Teledyne DALSA P3-80-12k40-00-R, DALSA Piranha 3, DALSA P3-80-08k40-00-R, DALSA P3-87-12k40-00-R, DALSA P3-87-08k40-00-R User Manual

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8k to 12k Line Scan CCD Cameras

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Piranha 3

Camera User’s Manual

P3-80-12k40-00-R P3-80-08k40-00-R P3-87-12k40-00-R P3-87-08k40-00-R

Piranha 3 User Manual

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© 2011 Teledyne DALSA. All information provided in this manual is believed to be accurate and reliable. No responsibility is assumed by Teledyne DALSA for its use. Teledyne DALSA reserves the right to make changes to this information without notice. Reproduction of this manual in whole or in part, by any means, is prohibited without prior permission having been obtained from Teledyne DALSA.

About Teledyne Technologies and Teledyne DALSA, Inc.

Teledyne Technologies is a leading provider of sophisticated electronic subsystems, instrumentation and communication products, engineered systems, aerospace engines, and energy and pow er generation systems. Teled yn e Technolog ies’ operations ar e primarily located in the United States, the United Kingdom and Mexico. For more information , visit Teled y ne Tech n ologies’ website at w w w .teled y ne.com.

Teledyne DALSA, a Teledyne Technologies company, is an international leader in high performance digital imaging and semiconductors with approximately 1,000 employees worldwide, headquartered in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. Established in 1980, the company designs, develops, manufactures and m arkets digital imaging products and solutions, in addition to providing MEMS products and services. For more information, visit Teled yne DA LSA’s website at w w w .teledyned alsa.com .

Support

For further information not included in this manual, or for information on Teledyne DALSA’s extensive lin e of im age sensin g pr od u cts, please con tact:

Camera Link is a trademark registered by the Automated Imaging Association, as chair of a committee of industry members including Teledyne DALSA.

03-032-10216-06 Teledyne DALSA

Piranha 3 User Manual

Contents

Introduction to the Piranha 3 Camera _________________________________________ 7

1.1 Camera Highlights ....................................................................................................................................................... 7

Features .......................................................................................................................................................... 7

Key Specifications ............................................................................................................................................ 7

Programmability ............................................................................................................................................. 8

Description ...................................................................................................................................................... 8

Applications ..................................................................................................................................................... 8

Models ............................................................................................................................................................. 8

1.2 Camera Performance Specifications ............................................................................................................................. 9

1.3 Image Sensor ............................................................................................................................................................... 12

1.4 Responsivity ................................................................................................................................................................. 13

Camera Hardware Interface ________________________________________________ 15

2.1 Installation Overview ................................................................................................................................................... 15

2.2 Input/Output Connectors and LED ............................................................................................................................... 15

Camera Link Configuration ............................................................................................................................. 18

Input Signals, Camera Link............................................................................................................................. 19

Output Signals, Camera Link .......................................................................................................................... 19

2.3 Camera Link Video Timing .......................................................................................................................................... 20

Software Interface: How to Control the Camera __________________________________ 23

Setting Baud Rate ........................................................................................................................................... 24

Camera Help Screen ........................................................................................................................................ 24

3.1 Command Categories ................................................................................................................................................... 26

3.2 Sensor Output Format ................................................................................................................................................. 27

Overview ......................................................................................................................................................... 27

Setting the Exposure Mode.............................................................................................................................. 27

Setting the Line Rate....................................................................................................................................... 30

Setting the Exposure Time .............................................................................................................................. 31

3.3 Camera Output Format ................................................................................................................................................ 31

3.4 Data Processing ........................................................................................................................................................... 33

Processing Chain Overview and Description ................................................................................................... 33

Calibrating the Camera to Remove Non-Uniformity (Flat Field Correction) .................................................. 35

Analog Signal Processing: Setting Analog Gain and Offset ........................................................................... 38

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Digital Signal Processing ................................................................................................................................ 44

Returning Calibration Results and Errors........................................................................................................ 49

Setting Thresholds .......................................................................................................................................... 51

3.5 Saving and Restoring Settings ..................................................................................................................................... 52

3.6 Diagnostics ................................................................................................................................................................... 54

Returning a Single Line of Video .................................................................................................................... 54

Returning Averaged Lines of Video ................................................................................................................ 55

Returning All Camera Settings with the Camera Parameter Screen ............................................................... 57

Returning Camera Settings with Get Commands ............................................................................................ 60

Optical and Mechanical Considerations ________________________________________ 63

4.1 Mechanical Interface .................................................................................................................................................... 63

Lens Mounts .................................................................................................................................................... 64

4.2 Optical Interface ........................................................................................................................................................... 65

Illumination .................................................................................................................................................... 65

Light Sources ................................................................................................................................................... 65

Filters .............................................................................................................................................................. 65

Lens Modeling ................................................................................................................................................. 65

Magnification and Resolution ......................................................................................................................... 66

Troubleshooting ________________________________________________________ 67

5.1 Common Solutions ....................................................................................................................................................... 67

5.2 Troubleshooting Using the Serial Interface ................................................................................................................. 68

Communications .............................................................................................................................................. 68

Verify Parameters ........................................................................................................................................... 68

Verify Factory Calibrated Settings ................................................................................................................... 68

Verify Timing and Digital Video Path ............................................................................................................. 68

Verify Voltage .................................................................................................................................................. 68

5.3 Specific Solutions ......................................................................................................................................................... 68

No Output or Erratic Behavior ......................................................................................................................... 68

Line Dropout, Bright Lines, or Incorrect Line rate .......................................................................................... 68

Noisy Output ................................................................................................................................................... 69

Dark Patches ................................................................................................................................................... 69

Camera Link™ Reference, Timing, and Configuration Table _________________________ 71

LVDS Technical Description ............................................................................................................................. 71

Camera Signal Requirements ......................................................................................................................... 71

Video Data ...................................................................................................................................................... 72

Camera Control Signals .................................................................................................................................. 72

Communication ............................................................................................................................................... 72

Power .............................................................................................................................................................. 73

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Error Handling and Command List ___________________________________________ 75

B1 Error Handling .............................................................................................................................................................. 75

B2 All Available Commands .............................................................................................................................................. 76

EMC Declaration of Conformity _____________________________________________ 85

Revision History ________________________________________________________ 87

Index _______________________________________________________________ 89

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Piranha 3 User Manual

03-032-10216-06 Teledyne DALSA

Piranha 3 User Manual

Value

Units 8k

12k

Typ (0dB Gain)

Pixel Pitch

µm

7 x 7

5 x 5

Camera Size

150 H x 42 L x 80 W (P3-80)

85 H x 54.2 L x 80 W (P3-87)

Maximum Line Rate

kHz

33.7

23.5

Broadband Responsivity

DN/ nJ/ cm2

224

138

Random Noise rms

12.5

10.5

Dynamic Range (8 bit)

ratio

328:1

391:1

FPN Corrected

DN 4 4

PRNU Corrected

Introduction to the Piranha 3 Camera

1.1 Camera Highlights

Features

• 8k or 12k resolution

• Up to 33.7 kHz line rates

• Selectable 8 or 12 bit output

• 320MHz throughput (8x40 MHz)

• 100x antiblooming

• Selectable Medium or Full Camera Lin k™ configu r at ion in terface

• Automatic tap balancing algorithms

• RoHS, CE and FCC compliant

Key Specifications

Note: All numbers referenced to 12 bits unless otherwise specified .

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Piranha 3 User Manual

Model Number

Description

P3-80-12k40-00-R

12k resolution, 8 taps, 40MHz data rate, Medium or Full Camera Link configuration.

P3-80-08k40-00-R

8k resolution, 8 taps, 40MHz data rate, Medium or Full Camera Link configuration.

P3-87-12k40-00-R

Smaller, square body, 12k resolution, 8 taps, 40MHz data rate, Medium or Full Camera Link configuration.

P3-87-08k40-00-R

Smaller, square body, 8k resolution, 8 taps, 40MHz data rate, Medium or Full Camera Link configuration.

Programmability

• Simple ASCII protocol controls gain, offset, line rates, trigger mode, pixel correction, test pattern output, and camera diagnostics

Description

The next generation of Piranha line scan cameras has arrived with more power, more speed and more resolution than ever before. The Piranha 3 camera family takes imaging to a new level with eight outputs running at 40MHz and either 8k or 12k resolutions. The large number of pixels and fast line rates specifically meet the throughput demands of flat panel inspection (Gen7 and Gen8), printed circuit board inspection, and multi-camera web inspection. With this large resolution and high speed, these cameras can inspect more panels in the same amount of time than ever before

Applications

The Piranha 3 family is ideal for applications requiring high speed, superior image quality, and high responsivity. Applications include:

 Flat panel display inspection  Printed circuit board inspection  Parcel sorting  Multi-camera web inspection  High performance document scanning  High throughput applications

Models

The Piranha 3 cameras are available in the following models.

Table 1: Piranha 3 Camera Models Overview

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Feature / Specification

Units

12k

Notes

Sensor Features

Imager Format

line scan CCD

Resolution

pixels

8192

12288

Pixel Fill Factor

100

100 Pixel Size

µm

7x7

5x5 Output Format (# of taps)

8 8 Antiblooming

100x

Optical Interface

Units

12k

Notes

Back Focal Distance

M72 Mount

mm 6.56±0.25

6.56±0.25

Sensor Alignment

x y z

z

mm mm mm °

±0.05 ±0.05 ±0.25 ±0.4

±0.05 ±0.05 ±0.25 ±0.4 Lens Mount

M72x0.75

Mechanical Interface

Units

Notes

Camera Size

mm (h x l x w)

150 x 42 x 80 (P3-80)

85 x 54.2 x 80 (P3-87)

Mass

<630 (P3-80)

<125 (P3-87)

Connectors

power connector

data connector

6 pin male Hirose MDR26 female

Electrical Interface

Units

Notes

Input Voltage

Volts

+12 to +15

Maximum power supply of ±5%

Power Dissipation

<15

Operating Temperature (measured at front plate)

°C

0 to +50

Data Output Format

Bits

8 or 12 bit user selectable

12 bits available in 4 tap operation only.

Output Data Configuration

Medium or Full Camera Link user selectable

Specification

Units

12k

Notes

Minimum Line Rate

kHz

2.5

1.2 Camera Performance Specifications

Table 2: Piranha 3 Camera Performance Specifications

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Specification

Units

12k

Notes

Maximum Line Rate

kHz

33.7

23.5 Data Throughput

MHz

320

320 Gain

-10 to +10

Operating Specifications (No Flat Field Correction)

P3-8k

Specification

Unit

-10 dB

0 dB

+10 dB

Min

Typ

Max

Min

Typ

Max

Min

Typ

Max

Notes

Broadband Responsivity

DN/ nJ/ cm2

71 189

224

236 708 1

Random Noise rms

DN 4.0

5.0 12.5

15.0 40.0

50.0 Dynamic Range (12 bit)

ratio

820

1036

274

328 82

103 DC Offset

DN 160

160

160 3

FPN ECD

DN 4

13 10

40 32

128 2 FPN ECE

DN 12

25 58

80 180

260 2 FPN Corrected

3 8 4 8 10

16 4 PRNU ECD

DN 120

330 120

330 140

330 2 PRNU ECE

DN 125

330 140

330 220

330

PRNU Pixel to Pixel

DN 80

255 80

255

PRNU Corrected ECD ECE

DN DN

16 16

48 48

18 18

64 64

48 80

80 232

2, 5, 6 NEE

pJ/ cm2

SEE

nJ/ cm2

18 6

Operating Specifications (No Flat Field Correction)

P3-12k

Specification

Unit

-10 dB

0 dB

+10 dB

Min

Typ

Max

Min

Typ

Max

Min

Typ

Max

Broadband Responsivity

DN/ nJ/ cm2

43.6 121

138

145 436 1

Random Noise rms

DN 3.3

4.1 10.5

13 33

Dynamic Range (12 bit)

ratio

1000

1242

316

391 100

125 DC Offset

DN 160

160

160 3

FPN ECD

DN 9

13 16

40 58

128 2 FPN ECE

DN 12

25 40

80 120

255 2 FPN Corrected

3 8 4 8 10

PRNU ECD

DN 120

330 120

330 140

330

PRNU ECE

DN 125

330 130

330 180

330

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Piranha 3 User Manual

PRNU Pixel to Pixel

DN 80

255 80

255

PRNU Corrected ECD ECE

DN DN

16 16

64 64

18 18

64 64

48 80

80 232

2, 5, 6 NEE

pJ/ cm2

SEE

nJ/ cm2

9.5

Test conditions unless otherwise noted:

 Data Rate: 40MHz  Line Rate: 2.5kHz  Light Source: Broadband Quartz Halogen, 3250k, with 750nm cutoff filter installed  Ambient test temperature 25°C  All numbers referenced to 12 bits unless otherwise specified  Specifications are only valid when line rates greater than 2.5kHz and input voltage is

between +12V and +15V.

Notes:

1. Halogen 3200K color temperature with 750nm cutoff filter light source, 59 µW/ cm

(12k camera) and 71.3 µW/ cm2 (8k camera) light intensity, line rate 2500 Hz (12k camera) and 5000 Hz (8k camera), ECD, 25 °C ambient temperature.

2. ECE = Exposure control enabled— exposure modes 2, 4, 5 and 6. ECD = Exposure

control disabled —exposure modes 3 and 7.

3. Offset is factory-calibrated to 160DN.

4. FPN measurement is performed in dark at 2500 Hz line rate.

5. PRNU corrected is measured at 35% saturation using FPN coefficients calculated at 0%

saturation and PRNU coefficients calculated at 70% saturation.

6. The FPN/ PRNU calibration conditions (gain, ECE, ECD, line rated, light) are set

before calibration. The residual error is confirmed to be less than the maximum specified.

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Up to12288 Photoelements (12k: 5µm x 5µm or 6k, 8k: 7µm x 7µm)

Isolation pixels

Storage Well with Exposure Control, Reset, and Shift Register

Structures

Storage Well with Exposure Control, Reset, and Shift Register Structures

Tap #

First Pixel

1-3071 (odd pixels)

2-3072 (even pixels)

3073-6143 (odd pixels)

3074-6144 (even pixels)

9215-6145 (odd pixels)

9216-6146 (even pixels)

12287-9217 (odd pixels)

12288-9217 (even pixels)

Tap #

First Pixel

1-2047 (odd pixels)

2-2048 (even pixels)

2049-4095 (odd pixels)

2050-4096 (even pixels)

6143-4097 (odd pixels)

6144-4098 (even pixels)

1.3 Image Sensor

Sensitivity is maximized through our newest IT-P9 and IT-PB sensors that were designed using our state-of-the-art CCD design process.

Figure 1: 12k40 and 08k40 Sensor Block Diagram

Table 3: 12k40 Pixel Readout

Table 4: 08k40 Pixel Readout

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Piranha 3 User Manual

8191-6141 (odd pixels)

8192-6142 (even pixels)

1.4 Responsivity

Figure 2: Responsivity Graphs

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Piranha 3 User Manual

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Piranha 3 User Manual

This installation overview assumes you have not installed any system components yet.

Camera Hardware Interface

2.1 Installation Overview

When setting up your camera, you should take these steps:

1. Power down all equipment.

2. Follow ing the m anu factu rer’s instructions, install the frame grabber (if ap p licable). Be sure to observe all static precautions.

3. Install any necessary imaging software.

4. Before connecting power to the camera, test all power supplies. Ensure that all the correct voltages are present at the camera end of the power. Power supplies must meet the requirements defined in section 2.2.2 Power Connector.

5. Inspect all cables and connectors prior to installation. Do not use damaged cables or connectors or the camera may be damaged.

6. Connect Camera Link and power cables.

7. After connecting cables, apply power to the camera.

8. Check the diagnostic LED. See 2.2.1 LED Status Indicator for an LED description.

You must also set up the other components of your system, including light sources, camera mounts, host computers, optics, encoders, an d so on.

2.2 Input/Output Connectors and LED

The camera uses a:

• Diagnostic LED for monitoring the camera. See LED Status Indicator in section 2.2.1 LED Status Indicator for details.

• 6-pin Hirose connector for power. Refer to section 2.2.2 Power Connector for details.

• High-density 26-pin MDR26 connector for Camera Link control signals, data signals,

and serial communications. Refer to section

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Color of Status LED

Meaning

Flashing Green

Camera initialization or executing a long command (e.g., flat field correction commands ccp or ccf)

Solid Green

Camera is operational and functioning correctly

Flashing Red

Fatal Error. Camera temperature is too high and camera thermal shutdown has occurred.

Solid Red

Warning. Loss of functionality (e.g. external SRAM failure)

2.2.3 Camera Link Data Connector for details.

Figure 3: Piranha 3 Input and Output Connectors

WARNING: It is extremely important that you apply the appropriate voltages to your camera. Incorrect voltages will damage the camera. See section 2.4 for more details.

2.2.1 LED Status Indicator

The camera is equipped with a red/ green LED used to display the operational status of the camera. The table below summarizes the operating states of the camera and the corresponding LED states.

When more than one condition is active, the LED indicates the condition with the highest priority. Error and warning states are accompanied by corresponding messages further describing the current camera status.

Table 5: Diagnostic LED

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Table 6: Hirose Pin Description

Pins

Description

1,2,3

+12 to +15V

4, 5, 6

GND

2.2.2 Power Connector

Figure 4: Hirose 6-pin Circular Male—Power Connector

The camera requires a single voltage input with a +12V to +15V operating range (+11V to +16V absolute maximum range). The camera meets all performance specifications using standard switching power supplies, although well-regulated linear supplies provide optimum performance.

WARNING: When setting up the camera’s power supplies follow these guidelines:

• Protect the camera with a fast-blow fuse between power supply and camera.

• Do not use the shield on a multi-conductor cable for ground.

• Keep leads as short as possible to reduce voltage drop.

• Use high-quality linear supplies to minimize noise.

• Use an isolated type power supply to prevent LVDS common mode range violation.

Note: Performance specifications are not guaranteed if your power supply does not meet

the +12V to +15V requirements.

WARNING: It is extremely important that you apply the appropriate voltages to your camera. Incorrect voltages will damage the camera. Protect the camera with a fast-blow fuse between power supply and camera.

We offer a power supply w ith attach ed 6’ pow er cable that m eets the Piranha 3 camera’s requirements, but it should not be considered the only choice. Many high quality supplies are available from other vendors. Teledyne DALSA assumes no responsibility for the use of these supplies.

Visit the www.teledynedalsa.com Web site for a list of companies that make power

su p p lies th at m eet the cam era’s req u irem en ts. The companies listed shou ld n ot be

considered the only choices.

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Configuration

8 Bit Ports Supported

Serializer Bit Width

Number of Chips

Number of MDR26 Connectors

Medium

A, B, C, D, E, F

28 2 2 Full

A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H

28 3 2

Medium and Full Configuration

Camera Connector

Right Angle Frame Grabber

Channel Link Signal

Cable Name

1 1 inner shield

Inner Shield

inner shield

Inner Shield

2 25

Y0-

PAIR1-

Y0+

PAIR1+

3 24

Y1-

PAIR2-

Y1+

PAIR2+

4 23

Y2-

PAIR3-

Y2+

PAIR3+

5 22

Yclk-

PAIR4-

18 9 Yclk+

PAIR4+

6 21

Y3-

PAIR5-

19 8 Y3+

PAIR5+

7 20

100 ohm

PAIR6+

20 7 terminated

PAIR6-

8 19

Z0-

PAIR7-

21 6 Z0+

PAIR7+

**3M part 14X26-SZLB-XXX-0LC is a complete cable assembly, including connectors. Unused pairs should be terminated in 100 ohms at both ends of the cable.

2.2.3 Camera Link Data Connector

Figure 5: Camera Link MDR26 Connector

A note concerning the length of the Camera Link cables

The length of the cables over which data can be transmitted without loss depends on the data rate and on the quality of the cables.

The camera is tested using a recognized brand of cable with a length of 5 meters. Data transmission is not guaranteed if you are using a cable greater than 5 meters in length.

Camera Link Configuration

The Camera Link interface is implemented as a Medium or Full Configuration in the Piranha 3 cameras. Refer to section 3.3.1 Setting the Camera Link Mode for details on setting the Camera Link configuration.

Table 7: Camera Link Hardware Configuration Summary

Table 8: Camera Link Connector Pinout

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Piranha 3 User Manual

Medium and Full Configuration

Camera Connector

Right Angle Frame Grabber

Channel Link Signal

Cable Name

Z1-

PAIR8-

22 5 Z1+

PAIR8+

Z2-

PAIR9+

23 4 Z2+

PAIR9-

Zclk-

PAIR10-

24 3 Zclk+

PAIR10+

Z3-

PAIR11+

25 2 Z3+

PAIR11-

inner shield

Inner Shield

inner shield

Inner Shield

Signal

Configuration

CC1

EXSYNC

CC2

PRIN

CC3

Spare

CC4

Spare

Clocking Signal

Indicates

LVAL (high)

Outputting valid line

DVAL (high)

Valid data

STROBE (rising edge)

Valid data

FVAL (high)

Outputting valid frame

IMPORTANT:

This camera’s data

should be sampled on the rising edge of STROBE.

Table 9: Camera Control Configuration

Input Signals, Camera Link

The camera accepts control inputs through the Camera Link MDR26F connector.

The camera ships in internal sync, internal programmed integration (exposure mode 2).

EXSYNC (Triggers Line Readout)

Line rate can be set internally using the serial interface. The external control signal EXSYNC is optional and enabled through the serial interface. This camera uses the falling edge of EXSYNC to trigger line readout. Section 3.2.1 Exposure Mode, Line Rate and Exposure Time details how to set frame times, exposure times, and camera modes.

Output Signals, Camera Link

These signals indicate w hen data is valid, allowing you to clock the data from the camera to your acquisition system. These signals are part of the Camera Link configuration and you should refer to the Camera Link Implementation Road Map, available here, for the standard location of these signals.

• The camera internally digitizes 12 bits and outputs 8 MSB or all 12 bits depending on th e cam era’s Ca m era Lin k op er ating m od e. Refer to section 3.3.1 Setting the Camera

Link Mode for details on setting the Camera Link configuration.

• For a Camera Link reference refer to Appendix A on page 71.

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Symbol

Definition

Min (ns)

twSYNC

The minimum low w idth of the EXSYNC pulse when not in SMART EXSYNC mode.

100

twSYNC

(SMART)

The minimum low width of the EXSYNC pulse w hen in SMART EXSYNC modes to guarantee the photosites are reset.

3,000

twSYNC_INT

The minimum width of the high pulse when the ―SMA RT EXSYNC‖ feature is tu rned off

100

twSYNC_INT

(SMART)

Is the integra tion tim e w hen th e ―SMART EXSYNC‖

feature is available and turned on. Note that the minimum time is necessary to guarantee proper operation.

3,000

2.3 Camera Link Video Timing

Figure 6: Piranha 3 Overview Timing Showing Input and Output Relationships

Figure 7: Piranha 3 Fixed (Programmed) Integration Timing with External EXSYNC

Table 10: Piranha 3 Input and Output

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Symbol

Definition

Min (ns)

tLINE PERIOD (t LP)

The minimum and maximum line times made up of tTransfer, tREADOUT plus tOVERHEAD to meet specifications.

53,190 (12k) 106,382 (8k)

tTransfer

The time from the reception of the falling ed ge of EXSYNC to the rising edge of LVAL when pretrigger is set to zero. Pretrigger reduces the number of clocks to the risin g ed ge of LVAL bu t doesn’t ch ang e the tim e to the first valid pixel. If the fixed integration time mode of operation is available and selected then the integration time is add ed to the specified value.

3,725 ±25

twFixed Int.

Fixed Integration Time mode of operation for variable exsync frequency.

800

tREADOUT

Is the number of pixels per tap times the readout clock period. Pretrigger = 0.

38,400 (12k) 25,600 (8k)

tOVERHEAD

Is the number of pixels that must elapse after the falling edge of LVAL before the EXSYNC signal can be asserted. This time is used to clamp the internal analog electronics

425±25

thPR

Applies when the PRIN exposure control feature is enabled . The PRIN signal must be held a minimum time after the EXSYNC falling edge to avoid losing the integrated charge

Don’t care

twPR_LOW

Minimum Low time to assure complete photosite reset

3,000

tPR_SET

The nominal time that the photo sites are integrating. Clock synchronization will lead to integration time jitter, which is shown in the specification as +/ values. The user should command times greater than these to ensure proper charge transfer from the photosites. Failure to meet this requirement may result in blooming in the Horizontal Shift Register.

3,000

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This chapter outlines the more commonly used commands. See section B2 All Available Commands for a list of all available commands.

Software Interface: How to Control the Camera

All Piranha 3 camera features can be controlled through the serial interface. The camera can also be used without the serial interface after it has been set up correctly. Functions available include:

 Controlling basic camera functions such as gain and sync signal source  Flat field correction  Generating a test pattern for debugging

The serial interface uses a simple ASCII-based protocol and the camera does not require any custom software.

Serial Protocol Defaults

 8 data bits  1 stop bit  No parity  No flow control  9.6kbps  Camera does not echo characters

Command Format

When entering commands, remember that:

 A carriage return <CR> ends each command.  A space or multiple space characters separate parameters. Tabs or commas are invalid

parameter separators.

 Upper and lowercase characters are accepted  The backspace key is supported

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Purpose:

Sets the speed in bps of the serial communication port.

Syntax:

sbr m

Syntax Elements:

Baud rate. Available baud rates are: 9600 (Default), 19200, 57600, and 115200.

Notes:

 Power-on rate is always 9600 baud.  The rc (reset camera) command will not reset the camera to

the power-on baud rate and will reboot using the last used baud rate.

Example:

sbr 57600

Syntax:

Notes:

For more in form ation on the cam era’s ―get‖ com m an d s, refer to

section 3.6.6 Returning Camera Settings.

 The camera will answ er each com m an d w ith either <CR><LF> ―OK >" or

<CR><LF>"Error xx: Error Message >" or ―Warning xx: Warning Message‖. Th e ">" is

always the last character sent by the camera.

The following parameter conventions are used in the manual:

i = integer value

f = real number m = member of a set s = string t = tap id x = pixel column number y = pixel row number

Setting Baud Rate

Camera Help Screen

For quick help, the camera can return all available commands and parameters through the serial interface.

There are two different help screens available. One lists all of the available commands to configure camera operation. The other help screen lists all of the commands available for retrieving camera p arameters (th ese ar e called ―get‖ com m and s).

To view the help screen listing all of the camera configuration commands, use the command:

To view a help screen listing all of the ―get‖ commands, use the command:

The camera configuration command help screen lists all available commands. Parameter ranges displayed are the absolute maximum ranges available. Depending on the current camera operating conditions, you may not be able to obtain these values. If this occurs, values are clipped and the camera returns a warning message.

Some commands may not be available in your current operating mode. The help screen displays NA in this case.

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P3 12k Example Help Screen

cao calibrate analog offset ti 0-8:0-255

ccf correction calibrate fpn ccg calibrate camera gain iti 1-4:0-8:1024-4055 ccp correction calibrate prnu clm camera link mode m 15/16/21/ cpa calibrate PRNU algorithm ii 1-4:1024-4055 css correction set sample m 256/512/1024/ dpc display pixel coeffs xx 1-12288:1-12288 els end of line sequence i 0-1 epc enable pixel coefficients ii 0-1:0-1 gcm get camera model gcp get camera parameters gcs get camera serial gcv get camera version get get values s gfc get fpn coeff x 1-12288 gh get help gl get line xx 1-12288:1-12288 gla get line average xx 1-12288:1-12288 gpc get prnu coeff x 1-12288 gsf get signal frequency i 1-4 gss get sensor serial h help lpc load pixel coefficients i 0-4 rc reset camera rfs restore factory settings roi region of interest xyxy 1-12288:1-1:1-12288:1-1 rpc reset pixel coeffs rus restore user settings sag set analog gain tf 0-8:-10.0-+10.0 sao set analog offset ti 0-8:0-255 sbr set baud rate m 9600/19200/57600/115200/ sdo set digital offset ti 0-8:0-2048 sem set exposure mode m 2/3/4/5/6/7/8/ set set exposure time f 3-3330 [uSec] sfc set fpn coeff xi 1-12288:0-2048 sfr set fpn range xxi 1-8192:1-8192:0-2048 slt set lower threshold i 0-4095 sot set output throughput m 320/ spc set prnu coeff xi 1-12288:0-28671 spr set prnu range xxi 1-8192:1-8192:0-28671 spt set pretrigger i 0-16 ssb set subtract background ti 0-8:0-4095 ssf set sync frequency f 300-23619 ssg set system gain ti 0-8:0-65535 sut set upper threshold i 0-4095 svm set video mode i 0-2 ugr update gain reference vt verify temperature vv verify voltage wfc write FPN coefficients i 1-4 wpc write PRNU coefficients i 1-4 wus write user settings

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Sensor Output Format

Data Processing

Camera Output Format

Set Frame/Line Rate ( )

Set Exposure Time ( )

ssf

set

Set Exposure Mode ( )sem

Region of Interest ( )

Correction Set Sample ( )

Enable Pixel Coefficients ( )

Set PRNU Coefficient ( )

Set FPN Coefficient ( )

roi

css

epc

spc

sfc

Set Analog Gain ( or )

Update Gain Reference ( )

Set Analog Offset ( )

Calibrate Analog Offset ( )

Calculate FPN ( ) Set Digital Offset ( ) Calculate PRNU ( )

Set Background Subtract ( )

Set Digital System Gain ( )

sag ccg

ugr

sao

cao

ccf

sdo

ccp

ssb

ssg

Camera Link Mode ( )

Camera Throughput ( )

Set Upper Threshold ( ) Set Lower Threshold ( )

clm

sot

sut slt

Generate a Test Pattern ( )

End of Line Sequence ( )

Set Pretrigger ( )

svm

els

spt

Save Current User Settings ( )

Restore Previously Saved User Settings ( )

Save Current PRNU Coefficients ( )

Save Current FPN Coefficients ( )

Load Pixel Coefficients ( )

Reset Pixel Coefficients ( )

Restore Factory Settings ( )

Reboot Camera ( )

wus

rus

wpc

wfc

lpc

rpc

rfs

Saving and Restoring Settings

Diagnostics

Get Line of Data ( )

Get an Average of Multiple Lines ( )

Display Pixel Coefficients ( )

Measure Internal Temperature ( )

Measure Input Voltage ( )

gla

dpc

Get Commands

Other

Help ( )

Set Baud Rate ( )

sbr

Section 3.2

Section 3.3

Section 3.4

Section 3.5

Section 3.6

Introduction

Set PRNU Range ( )spr

Set FPN Range ( )sfr

3.1 Command Categories

The follow in g d iag ram cat egorizes and lists all of th e camera’s com m a nds. This ch ap ter is organized by command category.

Figure 8: Command Categories

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1. You must first set the camera mode using the sem command.

2. Next, if using mode 2, 7 or 8 use the commands ssf and/ or set to set the line rate and

exposure time.

Purpose:

Sets the cam era’s exp osure mod e allow ing you to control you r

sync, exposure time, and line rate generation.

Syntax:

sem i

Syntax Elements:

Exposure mode to use. Factory setting is 7.

Notes:

 Refer to Table 11: Piranha 3 Exposure Modes for a quick list

of available modes or to the following sections for a more detailed explanation.

 To obtain the current value of the exposure mode, use the

command gcp or get sem.

Related Commands:

ssf, set

Example:

sem 3

Mode

SYNC

PRIN

Description

Internal

Yes

Internal frame rate and exposure time. Exposure mode enabled (ECE)

External

Internal

Maximum exposure time. Exposure control disabled (ECD)

External

Internal

Smart EXSYNC. ECE.

External

External sync, external pixel reset. ECE.

External

Internal

Yes

Fixed integration time. ECE.

Internal

Yes

Internal line rate, maximum exposure time. ECD.

3.2 Sensor Output Format

3.2.1 Exposure Mode, Line Rate and Exposure Time

Overview

You have a choice of op erating in one of seven mod es. The cam era’s line rate

(synchronization) can be generated internally through the software command ssf or set externally with an EXSYNC signal, depending on your mode of operation. To select how you wan t th e camera’s lin e rate to be generated:

Setting the Exposure Mode

Table 11: Piranha 3 Exposure Modes

Programmable Line Rate Programmable Exposure Time

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Mode

SYNC

PRIN

Description

Internal

Yes

Maximum line rate for exposure time. ECE.

Programmable Period (set command)

Line Period

Readout

Exposure Time

CR=Charge Reset

Line Period

Programmable Period

Exposure Time

Programmable Period (ssf command)

Readout

Programmable Period

Line Period

Exposure Time

Line Period

Readout

Exposure Time

Falling Edge

Ignored During

Readout

Falling Edge

Ignored During

Readout

EXSYNC

Note: When setting the camera to external signal modes, EXSYNC and/or PRIN must be supplied.

Exposure Modes in Detail

Mode 2: Internally Programmable Line Rate and Exposure Time

Mode 2 operates at a user specified line rate and exposure time.  When setting the line rate (using the ssf command), exposure time will be reduced,

if necessary, to accommodate the new line rate. The exposure time will always be set to the maximum time (line period – line transfer time – pixel reset time) for that line rate when a new line rate requiring reduced exposure time is entered.

 When setting the exposure time (using the set command), line time will be

increased, if necessary, to accommodate the exposure time. Under this condition, the line time will equal the exposure time + line transfer time.

Example 1: Exposure Time less than Line Period

Mode 3: External Trigger with Maximum Exposure

Line rate is set by the period of the external trigger pulses. The falling edge of the external trigger marks the beginning of the exposure.

Example 2: Line Rate is set by External Trigger Pulses.

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Exposure Time

Readout

Line Period Line Period

EXSYNC

Readout

EXSYNC

Line Period

cr=Charge Reset

Readout

PRIN

Line Period

Readout

EXSYNC

Line Period

CR=Charge Reset

Readout

Line Period

Programmable Period

Using Command

set

Programmable Period Using command

set

Mode 4: Smart EXSYNC, External Line Rate and Exposure Time

In this mode, EXSYNC sets both the line period and the exposure time. The rising edge of EXSYNC marks the beginning of the exposure and the falling edge initiates readout.

Example 3: Trigger Period is Repetitive and Greater than Read Out Time.

Mode 5: External Line Rate (EXSYNC) and External Pixel Reset (PRIN)

In this mode, the falling edge of EXSYNC sets the line period and the rising edge of PRIN sets the start of exposure time.

Figure 9: EXSYNC controls Line Period and PRIN controls Exposure Time

Mode 6: External Line Rate and Internally Programmable Exposure Time

Figure 10: EXSYNC controls Line Period with Internally controlled Exposure Time

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Programmable Period

Frame Period

Readout

Exposure Time

CR=Charge Reset

Frame Period

Programmable Period

CR Exposure Time

Readout

Purpose:

Sets the cam era’s line rate in Hz. Ca mera m u st be op erating in

exposure mode 2 or 7.

Syntax:

ssf f

Syntax Elements:

Desired line rate in Hz. Allowable values are: 12k: 2500-23619 Hz 8k: 2500-33855 Hz

Notes:

 To read the current line frequency, use the command gcp or

get ssf.

 If you enter an invalid line rate frequency, an error message is

returned.

Related Commands:

sem, set

Example:

ssf 10000

Exposure Time

Readout

Internal Sync set

with Command

ssf

Line Period

Exposure Time

Readout

Line Period

EXSYNC Falling

Edge ignored

EXSYNC Falling

Edge ignored

during readout

Applies to Modes 2 and 7

during readout (Only Possible on

sot change)

Mode 7: Internally Programmable Line Rate, Maximum Exposure Time

In this mode, the line rate is set internally with a maximum exposure time.

Figure 11: Mode 7 Camera Timing

Mode 8: Maximum Line Rate, Programmable Exposure Time

In this mode, the exposure time is set internally with a maximum line rate.

Figure 12: Mode 8 Timing

Setting the Line Rate

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Purpose:

Sets the cam era’s exp osure tim e is µs. Cam er a mu st be op eratin g in

mode 2 or 8.

Syntax:

set f

Syntax Elements:

Desired exposure time in µs. Allowable values are 3 to 3330µs.

Notes:

 To read the current line frequency, use the command gcp or

get set.

 If you enter an invalid line rate frequency, an error message is

returned.

Related Commands:

sem, ssf

Example:

set 400.5

Purpose:

Sets the cam era’s Cam era Link configuration, number of Camera Link taps and data bit depth. Refer to Table 12 for a description of each Camera Link mode.

Syntax:

clm m

Syntax Elements:

Output mode to use:

15: Medium configuration, 4 taps, 8 bit output 16: Medium configuration, 4 taps, 12 bit output 21: Full configuration, 8 taps, 8 bit output

Notes:

 To obtain the current data mode, use the command gcp or get

clm.

 The bit patterns are defined by the Camera Link Roadmap and

the Camera Link Standard.

Example:

clm 15

Applies to Modes 2 and 8

Setting the Exposure Time

3.3 Camera Output Format

3.3.1 Setting the Camera Link Mode

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Camera Link Mode Configuration (Controlled by clm command)

Command

Camera Link Configuration

Camera Link Taps

Camera Link Data Rate

Bit Depth

clm 15

Medium

4 Camera Link taps where: 1 = CCD tap 1+2 2 = CCD tap 3+4 3 = CCD tap 5+6 4 = CCD tap 7+8

Note: Concatenated taps are interleaved. Refer to section 1.3 for a sensor readout description.

80MHz

clm 16

Medium

4 Camera Link taps where: 1 = CCD tap 1+2 2 = CCD tap 3+4 3 = CCD tap 5+6 4 = CCD tap 7+8

Note: Concatenated taps are interleaved. Refer to section 1.3 for a sensor readout description.

80MHz

clm 21

Full

8 Camera Link taps where: 1 = CCD tap 1 2 = CCD tap 2 3 = CCD tap 3 4 = CCD tap 4 5 = CCD tap 5 6 = CCD tap 6 7 = CCD tap 7 8 = CCD tap 8

40MHz

Purpose:

In these cameras, the sot command works in conjunction with the clm command (see above) and determines the throughput of the camera. The Piranha 3 currently only supports a throughput of 320. This may change in future cameras.

Syntax:

sot m

Syntax Elements:

Output throughput. Allowable value is: 320 = 4 taps at 80MHz or 8 taps at 40MHz

Table 12: Piranha 3 Data Readout Configurations

3.3.2 Setting the Camera Throughput

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Purpose:

Some framegrabbers require a small amount of time (several pixels) to acquire data from a camera. Pretrigger allows the framegrabber set up time by sending the LVAL signal high several pixels earlier than valid data.

Syntax:

spt i

Syntax Elements:

Pretrigger in a range from 0 to 16.

Purpose:

Sets the pixel range used to collect the end-of-line statistics and sets the region of pixels used in the ccg, cao, gl, gla, ccf, ccp, and

cpa commands.

In most applications, the field of view exceeds the required object size and these extraneous areas should be ignored. It is recommended that you set the region of interest a few pixels inside the actual useable image.

Syntax:

roi x1 y1 x2 y2

Syntax Elements:

Pixel start number. Must be less than the pixel end number in a range from 1 to sensor resolution.

Column start number. Since the Piranha 3 is a line scan camera, this value must be 1.

Pixel end number. Must be greater than or equal to the pixel start number in a range from 2 to sensor resolution.

Column end number. Since the Piranha 3 is a line scan camera, this value must be 1.

Notes:

 To return the current region of interest, use the commands gcp

or get roi.

Related Commands

ccg, cao, gl, gla, ccf, ccp,els

Example:

roi 10 1 50 1

3.3.3 Setting a Pretrigger

3.4 Data Processing

3.4.1 Setting a Region of Interest (ROI:setting)

3.4.2 Analog and Digital Signal Processing Chain

Processing Chain Overview and Description

The follow in g d iag ram sh ows a simplified b lock d iagram of the camera’s an alog an d

digital processing chain. The analog processing chain begins with an analog gain

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adjustment, followed by an analog offset adjustment. These adjustments are applied to the video analog signal prior to its digitization by an A/ D converter.

The digital processing chain contains the FPN correction, the PRNU correction, the background subtract, and the digital gain and offset. All of these elements are user programmable.

Figure 13: Signal Processing Chain

Analog Processing

Optimizing offset performance and gain in the analog domain allows you to achieve a better signal-to-noise ratio and dynamic range than you would achieve by trying to optimize the offset in the digital domain. As a result, perform all analog adjustments prior to any digital adjustments.

1. Analog gain (sag or ccg command ) is multiplied by the analog signal to increase the

signal strength before the A/ D conversion. It is used to take advantage of the full dynamic range of the A/ D converter. For example, in a low light situation the brightest part of the image may be consistently coming in at only 50% of the DN. An analog gain of 6 dB (2x) will ensure full use of the dynamic range of the A/ D converter. Of course the noise is also increased.

2. The analog offset (sao or cao command) or black lev el is an ―artificia l‖ offset

introduced into the video path to ensure that the A/ D is functioning properly. The analog offset should be set so that it is at least 3 times the rms noise value at the current gain.

Digital Processing

To optimize camera performance, digital signal processing should be completed after any analog adjustments.

1. Fixed pattern noise (FPN) calibration (calculated using the ccf command) is used to

subtract away individual pixel dark current.

2. The digital offset (sdo command) ena bles the su btraction of the ―artificial‖ A/ D offset

(th e analog offset) so that ap plication of th e PRN U coefficient d oesn’t resu lt in

artifacts at low light levels due to the offset value. You may want to set the sdo value if you are not using FPN correction but want to perform PRNU correction.

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where

outpu t

digital output pixel value

input

digital input pixel value from the CCD

PRNU( pixel)

PRNU correction coefficient for this pixel

FPN( pixel )

FPN correction coefficient for this pixel

Background Subtract

background subtract value

System Gain

digital gain value

3. Photo-Response Non-Uniformity (PRNU) coefficients (calculated using the ccp or

cpa commands) are used to correct the difference in responsivity of individual pixels

(i.e. given the same amount of light different pixels will charge up at different rates) and the change in light intensity across the image either because of the light source or due to optical aberrations (e.g. there may be more light in the center of the image). PRNU coefficients are multipliers and are defined to be of a value greater than or equal to 1. This ensures that all pixels will saturate together.

4. Background subtract (ssb command) and system (digital) gain (ssg command) are

used to increase image contrast after FPN and PRNU calibration. It is useful for systems that process 8-bit d ata bu t w an t to take ad van tage of the cam era’s 12 bit digital processing chain. For example, if you find that your image is consistently between 128 and 255DN(8 bit), you can subtract off 128 (ssb 2048) and then multiply by 2 (ssg 0 8192) to get an output range from 0 to 255.

Calibrating the Camera to Remove Non-Uniformity (Flat Field Correction)

Flat Field Correction Overview

This camera has the ability to calculate correction coefficients in order to remove non uniformity in the image. This video correction operates on a pixel-by-pixel basis and implements a two point correction for each pixel. This correction can reduce or eliminate image distortion caused by the following factors:

output

 Fixed Pattern Noise (FPN)  Photo Response Non Uniformity (PRNU)  Lens and light source non-uniformity

Correction is implemented such that for each pixel:

=[(V

- FPN( pixel ) - digital offset) * PRNU(pixel) – Background Subtract] x System Gain

input

The algorithm is performed in two steps. The fixed offset (FPN) is determined first by performing a calibration without any light. This calibration determines exactly how much offset to subtract per pixel in order to obtain flat output when the CCD is not exposed.

The white light calibration is performed next to determine the multiplication factors required to bring each pixel to the required value (target) for flat, white output. Video output is set slightly above the brightest pixel (depending on offset subtracted).

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Brightest Pixel (per tap)

Darkest Pixel (per tap)

Note: If your illumination or white reference does not extend the full field of view of the camera, the camera will send a warning.

3 >

Flat Field Correction Restrictions

It is important to do the FPN correction first. Results of the FPN correction are used in the PRNU procedure. We recommend that you repeat the correction when a temperature change greater than 10°C occurs or if you change the analog gain, integration time, or line rate.

PRNU correction requires a clean, white reference. The quality of this reference is important for proper calibration. White paper is often not sufficient because the grain in the white paper will distort the correction. White plastic or white ceramic will lead to better balancing.

For best results, ensure that:

 50 or 60 Hz ambient light flicker is sufficiently low not to affect camera performance

and calibration results.

 For best results, the analog gain should be adjusted for the expected operating

conditions and the ratio of the brightest to darkest pixel in a tap should be less than 3 to 1 where:

 The camera is capable of operating under a range of 8 to 1, but will clip values larger

than this ratio.

 The brightest pixel should be slightly below the target output.  When 6.25% of pixels from a single row within the region of interest are clipped, flat

field correction results may be inaccurate.

 Correction results are valid only for the current analog gain and offset values. If you

change these values, it is recommended that you recalculate your coefficients.

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Set up the camera operating environment (i.e. line rate, exposure, offset, gain, etc.)

Set the calibration sample size using

the command css. It is recommended that

you use the default setting.

Perform FPN calculation

Perform PRNU calculation

1. Stop all light from entering the camera. (Tip: Cover lens with a lens cap.)

2. Verify that the output signal level is within range by issuing the command or . If there are too many zeros in the output data (more than 6.25% of output data within the roi) , increase the analog offset ( ) or use the automated algorithm . If the average of the pixels is too high for your application, reduce the analog offset or gain level ( ).

3. Issue the command . The camera will respond with OK> (if no error occurs). FPN calculation automatically calibrates FPN coefficients and digital offset.

4. After the calibration is complete, you should save these settings to non-volatile memory so they will be reusable on reboot. To do so, issue the commands

and .

5. To verify output, enable the FPN coefficients using the command . You should see close to zero output.

gl gla

sao

cao 0

sag

ccf

wfc

wus

epc 1 0

1. Place a white reference in front of the camera.

2. Verify that the output signal level is within range by issuing the command or . If the signal level is too low, increase your light level, adjust the analog gain ( ) or use the automated algorithm . DALSA recommends a target value of about 80% of saturation. If you change the gain, FPN coefficients should be recalculated.

3. Issue the command . The camera will respond with OK>( if no error occurs).

4. After the calculation is complete, you can save these settings to non-volatile memory so they will be remembered after power-down and direction change. To do so, issue the commands and 5

gla

sag ccg i 0 i

ccp

wpc wus.

. Enable the coefficients using the command, . epc 1 1

Perform PRNU calculation next to determine the multiplication factors required to bring each pixel to the required value (balance target) for flat, white output.

Set the region of interest to include all

of the image’s pixels of importance using

the command roi x1 y1 x2 y2. You can use

the default if you want to calibrate all pixels.

Note: All commands listed above are described in detail in the following sections in the order

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Piranha 3 User Manual

Purpose:

Sets the cam era’s analog g ain valu e. An alo g g ain is multip lied by

the analog signal to increase the signal strength before the A/ D conversion. It is used to take advantage of the full dynamic range of the A/ D converter.

Syntax:

sag t f

Syntax Elements:

Tap selection. Use 0 for all taps or 1 to 8 for individual tap selection.

Gain value in a range from –10 to +10dB in steps of .035 (typical).

Notes:

 To return the current analog gain setting, use the command

gcp or get sag.

Example:

sag 0 5.2

Related Commands:

ccg

Analog Signal Processing: Setting Analog Gain and Offset

All analog signal processing chain commands should be performed prior to FPN and PRNU calibration and prior to digital signal processing commands. All digital processing (digital offset, pixel coefficients, background subtract and digital gain) should be disabled prior to performing analog processing. To disable digital processing, send the following commands: sdo 0 0, epc 0 0, ssb 0 0, ssg 0 4096.

Setting Analog Gain

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Purpose:

Instead of manually setting the analog gain to a specific value, the camera can determine appropriate gain values for optimal tap matching. This command calculates and sets the analog gain according to the algorithm determined by the first parameter.

Syntax:

ccg i t i

Syntax Elements:

Calibration algorithm to use. 1 = This algorithm adjusts analog gain so that 8% to 13% of

tap region of interest (ROI) pixels are above the specified target value.

2 = This algorithm adjusts analog gain so that the average pixel v alue in tap’s ROI is equal to the specified target value.

3 = This algorithm adjusts digital gain (ssg) so that the average p ixel value in tap’s ROI is equal to the specified target.

4 = This algorithm adjusts the analog gain so that the maximum pixel per tap within the ROI of the multi-line average (css command) is equal to the specified target.

Tap value. Use 0 for all taps or 1 to 8 for individual tap

selection.

Calculation target value in a range from 1024 to 4055DN

(12 bit LSB).

Notes:

 This function requires constant light input while executing.  If very few tap pixels are within the ROI, gain calculation

may not be optimal.

 When all taps are selected, taps outside of the ROI are set to

the average gain of the taps that are within the ROI.

 Perform analog gain algorithms before performing FPN and

PRNU calibration.

 All digital settings affect the analog gain calibration. If you

do not want the digital processing to have any effect on the camera gain calibration, then turn off all digital settings by sending the commands: sdo 0 0, epc 0 0, ssb 0 0, and

ssg 0 4096

Example:

ccg 2 0 3040

Related Commands:

sag, ssg

Calibrating Camera Gain (Automatic Tap Matching)

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Purpose:

Sets the analog offset. The analog offset should be set so that it is at least 3 times the rms noise value at the current gain. The analog offset for the noise is configured at the maximum specified gain and as a result you should not need to adjust the analog offset.

Syntax:

sao t i

Syntax Elements:

Tap selection. Use 0 for all taps or 1 to 8 for individual tap selection.

i Offset value in a range from 0 to 255DN (12 bit LSB).

Notes:

 To return the current analog offset value, use the command

gcp or get sao.

Example:

sao 3 35

Related Commands:

cao

Purpose:

Instead of manually setting the analog offset to a specific value, the camera can determine appropriate offset values. This

com m an d calculates and averages ea ch tap’s p ixels w ithin the

region of interest and sets the offset to achieve the specified average target value.

Syntax:

cao t i

Syntax Elements:

Tap selection. Use 0 for all taps or 1 to 8 for individual tap selection.

Average target value in a range from 0 to 255DN (12 bit LSB).

Notes:

 Perform analog offset calibration before performing FPN and

PRNU coefficients.

 To return the current analog offset values, use the command

gcp or get cao.

Example:

cao 1 50

Related Commands:

sao

Setting Analog Offset

Calibrating Analog Offset

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Tap 1(odd) Tap 2(even)

Video

Region of Interest

ccg 1 4 2800

Since tap 4 is within the region of interest, tap 4 gain is adjusted so that the peak value is set to 2800. Gain values for all other taps are left unchanged.

Tap 5(odd) Tap 6(even)

Tap 7(odd) Tap 8(even)

122884000

9700

2800

4095

Pixel

Numb

After analog gain calibration

Before analog gain calibration

Tap 4(even)

Tap 3(odd)

The following diagrams summarize and provide an example of how analog gain is calibrated when using a region of interest.

In the following example, analog gain is being set for a single tap inside the region of interest. The peak value of the tap is calibrated to the specified target value and all other taps remain unchanged.

Figure 14: Calibrating Analog Gain for a Tap outside of the Region of Interest

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ccg 1 2 2800

Since tap 2 is completely outside the region of interest, an error message is returned and analog gain calibation does not occur.

Video

Region of Interest

122884000

9700

2800

After analog gain calibration

Before analog gain calibration

4095

xel N

mbe

Tap 1(odd)

Tap 2(even)

Tap 5(odd)

Tap 6(even)

Tap 7(odd) Tap 8(even)

Tap 3(odd)

Tap 4(even)

In the following example, analog gain is being set for a tap outside the region of interest. Since analog gain cannot be set for taps outside the region of interest, an error message is returned and calibration does not occur.

Figure 15: Calibrating Analog Gain for a Tap inside the Region of Interest

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Video

Region of Interest

122884000

9700

2800

After analog gain calibration

Before analog gain calibration

4095

ccg 1 0 2800

When calibrating all taps, taps completely outside the region of interest (in this example, interleaved taps 1and 2) are calibrated to the average analog gain of taps within the region of interest. Taps within the region of interest calibrate to the target value. Note: Seams between taps will be visible until you perform white light calibration using the command.ccp

Pixel Number

Tap 1(odd)

Tap 2(even)

Tap 5(odd)

Tap 6(even)

Tap 7(odd)

Tap 8(even)

Tap 3(odd)

Tap 4(even)

Purpose:

Sets the current analog gain setting to be the 0dB point. This is useful after tap gain matching allowing you to change the gain on all taps by the same amount.

Syntax:

ugr

In the following example, analog gain is being set for all taps. The peak value of each tap within the region of interest is calibrated to the specified target value. All taps completely outside the region of interest are calibrated to the average analog gain value of the taps inside the region of interest.

Figure 16: Calibrating Analog Gain for all Taps

Updating the Gain Reference

To update the analog gain reference:

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Syntax:

Performs FPN correction and eliminates FPN noise by subtracting away individual pixel dark current.

Syntax:

ccf

Notes:

 Perform all analog and digital adjustments before

performing FPN correction.

 Perform FPN correction before PRNU correction.  Refer to Calibrating the Camera to Remove Non-Uniformity

(Flat Field Correction)on page 35 for a procedural overview on performing flat field correction.

Related Commands:

ccp

Example:

ccf

Purpose:

Sets an individua l p ixel’s FPN coefficient.

Syntax

sfc x i

Syntax Elements:

The pixel number from 1 to sensor pixel count.

Coefficient value in a range from 0 to 2048 (12 bit LSB).

Example:

sfc 10 50

Digital Signal Processing

To optimize camera performance, digital signal processing should be completed after any analog adjustments.

FPN Correction

Performing FPN Correction

Setting a Pixel’s FPN Coefficient

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Purpose:

Sets the digital offset. Digital offset is set to zero when you perform FPN correction (ccf command). If you are unable to perform FPN correction, you can partially remove FPN by adjusting the digital offset.

Syntax:

sdo t i

Syntax Elements:

Tap selection. Allowable range is 1 to 8, or 0 for all taps.

Subtracted offset value in a range from 0 to 2048 where

FPN Coefficient= (12 bit LSB Justified)i

Notes:

 When subtracting a digital value from the digital video

signal, the output can no longer reach its maximum unless you apply digital gain using the ssg command. See the previous section for details on the ssg command.

Related Commands:

ssg

Example:

sdo 0 100

Purpose:

Performs PRNU correction and eliminates the difference in responsivity between the most and least sensitive pixel cr eating a uniform response to light.

Syntax

ccp

Notes:

 Perform all analog adjustments before calculating PRNU.  Perform FPN correction before PRNU correction.  If FPN cannot be calibrated, use the rpc command to reset

all coefficients to zero, and save them to memory with the

wfc command. You can then adjust the digital offset (sdo

command) to remove some of the FPN.

 Ensure camera is operating at its expected analog gain,

integration time, and temperature.

 Refer to Calibrating the Camera to Remove Non-

Uniformity (Flat Field Correction)on page 35 for a procedural overview on performing flat field correction.

Related Commands:

ccf

Setting Digital Offset

PRNU Correction

Performing PRNU Correction to a Camera Calculated Value

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Purpose:

Performs PRNU calibration to user entered value and eliminates the difference in responsivity between the most and least sensitive pixel creating a uniform response to light. Using this command , you must provide a calibration target.

Syntax:

cpa i i

Syntax Elements:

PRNU calibration algorithm to use: 1 = Th is algorith m first adjusts each tap’s analog g ain so th at 8-

13% of pixels within a tap are above the value specified in the target value parameter. PRNU calibration then occurs using the peak pixel in the region of interest (ROI).

2 = Calculates the PRNU coefficients using the entered target value as shown below:

PRNU Coefficient =

Target

(AVG Pixel Value ) - (FPN + value)sdo

The calculation is performed for all sensor pixels but warnings are only applied to pixels in the region of interest. This algorithm is useful for achieving uniform output across multiple cameras. Recommended peak video output before PRNU calibration is 5-20% lower than target. The target value must be greater than the current peak output value.

This command performs the same function as the cpp command but requires that you enter a target value.

3 = This algorithm includes an analog gain adjustment prior to PRNU calibration. Analog gain is first adjusted so that the peak pixel v alue in tap’s ROI is within 97 to 99% of the specified target value. It then calculates the PRNU coefficients using the target value as shown below:

PRNU Coefficient =

Target

(AVG Pixel Value ) - (FPN + value)sdo

The calculation is performed for all sensor pixels but warnings are only applied to pixels in the region of interest. This algorithm is useful for achieving uniform output across multiple cameras.

4 = Calculates the PRNU coefficient in the same way as cpa 2 with the exception that this command only calculates PRNU for pixels within the current Region of Interest (ROI).

Peak target value in a range from 1024 to 40554DN.

Notes:

 Perform all analog adjustments before calibrating PRNU.  Calibrate FPN before calibrating PRNU. If FPN cannot be

calibrated, use the rpc command to reset all coefficients to zero, and save them to memory with the wfc command. You can then adjust the digital offset (sdo command) to remove some of the FPN.

 Note: Refer to Calibrating the Camera to Remove Non-

Uniformity (Flat Field Correction)on page 35 for a procedural

Performing PRNU to a User Entered Value

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overview on performing flat field correction.

Example:

cpa 1 600

Purpose:

Sets an individua l p ixel’s PRN U coefficient.

Syntax:

spc i i

Syntax Elements:

The pixel number from 1 to sensor pixel count.

Coefficient value in a range from 0 to 28671 where:

Example:

spc 1024 10000

Purpose:

Sets a range of pixel PRNU coefficients.

Syntax:

spr i i x

Syntax Elements:

The first pixel number of the range.

The last pixel number of the range.

Coefficient value in a range from 0 to 28671 where:

Notes:

 The first pixel of the range must be less than the last.

Example:

spr 4001 4096 0

Purpose:

Use the background subtract command after performing flat field correction if you w ant to improve your image in a low contrast scene. It is useful for systems that process 8-bit data but want to take ad vantage of th e camera’s 12 bit digital pr ocessing chain . You should try to make your darkest pixel in the scene equal to zero.

Syntax:

ssb t i

Syntax Elements:

Tap selection. Allowable range is 1 to 8, or 0 for all taps.

i Subtracted value in a range in DN from 0 to 4095.

prnu coefficient =

4096

1 +

prnu coefficient =

4096

1 + i i

Setting a Pixel’s PRNU Coefficient

Setting a range of Pixel PRNU Coefficients

Subtracting Background

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Notes:

 When subtracting a digital value from the digital video signal

the output can no longer reach its maximum. Use the ssg command to correct for this where:

ssg value =

max output value

max output value - ssb value

Related Commands:

ssg

Example

ssb 0 25

Purpose:

Improves signal output swing after a background subtract. When subtracting a digital value from the digital video signal, using the

ssb command, the output can no longer reach its maximum. Use

this command to correct for this where:

ssg value =

max output value

max output value - ssb value

Syntax:

ssg t i

Syntax Elements:

Tap selection. Allowable range is 1 to 8, or 0 for all taps.

Gain setting. The gain ranges are 0 to 65535. The digital video values are multiplied by this value where:

Digital Gain=

4096

Use this command in conjunction with the ssb command.

Related Commands:

ssb

Example:

ssg 1 15

Setting Digital System Gain

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Purpose:

Returns all the current pixel coefficients in the order FPN, PRNU, FPN , PRNU… for the range specified by x1 and x2. The camera also returns the pixel number with every fifth coefficient.

Syntax:

dpc x1 x2

Syntax Elements:

Start pixel to display in a range from 1 to sensor pixel count.

End pixel to display in a range from 1 to sensor pixel count.

Notes:

 This function returns all the current pixel coefficients in the

ord er FPN , PRNU, FPN , PRNU… Th e camera also r eturn s the

pixel number with each coefficient.

Example:

dpc 10 20

Purpose:

Retur ns a pixel’s FPN coefficient valu e in DN (12 bit LSB)

Syntax:

gfc i

Syntax Elements:

The pixel number to read in a range from 1 to sensor pixel count.

Example:

gfc 10

Purpose:

Sets a range of pixel FPN coefficients.

Syntax

sfr x x i

Syntax Elements:

The first pixel number of the range.

The last pixel number of the range.

Coefficient value in a range from 0-2048.

Notes:

 The first pixel of the range must be less than the last.

Example:

sfr 1 100 80

Returning Calibration Results and Errors

Returning All Pixel Coefficients

Returning FPN Coefficients

Setting a Range of FPN Coefficients

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Purpose:

Retur ns a pixel’s PRNU coefficien t v alue in DN (12 bit LSB)

Syntax:

gpc i

Syntax Elements:

The pixel number to read in a range from 1 to sensor pixel count.

Example:

gpc 10

Purpose:

Enables and disables FPN and PRNU coefficients.

Syntax:

epc i i

Syntax Elements:

FPN coefficients.

0 = FPN coefficients disabled 1 = FPN coefficients enabled

PRNU coefficients.

0 = PRNU coefficients disabled 1 = PRNU coefficients enabled

Example:

epc 0 1

Purpose:

Produces an end-of-line sequence that provides basic calculations including "line counter", "line sum", "pixels above threshold", "pixels below threshold", and "derivative line sum" within the region of interest. These basic calculations are used to calibrate analog offset (cao) and calibrate analog gain (ccg).

To further aid in debugging and cable/ data path integrity, the first three pixels after Line Valid are "aa", "55", "aa". Refer to the following table. These statistics refer only to pixels within the region of interest.

Syntax:

els i

Syntax Elements:

i 0

Disable end-of-line sequence

1 Enable end-of-line sequence

Notes:

 LVAL is not high during the end-of-line statistics.

Example:

els 1

Location

Value

Description

A’s

By ensuring these values consistently toggle between "aa" and "55", you can verify cabling (i.e. no stuck bits)

5’s

Returning PRNU Coefficients

Enabling and Disabling Pixel Coefficients

3.4.3 End-of-line Sequence

Table 13: End-of-Line Sequence Description

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Location

Value

Description

A’s

4 bit counter LSB justified

Counter increments by 1. Use this value to verify that every line is output

Line su m (7…0)

Use these values to help calculate line average and gain

Line su m (15…8)

Line su m (23…16)

Line su m (31…24)

Pixels above threshold (7…0)

Monitor these values (either above or below threshold) and adjust camera digital gain and background subtract to maximize scene contrast. This provides a basis for automatic gain control (AGC)

Pixels above threshold (15…8)

Pixels below th resh old (7…0)

Pixels below th resh old (15…8)

Differential line sum (7..0)

Use these values to focus the camera. Generally, the greater the sum the greater the image contrast and better the focus.

Differential line su m (15…8)

Differential line su m (23…16)

Differential line su m (31…24)

Purpose:

Sets the upper threshold limit to report in the end-of-line sequence.

Syntax:

sut i

Syntax Elements:

Upper threshold limit in range from 0 to 4095.

Notes:

 LVAL is not high during the end -of-line statistics.

Related Commands:

 els, slt

Example:

sut 1024

Purpose:

Sets the lower threshold limit to report in the end-of-line sequence.

Syntax:

slt i

Syntax Elements:

Upper threshold limit in range from 0 to 4095.

Notes:

 LVAL is not high during the end -of-line statistics.

Related Commands:

 els, sut

Example:

slt 1024

Setting Thresholds

Setting an Upper Threshold

Setting a Lower Threshold

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Factory

Settings

User

Settings

Current Session

wus wpc,wfc,

rus lpc,

rfs, lpc 0

3.5 Saving and Restoring Settings

Figure 17: Saving and Restoring Overview

Factory Settings

On first initialization, the camera operates using the factory settings. You can restore the original factory settings at any time using the command rfs.

User Settings

You can save or restore your user settings to non-volatile memory using the following commands. Pixel coefficients are stored separately from other data.

• To save all current user settings to EEPROM, use the command wus. The camera will automatically restore the saved user settings when powered up. Note: While settings

are being written to nonvolatile memory, do not power down camera or camera memory may be corrupted.

• To restore the last saved user settings, use the command rus.

• To save the current pixel coefficients, use the command wpc i and wfc i.

• To restore saved pixel coefficients, use the command lpc i.

Current Session Settings

These are the current operating settings of your camera. To save these settings to nonvolatile memory, use the command wus.

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Purpose:

Saves the current FPN coefficients. You can save up to four sets of pixel coefficients

Syntax:

wfc i

Syntax Elements:

FPN coefficients set to save.

1 = Coefficient set one 2 = Coefficient set two

3 = Coefficient set three 4 = Coefficient set four

Example:

wfc 2

Purpose:

Loads a saved set of pixel coefficients. A factory calibrated set of coefficients is available.

Syntax:

lpc i

Syntax Elements:

FPN coefficients set to save.

0 = Factory calibrated pixel coefficients. 1 = Coefficient set one 2 = Coefficient set two

3 = Coefficient set three 4 = Coefficient set four

Example:

lpc 0

Purpose:

Resets the current pixel coefficients to zero. This command does not reset saved coefficients.

Syntax:

rpc

Purpose:

Saves the current PRNU coefficients. You can save up to four sets of pixel coefficients

Syntax:

wpc i

Syntax Elements:

PRNU coefficients set to save.

1 = Coefficient set one 2 = Coefficient set two

3 = Coefficient set three 4 = Coefficient set four

Example:

wpc 2

3.5.1 Saving and Restoring PRNU and FPN Coefficients

Saving the Current PRNU Coefficients

Saving the Current FPN Coefficients

Loading a Saved Set of Coefficients

Resetting the Current Pixel Coefficients

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Notes:

The digital offset is not reset.

Purpose:

Generates a test pattern to aid in system debugging. The test patterns are useful for verifying proper timing and connections between the camera and the frame grabber. The following tables show each available test pattern.

Syntax:

svm i

Syntax Elements:

i 0

Video.

1 12 bit ramp test pattern.

2 8 bit step test pattern.

Example:

svm 1

Purpose:

Returns a complete line of video (without pixel coefficients or test pattern) displaying one pixel value after another. After pixel values have been displayed it also displays the minimum, maximum, and mean value of the line sampled within the region of interest (the region of interest command is explained in section 3.4.1 Setting a Region of Interest (ROI:setting)).

Use the gl command, or the following gla command, to ensure the proper video input range into the processing chain before executing any pixel calibration commands.

Syntax:

gl x1 x2

Syntax Elements:

Pixel start number. Must be less than or equal to the pixel end

3.5.2 Rebooting the Camera

The command rc reboots the camera. The camera starts up with the last saved settings and the baud rate used before reboot. Previously saved pixel coefficients are also restored.

3.6 Diagnostics

3.6.1 Generating a Test Pattern

3.6.2 Returning Video Information

The cam era’s microcontroller h as the ability to read v id eo d ata. Th is function ality can be

used to verify camera operation and to perform basic testing without having to connect the camera to a frame grabber. This information is also used for collecting line statistics for calibrating the camera.

Returning a Single Line of Video

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number in a range from 1 to sensor resolution.

Pixel end number. Must be greater than or equal to the pixel start number in a range from 1 to sensor resolution.

Notes:

 Values returned are in 12 bit DN.

Related Commands

roi

Example:

gl 10 20

Purpose:

Sets the number of lines to sample when using the gla command or when performing FPN and PRNU calibration .

Syntax:

css i

Syntax Elements:

Number of lines to sample. Allowable values are 256, 512, or 1024 (factory setting).

Notes:

 To return the current setting, use the gcp command or get

css.

Related Commands:

gla, ccf, ccp, cpa

Example:

css 1024

Purpose:

Returns the average for multiple lines of video data (without pixel coefficients or test pattern). The number of lines to sample is set and adjusted by the css command. The camera displays the Min., Max., and Mean statistics for the pixels in the region of interest (the region of interest command is explained in section 3.4.1 Setting a Region of Interest (ROI:setting)).

Syntax:

gla x1 x2

Syntax Elements:

Column start number. Must be less than or equal to the column end number in a range from 1 to column resolution.

Column end number. Must be greater than or equal to the column start number in a range from 1 to column resolution.

Notes:

 Analog gain, analog offset, digital offset, background subtract,

and digital system gain are applied to the data. FPN and PRNU coefficients are not included in the data.

 Values returned are in 12 bit DN.

Related Commands:

css, roi

Example:

gla 10 20

Returning Averaged Lines of Video

Setting the Number of Lines to Sample

Returning the Average of Multiple Lines of Video

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Purpose:

Returns the frequency for the requested Camera Link control signal

Syntax:

gsf i

Syntax Elements:

Camera Link control signal to measure:

1: CC1 (EXSYNC) 2: CC2 (PRIN) 3: CC3 (Spare) 4: CC4 (Spare)

Example:

gsf 1

3.6.3 Temperature Measurement

The temperature of the camera can be determined by using the vt command. This command will return the internal chip case temperature in degrees Celsius. For proper operation, this value should not exceed 75°C.

Note: If the camera reaches 75°C, the camera will shutdown and the LED will flash red. If

this occurs, the camera must be rebooted using the command, rc or can be powered down manually. You will not be able to restart the camera until the temperature is less than 65°C. You will have to correct the temperature problem or the camera will shutdown again. The camera allows you to send the vt (verify temperature) command while it is in this state.

3.6.4 Voltage Measurement

The command vv disp lays the camera’s input voltage. N ote that th e voltage measurement feature of the camera provides only approximate results (typically within 10%). The measurement should not be used to set the applied voltage to the camera but only used as a test to isolate gross problems with the supply voltage.

3.6.5 Camera Frequency Measurement

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Syntax:

gcp

GCP Screen

Desctiption

GENERAL CAMERA SETTINGS

Camera Model No.:

P3-xx-xxxxx

Camera model number.

Camera Serial No.:

xxxxxxxxx

Camera serial number.

Firmware Design Rev.:

xx-xx-xxxxx-xx

Firmware design revision number.

CGI Version:

03-81-xxxxx-xx

CGI version. Part of FPGA firmw are.

FPGA Design Rev.:

xxx.xx

DSP design revision number.

UART Baud Rate:

9600

Serial communication connection speed set with the sbr command. See Setting Baud Rate on page 24 for details.

Exposure Mode:

Current exposure mode value set with the sem command. See section

3.2.1 Exposure Mode, Line Rate and Exposure Time for details.

SYNC Frequency:

5000 Hz

Current line rate. Value is set with the ssf command. See section

3.2.1 Exposure Mode, Line Rate and Exposure Time for details.

Internal Exposure Time:

50 uSec

Current exposure time setting. Value is set with the set command. See section 3.2.1 Exposure Mode, Line Rate and Exposure Time for details.

Video Mode:

video

Current vid eo mode value set with the svm command. See section

3.6.1 Generating a Test Pattern for details.

3.6.6 Returning Camera Settings

Returning All Camera Settings with the Camera Parameter Screen

The camera parameter (gcp) screen retu r ns all of the cam era’s current settings. The table below lists all of the gcp screen settings.

To read all current camera settings, use the command:

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Region of Interest:

(1,1) to (12288, 1)

Region of interest size set with the roi command. See section 3.4.1 Setting a Region of Interest (ROI:setting) for details.

End-Of-Line Sequence:

States whether an end of line sequence is turned on or off. Set using the els command. See section

3.4.3 End-of-line Sequence for details.

FFC Coefficient Set:

Current pixel coefficient set loaded. Refer to section 3.5.1 Saving and Restoring PRNU and FPN Coefficients for details.

FPN Coefficients:

off

States whether FPN coefficients are on or off. Set with the epc command. Refer to section

3.4.2 Analog and Digital Signal Processing Chain for details.

PRNU Coefficients:

off

States whether PRNU coefficients are on or off. Set with the epc command. Refer to section

3.4.2 Analog and Digital Signal Processing Chain for details.

Number of Line Samples:

256

Number of lines samples set with the css command. See section

3.6.2 Returning Video Information for details.

Upper Threshold

Upper threshold value set with the sut command.

See section 3.4.3 End -ofline Sequence for details.

Lower Threshold

4095

Lower threshold value set with the slt command. See section 3.4.3 End -ofline Sequence for details.

Camera Link Mode:

21, Full, 8 taps, 8 bits, no time MUX

Camera Link mode set with the clm command. See section 3.3.1 Setting the Camera Link Mode for details.

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Output Throughput:

320

Camera throughput value set with the sot command. Throughput is set to 320 and is not configurable in the Piranha 3 camera. See section 3.3.2 Setting the Camera Throughput for details.

Pretrigger

Pretrigger set with the spt command. See section

3.3.3 Setting a Pretrigger.

Analog Gain (dB):

3.0 3.0 3.0

3.0 3.0

Analog gain settings set with the sag command. See section 3.4.2 Analog and Digital Signal Processing Chain for details.

Analog Reference Gain (dB):

3.0 3.0 3.0

3.0

Analog reference gain set with the ugr command.

See section Analog Signal Processing for details.

Total Analog Gain (dB):

6.0 6.0 6.0

6.0

This is the sum of the analog gain and analog gain reference values and is the total analog gain being used by the camera.

Analog Offset:

100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

Analog offset settings set with the sao command. See section 3.4.2 Analog and Digital Signal Processing Chain for details.

Digital Offset:

50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50

Digital offset settings set with the sdo command. See section 3.4.2 Analog and Digital Signal Processing Chain for details.

Background Subtract:

150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150

Background subtract settings set with the ssb command. See section

3.4.2 Analog and Digital Signal Processing Chain for details.

System Gain:

125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125

Digital gain settings set with the ssg command. See section 3.4.2 Analog and Digital Signal Processing Chain for details.

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Syntax

Parameters

Description

get cao

Returns the analog offset for the tap indicated

t = tap selection, either 1 to 8, or 0 for all taps

get ccf

x1 x2

Returns the FPN pixel coefficients for the pixel range indicated.

x1 = Pixel start number x2= Pixel end number

get ccp

x1 x2

Returns the PRNU pixel coefficients for the pixel range indicated.

x1 = Pixel start number x2= Pixel end number

get clm

Returns the current Camera Link mode.

get css

Returns the number of line samples averaged for pixel coefficient calculations or for output of gla command.

get els

Returns whether the end-of-line statistics are turned off or on.

0: Off 1: On

get epc

Returns whether pixel coefficients are enabled or disabled.

The first parameter returns the FPN coefficients setting where:

0 = FPN coefficients disabled 1 = FPN coefficients enabled

The second parameter returns the PRNU coefficients setting where:

0 = PRNU coefficients disabled 1 = PRNU coefficients enabled

get gcm

Retur ns the cam er a’s m odel number

get gcs

Returns the cam er a’s serial n u m ber

get gcv

Retur ns the cam er a’s softw are ver sio n.

get gfc

Returns the FPN pixel coefficient for the pixel indicated.

get gl

x1 x2

Returns pixel values for the pixel range specified.

get gla

x1 x2

Returns the average of the pixel range indicated.

get gsf

Returns the frequency of the Camera Link control signal indicated, either 1, 2, 3, or 4.

get lpc

Returns the current coefficient set number.

Returning Camera Settings with Get Commands

You can also return in d iv id u al cam era settin gs by in serting a ―get” in front of the command that you want to query. If the command has a tap or pixel number parameter, you must also insert the tap number or pixel number that you want to query. Refer to Table 14 below for a list of available commands. To view a help screen listing the following get commands, use the command gh.

Table 14: Get Commands

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Syntax

Parameters

Description

get rfs

Returns whether factory settings have been saved. The camera always returns 1 (factory settings have been saved).

get roi

Returns the current region of interest.

get rus

Returns whether user settings have been saved .

0 = No user settings saved 1 = User settings have been saved

get sag

Returns the analog gain in dB for the tap indicated t = Tap value. 0 for all taps or 1 to 8 for individual tap

selection.

get sao

Returns the analog offset for the tap indicated.

t = 0 for all taps or 1 to 8 for individual tap selection.

get sbr

Returns the speed of camera serial communication port.

get sdo

Returns the digital offset value in DN for the tap indicated.

t = Tap value. 0 for all taps or 1 to 8 for individual tap selection.

get sem

Returns the current exposure mode:

3 = External SYNC, maximum exposure time 7 = Internal programmable SYNC, maximum exposure

time. Factory setting.

get sfc

Returns the FPN coefficient for the pixel number idicated.

x =pixel number within the range 1 to sensor pixel count.

get sgr

Returns the current analog gain reference value in d B.

get slt

Returns the current lower threshold value.

get sot

Returns the Camera Link strobe rate.

get spc

Returns the PRNU coefficient for the specified pixel number.

x=pixel number within the range 1 to sensor pixel

count.

get spt

Returns the current pretrigger value.

get ssb

Returns the current background subtract value. t = Tap value. 0 for all taps or 1 to 8 for individual tap

selection.

get ssf

Returns the current line/ frame rate in Hz.

get ssg

Returns the current digital gain setting.

t = tap selection, either 1 to 8, or 0 for all taps

get sut

Returns the current uppder threshold value.

get svm

Returns the current video mode.

0: Normal video mode 1: Test pattern 2: Test pattern 3: Test pattern

get ugr

Returns the gain reference value

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Syntax

Parameters

Description

get vt

Retur ns the cam er a’s in tern al chip tem p er ature in degrees

Celsius.

get vv

Retur ns the cam er a’s sup p ly volta ge.

get wfc

Returns whether FPN coefficients have been saved.

0 = No FPN coefficients saved 1 = Pixel coefficients have been saved

get wpc

Returns whether PRNU coefficients have been saved.

0 = No PRNU coefficients saved 1 = Pixel coefficients have been saved

get wus

Returns whether user settings have been saved .

0 = No user settings saved 1 = User settings have been saved

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Optical and Mechanical Considerations

4.1 Mechanical Interface

Figure 18: P3-80 Mechanical Drawing

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73.0 (2x)

80.0

85.0

42.50 ±0.05

CCD imaging center

40.00±0.05 CCD imaging center

M72 x 0.75 x 4.0 deep

36.5 (2x)

49.5

15.0 (2x)

55.0 (2x)

6.0 (4x)

55.0

12.5

6.0 (2x)

72.5

49.9

69.4

14.1

6.56 ±0.25 CCD imaging distance (from top of CCD to datum A)

54.2

29.8 (2x)

38.7

60.1

M3x0.5 x 6.0 deep (4x)

M3x0.5 x 6.0 deep (2x)

M3x0.5 x 6.0 deep (4x)

Pixel 1

Units: mm

P3-87

Model Number

Lens Mount Options

All models

M72x0.75

Mount

Back Focal Distance (sensor die to adapter)

M72

6.56±0.25mm

Figure 19: P3-87 Mechanical Drawing

Lens Mounts

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4.2 Optical Interface

Illumination

The amount and wavelengths of light required to capture useful images depend on the particular application. Factors include the nature, speed, and spectral characteristics of objects being imaged, exposure times, light source characteristics, environmental and acquisition system specifics, and more. Teledyne DALSA’s Web site, here, provides an introduction to this potentially complicated issu e. See ―Radiom et ry and Photo

Resp onsivity‖ and "Sen sitivities in Ph otometr ic Unit s" in th e CCD Technolog y Primer

found under the Application Support link. It is often more important to consider exposure than illumination. The total amount of

energy (which is related to the total number of photons reaching the sensor) is more important than the rate at which it arrives. For example, 5J/ cm2 can be achieved by exposing 5mW/ cm2 for 1ms just the same as exposing an intensity of 5W/ cm2 for 1s.

Light Sources

Keep these guidelines in mind when setting up your light source:

• LED light sources are relatively inexpensive, provide a uniform field, and longer life span compared to other light sources. However, they also require a camera with excellent sensitivity, such as the Piranha 3 cameras.

• Halogen light sources generally provide very little blue relative to IR.

• Fiber-optic light distribution systems generally transmit very little blue relative to IR.

• Some light sources age; over their life span they produce less light. This aging may

not be uniform—a light source may produce progressively less light in some areas of the spectrum but not others.

Filters

CCD cameras are extremely responsive to infrared (IR) wavelengths of light. To prevent infrared from distorting t he im ages you scan, u se a ―hot mirr or ‖ or IR cu toff filter that transmits visible wavelengths but does not transmit wavelengths over 750nm. Examples

are the Schn eider O p tics™ B+W 489, w h ich includes a m ou ntin g rin g, the CORION ™ LS750, which d oes not in clu d e a m ounting ring, and th e CORIO N ™ H R-750 series hot

mirror.

Lens Modeling

Any lens surrounded by air can be modeled for camera purposes using three primary points: the first and second principal points and the second focal point. The primary points for a lens should be available from the lens data sheet or from the lens manufacturer. Primed quantities denote characteristics of the image side of the lens. That is, h is the object height and h is the image height.

The focal point is the point at which the image of an infinitely distant object is brought to focus. The effective focal length (f) is the distance from the second principal point to the second focal point. The back focal length (BFL) is the distance from the image side of the

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



where m is the m agnification, h ’ is the image h eig ht

(pixel size) and h is the object height (desired object resolution size).









hfOD

This is the governing equation for many object and image plane parameters.

100

450 0 450

m

mmmOD

OD mm m  ( . )

lens surface to the second focal point. The object distance (OD) is the distance from the first principal point to the object.

Figure 20: Primary Points in a Lens System

Magnification and Resolution

The magnification of a lens is the ratio of the image size to the object size:

By similar triangles, the magnification is alternatively given by:

These equations can be combined to give their most useful form:

Example: An acquisition system has a 512 x 512 element, 10m pixel pitch area scan camera, a lens with an effective focal length of 45mm, and requires that 100m in the object space correspond to each pixel in the image sensor. Using the preceding equation, the object distance must be 450mm (0.450m).

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 power supplies

 cabling

 frame grabber hardware & software

 host computer

 light sources

 optics

 operating environment

 encoder

Troubleshooting

The information in this chapter can help you solve problems that may occur during the setup of your camera. Remember that the camera is part of the entire acquisition system. You may have to troubleshoot any or all of the following:

Your steps in dealing with a technical problem should be:

1. Try the general and specific solutions listed in sections 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3.

2. If these solutions do not resolve your problem, see section 5.4 on getting product support.

5.1 Common Solutions

Connections

The first step in troubleshooting is to verify that your camera has all the correct connections.

Power Supply Voltages

Check for the presence of all voltages at the camera power connector. Verify that all grounds are connected.

Data Clocking/Output Signals

To validate cable integrity, have the camera send out a test pattern and verify it is being properly received. Refer to section 3.6.1 Generating a Test Pattern for further information on running test patterns.

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5.2 Troubleshooting Using the Serial Interface

Communications

To quickly verify serial communications send the h (help) command. By sending the h and receiving the help menu, the serial communications are verified. If further problems persist, review Appendix B for more information on communications.

Verify Parameters

To verify the camera setup, send the gcp (get camera parameters) command.

Verify Factory Calibrated Settings

To restore the cam era’s factory setting s send th e rfs command. After executing this command send the gcp command to verify the factory settings.

Verify Timing and Digital Video Path

Use the test pattern feature to verify the proper timing and connections between the camera and the frame grabber and verify the proper output along the digital processing chain.

Verify Voltage

To ch eck th e cam er a’s in p u t v oltages, use the vv command. Make sure the voltage is within the proper range (+12V to +15V). If a problem still persists, contact Technical Support. See section Error! Reference source not found. for contact information.

5.3 Specific Solutions

No Output or Erratic Behavior

If your camera provides no output or behaves erratically, it may be picking up random noise from long cables acting as antennae. Do not attach wires to unused pins. Verify that the camera is not receiving spurious inputs (e.g. EXSYNC, if camera is using an internal signal for synchronization).

Line Dropout, Bright Lines, or Incorrect Line rate

Verify that the frequency of the internal sync is set correctly.

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Noisy Output

Check your power supply voltage outputs for noise. Noise present on these lines can result in poor video quality. Low quality or non-twisted pair cable can also add noise to the video output.

Dark Patches

If dark patches appear in your output the optics path may have become contaminated. Clean your lenses and sensor windows with extreme care.

1. Take standard ESD precautions.

2. Wear latex gloves or finger cots

3. Blow off dust using a filtered blow bottle or dry, filtered compressed air.

4. Fold a piece of optical lens cleaning tissue (approx. 3" x 5") to make a square pad that is approximately one finger-width

5. Moisten the pad on one edge with 2-3 drops of clean solvent—either alcohol or acetone. Do not saturate the entire pad with solvent.

6. Wipe across the length of the window in one direction with the moistened end first, followed by the rest of the pad. The dry part of the pad should follow the moistened end. The goal is to prevent solvent from evaporating from the window surface, as this will end up leaving residue and streaking behind.

7. Repeat steps 2-4 using a clean tissue until the entire window has been cleaned.

Blow off any adhering fibers or particles using dry, filtered compressed air.

Horizontal Lines or Patterns in Image

A faulty or irregular encoder signal that is applied as the EXSYNC signal may result in horizontal lines due to exposure time fluctuations; ensure that your exposure time is regular. If you have verified that your exposure time is consistent and patterns of low frequency intensity variations still occur, ensure that you are using a DC or high frequency light source and that no ambient light is affecting your system.

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Appendix A

Camera Link™ Reference,

Timing, and Configuration Table

Camera Link is a communication interface for vision applications. It provides a connectivity standard between cameras and frame grabbers. A standard cable connection

will red u ce manufacturers’ su p p ort tim e an d greatly red u ce t he level of complexity and

time needed for customers to successfully integrate high speed cameras with frame grabbers. This is particularly relevant as signal and data transmissions increase both in complexity and throughput. A standard cable/ connector assembly will also enable customers to take advantage of volume pricing, thus reducing costs.

The camera link standard is intended to be extremely flexible in order to meet the needs of different camera and frame grabber manufacturers.

The Camera Link Implementation Road Map (available from the link) details how we standardize the use of the Camera Link interface.

LVDS Technical Description

Low Voltage Differential Signaling (LVDS) is a high-speed, low-power general purpose interface standard. The standard, known as ANSI/ TIA/ EIA-644, was approved in March

1996. LVDS uses differential signaling, with a nominal signal swing of 350mV differential.

The low signal swing decreases rise and fall times to achieve a theoretical maximum transmission rate of 1.923 Gbps into a loss-less medium. The low signal swing also means that the standard is not dependent on a particular supply voltage. LVDS uses currentmode drivers, which limit power consumption. The differential signals are immune to ±1 V common volt noise.

Camera Signal Requirements

This section provides definitions for the signals used in the Camera Link interface. The standard Camera Link cable provides camera control signals, serial communication, and video data.

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EXSYNC, negative edge active

CC2

PRIN

CC3

Not Used

CC4

Not Used

Video Data

The Channel Link technology is integral to the transmission of video data. Image data and image enable signals are transmitted on the Channel Link bus. Four enable signals are defined as:

• FVAL—Frame Valid (FVAL) is defined HIGH for valid lines.

• LVAL—Line Valid (LVAL) is defined HIGH for valid pixels.

• DVAL—Data Valid (DVAL) is defined HIGH when data is valid.

• Spa re — A spare has been defined for future use.

All four enable signals must be provided by the camera on each Channel Link chip. All unused data bits must be tied to a known value by the camera. For more information on image data bit allocations, refer to the official Camera Link specification on the Web site,

available here.

Camera Control Signals

Four LVDS pairs are reserved for general-purpose camera control. They are defined as camera inputs and frame grabber outputs. Camera manufacturers can define these signals to meet their needs for a particular product. The signals are:

• Camera Control 1 (CC1)

• Camera Control 2 (CC2)

• Camera Control 3 (CC3)

• Camera Control 4 (CC4)

The Piranha 3 uses the following camera control signals:

Table 15: Camera Control Configuration

Communication

Two LVDS pairs have been allocated for asynchronous serial communication to and from the camera and frame grabber. Cameras and frame grabbers should support at least 9600 baud. These signals are

• SerTFG—Differential pair with serial communications to the frame grabber.

• SerTC—Differential pair with serial communications to the camera.

The serial interface will have the following characteristics: one start bit, one stop bit, no parity, and no handshaking. It is recommended that frame grabber manufacturers supply both a user interface and a software application programmming interface (API) for using the asynchronous serial communication port. The user in terface will consist of a terminal program with minimal capabilities of sending and receiving a character string and sending a file of bytes. The software API will provide functions to enumerate boards and

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send or receive a character string. See Appendix B in the Official Camera Link specification available from the Web site here.

Power

Power will not be provided on the Camera Link connector. The camera will receive power through a separate cable. Camera manufacturers will define their own power connector, current, and voltage requirements.

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Message

Description

OK>

SUCCESS

Warning 01: Outside of specification>

Parameter accepted was outside of specified operating range (e.g. gain greater than ±10 dB of factory setting).

Warning 02: Clipped to min>

Parameter was clipped to the current operating range. Use GCP to see value used.

Warning 03: Clipped to max>

Parameter was clipped to the current operating range. Use GCP to see value used.

Warning 04: Related parameters adjusted>

Parameter was clipped to the current operating range. Use GCP to see value used.

Warning 05: Missing codes – insufficient digital gain>

Output when the digital gain is such that missing codes are to be expected due to not enough digital gain.

Warning 06: Missing codes – too much digital gain>

Output when the digital gain is such that missing codes are to be expected due to too much digital gain.

Warning 07: Coefficient may be inaccurate A/ D clipping has occurred>

In the region of interest (ROI) greater than 6.251% single or 1% of averaged pixel values w ere zero or saturated.

Warning 08: Greater than 1% of coefficients have been clipped

A FPN/ PRNU has been calculated to be greater than the maximum allowable 511 (8).

Message

Description

Error 01: Internal error xx>

Ou tput on ly in ―d iagn ostic m ode‖ o r self ch eck at pow er or reset

camera. Where xx is a code.

Appendix B

Error Handling and Command List

B1 Error Handling

The following table lists warning and error messages and provides a description and possible cause.

Table 16: Warning and Error Messages

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Message

Description

Error 02: Unrecognized command>

Command is not available in the current access level or it is not a valid command.

Error 03: Incorrect number of parameters>

Error 04: Incorrect parameter value>

This response returned for

· Alpha received for numeric or vice versa

· Not an element of the set of possible values. E.g., Baud Rate

· Outside the range limit

Error 05: Command unavailable in this mode>

Command is valid at this level of access, but not effective. Eg line rate when in smart Exsync mode

Error 06: Timeout>

Command not completed in time. Eg FPN/ PRNU calculation w hen no external exsync is present.

Error 07: Camera settings not saved>

Tried saving camera settings (rfs/ rus) but they cannot be saved.

Error 08: Unable to calibrate - tap outside ROI>

Cannot calibrate a tap that is not part of the end of line statistics.

Error 09: The camera's temperature exceeds the specified operating range>

Indicates that the camera has shut itself down to prevent damage from further overheating.

Command

Syntax

Parameters

Description

calibrate analog offset

cao

t i

Calibrates the analog gain and averages

each tap ’s pixels w ithin the ROI to the

specified average target value.

t = tap selection, either 1 to number of CCD taps, or 0 for all taps

i = target value in a range from 0 to 255DN (12-bit LSB)

Refer to Analog Signal Processing: Setting Analog Gain and Offset for details.

correction calibrate fpn

ccf

Start FPN coefficient calibration. Refer to section 3.4.2 Analog and Digital Signal Processing Chain for details.

Parameters:

i = integer t = tap id i = integer value f = real number s = string x1 = horizontal pixel start number x2 = horizontal pixel end

number y1 = vertical pixel start number y2 = vertical pixel end number

B2 All Available Commands

As a quick reference, the following table lists all of the commands available to the camera user. For detailed information on using these commands, refer to Chapter 3.

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Command

Syntax

Parameters

Description

calculate camera gain

ccg

i t i

Calculates the camera gain and optimizes tap matching according to the selected algorithm.

i = Calibration algorithm to use.

1 = This algorithm adjusts analog

gain so that 8% to 13% of tap ROI pixels are above the specified target value.

2 = This algorithm adjusts analog gain so that the average pixel value in tap’s ROI is equal to the specified target value.

3 = This algorithm adjusts digital gain so that the average pixel value in tap’s ROI is equal to the specified target.

4 = This algorithm adjusts the analog gain so that all tap ROI pixels are within 98% of the specified target value and then performs a PRNU correction.

t = Tap value. Use 0 for all taps or 1 to 8 for individual tap selection.

i = Calibration target value in a range

from 1024 to 4055DN (12 bit LSB).

correction calibrate prnu

ccp

Start PRNU coefficient calibration. Refer to section 3.4.2 Analog and Digital Signal Processing Chain for details.

camera link mod e

clm

Sets the Camera Link configuration, number of Camera Link taps, and data bit depth.

15: Medium configuration, 4 taps, 8 bit output 16: Medium configuration, 4 taps, 12 bit output 21: Full configuration, 8 taps, 8 bit output

Refer to section 3.3.1 Setting the Camera Link Mode for details.

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Command

Syntax

Parameters

Description

calculate PRNU algorithm

cpa

i i

Performs PRNU calibration according to the selected algorithm.

The first parameter is the algorithm where i is:

1 = Th is a lgorith m first adjusts each tap’s analog gain so that 8-13% of pixels within a tap are above the value specified in the target value parameter. PRNU calibration then occurs using the peak pixel in the region of interest. (Id entical to ccp i)

2 = Calculates the PRNU coefficients using the entered target value as shown below:

PRNU Coefficient =

Target

(AVG Pixel Value) - (FPN+ value)sdo

The calculation is performed for all sensor pixels but warnings are only applied to pixels in the region of interest. This algorithm is useful for achieving uniform output across multiple cameras.

3 = This algorithm includes an analog gain adjustment prior to PRNU calibration. Analog gain is first adjusted so that the peak p ixel valu e in tap ’s ROI is within 97 to 99% of the specified target value. It then calculates the PRNU coefficients using the target value as shown below:

PRNU Coefficient =

Target

(AVG Pixel Value ) - (FPN + value)sdo

The calculation is performed for all sensor pixels but warnings are only applied to pixels in the region of interest. This algorithm is useful for achieving uniform output across multiple cameras.

The second parameter is the target value to use in a range from 1024 to 4055DN.

section 3.4.2 Analog and Digital Signal Processing Chain

4 = This algorithm is the same as 2 with the exception that it only calculates PRNU for the pixels within the current Region of Interest (ROI).

The second parameter is the target value to use in a range from 1024 to 4055DN.

correction set sample

css

Set number of line samples averaged for pixel coefficient calculations or for output of gla command. Values: 256, 512, 1024.

Refer to Returning Averaged Lines of Video on page 55 for details.

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Command

Syntax

Parameters

Description

display pixel coeffs

dpc

x1 x2

Displays the pixel coefficients in the ord er FPN , PRNU, FPN , PRNU, …

x1 = Pixel start number x2 = Pixel end number in a range from 1 to sensor pixel

count.

Refer to Returning Calibration Results and Errors on page 49 for details.

end of line sequence

els

Sets the end-of-line sequence:

0: Off 1: On

Refer to section 3.4.3 End-of-line Sequence for details.

enable pixel coefficients

epc

i i

Sets whether pixel coefficients are enabled or disabled.

The first parameter sets the FPN coefficients where i is:

0 = FPN coefficients disabled 1 = FPN coefficients enabled

The second parameter sets the PRNU coefficients where i is:

0 = PRNU coefficients disabled 1 = PRNU coefficients enabled

Refer to section Enabling and Disabling Pixel Coefficients on page 49 for details.

get camera model

gcm

Reads the camera model number.

get camera parameters

gcp

Reads all of the camera parameters.

get camera serial

gcs

Read the camera serial number.

get camera version

gcv

Read the firmware version and FPGA version.

get commands

get

Retrieves camera settings for the command name specified.

Refer to Returning Camera Settings with Get Commands on page 60 for details.

get fpn coeff

gfc

Read the FPN coefficient

i = pixel number to read in a range from 1 – sensor pixel count.

Refer to Returning Calibration Results and Errors on page 49 for details.

get help

Lists all of the available get commands.

get line

x1 x2

Get a line of video (not including FPN and PRNU coefficients) displaying one pixel value after another and the minimum, maximum, and mean value of the sampled line.

x1 = Pixel start number x2 = Pixel end number

in a range from 1 to sensor pixel count. Refer to Returning a Single Line of Video

on page 54 for details.

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Command

Syntax

Parameters

Description

get line average

gla

x1 x2

Read the average of line samples.

x1 = Pixel start number x2 = Pixel end number in a range from 1 to sensor pixel

count.

Refer to Returning Averaged Lines of Video on page 45 for details.

get prnu coeff

gpc

Read the PRNU coefficient. i = pixel number to read in a range from

1 to sensor pixel count. Refer to Returning Calibration Results

and Errors on page 49 for details.

get signal frequency

gsf

Read the current sync frequency.

1: CC1 (EXSYNC) 2: CC2 (PRIN) 3: CC3 (Spare) 4: CC4 (Spare)

Refer to section 3.6.5 Camera Frequency Measurement for details.

get sensor serial

gss

Read the sensor serial number

help h

Display the online help. Refer to on page 24 for details.

load pixel coefficients

lpc

Loads the previously saved pixel coefficients from non-volatile memory where i is:

0 = Factory calibrated coefficients 1 = Coefficient set one 2 = Coefficient set tw o 3 = Coefficient set three 4 = Coefficient set four

Refer to 3.5.1 Saving and Restoring PRNU and FPN Coefficients for details.

reset camera

Reset the entire camera (reboot).

restore factory settings

rfs

Restor e the cam er a’s factor y settin gs.

FPN and PRNU coefficients reset to 0. Refer to section 3.5 Saving and Restoring Settings for d etails.

region of interest

roi

x1 y1 x2 y2

Sets the pixel range affected by the cag, cao, gl, gla, ccf, and ccp commands. The parameters are the pixel start and end values (x) and the column start and end values (y) in a range from 1 to sensor pixel count. Refer to section 3.4.1 Setting a Region of Interest (ROI:setting) for details.

reset pixel coeffs

rpc

Reset the pixel coefficients to 0. Refer to Resetting the Current Pixel Coefficients on page 53 for details.

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Command

Syntax

Parameters

Description

restore user settings

rus

Restore the camera's last saved user settings and FPN and PRNU coefficients. Refer to section 3.5 Saving and Restoring Settings for d etails.

set analog gain

sag

t f

Sets the analog offset. t = Tap value. 0 for all taps or 1-8 for

ind ividual tap selection. f= gain value specified from –10 to +10 Refer to Analog Signal Processing:

Setting Analog Gain and Offset on page 38 for details.

set analog offset

sao

t i

Sets the analog offset. t = Tap value. 0 for all taps or 1-8 for

individual tap selection. i= Offset value in a range from 0 to 255.

Offset increases with higher values. Refer to Analog Signal Processing:

Setting Analog Gain and Offset on page 38 for details.

set baud rate

sbr

Set the speed of camera serial communication port. Baud rates: 9600, 19200, 57600, and 115200. Default:

9600. Refer to section Setting Baud Rate on page 24 for details.

set digital offset

sdo

t i

Subtracts the input value from the video signal prior to FPN correction.

t = Tap value. 0 for all taps or 1 to 8 for individual tap selection.

i = Offset in a range from 0 to 2048DN. Refer to Setting Digital Offset on page45 for

details.

set exposure mode

sem

Set the exposure mode: 2 = Internal SYNC, internal PRIN,

programmable line rate and exposure time using commands ssf and set

3 = External SYNC, internal PRIN, maximum exposure time

4 = Smart EXSYNC 5 = External SYNC and PRIN 6 = External SYNC, internal PRIN,

programmable exposure time 7 = Internal programmable SYNC,

maximum exposure time. Factory setting.

8 = Internal SYNC, internal PRIN, programmable exposure time. Maximum line rate for exposure time.

set exposure time

set

Sets the exposure time. Refer to the camera help screen (h command) for allowable range.

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Command

Syntax

Parameters

Description

set fpn coeff

sfc

x i

Set the FPN coefficient.

x =pixel number within the range 1 to sensor pixel count.

i= FPN value within the range 0 to

2048.

Refer to Setting a Pixel’s FPN Coefficient on page 44 for details.

set fpn range

sfr

x x i

Set a range of pixel FPN coefficients

x=first pixel number of the range. x =last pixel number of the range i =coefficient value in a range from O to

2048.

Refer to Setting a Range of FPN Coefficients on page 49 for details.

set low er threshold

slt

Sets the lower threshold that is checked for and reported in the end -of-line sequence in a value from 0-4095. Refer to section 3.4.3 End-of-line Sequence for details.

set output throughput

sot

This command works in conjunction with the clm command and determines the pixel rate of the camera.

320 = 4 taps at 80MHz or 8 taps at 40MHz

This command is currently not configurable in the Piranha 3 camera.

set prnu coeff

spc

x i

Set the PRNU coefficient.

x =pixel number within the range 1 to sensor pixel count.

i= PRNU value within the range 0 to

28671.

Refer to on page 46 for details.

set prnu range

spr

i i x

Set a range of pixel PRNU coefficients

i=first pixel number of the range i=last pixel number of the range x=coefficient value in a range from 0 to

28671.

Refer to Setting a Range of PRNU Coefficients on page 47 for details.

set pretrigger

spt

Set the pretrigger to a value from 0 to 16.

set subtract background

ssb

t i

Subtract the input value from the output signal.

t = Tap value. 0 for all taps or 1 to 8 for individual tap selection.

i = Subtracted value in a range from 0 to

4095.

Refer to on page 44 for details.

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Command

Syntax

Parameters

Description

set sync frequency

ssf

Set the frame rate to a value from: 12k: 300-23619Hz 8k: 300-33855Hz Value rounded up/ dow n as required. Refer to section 3.2.1 Exposure Mode,

Line Rate and Exposure Time for details.

set system gain

ssg

t i

Set the digital gain. t = Tap value. 0 for all taps or 1 to 8 for

individual tap selection.

i = Gain value is specified from 0 to

65535. The digital video values are

multiplied by this number. Refer to Setting Digital System Gain on

page 48 for details.

set upper threshold

sut

Set upper threshold that is check for and reported in the end-of-line sequence to a value from 0-4095. Refer to section 3.4.3 End-of-line Sequence for details.

set video mode

svm

Switch between normal video mode and test patterns:

0: Normal video mode 1: 12 bit ramp test pattern 2: 8 bit step test pattern

Refer to section 3.6.1 Generating a Test Pattern for details.

update gain reference

ugr

Changes the 0dB gain to equal the current analog gain value set w ith the sag command.

verify temperature

Get the internal temperature of the camera

verify voltage

Get the camera input voltage

write FPN coefficients

wfc

Write all current FPN coefficients to EEROM where i is:

1 = FPN coefficient set one 2 = FPN coefficient set two 3 = FPN coefficient set three 4 = FPN coefficient set four

Refer to section 3.5.1 Saving and Restoring PRNU and FPN Coefficients for details.

write pixel coeffs

wpc

Write all current PRNU coefficients to EEROM where i is:

1 = PRNU coefficient set one 2 = PRNU coefficient set two 3 = PRNU coefficient set three 4 = PRNU coefficient set four

Refer to section 3.5.1 Saving and Restoring PRNU and FPN Coefficients for details.

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Piranha 3 User Manual

Command

Syntax

Parameters

Description

write user settings

wus

Write all of the user settings to EEROM. Refer to section 3.5 Saving and Restoring Settings for d etails.

03-032-10216-06 Teledyne DALSA

Piranha 3 User Manual

We,

Teledyne DALSA 605 McMurray Rd., Waterloo, ON CANADA N2V 2E9

declare under sole responsibility, that the product(s):

P3-80-08k40-00-R P3-80-12k40-00-R P3-87-08k40-00-R P3-87-12k40-00-R

fulfill(s) the requirements of the standard(s)

EMC:

CISPR 11:2004 / EN 55011:2003, CLASS A, GROUP1

IEC/EN 61000-3-2:2001 IEC/EN 61000-3-3:2001 EN 61326:2001 / IEC 61326:2002 IEC/EN 61000-4-2:2001

IEC/EN 61000-4-3:2002/ENV 50204 IEC/EN 61000-4-4:2004 IEC/EN 61000-4-5:2001

IEC/EN 61000-4-6:2004 IEC/EN 61000-4-11:2004

FCC PART 15, SUBPART B, CLASS A EUROPEAN CISPR 11:2004/EN 55011:2003

This product complies with the requirements of the Low Voltage Directive 73/ 23/ EEC and the EMC Directive 89/ 336/ EEC and carries the CE mark accordingly.

Place of Issue

Waterloo, ON, CANADA

Date of Issue

April 2005

Name and Signature of authorized person

Hank Helmond Quality Manager, Teledyne DALSA Corp.

Appendix C

EMC Declaration of Conformity

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Piranha 3 User Manual

This Declaration corresponds to EN 45 014.

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Piranha 3 User Manual

Revision Number

Change Description

RoHS camera preliminary release.

CE and no-Pb stamps ad ded to front cover. New parameter (4) added to command Correction Calibrate PRNU (cpa), pages

25, 46, and 79. Two new commands added : Set FPN Range (sfr), and Set PRNU Range (spr), pages 47, 49, and 83.

Tooling hole dimensions added to mechanical drawing, section 4.1 page 63. Piranha 3 square option added to mechanicals section, section 4.1 page 63. Also added to the Models table, page 8, and to the EMC declaration, page 85.

-Labels for power and control/ data connectors updated on the mechanicals. New labels read: "Power 12 - 15V DC" and "Control & Data 1."

-Revised allowable line rate values, page 30. 12k: 2500-23619Hz and 8k: 250033855Hz.

- Reference to the camera with square body and heat sink (P3-87-12k40-01-00-R) removed.

-Camera model names on cover revised to include all models.

-Input and output connectors figure, page 16, revised to include both camera body models, slim and square.

-Revised model numbers added to mechanical interface diagrams, page 63.

-Measurement units (mm) added to mechanical diagrams.

Note ad ded to section 2.2.3 recommend ing a Camera Link cable no longer than 5 meters for lossless data transmission.

Camera mechanicals revised so that the sensor alignment is d one based on the tooling holes in the camera's front plate. Mechanical illustration in the manuals and datasheets revised to show the new alignment. Teledyne DALSA logo and information also added.

Appendix D

Revision History

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Piranha 3 User Manual

03-032-10216-06 Teledyne DALSA

Piranha 3 User Manual

Index

Camera Link, 18

analog

gain, 38, 39, 40 offset, 40 processing, 34

applications, 8

background subtract, 47 baud rate

setting, 24

bright lines, 68

Hirose, 17 power, 17

dark calibration. See flat field

correction dark patches, 69 data rate, 10 diagnostics, 54 digital

gain, 48 offset, 45 processing, 34 signal processing, 44

DVAL, 72

calibrating the camera, 35, 44,

45, 46

calibration. See flat field

correction

camera

control configuration, 72 control signals, 19, 72 messages, 75

Camera Link

configuration pinout, 18 connector, 18 description, 71 mode, 31 reference, timing and

configuration, 71

Camera Link mode

configurations, 32

setting, 31 camera settings. See settings CCD, 12 clock signals, 19 coefficients

diabling, 50

enabling, 50

loading, 50

resetting, 50 command

format, 23

list, 76

parameters, 24 commands

categories, 26 connectors, 15–19

electrical

interface, 15 specifications, 9

EMC Declaration of

Conformity, 85 end-of-line sequence, 50 erratic behavior, 68 error messages, 75 exposure mode, 27

overview, 27 setting, 27 timing, 28

exposure time, 27

setting, 31 EXSYNC, 19 external trigger, 19

fiber-optic light sources, 65 filters, 65 flat field correction

errors, 49

overview, 35

performing, 37

restrictions, 36

results, 49 FPN, 35

coefficient, 44

correction, 44 FVAL, 72

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gain, 23, 39, 41, 43

analog, 38 calibrating, 39 digital, 48 ranges, 10 reference, 43

graph

responsivity, 13

halogen light sources, 65 help, 24

screen example, 25 Hirose connector, 17 horizontal lines, 69 hot mirror, 65

illumination, 65 image sensor, 12 incorrect line rate, 68 input/ output, 15 inputs (user bus), 19 installation, 15

overview, 15 interface

electrical, 9, 15

mechanical, 9

optical, 9, 65

serial, 23

software, 23

LED, 16 lens

modeling, 65 lens mounts, 64 light calibration. See flat field

correction light sources, 65 line dropout, 68 line rate, 9

setting, 30 line rate, 27 line statistics, 54 LVAL, 72 LVDS, 71

pairs, 72

magnification, 66

MDR26. See Camera Link

connector

mechanical

drawing, 63

specifications, 9 models, 8 modes

default, 29

noisy output, 69

offset

analog, 40

calibrating, 40

digital, 45 operating

modes, 27 optical

interface, 65

specifications, 9 optical interface, 65

filters, 65

illumination, 65

lens modeling, 65

light sources, 65

magnification and resolution,

output

noisy, 69

none, 68

performance specifications, 8–

11 pixel readout, 12 pixel statistics, 54 power

connector, 17 connectors, 17 guidelines, 17 supply, 17

pretrigger

setting, 33

PRNU, 35

coefficient, 47 correction, 45, 46

processing chain, 33

readout, 12 rebooting, 54 resolution, 9

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responsivity, 13

graph, 13

restoring

coefficients, 53 factory settings, 52

user settings, 52 Revision History, 87 roi. See Region of Interest

saving

coefficients, 53

user settings, 52 sensor, 12

readout, 12

specifications, 9 serial interface, 23 settings

restoring, 52

returning, 57, 60

saving, 52 signals

input, 19

output, 19 specifications

electrical, 9

key, 7

mechanical, 9

optical, 9

performance, 9

sensor, 9 statistics, 54 status

camera LED, 16 subtracting background, 47

sync frequency, 56

tap matching, 39 temperature

measurement, 56 test patterns, 54 threshold

lower, 51

setting, 51

upper, 51 throughput

setting, 32 timing, 20

camera, 20

Camera Link, 20

mode 7, 30 trigger

external, 19 troubleshooting, 67

connections, 67

horizontal lines, 69

line rates, 68

serial interface, 68

vid eo data, 55, 72 voltage

measurement, 56

warning messages, 75

Teledyne DALSA 03-032-10216-06

Teledyne DALSA P3-80-12k40-00-R, DALSA Piranha 3, DALSA P3-80-08k40-00-R, DALSA P3-87-12k40-00-R, DALSA P3-87-08k40-00-R User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual