Telit Wireless Solutions M868-TinyPlus User Manual

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TinyOne Plus 868MHz Terminal User Guide

1vv0300826 Rev.3 – 14/01/2011

TinyOne Plus 868MHz Terminal User Guide

1vv0300826 Rev.3 – 14/01/2011

This document is related to the following product :

TinyOne Plus 868MHz Terminal User Guide

1vv0300826 Rev.3 – 14/01/2011

DISCLAIMER

The information contained in this document is the proprietary information of Telit Communications S.p.A. and its affiliates (“TELIT”). The contents are confidential and any disclosure to persons other than the officers, employees, agents or subcontractors of the owner or licensee of this document, without the prior written consent of Telit, is strictly prohibited.

Telit makes every effort to ensure the quality of the information it makes available. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Telit does not make any warranty as to the information contained herein, and does not accept any liability for any injury, loss or damage of any kind incurred by use of or reliance upon the information.

Telit disclaims any and all responsibility for the application of the devices characterized in this document, and notes that the application of the device must comply with the safety standards of the applicable country, and where applicable, with the relevant wiring rules.

Telit reserves the right to make modifications, additions and deletions to this document due to typographical errors, inaccurate information, or improvements to programs and/or equipment at any time and without notice. Such changes will, nevertheless be incorporated into new editions of this document.

Copyright: Transmittal, reproduction, dissemination and/or editing of this document as well as utilization of its contents and communication thereof to others without express authorization are prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for payment of damages. All rights are reserved.

TinyOne Plus 868MHz Terminal User Guide

1vv0300826 Rev.3 – 14/01/2011

CONTENTS

CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION .....................................................................................................................................5

I.1. AIM OF THE DOCUMENT.................................................................................................................................................................................... 5

I.2. REFERENCE DOCUMENTS ................................................................................................................................................................................. 5

I.3. DOCUMENT CHANGE LOG ................................................................................................................................................................................. 6

I.4. GLOSSARY ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7

CHAPTER II. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS ...........................................................................................................8

II.1. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS .............................................................................................................................................................................. 8

II.2. TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICS ................................................................................................................................................................ 10

II.3. MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS ................................................................................................................................................................... 10

II.4. DC CHARACTERISTICS ................................................................................................................................................................................. 11

II.5. TIMING CHARACTERISTICS............................................................................................................................................................................ 11

II.6. FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS .................................................................................................................................................................... 12

II.7. DIGITAL CHARACTERISTICS........................................................................................................................................................................... 14

II.8. ORDERING INFORMATION .............................................................................................................................................................................. 15

CHAPTER III. MECHANICS AND CONNECTION.....................................................................................................16

III.1. MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS ................................................................................................................................................................. 16

III.2. CONNECTIONS ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 17

III.3. CABLES DESCRIPTION FOR IP67 CASING ..................................................................................................................................................... 18

CHAPTER IV. STANDARD FIRMWARE : DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONALITY............................................20

IV.1. CONFIGURATION MODE ............................................................................................................................................................................... 21

IV.2. OPERATING MODE....................................................................................................................................................................................... 23

IV.3. REGISTERS DETAILED USE .......................................................................................................................................................................... 25

IV.4. REGISTERS LIST .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 34

IV.5. CONFIGURATION EXAMPLE .......................................................................................................................................................................... 38

IV.6. MODEMS REFLASHING ................................................................................................................................................................................. 39

IV.7. CONFIGURATION AND DOWNLOAD OVER THE AIR (DOTA) ............................................................................................................................ 40

CHAPTER V. ANNEXES ............................................................................................................................................41

V.1. MODEMS’ INSTALLATION: PRINCIPLES AND CAUTIONS ..................................................................................................................................... 41

V.2. CONNECTION TO A RS422 OR RS485 INTERFACE .......................................................................................................................................... 42

V.3. ETSI 300 220-3 VERSION 1.3.1 STANDARDS (SUMMARY) ............................................................................................................................... 43

V.4. EXAMPLES OF PROPAGATION ATTENUATION ................................................................................................................................................... 46

V.5. DECLARATIONS OF COMPLIANCE ................................................................................................................................................................... 47

TinyOne Plus 868MHz Terminal User Guide

1vv0300826 Rev.3 – 14/01/2011

CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION

I.1. Aim of the Document

The aim of this document is to present the features and the application of M868-TinyPlus radio terminal. The characteristics will be described within three distinct chapters:

- "General characteristics" describes the electrical and mechanical characteristics.

- "Mechanics and connections" details the casing, connector, cabling and power supply.

- "Functionalities" lists the operating modes, registers and their use.

I.2. Reference documents

[1] EN 300 220-2 v2.1.2

ETSI Standards for SRD , June 2007

[2] ERC Rec 70-03

ERC Recommendation for SRD, June 2009

[3] 2002/95/EC

Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council, 27 January

2003

[4] TinyTools : User Manual

1vv0300824_Tiny Tools User Guide

[5] Mesh Lite : User Manual

1vv0300819_M_ONE Protocol Stack User Guide

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I.3. Document change log

RReevviissiioonn DDaattee

CChhaannggeess

ISSUE # 0 29/04/09 First Release ISSUE # 1 21/06/10 Updated: reference documents table, ERC 70-30 recommendation table

Added description of the behavior for internal LEDs ISSUE # 2 14/09/10 Removed Terminal variant with fixed antenna ISSUE # 3 14/01/11 Updated paragraph 3.1, Removed USB dongle

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I.4. Glossary

ACP

Adjacent Channel Power

BER

Bit Error Rate

Bits/s

Bits per second (1000 bits/s = 1Kbps)

CER

Character Error Rate

dBm

Power level in decibel milliwatt (10 log (P/1mW))

EMC

Electro Magnetic Compatibility

EPROM

Electrical Programmable Read Only Memory

ETR

ETSI Technical Report

ETSI

European Telecommunication Standard Institute

Frequency Modulation

FSK

Audio Frequency Shift Keying

GFSK

Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying

GMSK

Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying

Intermediary Frequency

ISM

Industrial, Scientific and Medical

kbps

kilobits/s

LBT

Listen Before Talk

LNA

Low Noise Amplifier

MHz

Mega Hertz (1 MHz = 1000 kHz)

PLL

Phase Lock Loop

PROM

Programmable Read Only Memory

NRZ

Non return to Zero

Radio Frequency

RoHS

Restriction of Hazardous Substances

RSSI

Receive Strength Signal Indicator

Reception

SRD

Short Range Device

Transmission

SMD

Surface Mounted Device

VCO

Voltage Controlled Oscillator

VCTCXO

Voltage Controlled and Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscillator

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CHAPTER II. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS

II.1. General Requirements

The M868-TinyPlus terminal is a multi channel radio modem, delivering up to 25 mW in the 868 MHz ISM band (unlicensed frequency band).

It allows ‘point-to-point’, `multipoint’ or ‘mesh’ functioning modes.

The “ERC recommendation 70-03” describes the different usable sub-bands in the 868 MHz license free band, in terms of bandwidth, maximum power, duty cycle and channel spacing. It gives the following limitations :

ERC recommendation 70-03

Band Frequency band

(MHz)

Maximum radiated

power (mW)

Channel spacing

(kHz)

Duty cycle

(%)

Annex1 g1 868.0 – 868.6 25 No channel spacing specified 1 Annex7 a 868.6 - 868.7 10 25 1 Annex1 g2 868.7 - 869.2 25 No channel spacing specified 0,1 Annex7 d 869.2 – 869.25 10 25 0.1 Annex7 b 869.25 – 869.3 10 25 0.1 Annex7 e 869.3 – 869.4 10 25 1 Annex1 g3 869.4 - 869.65 500 25 (for 1 or more channels) 10 Annex7 c 869.65 – 869.7 25 25 10 Annex1 g4 869.7 – 870.0 5 No channel spacing specified 100

This band is free to use but the terminal and the user must respect some limitations. Most of these restrictions are integrated in the conception of the terminal, except the duty cycle. For example, the 869.400 to 869.650 MHz band is limited to a 10% duty cycle. This means that each terminal is limited to a total transmit time of 6 minutes per hour. It is the responsibility of the user to respect the duty cycle.

Furthermore, the terminal complies with the ETSI 300-220 (specific for SRD). The main requirements are described in Appendix 1.

Finally, the terminal complies with the new European Directive 2002/95/EC concerning the Restrictive Usage of Hazardous Substances (RoHS).

 National Restrictions for non specific SR devices Annex 1 band g1-g4:

Country Restriction Reason/Remark

Band G1

Russian No info

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Federation

Band G3

Russian

Federation

No info

Band G4

Finland Audio not allowed

Hungary

Audio applications are

excluded

Russian

Federation

No info

 National Restrictions for non specific SR devices Annex 7 band a-e:

Country Restriction Reason/Remark

Band A

France Duty cycle limited to 0.1%

Russian

Federation

Limited implementation 868-868.2 MHz

Band B

Russian

Federation

No info

Band C

Russian

Federation

No info

Band D

Russian

Federation

No info

Band E

France Not implemented Greece Not implemented

Macedonia Not implemented Planned

Russian

Federation

No info

Sweden Not implemented

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II.2. Temperature Characteristics

Minimum Typical Maximum Unit

Operating

Temperature - 40 25 + 85 °C

Relative humidity 20 75 %

Storage

Temperature - 40 25 + 85 °C

Relative humidity 0 95 %

II.3. Mechanical Characteristics

Mechanical characteristics

Characteristics IP67 casing Unit

Material Aluminium

Connectors

Terminal blocks inside the casing.

Exit through cable gland

Dimensions

117 x 64 x 40

(without antenna)

Weight 300 g

Antenna length :

• Removable antenna

LEDs

No LEDs are available

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II.4. DC Characteristics

DC characteristics

Characteristics IP67 casing Unit

Power Supply +6 to +40 V

Transmission consumption (@25mW)

@6V : 60 @12V : 35 @40V : 15

Reception consumption

@6V : 30 @12V : 25 @40V : 10

Stand-by consumption 70 µA

II.5. Timing Characteristics

Characteristics Min. Typ. Max.

Power Up Sequence :

- 135 ms 150 ms

Stand by :

Enter in Hard Stand-by :

- 700 µs 900 µs

Enter in Serial Stand-by :

- 3.2 ms -

Wake Up from Hard Stand-by :

- 2.85 ms 3.0 ms

Wake Up from Serial Stand-by :

- 5.5 ms -

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II.6. Functional characteristics

The M868-tinyPlus functional characteristics depend on the RF data rate. 4 data rates are available : 4.8,

9.6, 19.2 or 38.4 kbps.

Frequency Sub-Band (MHz)

Band g1

868-

868.6

Band 7a

868.6-

868.7

Band g2

868.7-

869.2

Band 7d, 7b

& 7e

869.2-869.4

Band g3

869.4-

869.65

Band 7c

869.65-

869.7

Band g4

869.7870

Global

RF data rate : 4.8 kbps

Channel number

12 4 10 2, 2 & 4 10 2 6

Channel width (kHz)

50 25 50 25 25 25 50

Frequency Channel 0

868.025 868.6125 868.725 869.2125 869.4125 869.6625 869.725

Transmission

Output Power (under 50 Ω)

4 levels selectable by software (see Hayes command ATS202)

Max output power (mW)

25 10 25 10 25 25 5

Modulation

GFSK with ±5 kHz deviation

Reception

Sensitivity for CER<10

-3

-105 dBm (± 1dB) under 50Ω

Remaining CER

< 1.10

-6

Saturation for CER<10

-3

Up to -5 dBm under 50Ω

RF data rate : 9.6 kbps

Channel number

12 4 10 2, 2 & 4 10 2 6

Channel width (kHz)

50 25 50 25 25 25 50

Frequency Channel 0

868.025 868.6125 868.725 869.2125 869.4125 869.6625 869.725

Transmission

Output Power (under 50 Ω)

4 levels selectable by software (see Hayes command ATS202)

Max output power (mW)

25 10 25 10 10 10 5

Modulation

GFSK with ±10 kHz deviation

Reception Sensitivity

for CER<10

-3

-103 dBm (± 1dB) under 50 Ω

Remaining CER

< 1.10

-6

Saturation for CER<10

-3

Up to -5 dBm under 50

Ω

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Frequency Sub-Band (MHz)

Band 1f

868-

868.6

Band 7a

868.6-

868.7

Band 1g

868.7-

869.2

Band 7d, 7b

& 1h

869.2-869.4

Band 1i

869.4-

869.65

Band 7c

869.65-

869.7

Band 1k

869.7870

Global

RF data rate : 19.2 kbps

Channel number

6 None 5 None 1 None

Channel width (kHz)

100 - 100 - 100 - 100

Frequency Channel 0

868.05 - 868,75 - 869,525 - 869,75

Transmission

Output Power (under 50 Ω)

4 levels selectable by software (see Hayes command ATS202)

Max output power (mW)

25 25 25 5

Modulation

GFSK with ±20 kHz deviation

Reception

Sensitivity for CER<10

-3

-102 dBm (± 1dB) under 50

Ω

Remaining CER

< 1.10

-6

Saturation for CER<10

-3

Up to -5 dBm under 50

Ω

Radio Bit Rate : 38.4 kbps

Channel number

3 None 2 None 1 None 2

Channel width (kHz)

200 - 200 - 200 - 200

Frequency Channel

868,1 - 868,85 - 869,525 - 869,775

Transmission

Output Power (under 50 Ω)

4 levels selectable by software (see Hayes command ATS202)

Max output power (mW)

25 25 25 5

Modulation

GFSK with ±40 kHz deviation

Reception Sensitivity

for CER<10

-3

-100 dBm (± 1dB) under 50

Ω

Remaining CER

< 1.10

-6

Saturation for CER<10

-3

Up to -5 dBm under 50

Ω

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II.7. Digital Characteristics

Digital characteristics

Micro-controller

Micro-controller RISC 8 bits with Flash memory

Programming

• Through serial link

• Through the air (Download Over The Air)

RAM memory

2 Kbytes

Flash memory

16 Kbytes

Serial link characteristics

Characteristics IP67 casing

Serial link type

RS232 / 485 / 422

Serial speed

1200 to 115200 bits/s

Data bits

Stop bits

1 or 2

Parity

None, Even, Odd

Flow control type

None, Hardware (RTS/CTS), Software (Xon/Xoff)

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II.8. Ordering information

Select the desired options from the list below to identify the appropriate Telit part number you need.

Antenna option RA: Removable Antenna

Casing

67: Metallic IP67

M 868 – tinyPLUS / 40 – XX – XX – P

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CHAPTER III. MECHANICS AND CONNECTION

III.1. Mechanical Characteristics

• Mechanical Drawings for IP67 casing

117mm

64mm

40mm

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III.2. Connections

• IP67 casing

The terminal will communicate with the host through a cable connected to terminal blocks on the mother board inside the casing (orange part on the following drawing) :

¾ TxD, RxD: Serial link signals in RS232 format. TxD is for the data going out

of the Modem

while RxD is for the data coming into

the Modem. The logic '1' is represented by

signal between –3 and –15V.

¾ DTR: Stand-By signal into the Modem. Switches the Modem in Low-Power Mode ('1', -

15V to -3V) or in Normal Mode ('0', +3V to +15V).

¾ RS232/485: Used with the S215 Register, selects the type of serial link : open for RS232

(default, internal pull up 100 Kohms), GND for RS422 or RS485. Can be also made by RS232/485 switch.

¾ A, B, Y, Z : RS422/RS485 signals.

For RS422 use A (or Rx+), B (or Rx-), Y (or Tx+) and Z (or Tx-). For RS485, use only A (or D+) and B (or D-).

¾ CTS: Clear To Send: signal into the Modem. Indicates if the Modem can send serial data

to the User (Active on ‘0’, +3V to +15V) or not (Inactive on ‘1’, -15V to -3V).

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¾ RTS: Request To Send: signal going out of the Modem. Indicates that the user can

transmit serial data (Active on ‘0’, +3V to +15V) or not (Inactive on ‘1’, -15V to -3V). This signal switches when the serial reception buffer's filling rate reaches a programmable threshold (S218) or when the user finished transmitting serial data (out on Time-Out).

¾ 6-40V : 6 to 40 VDC power supply. There is no internal ON/OFF switch for the power

supply. The switch off capability should be external.

Internal LED:

- Green: informs about association (blinks when searching for association, stays ON when associated)

- Red: indicates data reception (blinks each 5 seconds when receiving beacon)

Note: In case of the S-One stack green LED indicated transmission.

III.3. Cables Description for IP67 Casing

The associated cable is connected to the terminal blocks of the mother board and goes out of the modem through a cable gland. The cable must be shielded and have an external diameter between 3.5 and 7mm. The conductors must have a cross section of 0.22mm² (24AWG).

Possible cable references:

Supplier Reference Description

NEXANS

SMBL07x0.22

7 conductors

ALPHA WIRE

5118C

8 conductors

TELIT

205.000.094

1 meter serial cable with subD-9 connector for RS232 and 2 points connector for power supply

• Case of RS-232

Connector

(8 points)

Name

Modem Side

Color

Name

PC/Automate Side

Connector

Sub-D

(9 points)

1 TxD (Transmit Data) Blue RxD (Receive Data) 2

2 RxD (Receive Data) White TxD (Transmit Data) 3

3 CTS (Clear To Send) Brown RTS (Request To Send) 7

4 RTS (Request To Send) Yellow CTS (Clear To Send) 8

5 DTR Green DTR 4

6 RS232/422-485 Orange

Open

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7 Gnd (ground) Black Gnd (ground) 5

8 Vcc (6 to 40v) Red Vcc (6to 40v)

• Case of RS-422:

Connector

(8 points)

Name

Modem Side

Color

Name

Automate Side

1 Z or Tx- (Transmit Data) Blue B or Rx- (Receive Data)

2 A or Rx+ (Receive Data) White Z or Tx+ (Transmit Data)

3 B or Rx- (Receive Data) Brown Y or Tx- (Transmit Data)

4 Y or Tx+ (Transmit Data) Yellow A or Rx+ (Receive Data)

5 DTR Green Open

6 RS232/422-485 Orange

GND (and S215=1)

7 Gnd (ground) Black Gnd (ground)

8 Vcc (6 to 40v) Red Vcc (6 to 40v)

• Case of the RS-485

Connector

(8 points)

Name

Modem Side

Color

Name

Automate Side

1 B (Data-) Blue B (Data-)

2 open White Open

3 open Brown Open

4 A (Data+) Yellow A (Data+)

5 DTR Green Open

6 RS232/422-485 Orange

GND (and S215=2)

7 Gnd (ground) Black Gnd (ground)

8 Vcc (6 to 40v) Red Vcc (6 to 40v)

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CHAPTER IV.

STANDARD FIRMWARE : DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONALITY

Telit terminals and boards are provided with an embedded software which allows to choose between different communication protocols and to play on numerous parameters.

M868-TinyPlus terminal is available with the following firmwares :

- S-ONE protocol stack:

o Standard firmware.; working in transparent or address secured mode..

- M-ONE protocol stack:

o Mesh Lite firmware, allowing mesh networking : refer to dedicated manual ([5]) for

detailed explanation.

This Chapter is dedicated to the S-ONE protocol stack.

NOTE: The available memory space on the terminal is limited and for this reason Standard and Telemetry firmware are available in the separate installation packages.

There are 2 different modes available for S-ONE protocol stack that are described in following paragraphs :

- The configuration mode which allows to parameter the terminal. It is set through the use of Hayes commands sent on the serial link.

- The operating mode which is the functional use for data transmission

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IV.1. Configuration Mode

Hayes or 'AT' commands complies with Hayes protocol used in PSTN terminal standards. This ‘AT’ protocol or Hayes mode is used to configure the terminal parameters, based on the following principles:

- A data frame always begins with the two ASCII ’AT’ characters, standing for ‘ATtention’

- Commands are coded over one or several characters and may include additional data

- A given command always ends up with a <CR> Carriage Return

A T Command Additional data <CR>

Note:

The delay between 2 characters of the same command must be less than 10 seconds

The only exception to this data-framing rule is the switching command from the operating/communication mode to ‘AT Mode’. In this case only, the escape code (‘+++’) must be started and followed by a silent time at least equal to the serial time out. In this case only <AT> and <CR> shall not be used.

Below is the complete list of the ‘AT’ commands available on the M868-TinyPlus terminal.

Command Description

+++

Hayes Mode Activation

‘+++’ command gives an instant access to the terminal’s parameters configuration mode (Hayes or AT mode), whatever the current operating mode in process might be. ‘+++’ command should be entered as one string, i.e. it should not be preceded by ‘AT’ and followed by <CR> but two silent times which duration is configurable via S214 register (Serial time-out). The time between two ‘+’ must not exceed the time-out value. Hayes mode inactivates radio functions.

ATO

Communication mode activation

‘ATO’ command gives an instant access to the terminal’s operating mode, configured in S220 register. ‘ATO’ command is used to get out of Hayes mode. Answer : OK or ERROR if the configuration is not complete

AT/V

Terminal’s firmware version

‘AT/V’ command displays the terminal’s firmware version number as follows:

Version <Product>: vX.YZn

AT/S

Terminal’s registers status

‘AT/S’ command displays status of all relevant registers of the terminal

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ATSn?

‘ATSn?’ command displays the content of Hayes register number n (Refer to the register description table). Some registers are standard for every Telit terminals while others are specific to some products. Answer : Sn=x<CR>

ATSn=m

‘ATSn=m’ command configures Hayes register number n with the value m, e.g. ATS200=4<CR> enters the value ‘4’ in the register S200. The value is automatically stored in the EEPROM memory. Answer : OK or ERROR

ATN

RSSI interrogation

‘ATN’ command runs the received RF level measurement. This RSSI reading is continuously displayed each second until a new character arrives on the serial link. 4 levels are available :

- ‘0’ : received level < -87dBm

- ‘1’ : received level between -87 and -82dBm

- ‘2’ : received level between -82 and -77dBm

- ‘3’ : received level > -77dBm

ATR

Parameters reset

‘ATR’ command resets all terminal’s parameters to their default values. Answer : OK

ATP

Stand By Activation

When serial stand by is set, the ‘ATP’ command put the terminal in stand by mode. To wake up the terminal, send a NULL (0x00) character.

ATBL

Switch to Bootloader

‘ATBL’ command escape from the main program and run the bootloader. This command is useful to update the firmware by serial or radio link. See the dedicated part for details.

Specific ‘AT’ commands have been integrated in order to make measurements in continuous mode. These commands are stopped by the sending of a character.

Command Description

ATT0 Pure carrier transmission at center frequency ATT1 Pure carrier transmission representing ‘0’ ATT2 Pure carrier transmission representing ‘1’ ATT3

Max modulated carrier transmission

ATT6

Min modulated carrier transmission

Note 1 : After an AT command (ended by <CR>), the serial link gives back result code, which is "OK” or "ERROR ".

Note 2 : "+++" command gives back OK.

These commands are effective after a maximum delay of 10 mS ; the back code OK indicates the good execution of the command, and another command can be sent right after the back code OK.

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IV.2. Operating Mode

There are 4 communication protocols available on the M868-TinyPlus terminal :

- Transparent mode : this is the default communication protocol of the terminal. The terminal transmits the data transparently, without encapsulation or addressing. It acts as a half duplex wired serial link (type RS485).

- Addressed Secured mode : it is a kind of multipoint network protocol. Each terminal can communicate with every terminal in the same network. All the frames are addressed, checked through a CRC and acknowledged.

- Downloader over the air : this is a specific communication protocol allowing re-flashing of remote terminal.

- Auto-repeat mode : this is a specific communication protocol in which the terminal sends back the frames it

has received (radio or serial) without echoing. It allows the user to easily test the terminal remotely.

For the classical communication protocols (Transparent and Addressed Secured), an additional functionality is available : LBT (Listen Before Talk). It means that the transmitting terminal will scan the radio link and verify it is free (no radio activity) before sending its data to avoid collision.

 Basic Illustration of Transparent mode

Terminal N°1 Terminal N°2

Terminal N°3

1 sends ABCD

<ABCD>

2 sends Hello

<Hello>

<in blue> : data sent

<in red> : data received

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 Basic Illustration of Addressed Secured mode

Terminal N°1 Terminal N°2

Terminal N°3

1 sends ABCD to 2

<2=ABCD>

<1=ABCD>

1 sends EFGH to 3 (with a retry)

<3=EFGH>

<1=EFGH>

ACK

3 sends Hello as Broadcast

<3=Hello>

<0=Hello>

 Basic Illustration of Addressed Secured mode with LBT

Terminal N°1 Terminal N°2

Terminal N°3

1 sends ABCD to 2 (radio link free)

<2=ABCD>

<1=ABCD>

1 sends EFGH to 3 (radio link not free)

<3=EFGH>

<1=EFGH>

Waiting time

ACK

<in blue> : data sent

<in red> : data received

Collision or error

LBT = OK

ACK

LBT = NOK

Waiting time

LBT = OK

ACK

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IV.3. Registers Detailed Use

The parameters to be configured via Hayes mode are stored in the terminal permanent memory, called S registers. Those registers are always listed as follow:

- S20x registers correspond to the radio parameters

- S21x registers correspond to the serial parameters

- S22x registers correspond to the operating parameters

- S24x registers correspond to the stand by parameters

- S25x registers correspond to the network parameters

 Radio Configuration

The Radio configuration is set via the S20x registers. Through them, you can:

ª Change radio channel : S200, ª Change the radio baud rate : S201, ª Change the radio Output Power : S202, ª Modify the carrier length : S204, ª Change Radio Frequency Sub-Band : S206.

The radio parameters are preferably set in the following order :

1. Radio baud rate : S201

This register allows changing the radio baud rate.

S201 value Radio baud rate

0 4.8 kbps 1 9.6 kbps 2 19.2 kbps

3 (default) 38.4 kbps

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2. Frequency Sub-band assignment : S206

This register sets the Frequency Sub-band used for the communication.

- At 4.8 and 9.6 kbps, the terminal can use any of 9 Sub-Bands (0 to 8), starting at 868 MHz and ending at 870 MHz.

S206 value Band Frequency Sub-Band

0 1f 868-868.6 MHz 1 7a 868.6-868.7 MHz 2 1g 868.7-869.2 MHz 3 7d 869.2-869.25 MHz 4 7b 869.25-869.3 MHz 5 1h 869.3-869.4 MHz 6 1i 869.4-869.65 MHz 7 7c 869.65-869.7 MHz 8 1k 869.7-870 MHz

- At 19.2 and 38.4 kbps, the terminal is limited with 4 Sub-Bands.

S206 value Band Frequency Sub-Band

0 1f 868-868.6 MHz 2 1g 868.7-869.2 MHz 6 1i 869.4-869.65 MHz 8 1k 869.7-870 MHz

Terminals must be on the same Sub-Band to communicate. The default value for this register is S206=0

3. Radio channel : S200

This register sets the radio channel used for the communication. For example, at 38.4 kbps on Sub-Band 0, the terminal can use any of 3 channels (0 to 2), spaced by 200 kHz.

Channel Frequency

0 868.100 MHz 1 868.300 MHz 2 868.500 MHz

Terminals must be on the same channel to communicate. The default value for this register is S200=0

If more than one group of M868-TinyPlus have to be present in the same area, each must be set to a different radio channel to be able to communicate without interference from the other groups. Each channel must be chosen as far as possible from the others to avoid inter channel interferences.

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4. Radio Output power : S202

The default value (in bold) is set to the maximum output power authorized in each Sub-Band.

Frequency SubBand

Band g1

868-868.6

Band 7a

868.6-868.7

Band g2

868.7-869.2

Band 7d,

7b & 7e

869.2-869.4

Band g3

869.4-

869.65

Band 7c

869.65-

869.7

Band g4

869.7-870

Radio Bit Rate : 4.8 Kbps

S202 Value

0: 1: 2:

1mW 3mW 8mW

25mW

0: 1:

1mW 3mW

8mW

0: 1: 2:

1mW 3mW 8mW

25mW

0: 1:

1mW 3mW

8mW

0: 1: 2:

1mW 3mW 8mW

25mW

0: 1: 2:

1mW 3mW 8mW

25mW

1mW

3mW

Radio Bit Rate : 9.6 Kbps

S202 Value

0: 1: 2:

1mW 3mW 8mW

25mW

0: 1:

1mW 3mW

8mW

0: 1: 2:

1mW 3mW 8mW

25mW

0: 1:

1mW 3mW

8mW

0: 1:

1mW 3mW

8mW

0: 1:

1mW 3mW

8mW

1mW

3mW

Radio Bit Rate : 19.2 Kbps & 38.4 Kbps

S202 Value

0: 1: 2:

1mW 3mW 8mW

25mW

0: 1: 2:

1mW 3mW 8mW

25mW

0: 1: 2:

1mW 3mW 8mW

25mW

1mW

3mW

5. Radio carrier length : S204

This register sets the duration (in milliseconds) of the radio carrier sent before the data. It serves as synchronization frame for the receiver(s). The default value is 8 milliseconds (S204=8).

Usually, this register isn’t modified. However, in some hostile environment (metallic parts, vibrations…) it can be raised to 20ms to have a more reliable synchronization. This will lower the over air throughput as it increase the non-data use of the radio.

6. Radio Whitening Character : S209

This register sets the value XOR with each character of the radio frame in order to avoid long sequences of 0s or 1s. If the user application sends frames containing series of 0x00 or 0xFF, the receiver can unsynchronized itself, thus the need for this whitening.

To mix a frame of these types, use a value of 170 (Hex : 0xAA , Bin : 10101010)

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 Serial link configuration

The serial link configuration is set via the S21x registers. Through them, you can:

ª Set the serial baud rate : S210, ª Set the parity : S212, ª Set the number of stop bits: S213, ª Set the serial time-out : S214, ª Set the serial link type : S215, ª Set the flow control type : S216,

After each modification in the serial settings, the M868-TinyPlus will answer ‘OK’ with the current configuration, and the changes will be effective immediately after.

The Serial parameters are preferably set in the following order :

1. Serial Baud rate : S210

This register selects the serial baud rate value. It is linked to the time-out register S214. They can be set with the following values :

S210 value Serial

baud rate

S214

minimum value

1 1 200 bps 17 2 2 400 bps 9 3 4 800 bps 5 4 9 600 bps 3

5 (default) 19 200 bps 2

6 38 400 bps 2 7 57 600 bps 2 8 115 200 bps 2

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2. Serial timeout : S214

The M868-TinyPlus is not able to know when a frame reception is finished on the serial link, but it needs this information to stop radio transmission in transparent mode, or to start sending data in the other modes.

This timeout is the indicator used to decide when the data frame is finished : if no character is received for a time equal to this timeout, the data frame is seen as finished and the terminal acts accordingly.

The default value is 5 milliseconds.

The Timeout value is of course in accordance with the serial baud rate : it must be at least equal to the length of 2 characters. See the table in the baud rate (S210) part of this chapter. For example, for a 19200 bps baud rate, the time to send 1 character (1 start bit + 8 data bits + 1 stop bit) is 521 µs, giving a squared up timeout value of 2 ms.

You can set a higher value to this timeout if you have some gaps in the sending of a frame.

3. Serial data format : S212 and S213

These registers set the format of the characters sent on the serial link :

ª S212 : Parity. It can take three values : '1' for No Parity, '2' for Even Parity, or '3' for Odd Parity. The

default value is ‘1’.

ª S213 : Number of Stop bits: 1 bit or 2 bits. Default value is ‘1’.

The settings for the available configurations are :

Format type Parity

S212

Stop Bits

S213

8/N/1 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit 1 1 8/E/1 8 data bits, even parity, 1 stop bit 2 1 8/O/1 8 data bits, odd parity, 1 stop bit 3 1

8/N/2 8 data bits, no parity, 2 stop bits 1 2 8/E/2 8 data bits, even parity, 2 stop bits 2 2 8/O/2 8 data bits, odd parity, 2 stop bits 3 2

7/N/2 7/E/1 7/O/1

These configurations are only possible in transparent using the

same settings as 8/N/1

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4. Serial type management (for IP67 terminal only) : S215

The M868-TinyPlus serial link can be configured to work in any of the 4 following modes:

- RS232 (S215=0, default value) : This is the standard full duplex serial link. It works on up to 5 signals (3 without flow control): RxD, TxD, RTS, CTS and GND, and uses +/-12V levels. It is the only serial link type allowing flow control.

- RS422 (S215=1) : Full duplex link on 4 wires(A,B,Y,Z) using voltage difference.

- RS485 (S215=2) : Half duplex link on 2 wires(A,B) using voltage difference.

- RS485-Full (S215=3) : Full duplex link on 4 wires(A,B,Y,Z) using voltage difference. Unlike the point-topoint RS422 protocol, it can be used for multipoint operations.

5. Flow control management : S216

In all the modes, the data coming from the serial link are stored in a buffer and then sent. Thus, it is necessary to have a flow control on the serial link to avoid a buffer overflow and the loss of data.

The M868-TinyPlus manages three types of flow control :

ª Hardware or CTS/RTS (S216=0) : the RTS signal from the M868-TinyPlus will authorize the host to

transmit data. The other way will be controlled by the CTS signal entering the terminal.

ª Software or Xon/Xoff (S216=1) : the M868-TinyPlus sends a Xoff character on the serial link to interrupt

the transmission from the host, and a Xon character to resume. This control will only work from the M868TinyPlus to the host.

ª None (S216=2, default) :the host must manage its outgoing data frames in order not to overflow the

buffer.

This flow control is available for our virtual RS232 serial link .

Note 1

: in Hayes mode, the flow control is not active so as to be able to modify these registers without locking the

serial link.

Note 2 : in Addressed Secured mode, the flow control works only by activating the default transmission address (S256 ≠ 0).

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 Operating Mode configuration

The Operating mode configuration is set via the S22x registers. Through them, you can:

ª Set the operating mode : S220, ª Set the number of retries: S223, ª Set the LBT: S226 ª Set the random waiting time : S227

The Operating Mode parameters are preferably set in the following order :

1. Operating Mode : S220

This is the most significant register : it tells how the M868-TinyPlus must run. The available operating modes are :

Value Mode

1 Transparent Mode (default)

9 Addressed Secured Mode

12 Downloader over the air 14 Auto-repeat Mode

2. LBT : S226

This register allows activating and setting up the LBT functionality. The LBT sensitivity refers to the detected RF level over which the RF link is considered as occupied.

Value LBT Comment

0 OFF (default) no LBT

1 ON with high sensitivity LBT with detection for RF >-87dBm 2 ON with medium sensitivity LBT with detection for RF >-82dBm 3 ON with low sensitivity LBT with detection for RF >-77dBm

3. Number of repetitions : S223

This register is used in Addressed Secured mode. It is the number of times the message will be repeated in case of non acknowledgement, or the number of times the terminal will try to send the message in case of the radio link is not free (when LBT functionality is activated).

This register is set to 2 as default. It is enough in most of the configurations.

4. Random waiting time : S227

This register activates a random waiting time before every radio transmission (except for acknowledge). When LBT functionality is ON, it is automatically activated. The random waiting time is comprised between 0 and 64mS.

S227 value Random Waiting Time

0 (default) OFF

1 ON

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 Network Configuration

The configuration to use the M868-TinyPlus in Addressed Secured mode is done with the S25x registers. Through them, you can:

ª Set the Network ID : S250, ª Set the Client Address : S252, ª Set the Network options : S255, ª Set a default address for transmission : S256.

The parameters are preferably set in the following order:

1. Network ID : S250

When in Addressed Secured operation, M868-TinyPlus terminals can communicate only if they are parts of the same ‘network’.

There can be up to 65535 networks defined, but only one can work in a given area in each radio channel. If you want to place more than one network in the same area, use different radio channels and not different network numbers.

The default value is 0.

2. Network Options : S255

When running in Addressed and Secured mode, this register contains the option flags used to configure the operation.

This register is a group of 4 flag bits :

Bits

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Name

- ACK 2B Ret - NH CR N°

ª Header (Bit 0, default 1) : if set to 1, the frames sent on the serial link will be preceded with a header

showing the sender address. This frame will be as follows, for each settings of the bit 2: ”1=data” if the header is ASCII ”<0x01>data” if the header is numeric If set to 0, the receiver will not know where the frame comes from

ª Carriage Return (Bit 1, default 0) : if set to 1, the frame sent on the serial link will be followed by a CR

character (<0x0D>).

ª Numeric Header (Bit 2, default 0) : Used when bit 0 is set to 1, it selects the type of header for

transmission or reception to ASCII (0) or numeric (1).

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ª Status answer (Bit 4, default 0) : defines if the M868-TinyPlus returns a transmission status after sending

a frame. If set to 1 (no answer), the terminal will give no information if the frame has been received on the remote side or not. If set to 1 (answer), it returns OK if the acknowledge has been received, ERROR otherwise.

2 bytes Numeric Header (Bit 5, default 0) : Used when bit 2 is set to 1, it defines if the numeric header is on 1 byte (0) for less than 255 terminals, or 2 bytes (1) for up to 65535 terminals. This bit has no effect if the header is ASCII (Bit 2 = 0). The frames sent and received will be as follows : "<0x01>Data" if this bit is set to 0 "<0x00><0x01>Data" if this bit 5 is set to 1

ACK (Bit 6, default 0) : Radio Acknowledge disable: if ‘1’, the radio Ack is disable and any secured radio frames are not acknowledged. This is useful when several clients have the same ID in a network.

3. Client Address: S252

The user can set a Client number between 1 and 65535. The client numbers must all be different in a network.

The default value is 0.

4. Default transmission Address: S256

If this register is different from 0, the frames received on the serial link will be sent to this address, without any header detection done.

This register is useful to set a Network-like system with up to 65534 clients and one server, and/or when the clients are not able to manage the frame header.

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IV.4. Registers List

Numbers in bold indicate the default value

Access Register Name Description

General

R S192 Serial Number Serial number of the terminal, the one present on

the sticker. Read-only register.

Radio

R/W S200 Channel Number of the radio channel in use, depend of the

Frequency Sub-Band used (Refer to § III.4)

Default : 0.

R/W S201 Radio Baud-Rate Indicates the radio link rate.

• 0 : 4.8 Kbits/s,

• 1 : 9.6 Kbits/s,

• 2 : 19.2 Kbits/s,

• 3 : 38.4 Kbits/s.

R/W S202 Output Power Radio power output in milliwatts, depend of the

Frequency Sub-Band used (Refer to § III.4).

• 0 : 1 mW,

• 1 : 3 mW,

• 2 : 8 mW,

• 3 : 25 mW.

R/W S204 Radio Carrier Length Indicates the radio carrier length in milliseconds.

This carrier is sent before each data frame and is used to synchronize the receiver. Between 5 and 60mS. Default : 8 ms.

R/W S206 Frequency Sub-

Band

Indicates the frequency Sub-Band in use (Refer to § III.4). Between 0 and 8.

R/W S209 Radio Whitening

Character

Indicates the XOR value for radio data. Between 0 and 255.

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Access Register Name Description

Serial Link

R/W

S210 Serial Speed. Indicates the speed on the Serial Connection

'1': 1200 bits/s '5': 19200 bits/s '2': 2400 bits/s '6' : 38400 bits/s '3': 4800 bits/s ‘7’ : 57600 bits/s '4': 9600 bits/s ‘8’ : 115200 bits/s

The time out value must be compatible with the serial speed:

Min. time-out

(S214)

Serial Speed

(S210)

17 ms 1200 bits/s 9 ms 2400 bits/s 5 ms 4800 bits/s 3 ms 9600 bits/s 2 ms 19200 bits/s

R/W S212 Parity Serial Link Parity Type:

• '1': None (default) ,

• '2': Even,

• '3': Odd.

R/W S213 Number of Stop

bits

Serial Link Stop Bits :

• 1 bit (default),

• 2 bits.

R/W S214 Serial Link Time

Out

Indicates the value of the time-out on the serial link. The time out value must be compatible with the serial speed: (see S210 register description). Between 2 and 100 milliseconds

Default : 5.

R/W S215 Serial type Selects the type of serial link used:

'0' : RS232

'1' : RS422 '2' : RS485 '3' : RS485 full duplex This functionality is for IP67 terminal only. The selection between RS232 and the other modes is done with the RS232/RS485 hardware signal (pin 6 on the terminal blocks) or through the switch

R/W S216 Flow Control Indicates flow control type:

• '0': Hardware: CTS/RTS

• '1': Software: Xon/Xoff

• '2': None (default)

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Access Register Name Description

Operation

R/W S220 Function Mode Operating mode of the Terminal :

• '1' : Transparent

• '9' : Addressed Secured

• ‘12’ : Downloader over the air

• ‘14’ : Auto-repeat

R/W S223 Number of Retries Number of retries in case of non-Ack response to a

message (addressed secured mode) mode, or in case of non free radio link (LBT). Included between 0 and 255 (255 means retry until success).

Default value: 2

R/W S226 LBT LBT ON / OFF, and sensitivity

• ‘0’ : OFF

• ‘1’ : ON with high sensitivity

• ‘2’ : ON with medium sensitivity

• ‘3’ : ON with low sensitivity

R/W S227 Random Waiting

Time

Random waiting Time ON / OFF

• ‘0’ : OFF

• ‘1’ : ON

Low Power

R/W S240 Type of Low-power Indicates whether the low power control pin is used or not

• ‘0’: No Low Power (default)

• ‘1’: Stand-By activated by Hardware pin

• ‘2’: Stand-By activated by Serial

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Access Register Name Description

Network Control

R/W S250 Network ID Network Number on 2 Bytes.

Default : 0

R/W S252 Client Number Client Number on 2 Bytes.

Between 0 and 65535.

Default : 0

R/W S255 Network Options Indicates the Network options. 4 bits are used :

Default value : 01.

¾ Bit 'N°': indicates whether the received frame begins with the Client ID

(1) or not (0).

¾ Bit 'CR': indicates whether the received frame ends with the ‘Carriage

Return’ character (0x0D) (1) or not (0).

¾ Bit 'NH': indicates whether the format in Transmission (and in

reception, if the Bit 'N°' is activated) is ASCII (1=Data) (0) or Numeric (<0x01>Data) (1).

¾ Bit 'Ret': Indicates if the ‘OK’ should be returned after each radio

transmission (0) or not (1).

¾ Bit '2B': In case of a Numeric Header (bit 'NH'=1) indicates if the

header is on 1 bytes (0) or 2 bytes (1). Used if you have more than 255 terminals in your system.

¾ Bit ‘/ACK’ : Disable the radio acknowledgement (1) or enable

(0).

Bits

6 5 4 3 2 1 0

ACK

Ret - NH CR N°

R/W S256 Default Address Indicates the default address to which every radio frame

will be sent. Default : 0 (inactive)

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IV.5. Configuration Example

We will describe in this paragraph how to parameter the terminals in order to set up 2 different Addressed Secured configurations :

- One classical configuration where all the terminals in the network can communicate to each others.

- One specific configuration equivalent to a Client/Server configuration, also called “Star” network,

where communications are able only between the Server and the Clients.

CLASSICAL CLIENT/SERVER

All Server Clients

ATS220=9 ATS220=9 ATS220=9 ATS223=X (up to customer choice)

ATS223=X (up to customer choice)

ATS223=X

(up to customer choice) ATS226=X (up to customer choice)

ATS226=1, 2 or 3 (up to customer choice)

ATS226=1, 2 or 3

(up to customer choice) ATS227=X (up to customer choice)

ATS227=1 ATS227=1

ATS250≠0 ATS250≠0 ATS250≠0 ATS252=1 to N ATS252=255 or 65535 ATS252=1 to N

except 255 or 65535 ATS255=’0X0X00X1’ (in binary)

ATS255=’000X00X1’ (in binary)

ATS255=’000X00X1’

(in binary) ATS256=X (up to customer choice)

ATS256=0 ATS256=255 or 65535

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IV.6. Modems reflashing

M868-TinyPlus terminals are re-flashable through the serial link.

To reflash the modem, switch off the power supply, open the casing, put the “PROG” switch on “ON” position, and switch on the power supply. Then, a specific software tool “TinyTools” is necessary. Refer to its user manual ([4]) for detailed explanation.

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IV.7. Configuration and Download Over The Air (DOTA)

TinyPlus terminal includes the new DOTA functionality. This function is able to change or update the firmware of a remote terminal, using a local terminal. In this application, the new firmware is sent through the radio link to another device without the need of any hardware intervention on the remote device. All steps of the process can be done from a local radio terminal connected to a computer.

Firmware or settings are sent through the air without any access to the remote device

Hardly accessible remote terminal to be updated or configured

Local terminal

Completing DOTA, the configuration over the air functionality gives access to the Hayes mode of a remote terminal. Thanks to it, you can adjust all the settings of a terminal without physical access to it.

Both functionalities are available through a specific software tool “TinyTools”. Refer to its user manual ([4]) for detailed explanation.

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CHAPTER V. ANNEXES

V.1. Modems’ Installation: Principles and cautions

¾ You must use the power supply and serial cable provided by Telit with the modem. Take care of

the polarity for the power supply connection (red wire +Vcc, black wire GND).

¾ The ON/OFF switching capability of the power supply is external to the modem.

¾ The radio environment should be closely studied prior to any installation with a spectrum analyzer

in order to determine whether and where the installation will be optimal.

¾ In case of outdoor installations, IP casings are recommended.

¾ In case of a ceiling installation, the modem should be mounted upside down for a better radiation

¾ A 1 m distance between two modems should be respected under 25 mW power output, at least 2

m at 100 mW and 3 m at 500 mW.

¾ The modems should be located as high and as free as possible so that a line of sight propagation

is established between modems.

¾ The modem should not be surrounded by metallic masses because of the disturbances caused

by a reflection phenomena.

¾ The electrical disturbances can come from various sources and should be avoided

o Engines o High current devices o Power relays, transformers o Etc...

¾ The radio disturbances should also be avoided:

o System in the same frequency band such as cars remote control systems. o Systems in a nearby frequency band such as high power (2 W) talkie-walkie systems.

¾ Vibrations and/or shocks can also be source of disturbances. It is therefore advised to mount the

modems in silent-blocks in order to stabilize it whenever necessary.

¾ Distances, obstacles and weather conditions can strongly affect radio communications and cause

disturbances as well as communication breakdowns.

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V.2. Connection to a RS422 or RS485 interface

M868-TinyPlus terminal is configured in RS232 mode by default : it allows to directly connect it on a PC serial port.

To configure the terminal in RS422 or RS485 mode :

ª Go to Hayes Mode and configure S215 Register : set to '2' for RS485 and to '1' for RS422.

ª Power Off the terminal.

ª Connect RS485 or RS422 serial link to the terminal.

ª Connect RS232/422 pin to GND or set RS232/485 switch to RS485 side.

ª Power On the terminal.

NOTE: if you Power off Board and set RS232/422 pin open, RS485/RS422 is inactivate and RS232 is activate.

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V.3. ETSI 300 220-3 Version 1.3.1 standards (summary)

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V.4. Examples of propagation attenuation

433 MHz 868 MHz 2.4 GHz

Factor

Loss Attenuation Loss Attenuation Loss Attenuation

Open office 0 % 0 dB 0 % 0 dB 0 % 0 dB Window < 5 % < 1 dB 15 % 1 – 2 dB 30 % 3 dB Thin wall (plaster) 25 % 3 dB 35 % 3 – 4 dB 50 % 5 – 8 dB Medium wall (wood) 40 % 4 – 6 dB 50 % 5 – 8 dB 70 % 10 – 12 dB Thick wall (concrete) 50 % 5 – 8 dB 60 % 9 – 11 dB 85 % 15 – 20 dB Armoured wall (reinforced concrete) 70 % 10 – 12 dB 80 % 12 – 15 dB 90 % 20 – 25 dB Floor or ceiling 50 % 5 – 8 dB 60 % 9 – 11 dB 85 % 15 – 20 dB Armoured floor or ceiling 70 % 10 – 12 dB 80 % 12 – 15 dB 90 % 20 – 25 dB Rain and/or Fog 90 % 20 – 25 dB 95 % 25 – 30 dB ?? * ?? *

* = Attenuations increase along with the frequency. In some cases, it

is therefore difficult to determine loss and attenuation value.

Note = The table above is only indicative. The real values will depend on

the installation environment itself.

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V.5. Declarations of Compliance

Telit Wireless Solutions M868-TinyPlus User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual