The information in this document has been carefully checked and is believed to be
reliable. However, no responsibility can be assumed for inaccuracies that may not have
been detected.
LeCroy reserves the right to revise the information in this document without notice or
penalty.
Trademarks and Servicemarks
LeCroy and PeRT3 are trademarks of LeCroy.
Microsoft, WIndows, Windows XP, and WIndows Vista are registered trademarks of
Microsoft Inc.
PCI Express, PCIe and PCI-SIG are registered trademarks of the PCI-SIG.
All other trademarks are property of their respective companies.
The LeCroy PeRT3 Eagle Test System is a new tool for testing of transceivers and other
serial data communication devices and systems. Verifying device performance to current
serial data standards normally requires multiple tools and multiple test setups, in order to
test the devices over the entire range of requirements, from signal quality and BER
testing through to protocol level error rate verification. With the LeCroy PeRT
entire process can be accomplished quickly and easily, using a single tool and a single
experimental setup, on multiple lanes of a serial communication link.
The PeRT
3
Eagle System is the first “protocol enabled” transceiver tester, allowing the
system to run not only electrical testing and error ratio testing, but also to control the
device under test during test operation. This allows further testing under live traffic
conditions since the PeRT
3
Eagle can communicate directly with the device, generating
actual traffic to exercise the device, which then can be used to measure protocol-level
error ratios.
3
PeRT
stands for Protocol enabled Receiver and Transmitter Tolerance Tester.
The PeRT
3
Eagle combines the electrical test properties of jitter testers, the bit error ratio
testing of BERTs, and the high level protocol packet error ratio testing of protocol
exercisers. All of this is accomplished with a single system and single setup.
The PeRT
3
Eagle System has an
integrated design, combining
digital electronics and signal
processing with an analog front
end. The PeRT
3
Eagle digital
subsystem provides
programmability, protocol
awareness, and digital test pattern
generation. The analog front end
provides advanced high quality
signal generation with precise
timing control, and the ability to produce a controlled signal waveform with
user-controlled jitter levels, amplitude modulation and other electrical stress generation.
The analog front end superimposes these signal impairments on the outgoing signal to
exercise and test the receiver channel of the device under test.
The PeRT
3
Eagle System provides the ability to control and modulate the outgoing test
signal. Test capabilities include modulation of clock noise and jitter, signal shaping (such
as amplitude control, rise/fall generation), pre- and de-emphasis, and also the ability to
monitor the signal quality of the traffic returned from the test device.
The “protocol-enabled” capabilities of the PeRT
3
Eagle also allow the system to manage
protocol-specific issues that confuse less sophisticated test systems. An example is the
resynchronization of clocks in SATA systems through the use of the ALIGN primitives.
The PeRT
3
Eagle can monitor and record protocol-level errors such as CRC errors, and
protocol-specific errors such as R_ERR in SATA.
3
Eagle, this
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Version 1.6PeRT3 Eagle User Manual
The PeRT3 Eagle is able to: (1) generate patterns which produce standardized tests such
as PRBS; (2) generate protocol-level commands, which can be used both to control the
device under test (e.g., to put the device into a loop-back self-test mode, or request
information from the device on errors detected by the device); and (3) provide testing
under live traffic conditions while the PeRT
The unique combination of abilities provided by the PeRT
single system and setup, to run through an entire range of tests to verify the total
performance of the device under test. The result is an economical, efficient and
easy-to-use system for any developer working on serial data communication designs or
devices.
3
Eagle exercises the device under test.
3
Eagle allows the user, with a
System Configurations
The PeRT3 Eagle System is available in the following hardware configurations:
• PeRT
• PeRT
• PeRT
3
Eagle System -- 1 channel
3
Eagle System -- 2 channel
3
Eagle System -- 4 channel
Software
Test Suites
Upgrades
and Maintenance
Connection
to Device
Under Test
The software test suites are configured by protocol support desired, with the following
options available:
• Eagle Receiver Tolerance Test Suite, which is a general purpose suite
without specific protocol support
• Eagle SAS Receiver Tolerance Test Suite, which supports SAS protocol
• Eagle SATA Receiver Tolerance Test Suite, which supports SATA
• Eagle PCI Express Receiver Tolerance Test Suite, which supports PCI
Express
• Eagle USB 3.0 Receiver Tolerance Test Suite, which supports USB 3.0
Hardware upgrades are available to upgrade 1- or 2-channel systems to add additional
channel capability.
Maintenance agreements are available to provide extended support.
Note: PeRT
The PeRT3 Eagle provides coaxial SMA connectors to maintain signal integrity between
the device under test (DUT) and the test system. A separate SMA connector is provided
for each conductor in the differential pair (i.e., two connectors per line, four connectors
per bi-directional channel). The nature of the connection to the DUT will vary depending
on the specifics of the DUT, but close attention must be paid to maintaining signal integrity
in design and implementation of the connections.
3
Eagle systems require calibration on an annual basis to
maintain performance within factory specifications. The LeCroy
maintenance agreements normally include annual calibration of the
system.
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PeRT3 Eagle User ManualVersion 1.6
Chapter 2: Quick Start Guide
This chapter describes how to set up the PeRT3 Eagle and perform a test on a device
using a pre-programmed test script.
Unpacking the System
The PeRT3 Eagle is shipped with the following components:
• PeRT
• PeRT
• AC Power Cord
• USB Cable to connect Host PC to PeRT
Unpack the system and verify that all system components are present. If any
components are missing, contact LeCroy Service at 1-800-909-7112 (or 408-653-1260).
Requirements for the Host PC
3
Eagle Hardware Platform
3
System Software CD
3
Eagle
A host PC system must be supplied to work with the Eagle system with the following
minimum requirements:
• Minimum of 25 MB of free hard disk space. Additional space is required for
operation of applications and storing recorded results.
• Display resolution of at least 1280 x 800 with 24-bit color depth is highly
recommended. Application can be run on 800 x 600 monitor, but user
experience is much better with the higher screen resolution.
• USB 2.0 port.
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Back Panel Connections
The back panel of the PeRT3 Eagle chassis has connectors for AC Power, Reference
Clock IN, Reference Clock OUT, USB and Auxiliary Port.
Initial System Setup
Step 1 Remove the PeRT3 Eagle chassis and place it on a level, clean
surface. Make sure the power switch on the front of the unit is
in the OFF position, plug in the AC power cord to the rear of the
unit and then to a source of AC power (100-240 VAC, 47-63 Hz,
480W max).
Warning! Do not open the PeRT
user serviceable parts inside. Refer servicing to LeCroy.
See “How to Contact LeCroy” on page 69.
Step 2 Load the PeRT
(the system that will be used to control the PeRT
software by placing the PeRT
Host PC system, and double click on Setup.exe.
Step 3 If you do not already have .NET 3.5 installed on your host PC,
you will be prompted to install it. Follow the on-screen
instructions to download the .NET 3.5 installation from Microsoft
and install it.
Note:If .NET 3.5 is already installed, the installer will skip this step
and automatically start installing the PeRT
happens, skip Step 4 below and continue with Step 5.
Step 4 After .NET 3.5 is installed, double click on LeCroyPeRT3.msi to
install the PeRT
3
System Software onto your Host PC system
3
3
software.
3
Eagle enclosure. There are no
3
). Install the
System Software CD into your
3
software. If this
Step 5 Follow the on-screen installation instructions to complete
installing the software. As part of the software installation
process, the USB drivers for the hardware will be copied to the
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PeRT3 Eagle User ManualVersion 1.6
standard driver directory on your PC.
Step 6 When the software installation is complete, connect the USB
cable from the host PC to the PeRT
Step 7 Turn on the PeRT
Step 8 The operating system will prompt you to install the USB drivers
for the PeRT
the USB drivers. You will be prompted to install a USB driver for
both the Eagle R6 and for the Eagle FE6. Follow the same
procedure for both.
Note:Do NOT let the operating system connect to the Internet to
search for drivers.
Note:Allow the operating system to automatically install the
drivers.
Note:If for some reason the operating system does not
automatically find the drivers, you can manually browse to
C:\Program Files\LeCroy\PeRT3\drivers (or other directory
if you did not select the default directory on installation) and
have the operating system install the drivers from there.
3
system.
3
system. Follow the on-screen prompts to install
3
Eagle chassis.
Step 9 Restart the host computer system.
Connecting to the PeRT
Overview of
Connection
The PeRT3 Eagle System allows the user to be directly connected to the PeRT3 system
in use, or connected remotely via a network. This latter method is very useful when the
system is located in a lab or other remote location, and the user wishes to conduct testing
from their office (or home).
To support this flexibility, the software application includes both a client, which contains
the user interface displayed to the user, and a server, which communicates directly with
the PeRT
hardware, the client may exist on any PC that has a network connection to the server.
By default, the PeRT
When the client is launched, it will first search for a PeRT
finds a server, it will display "LOCALHOST(local)" in the PeRTSelection panel on the Main tab. It then attempts to connect to the local hardware
attached to the PC.
3
hardware. The server must exist on the PC directly connected to the
3
installer installs both client and server programs.
3
Eagle
3
server on the local PC. If it
3
field of the PeRT3
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Version 1.6PeRT3 Eagle User Manual
Note: If a PeRT3 server is known to be present on the local PC but the
software does not find it, try restarting the server. To do this, follow
the pathway Start> Control Panel> Services and select the item
LeCroy PeRT3 Server. Then click on Restart.
If no local server is found, the system searches for available servers on the network, and
suggests connecting to the first server it finds. The user may accept that suggestion or
reject it and choose another server from the drop-down list. Once a server has been
selected, the name and address of that server appears in the PeRTSelection panel, and the software connects to that server and populates the
script/pattern/results lists in the Main Library window from that server’s database, then
verifies the hardware. If the hardware exists, the Eagle R6 and Eagle FE-6 fields of the
3
PeRT
Selection panel are filled in and, if necessary, the hardware is re-synchronized
(this may take a minute or two and is indicated by a message in the output window
accompanied by a progress bar on the main ribbon and the "flying Eagle" cursor).
3
field of the PeRT3
Steps to
Connect
On your Host PC system, launch the Eagle software through one of the following
methods:
• From the START Menu, select All Programs, then select LeCroy, then
select PeRT3, then select LeCroy PeRT
• Double-click on the LeCroy PeRT
desktop.
3
.
3
icon on your computer
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PeRT3 Eagle User ManualVersion 1.6
The PeRT3 main application window will appear, as follows:
If the top part of the window does not appear similar to the illustration above, make sure
that the Main tab is selected along the top of the window. If this tab is not selected, click
on the tab to select it.
With the Main tab selected, the PeRT3 Selection panel will be displayed, as follows:
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Version 1.6PeRT3 Eagle User Manual
In the PeRT3 drop-down menu, select the PC that is connected to the PeRT3 Eagle
System you want to control. Typically this will be the local PC, but this allows remote
operation of a PeRT
two PC systems.
Once a PeRT
the Eagle PeRT
associated with that system will be shown underneath the system name.
The Channels drop-down menu allows you to select the number of channels you wish to
test, up to the maximum number supported by the specific PeRT
selected.
3
Eagle system as long as there is a network connection between the
3
PC server is selected, if PeRT3 hardware is connected to that system then
3
digital subsystem ("Eagle R6") and the analog front end ("Eagle FE6")
3
Eagle System
Connecting the Device Under Test
The PeRT3 Eagle System is intended for testing of serial data communication links and
components. Depending on the specific device under test, the connectors will vary, and
the means of connecting to the SMA connectors on the PeRT
vary.
The PeRT
conductors in each differential pair, labeled as (+) and (-). So a single
differential pair has two SMA connectors, and a bidirectional channel
has four connectors. There will be four SMA connections for each
channel supported by the device.
The PeRT
custom interface. For assistance in the requirements for these
connections, please contact LeCroy Support.
3
Eagle front panel provides SMA connectors for each of the
3
Eagle can be connected to the DUT using a test board or
3
Eagle front panel will also
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PeRT3 Eagle User ManualVersion 1.6
Selecting and Running a Test
To run a predefined test, select the test from
the list of tests that appears in the drop down
menu in the Master Controls panel in the top
left of the PeRT
The Master Controls panel also contains a
set of icons which can be used to control the
selected test script.
These button are (from left to right):
•Start (don’t record)
•Start (record results)
•Pause
•Stop
Note: The difference between Start (don’t record) and Start (record
3
main application window.
results) is that while running (but not recording results) the system
allows the user to change any of the signal or jitter settings while a
test is running. This is useful during initial test development to
quickly determine how the device under test behaves under different
conditions. If results are being recorded, the user may not change
test settings without first stopping the test.
Once the test is selected, the test can be started by clicking the Start (record results)
button in the Master Controls panel.
Once the test is running, the Pause and Stop buttons will become active, and can be
used to pause or stop the test respectively. The indicators to the immediate right of these
buttons (marked "1", "2", "3", and "4") refer to the four channels which can be tested
simultaneously. If a channel is active, the indicator corresponding to that channel will be
lit. In addition, a summary of error results is provided for each channel in the status
screen in the center of the Master Controls panel.
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Version 1.6PeRT3 Eagle User Manual
In addition, as the test is running, the Output window at the bottom of the main
application window will provide a log of test conditions and results.
If the test was started with the Start (record results) button, the results are automatically
saved in the Test Results library while the test is running.
An alternate way to select and run a test is to click on the test within the Test Scr i p ts tab
of the Main Library window, then either click the Run Test icon at the top of the window
or right-click on the test name and select Run Test.
Modifying a Test
On the left side of the PeRT3 main application window is a
window called Main Library. This displays the list of test
scripts, test patterns and results from previous tests that are
stored on the PeRT
horizontal tab to show a list of available test scripts.
The scroll buttons can be used to scroll through a list of
available test scripts. These scripts can include tests
supplied with the PeRT
the user, or tests originally supplied with the system and
later modified by the user.
3
server. Click on the Test Scripts
3
Eagle system, tests developed by
To select a test, double-click on the test name. A window will
appear to the right of the Main Library window with details
on the test that has been selected.
The user can scroll through the test script and make any modifications, or can simply run
the selected script without modifications.
10LeCroy Corporation
PeRT3 Eagle User ManualVersion 1.6
Note that if you want to create a copy of the test script prior to modification, single click
on the script you want to copy and click on the Copy icon at the top of the window, or right
click on the script you want to copy and select Copy from the menu that appears.
To create a new test script or to modify an existing test script, see “Creating a New Test
Script” on page 39.
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PeRT3 Eagle User ManualVersion 1.6
Chapter 3: Basic Principles of Operation
The PeRT3 Eagle generates a serial bit stream for testing of receivers through a
two-stage process. In the first stage, the bit stream is developed in accordance with the
protocol being used (if selected) and the test patterns selected. This bit stream is
originally generated to be as clean and precise as possible.
In the second step, the clean bit stream generated in the first step is passed through a
series of stages which introduce controlled distortions into the signal. There are many
choices for type of distortion, each type has many possible levels, and multiple types of
distortion can be overlapped to produce complex, but controllable, irregularities in the
signal generated. The system is designed to allow the user to test signal distortions along
many different axes (types and combinations of signal degradation), and allows the user
to establish either a simple PASS/FAIL test at a given level of distortion, or to explore the
performance envelope of a receiver by multiple tests, each of which introduces
increasing levels of distortion along different axes until predefined bit error levels are
exceeded.
In the process of testing a receiver, the device containing the receiver is first connected
to the system, then the device may go through an initialization phase, after which the
device is placed into a test mode (e.g., a simple loopback mode) which returns the signal
to the PeRT
the PeRT
interference from the return path.
3
Eagle for analysis using a clean (distortion free) return path. This allows
3
Eagle to monitor the bit error ratios encountered by the receiver with minimal
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Version 1.6PeRT3 Eagle User Manual
The eye diagram of a typical "clean" bit stream generated by the analog front end is
shown below (for 5 Gb/sec):
Introduction of Stress into Waveform
The analog front end introduces stress (or distortion) into the waveform as desired by the
user. The stressed waveform can be used to explore the performance envelope of the
device under test, to determine the types and amounts of stress the device or design can
tolerate before desired bit error rates are exceeded.
Examples of the eye diagrams that result from introduction of certain types of stress are
shown below.
PreEmphasis
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PeRT3 Eagle User ManualVersion 1.6
Random
Jitter
Periodic
Jitter
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Version 1.6PeRT3 Eagle User Manual
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PeRT3 Eagle User ManualVersion 1.6
Chapter 4: Software Overview
The PeRT3 application allows the user to control the PeRT3 Eagle Test System, to
develop test scripts for the system, to run saved test scripts, to run manual tests, and to
review results of the current or previous tests. When reviewing the results of previous
tests, the Host PC running the PeRT
3
PeRT
engineers without requiring those users to have hardware connected.
Eagle System hardware. This allows users to share test results with other
Starting the PeRT3 Program
To start the PeRT3 program from the Start menu:
Step 1 Click Start.
Step 2 Select Programs.
Step 3 Select LeCroy.
Step 4 Select PeRT3.
Step 5 Click LeCroy PeRT3.
3
application does not need to be connected to the
The main application window for the PeRT
LeCroy Corporation 17
3
, as shown above, will appear.
Version 1.6PeRT3 Eagle User Manual
Main Application Window
The main application window has two major sections, organized horizontally from top to
bottom as follows:
• The System Control Ribbon, located at the top of the window.
• The Test Development section, located in the bottom of the window .
There are two windows that by default occupy space within the Test Development
section. These are the Main Library window and the Output window. By default these
windows are "docked" to the left and bottom of the main application window, and any Test Scripts, Test Patterns or Test Results windows displayed in the Test Development
portion will be sized to fit the remaining space.
Information on re-positioning these windows can be found in “Customizing the Main
Library and Output Windows” on page 66.
The positions and relative sizes for these sections as shown above are the default sizes
and locations. The user has significant control over the locations and sizes of the various
windows. Windows can be turned on and off to suit the user’s needs. See Chapter 10:
Control of Screen Appearance.
18LeCroy Corporation
PeRT3 Eagle User ManualVersion 1.6
Main Library Window
The Main Library window provides information on
the status of a test script through the box located just
left of the script name. An open box indicates that
the script is stored on the server. A solid green
square indicates that a copy of this script has been
retrieved from the server and is currently on the client
PC as well. A solid green square with an asterisk
indicates that the script has been modified but not yet
saved on the server. A solid green square with an
arrow indicates a test script which is currently
running. The orange highlight indicates the test
script(s) currently selected, or in other words the
scripts to which Main Library commands located
across the top of the window (View/Edit, Save,
Rename, Delete, Filter or Export) will be applied.
File Menu
The File Menu is accessed by clicking
the round button in the top left corner of
the main application window. Clicking
this button produces the display shown
on the right, and provides access to the
commands New, Import, Export and
Print.
NewHovering the cursor over the New icon
display a list of commands which
include the ability to create a New Test Script or to create a New Test Pattern.
Clicking on these icons will create the
appropriate new document in new
window in the Test Development
section.
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Version 1.6PeRT3 Eagle User Manual
Import...Hovering the cursor over the Import
icon will display a tool tip as shown on
the right. Clicking the icon will bring up
a new window which allows the user to
select the file to be imported (see
below).
All files to be imported must be XML
files, and can include scripts, patterns,
test reports that have been exported
from other PeRT
files can also include license updates,
updated binaries, software updates, etc.
In addition, by modifying
the Files of Type
selection in the bottom
field of the window, the
user may select
calibration files or new
firmware files (also
formatted as XML files,
and designated with the
file extensions .CalXML
and .eeXML
respectively).
Files that are imported
are placed into the
appropriate library or
location on the local
server, or, if appropriate,
downloaded to the
hardware.
3
systems. Imported
Export...The Export command is used to export
files to be transferred to other PeRT
systems. This can include test scripts,
patterns and test results. By hovering
the cursve over the Export icon the
following options appear. The user can
select to Export current document
(script, pattern or test result), Export
current database or Export result
database. All files are exported as
XML files.
3
20LeCroy Corporation
PeRT3 Eagle User ManualVersion 1.6
PrintThe Print command can be used to
print graphs, test results, scripts, and
patterns. Hovering the cursor over the
Print icon brings up the display shown
on the right, allowing the user to Print
the current document (which brings up
a printer dialog to allow the user to
select the printer and adjust any
settings), Quick Print (which sends the
file to the default printer using the
current settings, or Print Preview (to
display the document as it is expected to appear when printed.
ExitClicking the Exit button in the lower right corner will close the PeRT
ios equivilent to clicking the red X in the top right corner of the main application window.
3
application. This
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Version 1.6PeRT3 Eagle User Manual
22LeCroy Corporation
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