TempIR Angel Heart User Manual

User Manual

ANGEL HEART FETAL DOPPLER

Attention

This user manual is written and compiled in accordance with the council
directive MDD93/42/EEC for medical devices and harmonized standards. In
case of modifications and software upgrades, the information contained in this
document is subject to change without notice.

The manufacturer makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material,
including, but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness
for a particular purpose. The manufacturer assumes no responsibility for any
errors that may appear in this document, or for incidental or consequential
damage in connection with the furnishing, performance or use of this material.

No part of this document may be photocopied, reproduced or translated to
another language without prior written consent of the manufacturer.

The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.

Responsibility of the Manufacturer

The manufacturer only considers itself responsible for any effects on safety,
reliability and performance of the equipment if:

Assembly operations, repairs are carried out by persons authorized by the
manufacturer, and the device is used in accordance with the instructions for
use.

WARNING :

This device is not intended for treatment. The intended use is for detecting Fetal
Heart Rate. If the FHR result is distrustful, please use other methods such as

contacting your local doctor.

Warranty

The unit can not be repaired by users themselves. All services must be done by
the engineers approved by manufacturer. We warrant that each product we sell
you is free from defects in labor and materials and shall conform to its product
specifications as defined in the user documentation. If the product doesn't
function as warranted during the warranty period, we will repair or replace it
without charge. Misuse, improper maintenance may void the warranty.

Using This Label Guide

This guide is designed to give key concepts on safety precautions.

WARNING : A WARNING label advises against certain actions or

situations that could result in personal injury or death.

CAUTION :

A CAUTION label advises against actions or situations that could damage

equipment, produce inaccurate data, or invalidate a procedure.

Note: A NOTE provides useful information regarding a function or procedure.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Safety Guidance ............................................................6

1.1 Safety Precautions ...................................................................6

Chapter 2 Introduction .................................................................. 10

2.1 Overview ................................................................................ 10

2.2 Features................................................................................. 11

Chapter 3 Outlook ........................................................................ 11

3.1 Front Panel ............................................................................ 12

3.2 Push Button ........................................................................... 13

3.3 Introduction to Top Panel ....................................................... 14

Chapter 4 General Operation ....................................................... 15

4.1 FHR Inspection ...................................................................... 15

4.2 Mode Selection ...................................................................... 16

4.3 Probe Operation ..................................................................... 17

4.4 Inspection of low power .......................................................... 18

4.5 Replacing Battery ................................................................... 18

Chapter 5 Product Specification ................................................... 19

Chapter 6 Maintenance ................................................................ 20

6.1 Maintenance .......................................................................... 20

6.2 Cleaning................................................................................. 21

6.3 Disinfecting ............................................................................ 22

Chapter7 Solutions for possible problems..................................... 23

Appendix 1 ................................................................................... 24

Appendix 2 ................................................................................... 25

Appendix 3 ................................................................................... 30

Please note: The TempIR Fetal Doppler is not a medical device. If you
have any concerns contact your local doctor.

6

Chapter 1 Safety Guidance

This unit is internally powered equipment; the degree of shock protection is type
B applied part.

Type B applied part protection means that these patient connections will

comply with permitted leakage currents, dielectric strengths of IEC 60601-1.

1.1 Safety Precautions
WARNING and CAUTION messages must be observed. To avoid the

possibility of injury, observe the following precautions during the operation of
the device.

WARNING : This device is not explosion-proof and can not be used in the

presence of flammable anesthetics.

WARNING : Do not throw batteries in fire as this may cause them to

explode.

WARNING : Do not attempt to recharge normal dry-cell batteries, they may

leak, and may cause a fire or even explode.

WARNING : Don’t touch signal input or output connector and the patient

simultaneously.

WARNING : Accessory equipment connected to the analog and digital
interfaces must be certified according to the respective IEC standards (e.g. IEC
950 for data processing equipment and IEC60601-1 for medical equipment).

7

Furthermore all configurations shall comply with the valid version of the system
standard IEC60601-1-1. Everybody who connects additional equipment to the
signal input connector or signal output connector configures a medical system,
and is therefore responsible that the system complies with the requirements of
the valid version of the system standard IEC 60601-1-1. If in doubt, consult our
technical service department or your local distributor.

WARNING : This Pocket Fetal Doppler is a tool to aid the healthcare

professional and should not be used in place of normal fetal monitoring.

WARNING : Replacing battery shall only be done outside the patient

environment (1.5m away from the patient).

WARNING : Please use the Pocket Fetal Doppler probe provided by the
manufacturer.

WARNING : Do not pull the line of probe longer than 2 meters, or else the
probe may break away from the connector of the Pocket Fetal Doppler.

CAUTION : The device must be serviced only by authorized and qualified
personnel.

CAUTION : The device is designed for continuous operation and is

‘ordinary’. Do not immerse in any liquid (i.e. not drip or splash- proof).

CAUTION : Keep the device clean. Avoid vibration.

8

CAUTION : Do not use high temperature sterilizing process and E-beam or

gamma radiation sterilization.

CAUTION : Electromagnetic Interference-Ensure that the environment in
which the device is operated is not subject to any sources of strong
electromagnetic interference, such as radio transmitters, mobile telephones, etc.
Keep them far away.

CAUTION : The user must check that the equipment does not have visible
evidence of damage that may affect patient safety or monitoring capability
before use. The recommended inspection interval is once per month or less. If
damage is evident, replacement is recommended before use.

CAUTION : The following safety checks should be performed once every

two years or as specified in the institution’s test and inspection protocol by a

qualified person who has adequate training, knowledge, and practical
experience to perform these tests.

＊

Inspect the equipment for mechanical and functional damage.

＊

Inspect the safety relevant labels for legibility.

＊

Verify that the device functions properly as described in the instructions for
use.

＊

Test the patient leakage current according to IEC 60601-1/1988: Limit: 100
uA.

The leakage current should never exceed the limit. The data should be
recorded in an equipment log. If the device is not functioning properly or fails
any of the above tests, the device has to be repaired.

9

CAUTION : The battery must be properly disposed according to local

regulation after their use.

CAUTION : The battery must be taken out from the battery compartment if
the device will not be used for a long time.

CAUTION : The device shall only be used if the battery cover is closed.

CAUTION : Battery must be stored in cool and dry place.

CAUTION : If use rechargeable battery, to insure capability and life, please

fully charge batteries before first use, normally, batteries must be continuously
charged over 14 hours or charged according to the guidance displayed on the
battery.

CAUTION : Please don’t set anode and cathode of the battery wrongly.

CAUTION : The valid period of this product is five years.

CAUTION : After the service life, please return the products to the

manufacture or disposal the products according to local regulations.

CAUTION : This device can not be used with defibrillator or high frequency
surgical unit.

CAUTION :Please choose the accessories authorized by our company or
the device may be damaged.

CAUTION : Please keep the probe from edge tool.

CAUTION : Please use the Pocket Fetal Doppler under the environment

10

without strong electromagnetic field, which may influence measure result.

When cleaning the machine:

CAUTION : Don’t use strong solvent, for example, acetone.

CAUTION : Never use an abrasive such as steel wool or metal polish.

CAUTION : Do not allow any liquid to enter the product, and do not

immerse any parts of the device into any liquids.

CAUTION : Avoid pouring liquids on the device while cleaning.

CAUTION : Don’t remain any cleaning solution on the surface of the device.

When disinfecting the machine:

WARNING : Never try to sterilize the probe or equipment by low

temperature steam or other methods.

: Refer to accompanying documents.

Chapter 2 Introduction

2.1 Overview

Pocket Fetal Doppler is a hand-held obstetrical unit, which can be used in
hospital, clinic and home for daily self-check by pregnant woman.

It contains components of ultrasonic signal transmitter and receiver, analog
signals processing unit, FHR calculating unit, LCD display control unit etc.

The Pocket Fetal Doppler model is a high performance model with (fetal heart
rate) LCD digital display. It has 3 work modes: real-time FHR display mode,

11

averaged FHR display mode, and manual mode.
All three models have audio output, and can be connected with earphone or

recorder with audio input. It uses standard 1.5 V DC alkaline batteries (2
pieces).

2.2 Features

＊

Battery status indicator

＊

low power inspection of the battery

＊

Built-in speaker

＊

Output for headphones

＊

The probe can be changeable

＊

Probe inspection

＊

Backlight

＊

Auto shut off

＊

Two pieces of standard 1.5V alkaline batteries available which can work no

less than 10 hours.

Chapter 3 Outlook

Fig.3-1 Front Panel

LCD Panel

Probe

Backlight Control Button

Loudspeaker

Mode Button

Power Button

12

Fig. 3-2 Rear Panel

Fig.3-3 Top Panel

3.1 Front Panel

3.1.1 Display

The LCD display for the Pocket Fetal Doppler is as follows:

Headphone Socket

Battery Compartment

13

Fig.3-4 LCD Display

3.2 Press Button

There are three push buttons (POWER, MODE, and BACKLIGHT CONTROL)
and a Volume control button on Pocket Fetal Doppler. The primary functions are
as follows:

3.2.1 Power Button

Function: Power on/off

Power on: Press the button once

Power off: Press down the button and hold 3 seconds to power off

14

3.2.2 Mode Button

Mode selection button.

Function: mode selection, press once to enter next working mode under
working status.

3.2.3 Backlight Control Button

Function: ①Under mode 1 and mode 2, press the button to turn on /off
backlight.

②Under mode 3, the button is for start/stop operation, please refer to

4.2.3 manual mode (Mode 3)

3.2.4 Volume Control Indicator

Volume adjusting direction indicator.

From left to right means that the sound level is from high to low.

3.3 Introduction to Top Panel

Headphone Socket: a socket for audio output, and can be connected with
earphone or recorder with audio input to record.

15

: The socket, terminal post, or switch that connected with the headphones.

: Attention. Refer to the accompanying documents.

Accessory equipment connected to the analog and digital interfaces must be
certified according to the respective IEC standards (e.g. IEC 950 for data
processing equipment and IEC 60601-1 for medical equipment). Furthermore
all configurations shall comply with the valid version of the system standard
IEC60601-1-1. Everybody who connects additional equipment to the signal
input connector or signal output connector configures a medical system, and is
therefore responsible that the system complies with the requirements of the
valid version of the system standard IEC60601-1-1. If in doubt, consult our
technical service department or your local distributor.

Chapter 4 General Operation

4.1 FHR Inspection

①

Power on by pressing the Power button.

For the Pocket Fetal Doppler, it will do self-test when turning on the machine.
After self-testing, the LCD display is as Fig.3-4.

②

Find the position of the fetal heart.

At first, please feel the position of the fetus by hand .Find out the best direction
for inspecting the fetal heart. Apply a liberal amount of gel to the faceplate of
probe; place the faceplate of probe at the best position for detecting fetal heart.
Adjust the probe to obtain an optimum audio signal ideally by angling the
probe around. Adjust the volume according to requirements.

③

FHR Calculation:

For the Pocket Fetal Doppler, the FHR result will be showed on LCD screen.

④

Turn off the machine

16

For the Pocket Fetal Doppler, keep pressing the power button 3 seconds to

turn off.

CAUTION :

①

Put the probe on the best detecting position to get better detecting effect.

②

Don't put the probe on the position where have strong Placental Blood
Sound (PBS) or strong Umbilical Sound (UMS).

③

If pregnant woman adopts horizontal position and the fetus position is
normal, put the probe on the position of lower navel midline to get the clearest
FHR sound.

④

Do not measure FHR unless audible fetal sound has been heard.

4.2 Mode Selection

4.2.1 Real-time FHR Display Mode (Mode 1)

At the moment of detecting FHR signal, the LCD will display the flashing heart
symbol, and display real-time FHR simultaneously.

4.2.2 Averaged FHR Display Mode (Mode 2)
It is used to obtain more stable heart rate readings. In this mode, FHR is

averaged 8 beats. The LCD displays the flashing heart symbol when displaying
FHR.

4.2.3 Manual Mode (Mode 3)
When entering into mode 3, the system will automatically counts the audible

beats, FHR will be showed in “— — —” Format, and the LCD flashes heart
symbol. Press the Backlight Control button to stop calculating. The unit will
automatically calculate the derived FHR averaged over the calculating time and
display the result. If measure FHR again, press the Backlight Control button to
start. Repress it, it will stop calculating.

This rate value is retained until the measurement is repeated or the mode is
changed.

17

4.3 Probe Operation

4.3.1 Inspecting Probe

When the probe falls away from the Pocket Fetal Doppler, the LCD screen
displays the flickering “— — —”and the probe frequency indication data
disappeared. At this moment the probe needs to be reconnected. After
connected well, LCD screen will stop flickering and display the probe frequency
data.

4.3.2 Replacing Probe

There has been a probe connected to the Pocket Fetal Doppler while packaged
by the manufacturer. If users need to replace it with another probe, power off
the Pocket Fetal Doppler at first, then take out the probe from the parking of the
Pocket Fetal Doppler. And then pull out the plug of the probe from its socket.
Then connect the plug of the probe which needs to be displaced with the
socket.

Note: Place the temporarily unused probe carefully and avoid falling off,
stress, etc. When the Pocket Fetal Doppler is not used for a long time,
users are recommended to connect the plug of one probe to the Pocket
Fetal Doppler socket and put the probe in the parking. Then pack the
Pocket Fetal Doppler with the probe in the wrapping box.

4.3.3 Taking out Probe and Placing Probe

①

Taking out the probe
Hold the main unit with one hand, and hold the handle of the probe with another

hand to take out the probe. (See Fig.4-1).

Fig.4-1 Taking out Probes

18

②

Placing Probe
It is opposite to take out probe. Hold the main unit with one hand, and hold the

top of the probe with another hand, then push the probe into the probe holder.

4.4 Inspection of low power

For the Pocket Fetal Doppler, when it works normally, the LCD screen displays
the status of the battery, and the number of the grid in the status represents
how much power is left; when the power of the battery is low, the power of the
battery displays grid 0 to remind the customer to change another new battery.

4.5 Replacing Battery

4.5.1 Taking out Battery

The rear panel is upturned. First open the battery compartment, then take out
the battery from the battery compartment (see Figure 4-2).

Fig.4-2 Replacing Battery

4.5.2 Replacing Battery

First put two AA size batteries into the battery compartment (as for the direction
of battery, please refer to the instruction inside the battery compartment), at last
close the battery compartment.

CAUTION : The battery must be taken out from the battery compartment

if the device will not be used for a long time.

19

Chapter 5 Product Specification
Product Name: The Pocket Fetal Doppler
Safety: Complies with: IEC60601-1：2006

Classification:

Anti-electroshock Type: Internally powered equipment.
Harmful Liquid Proof Degree: Ordinary equipment (sealed equipment

without liquid proof)
Degree of Safety in Presence of Flammable Gases: Equipment not suitable for

use in presence of flammable gases
Working System: Continuous running equipment
EMC: Group I Class B
Suitable Using Range: Suitable for use after the 12th week

of pregnancy

Physical Characteristic

Size: 130mm (Length) ×100mm (Width) ×36 (Height) mm
Weight: About 250g (including batteries)

Environment

Working:
Temperature: +5

℃

～

+40℃
Humidity: ≤80％
Atmospheric Pressure: 70kPa～l06kPa
Transport and Storage:
Temperature: -10

℃

～

+55℃

Humidity: ≤93

％

20

Atmospheric Pressure: 50kPa～l06kPa

Display: 44.5mm×23mm LCD display
Backlight: The two statuses can be alternated: turn off/on the backlight.

FHR Performance

FHR Measuring Range: 50~240BPM (BPM: beat per minute)
Resolution: 1BPM
Accuracy: ±2BPM

Power consumption: <0.8W
Auto Shut-OFF: After 1 minute no signal, power off automatically.
Battery Type Recommended: Two pieces of 1.5 V DC batteries (SIZE AA

LR6).

Probe:

Nominal Frequency: 3.0MHz
Working Frequency: 3.0MHz±10%
P-: <0.5MPa

Iob<10mW/cm2
Ispta: <50mW/cm2

Ultrasonic Output Intensity：Isata<5mW/cm2
Working Mode: Continuous wave Doppler
Effective Radiating Area of Transducer: 208mm2±15%

Chapter 6 Maintenance

6.1 Maintenance
The probe acoustic surface is frangible and must be handled with care.

21

Gel must be wiped from the probe after use. These precautions will prolong the
life of the unit.

The user must check that the equipment does not have visible evidence of
damage that may affect patient safety or Pocket Fetal Doppler capability before
use. The recommended inspection interval is once per month or less. If damage
is evident, replacement is recommended before use.

The equipment should undergo periodic safety testing to insure proper patient
isolation from leakage currents. This should include leakage current
measurement. The recommended testing interval is once every two years or as
specified in the institution’s test and inspection protocol.

The accuracy of FHR is controlled by the equipment and can not be adjusted by
user. If the FHR result is distrustful, please use other method such as
stethoscope to verify immediately or contact local distributor or manufacture to
get help.

6.2 Cleaning

Before cleaning, switch off and take out the batteries.
Keep the outside surface of the device clean and free of dust and dirt, clean

exterior surface (display screen included) of the chassis with a dry, soft cloth. If
necessary, clean the chassis with a soft cloth soaked in a solution of soap, or
water and wipe dry with a clean cloth immediately.

Wipe the probe with soft cloth to remove any remaining ultrasound coupling gel.
Clean with soap and water only.

CAUTION : Don’t use strong solvent, for example, acetone.

CAUTION : Never use an abrasive such a steel wool or metal polish.

CAUTION : Do not allow any liquid to enter the product, and do not

immerse any parts of the device into any liquids.

CAUTION : Avoid pouring liquids on the device while cleaning.

22

CAUTION : Don’t remain any cleaning solution on the surface of the

device.

Notes:

Wipe the surface of probe with 70% ethanol, self-air dry, or clean with a clean,
dry cloth.

6.3 Disinfecting

Clean the equipment case, probe, etc. as above, and then wipe the probe with
an alcohol impregnated wipe (70% ethanol).

Wipe the probe with a clean, dry cloth to remove any remaining moisture.

CAUTION : Never try to sterilize the probe or equipment by low

temperature steam or other method.

23

Chapter7 Solutions for Possible Problems

If it appears below problems when you use the Pocket Fetal Doppler, please
solve them as below:

Problems

Possible reasons

Solutions

No sound

 volume is too low
 power is low

 adjust the volume louder
 change the battery

Weak
sound

 volume is too low
 power is low
 did not daub the gel

 adjust the volume louder
 change the battery
 daub the gel

Noise

 probe is too near from

the main unit

 disturbance from the

outside signal

 power is low

 make the distance between the

probe and the main unit a little
further

 keep far away from the outside

signal

 change the battery

Low
sensitivity

 position of the probe is

not correct

 did not daub the gel

 adjust the position of the probe

 daub the gel

24

Appendix 1

Essentiality of Fetal Domestic Monitor

Fetal heart rate changes most obviously in the following three periods:

1) Within 30 minutes after pregnant women get up

2) Within 60 minutes after pregnant women finish lunch

3) Within 30 minutes before pregnant women go to bed

For the above three periods, because of the change of the body status of
pregnant women, the activity of food digesting needs the body to provide more
oxygen, relatively, the oxygen for fetus becomes less. It is easy to arise
symptoms such as fetus anoxia. Testing the FHR at this time can display the
healthy status for the fetus best.

The above three periods can only be tested at home by pregnant women
themselves, so FHR domestic monitor is very important.

This Pocket Fetal Doppler can hear the fetal heart sound for fetus above twelve
weeks, and calculate the FHR with heart fetal heart sound or check the LCD
display. You can listen to the fetal heart sound for 1-2 minutes every time.
Pregnant women can take down the record data which can be a reference for
doctors to insure the health of the fetus.

25

Appendix 2

Guidance and manufacture’s declaration – electromagnetic emissions-

for all EQUIPMENT and SYSTEMS

Guidance and manufacture’s declaration – electromagnetic emission

The Pocket Fetal Doppler is intended for use in the electromagnetic
environment specified below. The customer of the user of the Pocket Fetal
Doppler should assure that it is used in such and environment.

Emission test

Compliance

Electromagnetic environment –

guidance

RF emissions

CISPR 11

Group 1

The Pocket Fetal Doppler uses RF energy
only for its internal function. Therefore, its
RF emissions are very low and are not
likely to cause any interference in nearby
electronic equipment.

RF emission

CISPR 11

Class B

The Pocket Fetal Doppler is suitable for
use in all establishments, including
domestic establishments and those
directly connected to the public
low-voltage power supply network that
supplies buildings used for domestic
purposes.

Harmonic
emissions

IEC 61000-3-2

Not
applicable

Voltage
fluctuations/
flicker
emissions
IEC 61000-3-3

Not
applicable

26

Guidance and manufacture’s declaration – electromagnetic immunity –

for all EQUIPMENT and SYSTEMS

Guidance and manufacture’s declaration – electromagnetic immunity

The Pocket Fetal Doppler is intended for use in the electromagnetic
environment specified below. The customer or the user of the Pocket Fetal
Doppler should assure that it is used in such an environment.

Immunity test

IEC 60601

test level

Compliance

level

Electromagnetic

environment - guidance

Electrostatic
discharge
(ESD)
IEC 61000-4-2

6 kV
contact

8 kV air

6 kV

contact
8 kV air

Floors should be wood,
concrete or ceramic tile. If
floor are covered with
synthetic material, the
relative humidity should
be at least 30%.

Power
frequency
(50Hz)
magnetic field
IEC 61000-4-8

3A/m

3A/m

Power frequency
magnetic fields should be
at levels characteristic of
a typical location in a
typical commercial or
hospital environment.

27

Guidance and manufacture’s declaration – electromagnetic immunity –

for EQUIPMENT and SYSTEMS that are not LIFE-SUPPORTING

Guidance and manufacture’s declaration – electromagnetic immunity

The Pocket Fetal Doppler is intended for use in the electromagnetic
environment specified below. The customer or the user of the Pocket Fetal

Doppler should assure that it is used in such an environment.

Immunity

test

IEC 60601

test level

Compliance

level

Electromagnetic environment

- guidance

Radiated
RF

IEC
61000-4-3

3 V/m
80 MHz to

2.5 GHz

3 V/m

Portable and mobile RF
communications equipment
should be used no closer to any
part of the Pocket Fetal Doppler,
including cables, than the
recommended separation
distance calculated from the
equation applicable to the
frequency of the transmitter.

Recommended separation
distance

80 MHz to 800 MHz

800 MHz to 2.5 GHz
Where P is the maximum output

power rating of the transmitter in

P

E

d













P

E

d













28

watts (W) according to the
transmitter manufacturer and d
is the recommended separation
distance in meters (m).

Field strengths from fixed RF
transmitters, as determined by
an electromagnetic site survey, a
should be less than the
compliance level in each
frequency range. b

Interference may occur in the
vicinity of equipment marked
with the following symbol:

NOTE 1 At 80 MHz and 800 MHz, the higher frequency range applies.
NOTE 2 These guidelines may not apply in all situations. Electromagnetic

propagation is affected by absorption and reflection from structures, objects
and people.

a

Field strengths from fixed transmitters, such as base stations for radio

(cellular/cordless) telephones and land mobile radios, amateur radio, AM
and FM radio broadcast and TV broadcast cannot be predicted theoretically
with accuracy. To assess the electromagnetic environment due to fixed RF
transmitters, an electromagnetic site survey should be considered. If the
measured field strength in the location in which the Pocket Fetal Doppler is
used exceeds the applicable RF compliance level above, the Pocket Fetal
Doppler should be observed to verify normal operation. If abnormal
performance is observed, additional measures may be necessary, such as
reorienting or relocating the Pocket Fetal Doppler.

b

Over the frequency range 150 kHz to 80 MHz, field strengths should be

less than 3 V/m.

29

Recommended separation distances between portable and mobile
RF communications equipment and the EQUIPMENT or SYSTEM –

for EQUIPMENT or SYSTEM that are not LIFE-SUPPORTING

Recommended separation distances between

portable and mobile RF communications equipment and the Pocket Fetal

Doppler

The Pocket Fetal Doppler is intended for use in an electromagnetic
environment in which radiated RF disturbances are controlled. The customer
or the user of the Pocket Fetal Doppler can help prevent electromagnetic
interference by maintaining a minimum distance between portable and mobile
RF communications equipment (transmitters) and the Pocket Fetal Doppler as
recommended below, according to the maximum output power of the
communications equipment.

Rated maximum output power

of transmitter

(W)

Separation distance according to

frequency of transmitter (m)

80 MHz to 800

MHz

800 MHz to 2.5

GHz

0.01

0.1167

0.2334

0.1

0.3689

0.7378

1

1.1667

2.3334

10

3.6893

7.3786

100

11.6667

23.3334

For transmitters rated at a maximum output power not listed above, the
recommended separation distance d in meters (m) can be estimated using the
equation applicable to the frequency of the transmitter, where P is the
maximum output power rating of the transmitter in watts (W) according to the
transmitter manufacturer.

NOTE 1 At 80 MHz and 800 MHz, the separation distance for the higher
frequency range applies.
NOTE 2 These guidelines may not apply in all situations.
Electromagnetic propagation is affected by absorption and reflection from
structures, objects and people.

P

E

d













P

E

d













30

Appendix 3

Overall Sensitivity

Company Information

Website: www.temp-ir.com

Email: [e-mail]