User Manual
RSA3408A Option 23
W-CDMA Uplink Analysis Software
071-1673-00
This document applies to firmware version 1.0
and above.
www.tektronix.com
Copyright © Tektronix Japan, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Copyright © Tektronix, Inc. All rights reserved.
Tektronix products are covered by U.S. and foreign patents, issued and pending. Information in this publication supercedes
that in all previously published material. Specifications and price change privileges reserved.
Tektronix Japan, Ltd., Shinagawa Intercity Building B 6th Floor, 2-15-2 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-6106 Japan
Tektronix, Inc., P.O. Box 500, Beaverton, OR 97077
TEKTRONIX and TEK are registered trademarks of Tektronix, Inc.
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Hardware Warranty
Tektronix warrants that the products that it manufactures and sells will be free from defects in materials and workmanship
for a period of one (1) year from the date of shipment. If a product proves defective during this warranty period, Tektronix,
at its option, either will repair the defective product without charge for parts and labor, or will provide a replacement in
exchange for the defective product.
In order to obtain service under this warranty, Customer must notify Tektronix of the defect before the expiration of the
warranty period and make suitable arrangements for the performance of service. Customer shall be responsible for
packaging and shipping the defective product to the service center designated by Tektronix, with shipping charges prepaid.
Tektronix shall pay for the return of the product to Customer if the shipment is to a location within the country in which the
Tektronix service center is located. Customer shall be responsible for paying all shipping charges, duties, taxes, and any
other charges for products returned to any other locations.
This warranty shall not apply to any defect, failure or damage caused by improper use or improper or inadequate
maintenance and care. Tektronix shall not be obligated to furnish service under this warranty a) to repair damage resulting
from attempts by personnel other than Tektronix representatives to install, repair or service the product; b) to repair
damage resulting from improper use or connection to incompatible equipment; c) to repair any damage or malfunction
caused by the use of non-Tektronix supplies; or d) to service a product that has been modified or integrated with other
products when the effect of such modification or integration increases the time or difficulty of servicing the product.
THIS WARRANTY IS GIVEN BY TEKTRONIX IN LIEU OF ANY OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED. TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS DISCLAIM ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. TEKTRONIX’ RESPONSIBILITY TO
REPAIR OR REPLACE DEFECTIVE PRODUCTS IS THE SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY PROVIDED TO
THE CUSTOMER FOR BREACH OF THIS WARRANTY. TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS WILL NOT BE
LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IRRESPECTIVE
OF WHETHER TEKTRONIX OR THE VENDOR HAS ADVANCE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGES.
Software Warranty
Tektronix warrants that the media on which this software product is furnished and the encoding of the programs on the
media will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of three (3) months from the date of shipment.
If a medium or encoding proves defective during the warranty period, Tektronix will provide a replacement in exchange
for the defective medium. Except as to the media on which this software product is furnished, this software product is
provided “as is” without warranty of any kind, either express or implied. Tektronix does not warrant that the functions
contained in this software product will meet Customer’s requirements or that the operation of the programs will be
uninterrupted or error–free.
In order to obtain service under this warranty, Customer must notify Tektronix of the defect before the expiration of the
warranty period. If Tektronix is unable to provide a replacement that is free from defects in materials and workmanship
within a reasonable time thereafter, Customer may terminate the license for this software product and return this software
product and any associated materials for credit or refund.
THIS WARRANTY IS GIVEN BY TEKTRONIX IN LIEU OF ANY OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED. TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS DISCLAIM ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. TEKTRONIX’ RESPONSIBILITY TO
REPLACE DEFECTIVE MEDIA OR REFUND CUSTOMER’S PAYMENT IS THE SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE
REMEDY PROVIDED TO THE CUSTOMER FOR BREACH OF THIS WARRANTY. TEKTRONIX AND ITS
VENDORS WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES IRRESPECTIVE OF WHETHER TEKTRONIX OR THE VENDOR HAS ADVANCE NOTICE OF
THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
Table of Contents
Getting Started
Operating Basics
Preface v. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
About This Manual v. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Related Documents v. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Conventions vi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contacting Tektronix vii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Signal Type 1–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Definition of Analysis 1–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Measurement Functions 1–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Measurement Process 1–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Modulation Analysis Measurement Items 1–4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Measurement Menu 1–4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Basic Operation in the S/A Mode 2–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Measurement Procedure 2–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ACLR Measurement 2–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Basic Operation in the Demod Mode 2–5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Measurement Procedure 2–5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Meas Setup Menu 2–8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Determining the Symbol Rate 2–10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Scale and Format of View 2–11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Code Domain Power 2–14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power Codogram 2–16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Code Power versus Time Slot 2–18. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Code Power versus Symbol 2–20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Symbol Constellation 2–22. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Symbol EVM 2–23. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Symbol Eye Diagram 2–25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Symbol Table 2–26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Modulation Accuracy 2–27. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Appendices
Appendix A: Scale Setting Range A–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
i
Table of Contents
List of Figures
Figure 1–1: W-CDMA uplink analysis display 1–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 1–2: Internal process for W-CDMA uplink analysis 1–3. . . . . . . .
Figure 1–3: W-CDMA uplink measurement menu 1–4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 2–1: W-CDMA ACLR measurement 2–4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 2–2: Code domain power measurement example 2–7. . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 2–3: Determining the symbol rate 2–10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 2–4: Time slot table 2–11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 2–5: Code domain power versus Short code 2–15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 2–6: Power codogram 2–17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 2–7: Code domain power versus Time slot 2–19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 2–8: Code domain power versus Symbol 2–21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 2–9: Symbol constellation 2–22. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 2–10: Symbol EVM 2–24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 2–11: Symbol eye diagram 2–25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 2–12: Symbol table 2–26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 2–13: Modulation accuracy 2–27. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ii
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
List of Tables
Table of Contents
Table 1–1: Additional functions in Option 23 1–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 1–2: Uplink parameters 1–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table A–1: Display format and scale A–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
iii
Table of Contents
iv
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
Preface
About This Manual
This manual describes how to use the RSA3408A Option 23 W-CDMA Uplink
Analysis Software. For details on the standard functions of the analyzer, refer to
the RSA3408A 8 GHz Real-Time Spectrum Analyzer User Manual.
The manual consists of the following sections:
H Getting Started describes the overview of the W-CDMA uplink analysis.
H Operating Basics explains the menu functions and measurement procedures.
H Appendices provide additional information about scale setting ranges.
The analyzer uses Microsoft Windows XP as the operating system. This manual
does not describe common usage of Windows XP. Refer to your Windows
manuals as necessary.
Related Documents
PDF Manual
The following documents are also available for the analyzer.
H RSA3408A User Manual
(Standard accessory; Tektronix part number 071-1617-XX)
Describes how to install the analyzer and how to work with the menus, and
details the standard functions. Also shows the specifications.
H RSA3408A Programmer Manual
(Standard accessory; PDF, Tektronix part number 077-0003-XX)
Contains an alphabetical listing of the programming commands and other
information related to controlling the analyzer over the GPIB interface.
The programmer manual described above is a PDF document (the file size is
about 5 MB). The file is stored in this directory on the analyzer hard disk:
C:\Program Files\Tektronix\wca200a\Manuals
Use the USB or LAN interface to copy the file onto your PC. Refer to the
RSA3408A User Manual for using the interface.
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
v
Preface
Conventions
This manual uses the following conventions:
H Front-panel button and control labels are printed in the manual in upper case
text. For example, SPAN, PEAK, PRINT. If it is part of a procedure, the
button or control label is printed in boldface. For example:
Press SPAN.
H To easily find buttons on the front panel, the area name label is printed together
with the button by concatenating with a colon (:), as in MODE: DEMOD,
VIEW: SCALE, MARKERS: SELECT, etc. For example:
Press the MODE: DEMOD key.
H Menu and on-screen form titles are printed in the manual in the same case
(initial capitals) as they appear on the analyzer screen, such as Span, Source,
and Channel Power. If it is part of a procedure, the menu title is shown in
boldface. For example:
Press the Source side key.
H A list of keys, controls, and/or menu items separated by an arrow symbol
(Õ) indicates the order in which to perform the listed tasks. For example:
Select RBW/FFT Õ Filter Shape...Õ Gaussian.
vi
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
Contacting Tektronix
Preface
Phone 1Ć800Ć833Ć9200*
Address Tektronix, Inc.
Department or name (if known)
14200 SW Karl Braun Drive
P.O. Box 500
Beaverton, OR 97077
USA
Web site www.tektronix.com
Sales support 1Ć800Ć833Ć9200, select option 1*
Service support 1Ć800Ć833Ć9200, select option 2*
Technical support www.tektronix.com/support
1Ć800Ć833Ć9200, select option 3*
6:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m. Pacific time
* This phone number is toll free in North America. After office hours, please leave a
voice mail message.
Outside North America, contact a Tektronix sales office or distributor; see the
Tektronix web site for a list of offices.
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
vii
Preface
viii
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
Getting Started
Getting Started
This section outlines the uplink analysis according to the W-CDMA standard
using Option 23. Table 1–1 summarizes the additional functions in Option 23 by
measurement mode.
Table 1-1: Additional functions in Option 23
Measurement mode Additional functions
S/A (spectrum analysis) WĆCDMA ACLR measurement
Demod (modulation analysis) Nine measurement functions such as code domain power
Time (time analysis) None
Figure 1–1 shows an example of the uplink analysis in the Demod mode.
Figure 1-1: WĆCDMA uplink analysis display
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
1-1
Getting Started
Signal Type
Definition of Analysis
The analyzer supports three types of W-CDMA uplink signals:
H DPDCH (Dedicated Physical Data Channel) /
DPCCH (Dedicated Physical Control Channel)
H PRACH (Physical Random Access Data Channel)
H PCPCH (Physical Common Packet Channel)
The analyzer covers the W-CDMA uplink parameters listed in Table 1–2.
NOTE. The analyzer de-spreads DPCCH and the control part of the incoming
signal, using the frequency and phase to establish synchronization. If the level of
DPCCH or the control part is much lower than the level of the other channels,
accurate analysis may not be performed.
Table 1-2: Uplink parameters
DPDCH/DPCCH PRACH PCPCH
Item DPDCH DPCCH Data part Control part Data part Control part
Chip rate 3.84 Mcps
Symbol rate 15, 30, 60, 120,
240, 480, 960
ksps
Max. number of channels 6 1 1 1 1 1
Frame structure 15 timeĆslots, 10 ms
Time slot 2560 chips, 667 ms
Scrambling code Long or short
Number: 0 to 16,777,215
Preamble - 4096 chips, 1.067 ms 4096 chips, 1.067 ms
Modulation method BPSK for each channel
Baseband filter RootĆcosine with a=0.22 (default); 0.0001≤a≤1 settable
15 ksps 15, 30, 60, 120
ksps
Long
Number: 0 to 8,191
15 ksps 15, 30, 60, 120,
240, 480, 960
ksps
Long
Number: 8,192 to 40,959
15 ksps
1-2
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
Measurement Functions
Getting Started
The analyzer has the following measurement functions:
H Code domain power
Measures power relative to the total power for each channel.
H Time vs. Code domain power
Measures the relative power at symbol points for each channel in time series.
H Code domain power spectrogram
Measures the code domain power continuously for up to 150 slots
(0.1 sec) and displays spectrogram for each slot.
H Vector/Constellation
Measures the vector loci and chip points for entire signals, as well as
constellation at symbol points for each channel.
H Modulation accuracy
Measures EVM (Error Vector Magnitude), amplitude and phase errors,
waveform quality, and origin offset for each channel.
Measures PCDE (Peak Code Domain Error), amplitude, Frequency, and
phase errors, waveform quality, and origin offset for a time slot.
Measurement Process
The analyzer processes the input signals internally as shown in Figure 1–2.
1
Perform flatness correction and filtering.
DPDCH/DPCCH PRACH, PCPCH
2
Search for a synchronous point by
deĆspreading DPCCH.
3
Correct frequency and phase.
4
Obtain symbols for each channel of
DPDCH and DPCCH, and calculate
power for each symbol.
44
Obtain symbols for the data and
control parts, and calculate
power for each symbol.
Figure 1-2: Internal process for WĆCDMA uplink analysis
2
Correlate data with the preamble pattern
and deĆspread the control part of
message to determine whether the data
is preamble or message and search for a
synchronous point.
3
Correct frequency and phase.
Calculate the preamble power.
PreambleMessage part
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
1-3
Getting Started
Modulation Analysis Measurement Items
The W-CDMA uplink analysis provides the following nine measurement items
in the Demod (modulation analysis) mode. Select the measurement items with
the MEASURE menu.
H Code Domain Power. Displays code domain power for each short code.
H Power Codogram. Displays code domain power with a spectrogram.
H Code Power versus Time Slot. Displays code domain power for each
time slot.
H Code Power versus Symbol. Displays code domain power for each symbol.
H Symbol Constellation. Displays a symbol constellation.
H Symbol EVM. Displays EVM for each symbol.
H Symbol Eye Diagram. Displays a symbol eye diagram.
Measurement Menu
H Symbol Table. Displays a symbol table.
H Modulation Accuracy. Displays constellation and measurement results for
each time slot. The results were obtained before de-spread occurred.
Figure 1–3 shows the measurement menu items added in Option 23.
Standard... WĆCDMAĆUL Channel Power
ACLR
OBW
EBW
Carrier Frequency
Standard...
WĆCDMAĆUL
Code Domain Power
Power Codogram
Code Power versus Time Slot
Code Power versus Symbol
Symbol Constellation
Symbol EVM
Symbol Eye Diagram
Symbol Table
Modulation Accuracy
1-4
Figure 1-3: WĆCDMA uplink measurement menu
The following sections provide the measurement procedures.
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
Operating Basics
Basic Operation in the S/A Mode
This section describes the basic operation in the S/A (Spectrum Analysis) mode.
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
2-1
Basic Operation in the S/A Mode
Measurement Procedure
Use the following procedure for the spectrum measurement in the S/A mode.
1. Press the S/A key on the front panel.
2. Press the side key Standard...Õ W-CDMA-UL.
NOTE. For details on setting frequency, span, and amplitude, refer to the
RSA3408A User Manual.
3. Press the FREQUENCY/CHANNEL key on the front panel to set
frequency.
If you use the channel table, do these steps:
a. Press the Channel Table... side key and select W-CDMA-UL.
b. Press the Channel side key and select a channel by turning the general
purpose knob.
The center frequency is set to the value corresponding to the channel.
4. Set span and amplitude appropriately.
NOTE. If the input level is too high, A/D OVERFLOW displays in the red box at
the center top of the screen. If this occurs, raise the reference level.
5. Press the MEASURE key on the front panel and select a measurement item:
H Channel Power
H ACLR (Adjacent Channel Leakage Power Ratio)
H OBW (Occupied Bandwidth)
H EBW (Emission Bandwidth)
H Carrier Frequency
NOTE. The carrier frequency measurement function should be used to estimate
roughly the frequency of a W-CDMA signal. Use the modulation analysis
function (Demod mode) to measure accurately the W-CDMA signal.
2-2
All the measurement items except ACLR are the same as in the normal spectrum analysis. For details on these items, refer to the RSA3408A User Manual.
The ACLR measurement is described below.
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
ACLR Measurement
Basic Operation in the S/A Mode
The ACLR (Adjacent Channel Leakage Power Ratio) measurement procedure
according to the W-CDMA standard is described below. The W-CDMA ACLR
measurement is based on the ACPR measurement function in the normal
spectrum analysis. For the basics, refer to ACPR Measurement in the RSA3408A
User Manual.
The following settings are fixed according to the W-CDMA standard:
Span 25 MHz. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Main channel measurement bandwidth (Main Chan BW) 3.84 MHz. . . . .
Adjacent channel measurement bandwidth (Adj Chan BW) 3.84 MHz. . .
Channel spacing (Chan Spacing) 5 MHz. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
After selecting ACLR in the procedure on page 2–2, set the parameters in the
Measurement Setup menu as follows:
Measurement Setup Menu
Use the Measurement Setup menu to set the ACLR measurement parameters:
Sweep. Selects how to scan the 25 MHz span.
H On. Default. Acquires an input signal with five scans by the channel spacing
(5 MHz).
H Off. Acquires an input signal with a single scan in the 25 MHz span.
Noise Cancellation. Determines whether to subtract noise level from signal level
to obtain the measurement results.
H On. Measures noise level first, and since then, subtracts the noise level from
signal level to calculate ACLR measurement values.
H Off. Default. Calculates ACLR measurement values directly from the input
signal level.
NOTE. When you change amplitude and frequency settings, the Noise Cancellation setting returns to Off. Turn it on again if necessary.
Measurement Filter Shape... Selects a filter shape:
Rect (rectangle) or RootNyquist (Root Nyquist, default)
Rolloff Ratio. Sets the roll-off value when the filter is root Nyquist.
Range: 0.0001 to 1 (default: 0.22)
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
2-3
Basic Operation in the S/A Mode
Figure 2–1 displays an example of the ACLR measurement. Measured values are
displayed in the lower part of the screen.
Main Chan Upper 1 Upper 2Lower 1Lower 2
Figure 2-1: WĆCDMA ACLR measurement
2-4
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
Basic Operation in the Demod Mode
This section describes the basic operation in the Demod (Modulation Analysis)
mode. The W-CDMA uplink analysis in the Demod mode is based on the digital
modulation analysis function. For the digital modulation analysis, refer to the
RSA3408A User Manual.
Measurement Procedure
The following procedure show you how to acquire data of multiple slots in
advance, measure continuous data, and obtain continuous code domain power:
1. Press the DEMOD key on the front panel.
2. Press the side key Standard...Õ W-CDMA-UL.
3. Press the FREQUENCY/CHANNEL key on the front panel to set the
frequency.
NOTE. For details on setting frequency, span, and amplitude, refer to the
RSA3408A User Manual.
If you use the channel table, do these steps:
a. Press the Channel Table... side key and select W-CDMA-UL.
b. Press the Channel side key and select a channel by rotating the general
purpose knob.
The center frequency is set to the value corresponding to the channel.
4. Set span and amplitude appropriately.
If the input level is too high, A/D OVERFLOW displays in the red box at
the center top of the screen. At this time, raise the reference level.
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
2-5
Basic Operation in the Demod Mode
5. Press the TIMING key on the front panel and then the Acquisition Length
side key to set the time length to acquire one block.
Suppose that one block contains M frames; the acquisition length is
calculated with this equation:
(One block acquisition length) = M (One frame acquisition length)
One frame acquisition length is determined by span and indicated on the
Spectrum Length side key.
The number of frames M required for measuring N slots must meet the
following condition:
M > K (N + 1.2) + 1
where
K =16.7 (for span 20 MHz and 15 MHz)
8.34 (for span 10 MHz)
4.17 (for span 5 MHz)
For PRACH and PCPCH, preamble is excluded.
6. After acquiring measurement data, stop acquisition of data.
If you are acquiring data in the continuous mode, press the RUN/STOP key.
7. Press the MEASURE key on the front panel to select measurement items.
For example, press the Code Domain Power side key to observe code
domain power.
8. Press the MEAS SETUP key on the front panel to set the measurement
parameters. Refer to page 2–8 for details of the MEAS SETUP menu.
a. Press the side key Modulation Parameters...Õ Measurement Mode...
and select the type of signal: DPDCH/DPCCH, PRACH, or PCPCH.
b. Perform the following procedure based on the type of signal.
For DPDCH/DPCCH
Press the Scrambling Code Type side key to select the type of
scrambling code: Long or Short.
For PRACH or PCPCH
Press the Threshold side key to set the threshold for judging an input
signal as burst. The setting range is –100 to 10 dB relative to the
reference level.
c. Press the Scrambling Code side key to input the scrambling code
number.
2-6
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
Basic Operation in the Demod Mode
9. Set the analysis range in the overview.
Refer to the RSA3408A User Manual for the details.
10. Press the MEAS SETUP key on the front panel and then the Analyze side
key to perform measurement for the frames in the analysis range. The
measurement results and waveform are displayed in the main view.
Change the scale and format of view as needed. Refer to page 2–11 for
information about setting the views specific to W-CDMA uplink analysis.
Figure 2–2 shows an example of the code domain power measurement.
Figure 2-2: Code domain power measurement example
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
2-7
Basic Operation in the Demod Mode
Meas Setup Menu
The Meas Setup menu for the W-CDMA uplink analysis contains the following
items:
Analyze
Modulation Parameters...
Performs analysis for time slots in the analysis range.
Sets a measurement parameter to a non-standard value.
The following setting items are provided:
Measurement Mode... Selects the type of uplink signal:
H DPDCH/DPCCH
H PRACH
H PCPCH
Scrambling Code Type. Selects the scrambling code type when the
Measurement Mode is DPDCH/DPCCH:
H Long
H Short
Scrambling Code. Sets the scrambling code number. Range: 0 to 16777215
2-8
Threshold. Sets the threshold for judging input signal as burst when the
Measurement Mode is PRACH or PCPCH.
Range: –100 to 10 dB relative to the reference level.
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
Basic Operation in the Demod Mode
Measurement Filter....Selects a filter for demodulating digitally-modulated
signals:
H None (no filter)
H RootRaisedCosine
Reference Filter... Selects a filter for creating reference data:
H None (no filter)
H RaisedCosine
H Gaussian
For the filters, refer to Process Flow of Digitally-Modulated Signal in the
RSA3408A User Manual.
Filter Parameter. Sets the a/BT value for Measurement Filter and Reference Filter
described above. Range: 0.0001 to 1 (default: 0.22)
Auto Carrier
Frequency Offset
Selects whether to detect the carrier automatically.
H On. Default. Automatically detects the carrier for every frame.
The error from the center frequency is shown on the Freq Error side key.
H Off. Sets the carrier frequency using Frequency Offset described below.
Sets the carrier frequency when Off is selected in Auto Carrier.
Input the carrier offset from the center frequency.
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
2-9
Basic Operation in the Demod Mode
Determining the Symbol Rate
If the symbol rate of the analysis data is unknown, use the following steps to
determine the rate.
1. Press DEMOD Õ Standard...Õ W-CDMA-UL.
2. Press MEASURE Õ Code Domain Power.
3. Referring to the basic measurement procedure described just above, set the
measurement parameters and display the measurement results and graph on
the main view.
4. Press the VIEW: DEFINE key and then Symbol Rate... side key.
5. Select 15k (the minimum value).
Check the amplitude of the data part adjacent to the control part.
6. Set the symbol rate to the next higher value (initially 30k).
Check whether the amplitude of the data part is larger than the previous one.
Repeat step 6 until the amplitude remains unchanged. The symbol rate of the
analysis data is determined to the value immediately before the one for which the
amplitude does not change (see Figure 2–3).
Control part Data part
Symbol rate = 15k Symbol rate = 30k Symbol rate = 60k
In this example, the symbol rate of the analysis data is 30k.
Figure 2-3: Determining the symbol rate
The amplitude of the
data part increases.
No amplitude change
2-10
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
Scale and Format of View
The following main views are specific for the measurement items of W-CDMA
uplink analysis.
H Code domain power
H Power codogram
H Code power versus Time slot
H Code power versus Symbol
H Symbol constellation
H Symbol EVM
H Symbol eye diagram
H Symbol table
H Modulation accuracy
Each view and its specific menu are described on the following pages. In the
main view, the time slot table shown in Figure 2–4 is displayed in addition to
waveform and measurement result.
Time slot number in analysis range
(0 is the last number.)
Time slot number in radio frame
Signature number in preamble
Preamble
Figure 2-4: Time slot table
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
2-11
Scale and Format of View
View: Define Menu
The View: Define menu is common to all main views of the W-CDMA uplink
measurement items, and contains the following controls:
Show Views. Selects the view style:
H Single. Displays on screen only the view selected by the VIEW: SELECT
key on the front panel.
H Multi. Displays the overview, subview, and main view (default).
Overview Content... Selects a view to display in the overview:
H Waveform (power versus time)
H Spectrogram
Subview Content... Selects a view to display in the subview:
H Spectrum
H Code Domain Power
H Power Codogram
H Code Power versus Time Slot
H Code Power versus Symbol
H Symbol Constellation
H Symbol EVM
H Symbol Eye Diagram
H Symbol Table
H Modulation Accuracy
Time Slot. Sets a time slot number to position the marker.
Range: 0 to number of slots – 1
2-12
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
Scale and Format of View
Symbol Rate. Sets symbol rate for displaying symbol constellation:
H 15k
H 30k
H 60k
H 120k
H 240k
H 480k
H 960k (default)
Short Code. Sets a short code number to position the marker.
Range: 0 to 6 channels
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
2-13
Scale and Format of View
Code Domain Power
If you select Code Domain Power in the Measure menu, code domain power is
displayed for each short code. See the display in Figure 2–5.
View: Scale Menu
Use the following menu items to set the scale:
Auto Scale. Sets the start value and the scale of the vertical axis automatically to
display the entire waveform.
Horizontal Scale. Sets the scale of the horizontal axis. Range 1.75 to 7 channels.
Horizontal Start. Sets the start channel number of the horizontal axis.
Vertical Scale. Sets the scale of the vertical axis. Range: 1 to 100 dB.
Vertical Stop. Sets the maximum value (top edge) of vertical axis.
Range: –100 to 100 dB.
Full Scale. Sets the scale of vertical axis to default full-scale value.
Y Axis. Selects whether to represent the vertical axis (amplitude) with relative
values or absolute values.
2-14
H Relative. The vertical axis represents the power relative to the total power of
all channels.
H Absolute. The vertical axis represents the absolute power of each channel.
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
Marker readout
Scale and Format of View
Channel number
Vertical Stop
Vertical Scale
Code domain power
Time slot number in radio frame
Horizontal Scale
Horizontal Start
Figure 2-5: Code domain power versus Short code
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
2-15
Scale and Format of View
Power Codogram
If you select Power Codogram in the Measure menu, code domain power is
displayed with spectrogram. See the power codogram example in Figure 2–6.
View: Scale Menu
Use the following menu items to set the scale:
Auto Scale. Sets the start value and the scale of the vertical axis automatically to
display the entire waveform.
Horizontal Scale. Sets the scale of the horizontal axis. Range 1.75 to 7 channels.
Horizontal Start. Sets start channel number of the horizontal axis.
Vertical Size. Sets the full-scale of the vertical axis in frames.
Range: 58 to 59392.
Vertical Start. Sets the start frame number of the vertical axis.
Color Scale. Sets the scale (the value subtracting the minimum power value from
the maximum power value) of the color axis:
H 10 dB
H 20 dB
2-16
H 50 dB
H 100 dB
The spectrogram is displayed in 100 steps (100 colors) from the minimum value
(blue) to the maximum value (red) in the default state.
Color Stop. Sets the maximum value (top edge) of the color axis.
Range: –50 to 50 dB.
Full Scale. Sets the maximum value of the color axis to the reference level and
the height to 100 dB.
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
Marker readout
Scale and Format of View
Y Axis. Selects whether to represent the Y (color) axis with relative values or
absolute values.
H Relative. Y axis shows the power relative to the total power of all channels.
H Absolute. Y axis shows the absolute power of each channel.
Channel number
Control part is 0ch and data part is 1 to 6ch in the display.
Code domain power
Vertical Size
Vertical Start
Color Stop
Color Scale
TS: Slot number in radio frame
SIG: Signature number in preamble
Slot number based on the end of analysis range (0)
Relative time from completion of data acquisition
Horizontal Scale
Horizontal Start
Figure 2-6: Power codogram
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
2-17
Scale and Format of View
Code Power versus Time Slot
If you select Code Power versus Time Slot in the Measure menu, code domain
power is displayed for each time slot. See the display in Figure 2–7.
View: Scale Menu
Use the following menu items to set the scale:
Auto Scale. Sets the start value and the scale of the vertical axis automatically to
display the entire waveform.
Horizontal Scale. Sets scale of the horizontal axis (number of slots).
Horizontal Start. Sets the start slot number of the horizontal axis.
Vertical Scale. Sets scale of the vertical axis. Range: 1 to 100 dB
Vertical Stop. Sets the maximum value (top edge) of the vertical axis.
Range: –100 to 100 dB.
Full Scale. Sets scale of the vertical axis to default full-scale value.
Y Axis. Selects whether to represent the vertical (amplitude) axis with relative
values or absolute values.
2-18
H Relative. The vertical axis represents the power relative to the total power of
all channels.
H Absolute. The vertical axis represents the absolute power of each channel.
Total Power. Determines whether to display total power of time slots.
H On. Displays total power of time slots.
H Off. Displays power of the short code specified with Short Code (refer to
page 2–13) for each time slot.
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
Scale and Format of View
Last slot number in the analysis range
Marker readout
Vertical Stop
Vertical Scale
Horizontal Start
TS: Slot number in radio frame
SIG: Signature number in preamble
Slot power
Horizontal Scale
Figure 2-7: Code domain power versus Time slot
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
2-19
Scale and Format of View
Code Power versus Symbol
If you select Code Power versus Symbol in the Measure menu, code domain
power is displayed for each symbol. See the display in Figure 2–8.
View: Scale Menu
Use the following menu items to set the scale:
Auto Scale. Sets the start value and the scale of the vertical axis automatically to
display the entire waveform.
Horizontal Scale. Sets the scale of the horizontal axis (number of symbols).
Horizontal Start. Sets the start symbol number of the horizontal axis.
Vertical Scale. Sets the scale of the vertical axis. Range: 1 to 100 dB
Vertical Stop. Sets the maximum value (top edge) of the vertical axis.
Range: –100 to 100 dB.
Full Scale. Sets the scale of the vertical axis to default full-scale value.
Y Axis. Selects whether to represent the vertical (amplitude) axis with relative
values or absolute values.
2-20
H Relative. The vertical axis represents the power relative to the total power of
all channels.
H Absolute. The vertical axis represents the absolute power of each channel.
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
Marker readout
Scale and Format of View
Symbol number Channel number
Vertical Stop
Vertical Scale
Symbol power
Channel number
Time slot number in radio frame
Horizontal Scale
Horizontal Start
Figure 2-8: Code domain power versus Symbol
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
2-21
Scale and Format of View
Symbol Constellation
The symbol constellation is displayed when you select Symbol Constellation in
the Measure menu. See the display in Figure 2–9.
View: Scale Menu
Origin offset measured value
Scale of amplitude
Use the following menu items to set the scale:
Measurement Content... Selects vector or constellation display.
H Vector. Selects vector display. A signal represented with phase and
amplitude is displayed in polar coordinate or IQ diagram. The red point
indicates the symbol position of measured signal, and the yellow trace
indicates locus of signal between symbols.
H Constellation. Selects constellation display. Although it is basically same as
the vector display, only symbols of measured signal are indicated in red, and
locus between symbols is not shown. The cross marks indicate symbol
positions of ideal signal.
Symbol number Channel number
Marker readout
Channel number
2-22
Time slot number in radio frame
Figure 2-9: Symbol constellation
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
Symbol EVM
Scale and Format of View
When you select Symbol EVM in the Measure menu, EVM is displayed for
each symbol. See the display in Figure 2–10.
View: Scale Menu
Use the following menu items to set the scale:
Auto Scale. Sets the start value and the scale of the vertical axis automatically to
display the entire waveform.
Horizontal Scale. Sets the scale of the horizontal axis (number of symbols).
Horizontal Start. Sets the start symbol number of the horizontal axis.
Vertical Scale. Sets the scale of the vertical axis. Range: 100m to 100% (EVM),
200m to 200% (Mag Error), 450m to 450_ (Phase Error)
Vertical Start. When the measurement content is EVM, sets the minimum value
(bottom edge) of the vertical axis. Range: –100 to 100% (EVM)
Vertical Offset. When the measurement content is Mag Error or Phase Error, sets
the center value ((maximum + minimum) / 2) of the vertical axis.
Range: –200 to 200% (Mag Error), –450 to 450_ (Phase Error)
Full Scale. Sets the scale of the vertical axis to default full-scale value.
Measurement Content... Selects a parameter of the vertical axis.
H EVM. Displays EVM on the vertical axis (Error Vector Magnitude).
H Mag Error. Displays magnitude error on the vertical axis.
H Phase Error. Displays phase error on the vertical axis.
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
2-23
Scale and Format of View
EVM
Magnitude error
Phase error
Waveform quality (r)
Analysis length
(number of symbols)
Marker readout
Symbol number Channel number
Measurement Content = EVM
Vertical Scale
Time slot number in radio frame
Vertical Start
Horizontal Scale
Horizontal Start
Measurement Content = Mag Error or Phase Error
Figure 2-10: Symbol EVM
Vertival Offset
Vertical Scale
Vertical Start
Horizontal Scale
Horizontal Start
2-24
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
Symbol Eye Diagram
Scale and Format of View
The symbol eye diagram is displayed when you select Symbol Eye Diagram in
the Measure menu. See the display in Figure 2–11.
View: Scale Menu
Marker readout
Use the following menu items to set the scale:
Measurement Content... Selects the vertical axis of the eye diagram.
H I. Displays I data on the vertical axis (default).
H Q. Displays Q data on the vertical axis.
H Trellis. Displays phase on the vertical axis.
Eye Length. Enters the number of display symbols on the horizontal axis.
Range: 1 to 16. Default value: 2.
Symbol number Channel number
Channel number
Time slot number in radio frame
Figure 2-11: Symbol eye diagram
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
2-25
Scale and Format of View
Symbol Table
When you select Symbol Table in the Measure menu, a symbol table is
displayed. See Figure 2–12.
View: Scale Menu
Marker readout
Use the following menu items to set the scale:
Radix. Selects the radix for displaying the table:
H Hex. Hexadecimal digit
H Oct. Octal digit
H Bin. Binary digit (default)
Rotate. Sets value start position. Range: 0 to 3.
Symbol number Channel number
2-26
Figure 2-12: Symbol table
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
Modulation Accuracy
Measurement results
H EVM (Error Vector Magnitude)
(RMS and peak)
H Magnitude error (RMS and peak)
H Phase error (RMS and peak)
These values are displayed when you
select the constellation view.
Measurement results
H PCDE (Peak Code Domain Error)
@ channel
H Magnitude error (RMS)
H Phase error (RMS)
H Waveform quality (r)
H Frequency error
H Origin offset (IQ feedthrough)
Scale and Format of View
The constellation of all channels before de-spread occurs is displayed when you
select Modulation Accuracy in the Measure menu.
When you press the VIEW: SELECT key on the front panel to select the
constellation view, the measurement results for the time slot are shown instead of
the overview (see Figure 2–13).
Time at the marker position
(relative to the end of data acquisition)
Marker readout
Figure 2-13: Modulation accuracy
Constellation view
Time slot number in radio frame
The view settings are the same as for Symbol Constellation. Refer to Symbol
Constellation on page 2–22.
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
2-27
Scale and Format of View
2-28
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
Appendices
Appendix A: Scale Setting Range
This section lists the setting ranges of the horizontal and the vertical scales for
the views used in the W-CDMA uplink analysis.
Table A-1: Display format and scale
Display format Horizontal range Vertical range
Spectrum 0Hz to 8 GHz -200 to +100 dBm
Spectrogram 0Hzto8GHz Frame -15999 to 0
Time domain view -(Tf× Nf)to0s* -200 to +100 dBm (Amplitude)
Constellation -(Tf× Nf)to0s* fixed
EVM -(Tf× Nf)to0s* -100 to +200% (EVM)
Eye diagram -(Tf× Nf)to0s* fixed
Frame -63999 to 0 (Option 02)
-30 to +30 V (I/Q level)
-300 to +300% (AM)
-38.4 to +38.4 MHz (FM/FVT)
-675 to +675 deg. (PM)
-300 to +300% (amplitude error)
-675 to +675 deg. (phase error)
Symbol table 0 to (1024 × Nf) symbols NA
CDP spectrogram * 0 to 511 channels Slot -3999 to 0
Slot -15999 to 0 (Option 02)
CDP vs. Short code * 0 to 511 channels -200 to +100 dB/dBm
CDP vs. Symbol * 0 to 639 symbols -200 to +100 dB/dBm
CDP vs. Time slot * -3999 to 0 slot
-15999 to 0 slot (Option 02)
Symbol constellation 0 to 639 symbols fixed
Symbol EVM 0 to 639 symbols -100 to +200% (EVM)
Symbol eye diagram 0 to 639 symbols fixed
*Tf: Frame time; Nf: Frame number; CDP: Code Domain Power
-200 to +100 dB/dBm
-300 to +300% (amplitude error)
-675 to +675 deg. (phase error)
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
A-1
Scale Setting Range
A-2
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
Index
Index
A
ACLR measurement, 2–3
Additional functions in Option 23, 1–1
Address, Tektronix, vii
C
Code domain power, Scale menu, 2–14
Code power versus Symbol, Scale menu, 2–20
Code power versus Time slot, Scale menu, 2–18
Contacting Tektronix, vii
Conventions, vi
D
Define menu, 2–12
Definition of analysis, 1–2
Demod mode
basic operation, 2–5
measurement procedure, 2–5
Documentation list, v
PDF, v
M
Manuals list, v
PDF, v
Meas Setup menu, Demod mode, 2–8
Measurement procedure
Demod mode, 2–5
S/A mode, 2–2
Modulation accuracy, Scale menu, 2–27
P
S
S/A mode
ACLR measurement, 2–3
basic operation, 2–1
measurement procedure, 2–2
Service support, contact information, vii
Setting, range of scale, A–1
Symbol constellation, Scale menu, 2–22
Symbol EVM, Scale menu, 2–23
Symbol eye diagram, Scale menu, 2–25
Symbol rate, determining, 2–10
Symbol table, Scale menu, 2–26
T
Technical support, contact information, vii
Tektronix, contacting, vii
U
URL, Tektronix, vii
V
View
code domain power, 2–14
code power versus symbol, 2–20
code power versus time slot, 2–18
modulation accuracy, 2–27
power codogram, 2–16
setting, 2–11
symbol constellation, 2–22
symbol EVM, 2–23
symbol eye diagram, 2–25
symbol table, 2–26
PDF manual, v
Phone number, Tektronix, vii
Power codogram, Scale menu, 2–16
Product support, contact information, vii
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
W
Web site address, Tektronix, vii
Index-1
Index
Index-2
RSA3408A Option 23 User Manual
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