Tektronix Series 2281S Precision DC Power Supply,Battery Simulator Quick Start Guide
Series 2281S Precision DC Power Supply
and Battery Simulator Quick Start Guide
Safety precautions
The following safety precautions should be observed before using this product and any
associated instrumentation. Although some instruments and accessories would normally be
used with nonhazardous voltages, there are situations where hazardous conditions may be
present.
This product is intended for use by personnel who recognize shock hazards and are familiar
with the safety precautions required to avoid possible injury. Read and follow all ins
operation, and maintenance information carefully before using the product. Refer to the user
documentation for complete product specifi cations.
If the product is used in a manner not specifi ed, the protection provided by the product
warranty may be impaired.
The types of product users are:
Responsible body is the individual or group responsible for the use and maintenance of
equipment, for ensuring that the equipment is operated within
limits, and for ensuring that operators are adequately trained.
Operators use the product for its intended function. They must be trained in electrical safety
procedures and proper use of the instrument. They must be protected from electric shock and
contact with hazardous live circuits.
Maintenance personnel perform routine procedures on the product to keep it operating
properly, for example, setting the line vol
procedures are described in the user documentation. The procedures explicitly state if the
operator may perform them. Otherwise, they should be performed only by service personnel.
Service personnel are trained to work on live circuits, perform safe installations, and
repair products. Only properly trained service personnel may perform installation and
service procedures.
Keithley products ar
and data I/O connections, with low transient overvoltages, and must not be directly connected
to mains voltage or to voltage sources with high transient overvoltages. Measurement
Category II (as referenced in IEC 60664) connections require protection for high transient
e designed for use with electrical signals that are measurement, control,
tage or replacing consumable materials. Maintenance
its specifi cations and operating
tallation,
overvoltages often associated with local AC mains connections. Certain Keithley measuring
instruments may be connected to
or higher.
Unless explicitly allowed in the specifi cations, operating manual, and instrument labels, do
not connect any instrument to mains.
Exercise extreme caution when a shock hazard is present. Lethal voltage may be present on
cable connector jacks or test fi xtures. The American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
states that a shock hazard exists when voltage levels greater than 30 V RMS, 42.4 V peak,
or 60 VDC are present. A good s
in any unknown circuit before measuring.
Operators of this product must be protected from electric shock at all times. The responsible
body must ensure that operators are prevented access and/or insulated from every
connection point. In some cases, connections must be exposed to potential human contact.
Product operators in these circumstances must be trained to protect themselves from the risk
of electric shoc
the circuit may be exposed.
Do not connect switching cards directly to unlimited power circuits. They are intended to be
used with impedance-limited sources. NEVER connect switching cards directly to AC mains.
When connecting sources to switching cards, install protective devices to limit fault current and
voltage to the card.
Before operating an instrument, ensure that the line co
power receptacle. Inspect the connecting cables, test leads, and jumpers for possible wear,
cracks, or breaks before each use.
When installing equipment where access to the main power cord is restricted, such as rack
mounting, a separate main input power disconnect device must be provided in close proximity
to the equipment and within easy reach of the operator.
For maximum safety, do not touch the product, tes
power is applied to the circuit under test. ALWAYS remove power from the entire test system
and discharge any capacitors before: connecting or disconnecting cables or jumpers,
installing or removing switching cards, or making internal changes, such as installing or
removing jumpers.
k. If the circuit is capable of operating at or above 1000 V, no conductive part of
mains. These instruments will be marked as category II
afety practice is to expect that hazardous voltage is present
rd is connected to a properly-grounded
t cables, or a
ny other instruments while
Do not touch any object that could provide a current path to the common side of the circuit under
test or power line (earth) ground. Always make measurements with dry hands while standing on
a dry, insulated surface capable of withstanding the voltage being measured.
For safety, instruments and accessories must be used in accordance with the operating
instructions. If the instruments or accessories are used in a manner not specifi ed in t
operating instructions, the protection provided by the equipment may be impaired.
Do not exceed the maximum signal levels of the instruments and accessories. Maximum signal
levels are defi ned in the specifi cations and operating information and shown on the instrument
panels, test fi xture panels, and switching cards.
When fuses are used in a product, replace with the same type and rating for continued
protection against fi re hazard.
Chassis c
onnections must only be used as shield connections for measuring circuits, NOT as
protective earth (safety ground) connections.
If you are using a test fi xture, keep the lid closed while power is applied to the device under test.
Safe operation requires the use of a lid interlock.
If a screw is present, connect it to protective earth (safety ground) using the wire
recommended in the user documentation.
The symbol on an instrument means caution, risk of hazard. The user must refer to the
operating instructions located in the user documentation in all cases where the symbol is
marked on the instrument.
The symbol on an instrument means warning, risk of electric
precautions to avoid personal contact with these voltages.
The symbol on an instrument shows that the surface may be hot. Avoid personal contact to
prevent burns.
The symbol indicates a connection terminal to the equipment frame.
f this symbol is on a product, it indicates that mercury is present in the display lamp. Please
I
note that the lamp must be properly disposed of according to federal, state, and local laws.
shock. Use standard safety
he
The WARNING heading in the user documentation explains hazards that might result
in personal injury or death. Always read the associated information very carefully before
performing the indicated procedure.
The CAUTION heading in the user documentation expla
instrument. Such damage may invalidate the warranty.
The CAUTION heading with the symbol in the user documentation explains hazards that
could result in moderate or minor injury or damage the instrument. Always read the associated
information very carefully before performing the indicated procedure. Damage to the instrument
may invalidate the warranty.
Instrumentation and accessories shall not be connected to huma
Before performing any maintenance, disconnect the line cord and all test cables.
To maintain protection from electric shock and fi re, replacement components in mains circuits
— including the power transformer, test leads, and input jacks — must be purchased from
Keithley. Standard fuses with applicable national safety approvals may be used if the rating and
type are the same. The detachable mains power cord provided with the instrument may only be
replaced wi
be purchased from other suppliers as long as they are equivalent to the original component
(note that selected parts should be purchased only through Keithley to maintain accuracy
and functionality of the product). If you are unsure about the applicability of a replacement
component, call a Keithley offi ce for information.
Unless otherwise noted in product-specifi c literat
operate indoors only, in the following environment: Altitude at or below 2,000 m (6,562 ft);
temperature 0 °C to 50 °C (32 °F to 122 °F); and pollution degree 1 or 2.
To clean an instrument, use a cloth dampened with deionized wat
cleaner. Clean the exterior of the instrument only. Do not apply cleaner directly to the instrument
or allow liquids to enter or spill on the instr
no case or chassis (e.g., a data acquisition board for installation into a computer) should never
require cleaning if handled according to instructions. If the board becomes contaminated and
operation is aff ected, the board should be returned to the factory for proper cleaning/servicing.
Safety precaution revision as of June 2017.
th a similarly rated power cord. Other components that are not safety-related may
ument. Products that consist of a circuit board with
ins hazards that could damage the
ns.
ure, Keithley instruments are designed to
er or mild, water-based
Safety
Power and environmental specications
CAUTION
For indoor use only.
Power supply
Operating altitude
Operating
temperature
Storage
temperature
Pollution degree
*See full specications for other pulse regions
100 V AC/120 V AC/220 V AC/240 V AC,
50 Hz or 60 Hz
Maximum 2000 m (6562 ft ) above sea level
0 °C to 40 °C, full accuracy to 80 % relative
humidity at up to 35 °C, noncondensing
-25 °C to 70 °C, 5 % to 95 % relative humidity
at up to 40 °C and 5 % to 60 % relative
humidity above 40 °C up to 70 °C
2
Carefully consider and congure the appropriate
output‑o state, source levels, and compliance levels
before connecting the instrument to a device that can
deliver energy. Failure to consider the output‑o state,
source levels, and compliance levels may result in
damage to the instrument or to the device under test.
Introduction
The Keithley Instruments Model 2281S Precision DC Power
Supply and Battery Simulator is a is a highly-sensitive,
accurate, programmable power supply that sources stable
low-noise voltage and monitors load currents over a wide
dynamic range, from amperes to nanoamperes. It can also
test batteries and generate battery models to simulate
batteries.
The high-resolution 4.3-inch color display shows numerous
parameters that describe the state of the instrument
to enable you to get the most information from your
measurements.
You can generate and edit battery models on the display. In
addition, the capacity and voltage changes are shown on the
display during the battery simulation.
Complete documentation for the Series 2281S instrument is
available for download at tek.com/product-support.
Model Number Description
2281S-20-6 Precision DC Power Supply and Battery
Simulator, 20 V, 6 A
Introduction
Unpack and inspect the instrument
CAUTION
To unpack and inspect the instrument:
1. Inspect the box for damage.
2. Open the top of the box.
3. Remove the documentation and accessories.
4. Carefully lift the instrument out of the box.
5. Remove the packaging insert.
6. Inspect the instrument for any obvious signs of physical
damage. Report any damage to the shipping agent
immediately.
Do not lift the Series 2281S using the front bezel. Lifting
the instrument by the front bezel can cause instrument
damage.
You should have received the Series 2281S with the
following accessories:
1. Power line cord
2. Series 2281S Quick Start Guide (this document)
3. LAN crossover cable for ethernet
4. Keithley Instruments Safety Precautions
5. Rear-panel mating connector with cover
Refer to the packing list for additional items that might have
shipped with your instrument.
Connect the instrument
Important test system safety information
This product is sold as a stand-alone instrument that may
become part of a system that could contain hazardous
voltages and energy sources. It is the responsibility of the
test-system designer, integrator, installer, maintenance
personnel, and service personnel to ensure the system is
safe during use and operating properly.
You must also realize that in many test systems a single
fault, such as a software error, may output hazardous signal
levels even when the system indicates that there is no
hazard present.
It is important that you consider the following factors in your
system design and use:
• The international safety standard IEC 61010-1 denes
voltages as hazardous if they exceed 30 V
42.4 V
locations. Keithley Instruments products are only rated for
dry locations.
, or 60 VDC for equipment rated for dry
peak
RMS
and
• Read and comply with the specications of all
instruments in the system. The overall allowed signal
levels may be constrained by the lowest rated instrument
in the system. For example, if you are using a 500 V
power supply with a 300 VDC rated switch, the maximum
allowed voltage in the system is 300 VDC.
• Make sure any test xture connected to the system
protects the operator from contact with hazardous
voltages, hot surfaces, and sharp objects. Use shields,
barriers, insulation, and safety interlocks to accomplish
this.
• Cover the device under test (DUT) to protect the operator
from ying debris in the event of a system or DUT failure.
• Double-insulate all electrical connections that an operator
can touch. Double insulation ensures the operator is still
protected even if one insulation layer fails. Refer to IEC
61010-1 for specic requirements.
• Make sure all connections are behind a locked cabinet
door or other barrier. This protects the system operator
from accidentally removing a connection by hand and
exposing hazardous voltages. Use high-reliability fail-safe
interlock switches to disconnect power sources when a
test xture cover is opened.
Connect
• Where possible, use automatic handlers so operators
NOTE
CAUTION
are not required to access the DUT or other potentially
hazardous areas.
• Provide training to all users of the system so they
understand all potential hazards and know how to protect
themselves from injury.
• In many systems, during power up, the outputs may be in
an unknown state until they are properly initialized. Make
sure the design can tolerate this situation without causing
operator injury or hardware damage.
To keep users safe, always read and follow all safety warnings
provided with each of the instruments in your system.
Do not cover the ventilation holes on the top, sides, or
bottom of the instrument.
Make sure the instrument is positioned so that it is easy to
reach any disconnecting devices, such as the power cord
and the power switch.
Power up the instrument
The Series 2281S operates at 100 V, 120 V, 220 V, or 240 V
with a frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz. Make sure that the AC
line voltage indicator in the center of the rear-panel power
module matches the AC line voltage in your facility.
Install the instrument
You can use the Series 2281S on a bench or in a rack.
Please see the instructions that came with your rack-mount
kit if you are installing the Series 2281S in a rack.
To prevent damaging heat build-up and ensure specied
performance, make sure there is adequate ventilation and air
ow around the instrument to ensure proper cooling.
On some sensitive or easily damaged devices under
test (DUTs), the instrument power-up and power down
sequences can apply transient signals to the DUT that
may aect or damage it. When testing this type of DUT,
do not make nal connections to it until the instrument
has completed its power-up sequence and is in a known
operating state.
The power cord supplied with the Series 2281 contains
WARNING
CAUTION
a separate protective earth (safety ground) wire for use
with grounded outlets. When proper connections are
made, the instrument chassis is connected to power-
line ground through the ground wire in the power cord.
In addition, a redundant protective earth connection
is provided through a screw on the rear panel. This
terminal should be connected to a known protective
earth. In the event of a failure, not using a properly
grounded protective earth and grounded outlet may
result in personal injury or death due to electric shock.
Do not replace detachable mains supply cords with
inadequately rated cords. Failure to use properly rated
cords may result in personal injury or death due to
electric shock.
To connect line power:
1. Make sure the front-panel power switch is in the o
position.
2. Connect the socket of the supplied power cord to
the power connection on the rear panel.
3. Connect the plug of the power cord to a grounded
AC outlet.
Operating the instrument on an incorrect line voltage
may cause damage to the instrument, possibly voiding
the warranty.
Turn on the instrument
Turn on the instrument by pressing the front-panel POWER
switch to the on position. The instrument powers up.
Connect
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