Tektronix RSA3408A User Manual

User Manual

RSA3408A 8 GHz Real-Time Spectrum Analyzer

071-1617-03

This document applies to firmware version 3.30 and above.

www.tektronix.com

Copyright © Tektronix. All rights reserved. Licensed software products are owned by Tektronix or its subsidiaries or suppliers, and are protected by national copyright laws and internati onal treaty provisions.

Tektronix products are covered by U.S. and foreign patents, issued and pending. Information in this publication supercedes that in all previously published material. Specifications and price change privileges reserved.

TEKTRONIX and TEK are registered trademarks of Tektronix, Inc.

Contacting Tektronix

Tektronix, Inc. 14200 SW Karl Braun Drive P.O. Box 500 Beaverton, OR 97077 USA

For product information, sales, service, and technical support:

H In North America, call 1-800-833-9200. H Worldwide, visit www.tektronix.com to find contacts in your area.

End User License Agreement for Microsoft Software

You have acquired a device (“DEVICE”) that includes software licensed by Tektronix Japan, Ltd. (“TJ”) from Microsoft Licensing Inc. or its affiliates (“MS”). Those installed software products of MS origin, as well as associated media, printed materials, and “online” or electronic documentation (“SOFTWARE”) are protected by international intellectual property laws and treaties. The SOFTWARE is licensed, not sold. All rights reserved.

IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO THIS END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT (“EULA”), DO NOT USE THE DEVICE OR COPY THE SOFTWARE. INSTEAD, PROMPTLY CONTACT TJ FOR INSTRUCTIONS ON RETURN OF THE UNUSED DEVICE(S) FOR A REFUND. ANY USE OF THE SOFTWARE, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO

USE ON THE DEVICE, WILL CONSTITUTE YOUR AGREEMENT TO THIS EULA (OR RATIFICATION OF ANY PREVIOUS CONSENT).

GRANT OF SOFTWARE LICENSE. This EULA grants you the following license:

You may use the SOFTWARE only on the DEVICE.

NOT FAULT TOLERANT.

THE SOFTWARE IS NOT FAULT TOLERANT. TJ HAS INDEPENDENTLY DETERMINED HOW TO USE THE SOFTWARE IN THE DEVICE, AND MS HAS RELIED UPON TJ TO CONDUCT SUFFICIENT TESTING TO DETERMINE THAT THE SOFTWARE IS SUITABLE FOR SUCH USE.

NO WARRANTIES FOR THE SOFTWARE.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS” AND WITH ALL FAULTS. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO SA TISFACTORY QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, ACCURACY, AND EFFORT (INCLUDING LACK OF NEGLIGENCE) IS WITH YOU. ALSO, THERE IS NO WARRANTY AGAINST INTERFERENCE WITH YOUR ENJOYMENT OF THE SOFTWARE OR AGAINST INFRINGEMENT. IF YOU HAVE RECEIVED

ANY WARRANTIES REGARDING THE DEVICE OR THE SOFTWARE, THOSE WARRANTIES DO NOT ORIGINATE FROM, AND ARE NOT BINDING ON, MS.

N O T E O N J AVA S UP P O RT.

The SOFTWARE may contain support for programs written in Java. Java technology is not fault tolerant and is not designed, manufactured, or i ntended for use or resale as online control equipment in hazardous environments requiring fail--safe performance, such as in the operation of nuclear facilities, aircraft navigation or communication systems, air traffic control, direct life support machines, or weapons systems, in which the failure of Java technology could lead directly to death, personal injury, or severe physical or environmental damage. Sun Microsystems, Inc. has contractually obligated MS to make this disclaimer.

NO LIABILITY FOR CERTAIN DAMAGES.

EXCEPT AS PROHIBITED BY LAW, MS SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES ARISING FROM OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE. THIS LIMITATION SHALL APPLY EVEN IF ANY REMEDY FAILS OF ITS ESSENTIAL PURPOSE. IN NO EVENT SHALL MS BE LIABLE FOR ANY AMOUNT IN EXCESS OF U.S. TWO HUNDRED FIFTY DOLLARS (U.S.$250.00).

LIMITATIONS ON REVERSE ENGINEERING, DECOMP ILATION, AND DISASSEMBLY.

You may not reverse engineer, decompile, or disassemble the SOFTWARE, except and only to the extent that such activity is expressly permitted by applicable law notwithstanding this limitation.

SOFTW ARE TRANSFER ALLOWED BUT WITH RESTRICTIONS.

You may permanently transfer rights under this EULA only as part of a permanent sale or transfer of the Device, and only if the recipient agrees to this EULA. If the SOFTWARE is an upgrade, a ny tra nsfer must also include all prior versions of the SOFTWARE.

EXPORT RESTRICTIONS.

You acknowledge that SOFTWARE is of US--origin. You agree to comply with all applicable international and national laws that apply to the SOFTWARE, including the U.S. Export Administration Regulations, as well as end--user, end--use and country destination restrictions issued by U.S. and other governments. For additional information on exporting the SOFTWARE, see http://www.microsoft.com/exporting/.

LIMITATION ON SOFTWARE PROGRAMS USED ON THE DEVICE.

The combination of software programs you use on the DEVICE shall address not more than two (2) general office automation or consumer computing functions. Such functions include, but are not limited to: email, word processing, spreadsheets, database, network browsing, scheduling, and personal finance.

STORAGE/NETWORK USE.

The SOFTWARE may not be installed, accessed, displayed, run, shared or used concurrently on or from different computers, including a workstation, term inal or other digital electronic device (“Computing System”). Notwithstanding the foregoing and except as otherwise provided below, any number of Computing Systems, may access or otherwise utilize the file and print services and internet information services of the SOFTWARE, if included.

You may use the SOFTWARE on a single DEVICE as interactive workstation software, but not as server software. However, you may permit a maximum of ten (10) Computing Systems to connect to the DEVICE to access and use services of the SOFTWARE, such as file and print services and internet information services. The ten--connection maximum includes any indirect conne ctions made through other software or hardware which pools or aggregates connections.

Warranty 2

Tektronix warrants that this product will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one (1) year from the date of shipment. If any such product proves defective during this warranty period, Tektronix, at its option, either will repair the defective product without charge for parts and labor, or will provide a replacement in exchange for the defective product. Parts, modules and replacement products used by Tektronix for warranty work may be new or reconditioned to like new performance. All replaced parts, modules and products become the property of Tektronix.

In order to obtain service under this warranty, Customer must notify Tektronix of the defect before the expiration of the warranty period and make suitable arrangements for t he pe rformance of service. Customer shall be responsible for packaging and shipping the defective product to the service center designated by Tektronix, with shipping charges prepaid. Tektronix shall pay for the return of the product to Customer if the shipment is to a location within the country in which the Tektronix service center is located. Customer shall be responsible for paying all shipping charges, duties, taxes, and any other charges for products returned to any other locations.

This warranty shall not apply to any defect, failure or damage caused by improper use or improper or inadequate maintenance and care. Tektronix shall not be obligated to furnish service under t his warranty a) to repair damage resulting from attempts by personnel other than Tektronix representatives to install, repair or service the product; b) to repair damage resulting from improper use or connection to incompatible equipment; c) to repair any damage or malfunction caused by the use of non-Tektronix supplies; or d) to service a product that has been modified or integrated with other products when the effect of such modification or integration increases the time or difficulty of servicing the product.

THIS WARRANTY IS GIVEN BY TEKTRONIX WITH RESPECT TO THE PRODUCT IN LIEU OF ANY OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS DISCLAIM ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. TEKTRONIX’ RESPONSIBILITY TO REPAIR OR REPLACE DEFECTIVE PRODUCTS IS THE SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY PROVIDED TO THE CUSTOMER FOR BREACH OF THIS WARRANTY. TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IRRESPECTIVE OF WHETHER TEKTRONIX OR THE VENDOR HAS ADVANCE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

Service Options

Tektronix provides service to cover repair under warranty as well as other services that are designed to meet your specific service needs. Advancing technology has brought incredible change to the power of measurement instruments. Manufacturing methods and calibration techni ques have been revolutionized, making the service challenge tougher than ever. By using Tektronix as your service provider you make use of our technology and product knowledge, our world-wide logistics infrastructure, and our ISO9000 approved service centers. Tektronix technicians are trained on the latest products and are equipped with the most current information on product improvements and upgrades for optimum product performance.

Warranty Repair Service. Tektronix technicians provide warranty service at most Tektronix service locations worldwide. The warranty period for this product can be found behind the title page in this manual.

Calibration and Repair Service. Tektronix offers calibrations, non-warranty repair, and support for customers performing their own service. Where appropriate, calibrations are compliant to ANSI/NCSL Z--540/ISO17025 and ISO9000 Quality Systems. If you prefer to perform your own service, Tektronix supports repair to the replaceable-part level through providing for circuit board exchange. All services can be purchased through a variety of agreements to fit your specific requirements.

For more information regarding service offerings or service locations worldwide, please see the Tektronix product catalog or visit us on our Customer Services World Center web site at:

http://www.tek.com/Measurement/Service.

Getting Started

General Safety Summary xv...................................

Preface xvii...................................................

About This Manual xvii...............................................

Related Documents xviii...............................................

Conventions xix....................................................

Product Overview 1--1.........................................

Features 1--1........................................................

Application 1--2.....................................................

Real-Time Analysis 1--3..............................................

Architecture 1--6....................................................

Installation 1--9...............................................

Unpacking to Check Contents 1--9......................................

Applying Power 1--10.................................................

Setting Up the Stand 1--13..............................................

Functional Check 1--14................................................

Powering Off the Analyzer 1--18.........................................

Restarting the Analyzer 1--19...........................................

Backing Up User Files 1--20............................................

Installing Other Applications 1--20.......................................

Calibration 1--21...............................................

Cal Menu 1--22......................................................

Calibrating Gain 1--23.................................................

Calibrating Center Offset 1--24..........................................

Calibrating DC Offset 1--25.............................................

Calibrating IF Flatness 1--25............................................

Adjusting Display Brightness 1--26.......................................

Confirming Performance 1--26..........................................

Operating Basics

RSA3408A User Manual

Interface Maps 2--1............................................

Controls and Connectors 2--2..........................................

Display Screen 2-- 9..................................................

Functional Overview 2--15.......................................

Menu Keys 2--15.....................................................

Menu Operations 2--18................................................

Measurement Basics 2--23..............................................

Setting System Parameters 2--25.........................................

Using Windows XP 2--28...............................................

Table of Contents

Reference

Tutorial 2--31..................................................

Preparations 2--32....................................................

Displaying Spectrum 2--35.............................................

Using Markers and Peak Search 2--42.....................................

Using Averaging and Comparison Displays 2--47............................

Displaying a Spectrogram 2--50.........................................

Spectrum Analysis 2--53...............................................

Modulation Analysis 2--57..............................................

Turning Off the Power 2--64............................................

Spectrum Analysis (S/A Mode) 3--1..............................

Measurement Screen Layout 3--2.......................................

Spectrum Analysis 3--4...............................................

Spectrogram Display 3--18.............................................

Real-Time Analysis 3--20..............................................

Zoom Function 3--24..................................................

Modulation Analysis (Demod Mode) 3--27..........................

Measurement Screen Layout 3--29.......................................

Analog Modulation Analysis 3--37.......................................

Digital Modulation Analysis (Option 21 Only) 3--44.........................

RFID Analysis (Option 21 Only) 3--61....................................

Time Analysis (Time Mode) 3 --83.................................

Measurement Screen Layout 3--83.......................................

Time Variation Measurement 3--84.......................................

CCDF Measurement 3--88..............................................

Pulse Measurements 3-- 93..............................................

Signal Source Analysis (Option 21 Only) 3--103.............................

Setting Frequency and Span 3--119.................................

Frequency and Span Setting Menu 3--120...................................

Using the Channel Table 3--122..........................................

Using the Marker and Peak Search 3--123..................................

Frequency Setting Range 3--124..........................................

Vector Span 3--126.....................................................

Setting Amplitude 3--127.........................................

Amplitude Menu 3--127.................................................

Over-Voltage Input 3--131...............................................

Amplitude Correction 3--132.............................................

Setting Timing Parameters 3--141..................................

Timing Menu 3--141...................................................

Seamless Acquisition 3--145.............................................

Trigger 3--147...................................................

Trigger Menu 3--148...................................................

Creating a Trigger Mask (Option 02 Only) 3--155............................

Trigger Point Indicator 3--161............................................

Synchronous Operation with External Instruments 3--162......................

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Table of Contents

FFT and RBW 3--163............................................

RBW/FFT Menu 3--164.................................................

FFT Points 3--167.....................................................

FFT Window 3--168....................................................

Trace Comparison Disp lay and Average Function 3--173...............

Trace/Avg Menu 3--174.................................................

Displaying Trace 1 and 2 3--176..........................................

Averaging the Waveform 3--177..........................................

Saving/Loading Waveform Data 3--180....................................

Trace Compression 3--180...............................................

Setting Views 3--183.............................................

View Menu 3--184.....................................................

Basic Procedure 3--185.................................................

Spectrum View Setting 3--186............................................

Spectrogram View Setting 3--187.........................................

Time Domain View Setting 3-- 189........................................

CCDF View Setting 3--191..............................................

Constellation View Setting (Option 21 Only) 3--192..........................

EVM View Setting (Option 21 Only) 3--193.................................

Symbol Table Setting (Option 21 Only) 3--196..............................

Eye Diagram Setting (Option 21 Only) 3--196...............................

AM/AM View Setting (Option 21 Only) 3--198..............................

AM/PM View Setting (Option 21 Only) 3--199..............................

PDF View Setting (Option 21 Only) 3--200.................................

Noisogram View Setting (Option 21 Only) 3--201............................

Display Line 3--203..............................................

Display Line Operation (Other than Real Time S/A) 3--204....................

Multi Display Lines (Real Time S/A Only) 3--207............................

Marker Operation and Peak Search 3--211..........................

Markers Menu 3--212...................................................

Using Markers 3--215..................................................

Peak Search 3--220.....................................................

Using the Online Help 3--223......................................

Displaying the Online Help 3--223........................................

Using a Mouse and Keyboard 3--226......................................

Selecting Input Source 3--227......................................

Input Menu 3--227.....................................................

File Operations 3--229............................................

File Type 3--229.......................................................

Load/Save Menu 3--230.................................................

Saving and Loading Files 3--232..........................................

Entering a File Name 3--238.............................................

Deleting a File 3--240..................................................

Making/Deleting a Directory 3--240.......................................

File Format 3--241...............................................

Data File Format 3--241.................................................

Trace File Format 3--249................................................

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Table of Contents

Appendices

Screen Copy 3--253..............................................

Print Menu 3--253.....................................................

Printing a Screen Copy 3--254............................................

Creating a File 3--255..................................................

Appendix A: Menu Tree A-- 1....................................

Appendix B: Digital Demodulation Symbol Mapping B--1............

Appendix C: Digital IQ Output Connector Pin Assignment

(Option 05) C--1............................................

Appendix D: Using the Removable Hard Disk Drive (Option 06) D--1..

Replacing the Hard Drive D--1..........................................

Using the USB Memory D--1...........................................

Appendix E: Inspection and Cleaning E--1.........................

Inspecting the Exterior E--1............................................

Cleaning the Exterior E--2.............................................

Lubrication E-- 2.....................................................

Cleaning the Interior E-- 2..............................................

Appendix F: Options and Accessories F--1.........................

Options F--1........................................................

Standard Accessories F--3.............................................

Optional Accessories F--4.............................................

Glossary Index

RSA3408A User Manual

List of Figures

Table of Contents

Figure 1--1: Concept of the swept spectrum analyzer 1--3............

Figure 1--2: Sweep of resolution filter 1--3.........................

Figure 1--3: Concept of the r eal-time spectrum analyzer 1--4..........

Figure 1--4: Concurrent acquisition 1--4...........................

Figure 1--5: Frame acquisition 1--5...............................

Figure 1--6: Block diagram 1--6..................................

Figure 1--7: AC Input (rear panel) 1--10............................

Figure 1--8: Principal power switch (rear panel) 1--11................

Figure 1--9: Front panel power switch (ON/STANDBY switch) 1--11....

Figure 1--10: Initial screen 1--12..................................

Figure 1--11: RF INPUT connector 1--12...........................

Figure 1--12: Setting up the stand 1-- 13............................

Figure 1--13: Spectrum of the calibration signal (100 MHz, about

--20 dBm) 1--14.............................................

Figure 1--14: Setup display 1--15..................................

Figure 1--15: Reference level setting and A/D overflow indicator 1--16...

Figure 1--16: Spectrogram disp lay 1--17............................

Figure 1--17: Calibration menu structure 1--22......................

Figure 1--18: UNCAL display 1--23................................

Figure 1--19: Center offset 1--24...................................

Figure 1--20: DC offset 1--25......................................

Figure 1--21: System menu 1--26..................................

RSA3408A User Manual

Figure 2--1: Front panel 2--2.....................................

Figure 2--2: Rear panel 2--4.....................................

Figure 2--3: Side panel 2--6......................................

Figure 2-- 4: Connecting USB devices 2--7..........................

Figure 2--5: Operation with mouse and keyboard 2--8...............

Figure 2--6: Display screen configuration 2--9......................

Figure 2--7: Status display 2--11...................................

Figure 2--8: Pre- and post-trigger regions 2--11......................

Figure 2--9: Key lock display 2--12................................

Figure 2--10: Setup display 2--13..................................

Figure 2--11: Menu keys 2--16....................................

Figure 2--12: Example menu item display 2--18......................

Table of Contents

Figure 2--13: Menu item types 2--19...............................

Figure 2--14: Numeric setting menu 2--19...........................

Figure 2--15: Changing value with the knob 2--20....................

Figure 2--16: Changing value with the keypad 2--21..................

Figure 2--17: Numeric keypad 2--21...............................

Figure 2--18: Step size for the center frequency 2-- 22.................

Figure 2--19: Changing the step size to the predetermined values 2--22..

Figure 2--20: Selecting the measurement mode 2--23..................

Figure 2--21: Starting/Stopping data acquisition 2--24................

Figure 2--22: Restoring default settings 2--24........................

Figure 2--23: System menu 2--25..................................

Figure 2--24: Displaying versions and options 2--26..................

Figure 2--25: Displaying the Windows XP accessory menu 2--29........

Figure 2--26: Cable connection 2--32...............................

Figure 2--27: Principal power switch (rear panel) 2--33...............

Figure 2--28: Power switch (ON/STANDBY) 2--33...................

Figure 2--29: Initial screen 2--34..................................

Figure 2--30: Frequency, span, and amplitude settings 2--35...........

Figure 2-- 31: Menu items for numeric value input 2--36...............

Figure 2--32: Numeric value entry keypad 2--36.....................

Figure 2--33: Center frequency of 100 MHz, span of 36 MHz 2--37......

Figure 2--34: Center frequency of 100 MHz, span of 20 kHz 2--38......

Figure 2--35: Setting amplitude 2--39..............................

Figure 2-- 36: Menu items for numeric value input 2--40...............

Figure 2--37: Reference level of 10 dBm 2--40.......................

Figure 2--38: Status indicator 2--41................................

Figure 2--39: Measurement with a single marker 2--43................

Figure 2--40: Measurement with the delta marker 2--44...............

Figure 2--41: Searching for the peak 2--46..........................

Figure 2--42: Averaging a waveform 2--48..........................

Figure 2--43: Comparison display with averaged waveform 2--49.......

Figure 2--44: Concurrent display of spectrum and spectrogram 2--50...

Figure 2--45: Tall display of spectrum and spectrogram 2--51..........

Figure 2--46: Spectrogram view 2--52..............................

Figure 2--47: Channel power measurement 2--54.....................

Figure 2--48: Channel power measurement (Channel Bandwidth

=40kHz) 2--55.............................................

Figure 2--49: Carrier frequency measurement 2--56..................

Figure 2--50: MODE keys 2--57...................................

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Figure 2--51: AM signal measurement 2--58.........................

Figure 2--52: Analysis range settings 2--60..........................

Figure 2--53: Frame and block 2--60...............................

Figure 2--54: Changing the acquisition length 2--61..................

Figure 2--55: Single view display 2--62.............................

Figure 2--56: Scale settings 2--63..................................

Figure 3--1: S/A menu structure 3--1..............................

Figure 3--2: S/A measurement screen 3--2..........................

Figure 3--3: “Flex” grid style 3--3................................

Figure 3--4: Channel power measurement band power markers 3--5...

Figure 3--5: Channel power measurement 3-- 6......................

Figure 3--6: ACPR measurement band power markers 3-- 7...........

Figure 3--7: Example of ACPR measurement 3--8...................

Figure 3--8: C/N measurement band power markers 3--9.............

Figure 3--9: Example of C/N measurement 3--10.....................

Figure 3-- 10: OBW measurement band power marker 3--11...........

Figure 3--11: Example of OBW measurement 3--12...................

Figure 3--12: Carrier frequency measurement 3--13..................

Figure 3--13: EBW measurement band power markers 3--14...........

Figure 3--14: EBW measurement 3--15.............................

Figure 3-- 15: Setting up spurious signal measurement 3--16...........

Figure 3--16: Example of spurious signal measurement 3--17..........

Figure 3--17: Spectrum and spectrogram concurrent display 3--18......

Figure 3--18: Vi ew orientation 3--19...............................

Figure 3--19: Single display 3--19..................................

Figure 3--20: Difference between normal and real-time modes 3--20.....

Figure 3--21: Real-time mode 3--22................................

Figure 3--22: Zoom function 3--24.................................

Figure 3-- 23: Zoom domain settings using the Timing menu 3--25......

Figure 3--24: Zoomed area settings using the marker 3--26............

Figure 3--25: Demod menu structure 3--27..........................

Figure 3--26: Demod mode screen 3--29............................

Figure 3--27: Analysis range setting in the overview 3--30.............

Figure 3--28: MARKERS keys 3--31...............................

Figure 3--29: Specifying the range with the marker and the

reference cursor 3--32........................................

Figure 3-- 30: Specifying the analysis range using the mouse 3--33.......

Figure 3--31: FFT processing range setting on the overview 3--34.......

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Figure 3--32: Changing the overview and subview 3--35...............

Figure 3--33: One-view display 3--36...............................

Figure 3--34: AM demod measurement 3--39........................

Figure 3--35: FM demod measurement 3--40........................

Figure 3--36: PM demod measurement 3--41........................

Figure 3--37: IQ versus time measurement 3--42.....................

Figure 3--38: Pulse spectrum measurement 3--43.....................

Figure 3--39: Process flow for digitally-modulated signals 3--48........

Figure 3--40: Constellation analysis 3--50...........................

Figure 3--41: EVM measurement 3--51.............................

Figure 3--42: IQ/Frequency versus time measurement 3--52...........

Figure 3--43: Power variance measurement 3--53....................

Figure 3--44: Symbol table analysis 3--54...........................

Figure 3--45: Eye diagram analysis 3--55...........................

Figure 3--46: Setting Linear Signal Region 3--56.....................

Figure 3--47: AM/AM measurement 3--57...........................

Figure 3--48: AM/PM measurement 3--58...........................

Figure 3--49: CCDF measurement 3--59............................

Figure 3--50: PDF measurement 3--60..............................

Figure 3--51: RFID waveform and measurement items 3--62...........

Figure 3--52: Carrier measurement 3--65...........................

Figure 3--53: Spurious measurement 3--66..........................

Figure 3--54: ACPR measurements 3--68...........................

Figure 3--55: Modified Miller code 3--71............................

Figure 3--56: Transmission power on/down measurement

parameters 3--72............................................

Figure 3--57: Power on/down measurements 3--74....................

Figure 3--58: RF envelope measurement (main view) 3--76............

Figure 3--59: RF envelope measurement parameters 3--77.............

Figure 3--60: Constellation, eye diagram, and symbol table

(main view) 3--79............................................

Figure 3--61: Definition of the modulation depth and index 3--81.......

Figure 3--62: Time menu structure 3--83............................

Figure 3--63: IQ versus Time measurement 3--85....................

Figure 3--64: Power variance measurement 3--86....................

Figure 3--65: Frequency measurement 3-- 87.........................

Figure 3--66: CCDF calculation process 3--88.......................

Figure 3--67: CCDF single view 3--91..............................

Figure 3--68: CCDF multi-view 3--92..............................

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Figure 3--69: Definition of pulse characteristics 3--94.................

Figure 3--70: Definition of pulse-on/off 3--94........................

Figure 3--71: Setting for View Results For... 3--98....................

Figure 3-- 72: Setting the View Define menu 3--99....................

Figure 3--73: Waveform display in the su bview 3--102.................

Figure 3--74: Phase noise measurement parameters 3--106..............

Figure 3--75: Phase noise measurement 3--107........................

Figure 3--76: Spurious measurement 3 --110..........................

Figure 3--77: Real-time phase noise measurement parameters 3--112.....

Figure 3--78: Real-time phase noise measurement 3--113...............

Figure 3--79: Settling time displayed in the subview 3 --114.............

Figure 3--80: Real-time spurious measurement 3--116.................

Figure 3--81: Frequency versus Time measurement parameters 3--117....

Figure 3--82: Frequency versus Time measurement 3--118..............

Figure 3--83: Setting frequency and span 3--121......................

Figure 3-- 84: Setting the center frequency using MARKER ➡ 3--123.....

Figure 3--85: Relationship between the frequency and span settings 3--125

Figure 3--86: Vector mode and scalar mode 3--126....................

Figure 3--87: Amplitude menu structure 3-- 127.......................

Figure 3--88: Setting the amplitude 3--128...........................

Figure 3--89: A/D overflow indicator 3--131..........................

Figure 3--90: The amplitude correction concept 3--132.................

Figure 3--91: Amplitude correction example 3--134....................

Figure 3--92: Amplitude correction data input 3-- 137..................

Figure 3--93: Amplitude offset 3--139...............................

Figure 3--94: Frequency offset 3--139...............................

Figure 3--95: Amplitude correction setup display 3--140................

Figure 3--96: Timing menu structure 3--141..........................

Figure 3--97: Timing parameters 3 --143.............................

Figure 3--98: Timing parameters in the zoom mode 3--144..............

Figure 3--99: Frame cycle 3--145...................................

Figure 3--100: Seamless acquisition 3--145...........................

Figure 3--101: Trigger menu structure 3--148.........................

Figure 3--102: Trigger position 3--150...............................

Figure 3--103: Power trigger detection range 3--151...................

Figure 3--104: Trigger level and slope 3--152.........................

Figure 3--105: Acquiring and displaying data by Trigger and

Repeat modes 3--153..........................................

Figure 3--106: Trigger mask 3--155.................................

RSA3408A User Manual

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Figure 3--107: Filling operation for creating a mask 3--156.............

Figure 3--108: Example mask 3--157................................

Figure 3--109: Default mask 3--158.................................

Figure 3--110: Changing the position of Point A 3--158.................

Figure 3--111: Changing the position of Point B 3--159.................

Figure 3--112: Addin g Point C 3--159...............................

Figure 3--113: Trigger point display 3-- 161...........................

Figure 3--114: Synchronous operation of two RSA3408A analyzers 3--162.

Figure 3--115: FFT and RBW process 3--163.........................

Figure 3--116: RBW/FFT menu tree 3--164...........................

Figure 3--117: Process flow when RBW/FFT = FFT 3--165..............

Figure 3--118: FFT overlap 3--166..................................

Figure 3--119: Generating spurious signals by increasing the

number of FFT points 3--167...................................

Figure 3--120: Windowing process of time domain data 3--169..........

Figure 3--121: Comparison display of Trace 1 and 2 3--173.............

Figure 3--122: RBW/FFT menu structure 3--174......................

Figure 3--123: Displaying an averaged waveform 3--178................

Figure 3--124: Compared display 3--179.............................

Figure 3--125: Relationships between frame, bin, and pixel 3--181.......

Figure 3--126: Compression method for displaying the waveform 3--182..

Figure 3--127: View keys 3--184....................................

Figure 3-- 128: Setting the scale in spectrum view 3--186................

Figure 3--129: Scale and format settings in spectrogram view 3--188.....

Figure 3-- 130: Setting the scale in time domain view 3 --190.............

Figure 3--131: Setting the scale in CCDF view 3--191..................

Figure 3--132: Vector and constellation displays 3--192.................

Figure 3-- 133: Setting the scale in EVM view 3--193...................

Figure 3--134: EVM, magnitude and phase error displays 3--194........

Figure 3--135: Constellation view and error vectors in 1/4π QPSK 3--195.

Figure 3--136: Symbol table 3--196.................................

Figure 3--137: Eye diagram view 3--197.............................

Figure 3--138: Vector and dot displays for AM/AM view 3--198.........

Figure 3--139: Vector and dot displays for AM/PM view 3--199..........

Figure 3--140: Setting the scale in PDF view 3--200....................

Figure 3--141: Setting the scale in noisogram view 3--202...............

Figure 3--142: Display line 3--203..................................

Figure 3--143: Lines menu structure (other than Real Time S/A) 3--204...

Figure 3--144: Two horizontal lines 3--205...........................

RSA3408A User Manual

Table of Contents

Figure 3--145: Two horizontal and two vertical lines 3--206.............

Figure 3--146: Multi d isplay lines (Real Time S/A mode) 3--207.........

Figure 3--147: Lines menu structure (Real Time S/A) 3--208............

Figure 3--148: Marker display 3--211...............................

Figure 3--149: Markers menu structure 3--212........................

Figure 3--150: Measurement with a single marker 3--215...............

Figure 3--151: Using the delta marker to take measurements 3--216......

Figure 3--152: Measurement with the reference cursor 3--217...........

Figure 3--153: Changing the Trace 3--218............................

Figure 3--154: Interlocked markers 3--219...........................

Figure 3--155: Functions of the peak search keys 3--220................

Figure 3--156: Setting the minimum frequency jump 3--221............

Figure 3--157: Online help for the front panel key 3--224...............

Figure 3--158: Online user manual 3--225............................

Figure 3--159: Word search using the keyboard 3--226.................

Figure 3--160: Input menu tree 3--227...............................

Figure 3--161: Load/Save menu structure 3--230......................

Figure 3--162: Save to the preset file (lower right of the screen) 3--233....

Figure 3-- 163: Selecting the folder 3--234............................

Figure 3--164: Save to File menu 3--235.............................

Figure 3--165: Load from the preset file (lower right of the screen) 3--236.

Figure 3--166: Load from File menu 3-- 237..........................

Figure 3--167: Alphan umeric keypad 3--238..........................

Figure 3--168: Data file structure 3--241.............................

Figure 3--169: Addi ng dummy frames 3--243.........................

Figure 3--170: Data block 3--245...................................

Figure 3--171: Trace file structure 3--249............................

Figure 3--172: Trace file example 3--249.............................

Figure 3--173: Data block 3--251...................................

Figure 3--174: Print menu structure 3--253...........................

RSA3408A User Manual

Figure A--1: Menu keys A--1.....................................

Figure B--1: Symbol mapping: GFSK/BPSK, QPSK, 8PSK, 16QAM,

32QAM, and 64QAM B--1...................................

Figure B--2: Symbol mapping: 256QAM B--2.......................

Figure C-- 1: Digital IQ output connector pin assignment C--1.........

Figure C--2: Definition of the setup and hold time C--5...............

Figure D-- 1: Detaching the removable hard disk drive D--2...........

Table of Contents

List of Tables

Table 1--1: Span and RBW 1--15..................................

Table 2--1: Key functions of the keyboard 2--8.....................

Table 2--2: Status display 2--11...................................

Table 2--3: Setup display 2--13...................................

Table 2--4: Menu key summary 2--16..............................

Table 2--5: Measurement modes 2--23.............................

Table 3--1: Standard menu in the S/A mode 3-- 1...................

Table 3--2: Measurement items in the S/A mode 3-- 4................

Table 3--3: Features of the real-time mode 3--21.....................

Table 3--4: Span setting range 3 --21...............................

Table 3--5: Standard menu in the Demod mode 3--28................

Tabl e 3--6: Communication standard and parameters 3--45...........

Table 3--7: Modulation type and available measurement item 3--45.....

Table 3--8: Measurement items for RFID analysis 3--62..............

Table 3--9: Standard settings 3 --69................................

Table 3--10: Details of the RF envelope measurement table 3--76.......

Table 3--11: Symbol value definition 3--80..........................

Table 3--12: Measurement result display items 3--80.................

Table 3--13: Signal source measurement items 3--103..................

Table 3--14: Phase noise measurement frequency band 3--108..........

Table 3--15: Bin width for each decade 3--108........................

Table 3--16: The number of waveform points 3--109..................

Table 3--17: Frequency and span setting range 3--124.................

Table 3--18: Reference level setting range 3--128......................

Table 3--19: Vertical scale setting range 3--130.......................

Table 3--20: How to acquire a waveform 3--149......................

Table 3--21: Trigger level setting range 3--151........................

Table 3--22: Characteristics and usage of FFT windows 3--168.........

Table 3--23: FFT window and bandpass filter 3--170..................

Table 3--24: Averaging method 3--175..............................

Table 3--25: Number of bins 3--180.................................

Table 3--26: Front panel keys for online help 3--225...................

Table 3--27: File save operation 3-- 232..............................

Table 3--28: Preset file names 3--233................................

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Table of Contents

Table 3--29: File load operation 3--236..............................

Table 3--30: Combinations of validA, P, I and Q 3--246................

Tabl e B -- 1: π/4 shift DQPSK B--3................................

Table B--2: GMSK B -- 3........................................

Table C--1: I OUTPUT connector pin assignment C--1...............

Table C--2: Q OUTPUT connector pin assignment C--3..............

Table E--1: External inspection check list E--1.....................

Table F--1: Power cord identification F--2.........................

Table F--2: Standard accessories F--3.............................

Table F--3: Accessories for optional software F--3...................

Table F--4: Optional accessories F--4.............................

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Table of Contents

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RSA3408A User Manual

General Safety Summary

Review the following safety precautions to avoid injury and prevent damage to this product or any products connected to it. To avoid potential hazards, use this product only as specified.

Only qualified personnel should perform service procedures.

To Avoid Fire or

Personal Injury

Use Proper Power Cord. Use only the power cord specified for this product and

certified for the country of use.

Connect and Disconnect Properly. Do not connect or disconnect probes or test leads while they are connected to a voltage source.

Ground the Product. This product is grounded through the grounding conductor of the power cord. To avoid electric shock, the grounding conductor must be connected to earth ground. Before making connections to the input or output terminals of the product, ensure that the product is properly grounded.

Observe All Terminal Ratings. To avoid fire or shock hazard, observe all ratings and markings on the product. Consult the product manual for further ratings information before making connections to the product.

Do Not Operate Without Covers. Do not operate this product with covers or panels removed.

Avoid Exposed Circuitry. Do not touch exposed connections and components when power is present.

Do Not Operate With Suspected Failures. If you suspect there is damage to this product, have it inspected by qualified service personnel.

Do Not Operate in Wet/Damp Conditions.

Symbols and Terms

RSA3408A User Manual

Do Not Operate in an Explosive Atmosphere.

Keep Product Surfaces Clean and Dry.

Provide Proper Ventilation. Refer to the manual’s installation instructions for

details on installing the product so it has proper ventilation.

Terms in this Manual. These terms may appear in this manual:

WARNING. Warning statements identify conditions or practices that could result in injury or loss of life.

General Safety Summary

CAUTION. Caution statements identify conditions or practices that could result in damage to this product or other property.

Terms on the Product. These terms may appear on the product:

DANGER indicates an injury hazard immediately accessible as you read the marking.

WARNING indicates an injury hazard not immediately accessible as you read the marking.

CAUTION indicates a hazard to property including the product.

Symbols on the Product. The following symbols may appear on the product:

Protective Ground

(Earth) Terminal

CAUTION

Refer to Manual

xvi

RSA3408A User Manual

Preface

About This Manual

This is the user manual for the RSA3408A 8 GHz Real-Time Spectrum Analyzer. It covers the following information:

H Describes the capabilities of the analyzer and how to install it

H Explai ns how to operate the analyzer: how to control acquisition of,

processing of, and input/output of information

H Shows the menu structure and lists accessories of the analyzer

This manual is composed of the following chapters:

H Getting Started describes the product overview, architecture, installation, and

calibration of the analyzer.

H Operating Basics explains the functions of the front, rear, and side panels

and menu items of the analyzer, and describes the basic menu operations.

This section also provides tutorials for beginners. It gives step-by-step

procedures for measurement using a signal generator .

H Reference explains the basic concepts of measurement processes and

application-specific operations. It also describes the front panel keys and

menus.

H Appendices provide additional information including the menu tree,

accessories, and cleaning information.

First time users should install the analyzer in Getting Started,thengoto Operating Basics and perform the tutorials beginning on Page 2--31.

The analyzer uses Microsoft Windows XP as the operating system. This manual does not describe common usage of Windows XP. Refer to your Windows manuals as necessary .

RSA3408A User Manual

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Preface

Conventions

Preface

H RSA3408A Option 28: TD-SCDMA Analysis Software User Manual

provides operating basics for the TD-SCDMA analysis.

H RSA3408A Option 29: WLAN 802.11a/b/g Analysis Software User Manual

provides operating basics for the WLAN analysis.

H RSA3408A Option 40: 3GPP Release 6 (HSUPA) Analysis Software

User Manual provides operating basics for the 3GPP Release 6 analysis.

This manual uses the following conventions:

H Front-panel key and control labels are printed in the manual in upper case

text. For example, SPAN, PEAK, PRINT. If it is part of a procedure, the key

or control label is printed in boldface. For example:

Press SPAN.

H To identify keys on the front panel, the area name label precedes the key .

For example:

Press the MODE: DEMOD key.

H Me nu and on-screen form titles are printed in the manual in the same case

(initial capitals) as they appear on the analyz er screen, such as Span, Source,

and Channel Power. If it is part of a procedure, the menu title is shown in

boldface. For example:

Press the Source side key.

H A series of keys, controls, and/or menu items separated by an arrow symbol

(→) indicates the order in which to perform the listed tasks. For example:

Select RBW/FFT → Filter Shape...→ Gaussian.

RSA3408A User Manual

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Preface

RSA3408A User Manual

Getting Started

+ 402 hidden pages

Tektronix RSA3408A User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Warranty 2

Service Options

Table of Contents

List of Figures

List of Tables

General Safety Summary

Preface

About This Manual

Related Documents

Conventions