Teledyne LeCroy T3AFG40 User manual

User Manual

T3AFG40-80-120 Series Function/Arbitrary Waveform

Generator

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Declaration

Copyright © Teledyne Test Tools. All rights reserved. Without permission,

contents in this manual are not allowed to be copied, extracted or translated.

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General Safety Summary

Carefully read the following safety precautions to avoid any personal injuries or

damages to the instrument and any product connected to it. To avoid potential

hazards, please use the instrument as specified.

Only qualified technical personnel should service this instrument.

Avoid fire or open flame.

Use properly rated power line connections.

Use only the specified power line which has been approved by your local

regulatory agency.

Ground the Instrument.

The instrument is grounded through the protective ground conductor of the

power line. To avoid electric shock, the ground conductor must be connected

to the earth ground. Make sure the instrument is grounded correctly before

connecting its input or output terminals.

Connect the signal wire correctly.

The potential of the signal wire ground is equal to the earth, therefore do not

connect the signal wire to a high voltage. Do not touch the exposed contacts or

components.

Observe all terminal ratings.

To avoid fire or electric shock, please observe all ratings and sign instructions

on the instrument. Before connecting the instrument, please read the manual

carefully to gain more information about the ratings.

Do not operate with suspected failures.

If you suspect that the product is damaged, please let only qualified service

personnel check it.

Avoid circuit or wire exposure.

Do not touch exposed contacts or components when the power is on.

Do not operate in wet/damp conditions.

Do not operate in an explosive atmosphere.

Keep the surface of the instrument clean and dry.

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This electronic product is subject to disposal and recycling regulations

that vary by country and region. Many countries prohibit the disposal

of waste electronic equipment in standard waste receptacles. For more

information about proper disposal and recycling of your Teledyne

LeCroy product,

Terms and Symbols

The following symbols appear on the product or in its documentation:

WARNING

High Voltage. Risk of electric shock or burn.

WARNING or CAUTION Condition or practice could result in injury or

loss of life, or damage to equipment.

DOUBLE INSULATION

PROTECTIVE (EARTH) TERMINAL

Rated for indoor use only. Do not operate where conductive pollutants

may be present.

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Introduction of T3AFG40-80-120

The manual covers the following 3 models of the T3AFG Series

Function/Arbitrary Waveform Generators: T3AFG40, T3AFG80 and T3AFG120.

The T3AFG is a series of dual-channel function/arbitrary waveform generators

with specifications of up to 120MHz maximum bandwidth, 1.2GSa/s sampling

rate and 16-bit vertical resolution. The proprietary architecture help to solve the

weaknesses inherent in traditional DDS generators when generating arbitrary,

square and pulse waveforms. Using these techniques the T3AFG provides users

with a variety of high fidelity, low jitter signals in order to meet the growing

requirements for a multitude of complex applications.

Key Features

Dual-channel, 120MHz maximum bandwidth, 20Vpp maximum output

amplitude, output with 80dB dynamic range

High-performance sampling system with 1.2GSa/s sampling rate and 16-

bit vertical resolution. No detail in your waveforms will be lost.

Innovative technology, based on a point-by-point architecture, supports

any 8pts~8Mpts Arb waveform with a sampling rate in range of

1μSa/s~75MSa/s

Innovative technology, capable of generating lower jitter Square or Pulse

waveforms, brings a wide range and extremely high precision in pulse width

and rise/fall times adjustment

A variety of analog and digital modulation types: AM DSB-AM FM PM

FSK ASK PSK and PWM

Sweep and Burst functions

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Harmonic waveforms generating function

Waveforms combining function

High precision Frequency Counter

196 kinds of built-in arbitrary waveforms

Standard interfaces: USB Host, USB Device USBTMC , LAN VXI-11

Optional interface: GPIB

4.3‖ touch screen display for easier operation

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Catalog

General Safety Summary ............................................................................... III

Introduction of T3AFG40-80-120 .................................................................... V

1 Quick Start ................................................................................................1

1.1 Handle Adjustment .......................................................................2

1.2 The Front/Rear Panel ...................................................................3

1.3 To Select a Waveform................................................................... 8

1.4 To Set Modulation/Sweep/Burst.................................................. 12

1.5 To Turn On/Off Output ................................................................ 14

1.6 To Use Numeric Input.................................................................15

1.7 To Use Common Function Keys ................................................. 16

2 Front Panel Operations...........................................................................17

2.1 To Set Sine Waveform................................................................18

2.2 To Set Square Waveform............................................................ 23

2.3 To Set Ramp Waveform.............................................................. 26

2.4 To Set Pulse Waveform .............................................................. 28

2.5 To Set Noise Waveform .............................................................. 32

2.6 To Set DC Waveform..................................................................36

2.7 To Set Arbitrary Waveform.......................................................... 37

2.8 To Set Harmonic Function ..........................................................48

2.9 To Set Modulation Function........................................................ 51

2.9.1 AM........................................................................................ 52

2.9.2 DSB-AM ............................................................................... 55

2.9.3 FM............................................................... ......................... 57

2.9.4 PM........................................................................................ 59

2.9.5 FSK ...................................................................................... 61

2.9.6 ASK.............................................................. ........................ 63

2.9.7 PSK.............................................................. ........................ 64

2.9.8 PWM .................................................................................... 66

2.10 To Set Sweep Function...............................................................69

2.11 To Set Burst Function ................................................................. 74

2.12 To Store and Recall ....................................................................80

2.12.1 Storage System ............................................................. 81

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2.12.2 File Type ........................................................................ 82

2.12.3 File Operation ................................................................84

2.13 To Set Utility Function................................................................. 88

2.13.1 System Settings ............................................................. 90

2.13.2 Test/Cal..........................................................................98

2.13.3 Frequency Counter ..................................................... 103

2.13.4 Output ..........................................................................106

2.13.5 CH Copy/Coupling ....................................................... 109

2.13.6 Remote Interface ......................................................... 114

2.13.7 Sync Output .................................................................120

2.13.8 Clock Source................................................................ 122

2.13.9 Mode ............................................................................ 123

2.13.10 Overvoltage Protection................................................. 125

3 Examples ............................................................................................. 126

3.1 Example 1: Generate a Sine Waveform ...................................127

3.2 Example 2: Generate a Square Waveform ...............................129

3.3 Example 3: Generate a Ramp Waveform.................................131

3.4 Example 4: Generate a Pulse Waveform.................................. 133

3.5 Example 5: Generate a Noise .................................................. 135

3.6 Example 6: Generate a DC Waveform ..................................... 136

3.7 Example 7: Generate a Linear Sweep Waveform......................137

3.8 Example 8: Generate a Burst Waveform ..................................139

3.9 Example 9: Generate an AM Modulation Waveform................. 141

3.10 Example 10: Generate a FM Modulation Waveform................. 143

3.11 Example 11: Generate a PM Modulation Waveform.................145

3.12 Example 12: Generate a FSK Modulation Waveform ...............147

3.13 Example 13: Generate an ASK Modulation Waveform ............. 149

3.14 Example 14: Generate a PSK Modulation Waveform...............151

3.15 Example 15: Generate a PWM Modulation Waveform .............153

3.16 Example 16: Generate a DSB-AM Modulation Waveform ........ 155

4 Troubleshooting .................................................................................... 157

4.1 General Inspecting ....................................................................157

4.2 Troubleshooting........................................................................158

5 Service and Support .............................................................................159

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5.1 Maintenance summary ............................................................. 159

5.2 Contact Teledyne Test Tools ................................................... 160

6 Appendix ............................................................................................... 161

Appendix A: Accessories......................................................................161

Appendix B: Daily Maintenance and Cleaning ..................................... 162

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IX

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1 Quick Start

This chapter covers the following topics:

l Handle Adjustment

l The Front/Rear Panel

l To Select a Waveform

l To Set Modulation/Sweep/Burst

l To Turn On/Off Output

l To Use Numeric Input

l To Use Common Function Keys

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1.1 Handle Adjustment

To adjust the handle position of T3AFG, please grip the handle by the sides and

pull it outward. Then, make the handle rotate to the desired position.

Figure 1-1 Viewing Position and Carrying Position

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1.2 The Front/Rear Panel

This chapter will provide a brief introduction and description for the operation

and functions of the front/rear panel.

Front Panel

The T3AFG has a clear and simple front panel which includes 4.3 inch touch

screen, menu softkeys, numeric keyboard, knob, function keys, arrow keys, and

channel control area, etc.

USB

Host

Power

Key

User Interface

Menu

Softkeys

Numeric Keyboard

Function

Keys

Arrow

Keys

Channel
Control

Figure 1-2 Front Panel of T3AFG40-80-120

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Rear Panel

The rear panel provides multiple interfaces, including Counter, 10MHz In/Out,

Aux In/Out, LAN, USB Device, Earth Terminal and AC Power Supply Input.

10 MHz Clock Input/Output

Aux

Counter

In/Out

Earth Terminal

LAN Interface USB Device

Figure 1-3 Rear Panel of T3AFG40-80-120

AC Power Supply

Input

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Touch Screen Display

The T3AFG40-120 can only display parameters and waveform of one channel

at a time. The picture below shows the interface when CH1 chooses AM

modulation of sine waveform. The information displayed may vary depending

on the function selected.

The entire screen of the T3AFG40-120 is a touch screen. You can use your

figure or touch pen to control the instrument. Most functions and selections can

be chosen using the touch screen in a similar manner to the front panel keys

and knob.

1 2

8 7 6 5

Figure 1-4 Touch Screen Display

1. Waveform Display Area

Displays the currently selected waveform of each channel.

2. Channel Status Bar

3

4

Indicates the selected status and output configuration of the channels.

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3. Basic Waveform Parameters Area

Shows the current waveform‘s parameters of each channel. Press Parameter

and select the corresponding softkey to highlight the parameter to configure.

Then use number keys or knob to change the parameter value.

4. Channel Parameters Area

Displays the load and output settings of the currently selected channel.

Load ----Value of the output load, as selected by the user.

Press Utility → Output → Load, then use the softkeys, number keys or knob to

change the parameter value; or continue pressing the corresponding output

key for two second to switch between High Impedance and 50Ω.

High Impedance: display HiZ.

Load: display impedance value (the default is 50Ω and the range is 50Ω to

100kΩ).

Note: This setting does not actually change the instrument‘s output impedance

of 50Ω but rather is used to maintain amplitude accuracy into different load

values.

Output ----Channel output state.

After pressing corresponding channel output control port, the current channel

can be turned on/off.

5. LAN Status Icon

T3AFG40-120 will show different prompt messages based on the current

network status.

This mark indicates LAN connection is successful.

This mark indicates there is no LAN connection or LAN connection is

unsuccessful.

6. Mode Icon

T3AFG40-120 will show different prompt messages based on the current
mode.

This mark indicates current mode is Phase-locked.

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This mark indicates current mode is Independent.

7. Menu

Shows the menu corresponding to the displayed function. For example, Figure

1-4 Touch Screen Display shows the parameters of ―AM modulation‖.

8. Modulation Parameters Area

Shows the parameters of the current modulation function. After selecting the

corresponding menu, use number keys or knob to change the parameter value.

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1.3 To Select a Waveform

Press Waveforms to enter the menu as Figure 1-5 shows. The example below

will help familiarize with the waveform selection settings.

Figure 1-5 Waveform Selections

1. Press Waveforms key and then press Sine softkey. The T3AFG40-120

can generate sine waveforms with frequencies from 1μHz to 120MHz. By

setting Frequency/Period, Amplitude/High level, Offset/Low level and

Phase, a sine signal with different parameters can be generated.

Figure 1-6 Sine Display Interface

2. Press Waveforms key and then press Square softkey. The generator can

generate square waveforms with frequencies from 1μHz to 25MHz and

variable duty cycle. By setting Frequency/Period, Amplitude/High level,

Offset/Low level, Phase and DutyCycle, a square waveform with different

parameters can be generated.

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Figure 1-7 Square Display Interface

3. Press Waveforms key and then press Ramp softkey. The generator can

generate ramp waveforms with frequencies from 1μHz to 1MHz and variable

symmetry. By setting Frequency/Period, Amplitude/High level, Offset/Low

level, Phase and Symmetry, a ramp waveform with different parameters can

be generated.

Figure 1-8 Ramp Display Interface

4. Press Waveforms key and then press Pulse softkey. The generator can

generate pulse waveforms with frequencies from 1μHz to 25 MHz and

variable pulse width and rise/fall times. By setting Frequency/Period,

Amplitude/High level, Offset/Low level, PulWidth/Duty, Rise/Fall and Delay,

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a pulse waveform with different parameters can be generated.

Figure 1-9 Pulse Display Interface

5. Press Waveforms key and then press Noise softkey. The generator can

generate noise with bandwidth from 20MHz to 120MHz. By setting Stdev

and Mean, noise with different parameters can be generated.

Figure 1-10 Noise Display Interface

6. Press Waveforms key and then press Page 1/2, last press the DC softkey.

The generator can generate a DC signal with a level up to ±10V into a

HighZ load or ±5V into a 50Ω load.

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Figure 1-11 DC Display Interface

7. Press Waveforms key and then press Page 1/2, last press the Arb softkey.

The generator can generate repeatable arbitrary waveforms with length from

8 to 8M points and frequencies up to 20MHz. By setting Frequency/Period,

Amplitude/High level, Offset/Low level, Phase and Arb Mode, an arbitrary

signal with different parameters can be generated.

Figure 1-12 Arbitrary Waveform Display Interface

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1.4 To Set Modulation/Sweep/Burst

As shown in Figure 1-13, there are three keys on the front panel which are used

for modulation, sweep and burst settings. The instructions below will help to

explain these functions.

Figure 1-13 Modulate/Sweep/Burst Key

1. Press Mod, the Modulation function will be enabled.

The modulated waveform can be changed by modifying the parameters such

as Type, Source, AM Depth, AM Freq, Shape, etc. The T3AFG40-120 can

modulate waveforms using AM, FM, PM, ASK, FSK, PSK, PWM and DSB-AM,

etc. Pulse waveforms can only be modulated using PWM. Noise and DC

waveforms cannot be modulated.

Figure 1-14 Modulation Display Interface

2. Press Sweep, the Sweep function will be enabled.

Sine, square, ramp and arbitrary waveforms support the sweep function. In

sweep mode, the T3AFG40-120 can generate signals with variable frequency.

The available range of sweep time is from 1ms to 500s. The trigger source can

be ―Internal‖, ―External‖ or ―Manual‖.

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Figure 1-15 Sweep Waveform Display Interface

3. Press Burst, the Burst function will be enabled.

Burst signals for sine, square, ramp, pulse or arbitrary waveforms may be

generated. Start Phase ranges from 0° to 360° and Burst Period ranges from

1μs to 1000s.

Figure 1-16 Burst Waveform Display Interface

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1.5 To Turn On/Off Output

As shown in Figure 1-17 there are two keys on the right side of the operation

panel which are used to enable / disable the output of the two channels. Choose

a channel and press the corresponding Output key, the key backlight

will be lighted and the output will be enabled. Press the Output key again, the

key backlight will be extinguished and the output will be disabled.

Keep pressing the corresponding output key for two seconds to switch between

High Impedance and 50Ω load.

Figure 1-17 Output Keys

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1.6 To Use Numeric Input

As shown in Figure 1-18, there are three sets of keys on the front panel, which

are arrow keys, knob and numeric keyboard. The instructions below will help to

familiarize you with the digital input selection.

Figure 1-18 Front Panel Digital Input

1. The numeric keyboard is used to enter the parameter‘s value.

2. The knob is used to increase (clockwise) or decrease (counterclockwise)

the current digit when setting parameters

3. When using knob to set parameters, the arrow keys are used to select the

digit to be modified; When using numeric keyboard to set parameters, the

left arrow key is used as a Backspace function.

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1.7 To Use Common Function Keys

As shown in Figure 1-19, there are five keys on the operation panel, which are

labelled Parameter, Utility, Store/Recall, Waveforms, and Ch1/Ch2. The

instructions below will help to familiarize you with these functions.

Figure 1-19 Waveforms Utility and Parameter Key

1. The Parameter key makes it convenient for the operator to set the

parameters of basic waveforms directly.

2. The Utility key is used to set the auxiliary system function, such as output

configurations, interface setting, system setting information, performing the

instrument self-test and reading the calibration information, etc.

3. The Store/Recall key is used to store and recall waveform data and

configuration information.

4. The Waveforms key is used to select basic waveforms.

5. The Ch1/Ch2 key is used to switch the currently selected channel

between CH1 and CH2. After start-up, CH1 is selected as default. At this

point, press the key to select CH2.

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2 Front Panel Operations

Up to now, you have got a brief understanding about T3AFG40-120 with the

front/rear panel, every function control area and keys. You should also know

how to set your Function/Arbitrary Waveform Generator for your usage. If you

are not familiar with these operations, you are suggested to read chapter one

‗Quick Start‘ again.

This chapter covers the following topics:

l To Set Sine

l To Set Square

l To Set Ramp

l To Set Pulse

l To Set Noise

l To Set DC

l To Set Arbitrary

l To Set Harmonic Function

l To Set Modulation Function

l To Set Sweep Function

l To Set Burst Function

l To Store and Recall

l To Set Utility Function

It is recommended that you read this chapter carefully so as to understand the

T3AFG40-120‘s versatile waveform setting functions and additional operation

methods.

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2.1 To Set Sine Waveform

Press Waveforms key to select the waveform function and then press the Sine

softkey. The sine waveform parameters are set by using the sine operation

menu.

The parameters available for sine waveforms include frequency/period,

amplitude/high level, offset/low level and phase. Different sine signals can be

generated by setting these parameters. As shown in Figure 2-1, in the soft key

menu, select Frequency. The frequency parameter area is highlighted in the

parameter display window, and users can set the frequency value here.

Figure 2-1 Sine Parameters Display Interface

Table 2-1 Menu Explanations of Sine Waveform

Function Menu Explanations

Frequency / Period Set the signal frequency or period;

The current parameter will be switched at a second press.

Amplitude / HighLevel Set the signal amplitude or high level;

The current parameter will be switched at a second press.

Offset / LowLevel Set the signal offset or low level;

The current parameter will be switched at a second press.

Phase Set the phase of the signal.

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To Set the Frequency/Period

Frequency is one of the most important parameters of basic waveforms. For

different instrument models and waveforms, the available ranges of frequency

are different. For detailed information, please refer to the T3AFG40-120

Datasheet. The default frequency is 1kHz.

1. Press Waveforms → Sine → Frequency, to set the frequency parameter.

The frequency shown on the screen when the instrument is powered on is the

default value or the set value of last power down. If Period (rather than

Frequency) is the desired parameter, press Frequency/Period again to enter

the Period mode. The current value for the waveform‘s period is now displayed

in inverse color. Press the Frequency/Period key once again to return to the

Frequency entry mode.

2. Input the desired frequency.

Use the numeric keyboard to input the parameter value directly, and press the

corresponding key to select the parameter unit. Or use the arrow keys to select

the digit to edit, and then use the knob to change its value.

Figure 2-2 Setting the Frequency

Note:

When using the numeric keyboard to enter the value, the left arrow key can be

used to move the cursor backward and delete the value of the previous digit.

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To Set the Amplitude

The amplitude setting range is limited by the “Load” and “Frequency/Period”

settings. For detailed information, please refer to the T3AFG40-120 Datasheet.

1. Press Waveforms → Sine → Amplitude, to set the amplitude.

The amplitude shown on the screen when the instrument is powered on is the

default value or the set value of last power down. If setting the waveform‘s high

level is desired, press the Amplitude/HighLevel key again to switch into the high

level parameter (the current operation is displayed in inverse color).

2. Input the desired amplitude.

Use the numeric keyboard to input the parameter value directly, and press the

corresponding key to select the parameter unit. Or use the arrow keys to select

the digit to edit, and then use the knob to change its value.

Figure 2-3 Setting the Amplitude

To Set the Offset

The offset setting range is limited by the “Load” and “Amplitude/HighLevel”

settings. For detailed information, please refer to the T3AFG40-120 Datasheet.

The default value is 0Vdc.

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1. Press Waveforms → Sine → Offset, to set the offset.

The offset shown on the screen when the instrument is powered on is the default

value or the set value of last power down. If you want to set the waveform by

low level, press the Offset/LowLevel key again, to switch into the low level

parameter (the current operation is displayed in inverse color).

2. Input the desired offset.

Use the numeric keyboard to input the parameter value directly, and press the

corresponding key to select the parameter unit. Or use the arrow keys to select

the digit to edit, and then use the knob to change its value.

Figure 2-4 Setting the Offset

To Set the Phase

1. Press Waveforms → Sine → Phase, to set the phase.

The Phase shown on the screen when the instrument is powered on is the

default value or the set value of last power down.

2. Input the desired phase.

Use the numeric keyboard to input the parameter value directly and press the

corresponding key to select the parameter unit. Or use the arrow keys to

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select the digit to edit, and then use the knob to change its value.

Figure 2-5 Setting the Phase

Note：

When the independent mode is enabled, the phase parameter cannot be

modified

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2.2 To Set Square Waveform

Press Waveforms key to select the waveform function, and press the Square

softkey. The square waveform parameters are set by using the Square operation

menu.

The parameters of square waveforms include frequency/period, amplitude/high

level, offset/low level, phase and duty. As shown in Figure 2-6, select DutyCycle.

The duty cycle parameter area is highlighted in the parameter display window,

and users can set the duty cycle value here.

Figure 2-6 Square Parameters Display Interface

Table 2-2 Menu Explanations of Square Waveform

Function
Menu

Frequency / Period Set the signal frequency or period;

Amplitude / HighLevel Set the signal amplitude or high level;

Offset / LowLevel Set the signal offset or low level;

Phase Set the phase of the signal.

DutyCycle Set the duty cycle for square waveform.

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Explanation

The current parameter will be switched at a second press.

The current parameter will be switched at a second press.

The current parameter will be switched at a second press.

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To Set the Duty Cycle

Duty Cycle: The ratio of the amount of time the pulse is in the high state and

the waveform‘s period.

The duty cycle setting range is limited by the “Frequency/Period” setting. For

detailed information, please refer to the T3AFG40-120 Datasheet. The default

value is 50%.

1． Press Waveforms → Square → DutyCycle, to set the duty cycle.

The duty cycle shown on the screen when the instrument is powered on is the

default value or the set value of last power down.

2． Input the desired Duty Cycle.

Use the numeric keyboard to input the parameter value directly and press the

corresponding key to select the parameter unit. Or use the arrow keys to select

the digit to edit, and then use the knob to change its value. The generator will

change the waveform immediately.

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Figure 2-7 Setting the Duty Cycle

Note:

The methods of setting other parameters of square signal are similar to sine

waveform function.

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2.3 To Set Ramp Waveform

Press Waveforms key to select the waveform function, and press the Ramp

softkey. The ramp waveform parameters are set by using the ramp operation

menu.

The parameters for ramp waveforms include frequency/period, amplitude/high

level, offset/low level, phase and symmetry. As shown in Figure 2-8, in the soft

key menu, select Symmetry. The symmetry parameter area is highlighted in the

parameter display window, and users can set the symmetry value here.

Figure 2-8 Ramp Parameters Display Interface

Table 2-3 Menu Explanations of Ramp Waveform

Function
Menu

Frequency / Period Set the signal frequency or period;

Amplitude / HighLevel Set the signal amplitude or high level;

Offset / LowLevel Set the signal offset or low level;

Phase Set the phase of the signal.

Symmetry Set the symmetry for ramp waveform.

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Explanation

The current parameter will be switched at a second press.

The current parameter will be switched at a second press.

The current parameter will be switched at a second press.

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To Set the Symmetry

Symmetry: The percentage that the rising period takes up the whole Period.

Input Range: 0~100%

Default Value: 50%

1. Press Waveforms → Ramp → Symmetry, to set the symmetry.

The symmetry shown on the screen when the instrument is powered on is the

default value or the set value of last power down.

2. Input the desired Symmetry.

Use the numeric keyboard to input the parameter value directly, and press the

corresponding key to select the parameter unit. Or use the arrow keys to select

the digit to edit, and then use the knob to change its value. The generator will

change the waveform immediately.

Figure 2-9 Setting the Symmetry

Note:

The methods of setting other parameters of the ramp signal are similar to

the sine waveform function.

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2.4 To Set Pulse Waveform

Press Waveforms key to select the waveform function, and press the Pulse

softkey. The pulse waveform parameters are set by using the pulse operation

menu.

The parameters for pulse waveforms include frequency/period, amplitude/high

level, offset/low level, width, rise/fall and delay. As shown in Figure 2-10, in the

soft key menu, select PulWidth. The pulse width parameter area is highlighted

in the parameter display window, and users can set the pulse width value here.

Figure 2-10 Pulse Parameters Display Interface

Table 2-4 Menu Explanations of Pulse Waveform

Function
Menu

Frequency /
Period

Amplitude / HighLevel Set the signal amplitude or high level;

Offset / LowLevel Set the signal offset or low level;

PulWidth / DutyCycle Set the signal pulse width or duty cycle;

Rise / Fall Setting the rise edge or fall edge for pulse waveform. The

Delay Setting the delay for pulse waveform.

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Explanation

Set the signal frequency or period;

The current parameter will be switched at a second press.

The current parameter will be switched at a second press.

The current parameter will be switched at a second press.

The current parameter will be switched at a second press.

current parameter will be switched at a second press.

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To Set the Pulse Width/DutyCycle

Pulse width is defined as the time from the 50% threshold of a rising edge

amplitude to the 50% threshold of the next falling edge amplitude (as shown in

the figure below). The pulse width setting range is limited by the “Minimum Pulse

Width” and “Pulse Period” setting. For detailed information, please refer to the

T3AFG40-120 Datasheet. The default value is 200μs.

Pulse duty cycle is defined as the percentage that the pulse width takes up in

the whole period. Pulse duty cycle and pulse width are correlative. Once a

parameter is changed, the other will be automatically changed.

1. Press Waveforms→ Pulse → PulWidth, to set the pulse width.

The pulse width shown on the screen when the instrument is powered on is the

default value or the set value of last power down. If you want to set the waveform

by duty, press the PulWidth/DutyCycle key again, to switch into the duty

parameter (the current operation is displayed in inverse color).

2. Input the desired Pulse Width.

Use the numeric keyboard to input the parameter value directly, and press the

corresponding key to select the parameter unit. Or use the arrow keys to

select the digit to edit, and then use the knob to change its value. The

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generator will change the waveform immediately.

Figure 2-11 Setting the Pulse Width

To Set the Rise/Fall Edge

Rise edge time is defined as the duration of the pulse amplitude rising from 10%

to 90% threshold, while fall edge time is defined as duration of the pulse

amplitude moving down from 90% to 10% threshold. The setting of rise/fall edge

time is limited by the currently specified pulse width limit. Users can set rise

edge and fall edge independently.

1. Press Waveforms → Pulse → Rise to set the rise edge.

The rise edge shown on the screen when the instrument is powered on is the

default value or the set value of last power down. If you want to set the waveform

by fall edge, press the Rise/Fall key again, to switch into the fall edge parameter

(the current operation is displayed in inverse color).

2. Input the desired rise edge.

Use the numeric keyboard to input the parameter value directly, and press the

corresponding key to select the parameter unit. Or use the arrow keys to select

the digit to edit, and then use the knob to change its value. The generator will

change the waveform immediately.

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Figure 2-12 Setting the Rise Edge

Note:

The methods of setting other parameters of pulse signal are similar to sine

waveform function.

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2.5 To Set Noise Waveform

Press Waveforms key to select the waveform function, and press the Noise

softkey. The noise parameters are set by using the noise operation menu.

The parameters for noise include stdev, mean and bandwidth. As shown in

Figure 2-13, in the soft key menu, select Stdev, The stdev parameter area is

highlighted in the parameter display window, and users can set the stdev value

here. Noise is non-periodic signal which has no frequency or period.

Figure 2-13 Noise Parameters Display Interface

Table 2-5 Menu Explanations of Noise

Function

Menu

BandSet

Stdev

Mean

Bandwidth

Explanation

Turn on/off the bandwidth setting.

Setting the stdev for noise waveform.

Setting the mean for noise waveform.

Setting the bandwidth for noise waveform.

To Set the Stdev

1. Press Waveforms → Noise → Stdev, to set the stdev.

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The stdev shown on the screen when the instrument is powered on is the default

value or the set value of last power down.

2. Input the desired stdev.

Use the numeric keyboard to input the parameter value directly, and press the

corresponding key to select the parameter unit. Or use the arrow keys to select

the digit to edit, and then use the knob to change its value.

Figure 2-14 Setting the Stdev

To Set the Mean

1. Press Waveforms → Noise → Mean, to set the mean.

The mean shown on the screen when the instrument is powered on is the default

value or the set value of last power down.

2. Input the desired mean.

Use the numeric keyboard to input the parameter value directly, and press the

corresponding key to select the parameter unit. Or use the arrow keys to select

the digit to edit, and then use the knob to change its value.

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Figure 2-15 Setting the Mean

To Set the Bandwidth

1. Press Waveforms → Noise → BandSet and choose “On” to set the

bandwidth.

The bandwidth shown on the screen when the instrument is powered on is the

default value or the set value of last power on. When changing the function, if

the current value is valid for the new waveform, it will be used sequentially.

2. Input the desired bandwidth.

Use the numeric keyboard to input the parameter value directly, and press the

corresponding key to select the parameter unit. Or you can use the arrow keys

to select the digit you want to edit, and then use the knob to change its value.

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Figure 2-16 Setting the Bandwidth

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2.6 To Set DC Waveform

Press Waveforms → Page 1/2 → DC, to enter the following interface. Please

note that there is a “DC offset” parameter at the middle of the screen.

Figure 2-17 DC Setting Interface

Note:

The method of setting offset of DC signal is similar to sine waveform function.

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2.7 To Set Arbitrary Waveform

The Arb signal consists of two types: the system‘s built-in waveforms and the

user-defined waveforms. Built-in waveforms are stored in the internal

non-volatile memory. Users may also edit the arbitrary waveform with 8 to 8M

data points, namely 8pts to 8Mpts.

DDS

Choose Waveforms → Page 1/2 → Arb → Arb Mode and select the “DDS”

output mode. The parameters include frequency/period, amplitude/high level,

offset/low level and phase.

Figure 2-18 Arb Parameters Display Interface (DDS)

Table 2-6 Menu Explanations of Arb Waveform (Page 1/2)

Function
menu

Frequency / Period Set the signal frequency or period;

Amplitude / HighLevel Set the signal amplitude or high level;

Offset / LowLevel Set the signal offset or low level;

Phase Set the phase of the signal.

Explanations

The current parameter will be switched at a second press.

The current parameter will be switched at a second press.

The current parameter will be switched at a second press.

In DDS output mode, users can set the frequency or period of the arbitrary

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waveform. The instrument outputs an arbitrary waveform which is made up of

certain points according to the current frequency

Arbitrary Mode

Choose Waveforms → Page 1/2 → Arb → Arb Mode and select the output mode.

The parameters include sampling rate/frequency, amplitude/high level, offset/

low level and phase.

Figure 2-19 Arb Parameters Display Interface

Table 2-7 Menu Explanations of Arb Waveform (Page 1/2)

Function
menu

SRate / Frequency Set the signal sampling rate or frequency;

Amplitude / HighLevel Set the signal amplitude or high level;

Offset / LowLevel Set the signal offset or low level;

Phase Set the phase of the signal.

Explanations

The current parameter will be switched at a second press.

The current parameter will be switched at a second press.

The current parameter will be switched at a second press.

In Arbitrary output mode, users can set the sampling rate (the output points per

second) or frequency of the arbitrary waveform. The instrument outputs an

arbitrary waveform point by point according to the current sampling rate.

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To Set the Sampling Rate

1. Press Waveforms → Page 1/2 → Arb → TureArb → Srate, to set the

sampling rate parameter.

The sampling rate shown on the screen when the instrument is powered on is

the default value or the set value of last power on. When setting the function, if

the current value is valid for the new waveform, it will be used sequentially. If

you want to set the frequency for the waveform, press SRate/Frequency key

again, to switch to the frequency parameter (the current operation is displayed

in inverse color).

2. Input the desired sampling rate.

Use the numeric keyboard to input the parameter value directly, and press the

corresponding key to select the parameter unit. Or you can use the arrow keys

to select the digit you want to edit, and then use the knob to change its value.

Figure 2-20 Setting the Sampling Rate

Note:

The methods of setting the parameters of arbitrary signal are similar to sine

waveform function.

To select the built-in Arbitrary Waveform

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There are plenty of built-in Arbitrary Waveforms and user-defined Arbitrary

Waveforms inside the generator. To select one of them, follow the instructions

below.

1. To Select the Built-in Waveform

Choose Waveforms → Page 1/2 → Arb → Arb Type → Built-In to enter the

following interface, as shown in Figure 2-21.

Figure 2-21 Built-in Arbitrary Waveforms

Press Common, Math, Engine, Window, Trigo or other menus to switch to the

desired category (the selected category in the menu bar is highlighted), then

rotate the knob or click the touch screen to choose the desired waveform (the

selected waveform is highlighted). Select Accept or press the knob to recall the

corresponding waveform.

Table 2-8 Built-in Waveforms

Item Waveform Explanation

StairUp Stair-up waveform

StairDn Stair-down waveform

Common

StairUD Stair-up and down waveform

Trapezia Trapezia waveform

Ppulse Positive pulse

Npulse Negative pulse

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UpRamp UpRamp waveform

DnRamp DnRamp waveform

SineTra Sine-Tra waveform

SineVer Sine-Ver waveform

ExpFall ExpFall function

ExpRise ExpRise function

LogFall LogFall function

LogRise LogRise function

Sqrt Sqrt function

Root3 Root3 function

X^2 X2 function

X^3 X3 function

Airy Airy function

Besselj Bessel I function

Bessely Bessel II function

Math

Dirichlet Dirichlet function

Erf Error function

Erfc Complementary error function

ErfcInv Inverted complementary error function

ErfInv Inverted error function

Laguerre 4-times Laguerre polynomial

Legend 5-times Legend polynomial

Versiera Versiera

Sinc Sinc function

Gaussian Gaussian function

Dlorentz Dlorentz function

Haversine Haversine function

Lorentz Lorentz function

Gauspuls Gauspuls signal

Gmonopuls Gmonopuls signal

Tripuls Tripuls signal

Weibull Weibull distribution

LogNormal LogNormal Gaussian distribution

Laplace Laplace distribution

Maxwell Maxwell distribution

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Rayleigh Rayleigh distribution

Cauchy Cauchy distribution

Cardiac Cardiac signal

Quake Analog quake waveform

Chirp Chirp signal

TwoTone TwoTone signal

SNR SNR signal

AmpALT Gain oscillation curve

AttALT Attenuation oscillation curve

RoundHalf RoundHalf Waveform

RoundsPM RoundsPM Waveform

BlaseiWave Time-velocity curve of explosive oscillation

DampedOsc Time-displacement curve of damped oscillation

SwingOsc Kinetic energy – time curve of swing oscillation

Discharge Discharge curve of NI-MH battery

Engine

Pahcur Current waveform of DC brushless motor

Combin Combination function

SCR SCR firing profile

TV TV signal

Voice Voice signal

Surge Surge signal

Radar Analog radar signal

Ripple Ripple wave of battery

Gamma Gamma signal

StepResp Step-response signal

BandLimited Bandwidth-limited signal

CPulse C-Pulse

CWPulse CW pulse

GateVibr Gate self-oscillation signal

LFMPulse Linear FM pulse

MCNoise Mechanical construction noise

Hamming Hamming window

Hanning Hanning window

Window

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Kaiser Kaiser window

Blackman Blackman window

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GaussiWin GaussiWin window

Triangle Triangle window (Fejer window)

BlackmanH BlackmanH window

Bartlett-Hann Bartlett-Hann window

Bartlett Bartlett window

BarthannWin Modified Bartlett-Hann window

BohmanWin BohmanWin window

ChebWin ChebWin window

FlattopWin Flat top weighted window

ParzenWin ParzenWin window

TaylorWin TaylorWin window

TukeyWin TukeyWin (tapered cosine) window

Tan Tangent

Cot Cotangent

Sec Secant

Trigo

Csc Cosecant

Asin Arc sine

Acos Arc cosine

Atan Arc tangent

ACot Arc cotangent

CosH Hyperbolic cosine

CosInt Integral cosine

Coth Hyperbolic cotangent

Csch Hyperbolic cosecant

SecH Hyperbolic secant

SinH Hyperbolic sine

SinInt Integral sine

TanH Hyperbolic tangent

ACosH Arc hyperbolic cosine

ASecH Arc hyperbolic secant

ASinH Arc hyperbolic sine

ATanH Arc hyperbolic tangent

ACsch Arc hyperbolic cosecant

ACoth Arc hyperbolic cotangent

Square 1 SquareDuty01 Square waveform with 1% duty

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SquareDuty02 Square waveform with 2% duty

SquareDuty04 Square waveform with 4% duty

SquareDuty06 Square waveform with 6% duty

SquareDuty08 Square waveform with 8% duty

SquareDuty10 Square waveform with 10% duty

SquareDuty12 Square waveform with 12% duty

SquareDuty14 Square waveform with 14% duty

SquareDuty16 Square waveform with 16% duty

SquareDuty18 Square waveform with 18% duty

SquareDuty20 Square waveform with 20% duty

SquareDuty22 Square waveform with 22% duty

SquareDuty24 Square waveform with 24% duty

SquareDuty26 Square waveform with 26% duty

SquareDuty28 Square waveform with 28% duty

SquareDuty30 Square waveform with 30% duty

SquareDuty32 Square waveform with 32% duty

SquareDuty34 Square waveform with 34% duty

SquareDuty36 Square waveform with 36% duty

SquareDuty38 Square waveform with 38% duty

SquareDuty40 Square waveform with 40% duty

SquareDuty42 Square waveform with 42% duty

SquareDuty44 Square waveform with 44% duty

SquareDuty46 Square waveform with 46% duty

SquareDuty48 Square waveform with 48% duty

SquareDuty50 Square waveform with 50% duty

SquareDuty52 Square waveform with 52% duty

SquareDuty54 Square waveform with 54% duty

SquareDuty56 Square waveform with 56% duty

SquareDuty58 Square waveform with 58% duty

SquareDuty60 Square waveform with 60% duty

SquareDuty62 Square waveform with 62% duty

SquareDuty64 Square waveform with 64% duty

SquareDuty66 Square waveform with 66% duty

SquareDuty68 Square waveform with 68% duty

Square 2 SquareDuty70 Square waveform with 70% duty

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SquareDuty72 Square waveform with 72% duty

SquareDuty74 Square waveform with 74% duty

SquareDuty76 Square waveform with 76% duty

SquareDuty78 Square waveform with 78% duty

SquareDuty80 Square waveform with 80% duty

SquareDuty82 Square waveform with 82% duty

SquareDuty84 Square waveform with 84% duty

SquareDuty86 Square waveform with 86% duty

SquareDuty88 Square waveform with 88% duty

SquareDuty90 Square waveform with 90% duty

SquareDuty92 Square waveform with 92% duty

SquareDuty94 Square waveform with 94% duty

SquareDuty96 Square waveform with 96% duty

SquareDuty98 Square waveform with 98% duty

SquareDuty99 Square waveform with 99% duty

Medical

EOG Electro-Oculogram

EEG Electroencephalogram

EMG Electromyogram

Pulseilogram Pulseilogram

ResSpeed Speed curve of the respiration

ECG1 Electrocardiogram 1

ECG2 Electrocardiogram 2

ECG3 Electrocardiogram 3

ECG4 Electrocardiogram 4

ECG5 Electrocardiogram 5

ECG6 Electrocardiogram 6

ECG7 Electrocardiogram 7

ECG8 Electrocardiogram 8

ECG9 Electrocardiogram 9

ECG10 Electrocardiogram 10

ECG11 Electrocardiogram 11

ECG12 Electrocardiogram 12

ECG13 Electrocardiogram 13

ECG14 Electrocardiogram 14

ECG15 Electrocardiogram 15

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LFPulse Waveform of the low frequency pulse electrotherapy

Tens1 Waveform 1 of the nerve stimulation electrotherapy

Tens2 Waveform 2 of the nerve stimulation electrotherapy

Tens3 Waveform 3 of the nerve stimulation electrotherapy

AM Sectional sine AM signal

FM Sectional sine FM signal

Mod

Filter

Demo

PFM Sectional pulse FM signal

PM Sectional sine PM signal l

PWM Sectional PWM signal

Butterworth Butterworth filter

Chebyshev1 Chebyshev1 filter

Chebyshev2 Chebyshev2 filter

demo1_375pts

demo1_16kpts

demo2_3kpts

demo2_16kpts

TureArb waveform 1（375 pts）

TureArb waveform 1（16384 pts）

TureArb waveform 2（3000 pts）

TureArb waveform 2（16384 pts）

2. To Select the Stored Waveform

Choose Waveforms → Page 1/2 → Arb → Arb Type → Stored Waveforms to

enter the following interface, as shown in Figure 2-22.

Figure 2-22 Stored Waveform Display Interface

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Rotate the knob or touch the screen to choose the desired waveform. Then

select Recall or press the knob to recall the corresponding waveform.

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2.8 To Set Harmonic Function

The T3AFG40-120 can be used as a harmonic generator to output harmonics

with specified order, amplitude and phase. According to the Fourier transform,

a periodic time domain waveform is the superposition of a series of sine

waveforms as shown in the equation below:

Generally, the component with f1 frequency is called fundamental waveform, f

is fundamental waveform frequency, A1 is fundamental waveform amplitude,

and φ1 is fundamental waveform phase. The frequencies of the other

components (called harmonics) are all integral multiples of the fundamental

waveform. Components whose frequencies are odd multiples of the fundamental

waveform frequency are called odd harmonics and components whose

frequencies are even multiples of the fundamental waveform frequency are

called even harmonics.

Press Waveforms → Sine → Harmonic and choose “On”, then press

Harmonic Parameter to enter the following interface.

1

Figure 2-23 Harmonic Interface

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Table 2-9 Menu Explanations of Harmonic

Function
menu

Type Set the harmonic type to “odd”, “even” or “all”.

Order Set the order of the harmonic.

Harmonic
Ampl

Harmonic
Phase

Cancel Return to the sine parameters menu.

Explanations

Set the amplitude of the harmonic.

Set the phase of the harmonic.

To Select the Harmonic Type

The T3AFG40-120 can output odd harmonics, ever harmonics and user­defined

orders of harmonics. After entering the harmonic setting menu, press Type to

select the desired harmonic type.

1. Press Even, the instrument will output fundamental waveform and even

harmonics.

2. Press Odd, the instrument will output fundamental waveform and odd

harmonics.

3. Press All, the instrument will output fundamental waveform and all the user-

defined orders of harmonics.

To Set the Harmonic Order

After entering the harmonic setting menu, press Order, the use the numeric

keyboard or knob to input the desired value.

l The range is limited by the maximum output frequency of the instrument

and current fundamental waveform frequency.

l Range: 2 to maximum output frequency of the instrument ÷ current

fundamental waveform frequency

l The maximum is 10.

To Select the Harmonic Amplitude

After entering the harmonic setting menu, press Harmonic Ampl to set the

harmonic amplitude of each order.

1. Press Order to select the sequence number of the harmonic to be set.

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2. Press Harmonic Ampl to set the amplitude of the harmonic selected. Use

the arrow keys and knob to change the value. Or use the numeric keyboard

to input the amplitude value and then select the desired unit from the pop-up

menu. The units available are Vpp, mVpp and dBc.

To Select the Harmonic Phase

After entering the harmonic setting menu, press Harmonic Phase to set the

harmonic phase of each order.

1. Press Order to select the sequence number of the harmonic to be set.

2. Press Harmonic Phase to set the phase of the harmonic selected. Use the

arrow keys and knob to change the value. Or use the numeric keyboard to

input the phase value and then select the unit °.

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2.9 To Set Modulation Function

Use the Mod key to generate modulated waveforms. The T3AFG40-120

can generate AM, FM, ASK, FSK, PSK, PM, PWM and DSB-AM modulated

waveforms. Modulating parameters vary with the types of the modulation.

In AM, users can set the source (internal/external), depth, modulating frequency,

modulating waveform and carrier. In DSB-AM, users can set the source

(internal/external), modulating frequency, modulating waveform and carrier.

In FM, users can set the source (internal/external), modulating frequency,

frequency deviation, modulating waveform and carrier. In PM, users can

set the source (internal/external), phase deviation, modulating frequency,

modulating waveform and carrier. In ASK, users can set the source (internal/external),

key frequency and carrier. In FSK, users can set the source (internal/external),

key frequency, hop frequency and carrier. In PSK, users can set the source

(internal/external), key frequency, polarity and carrier. In PWM, users can

set the source (internal/external), modulating frequency, width/duty cycle

deviation, modulating waveform and carrier.

We will introduce how to set these parameters in details according to the

modulation types.

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2.9.1 AM

The modulated waveform consists of two parts: the carrier and the modulating

waveform. In AM, the amplitude of the carrier varies with the instantaneous

voltage of the modulating waveform.

Press Mod → Type → AM, the parameters of AM modulation are shown in

Figure 2-24.

Figure 2-24 Setting Interface of AM Modulation

Table 2-10 Menu Explanations of the AM Parameters

Function
Menu

Type AM Amplitude modulation

Source

AM Depth Set the modulation depth.

Shape

Settings Explanation

Internal The source is internal

External

Sine

Square

Triangle

UpRamp

DnRamp

Noise

The source is external. Use the [Aux In/Out] connector
at the rear panel.

Choose the modulating waveform.

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Arb

AM Freq

Set the modulating waveform frequency. Frequency
range: 1mHz~1MHz (internal source only).

To Select Modulation Source

The T3AFG40-120 can accept modulating signal from an internal or external

modulation source. Press Mod → AM → Source to select “Internal” or

“External” modulation source. The default is “Internal”.

1. Internal Source

When internal AM modulation source is selected, press Shape to select Sine,

Square, Triangle, UpRamp, DnRamp, Noise or Arb as modulating waveform.

l Square: 50% duty cycle

l Triangle: 50% symmetry

l UpRamp: 100% symmetry

l DnRamp: 0% symmetry

l Arb: the arbitrary waveform selected of the current channel

Note:

Noise can be used as modulating waveform but cannot be used as the carrier.

2. External Source

When external AM modulation source is selected, the generator accepts external

modulating signal from the [Aux In/Out] connector at the rear panel. At this time,

the amplitude of the modulated waveform is controlled by the signal level applied

to the connector. For example, if the modulation depth is set to 100%, the output

amplitude will be the maximum when the modulating signal is +6V and the

minimum when the modulating signal is -6V.

Key Points:

The T3AFG40-120 can use one channel as a modulating source for the

other channel. The following example takes the output signal of CH2 as the

modulating waveform.

1. Connect the CH2 output terminal to [Aux In/Out] connector on the rear

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panel using a dual BNC cable.

2. Select CH1 and press Mod to select the desired modulation type as well as

set the corresponding parameters, and then select external modulation

source.

3. Select CH2 and select the desired modulating waveform and set the

corresponding parameters.

4. Press Output to enable the output of CH1.

To Set Modulation Depth

Modulation depth expressed as a percentage indicates the amplitude variation

degree. AM modulation depth varies from 1% to 120%. Press AM Depth to set

the parameter.

l In the 0% modulation, the output amplitude is the half of the carrier‘s

amplitude.

l In the 120％ modulation, the output amplitude is the same with the

carrier‘s amplitude.

l For an external source, the depth of AM is controlled by the voltage level

on the connector connected to the [Aux In/Out]. ±6V correspond to 100%

depth.

l When external modulation source is selected, this menu is hidden.

To Set Modulation Frequency

When internal modulation source is selected, press AM Freq to highlight the

parameter, then use the numeric keyboard or arrow keys and knob to input the

desired value.

l The modulation frequency ranges from 1mHz to 1MHz.

l When external modulation source is selected, this menu is hidden.

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2.9.2 DSB-AM

DSB-AM is an abbreviation for Double-Sideband Suppressed Carrier –

Amplitude Modulation. Press Mod → Type → DSB-AM. The parameters of

DSB-AM modulation are shown in Figure 2-25.

Figure 2-25 Setting Interface of DSB-AM Modulation

Table 2-11 Menu Explanations of the DSB-AM Parameters

Function
Menu

Type DSB-AM DSB Amplitude modulation.

Source

DSB Freq

Shape

Settings Explanation

Internal The source is internal.

External

Sine

Square

Triangle

UpRamp

DnRamp

Noise

The source is external. Use the [Aux In/Out] connector
at the rear panel.

Set the modulating waveform frequency. Frequency
range: 1mHz~1MHz (internal source only).

Choose the modulating waveform.

Arb

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Note:

The methods of setting the parameters of DSB-AM are similar to AM.

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2.9.3 FM

The modulated waveform consists of two parts: the carrier and the modulating

waveform. In FM, the frequency of the carrier varies with the instantaneous

voltage of the modulating waveform.

Press Mod → Type → FM, the parameters of FM modulation are shown in Figure

2-26

Figure 2-26 Setting Interface of FM Modulation

Table 2-12 Menu Explanations of the FM Parameters

Function
Menu

Type FM Frequency modulation

Source

Freq Dev Set the frequency deviation

Shape

Settings Explanation

Internal The source is internal

External

Sine

Square

Triangle

UpRamp

DnRamp

Noise

The source is external. Use the [Aux In/Out] connector
at the rear panel.

Choose the modulating waveform.

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Arb

FM Freq

Set the modulating waveform frequency. Frequency
range 1mHz~1MHz (internal source).

To Set Frequency Deviation

Press FM Dev to highlight the parameter, and then use the numeric keyboard

or arrow keys and knob to input the desired value.

l The deviation should be equal to or less than the carrier frequency.

l The sum of the deviation and the carrier frequency should be equal to or

less than maximum frequency of the selected carrier waveform.

Note:

The methods of setting other parameters of FM are similar to AM.

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2.9.4 PM

The modulated waveform consists of two parts: the carrier and the modulating

waveform. In PM, the phase of the carrier varies with the instantaneous voltage

level of the modulating waveform.

Press Mod → Type → PM, the parameters of PM modulation are shown in

Figure 2-27.

Figure 2-27 Setting Interface of PM Modulation

Table 2-13 Menu Explanations of the PM Parameters

Function
Menu

Type PM Phase modulation

Source

Phase Dev Phase deviation ranges from 0° ~ 360°.

Shape

Settings Explanation

Internal The source is internal

External

Sine

Square

Triangle

UpRamp

DnRamp

Noise

The source is external. Use the [Aux In/Out] connector
at the rear panel.

Choose the modulating waveform.

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Arb

PM Freq

Set the modulating waveform frequency. Frequency
range: 1mHz~1MHz.

To Set Phase Deviation

Press Phase Dev to highlight the parameter, and then use the numeric

keyboard or arrow keys and knob to input the desired value.

l Use the numeric keyboard or arrow keys and knob to input the desired

value.

l The range of phase deviation is from 0° to 360° and the default value is

100°.

Note:

The methods of setting other parameters of PM are similar to AM.

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2.9.5 FSK

The FSK is Frequency Shift Keying, the output frequency of which switches

between two preset frequencies (carrier frequency and the hop frequency or

sometimes known as mark frequency (1) and space frequency (0)).

Press Mod → Type → FSK, the parameters of FSK modulation are shown in

Figure 2-28.

Figure 2-28 Setting Interface of FSK Modulation

Table 2-14 Menu Explanations of the FSK Parameters

Function
Menu

Type FSK Frequency shift keying modulation.

Source

Key Freq

Hop Freq Set the hop frequency.

Settings Explanation

Internal The source is internal.

External

The source is external. Use the [Aux In/Out] connector at
the rear panel.

Set the frequency at which the output frequency shifts
between the carrier frequency and the hop frequency
(internal modulation only): 1mHz~1MHz.

To Set Key Frequency

When internal modulation source is selected, press Key Freq to set the rate at

which the output frequency shifts between “carrier frequency” and “hop

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frequency”.

l Use the numeric keyboard or arrow keys and knob to input the desired value.

l The key frequency ranges from 1mHz to 1MHz.

l When external modulation source is selected, this menu is hidden.

To Set Hop Frequency

The range of the hop frequency depends on the carrier frequency currently

selected. Press Hop Freq to highlight the parameter, and then use the numeric

keyboard or arrow keys and knob to input the desired value.

l Sine: 1uHz~120MHz

l Square: 1uHz~25MHz

l Ramp: 1uHz~1MHz

l Arb: 1uHz~20MHz

Note:

The methods of setting other parameters of FSK are similar to AM. In addition,

the external modulating signal of FSK must be Square which complies with the

CMOS level specification.

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2.9.6 ASK

When using ASK (Amplitude Shift Keying), the carrier frequency and key

frequency will need to be set. The key frequency is the shift rate of modulated

waveform amplitude.

Press Mod → Type → ASK, the parameters of ASK modulation are shown in

Figure 2-29.

Figure 2-29 Setting Interface of ASK Modulation

Table 2-15 Menu Explanations of the ASK Parameters

Function
Menu

Type ASK Amplitude shift keying modulation.

Source

Key Freq

Settings Explanation

Internal The source is internal.

External

The source is external. Use the [Aux In/Out] connector at
the rear panel.

Set the frequency at which the output amplitude shifts
between the carrier amplitude and zero (internal
modulation only): 1mHz~1MHz.

Note:

The methods for setting the parameters of ASK are similar to AM. In addition,

the external modulating signal of ASK must be Square which complies with the

CMOS level specification.

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2.9.7 PSK

When using PSK (Phase Shift Keying), configure the generator to “shift” its

output phase between two preset phase values (carrier phase and modulating

phase). The default modulating phase is 180°.

Press Mod → Type → PSK, the parameters of PSK modulation are shown in

Figure 2-30.

Figure 2-30 Setting Interface of PSK Modulation

Table 2-16 Menu Explanations of the PSK Parameters

Function
Menu

Type PSK Phase shift keying modulation.

Source

Key Freq

Polarity

Settings Explanation

Internal The source is internal.

External

Positive

Negative

The source is external. Use the [Aux In/Out] connector at
the rear panel.

Set the frequency at which the output phase shifts
between the carrier phase and 180° (internal modulation
only): 1mHz~1MHz.

Set the modulating polarity.

Note:

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The methods of setting the parameters of PSK are similar to AM. In addition,

the external modulating signal of PSK must be Square which complies with the

CMOS level specification.

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2.9.8 PWM

In PWM (Pulse Width Modulation), the pulse width of the pulse varies with the

instantaneous voltage of the modulating waveform. The carrier can only be

pulse.

Press Waveforms → Pulse → Mod, the parameters of PWM modulation are

shown in Figure 2-31

Figure 2-31 Setting Interface of PWM Modulation

Table 2-17 Menu Explanations of the PWM Parameters

Function
Menu

Type PWM Pulse width modulation. The carrier is pulse.

Source

Width Dev Set the width deviation.

Duty Dev Set the duty deviation.

Shape

Settings Explanation

Internal The source is internal.

External

Sine

Square

Triangle

UpRamp

DnRamp

The source is external. Use the [Aux In/Out] connector at
the rear panel.

Choose the modulating waveform.

Noise

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Arb

PWM Freq

Set the modulating waveform frequency. Frequency
range: 1mHz~1MHz (internal source only).

To Set Pulse Width/Duty Deviation

Width Deviation represents the variation of the modulated waveform pulse width

relative to the original pulse width. Press Width Dev to highlight the parameter,

and use the numeric keyboard or arrow keys and knob to input the desired value,

as shown in the Figure 2-32.

Figure 2-32 Width Deviation Setting Interface

l The width deviation cannot exceed the current pulse width.

l The width deviation is limited by the minimum pulse width and current edge

time setting.

Duty Deviation represents the variation (%) of the modulated waveform duty

relative to the original duty. Press Duty Dev to highlight the parameter, and then

use the numeric keyboard or arrow keys and knob to input the desired value,

as shown in the Figure 2-33.

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Figure 2-33 Duty Deviation Setting Interface

l The duty deviation cannot exceed the current pulse duty cycle.

l The duty deviation is limited by the minimum duty cycle and current edge

time setting.

l Duty deviation and width deviation are correlative. Once a parameter is

changed, the other will be automatically changed.

Note:

The methods of setting other parameters of PWM are similar to AM.

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2.10 To Set Sweep Function

In the sweep mode, the generator steps from the start frequency to the stop

frequency in the sweep time specified by the user. The waveforms that support

sweep include sine, square, ramp and arbitrary.

Press Sweep key to enter the following menu. Set the waveform parameters by

using the operation menu.

Function
Menu

Sweep time

Start Freq
Mid Freq

Stop Freq
Freq Span

Source

Trig Out

Figure 2-34 Setting Interface of Sweep (Page 1/2)

Table 2-18 Menu Explanations of Sweep (Page 1/2)

Settings Explanation

Set the time span of the sweep in which the frequency
changes from the start frequency to stop frequency.

Set the start frequency of the sweep;
Set the center frequency of the sweep.

Set the stop frequency of the sweep;
Set the frequency span of the sweep.

Internal Choose internal source as a trigger.

External

Manual Trigger a sweep by manual.

Off Disable trigger out.

On Enable trigger out.

Choose external source as a trigger. Use the [Aux
In/Out] connector at the rear panel.

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Page

1/2

Enter the next page.

Figure 2-35 Setting Interface of Sweep (Page 2/2)

Table 2-19 Menu Explanations of Sweep (Page 2/2)

Function
Menu

Type

Direction

Page

2/2

Settings Explanation

Linear Set the sweep with linear profile.

Log Set the sweep with logarithmic profile.

Up Sweep upward.

Down Sweep downward.

Return to the previous page.

Sweep Frequency

Use start freq and stop freq or center freq and freq span to set the range of the

frequency sweep. Press the key again to switch between the two sweep range

modes.

.

Start Frequency and Stop Frequency

Start Frequency and Stop Frequency are the lower and upper limits of the

frequency for sweep. Start Frequency ≤ Stop Frequency.

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l Choose Direction → Up, the generator will sweep from Start frequency to

Stop frequency.

l Choose Direction → Down, the generator will sweep from Stop frequency

to Start frequency.

Center Frequency and Frequency Span

Center Frequency = (|Start Frequency + Stop Frequency|)/2

Frequency Span = Stop Frequency – Start Frequency

Sweep Type

T3AFG40-120 provides ‘Linear’ and ‘Log’ sweep profiles and the default is

‘Linear’.

Linear Sweep

In linear sweep, the output frequency of the instrument varies linearly in the

way of ‘a number of Hertz per second’. Choose Sweep → Page 1/2 → Type

→ Linear, there is a straight line displayed on the waveform on the screen,

indicating that the output frequency varies linearly.

Figure 2-36 Linear Sweep Interface

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Log Sweep

In log sweep, the output frequency of the instrument varies in a logarithmic

fashion, that is, the output frequency changes in the way of ‘decade per

Second’. Choose Sweep → Page 1/2 → Type → Log, there is an exponential

function curve displayed on the waveform on the screen, indicating that the

output frequency changes in a logarithmic mode.

Figure 2-37 Log Sweep Interface

Sweep Trigger Source

The sweep trigger source can be internal, external or manual. The generator

will generate a sweep output when a trigger signal is received and then wait for

the next trigger source.

1. Internal Trigger

Choose Source → Internal, the generator outputs continuous sweep waveform

when internal trigger is selected. The default is ―Internal‖. Choose Trig Out →

On, the [Aux In/Out] connector at the rear panel will output the trigger signal.

2. External Trigger

Choose Source → External, the generator accepts the trigger signal inputted

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from the [Aux In/Out] connector at the rear panel when external trigger is

selected. A sweep will be generated once the connector receives a CMOS pulse

with specified polarity. To set the CMOS pulse polarity, choose Edge to select

‘Up’ or ‘Down’.

3. Manual Trigger

Choose Source → Manual, a sweep will be generated from the corresponding

channel when the Trigger softkey is pressed when manual trigger is selected.

Choose Trig Out → On, the [Aux In/Out] connector at the rear panel will output

the trigger signal.

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2.11 To Set Burst Function

The Burst function can generate versatile waveforms in n this mode. Burst times

can last a specific number of waveform cycles (N-Cycle mode), or when an

external gated signals (Gated mode) is applied. Any waveform (except DC) may

be used as the carrier, but noise can only be used in Gated mode.

Burst Type

T3AFG40-120 provides three burst types including N-Cycle, Infinite and Gated.

The default is N-Cycle.

Table 2-20 Relations among burst type, trigger source and carrier

Burst Type Trigger Source Carrier

N-Cycle

Infinite External/Manual Sine, Square, Ramp, Pulse, Arbitrary.

Gated Internal/External Sine, Square, Ramp, Pulse, Noise, Arbitrary.

Internal/External/
Manual

Sine, Square, Ramp, Pulse, Arbitrary.

N-Cycle

In N-Cycle mode, the generator will output waveform with a specified number

of cycles after receiving the trigger signal. Waveforms that support N-Cycle burst

include sine, square, ramp, pulse and arbitrary.

Press Burst → NCycle → Cycles, and use the numeric keyboard or arrow

keys and knob to input the desired cycles. Set the waveform parameters by

using the operation menu, as shown in Figure 2-38 and Figure 2-39.

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Figure 2-38 N-Cycle Burst Interface (Page 1/2)

Table 2-21 Menu Explanations of the N-Cycle Burst (Page 1/2)

Function
Menu

NCycle Use the N-Cycle mode.

Cycles
Infinite

Start Phase Set the start phase of the burst.

Burst Period Set the burst period.

Source

Page

1/2

Settings Explanation

Set the number of the bursts in N-Cycle.
Set the number of the bursts in N-Cycle to be infinite.

Internal Choose internal source as a trigger.

External

Manual Trigger a burst by manual.

Choose external source as a trigger. Use the [Aux
In/Out] connector at the rear panel.

Enter the next page.

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Figure 2-39 N-Cycle Burst Interface (Page 2/2)

Table 2-22 Menu Explanations of the N-Cycle Burst (Page2/2)

Function
Menu

Delay Set the delay time before the burst starts.

Trig Out

Page

2/2

Settings Explanation

Off Disable trigger out.

On Enable trigger out.

Return to the previous page.

Infinite

In infinite mode, the cycle number of the waveform is set as an infinite value.

The generator outputs a continuous waveform after receiving the trigger signal.

Waveforms that support infinite mode include sine, square, ramp, pulse and

arbitrary.

Press Burst → NCycle → Infinite, and set the trigger source to ‘external’ or

‘Manual’. The screen will display an infinite cycle burst, as shown in Figure 2-

40 Infinite Burst InterfaceFigure 2-40.

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Figure 2-40 Infinite Burst Interface

Gated

In gated mode, the generator controls the waveform output according to the

gate signal level. When the gated signal is ‘true’, the generator outputs a

continuous waveform. When the gated signal is ‘false’, the generator first

completes the output of the current period and then stops. Waveforms that

support gated burst include sine, square, ramp, pulse, noise and arbitrary.

Press Burst → Gated, to enter the following interface.

Figure 2-41 Gated Burst Interface

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Table 2-23 Menu Explanations of the Gated Burst

Function
Menu

Gated Use the gated mode.

Polarity

Start Phase Set the start phase of the burst.

Burst Period Set the burst Period.

Source

Settings Explanation

Positive

Negative

Internal Choose internal source as a trigger.

External

Set the polarity for the gated signal.

Choose external source as a trigger. Use the [Aux
In/Out] connector at the rear panel.

Start Phase

Define the start point in a waveform. The phase varies from 0° to 360°, and the

default setting is 0°. For an Arbitrary Waveform, 0° is the first waveform point.

Burst Period

Burst Period is only available when the trigger source is internal. It is defined

as the time from the start of a burst to the start of the next one. Choose Burst

Period and use the numeric keyboard or arrow keys and knob to input the desired

value.

l Burst Period ≥ 0.99μs + carrier period × burst number

l If the current burst period set is too short, the generator will increase this

value automatically to allow outputting the specified number of cycles.

Cycles/Infinite

Set the number of waveform cycle in an N-Cycle (1 to 50,000 or Infinite).

If Infinite is chosen, then a continuous waveform will be generated once a

trigger occurs.

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Delay

Set the time delay between the trigger input and the start of the N-Cycle burst.

Burst Trigger Source

The burst trigger source can be internal, external or manual. The generator will

generate a burst output when a trigger signal is received and then wait for the

next trigger source.

1. Internal Trigger

Choose Source → Internal, the generator outputs continuous burst waveform

when internal trigger is selected. Choose Trig Out as “Up” or “Down”, the [Aux

In/Out] connector at the rear panel will output a trigger signal with specified

edge.

2. External Trigger

Choose Source → External, the generator accepts the trigger signal inputted

from the [Aux In/Out] connector at the rear panel when external trigger is

selected. A burst will be generated once the connector gets a CMOS pulse with

specified polarity. To set the CMOS pulse polarity, choose Edge to select “Up”

or “Down”.

3. Manual Trigger

Choose Source → Manual, a burst will be generated from the corresponding

channel when the Trigger softkey is pressed when manual trigger is selected.

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2.12 To Store and Recall

T3AFG40-120 can store the current instrument state and user-defined arbitrary

waveform data in internal or external memory and recall them when needed.

Press Store/Recall to enter the following interface.

Figure 2-42 Store/Recall Interface (Page 1/2)

Table 2-24 Menu Explanations of Save and Recall

Function
Menu

File Type

Browse View the current directory.

Save Save the waveform to the specified path.

Recall

Delete Delete the selected file.

Page

1/2

Settings Explanation

State The setting of the generator;

Data Arbitrary waveform file

Recall the waveform or setting information in the specific
position of the memory.

Enter the next page.

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Figure 2-43 Store/Recall Interface (Page 2/2)

Table 2-25 Menu Explanations of Save and Recall

Function
Menu

Copy Copy the selected file.

Paste Paste the selected file. Cancel

Exit the Store/Recall interface.

Page

2/2

Settings Explanation

Return to the previous page.

2.12.1 Storage System

The T3AFG40-120 provides an internal non-volatile memory (C Disk) and a

USB Host interface for external memory.

1. Local (C:)

Users can store instrument states and arbitrary waveform files to C Disk.

2. USB Device (0:)

There is a USB Host interface located on the left side of the front panel which

permits users to store/recall waveforms or update the firmware version by

U-Disk. When the generator detects a USB storage device, the screen will show

the drive letter “USB Device (0:)” and display a prompt message “USB

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device connected.”, as shown in Figure 2-44. After removing the U-Disk, the

screen will display a prompt message “USB device removed.” And “USB Device

(0:)” in the storage menu will disappear.

Figure 2-44 Storage System

Note:

The T3AFG40-120 can only identify files of which filenames consist of English

letters, number and underscore. If other characters are used, the name may be

displayed in the store and recall interface abnormally.

Browse

l Use the knob to shift between the directories or click the corresponding

location on the screen to choose Local (C:) or USB Device (0:). Choose

Browse, press the knob or click the selected folder to open the current

directory.

l Use the knob to switch between folder and files under the current directory.

Choose Browse, press the knob or click the selected folder to open the

subdirectory. Choose <up>, then choose Brower or press the knob to return

to the upper level directory.

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2.12.2 File Type

Choose Store/Recall → File Type to select the desired file type. Available file

types are State File and Data File.

State File

Store the instrument state in internal or external memory in “*.xml” format. The

state file stored includes waveform parameters and modulation, sweep, burst

parameters of two channels and utility parameters.

Data File

The T3AFG40-120 can recall the data files in “*.csv” or “*.dat” format from the

external memory and transfer them into “*.bin” format then store them in the

internal memory. When it is done, the generator will enter the arbitrary waveform

interface automatically.

In addition, users can edit arbitrary waveforms with PC software, download

them to the internal memory through remote interface and store them (in

“*.bin” format) in the internal memory.

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2.12.3 File Operation

To Save the Instrument State

Users can store the current instrument state in internal and external memories.

The storage will save the selected function (including the basic waveform

parameters, modulation parameters and other utility settings used.)

To save the instrument state, the procedures are given as followed:

1. Choose the file type to store.

Press Store/Recall → File Type → State, and choose state as the storage

type.

2. Choose the location of the file.

Choose a desired location by rotating the knob or clicking the corresponding

location on the touch screen.

3. Name the file.

Press Save, to enter the following interface.

Figure 2-45 Filename Input Interface

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Table 2-26 Menu Explanation of File Storage

Function
Menu

Up Cursor upward to select.

Down Cursor downward to select.

Select Select the current character.

Delete Delete the current character.

Save Store the file with the current name.

Cancel Return to the store/Recall interface.

Settings Explanation

Select the character

Users can select the desired character from the virtual soft keyboard by using

the knob or Up and Down menus. Or touch the location of the character on the

screen directly. Then choose Select to display the character selected in the

filename area.

Delete the character

Use the left and right arrow keys to move the cursor in the file name. Then

choose Delete to delete the corresponding character.

4. Save the file.

After finishing inputting filename, press Save. The generator will save the file

under the currently selected directory with the specified filename.

To Recall State File or Data File

To recall the instrument state or arbitrary waveform data, the procedures are as

follows:

1. Choose the file type.

Press Store/Recall → File Type, and choose state or data as the storage type.

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2. Choose the file to be recalled.

Rotate the knob or click the touch screen to select the file you want to recall.

3. Recall the file.

Choose Recall, press the knob or click the location of the file on the screen,

the generator will recall the selected file and display corresponding prompt

message when the file is read successfully.

To Delete File

To delete the instrument state or arbitrary waveform data, the procedures are

as follows:

1. Choose the file.

Rotate the knob or click the touch screen to select the file you want to delete.

2. Delete the file.

Choose Delete, the generator will display prompt message ‗Delete the file?‘

Then press Accept, the generator will delete the currently selected file.

To Copy and Paste File

T3AFG40-120 supports the internal and external storage to copy files from each

other. For example, copy an arbitrary wave file in the U-disk to the instrument,

the procedure is as follows:

1. Choose the file type.

Press Store/Recall → File Type, and choose ―Data‖ as the storage type.

2. Choose the file to be copied.

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Rotate the knob to select USB Device (0:) and press the knob to open its

directory. Then rotate the knob to select the file you want to copy and press

Page 1/2 → Copy.

3. Paste the file.

Rotate the knob to select Local (C:) and press the knob to open its directory.

Then press Paste.

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2.13 To Set Utility Function

With the Utility function, the user can set the parameters of the generator such

as Sync, Interface, System Setting, Self Test and Frequency Counter, etc. Press

Utility to enter the utility menu, as shown in Figure 2-46 and Figure

2-47.

Figure 2-46 Utility Setup Interface (Page 1/2)

Table 2-27 Menu Explanations of Utility (Page1/2)

Function
Menu

System Set the system configuration.

Test/Cal Test and calibrate the instrument.

Counter Frequency counter setting.

Output Setup Set the output parameters of CH1 and CH2.

CH Copy Coupling Set the track, channel coupling or channel copy

Page

1/2

Explanation

function.

Enter the next page.

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Figure 2-47 Utility Setup Interface (Page 2/2)

Table 2-28 Menu Explanations of Utility (Page2/2)

Function
Menu

Interface Set the parameters of remote interfaces.

Sync Set the sync output.

CLKSource

Help View the help information.

OverVoltage
Protection

Page

2/2

Settings Explanation

Internal

Choose the system clock source.

External

Turn on/off the over voltage protection function.

Return to the previous page.

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2.13.1 System Settings

Press Utility → System, to enter the following interface.

Figure 2-48 System Setup Interface (Page 1/2)

Function
Menu

Number
format

Language

PowerOn

Set to
Default

Beeper

Page

1/2

Table 2-29 Menu Explanations of System Setup (Page 1/2)

Settings Explanation

Set the number format.

English

Set the language.

Chinese

Default All the settings return to default when power on; Last

All the settings return to the setting of last power on.

Set all the settings to default.

On Open the beeper.

Off Close the beeper.

Enter the next page.

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