateacableproblemora

hardwareproblemwiththeconnecteddevice.

received.Possiblyduetothecablebeingdisconnectedortheconnecteddevicebeingshutoff.

5.0STATUSANDERRORMESSAGESFORNETWORKTESTMODES

Thisisasimpleon-offselectionmadeusingtheSELbutton.Thelast

TM

hichisalwaysmanuallyentered.If

Thisisadisplay-onlyofthefactory-setMediaAccessControlnumberforthe

-InValidateLinkmode,thisstatusshowsthatthetesterhasdetectedanotheractive

InthePINGtestwithDHCPOn,theLanScaper™displaysthismessageonthe

Attempt-

isbeingreceived.

Successful-

countofDHCPrequestssentout,ifthisnumbercontinuestoincrement,noresponse

Showsforashorttimeaftertheserverrespondstotherequest.

StatusdisplayedwhilesearchingforLinkpulsesafteranincomingsignalhasbeen

queidentifier

ThisisasimpleselectionmadewiththeSELbuttontochoosewhetherthe

ThetesterissearchingforincomingLinkpulseswhilewaitingtostartanactive

ateLinkmode,theLanScaper™assumesanactive

-StatusdisplayedwhilesearchingforLinkpulsesandnothinghasbeendetected.

TheLinkwordcapturedbytheLanScaper™duringJackIDtestfromanattached

Atestwasactive,afterhavingfoundincomingLinkpulses,buttheystoppedbeing

LanScaper

NICiniterr-

NICRxoverrun-

NICTxtimeout

NoIPaddress-

PacketRcvErr-

PINGTestDetailedStatusMessages-

RtrmustbeonMyIPLANsegment

VoltageFound,SELJackID

EnetPwrsourceFound=xV

duringinternalinitialization.Maybecausedbyahardwareprobleminsidethetester.

formultiplepackets.Ifnewpacketsarereceivedfasterthantheycanbeprocessed,theEthernet

chipdiscardsthenewpacketsandsetstheOverrunerrorflag.Thetesterdetectsandreportsthis

error.MaybecausedbyexcessivebroadcasttrafficontheLAN,orbyexternallygeneratedpackets

addressedtothetester'sIPaddress.

packetwithinthetimeallowed.Maybecausedbyahardwareprobleminsidethetester,aproblem

withtheattachedcable,hardwareproblemswiththeconnecteddevice,excessiveLANtrafficor

collisionsontheLAN.

addressforMyIP.

packetdata.MaybecausedbyexcessivesignalnoiseontheEthernetcableorahardwareproblem

withthedevicetransmittingtothetester.

usedtoaccessthestatusdetailsduringactivePINGing.

address.TheLanScaper™requiresthattheRouterbeatanIPaddressontheLANsegmentas

definedbytheNetmaskandMyIPaddres

anoff-LANaddress.

possiblydestructivepower,isfound.Voltagesfoundwillterminatethetestinprogressandtheonly

optionistoruntheJackIDtest(bypressingSEL).Theonlyexceptiontothisisthepossibilityof

anEthernetpowersourceprovidingpowerbetweenthe1-2and3-6pairs.Inthatcase,the

followingmessagewillbedisplayed

transceiversonthesamewiresthatcarrytheEthernetdatasignals.Theyd

voltagetothecenter-tapsofeachtransformerintheirEthernetinterface.TheLanScaper™reports

thisandallowstheNetworktestingtocontinue.

TheEthernetinterfacechipusedintheLanScaper™reportedaproblemtotheCPU

TheEthernetinterfacechipusedintheLanScaper™providesinternalbuffering

-TheEthernet interfacechipusedintheLanScaper™wasnotabletotransmita

TheDHCPserverrespondedtothetesterDHCPrequest,butdidnotprovideanIP

AnEthernetpacketwasreceivedbytheLanScaper™witherrorsintheheaderor

these messagesmaybedisplayedwhentheSELbuttonis

TM

IPadd=DNSadd

theTargetPINGisautomaticallydisabled.

IPadd=Rtradd

TargetPINGisautomaticallydisabled.

NoARPResponse-

responding.TheIPaddressmaybeunused,thedevicemaybepoweredoffornotconnected.

NoPINGResponse-

requests.Iftheaddresseddeviceis ontheLANsegment,itmaybepoweredoffornot
connected.Iftheaddresseddeviceisremote,itmaybeinaccessibleduetoWANproblems,it
maybepoweredofforthedeviceattheRouterIPaddressmaynotbeforwardingthePING
packets.

NoRtrResponse

buttheRouterIPaddressisnotrespondingtoARP.

NoRouterIP

-TheactiveTargetIPaddressisthesameastheDNSServerIPaddress,so

-TheactiveTargetIPaddressisthesameastheRouterIPaddress,sothe
TheIPaddressactiveforthisconversationisbeingARP'edbutisnot

TheIPaddressactiveforthisconversationisnotrespondingtoPING

-TheIPaddressisofftheLAN,requiringthePINGtogothroughtheRouter,

-TheDHCPserverdidnotprovideanIPaddressfortheRouter

-DisplayedinSetupwhilesettingtheManualRouterIP
ses.SetupwillnotallowtheRouterIPaddresstobesetto

-ThetesterdoesnotoperateinNetworkmodeswhenvoltage,and

.

-SomedevicesprovidepowerforIP-phonesorwireless
othisbyconnectinga

LanScaper

6.0INTERPETINGCABLETESTRESULTS

DefinitionofErrors-

Short

Miswire

SplitPair

pinsproperlyconnectedperT568A/B.Neithericonwillbeonifthecableiscross-over(uplink)

cable.TheFAILiconwillbeonifthereisanyothercondition.SeeFigure6.1,Examplesof

WiringErrors.

severityhastodowiththeabilityofamoresevereerrortomasklowerseverityerrors.For

example,ifthereisashortinthecable,miswiresandsplitspairsmaynotbedetectedforthepairs

involvedintheshortfault.

pair,toanyotherwireinthecableortheshield.Ashortwhiletestingwitharemoteisindicatedby

theFAILiconbeingonandflashingx'sintheappropriatepinpositionofthesecondlineofpin

numbersplusoneormoreerrormessagelineslistingallthepinsshortedtogether.Inthesingle-

endedtestmode,theerrormessagesonlyaredisplayed.

cable.Whiletestingwitharemote,thewiremapshowsthepinnumbersline1(main)line

2(remote).Aisaspecialcaseofamiswireinwhic

pairofpinsortoanotherdesignatedpairofpins,butthetwoleadsarereversed.Insingle-endedtest

mode,thesetypesoferrorsarenotdetectable.

generallyaremadeupofeightwirestwistedtogetherin4pairs.These4pairsaredesignatedas

pairsbythewiringstandardsandareintendedtocarryasignalanditsreturn.1&2,3&6,4&5and

7&8arethepairsdesignatedbyT568A/BforaRJ45jackorplug.Acablecanbewiredwith

correctcontinuitybutnotwithcorrectpairin

terminatedconsistentlyatbothends,butinthewrongorder.AdynamicorACtestisrequiredto

detectthistypeoferror.

pinnumbersonthesecondlineofthewiremapwithsplitpairsflashandanerrormessageis

displayedlistingthepinnumbersofthepairsinvolvedintheerror.Inthesingle-endedtestmode,

theerrormessageisdisplayed.

crosstalkisnotaconcern,asinflatsatincable,thecableisgood.

-Thepairhasalowresistanceconnectionfromonewireofthepairtotheotherwireofthe

TM

-

ThePASSiconwillbeonifthecablehasall

Thethreeclassesoffaultsdiscussedbelowareinorderofseverity.The

-Awireorbothwiresofapairarenotconnectedtothecorrectpinsattheotherendofthe

reversepair

-Asplitpairisanerrorinthetwistingofthewirestogetherwithinthecable.Thecables

g.Thismostoftenhappenswhenthecableis

Iftheonlyerrorisasplitpairerror,thecablehascorrectcontinuity.If

fromto

hthepairiswiredtothecorrect

Whiletestingwitharemote,the

LanScaper

TM

Fig.6.1ExamplesofWiringErrors(shielded)

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

OPEN

FAIL

12345678SID

345678S1

SHORT

FAIL

12345678S ID
123456S1
Short78

MISWIRE

FAIL

12345678S ID
13245678S1

DARK=ON

= FLASHING

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

(1nottwistedwith2;3nottwistedwith6)

T568A/BPassingCable(unshielded)

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

SPLITPAIR

FAIL

12345678S ID

4578S1

Split1236

PASS

12345678 ID
123456781

CableOK-53ft

LanScaper

7.0MAINTENANCE

8.0SPECIFICATIONS

aspractical.Thetestingresultswillbecomeunreliablewhenthebatteryreachesabout5.0volts.

Toreplacethebattery:

1)Besuretesterisoff.

2)Removerubberbatterycapbypressingonedgeofthecapwiththeheelofthehanduntilthecap

3)Pullbatteryoutofcavityandremovebatterysnap.

4)ConnectanewAlkaline9voltbatterytobatterysnapswithinoneminute.

5)Slidebatteryintocavityandsnapcapinplace.

1)Turnontesterinanymode.

2)Removebatterycapanddisconnectbat

3)Waitabout10secondsandreattachbatteryleads.Lengthscreenwillappearbriefly,thantester

Operatingtemperature:0to50C(32to122F)

continuouslyinoneofthefollowingmodes:

7.1BatteryReplacement-

7.2ToResettheprocessor

PhysicalDimensions-

Environmental-

BatteryLife-

CableTypes:

Minimumcablelengthfortestingforsplitpairs:

Minimumcablelengthforsingle-endedcabletest:

Lengthmeasurementrange:

Topreserveusersetdata,theunitmustbeoffandthebatterydisconnectedfornomorethanone

Wheninstallinganewbatteryorresettingtheprocessor

whenthebatteryisconnected.

tester

popsoff.

minute.

TM

Whenthebatterylowiconison,thebatteryshouldbereplacedassoon

-Alluserdatawillbelost.
tery.

willshutdown.

,disconnectanycablesconnectedtothe

.Thelengthandsingle-endedtestmodeswillbeimproperlycalibratedifacableispresent

Size:15x7.4x3.2cm(5.9x2.9x1.25inches)

Weight:200grams(7oz.)Withbattery

OO

Storagetemperature:-30to80C(-20to176F)

OO

Humidity:10%to90%,non-condensing

(9VAlkalinebattery,typical)timesareforthefullcapacityofthebatteryused

Standby:2.5years

CableTesting:50hours,nobacklight

27hours,50%backlight

NetworkTesting:15hours,nobacklight

14hours,50%backlight

shieldedorunshielded,Cat5E,Cat5,Cat4,Cat3andcoax

1meter(3feet)

1.25meter(4feet)

(CAT5/6)0to457meters(0to1500feet)

LanScaper

10Base-T

100Base-Tx

Cross-OverCable

HUB

MAC

MDI/MDI-X

Ethernetspecificationdefinedseveraldifferentcablingschemes,includingT568A/B(4-pairsof

wire)andcoaxwiring.The10in10Base-Tdefines10MbpsandtheBase-TdefinesT568A/B,

CAT3cabling.10Base-2defines10Mbpsovercoax.NotethattheLanScaper™PINGmode

worksin10Base-T.Itreliesonthelegacycompatibilitybuiltintoall100Base-Txequipmentto

communicate.TheLanScaper™reportsthisinJackIDmodeas10Base-T.

networkbandwidth.Severaldifferentcableschemesaredefinedfor100Mbps.The100in100

Base-Txdefinesthedatarateas100MillionBitspersecond.TheBase-Txdefinesthecable

schemeas2-pairsofwiresinaT568A/B,CAT5cable.NotethattheLanScaper™PINGmode

worksin10Base-T.Itreliesonthelegacycompatibilitybuiltintoall100Base-Txequipmentto

communicate.

OneothercableschemedefinedasBase-T4uses4pairsofwiresinT568A/B,CAT3orCAT5

cable. VeryfewEthernetdevicesusethisscheme,asthe2-pair(-Tx)schemedominatesthemarket.

TheLanScaper™canr

operateinthismode.TheLanScaper™reportsthisinJackIDmodeas100Base-T4.

pairontheother.ThisallowsaNICdevicetoconnectdirectlytoanotherNICdevice,orHUBtoa

HUB.TheseareoftenusedtoconnectoneHUB(orswitch)toanotherHUB(orswitch)toenable

LANexpansion.NotethatifoneoftheHUBshasan"UPLINK"connector,thatconnectorcanbe

usedwithastraightthroughcabletoconnectanormalHUBporttothe"UPLINK"port.

starnetwork,whereanydevicecancommunicatedirectlywithanyotherdeviceonthatnetwork.A

HUBisphysicaldevicethathasmultipleEthernetconnectors(ports)onit.Inside,theHUB

receivesincomingdatafromanyofitsportsandthentransmitswhatitreceivesbackoutonallits

ports.Thus,allcommunicationsbetweenalldevicesisvisibletoallotherdevicesonthatLAN.

TheHUBhasnoIPorMACaddressofit'sown.Itisthus,a"transparent"devicethatmerely

enablesmultipleEthernetdevicestocommunic

HUBsaretypicallyolderEthernetdevicesthatare10BaseT.Most10/100HUBlikedevicesare

nowswitches(seedefinition).LanScaper™usesHUBasadefinitionforaspecificEthernet

connectionpinassignmentthatallowsittoconnectdirectlytoaNICdeviceusingastraightthrough

cable.

basis.EachmanufacturerofelectronicdevicesthatinterfacetoaMAC-controlledmechanism(like

Ethernet)mustregisterwiththeIEEEandgetasetofuniqueaddresses.Eachdevicetha

manufacturerbuildsisassignedasingleaddressfromthatmanufacturer'ssetofaddresses.Ethernet

willnotworkproperlyifmorethanonedeviceontheLANhasthesameMACaddress.

definedinIEEE802.3iscalledMDIononeendandMDI-Xontheotherend.TheLanScaper™

referstotheseconnectorsasNICandHUBrespectively.ArecentdevelopmentinEthernetdevices

istheabilitytodeterminewhattypeofdeviceisconnectedontheotherendofthecableandadjust

itselftocommunicateproperly.HPinventedthisan

LanScaper™willrecognizeandreportthistypeofdeviceasanAUTOdeviceinJackIDmode.

TM

-TheearliestdefinitionofEthernetwasfor10MillionBitspersecond,10Mbps.The

-AnewerEthernetspecificationdefines100Mbpsdatarateasanupgradeforhigher

-Ethernetphysicalwiringisdoneonapoint-pointmechanism,butanEthernetnetworkisa

AppendixA:GlossaryofNetworkingTerms

ecognizeandreportthiscapabilityintheJackIDmode,butitdoesnot

-AnEthernetT568A/Bcablewhichconnectsthe1-2pairononeendtothe3-6

atebetweenthemselves.

=MediaAccessControl-Protocoldefinedforaddressingnetwork-interfacesonaunique

t

=MediumDependentInterface,XforCrossover-Thephysicalcableinterface

dcallsit“AutoMDI/MDI-X”.The

LanScaper

NIC

Polarity

Straight-ThroughCable

Switch

T568A/B

UPLINK

anEthernetinterfaceforthatPC.LanScaper™usesthetermNICtodefinetheconnectorpinout

thatallowsfordirectconnectiontoaHUBdeviceusingastraight-throughcable.

immunity.Thuseachdirectionoftransmissionusesapairofwires,oneforthepositive(+)side

andtheotherforthenegative(-)side.EarlyEthernetinterfacechipswerenotdesignedto

recognizeandcompensateforreversedcablepair

problems.ModernEthernetchipscancompensate,sothewiringisnotcritical,butthe

LanScaper™candeterminethedifference,andwillreportit.IntheJackIDmodethepolarityis

reportedasNRMorREV.

straightthroughtothecorrespondingpairsinthefarendconnector.ThisallowsaNICdeviceto

connectdirectlytoaHUBdevice.

multipleEthernetdevicestocommunicatebetweeneachother.Unl

logicthatdetermineswhichportaspecificMACaddressisfoundon,andonceithasdetermined

that,itonlyforwardstrafficdestinedforthataddresstothatport.Thisallowsforfewercollisions

ontheLANbynotre-transmittingeverypacketoneveryport.Multiplesimultaneouspoint-point

communicationscanpassthroughaswitchatthesametime,aslongaseachendpointisona

differentportontheswitch.

LikeaHUB,aswitch(initsprimarymode)hasnoIPorMACaddressofit'sown.Alsolikea

HUB,aswitchusesHUBpinoutonitsconnectorstoallowdirectcon

SwitchesaremoremoderndevicesthanHUBSandareusuallycapableof100Mbit/sec(100Base-

Tx)operation.

AsaresultoftherequirementofIEEEEthernetspecsrequiringdownwardcompatibility,all100

Mbitinterfacesmustalsosupportlegacy10Mbitcommunications.Thisresultsinarequiringa

switchtohavememorytostorepacketsreceivedat100Mbitsforretransmissionat10Mbits(Store

andForward).

versionsareelectricallyidenticalandcannotbedistinguishedwitha

andpairnumberingisdifferent,however,andcaremustbetakentouseoneversionwithina

network.AcablewiredtoAononeendandBontheotherresultsinacross-overcable.

onaHUBorswitchtoNICpinout.Thisallowsastraight-throughcabletobeusedtoconnectone

HUB(orswitch)toanotherwhilebuildingaLAN.

=NetworkInterfaceCard-TypicallyanoptioncardpluggedintoaPCcardslotthatprovides

-Ethernettransmitandreceivedriverchipsusedifferentialvoltagestoimprovenoise

TM

s,soacrossed(+)and(-)paircouldcause

-AnEthernet(CAT5)cablewhichconnectsall4pairsinthecable

-SimilartoaHUB,aswitchisamultipleportEthernetconnectiondevicethatallowsfor

-TheEIA/TIAstructuredwiringstandardsfortelecommunicationswiring.AandB

-Aspecialconnector,oramechanicalswitch,thatchangesthepinoutofoneconnector

ikeaHUB,aswitchhasinternal

nectionstoNICinterfaces.

wiringtest.Thecolorcodes

LanScaper

-Specificnumberassignedtoasingledevicetoallowittobeuniquelyidentifiedonthe

TM

ARP =AddressResolutionProtocol-UsedtodetermineEthernet(MAC)addresswhenadevice
startstocommunicatewithanother.TheIPaddressisknownandabroadcastisusedtorequestthe
specificIPaddresseddevicetorespondwithitsMACaddress,sofurthercommunicationcanbe
specificallyaddressedbetweenthetwo.

DHCP

=DynamicHostConfigurationProtocol-UsedwhenanewIPdeviceisaddedtoaLAN
anditneedstogetinformationabouttheIPaddressesusedonthatLAN.OneDHCPservermust
bepresentontheLANtoprovidearesponsetoaDHCPrequesttransmittedtoabroadcastaddress
andinformthenewdeviceofseveralconfigurationdetails.ADHCPserverisnotrequiredona
LAN,butifitdoesnotexist,allthedevicesontheLANmustbemanuallyconfigured.Much
informationcanbeprovidedbytheDHCPserver,theLanScaper™requestsanduses:

-anIPaddressforitself(MyIP)

-theIPaddressoftheDHCPserveron theLAN

-theNetmaskinuse

-theIPaddressoftheRouterontheLAN

-theIPaddressoftheDNSserveraccessiblefromtheLAN

DNS

=DomainNameServer-ProvidestranslationofURLaddresses(www.yahoo.com)toIP
addresses(66.218.71.89),sothataccesstotheinternetdevicescanberequestedusinghuman­understandableidentifiers.DNSserversarefoundontheinternet,andthusareofinteresttothe
LanScaper™becauseaccessing(PINGing)theDNSserverprovesthattheLanScaper™canaccess
adeviceontheWAN.

Gateway
IP

commonlyabbreviatedtoIP.CommunicationsaddressingschemedefinedbyDARPA(Defense
AdvancedResearchProjectsAgency)tocontrolthepubliclyaccessedinternetnetwork.

=Router-seebelow

=InternetProtocol-ActuallyTCP/IP=TransmissionControlProtocol/InternetProtocol,but

AppendixB:InternetProtocolDefinitions

IPAddress

networktowhichitisconnected.OnaLAN,theIPaddressmustbewithintherangeofaddresses
definedforthatLANbytheNetworkMaskinuse.Ontheinternet,allIPaddressesmustbe
universallyuniquetoallowaddressingthatspecificdevice.IPaddressesconsistof4hexadecimal
digitsthatarecommonlywrittenin"dotteddecimal"format.192.168.254.4isanexample.Note
thateachsetofdecimalnumbersdividedbytheperiodsmustbeintherangeof0-255asthey
representhexadecimalvaluesof00-FF.

ISP

=InternetServiceProvider-Commercialsupplierofaccessmechanismsforpublicaccessto

theinternet.

LAN

=LocalAreaNetwork-Connectionmechanismforabusiness,home,schooloranygroupof
devicestocommunicatewitheachother.IntheLanScaper™case,itisagroupofcomputers,
printers,routersandpossiblyotherdevicesconnectedbyEthernet.DistinctfromtheWANdueto
theIPaddressingina"Subnet".

NetworkMask

intosmallersections(Subnets).InthecaseoftheLanScaper™,theNetworkmaskisusedto
identifyanIPaddressasbeinglocatedeitherontheLAN(localsubnet)orontheInternet,and
thereforeaccessedovertheWAN.

=SubnetMask-IPaddressingschemethatdividestheentireIPaddressnetwork

LanScaper

PING

anechobackfromanaddresseddevice(target).TheLanScaper™usesthistoverifyIP

connectivitybetweenitselfandanotherdevice.

Router

Target

TCP/IP

WAN

thetargetisnotonitslocalnetwork(bycomparingthetargetaddresswithit'sownaddressandthe

Netmask)thedevicemustforwardit'srequesttoarouter.Therouterforwardsthecommunication

tothetargetdeviceacrosstheWAN.Thistypicallyputsthecommunicationsontheinternet,but

mayalsobeanotherLANsubnet,oraprivatenetworkofsomeothertype.ArouterhasanIP

addressandMACaddress(onEthernet)ofitsownfordirectcommunications,whichdifferentiates

itfromaHUBorswitch.Ahardw

chipinside,providingaconvenientconnectionpointformultipleEthernetdevices.

addressisthe"target"addressforthatPING.IntheLanScaper™,atargetmustbeselected

manuallyinSetup.ThistargetcanbeontheLAN,oranywhereelseaccessiblethrougharouter

connectedtotheLAN.IfthetargetisnotontheLAN,therouterIPaddressmustbeknownsothe

PINGcanbesenttotherouterwhichforwardsitontowardtheultimatelocation.

DSLline,broadbandcableconnection,ISDN,T1lineorevenadial-upmodemline.Thistermis

usedtolooselydefinethehardwarepathusedtocommunicatewithanyIP-addresseddevicenoton

thelocalLAN.

=PacketINternetGroper-Asimplecommunicationprotocol(ICMPEcho)usedtorequest

=Gateway-IfadeviceisattemptingtocommunicatewithanIPaddress,anditfindsthat

-InthePINGprotocol,anIPaddressmustbeselectedtoreceiveanechorequest.This

=TransmissionControlProtocol/InternetProtocol

=WideAreaNetwork-The"remote"interfaceonarouter.TheWANmaybeaccessedviaa

TM

areboxsoldasarouterwillusuallyincludeaHUBorswitch

LanScaper

WARRANTY-

Service-

Shipping-

NON-WARRANTYSERVICE-

alldefectsinmaterialand/orworkmanship.Thiswarrantyextendsforaperiodof12monthsforthe

testinstrumentand3monthsforthecablesfromthedateofmanufactureorproof-of-purchase.The

obligationsofTest-UmInc.underthiswarrantyislimitedtotherepairorreplacement(atour

option)duringthewarrantyperiodofanypartthatprovestobedefectiveinmaterialor

workmanshipundernormaluse,installationandservice,providedtheproductisreturnedto

Test-UmInc.freightprepaid.Produ

purchasereceipt.Intheabsenceofsuchareceipt,thewarrantyperiodwillcease12monthsfrom

thedateofmanufacture.Thiswarrantydoesnotextendtoproductsthathavebeensubjectedto

neglect,accidentalorimproperuse,ortounitswhichhavebeenaltered,repaired,orinspectedby

anyoneotherthanTest-Umauthorizedpersonnel.InnoeventwillTest-UmInc.beliableforany

incidentalorconsequentialdamages.

ifforsomereasonyourtestse

1.BeforereturninganyproducttoTest-UmInc.,youmustfirstrequestaReturnedMaterials

Noshipmentswillbeacceptedwithoutthisnumber,whichmustbeclearlymarkedontheshipping

2.Shiptheequipmentwithacopyofthesalesreceipt,ifavailable.

3.Attachadescriptionoftheoperationalproblem.

4.Includeacontactname,address,phonenumber,ande-mailaddress(ifpossible).

5.Packsecurelytopreventdamageduringship

6.Shipprepaidto:Test-UmInc,808CallePlano,Camarillo,CA93012

inspectedandanestimatedrepaircostforwardedbyphoneormail.Onceanapprovalofthesecosts

isreceived,theunitwillberepaired.Chargesforserviceandreturnfreightwillbeinvoicedona

C.O.D.basiswiththeunit.

Test-UmInc.guaranteestotheend-userpurchaserthatitsproductswillbefreeof

ctsreturnedtousmustbeaccompaniedbyacopyofthe

TM

TheLanScaper™isdesignedandmanufacturedtoprovidetroublefreeservice.However,

Authorization(RMA)numberbycontactingourCustomerServiceDept.at805-383-1500.
label.

tshouldrequirerepair,pleasefollowinstructionsbelow.

ping.

Damagedunitsreturnedfornon-warrantyrepairswillbe

Test-UmInc.

TheIntelligentTestSolutionsCompany

805-383-1500 / FAX [phone] /

808 Calle Plano / Camarillo, CA. 93012

TU9854-3(RevA-2/03)

www.test-um.com