Tektronix PA1000 User Manual

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PA1000

ZZZ

Power Analyzer

User Manual

*P077091201*

077-0912-01

PA1000

ZZZ

Power Analyzer

User Manual

Firmware Version 1.003.012 and above

www.tektronix.com

077-0912-01

Copyright © Tektronix. All rights reserved. Licensed software products are owned by Tektronix or its subsidiaries or suppliers, and are protected by national copyright laws and international treaty provisions.

Tektronix products are covered by U.S. and foreign patents, issued and pending. Information in this publication supersedes that in all previously published material. Speciﬁcations and price change privileges r ese rved.

TEKTRONIX and TEK are registered trademarks of Tektronix, Inc.

Contacting Tektronix

Tektronix, Inc. 14150 SW Karl Braun Drive P.O . Bo x 5 00 Beaverto USA

For product information, sales, service, and technic al support:

n, OR 97077

In North America, call 1-800-833-9200. Worldwide, visit www.tektronix.com to ﬁnd contacts in your area.

Warranty

Tektronix warrants that this product will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of three (3) years from the date of shipment. If any such product proves defective during this warranty period, Tektronix, at its option, either will repair the defective product without charge for parts and labor, or will provide a replacement in exchange for the defective product. Parts , modules and replacement products used by Tektronix for warranty work may be n the property of Tektronix.

ew or reconditioned to like new performance. All replaced parts, m odules and products become

In order to o the warranty period and make suitable arrangements for the performance of service. Customer shall be responsible for packaging and shipping the defective product to the service center designated by Tektronix, w ith shipping charges prepaid. Tektronix shall pay for the return of the product to Customer if the shipment is to a location within the country in which the Tektronix service center is located. Customer shall be responsible for paying all shipping charges, duties, taxes, and any other charges for products returned to any other locations.

This warranty shall not apply to any defect, failure or damage caused by improper use or improper or inadequate maintenance and care. Tektronix shall not be obligated to furnish service under this warranty a) to repair damage result b) to repair damage resulting from im proper use or connection to incompatible equipment; c) to repair any damage or malfunction caused by the use of non-Tektronix supplies; or d) to service a product that has been modiﬁed or integrated with other products when the effect of such modiﬁcation or integration increases the time or difﬁculty of servicing the product.

THIS WARRANTY IS GIVEN BY TEKTRONIX WITH RESPECT TO THE P RO DUC T IN LIEU OF ANY OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS DISCLAIM ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

TRONIX' RESPONSIB ILITY TO REPAIR OR REPLACE DEFECTIVE PRODUCTS IS THE SOLE

TEK AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY PROVIDED TO THE CUSTOMER FOR BREACH OF THIS WARRANTY. TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS WILL N OT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IRRESPECTIVE OF WHETHER TEKTRONIX OR THE VENDOR HAS ADVAN CE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

[W4 – 15AUG04]

btain service under this warranty, Customer must notify Tektronix of the defect before the expiration of

ing from attempts by personnel other than Tektronix representatives to install, repair or service the product;

Table of Contents

Important safety information....... .................................. ................................ ............. v

General safety summary ...................................................................................... v

Service safety summary.............. .................................. ................................ ..... vii

Terms in this manual ............. ................................ .................................. ......... viii

Symbols and terms on the product......................................................................... viii

Compliance information ........................................................................................... x

EMC compliance . .................................. .................................. ......................... x

Safety compliance ............................................................................................ xi

Environmental considerations .............................................................................. xiv

Preface .............................................................................................................. xv

Introduction ......................................................................................................... 1

Basic features................................................................................................... 1

Standard accessories........................................................................................... 2

Optional accessories.............. .................................. ................................ ........... 2

Service options .......................... .................................. .................................. ... 3

Getting started. . ... ... . ... ... . ... ... . ... . . ... ... . ... . . ... ... .. ... ... . ... . . ... ... . ... ... . ... ... . ... .. ... ... . ... ... . ... 4

Before you begin - safety .. .................................. .................................. ............... 4

Power on........................... ................................ .................................. ........... 6

Controls and connectors....................................................................................... 7

Connecting to the product under test ........................................................................ 9

Default measurements........................................................................................ 12

Navigating the menu system................................................................................. 13

Data logging................................................................................................... 14

Unit conﬁguration ............................................................................................ 16

The menu system .................................................................................................. 17

Navigation......... .................................. ................................ .......................... 17

Modes .......................................................................................................... 18

Inputs................. .................................. .................................. ...................... 21

Graphs.. .................................. ................................ .................................. .... 23

Interfaces ...................................................................................................... 24

System conﬁguration... .................................. ................................ .................... 24

User conﬁguration ............................................................................................ 26

View .......................... .................................. .................................. .............. 26

Connecting signals .. .................................. .................................. .......................... 27

Input overview .............. ................................ .................................. ................ 27

To connect a simple current transformer ........... ................................ ........................ 28

To connect an external resistive shunt .................................. .................................. .. 29

To connect a transducer with a voltage output............................................................. 30

To connect a voltage transformer / transducer............................................................. 31

PA1000 Power Analyzer i

Table of Contents

Remote operati

Overview .......... ................................ .................................. .......................... 33

Interfacing with USB systems............................................................................... 33

Interfacing with Ethernet systems..................... .................................. .................... 33

Interfacing with GPIB systems.............................................................................. 34

Status reporting ....... .................................. ................................ ...................... 34

Command listing.............................................................................................. 36

IEEE 488.2 standard commands and status commands .................................................. 37

Unit information commands....................... ................................ .......................... 39

Measurement selection and reading commands ........................... ................................ 40

Measurement conﬁguration commands .................................................................... 41

Mode setup commands............... ................................ .................................. ...... 43

Input setup commands ....................................................................................... 45

Graph and waveform commands.......................... .................................. ................ 48

Interface commands ........ .................................. .................................. .............. 49

System conﬁguration commands............................................................................ 51

User conﬁguration commands......................................... .................................. .... 53

View commands ........................ .................................. .................................. .. 53

Sending and receiving commands .......................................................................... 54

Communications examples ........ .................................. .................................. ...... 55

Software ............ .................................. ................................ .............................. 57

PWRVIEW PC software .................................................................................... 57

PA1000 ﬁrmware update utility . . ... . . ... ... . ... . . ... ... . ... . . ... ... . ... . . ... ... . ... .. ... ... . ... . . ... ... . ... 58

Applications examples ................ ................................ .................................. .......... 60

IEC 62301 compliance testing and low-power standby measurements ................................ 60

IEC 61000-3-2 pre-compliance current harmonics testing............................. .................. 63

Speciﬁcations .................... ................................ .................................. ................ 72

Measurement channel ...................... .................................. ................................ 72

Power input.. .................................. .................................. .............................. 72

Mechanical and environmental.............................................................................. 73

Communication ports......................................................................................... 74

Measured parameters......................................................................................... 76

Power polarity................................................................................................. 77

Digital ﬁlter.................................................................................................... 78

Measurement accuracy. .................................. .................................. .................. 78

Appendix A: Input fuse replacement ............................................................................ 81

Check the fuse................................................................................................. 82

Select the proper fuse......................... .................................. .............................. 82

Fuse replacement procedure ................................................................................. 82

Index

on ................................ .................................. ................................ 33

ii PA1000 Power Analyzer

List of Figures

Figure 1: PA1000 Power Analyzer .............. ................................ ................................. 1

Figure 2: Initial power-on d isplay . . ... . ... . . ... . . ... .. ... . . ... .. ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .. ... . . ... .. ... . . ... .. ... ... . .. 6

Figure 3: PA1000 front panel ..................................................................................... 7

Figure 4: PA

Figure 5: Typical PA1000 input connections.................................................................... 9

Figure 6: Breakout box ........................................................................................... 10

Figure 7: Typical breakout box connections.......................... ................................ .......... 11

Figure 8: Default measurement display......................................................................... 12

Figure 9: Display soft keys....................................................................................... 12

Figure 1

Figure 11: PA1000 logged data .................................................................................. 15

Figure 12: Current transformer connections.................... .................................. .............. 28

Figure 13: External resistive shunt connections ............................................................... 29

Figure 14: Transducer with voltage output connections ........................ .............................. 31

Figure 15: Voltage transformer / transducer connections ..................................................... 32

re 16: Communication ports .............. ................................ .................................. 33

Figu

Figure 17: PWRVIEW application .............................................................................. 58

Figure 18: Laptop charger full-compliance standby power test with PWRVIEW software. ... . ... . . ... .. 61

Figure 19: PA1000 measuring 5 mW in front-panel standby mode.................. ........................ 62

Figure 20: Standby power measurement connections ......................................................... 62

Figure 21: IEC 61000-3-2 pre-compliance test running on PWRVIEW software ............. ............ 65

gure 22: Connection diagram for IEC 61000-3-2 pre-compliance current harmonics test.. ... . ... . ... . 66

Figure 23: Connecting a power analyzer for the ﬁrst time using the PWRVIEW software ............... 67

Figure 24: Pre-compliance harmonics test setup......................................... ...................... 67

Figure 25: Test environment and other important information setup ............ ............................ 68

Figure 26: Select load class based on IEC standard ........................................................... 68

Figure 27: IEC 61000-3-2 pre-compliance test ................................................................ 69

Figure 28: Table view for IEC 61000-3-2 pre-compliance test .............................................. 69

Figure 29: Results summary for IEC 61000-3-2 pre-compliance test ....................... ................ 70

Figure 30: Harmonics results with scroll bars for time and amplitude ... . . ... . . ... ... . ... .. ... ... . ... .. ... . 70

Figure 31: PDF report for IEC61000-3-2 pre-compliance test........... .................................. .. 71

Figure 32: Input fuse rating ...................................................................................... 81

Figure 33: Input fuse location ....... .................................. ................................ .......... 82

1000 rear panel ...................................................................................... 8

0: Menu keys............................................................................................. 13

PA1000 Power Analyzer iii

Table of Contents

List of Tables

Table 1: Standard accessories .............. .................................. .................................. ... 2

Table 2: Opt

Table 3: Service options .......... .................................. ................................ ............... 3

Table 4: Available measurements per mode........ .................................. .......................... 19

Table 5: Phase measurements.... ................................ .................................. .............. 76

Table 6: Power polarity ........................................................................................... 77

ional accessories .......... .................................. .................................. ....... 2

iv PA1000 Power Analyzer

Important safety information

This manual contains information and warnings that must be followed by the user for safe operation and to keep the product in a safe condition.

To safely perform service on this product, additional information is provided at the end of this section. (See page vii, Service safety summary.)

General safety summary

Use the product only as speciﬁ ed. Review the following safety precautions to avoid inj Carefully read all instructions. Retain these instructions for future reference.

ury and prevent damage to this product or any products connected to it.

Comply wi

For correct and safe operation of the product, it is essential that you follow general in this m anual.

The pro

Only qualiﬁed personnel who are aware of the hazards involved should remove the co

Before use, always check the product with a known source to be sure it is oper

This product is not intended for detection of hazardous voltages.

Use personal protective equipment to prevent shock and arc blast injury where hazardous live conductors are exposed.

While using this product, you may need to access other parts of a larger system. Read the safety sections of the other component manuals for warnings and

autions related to operating the system.

When incorporating this equipment into a system, the safety of that system is the

esponsibility of the assembler of the system.

th local and national safety codes.

ly accepted safety procedures in addition to the safety precautions speciﬁed

duct is designed to be used by trained personnel only.

ver for repair, maintenance, or adjustment.

ating corr ectly.

To avoid ﬁre or personal

injury

PA1000 Power Analyzer v

Use proper power cord. Use only the power cord speciﬁed for this product and certiﬁed for the country of use.

Do not use the provided power cord for other products.

Ground the product. This product is grounded through the grounding conductor of the power cord. To avoid electric shock, the grounding conductor must be connected to earth ground. Before making connections to the input or output terminals of the product, make sure that the product is properly grounded.

Important safety information

Power disconne

source. See instructions for the location. Do not position the equipment so that it is difﬁcult to disconnect the power switch; it must remain accessible to the user at all times to allow for quick disconnection if needed.

Connect and disconnect properly. Do not connect or disconnect probes or test leads while they are connected to a voltage source.

Use only insulated voltage probes, test leads, and adapters supplied with the product, or indicated by Tektronix to be suitable for the product.

Observe all terminal ratings. To avoid ﬁre or shock hazard, observe all ratings and markings on the product. Consult the product manual for further ratings information before m aking connections to the product. Do not exceed the Measurement Category (CAT) rating and voltage or current rating of the lowest rated individual com ponent of a product, probe, o r accessory. Use caution when using 1:1 test leads because the probe tip voltage is directly transmitted to the product.

Do not apply a potential to any terminal, including the common terminal, that exceeds the maximum rating of that terminal.

Do not ﬂoat the common terminal above the rated voltage for that terminal.

Do not operate without covers. Do not operate this product with covers or panels removed, or with the case open. Hazardous voltage exposure is possible.

ct. The power switch disconnects the product from the power

Avoid exposed circuitry. Do not touch exposed connections and components

when power is p resent.

Do not operate with suspected failures. If you suspect that there is damage to this product, have it inspected by qualiﬁed service personnel.

Disable the product if it is damaged. Do not use the product if it is damaged or operates incorrectly. If in doubt about safety of the product, turn it off and disconnect the power cord. Clearly mark the product to prevent its further operation.

Before use, inspect voltage probes, test leads, and ac cessories for mechanical damage and replace when damaged. Do not use probes or test leads if they are damaged, if there is exposed metal, or if a wear indicator shows.

Examine the exterior of the product before you use it. Look for cracks or missing pieces.

Use only speciﬁed replacement parts.

Use proper fuse. Useonlythefusetypeandratingspeciﬁed for this product.

Do not operate in wet/damp conditions. Be aware that condensation may occur if

a unit is moved from a cold to a warm environment.

vi PA1000 Power Analyzer

Important safety information

Probes and test leads

Do not operate i

Keep product surfaces clean and dry. Remove the input signals before you clean

the product.

Provide proper ventilation. Refer to the installation instructions in the manual for details on installing the product so it has proper ventilation.

Slots and openings are provided for ventilation and should never be covered or otherwise obstructed. Do not push objects into any of the openings.

Provide a safe working environment. Always place the product in a location convenient for viewing the display and indicators.

Avoid improper or prolonged use of keyboards, pointers, and button pads. Improper or prolonged keyboard or pointer use may result in s erious injury.

Be sure your work area meets applicable ergonomic standards. Consult with an ergonomics professional to avoid stress injuries.

Before connecting probes or test leads, connect the power cord from the power connector to a properly grounded power outlet.

Remove all probes, test leads and accessories that are not in use.

n an explosive atmosphere.

Use only correct Measurement Category (CAT), voltage, temperature, altitude, and amperage rated probes, test leads, and adapters for any measurement.

Connect and disconnect properly. De-energize the circuit under test before connecting or disconnecting the current probe.

Connect the probe reference lead to earth ground only.

Do not connect a current probe to a ny wire that carries voltages above the current probe voltage rating.

Inspect the probe and accessories. Before each use, inspect probe and accessories for damage (cuts, tears, or defects in the probe body, acc ess ories, or cable jacket). Do not use if damaged.

Servicesafetysummary

The Service safety summary section contains additional information required to safely perform service on t service procedures. Read this Service safety summary and the General safety summary before performing any service procedures.

To avoid electric shock. Do not touch ex posed connections.

he product. Only qualiﬁed personnel should perform

PA1000 Power Analyzer vii

Important safety information

Termsinthismanual

Do not service a

product unless another person capable of rendering ﬁrst aid and resuscitation is present.

Disconnect power. To avoid electric shock, switch off the product power and disconnect the power cord from the mains power before removing any covers or panels, or o

Use care when servicing with power on. Dangerous voltages or currents may exist in this product. Disconnect power, remove battery (if applicable), and disconnect test leads before removing protective panels, soldering, or replacing components.

Verify sa

strength after performing a repair.

These terms may appear in this manual:

WARNING. Warning statements identify conditions or practices that could result

in injury or loss of life.

fety after repair. Always recheck ground continuity and mains dielectric

lone. Do not perform internal service or adjustm ents of this

pening the case for servicing.

CAUTION. Caution statements identify conditions or practices that could result in

damage to this product or other property.

Symbols and terms on the product

These terms may a ppear on the product:

DANGER indicates an injury hazard immediately accessible as you read the marking.

WARNING indicates an injury hazard not immediately accessible as you read the marking.

CAUTION indicates a hazard to property including the product.

When this symbol is marked on the product, be sure to consult the manual to ﬁnd out the nature of the potential hazards and any actions which have to betakentoavoidthem. (Thissymbolmayalsobeusedtorefertheuserto ratings in the manual.)

viii PA1000 Power Analyzer

Important safety information

The following s

ymbol(s) may appear on the product:

PA1000 Power Analyzer ix

Compliance information

Compliance in

EMC compliance

EC Declaration of

conformity – EMC

formation

This section environmental standards with which the instrument complies.

Meets intent of Directive 2004/108/EC for Electromagnetic Compatibility. Compliance was demonstrated to the following speciﬁcations as listed in the Ofﬁcial Journal of the European Communities:

EN 61326-1:2006, EN 61326-2-1:2006. EMC requirements for electrical equipment for meas

CISPR 11:2003. Radiated and conducted emissions, Group 1, Class A

IEC 61000-4-2:2001. Electrostatic discharge immunity

IEC 61000-4-3:2002. RF electromagnetic ﬁeld immunity

IEC 61000-4-4:2004. Electrical fast transient/burst immunity

IEC 61000-4-5:2001. Power line surge immunity

lists the EMC (electrom agnetic compliance), safety, and

urement, control, and laboratory use.

123

1000-4-6:2003. Conducted RF immunity

IEC 6

IEC 61000-4-11:2004. Voltage dips and interruptions immunity

EN 61000-3-2:2006. AC power line harmonic emissions

EN 61000-3-3:1995. Voltage changes, ﬂuctuations, and ﬂicker

European contact.

ektronix UK, Ltd.

T One Thames Valley Wokingham Road Bracknell, RG42 1NG United Kingdom

x PA1000 Power Analyzer

Compliance information

EMC compliance

Australia / New Zealand

Declaration of Conformity

–EMC

Meets the inten

t of Directive 2004/108/EC for Electromagnetic C omp atibility when it is used with the product(s) stated in the speciﬁcations table. Refer to the EMC speciﬁcation published for the stated products. May not meet the intent of the directive if used with other products.

European contact.

Tektronix U

K, Ltd. One Thames Valley Wokingham Road Bracknell, RG42 1NG United Kingdom

This product is intended for u se in nonresidential areas only. Use in residential areas may cause electromagnetic interference.

Emissions which exceed the levels required by this standard may occur when this equipment is connected to a test object.

For compliance with the EMC standards listed here, high quality shielded interface cables should be used.

Complies with the EMC provision of the Radiocommunications Act per the following standard, in accordance with ACMA:

CISPR 11:2003. Radiated and conducted emissions, Group 1, Class A, in accordance with EN 61326- 1:2006 and EN 61326-2-1:2006.

Safety compliance

EU declaration of

conformity – low voltage

Australia / New Zealand contact.

Baker & McKenzie

l 2 7, AMP Centre

Leve 50 Bridge Street Sydney NSW 2000, Australia

This section lists the safety standards with which the product complies a nd other safety com p liance information.

Compliance was dem onstrated to the following speciﬁcation as listed in the Ofﬁcial Journal of the European Union:

Low Voltage Directive 2006/95/EC.

EN 61010-1. Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control, and Laboratory Use – Part 1: General Requirements.

EN 61010-2-030. Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control, and Laboratory Use – Part 2-030: Particular requirements for testing and measuring circuits.

PA1000 Power Analyzer xi

Compliance information

U.S. nationally recognized

testing laboratory listing

Canadian certiﬁcation

Additional compliances

UL 61010-1. Saf Control, and Laboratory Use – Part 1 : General Requirements.

UL 61010-2-030. Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control, and Laboratory Use – Part 2-030: Particular requirements for testing and measuring circuits.

CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 61010-1. Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control, and Laboratory Use – Part 1: General Requirements.

CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 61010-2-030. Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control, and Laboratory Use – Part 2-030: Particular requirements for testing and measuring circuits.

IEC 61010-1. Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control, and Laboratory Use – Part 1: General Requirements.

IEC 61010-2-030. Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control, and Laboratory Use – Part 2-030: Particular requirements for testing and measuring circuits.

ety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement,

Equipment type

Safety class

Pollution degree

descriptions

Test and measuring equipment.

Class 1 – grounded product.

A measure of the contaminants that could occur in the environment around and within a product. Typically the internal environment inside a product is considered to be the same as the external. Products should be used only in the environment for which they are rated.

Pollution degree 1. No pollution or only d ry, nonconductive pollution occurs. Products in this category are generally encapsulated, hermetically se aled, or located in clean rooms.

Pollution degree 2. Normally only dry, nonconductive pollution occurs. Occasionally a temporary conductivity that is caused by condensation must be expected. This location is a typical ofﬁce/home environment. Temporary condensation occurs only when the product is out of service.

Pollution degree 3. Conductive pollution, or dry, nonconductive pollution that becomes conductive due to condensation. These are sheltered locations where neither temperature nor humidity is controlled. The area is protected from direct sunshine, rain, or direct wind.

Pollution degree 4. Pollution that generates persistent conductivity through conductive dust, rain, or snow. Typical outdoor locations.

xii PA1000 Power Analyzer

Compliance information

Pollution degree rating

Measurement and

overvoltage

category

descriptions

Mains overvoltage

category rating

Pollution degr use only.

Measurement terminals on this product may be rated for measuring mains voltages from one or mo the product and in the manual).

Category II points (socket outlets and similar points).

Category I

Category IV. At the source of the electrical supply to the building.

NOTE. On

Only measurement circuits have a measurement category rating. Other circuits within the product do not have either rating.

Overvoltage category II (as deﬁned in IEC 61010-1).

ee 2 (as deﬁned in IEC 61010-1). Rated for indoor, dry location

re of the following categories (see speciﬁc ratings marked on

. Circuits directly connected to the building wiring at utilization

II. In the building wiring and distribution system.

ly mains power supply circuits have an overvoltage category rating.

PA1000 Power Analyzer xiii

Compliance information

Environmental considerations

This section provides information about the environmental impact of the product.

Product end-of-life

handling

Restriction o f hazardous

substances

Observe the f

Equipment recycling. Production of this equipment required the extraction and use of natural resources. The equipment may contain substances that could be harmful to the environment or human health if improperly handled at the product’s end of life. To avoid release of such substances into the environment and to reduce the an appropriate system that will ensure that most of the materials are reuse d or recycled appropriately.

This pr and is not required to comply with the substance restrictions of the recast RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU until July 22, 2017.

ollowing guidelines when recycling an instrument or component:

use of natural resour ces, we encourage you to recycle this product in

This symbol indicates that this product complies with the applicable European Union re on waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) and batteries. For information about recycling options, check the Support/Service section of the Tek t ro n

oduct is classiﬁed as an industrial monitoring and control instrument,

quirements according to Directives 2002/96/EC and 2006/66/EC

ixWebsite(www.tektronix.com).

xiv PA1000 Power Analyzer

Preface

This manual c Speciﬁcations and remote operation, including p rogramm ing commands, are included in later chapters.

overs the setup and use of the PA1000 Power Analyzer.

PA1000 Power Analyzer xv

Preface

xvi PA1000 Power Analyzer

Introduction

Basic features

The Tektronix PA1000 is a powerful and versatile precision power analyzer. Designed to provide clear and accurate measurements of electrical power and energy on all single-phase electrical products, the PA1000 is an easy-to-use bench instrument with capability for remote control, data transfer and regulatory compliance

Figure 1: PA1000 Power Analyzer

Measures Watts, Volts, A mps, Volt-Amperes and Power Factor. Always accurate, even on distorted waveforms.

testing.

Range of measurement from milliwatts to megawatts.

Quick access to results, graphing and menus.

Built-in energy analyzer (watt-hour integrator) for measuring energy consumption over time.

Built-in 20 A and 1 A shunts to allow the easy measurement of a wide dynamic range of currents.

Standby power measurement mode for fast and accurate low power measurements.

IEC 62301 Compliance testing available with PWRVIEW software

Harmonic analyzer with built in spectrum display.

IEC Current Harmonics mode (requires PWRVIEW PC software) for IEC 61000-3-2 pre-compliance testing.

Bright color TFT display.

Compre USB as standard.

Inrush current measurement mode for measuring switch-on and other transient peak currents.

hensive range of computer interfaces including GPIB, Ethernet and

PA1000 Power Analyzer 1

Introduction

Standard accessories

Ballast mode fo

r measuring the tube power of electronic ballasts.

Easy-to-use menu system with context-sensitive help.

Table 1: Standard accessories

Accessory Tektronix part number

Voltage lead set

USB 2.0 cable, A to B, 6 ft. length

Documentation CD

Power Cord

Country-speciﬁc power cord

One of the following:

North America

Universal Euro

United Kingdom

Australia

Switzerland (Option A5)

Japan

China (Option A10)

India

Brazil

No power cord or AC adapter (Option A99)

PA LEADSET

174-6053-xx

063-4519-xx

(Option A0)

(Option A1)

(Option A2)

(Option A3)

(Option A6)

(Option A11)

(Option A12)

Optional accessories

Table 2: Optional accessories

Accessory Tektronix part number

Breakout box (North America plug conﬁguration)

Breakout box (Euro plug conﬁ guration)

Breakout box (United Kingdom plug conﬁguration)

Specialty current transducer for lamp ballast testing BALLAST-CT

Current clamp, 1 A - 200 A, for Tektronix Power Analyzers CL200

Current clamp, 0.1 A - 1200 A, for Tektronix Power Analyzers CL1200

Replacement lead set for Tektronix Power Analyzers (one channel leadset)

2 PA1000 Power Analyzer

BB1000-NA

BB1000-EU

BB1000-UK

PA-LEADSET

Introduction

Service optio

Table 3: Service options

Option Description

Opt. C3 Calibration

Opt. C5 Calibratio

Opt. D1 Calibrati

Opt. D3 Calibrati

Opt. D5 Calibrat

n Service 5 Years

on Data Report

on Data Report 3 Years (with Option C3)

ion Data R eport 5 Years (with Option C5)

Service 3 Years

PA1000 Power Analyzer 3

Getting started

Getting start

Before you begin - safety

Carefully r the Power Analyzer.

WARNING. To avoid possible electric shock or personal injury:

• By connecting the Power Analyzer to active circuits, the terminals and certain parts inside the Power Analyzer are live.

• If possible, open the circuit before establishing a connection to the Power Analyzer.

• Before connecting the circuits, ensure that the maximum measuring voltage and maximum

• Do not use leads and accessories that do not comply with relevant safety standards, as this could lead to serious injury or death from electric shock.

• Shunts and conductors can generate heat when in use and surfaces may burn the skin.

Qualiﬁed personnel

This persons who are familiar with the installation, assembly, connection, inspection of connections, and operation of the analyzer and who have been trained in the following areas:

ead and adhere to the following warning statements before you connect

voltage to earth g round (600 V

product may be operated only by qualiﬁed personnel. This means only

, CAT II) is not exceeded.

RMS

Installation

Switching on/off, enabling, earth-grounding and identiﬁcation of electrical circuits and services/sys tem s according to the applicable safety standards.

Maintenance and operation of appropriate safety gear, in accordance with the applicable safety standards.

First aid.

Ensure that all perso ns using the de vice have read an d fully understood the Operators Manual and safety instructions.

Mains connection m ust conform to these ranges/values: 100 – 240 V, 50/60 Hz.

The device may only be used under certain ambient conditions. Ensure that the actual ambient conditions conform to the admissible conditions speciﬁed in this manual.

Ensure this product is installed in such a way that its power cable is accessible at all times and can easily be disconnected.

4 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Getting started

Before each use

Connection sequence

Ensure that the

power and connecting cables as well as all acces sories and connected devices used in conjunction with this product are in proper working order and clean.

Ensure that any third-party accessories used in conjunction with the device conform to the applicable IEC61010-031 / IEC61010-2-032 standards and are suitable for the respective measuring voltage range.

WAR N ING. To avoid possible electric shock or personal injury:

When the measuring circuit is used to measure MAINS, the voltage to earth may not exceed 600 V

in a CAT II environment.

RMS

For safety reasons, when connecting a circuit to the Power Analyzer, proceed in the sequence outlined as follows:

1. Connect the Power Analyzer power cord to a properly grounded mains outlet. The Power Analyzer is now connecte d to the protective earth ground wire.

2. Power on the Power Analyzer.

During use

3. Conne

ct the measuring circuit according to all instructions and as shown in

the connection diagrams in this manual.

For connection work, work in teams of at least two persons.

If you detect any damage to the housing, controls, power cable, connecting leads, or connected devices, immediately disconnect the unit from the power

ply.

sup

you are in doubt as regards the safe operation of the device, immediate l y

If shut down the unit and the respective accessories, s ecure them against inadvertent switching on, and have them serviced by a qualiﬁed service person.

PA1000 Power Analyzer 5

Getting started

Power on

1. Check that the power analyzer is in good condition, with no signs of damage.

2. Follow the Connection Sequence described in the Before you begin - safety

section. (See page 4.)

3. After pressing the power switch at the front to on:

The PA1000 w

5–10 seconds.

During pow

version.

4. The instr

Figure 2: Initial power-on display

ument is now ready for use.

ill start its power-on sequence. This takes approximately

er on, you will see the PA1000 serial number and ﬁrmware

6 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Getting started

Controls and c

Front panel

onnectors

Use this section to help familiarize yourself with the instrument operation.

Figure 3:

1. Input ba

PA1000 front panel

nana jacks – For safe operation, use o nly the test lead set supplied with the instrument. Typical connections for the power analyzer are shown later in this section. (See Figure 5 on page 9.)

2. Soft keys – These push buttons control the screen -speciﬁc functions that appear on the instrument display. (See Figure 9 on page 12.)

3. USB connection – Use this front-panel USB jack for saving instrument data to your ﬂash drive.

4. Power switch – Push button switch turns on the instrument power.

5. Alp

Key shortcuts.

hanumeric keypad – Use these keys to input alphanumeric information

and to perform functions such as displaying graphs. See Key shortcuts below:

Display main menu: Press MENU (toggle on/off)

isplay system help: Press HELP (toggle on/off)

Display hold: Press SPACE (toggle on/off)

Display graph: Press YZ (toggle betwee n graph and results)

Local control (from remote): Press #

Toggle Data Logging: Press STU or 1

PA1000 Power Analyzer 7

Getting started

Rear panel

Figure 4: PA1000 rear panel

1. Ground lug – Attach the ground connection from the device under test (DUT) to this rear-panel connector.

2. Power cord connector and line fuse – This connector accepts the country-speciﬁc line cords that are available for the instrument. The line fuse is replaceable; see Speciﬁcations for the correct fuse type.

mware upgrade

Fir

3. IEEE.488 (GPIB) connector – Use this connection to communicate to the instrument over a GPIB bus.

4. RJ-45 (Ethernet) connector – Use this connection to communicate to the instrument through an E thernet connection.

5. USB B connector – Use this connection to communicate to the instrument through a USB connection.

6. Front-panel inputs fuse – The input circuitry is protected by this fuse. Refer to Speciﬁcations for the proper replacement type.

For the best performance and compliance to the speciﬁcations and features described in this manual, please ensure that the latest ﬁrmware is installed on your PA1000. The ﬁrmware version of your PA1000 is displayed during power-on.

e latest version is available on our website at www.tek.com and installs over

Th USB from a PC utility in less than 15 minutes. To locate the latest version of the ﬁrmware (and PC software), go to ww w.tek.com, and browse to the "Power Analyzers" "PA1000" page and then click on the software link or tab. (See page 58, PA1000 ﬁrmware update utility.)

8 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Getting started

Connecting to

the product under test

The PA1000 can m eas ure up to 600 V 4 mm terminals on the front panel. For measurements outside the range (low or high power), page 27, Connecting signals.)

To measure p with the supply voltage and in series with the load current as shown below.

WAR N ING. To avoid injury always use good quality safety cables as supplied and

check that they are not damaged before use.

WAR N ING. If the peak voltage or current exc eeds the measurement capability of

the instrument, the results screen will be replaced with Over Range. At this point, the input levels should be reduced ensure accurate measurements.

see the information on using current and voltage transducers. (See

ower, connect the measuring terminals of the PA1000 in parallel

and20A

RMS

or 1 A

directly using the

RMS

Figure 5: Typical PA1000 input connections

PA1000 Power Analyzer 9

Getting started

Breakout Box

The simplest an use a Tektronix Breakout Box. This provides a line socket for connection of the product and 5 x 4 mm sockets for direct connection to the PA1000 terminals as described above.

Figure 6: Breakout box

There are three versions of the breakout box, differing by the type of line socket: 120 V North America, 230 V Europe and 230 V United Kingdom. See Optional accessories for ordering information. (See Table 2 on page 2.)

d safest way to make a connection to the product under test is to

10 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Getting started

Connecting the

1. Using the test leads provided with the PA1000, make the voltage and current connections between the breakout box and the input jacks on the PA1000. (See Figure 7

NOTE. The VLO Source jack on the breakout box is designed for taking

measurements in low power, standby applications.

breakout box.

e 7: Typical breakout box connections

Figur

2. Plug

3. Con

4. Po

For other information about the breakout box, refer to the BB1000 Instructions

at are included with the breakout box.

PA1000 Power Analyzer 11

the power cord from the unit under test into the receptacle on the

breakout box.

nect a power cord from the line source to the breakout box Line In

connector.

wer on the unit under test and begin taking measurements.

Getting started

Default measu

rements

After you switch on the supply to the load, the PA1000 is ready to take measurements. Note that it is not necessary to switch the PA1000 either off or on when the lo

ad is being connected.

Figure 8: Default measurement display

The default display shows 4 values at one time. Each line clearly shows the

rement type ‘V

measu

’, the measured value, ‘118.46’ and the measurement

RMS

units, ‘V’. Normal engineering notationisusedtodescribeunits,e.g. mV= milli-volts (10

The default measurements are V

–3

) and MW = mega-Watts (10+6).

RMS,ARMS

, Watts, Frequency and Power Factor.

To scroll through the measurements, use the 4 keys to the right of the display:

Figure 9: Display soft keys

12 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Navigating the menu system

The menu system provides complete access to all settings of the PA1000. To access the menu system, press the MENU key.

To return to the measurement display at any tim e, simply press the MENU key again. With the menu system active, the 4 soft keys to the right of the display may be used to navigate and select options.

Menu k eys

Getting started

Choosing measurements

to display

Figure 10: Menu keys

To choose the measurements on the display:

1. Press MENU to show the menu.

2. Press

displayed in the order s hown.

3. Use the

4. The measurement will be highlighted in red. To move the measurement use

the

5. Press

To remove a selected measurement, select it and press

Hint: To restore the default list, see the User Conﬁguration Menu. (See page 26, User conﬁguration.)

to see the list of measurements. Measureme

and keys to select a measurement to display and press .

and keys.

to select the measurement.

nts with a

will be

PA1000 Power Analyzer 13

Getting started

Data logging

The PA1000 can log data to a USB ﬂash drive. The unit will log all selected measurements into a comma separated values (CSV) formatted ﬁle that is stored on the connected USB ﬂash drive. Results will be logged approximately once per second. The exact logging time interval will differ based on selected mode, number of me

Prior to enabling data logging, insert a USB ﬂash drive into the USB host port on the front o

WARNING. If the U SB ﬂash drive is removed while data logging is enabled, data

corruption will occur.

asurements and other settings.

f the PA1000.

Logging data

Data storage and format

To start indicated by the current mode text ﬂashing every second. To stop data logging, press the 1 key on the PA1000 keypad.

The da drive. The directory structure c reated will contain the last ﬁve digits of the serial number of the PA1000 used and the date at the start of data logging. The ﬁle nam e will reﬂect the time at the start of data logging in 24 hr format and will have a .CSV extension.

For example, if a PA1000 with the serial number B010100 begins data logging on 28 June 2013 at 3:10:56 PM, the directory tree will be as shown below:

The ﬁrst portion of the ﬁle will contain a header identifying the instrument used by serial number and the time data logging began. The second portion of the ﬁle will contain column headers for every measurement currently selected. Subsequent lines will contain an indexed set of the measurements c urrently selected, in the

rder disp layed on the PA1000 screen.

data logging, press the 1 key on the PA1000 keypad. Data logging is

ta will be logged in a directory created by the PA1000 on the USB ﬂ ash

Root Dir\PA1000\10100\20130628\15-10-56.csv

14 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Getting started

The basic forma year, month, day (YYYYMMDD) format respectively.

Figure 1

USB Fla

1: PA1000 logged data

sh Drive Requirements:

t of the data is shown below. Time and date will be in 24 hr and

Printing

The USB ﬂash drive must be formatted with FAT12, FAT16 or FAT32 ﬁ le

ms.

syste

Sector size must be 512 bytes. Cluster size up to 32 kB.

Only Bulk Only Mass Storage (BOMS) devices which support the SCSI or AT command sets are supported. For more information on BOMS devices

rtoUniversalSerialBusMassStorageClass–BulkOnlyTransportRev.

refe

1.0, published by the USB Implementers Forum.

t USB memory devices meet the above requirements.

Mos

Printing directly from the PA1000 is not currently supported, but may be implemented in a future software release.

PA1000 Power Analyzer 15

Getting started

Unit conﬁgura

tion

Explanation of adjustment

(calibration) type

To view unit conﬁguration data including hardware revision, ﬁrmware revision, serial number, date of last adjustment (calibration), a nd veriﬁcation, select:

System Conﬁguration → Unit Conﬁguration

On the unit conﬁguration s creen there are 2 dates related to calibration. They are:

Last Veriﬁed – This is the date the PA1000 was last checked against speciﬁcation without any adjustments being made.

Last Adjusted – This is the date calibration information was last changed in the PA1000.

16 PA1000 Power Analyzer

The menu system

Navigation

The menu in the PA1000 is a powerful yet easy-to-use system for control of the analyzer. See the Quick Start section of this manual for an overview of how to access and use the menu system. (See page 13, Navigating the menu system.)

For help at any time while using the PA1000 press the HELP key at any time.

Menu items

Main menu

Measure

ments

To switch the display of the menu system off or on, press the MENU key at any time.

To select a menu, press the key.

Choose the measurements to display.

To add a new measurement:

1. Select it

2. (Optional) Move the measurement

3. Press O K.

To remove a measurement, select it and press

Hint: To restore the default list, see the User Conﬁguration Menu.

nformation on setup for harmonics and distortion factor, see System

For i Conﬁguration.

and and press .

and (does not apply to harmonics).

PA1000 Power Analyzer 17

The menu system

Modes

Select mode

Choose this option to set the PA1000 into one of its operating modes. Each mode is indicated on the front panel measurement display once set. The modes are:

Normal. Ideal for most general measurements.

Ballast. For measuring the output of electronic ballasts. See www.tektronix.com

for application notes on this subject. The frequency displayed is the ballast switching frequency.

Inrush. For measuring the peak current during any event. Typically this is used to measure t keytosettheinrushcurrenttozero.

Standby power. A special mode in the analyzer that allows the user to set a time window over which to accumulate pow er measurements. When set, power measurements will update after each time window period, other available measur The currently displayed power measurement represents the amount of power accumulated over the last time window only.

Integrator. For energy consumption (W-h) measurements over time. Ideal for rating products whose energy consumption is not constant like washing machines and

he peak current when a product is ﬁrst switched on. Press the Reset soft

ements will update at the normal display update rate of 0.5 seconds.

refrigerators.

otes on changing mode

IEC current harmonics. This mode can be accessed using the PWRVIEW PC

software only. It enables pre-compliant current harmonic measurements to be made consistent with IEC61000-3-2:2014 Ed.4 and IEC61000-4-7:2002 + A1:2009.

When you change modes, the measurements that are displayed will change. Adding a measurement to the display will only apply to the currently selected mode. The number of available measurements a re different, depending on which mode you are in. The same applies for remote communications since the "FRD?" command,whichisusedtoreturnresults, only returns the results displayed on the screen, in the order in which they are displayed.

The following table lists which m easurements are available in which mode, along with which measurements are displayed by default for the selected mode . (See Table 4 on page 19.)

18 PA1000 Power Analyzer

The menu system

Table 4: Availa

ble measurements per mode

Mode

Measurement Normal Ballast Inrush Standby Power Integrator

RMS

Watts

X* X*

X* X* X* X*

X* X* X*

X* X*

VA X X X X

Var X X X X

Freq

X* X*

X* X* X* X*

Vpk+ X X

Vpk– X X

Apk+ X X

Apk– X X

X* X*

Vdc X X

Vac X X

Vcf

Acf

XX X

Vthd X X X

Ath

Hr X

Whr

VAhrs X

VArhr X

Ahr X

V-harm X X X

A-harm X X

V range X X X X X

A range X X X X X

X = Measurement available

X* = Displayed as default

PA1000 Power Analyzer 19

The menu system

Setup mode

Also, dependin

g on which mode you change to, other settings may be changed:

When you change to any mode except Inrush mode, the voltage and the current range

s will be set to auto range.

When you change to Inrush mode, the voltage and current ranges will be set to the defau

lts set up under the Inrush mode setup.

Choose the mode that you want to set up.

Inrush set

up. Choose the default starting current range and the default starting

voltage range. Start with the maxim um range and then set the mode and make measurements. Choose a lower range with the soft keys for more accuracy once you begin to make measurements. The reset soft key sets the inrush current to zero.

Standby power setup. The time window is the time over which the PA1000 will ave period speciﬁed in the time window, with the exception of V

rage the samples. Note that the measurements will only update at the

,Vcf,Frequency,

RMS

Vthd, and Vharmonics magnitude and phase which will continue to update every

0.5 seconds.

Integrator setup. The Integrator on the PA1000 operates in two methods, the

al Start Method and the Clock Start Method. In the Manual Start Method the

Manu integrator will start and stop when the user presses the start/stop button and will reset when the user presses the reset button.

In the Clock Start Method the PA1000 will use its real time clock to start the integrator based on the date and time set up by the user. The user will also conﬁgure a duration for the Clock Start Method that will stop the integrator at the appropriate time.

The desired Start Method is conﬁgured in the Integrator Setup, Start Method menu. Select Manual or Clock using the

key.

If Manual Start M ethod is selected, nothing more needs to be conﬁgured to run the integrator. After the mode is selected, the user will use the start/stop start and stop the integrator and the reset key (

Note: Use of the reset key (

) requires the integrator to be stopped. The Clock

) to reset the accumulated values.

key to

Start Method is conﬁgured in the Integrator Setup m enu. Here the user can conﬁgure the start date and tim e and the duration. The starting time and the starting date are entered in the current format of the PA1000, as shown at the time they are entered. The duration is entered in minutes in the range shown on the data entry screen.

20 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Inputs

The menu system

Set up the measurement inputs – range , scale and low value blanking.

This menu may be used to set up the physical inputs of the PA1000. For normal operation, (20 mA to 20 A

andupto600V

RMS

), it is not necessary to change

RMS

these settings from default.

Fixed/Auto ranging

Scaling

To select an Inputs menu item, use the

keys and then press for detailed

options.

For most me

asurements, auto-ranging is the best choice. Choosing a ﬁxed range may be useful if the voltage or current is changing continuously or has large peaks that make the analyzer spend excessive tim e changing range.

Select

ltsorAmpsandpress

to choose the range. Changing the

measurement mode will often reset the voltage and current range to auto.

Scaling

can be used to adjust the PA1000 values to account for the transducer ratio. The scaling factor will affect every measured value related to the input to which it is applied.

When the 600 V and 20 A and 1 A inputs are used directly, then the default setting for Volts and Amps scaling is 1.

To use the PA1000 with external voltage or current transducers, enter a sca le factor to make the PA1000 display measurements with proper scaling, accounting for the transducer ratio.

Select

Volts or Amps and press to enter the scale factor. See the Chapter

Using External Voltage and Current Transducers for further information.

Frequency source

To make accurate rms measurements, the PA1000 must ﬁrst determine frequency. Normally the PA1000 detects frequency from the voltage signal using proprietary algorithms. If no voltage signal is present, or it is a chopped waveform, then it may be necessary to select Amps as the frequency source. Select Volts or A mps

Bandwidth

Frequency Source using the

The default bandwidth of 1 MHz is ideal for most measurements. Choose 'High'

keys and press to conﬁrm.

to set the 1 MHz bandwidth. The measurement bandwidth may be reduced to 10 kHz or 50 kHz by choosing the respective setting. This setting introduces a 10 kHz or 50 kHz digital FIR ﬁlter, depending on the selection, and may be used to reduce unwanted high-frequency noise. Choose 10 kHz or 50 kHz bandwidth when making low power standby measurements or for compatibility with low -bandw idth instrumentation.

PA1000 Power Analyzer 21

The menu system

Frequency ﬁlter

Shunts

For optimal fre

quency measurement perform ance when measuring volta ge signals below 20 kHz, the Low Pass frequency ﬁlter can be engaged. If the signal level on the voltage signal is less than 10% of range and the frequency is known to be less than 20 kHz, the Low Pass frequency ﬁlter is recommended. Select Auto or Low

Pass using the

keys and press to conﬁrm.

NOTE. The frequency ﬁlter does not affect the voltage measurement. The ﬁlter

is for the frequency detection.

The PA1000 is ﬁtted with two internal shunts. The 20 A shunt is suitable for measurements from 20 mA to 20 A from 20 μA

to 1 A. These ranges may be extended by the use of suitable current

. The 1 A shunt is suitable for measurements

RMS

transducers from μAtoMA.

Some cur

rent transducers (including simple resistive shunts) produce a voltage that is proportional to current. External Shunt Inputs are provided on the PA1000 for use with current transducers that provide a voltage output. Because the 0 V is common to both the internal and external shunts, only one type may be connected at any time.

Select Internal (20 A), Internal (1 A) or External Shunt using the and press

to conﬁrm.

keys

Blanking

Averaging

Further information is available. (See page 27, Connecting signals.)

mally enabled. Select Disable to measure voltage or current that are small.

Nor If blanking operates on either voltage or current then all related measurements would be blanked including W, VA and PF. S elect Disable or Enable using the

keys and press to conﬁrm.

rmally disabled. Select Enable to allow the PA1000 to average results, for

No more stable measurements of ﬂuctuating signals. Averaging depth is set at four when enabled. All results, including harmonic magnitude and phase, are averaged except for ranges (when selected for display) and cumulative measurements

(Whrs, VAhrs, VArHrs, Ahrs, and Hrs). Select Disable or Enable using the keys and press to conﬁrm.

22 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Graphs

The menu system

To set up the graphical displays of the PA1000, select the graph type using the

keys and press for options.

Hint: Use the YZ key to toggle between graphic and numeric displays.

Waveform graph

Harmon

ic bar chart

This will display the voltage, current and (optionally) the Watts waveform. The scale of the graph is set automatically according to the selected range and scaling. Display of the Watts graph may be disabled.

Use the Graph. Select ‘Watts’ to add the instantaneous watts waveform to the display.

NOTE. Waveforms will only be displayed when there is a valid frequency. DC

waveforms will not be displayed.

Select Voltage or Current harm onic bar chart using the keys and press

for details.

The scale is the maximum amplitude that will be displayed. Set the scale to be similar to the rms value to see an overview of the spectrum. To view smaller harmonics in more detail a smaller scale may be set.

If the harmonic exceeds the set scale it will be shown with a white cap on the top of the bar.

The scale only applies when the harmonic format is absolute measurements. If percentage measurements are used, then the scale is automatically set to 100%. The fundamental harmonic (H1) will be displayed as 100%.

keys to select Show and then press to display the Waveform

The right amplitude and phase are shown at the top of the screen. The selected harmonic

is shown in yellow. Select bar chart (voltage or current).

Integration graph

PA1000 Power Analyzer 23

elect Integration g raph using the

The Integration Graph menu allows the user to select what value to display on the graph and the vertical scale of the graph (in units of the value selected). The horizontal scale of the graph is only for display purposes. The integration will continue until stopped by the user using the start/stop button key

NOTE. Useoftheresetkey

and left arrow keys may be used to select the harmonic whose

Show and press to display the harmonic

keys, press to conﬁgure.

.Thereset

can be used to reset the accumulated values.

requires the integrator to be stopped.

The menu system

Interfaces

Ethernet conﬁgure

GPIB address

When the graph i PA1000 must be in Integrator mode for the graph to start.

This menu may be used to set up the interfaces of the PA1000.

To select set up an interface, use the options.

Enter the GPIB address and press OK.

Default address is 6. The address is unchanged after a “*RST” or “:DVC” command.

The PA1000 offers Ethernet communications through an Ethernet port using TCP/IP.

The Ethernet port will make a TCP/IP connection on port 5025. Port 5025 is designated by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) to be a SCPI port.

Use the IP Selection Method menu, and the assigned IP address, by selecting “Set IP using DHCP”, or a ﬁxed/static IP address by selecting “Fix IP Address” with the

sconﬁgured, select Show to view the graph. Note: The

keys, and then press for detailed

keys to opt for a dynamically

button.

System conﬁguration

Harmonics setup

To view the current IP settings, choose “Current IP Settings” in the Ethernet Setup menu. This allows you to view the current IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway.

To conﬁgure the static IP address, choose “Static IP Settings” in the Ethernet Setup menu. This allows you to enter the IP address, the subnet mask and the default gateway. After entering the relevant data, press the OK button in each

nu to apply.

The Ethernet m ode (Static/DHCP), IP address, default gateway and subnet mask

reunchangedaftera“*RST”or“:DVC”command.

Set up harmonics, distortion, the clock and auto zero.

To select a menu item, use the

For both voltage and current harmonics, a number of different parameters can be set. These setting are independent of the m ode that is currently selected:

keys and then press for detailed options.

24 PA1000 Power Analyzer

The menu system

Distortion setup

Sequence: All o

Range: The maximum harmonic (up to 50)

Format: Displa y harmonics as absolute values or as a percentage of the

fundamental (1st) harmonic.

For both voltage and current harmonics, a number of different parameters can be set. These settings are independent of the mode that is currently selected. Four following settings can be made for distortion:

Formula: Series (Total Harmonic Distortion) or difference (Distortion Factor).

(The default = series formula)

Sequence: Include all harmonics or only odd harmonics in the series formula.

(default = all harmonics)

Range: The maximum harmonic to be included in the series formula. (default

=7)

DC (H0): Include or exclude D C in the series formula. (default = exclude)

Reference: rms or 1st harmonic. (default = rms)

For details of the actual equations used, (See page 76, Measured parameters.)

r odd harmonics only

Auto and Manual Zero

Normally the PA1000 will cancel any small dc offsets in the m easurement automatically. This feature i

Auto Zero. Auto Zero should always be enabled except in certain applications such as Inrush current measurement.

Select

Manual Zero. Manual zero is a procedure normally carried out during periodic calibration of the PA1000. The procedure cancels dc offsets in the measurement system by making measur

We recommend a manual zero is performed:

During routine service (calibration or repair).

After ﬁrmware upgrade.

Before very low-level measurements (for example below 100 uA).

To perform a manual zero:

1. Allow the PA1000 to warm up for 1 hour.

2. Remove all voltage and current inputs.

3. Select Run Manual Zero Offset and press

prompt you after a few seconds when the process is complete.

Disable and Enable and press to conﬁrm.

sreferredtoasAutoZero.

ements with nothing connected to the input terminals.

to conﬁrm. The analyzer will

PA1000 Power Analyzer 25

The menu system

Unit conﬁgu

User conﬁ

Clock setup

ration

guration

These options m menu item, use

Set Time - Enter the time using the format shown and press OK to conﬁrm.

Set Date - Enter the date using the format shown and press OK to conﬁrm.

Time Format - Selec t

Date Format - Select

The Unit Conﬁguration menu displays the hardware revision, ﬁrmware revision, serial number, date of last adjustment and veriﬁcation.

The PA1000 has the ability to store and recall up to 5 different setups.

To select a menu item, use the

The ﬁrst option is to ‘Load Default’. Choosing this option sets every menu option of the PA1000 to its factory default.

ay be used to che ck or set the PA1000 i nternal clock. To select a

the

keys and then press for detailed options.

12 Hour or 24 Hour and press to conﬁrm.

the required date format and press to conﬁrm.

keys and then press for detailed options.

iew

Zoom

The other menu items (Default ‘CONFIGURATION n’) may be used to store and recall all settings of the PA1000.

For each User Conﬁguration you can go into a sub menu and you may:

Apply

Rename – give the conﬁguration a meaningful name. A name can be up to

Save Current – save a conﬁguration. This is always the com plete setting o f

NOTE. Loading a conﬁguration that has never been saved will result in an error

message. The current conﬁguration of the unit will not be changed.

To select a menu item, use the keys and then press for detailed options.

Use the Zoom function to select the number of measurement results that are displayed on the instrument screen. The selections are either 4 or 14. Select — either 4 results or 14 results display and press to conﬁrm.

– apply the saved conﬁguration.

aracters.

16 ch

PA1000 at the time you choose this option.

the

26 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Connecting signals

Connecting si

Input overview

Voltage

Curren

gnals

WAR N ING. To avoid possible electric shock o r personal injury:

· Do not touch connections, internal circuits or measuring devices that are not connected to earth ground.

· Always ad page 5, Connection sequence.)

Signal le

Voltagesofupto600V VHI and VLO safety sockets at the front of the PA1000.

Currentsofupto20A

AHI and ALO safety sockets at the front of the PA1000 Alternatively, if you are making measurements of less than 1 A measu

here to the instructions regarding the sequence of connection. (See

ads are connected on the front of the PA1000.

may be connected directly to the red and black 4 mm

RMS

may be connected directly to the blue and black 4 mm

RMS

,2Apk, connect the current to be

RMS

red between the yellow A1A and black ALO connections.

External current input

The external current input, EXT AHI, accepts voltages up to 1.25 V proportional to the current being measured. This input allows a very wide range

xternal current transducers to be connected, from low -milliamp current shunts

of e to mega-Amp current transformers. For each type of transducer, the PA1000 may be scaled to read the correct current. (See page 21, Inputs.)

The choice of current transducer will depend on:

he current being measured, including peaks and transients

The accuracy required

The bandwidth required: Unless the waveforms are purely sinusoidal, a

bandwidth in excess of the fundamental frequency will be required.

Whether there is DC current present

Convenience of connection – that is, using a clamp-on current transformer,

with jaws that open, for quick connection in a ﬁxed wiring loom.

The effect of the transducer on the circuit

peak

that are

PA1000 Power Analyzer 27

Connecting signals

To connect a si

mple current transformer

To use a conventional current transformer (CT) like the Tektronix CL series (or any other transducer with a current output), connect the normal AHI and ALO inputs of manufacturer’s instructions for the safe use and installation of the transducer.

Normally th point of an arrow or a + symbol. Connect this terminal to the a ppropriate AHI input of the PA1000.

Figure

12: Current transformer connections

the PA1000 to the outputs of the current transformer. Follow the

e positive or HI output of the transducer will be m arked with the

Current scaling

A current transformer produces an output current that is proportional to the load

ent being measured.

curr

To measure the correct current on the PA1000, use the scaling function of the

lyzer to scale, or multiply, the CT output current.

ana

For example, the CL200 is a 1000:1 CT. W hen measuring 100 A, its output is

mA. To scale this on the PA1000, a scale factor of 1000 must be entered:

100

Press MENU

Select

Select ‘Scaling’ and press

Select ‘Amp s’ and press

Typethenewscalefactor(1000)

Press

Press MENU to return to the measurement display.

The PA1000 is now ready to make m easurements using a CT.

‘Inputs’ and press

28 PA1000 Power Analyzer

To connect an external resistive shunt

Using a resistive shunt is a straightforward method of extending the current measuring range of the PA1000. The shunt resistor is connected in series with the load and the voltage across the shunt is directly proportional to current.

That voltage may be connected directly to the External Current Inputs of the PA1000.

Connecting signals

For example, a 1 milliohm shunt is used to measure 200 A

RMS

1. Check that the voltage that will be generated is suitable for the PA1000

V=IxR(Ohm’slaw)

Vshunt = I x Rshunt

Vshunt = 200 x 0 .001 Ohms

Vshunt = 0.2 V

This is well within the 1.25 V

rating of the External Current Inputs on the

PA1000.

2. Con

nect the shunt in series with the load and to the EXT AHI and ALO

inputs as shown.

Figure 13: External resistive shunt connections

WAR N ING. AHI, A1A, EXT AHI and ALO are connected inside the PA1000 via

a low impedance shunt. To avoid errors and a risk of electric shock, remove all connections to AHI and A1A.

3. Set up the PA1000 to measure current from the EXT AHI and ALO terminals.

Press MENU

Select

Inputs and press

Select Shunts and press

PA1000 Power Analyzer 29

Connecting signals

Select Externa

Press MENU to return to the measurement display.

4. Scale the measurement on the display.

The default scale is 1 V = 1 A.

In this example where R = 0.001 Ohms. The scaling factor is speciﬁed in Amps per Volt, so in this case, the scaling factor is 1000.

To enter a scale factor for current:

Press MENU

Select

Select Scaling and press

Select Amps and press

Type the new scale factor (1000)

Press

Press MENU to return to the measurement display.

The PA1000 is now ready to make measurements using an external shunt.

Inputs and press

l and press

To connect a transducer with a voltage output

These trans bandwidth. They may be of the hall effect or Rogowski coil type.

The procedure is similar to that of installing an external shunt as described above.

1. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for the safe use and installation of

the transducer.

2. Connect the voltage output to the EXT-HI an d A-LO terminals of the PA1000

as above.

3. Select Inputs – Shunts – External as above.

Press MENU

Select

Select Shunts and press

Select External and press

Press MENU to return to the measurement display.

4. Select and input a scale factor. These types of transducers are often rated in

terms of m V / amp. For example, a transducer with an output of 100 mV / amp

ducers contain active circuits that help to improve performance at high

Inputs and press

30 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Connecting signals

is the equivale scaling from Volts per Amp to the desired Amps per Volt, invert the value. Using the above example, 100 mV / Amps is equivalent to 10 Amps / Volt.

Press MENU

Select

Select Scaling and press

Select Amps and press

Type the new scale factor (such as 0.1)

Press

5. Press MENU to return to the measurement display.

The PA1000 is now ready to make measurements using a current transducer with a voltage output.

nt of a 100 milliohm external shunt resistor. To convert the rated

Inputs and press

Figure 14: Transducer with voltage output connections

To connect a voltage transfor

The PA1000 may be used with a voltage transformer (VT) or other transducer to extend its measuring range. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for the safe use and installation of the t

The output of the transducer is connected to the normal VHI and VLO terminals. Normally, the positive or HI output of the transducer will be marked with the point of an arrow or a + sym bol. Connect this terminal to the VHI input of the PA1000.

Voltage scaling

PA1000 Power Analyzer 31

A voltage transformer (VT) produces a voltage output, which is proportional to the voltage being measured.

To measure the correct voltage on the PA1000, use the scale function of the analyzer to scale, or multiply, the VT output current.

mer / transducer

ransducer.

Connecting signals

For example, wh be used.

Press MENU

Select

Select Scaling and press

Select Vo l t

Use the key to clear the entry.

Type the n ew scale factor (1000)

Press

Press MENU to return to the measurement display.

The PA1000 is now ready to make measurements using a VT.

en measuring with a 1000:1 VT a scale factor of 1000 must

Inputs and press

s and press

Figure 15: Voltage transformer / transducer connections

32 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Remote operation

Overview

You can use remote commands for the PA1000 to perform high speed, complex or repetitive measurements. The PA1000 can communicate via GPIB, Ethernet or USB.

Remote operation

Figure 16: Communication ports

1. GPIB

2. Ethernet

3. USB

Interfacing with USB systems

The PA1000 supports USB control using the Test and Measurement class.

A detailed pin description of the port, along with speed and connection information is given in the speciﬁcations. (See page 75, USB peripheral.)

Interfacing with Ethernet systems

The PA1000 supports Ethernet control using a 10Base-T network.

See Ethernet port for more information on the Eth ern et connection. (See page 75, Ethernet port.)

See Ethernet con ﬁgure for information on how to set up the Ethernet addressing information. (See page 24, Ethernet conﬁgure.)

PA1000 Power Analyzer 33

Remote operation

Interfacing w

Status repo

rting

Status byte

ith GPIB systems

The PA1000 s upports control via a GPIB port.

See IEEE 488/GPIB for a detailed pin description of the GPIB connector. (See page 74, IEEE 488 / GPIB .)

The PA1000 uses a status byte similar to IEEE488.2. The PA1000 Status Byte Register (STB) contains the ESB and DAS bits. These two bits indicate a non-zero Status R egister (DSR) respectively.

The ESR a set by the user. These enable registers act as a mask to reﬂect chosen elements of the appropriate status registers to the Status Byte Register. Setting the appropriate bit of the enable register to 1 conﬁgures transparency.

If a status register is read, that register is reset to zero.

state in the Standard Event Status Register (ESR) or the Display Data

nd DSR each have enable registers, ESE and DSE respectively, that is

34 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Remote operation

Status Byte Register (STB)

DisplayDataStatus

Read by “*STB?”

Bit 5 - ESB Summary bit to show standard event status.

Bit 0 - DAS Summary bit to show display d ata available.

Read by “:D initialized to zero. When read using the “:DSR?” command the register bits are cleared as listed below.

Bit 4 - OVV. Set to indicate there is a voltage range overload. Automatically cleared when range overload clears.

SR?” or in summary by *STB? DAS bit. On power-up DSR is

Bit3-OVA. Set to indicate there is a current range overload. Automatically cleared when range overload clears.

Bit1-NDV. Set to indicate that new data has become available since the last :DSR? command. Cleared when read.

Bit 0 - DVL. Set to indicate the availability of data. Cleared when read.

PA1000 Power Analyzer 35

Remote operation

Display Data Status Enable

Standard Event S tatus

Read by “:DSE?”

Bit4-OVV. Enable OVV bit in DSR.

Bit3-OVA. Enable OVA bit in D SR.

Bit1-NDV. Enable NDV bit in DSR. (Default to enabled on power-up.)

Bit0-DVL. Enable DVL bit in DSR. (Default to enabled on power-up.)

Read by “*ESR?” or in summary by the ESB bit in STB.

Bit5-CME. Command error; command not recognized.

and set by “:DSE <value>”.

Standard Event S tatus

Enable Register (ESE)

Command listing

Read by “*ESE?” and set by “*ESE <value>”. Cleared when read.

An invalid command is reported in the DSR register by setting a ﬂag in the Standard Event status Register. The ﬂ ag shall be cleared when the register is rea d “*ESR?”. An invalid query can have an unpredictable result, and may require that you power-cycle the unit and/or the PC.

Bit5-CME. Enable CME bit in ESR. (Default to enabled on power-up.)

The following conventions are used in the next section to describe the command syntax:

Square brackets indicate optional parameters or keywords [ ]

Triangle brackets indicate values to be speciﬁed < >

Vertical bar indicates the choice of parameters |

36 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Remote operation

Commands and re

sponses are sent as ASCII strings terminated with a line feed. The PA1000 is not case sensitive and white space characters are ignored except where required between command and parameter.

Multiple commands cannot be sent in a single string where a ‘;’ character is used at the end of each command.

For all commands where a parameter i s s upplied, one or more spaces are required between the end of the command and the ﬁrst paramete r. For example, “:CAL:DATE 1” will work. “:CAL:DATE?1” will cause a time out error.

All non-common commands (those with ‘*’ as the ﬁrst character) must have a leading colon ‘:’. Although the IEEE 488.2 standard does not require this, the PA1000 does. For example, :avg? works, but Avg? does not. :avg:aut works but avg:aut does not.

The list of commands is split into relevant sections. In general each section corresponds to a menu option from the main menu on the PA1000.

IEEE 488.2 standard commands and status commands

*IDN?

Unit identity

Syntax *IDN?

Return format Tektronix, PA1000, serial number, ﬁrmware version

Description

The serial number is the serial number of the product. The ﬁrmware

ion is the version of the ﬁrmware suite.

vers

*CLS

*ESE

Clear event status

tax

Syn

Description

*CL

ears the standard event status register to 0

Set standard event status enable register

Syntax *ESE <ﬂags>

Where ﬂags = value for enable register as a decimal 0 – 255

Default

Description

Sets the bits that are enabled in the standard event status register. The status enable register uses the same bit deﬁnitions as the standard event status register

PA1000 Power Analyzer 37

Remote operation

*ESE?

*ESR?

*RST

Read standard e

Syntax *ESE?

Return format

Description Returns the v

vent status enable register

0 - 255

alue in the standard event status enable register.

Read event status register

Syntax *ESR?

Return format

Description Returns the value in the standard event status register, AND’ed with the

0 - 255

value in the standard event status enable register. The event status register is cleared once it has been read

Reset device

Syntax *RST

Description

Resets the status reporting and returns the settings to default values (performs the same action as Load Default Conﬁguration menu option on the front panel)

*STB?

:DSE

:DSE?

Tip. Allow 5 – 10 seconds after *RST has been sent prior to executing further

commands to allow all defaults to processed and set.

Read status byte

Syntax *STB?

Return format

Description Returns the value in the status byte, masked by the service request enable

0 - 255

SetDataStatusEnableRegister

Syntax :DSE <ﬂags>

Default

Description

255

Sets the bits that are enabled in the display status register

Read Data Status Enable Register

Syntax :DSE?

Return format

Description Returns the value in the data status enable register

0 – 255

38 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Remote operation

Unit infor

:DSR?

:DVC

Read Data Statu

Syntax :DSR?

Return format

Description Returns the v

Device clear

Syntax :DVC

Description

mation commands

The unit information commands are commands that are used to return information on the unit beyond the information returned by the *IDN? command.

:CAL:DA

TE?

Calibration date

Syntax :CAL:DATE? <date type>

Return format Appropriate calibration date in the format dd-mm-yyyy

Description

sRegister

0 – 255

alue in the data status register, AND’ed with the value in the data status enable register. The data status register is cleared once it has been read

Resets the unit conﬁguration to default values.

<date type> is 1 through 2

Returns the calibration date from the PA1000. <date type> can be either: 1=Dateveriﬁed 2 = Date adjusted

PA1000 Power Analyzer 39

Remote operation

Measurement selection and reading commands

These commands are related to selecting the measurements required and returning those results.

:SEL

Select results

Syntax :SEL:CLR

:SEL:<measurement>

Where <measurement> is: VLT - Volts rms AMP - Amps rms WAT - Watts VAS - VA VAR - VAr FRQ - Frequency PWF - Power factor VPK+ - Volts peak (positive) VPK- - Volts peak (negative) APK+ - Amps peak (positive) APK- - Amps peak (negative) VDC - Volts DC ADC - Volts DC VCF - Voltage crest factor ACF - Amps crest factor VDF - Volts Distortion Factor ADF - Amps Distortion Factor IMP - Impedance RES - Resistance REA - Reactance HR - Integrator time *1 WHR - Watt Hours *1 VAH - VA Hou rs *1 VRH - VAr Hours *1 AHR - Amp Hours *1 VRNG - Voltage range ARNG - Amps range

VHM - Volts harmonics AHM - Amps harmonics *1 – These results are only available for displaying / returning when in integrator mode.

Description

:SEL determines which results are displayed on the screen also the results returned by the FRD? command. To see the currently selected command the “FRF?” command should be used. SEL:CLR clears all the results.

40 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Remote operation

:FRF?

:FRD?

Read selec t ed r

Syntax :FRF?

Description

esults

FRF? command is used to return a list o f the displayed r esults. The actual result is not r eturned. The return format is: <number of me <measurement 1>,<measur ement 2>,…. and so forth.

<number of measurements selected> is the number of measurements selected us <number of results returned> equates to the number of rows on the display used. When harmonics are selected, the number of results returned will exceed the n <measurement 1> and so forth, is the name of the measurement selected. The returned data will be the same as the label used on the results display. For harmon Each value will be returned separated by a comma

Read foreground data

Syntax :FRD?

Description

The FRD commands returns results from the analyzer. The results are returned in the order in which they are displayed on the screen. Each result is a ﬂoating point number separated by a comma

The sequence is determined by order in which results are displayed on the front panel.

asurements selected>, <number of results returned>,

ing either the front panel or the SEL command

umber of measurements selected

ics “Vharm” and “Aharm will be returned.

Measurement conﬁguration commands

Measurement conﬁguration commands correspond to the Measurement

uration Menu.

Conﬁg

:HMX:VLT/AMP

Commands for conﬁguring the display of harmonics.

Harmonics conﬁguration

Syntax :HMX:VLT:SEQ <value>

:HMX:AMP:SEQ <value>

Where <value> equals 0 for odd and even and 1 for odd only.

Description

Syntax :HMX:VLT:RNG <value>

If harmonics measurements are selected (see :SEL), the PA1000 can display all harmonics, or just the odd number harmonics from the ﬁrst harmonic up to the number speciﬁed.

:HMX:AMP:RNG <value>

Where value> = the maximum harmonic to be display in the range of 1 to 50.

PA1000 Power Analyzer 41

Remote operation

Harmonics conﬁguration (cont.)

:HMX:THD

Description

Syntax :HMX:VLT:FOR <value>

Description

If harmonics measurements are selected (see :SEL), the PA1000 will display all the harmonics up to the number speciﬁed by <value >. The harmonics displayed can be restricted to odd numbered harmonics only using the harmonic sequence command.

:HMX:AMP:FOR <value>

Where <value>

= 0 absolute values

= 1 percentage values

If harmonics measurements are selected (see :SEL), the PA1000 can display all harmonics (except the ﬁrst) as an absolute v alue or as a percentage of the fundamental (ﬁrst) harmonic.

Commands for setting up the total harmonic distortion measurements.

Total harmonic distortion setup

Synta

ription

Desc

tax

Syn

Description

Syntax :HMX:THD:RNG <value>

Description

Syntax :HMX:THD:DC <value>

Description

:HMX:THD:REF <value>

<value> = 0 fundamental

Where

=1rms

For total harmonic distortion (THD) readings (also known as the series formula), the reference on the denominator of the equation can be either

ms reading or the fundamental harmonic reading.

the r

X:THD:SEQ <value>

:HM

Where <value> = 0 for odd and even

= 1 for odd only

For total harmonic distortion (THD) readings (also known as the series

rmula), the harmonics used in the measurement can include all

fo harmonics up to the speciﬁed number or only the odd harmonics.

Where <value> = the maximum harmonic to be display in the range of

to 50.

or total harmonic distortion (THD) readings (also known as the series

F formula), <value > is used to specify the maximum harmonic number used in the formula.

Where <value> = 0 for exclude

= 1 for include

For total harmonic distortion (THD) readings (also known as the series formula), the formula can either include or exclude the DC component.

42 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Remote operation

:HMX:THD:FML

:HMX:THD:Hz

Mode setup commands

Commands for se

tting up the total harmonic distortion formulas.

Total harmonic distortion setup

Syntax

Description

:HMX:THD:FML <value>

Where <value>:

= 0 — series (THD)

= 1 — difference (DF)

For total harmonic distortion (THD) readings (also known as the series formula), the formula can either include or exclude the DC component.

Command for including or excluding THD harmonic zero.

Total harmonic distortion setup

Syntax

Description

:HMX:THD:Hz <value>

Where <value> = 0 — exclude

= 1 — include

For total harmonic distortion (THD) readings, the command can either include or exclude the frequency component.

:MOD

The mode set up commands correspond to the Modes menu. (See page 18, Modes.

) They are used to control how the PA1000 is conﬁgured to measure

parameters in certain conditions.

Mode

Syntax :MOD:INR (inrush mode)

:MOD:NOR (normal mode)

:MOD:BAL (ballast mode)

:MOD:SBY (standby power mode)

:MOD:INT (integrator mode)

Description This command sets the mode.

Syntax :MOD?

Return format Mode number from 0 to 4.

Description

This command will return a reference to the active mode.

The returned values are:

0 – Normal Mode

1 – Ballast Mode

2 – Inrush Mode

3 – Standby Power Mode

4 – Integrator Mode

PA1000 Power Analyzer 43

Remote operation

:MOD:INR:ARN

:MOD:INR:CLR

:MOD:INR:VRNG

:INT:CLK:

DATE

Inrush current

Syntax :MOD:INR:ARNG <value>

Description This c ommand sets the inrush current range.

range

<value> = 1 through 10.

Inrush clear

Syntax :MOD:INR:CLR

Description This command clears the Apk value when in Inrush mode.

Inrush voltage range

Syntax :MOD:INR:VRNG <value>

<value> = 1 through 7.

Description This c ommand sets the inrush voltage range.

Set date

Syntax INT:CLK:DATE xxxxxxxx

xxxxxxxx means dd_mm_yyyy, or mm_dd_yyyy, or yyyy_mm_dd according to the Date Format settings in the Main Menu -> System Conﬁguration -> Clock -> Date Format.

Description

Sets the start date for the integrator when conﬁgured for Clock Start Method. Start date sent in current PA1000 date format.

:INT:CLK:DUR

:INT:CLK:TIME

Set duration

Syntax :INT:CLK:DUR <value>

value> ≤ 100,000)

he duration of the integrator, in minutes, when conﬁgured for Clock

Description

(1.0 ≤ <

Sets t Start Method.

Set start time

Syntax :INT:CLK:TIME xx_xx_xx

xx_xx_xx stands for hh_mm_ss for 24 hr time format or hh_mm_ss (A or P) for AM/PM time format.

Description

Sets the start time for the integrator when conﬁgured for Clock Start Method. Start time sent in current PA1000 time format.

44 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Remote operation

:INT:MAN:RUN

:INT:MAN:STOP

:INT:RESET

:INT:START

Start integrat

Syntax

Description

ion

:INT:MAN:RUN

Starts integration when in Manual Start Method. Requires integration mode active, manual start selected and integration not running.

Stop integration

Syntax INT:MAN:STOP

Description

Stops integration when in Manual Start Method. Requires integration mode active, manual start selected and integration running.

Reset integration

Syntax :INT:RESET

Description Resets integration values. Requires integration mode active and

integration not running.

Start me thod

Syntax :INT:START <value>

<value> = 0 → Manual Start Method

<value> = 1 → Clock Start Method

Description

Selects either Manual Start Method or Clock Start Method.

Input setup commands

:RNG

The input setup commands correspond to the Inputs menu. (See page 21, Inputs.) They are used to control how signal inputs to the PA1000 are channelled and controlled.

Ranging

Syntax :RNG:VLT | AMP:FIX <range>

:RNG:VLT | AMP:AUT

VLT = set voltage ranging

AMP = set current ranging

FIX = Fixed ranging

AUT = auto ranging

Where <range> = range number from 1 to 10.

Description

Sets the range.

The range numbers for each input are deﬁned below:

PA1000 Power Analyzer 45

Remote operation

Ranging (cont.)

Range #

Volts 20 A shun t 1 A shunt Ext. shunt

Auto

1 10 V 0.1 A 0.002 A

2 20 V 0.2 A 0.004 A

3 50 V 0.5 A 0.01 A

—

4 100 V 1 A 0.02 A 0.0125 V

200 V 2 A 0.04 A 0.025 V

6 500 V 5 A 0.1 A 0.0625 V

1000 V 10 A 0.2 A 0.125 V

8 20 A 0.4 A 0.25 V

950A1A0.625V

10 100 A 2 A 1.25 V

Syntax :RNG:VLT | AMP?

Return 0 through 10.

Description

Returns an index to the currently selected range. If auto range is selected, then 0 will be returned.

Syntax :RNG:VLT | AMP:AUT?

Return 0 through 1.

Description

Returns 0 for ﬁxed range and 1 for auto range.

:SHU

Shunt selection

Syntax :SHU:INT

:SHU:INT1A

:SHU:EXT

INT = set internal 20 A

INT1A = set internal 1 A

EXT = set external shunt

Description

Sets the shunt.

Syntax :SHU?

Return format

0 through 2

Description Returns the shunt setting

0 = Internal 20 A

1 = External

RMS

shunt

2=1A

RMS

shunt

RMS

shunt

46 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Remote operation

:FSR

:SCL

Frequency sett

Syntax :FSR:VLT

Description

Syntax :FSR?

Return 0 through 1

Description

ings

:FSR:AMP

:FSR:EXT1

VLT = set the voltage channel as the source

AMP = set c urrent channel as the source

EXT1 = set ext

Determines

Returns the currently conﬁgured frequency source

The value

0 = Voltage channel

1 = Current channel

which channel is used as the frequency source/reference.

s returned correspond to:

Scaling

Syntax :SCL:VLT | AMP

LT | AMP

:SCL:V

VLT = Voltage channel scaling

AMP = Current channel scaling

scale> = number from 0.0001 to 100,000.

he scaling factor for the voltage or current channel.

:VLT|AMP|EXT?

Description

Synt

Return

Description

Where <

Sets t

:SCL

VLT = Voltage channel scaling

AMP = Current channel scaling

Number from 0.0001 to 100,000

Returns the scaling factor for the voltage or current channel.

ernal counter input 1 as the source

:BDW

Bandwidth

Syntax

Description

:BDW <value>

Where <value> = 0 or 1

Sets the measurement bandwidth.

<value> = 0 ≥ Bandwidth = 1 MHz

<value> = 1 ≥ Bandwidth = 10 kHz

<value> = 2 ≥ Bandwidth = 50 kHz

PA1000 Power Analyzer 47

Remote operation

Bandwidth (cont.)

Syntax :BDW?

Return Returns the measurement bandwidth.

<value> = 0 ≥ Bandwidth = 1 MHz

<value> = 1 ≥ Bandwidth = 10 kHz

<value> = 2 ≥ Bandwidth = 50 kHz

:INP:FILT:LPAS

Low pass fr

Syntax :INP:FILT:LPAS <value>

Description

Syntax :INP:FILT:LPAS?

Return

equency ﬁlter

Graph and waveform commands

armonic amp scaling

:GRA:HRM:AMP:SCL

Set h

Syntax GRA:HRM:AMP:SCL <value>

Description

Where <value> = 0 or 1.

Sets the low pass frequency ﬁlter state:

<value>

<value> = 1 -> Low Pass Frequency Filter Enabled

Returns the low pass frequency ﬁlter state.

<value> = 0 -> Low Pass Frequency Filter Disabled

<valu

<value> = 0 through 100

Set scaling in harmonic bar chart for Amps

= 0 -> Low Pass Frequency Filter Disabled

e> = 1 -> Low Pass Frequency Filter Enabled

:GRA:HRM:VLT:SCL

:GRA:HRM:AMP:SHW

Set harmonic volt scaling

Syntax GRA:HRM:VLT:SCL <value>

alue> = 0 through 1000

Description

et scaling in harmonic bar chart for Volts

Show current bar chart

Syntax GRA:HRM:AMP:SHW

Description

Shows current bar chart.

48 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Remote operation

:GRA:HRM:VLT:SHW

:GRA:HRM:HLT

:GRA:WAV:WAT

Show voltage ba

Syntax GRA:HRM:VLT:SHW

Description

rchart

Shows voltage bar chart.

Highlight harmonic

Syntax GRA:HRM:HLT <value>

<value> = 1 through 50

Description Highlights required harmonic

Return <value> = 0→ Watts graph disabled

<value> = 1→ Watts graph enabled

Waveform Watt graph

Syntax :GRA:WAV:WAT <value>

Description Enables or disables the Watts graph.

Return <value> = 0→ Watts graph disabled

<value> = 1→ Watts graph enabled

:GRA:WAV:SHW

Interface commands

:COM:IEE

Waveform graph

Syntax :GRA:WAV:SHW

Description

Shows the waveform graph.

Interface commands are used to set up and control the various ways of communicating with the PA1000.

GPIB conﬁguration

tax

Syn

scription

Syntax :COM:IEE:ADDR?

eturn

escription

M:IEE:ADDR <address>

:CO

Where <address> = address in the range of 1 to 30.

Sets the GPIB address for the PA1000.

address in the range of 1 to 30.

Returns the GPIB address for the PA1000.

PA1000 Power Analyzer 49

Remote operation

:COM:ETH

:COM:ETH:STAT

Return Etherne

Syntax :COM:ETH:SUB | IP | GATE?

Return

Descriptio

Static Eth

Syntax :COM:ETH:STAT <value>

Description Determines whether the PA1000 uses a static IP address or one assigned

Syntax :COM:ET

Return 0 or 1

Description Returns whether the PA1000 uses a static IP address or one assigned by

Synta

ription

Desc

Syntax :COM:ETH:STAT:SUB | IP | GATE?

Return

Description These commands are used to return the statically assigned IP values

tconﬁgurations

SUB = Subnet mask

IP = IP address

GATE = Default gateway

Number in the form of v4 IP address xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx.

Returns the requested information in the form of an IP address. The information returned is the current conﬁguration. If DHCP is used as the assignment assigned by the DHCP server.

ernet conﬁguration

Where <value> = 0 or 1

by a DHCP server. If <value> = 0 then a DHCP server is used. If <value> = 1 then t

a DHCP server. If the returned value is 0 then a DHCP server is used. If

turned value is a 1 then the static IP settings are used.

the re

ETH:STAT:SUB | IP | G ATE <ip value >

:COM:

SUB = Subnet mask

IP = IP address

= Default gateway

GATE

Where <ip value> is in the format xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx.

These commands are used to set the statically assigned IP values for the PA1000.

= Subnet mask

SUB

IP = IP address

GATE = Default gateway

IP address in the format xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

for the PA1000.

method, then the values returned would be those values

he static IP settings are used.

H:STAT?

50 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Remote operation

:COM:ETH:MAC

Ethernet MAC Ad

Syntax :COM:ETH:MAC?

Return

Description

System conﬁguration commands

The System conﬁguration commands correspond to the System Conﬁguration front panel m enu screen. (See page 24, System conﬁguration.)

:BLK

Blanking

Syntax

Return None

Description With blanking enabled, the analyzer will return a zero when the measured

Syntax :BLK?

Return 0 = disabled; 1 = enabled

Description

dress

MAC = MAC address

MAC address in the format of 12 HEX characters.

Used to return the MAC address on the Ethernet controller. The MAC address wou

:BLK:ENB - blanking enabled.

:BLK:DIS – blanking disabled.

signal is less than a certain percentage of the bottom range. If the blanked channel is also used in another result, for example, Watts, then that value will also be blanked.

Returns the status of blanking.

ld be of the form: 0x0019B9635D08.

:AVG

:SYST:ZERO

Averaging

Syntax :AVG <value>

Where <value> is 0 or 1; 0 = disabled; 1 = enabled

Return None

Description The command is used to enable or disable averaging.

Syntax :AVG?

Return 0 = disabled; 1 = enabled

Description Returns the units averaging value.

Auto zero

Syntax :SYST:ZERO <value>

Where <value> is 0 for disable, 1 for enable.

Return None

Description

Sets whether the auto zero function for the channels is enabled or disabled.

PA1000 Power Analyzer 51

Remote operation

Auto zero (cont.)

Syntax :SYST:ZERO?

Return 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled.

:SYST:MZERO

:SYST:MZERO:STATUS?

:SYST:DATE

nual zero

Runs a manu

0 = unsucc

1 = successful

al zero.

essful

Perform ma

Syntax :SYST:MZERO

Descripti

Return

:SYST:MZERO:STATUS?

Syntax :SYST:MZERO:STATUS?

Description

Return

m date

Syste

Syntax :SYST:DATE?

Return

Description

Returns the status of manual zero.

0 = a manual zero has never been performed

1 = a manual zero has been performed successfully

:SYST:SET:DATE <date value>

T:FOR:DATE <date format>

:SYS

Where <date value> is the new date in the selected format and <date format> is the date format.

Date formatted in the way speciﬁed by the user separated by “–”.

The :SYST:DATE? Command will return the date on the analyzer in the

mat speciﬁed by the user. The user can choose one of 3 formats:

for

<date format> = 0 – mm–dd–yyyy

<date format> = 1 – dd–mm–yyyy

ate format> = 2 – yyyy–mm–dd

You can also set the date on the analyzer using the :SYST:SET:DATE command. In this case, the <date value> should be in the format speciﬁed.

or example, if the speciﬁed format were 0 (mm–dd–yyyy), then the

F command would be:

:SYST:SET:DATE 10_31_2013

52 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Remote operation

:SYST:TIME

System time

Syntax :SYST:TIME?

:SYST:SET:TIME <time value >

:SYST:FOR:TI

Where <time value> is the new time in the selected format and

<time format> is the time format.

Return

Descriptio

Time formatted in the way speciﬁed by the user, hours and minutes and seconds sep 13_34_22 for 24 hour.

The :SYST:TIME? command will return the time on the analyzer in the format speciﬁed by the user. The user can choose one of 3 formats:

<time form

<time format> = 1 – 24 Hour hh:mm:ss

The user can also set the time on the analyzer using the :SYST:SET:TIME command. speciﬁed. For example, if the speciﬁed format were 0 (12 Hour), then the command would be:

:SYST:S

For 12 hour clock, A should be used for AM and P for PM.

at> = 0 – 12 Hour hh:mm:ss A/P

ET:TIME 08_32_20 P

ME <time format>

arated by “_”. For example, 01_34_22P for 12 hour or

In this case, the <time value> should be in the formatted

User conﬁguration commands

These commands relate to the User Conﬁguration menu item.

:CFG:

User conﬁgurations

Syntax :CFG:LOAD <value>

Description

Return None.

View commands

Display

Syntax :DSP:Z04

Description

:CFG:SAVE <value>

Where: <value> is user conﬁguration 1 through 5 for saving and 0 through 5 for loading. 0 is the default conﬁguration.

These commands will be used to load and save one of the 5 user conﬁgurations.

:DSP:Z14

:DSP:Z04 displays the 4 results screen

:DSP:Z14 displays the 14 results screen

PA1000 Power Analyzer 53

Remote operation

Sending and re

ceiving commands

As stated before, there are many ways in which to send commands to the PA1000, but there are some common rules for all methods:

All instructions should be terminated with a line feed (ASCII 10) character.

All returned information will be terminated by a line feed (ASCII 10)

character.

Only one instruction can be sent at a time. ":SEL:VLT;:SEL:AMP" is not a

valid command.

For all commands that conﬁgure the unit, allow 0.5 seconds between each

command or use ﬂow control to wait until the next command is sent.

The running of auto-zero, which happens e very 1 minute, will result in no new

results for approximately 1 second. For this reason auto-zero can be disabled.

NOTE. When utilizing communications via the Ethernet interface on the PA1000,

all com i.e. ASCII CR (0x0D). In the examples below the carriage return character is represented by “[CR]”.

munications will be responded to with a carriage return character,

Tip. If using Visual Studio or Lab-View you can utilize the ‘Flush, In-buffer’ command to quickly and simply remove the carriage return from the input buffer. This can be set up as a discipline in the software to occur after every read and write command sent.

ample 1. User sends a query to the PA1000 to determine the status of the shunt.

The PA1000 will respond with a CR a dded to the end of the string;

ER: “:SHU?”

PA1000: “0[CR]”

The PA1000 responds as normal with a CR character added to the end of the string.

Example 2. User sends a command to the PA1000 to disable blanking and the PA1000 responds with a CR character;

USER: “:SHU:INT”

PA1000: “[CR]”

The PA1000 responds with a CR character.

Utilizing all other communication methods the PA1000 does not reply with a CR to every communication.

54 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Remote operation

Communicatio

Basic selection and

returning of result

ns examples

The results are returned using the FRD command. This returns the results that are shown on the screen, in the order in which they appear on the screen. As results are selected exception of harmonics, which always appear at the end of the list.

:SEL:CLR

:SEL:VLT

:SEL:AMP

:SEL:FRQ

:SEL:WAT

:SEL:VAS

:SEL:VAR

:SEL:PWF

:SEL:VPK+

:SEL:APK+

:FRD?

:FRF? Returns the results selected for conﬁrmation

using comms, the results are added to the bottom of the list, with the

clears all results

Returns Vrms, Arms, Frequency, Watts, VA, Var, power factor, Vpeak + and Vpeak- in ﬂoating point format.

using the label that appears on the display. In this case will return, “9, 9, Vrms, Arm s, Freq, Watt, VA, Var, PF, Vpk+, Apk+

Returning results

repeatedly

The PA1000 updates the results at the speciﬁed update rate. To return results as soon as they are available, set up the DSE register to enable bit 1, the New Data Available (NDV) bit. Then read the DSR register using the ":DSR?" command until it indicates that there is new dataavailable,andthensenda":FRD?" command to get selected results.

":DSE 2" // This enables the NDV bit.

While strDSR <> "2"

":DSR?"

strDSR = received data

WEND

":FRD?"

Receive results

PA1000 Power Analyzer 55

Remote operation

Harmonics

To return harmo

nics, ﬁrst the number of harmonic and the scope need to be

selected and then they need to be added to the list of results on the display.

:HMX:VLT:SEQ 0 Select odd and even harmonics (use 1 to

select odd harmonics only).

:HMX:VLT:RNG 9 Return all harmonic from 1 to 9.

:SEL:VHM

Add Voltage harmonics to the list.

Now, assuming :SEL:CLR has not been issued after example 1, then the following results wo uld be returned by :FRD?

RMS,ARMS

, Freq, Watt, VA, Var, PF, V pk+, Apk+, Vh1 Mag, Vh1 phase, Vh2

Mag, Vh2 phase, …. Vh9 Mag, Vh9 phase.

56 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Software

PWRVIEW PC software

Software

PWRVIEW is a compliments and extends the functionality of the PA1000. PWRVIEW is a free download from www.tektronix.com that enables you to do the following:

Communicate with the PA1000 over any of the available instrument

communication ports

Change instrument settings remotely

Transfer

including waveforms, harmonic bar charts, and plots

Log meas

Communicate with and download data from multiple Tektronix Power

Analyz

Create and log formulae for the calculation of power conversion efﬁciency

and ot

Export measurement data to .csv or .xls format for import into other

ications

appl

Automate instrument setup, data collection, and report generation for key

lications with just a few clicks, using wizard-driven interfaces

app

Perform autom ated full compliance testing for Low Power Standby per

C62301, Edition 2

supporting software application for Windows PC’s that

, view, and save measurement data in real-time from the instrument,

urement data over a period of time

ers simultaneously

her values

Perform automated pre-compliance testing for current harmonics per

C61000-3-2:2014 Ed.4 and IEC61000-4-7:2002 + A1:2009

Set user-deﬁned limits

Tip. Use the procedures in Applications Examples to learn how to use PWRVIEW to perform pre-compliance current harmonics testing. (See page 60, Applications examples.)

PA1000 Power Analyzer 57

Software

Figure 17: PWRVIEW application

PA1000 ﬁrmware update utility

The PA1 ﬁrmware within the product. The ﬁrmware is updated by using a free PC software program, which can be found on the PA1000 section of the Tektronix w eb site (www.tektronix.com). Simply download the software and install it on your PC. The download software is compliant with the Windows 7 operating system. The software supports the downloading of ﬁrmware via USB.

Before downloading code, you can conﬁrm that the communications interface is working correctly by clicking on the USB Comms Test button. This will return the

Next, point the software to the downloaded ﬁrmware ﬁle. The ﬁle is named “P The process takes about 10 to 15 minutes. The ﬁle can also be found on the Tektronix website, on the PA1000 page.

CAUTION. Do not remove power from the PA100 0 during the download.

000hasbeendesignedsothatyoucanaddnewfeaturesbyupdatingthe

serial number, ﬁrmware version and hardware version of the PA1000.

A1000Firmware.bin” or similar. Finally, click on Press to Load Firmware.

58 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Software

During certain the download is complete, the PA1000 will restart automatically and will then be ready for use.

sections of the download, the PA1000 screen will go blank. Once

PA1000 Power Analyzer 59

Applications examples

The majority of single phase power measurements can be made on a PA1000 using default settings. The analyzer is fully auto-ranging and because of its proprietary to make the required measurements to the published speciﬁcation irrespective of frequency or crest factor.

Certain measurements can be optimized using the special modes built in to the analyzer like standby power mode or IEC current harmonics mode. The following application examples demonstrate the use of some of these capabilities.

IEC 62301 compliance testing and low-power standby measurements

frequency detection technique and peak ranging it will adjust itself

urement challenges

Meas

Introduc

tion

Power s upplies, adapters and common electrical and electronic goods often operate in standby mode. Examples are a TV switched ‘off’ by remote control but consuming power waiting for further remote control, a microwave oven just

ying its clock, or a cell phone charger that has ﬁnished charging. The

displa cumulative power drawn by these and other common loads is signiﬁcant and programs such as ENERGY STAR™ and the European Eco-Directives seek to limit the power drawn b y equipment when in this mode. Typical standby power levels continue to decrease from the 1 Watt initiative of 2010 towards the voluntary 30 mW of the European Community’s 5-star charger rating in 2014.

The standby power and the measured current are low compared to the normal operating point of the equipment under test. The power analyzer must measure perhaps below 100 uA yet also measure amps of full-load current. The analyzer

st have matching low current measurement ranges and very low noise in order

mu to measure the standby current and power accurately.

o meet the standby regulations, power supply designers often operate the power

T supply in a burst mode. The power supply draws bursts of power from the ac line and then shuts down it internal circuits until more power is required. In this way, the power is drawn from the ac line in irregular bursts and to make an accurate measurement it is required to:

Sample the waveforms continuously such that no data is missed.

Averageallthemeasureddatatoproduceastableresult.

60 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Applications examples

Measurement solutions

With the PA1000 from a few mill-watts upwards.

Method 1 – full compliance. The PWRVIEW PC software from Tektronix sets up and measures from a PA1000 using the full compliance techniques of IEC62301 Ed.2 / EN50564. Using the PC software and a Tektronix Breakout box connected to the 1 A inp be made. PWRVIEW software contains a setup wizard to guide you through this process.

there are 2 methods to get great standby power measurements

ut of the PA1000, full-compliance standby power measurements can

re 18: Laptop charger full-compliance standby power test with PWRVIEW

Figu software

Method 2 – fast design check with ‘Standby Mode’. This front-panel mode of the

PA1000 is designed to give product designers a fast yet reliable check of standby

wer consumption. Enabling standby power mode automatically:

Sets a long averaging time to average th e typical power variations and bursts

Disables low-level blanking so that very low power levels are displayed

The PA1000 samples continuously in standby mode to ensure that no data is lost.

PA1000 Power Analyzer 61

Applications examples

Figure 19: PA1000 measuring 5 mW in front-panel standby mode

Test setup

To take a standby power measurement using the PA1000 Standby Mode:

1. Connect the equipment under test using a Tektronix breakout box. Be careful to use the Vlo Source connection for voltage. This eliminates any errors due to the small current that ﬂows between the voltage terminals of the PA1000.

Figure 20: Standby power measurement connections

62 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Applications examples

Further settings if required

2. Select the 1 A sh > Sele ct 1 A and press

3. Enable Standby Mode by selecting Menu > Modes > Select standby power and press

You are now ready to make standby power measurements.

Averaging. The default averaging time is 10 sec onds. This may be adjusted as required in the Modes > under test is stable, select a shorter time for faster measurements. If the measurements are unstable, choose a longer averaging time. If in doubt, use the full-compliance method built-in to the PWRVIEW pc software.

Ranging. The analyzer is auto-ranging by default. Auto-ranging is fast and generally unnoticeable, but might lead to loss of data while auto-ranging occurs. Using a ﬁxed range while measuring w ill ensure that no data is lost during the ranging process. To set a ﬁxed range, choose Inputs > Fixed/Auto ranging > and choose a suitable ﬁxed range, based on the measurements made during auto-ranging. If the range is too low, a warning message will display. This will not harm the analyzer. The range should not be set too high, since this will compromise the overall accuracy.

unt input of the PA1000 by selecting Menu > Inputs > Shunts

to conﬁrm.

Setup mode > Standby power setup. If the equipment

Bandwidth. For low power standby signals that have undesired high frequency components, low bandwidth ﬁlters can be enabled. A choice of 10 kHz and 50 kHz digital FIR ﬁlters are available through input setup. Keep in mind that applying low pass ﬁlters could vary the RMS values of voltage, currents and power since high frequency components affect RMS values.

All settings can be saved for later

use in the User Conﬁguration menu.

IEC 61000-3-2 pre-compliance current harmonics testing

Introduction

The advent of new control techniques in power electronics, developed for higher efﬁciency and compact designs, has led to poor power line quality. The problem keeps getting worse with higher switching speeds common to modern electronics and appliances and leads to increase in higher power line current harmonics. High current harmonics on the AC power line have many adverse effects like undesired overheating, stress on other equipment on the same line and product failure. H igher current harmonics can also lead to undesired high current in neutral conductor leading to overheating and burnout.

IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) has recognized the ill-effects of excessive current harmonics and presented standards to limit them. Many national and regional authorities like European Union have harmonized the IEC standards to ﬁt with their respective regions.

input ac components, noise interference with

PA1000 Power Analyzer 63

Applications examples

Measurement solution

The IEC61000-3 generated by equipment connected to the low voltage public distribution (Equipment input current <16A per phase).

The IEC61000-4-7 standard speciﬁes general guidelines on harmonics and interharmonics measruments and instrumentation, for power supply systems and equipment connected thereto.

Refer to the ofﬁcial IEC standard document for details on the requirements.

The PA1000 with PWRVIEW per IEC61000-3-2:2014 Ed.4 and IEC61000-4-7:2002+A1:2009 (including interharmonics).

The PA1000 pre-compliance test is designed to give engineers high level of conﬁdence, that their design will pass the full compliance IEC test when they are ready for certiﬁcation. PA1000 does not offer full compliance to the IEC standard. Where there are variances to the full implementation of the standard, a false-failure is the more likely outcom e , giving you conﬁdence that if pre-compliance testing passes, it w ill pass full compliance test with high level of certainty.

The PA1000 pre-compliance solution does not meet the following requirements of the IEC61000-3-2:2014 Ed.4 and IEC61000-4-7:2002+A1:2009 standard:

-2 standards speciﬁes the limits for the current harmonics

software enables engineers to test current harmonics

50dB ﬁltering of signals above the maximum harmonic

Various exceptions for pass fail criteria as detailed in in section 6.2.3.4. of

IEC 610 comparison of the average measurement of each harmonic to the limit and the maximum of each harmonic to 150% of the limit.)

Partial Odd Harmonic Content (POHC) as required for one of the exceptions

in section 6.2.3.4. is not calculated.

A repeatability test as deﬁned in section 6.2.3.1 of IEC61000-3-2 is not

implemented.

Full Class C waveform shape check as deﬁned in section 7.3, limits for class

C equipment of IEC61000-3-2.

Full AC source qualiﬁcation testing requiring the monitoring of the voltage

harmonics throughout the test as deﬁned in A.2 of IEC 61000-3-2. (The PA1000 pre compliance solution monitors that the test voltage stays within 2% of the of speciﬁed value and frequency stays within 0.5% of the speciﬁed value. It also chec ks that the source crest factor requirement is met, but does not continuously monitor the harmonic content or the wave shape of the AC voltage source)

00-3-2. (The determination of pass or fail will only be based on the

PWRVIEW software

64 PA1000 Power Analyzer

The IEC current harmonics test mode can be enabled through PWRVIEW PC software.

Applications examples

PWRVIVEW softw pre-compliance test has default settings for Class A, Class B, Class C and Class D based on the IEC standard. Please refer to the ofﬁcial IEC standard for details on what class you should use for your device under test.

Figure 21: IEC 61000-3-2 pre-compliance test running on PWRVIEW software

The pre-compliance software shows a live view of the current harmonics limits as a bar chart along with default limits for the selected clas s based on the IEC standard. (See Figure 21.)

are provides an easy setup for the IEC harmonics testing. IEC

Test setup

The individual harmonics that exceed the average limits are represented by yellow bars and the once that exceed the absolute lim it for that class are represented by red color. The harmonics that stay below the prescribed limit are represented by green bars. The default time for running the test is two minutes and thirty seconds but users can select a longer or a shorter time based on their requirements. The test will also display real time values of Arms, Amps fundamental, Power, Power Factor, Frequency, Vrms. Alternatively users can select to view live data in table form by clicking on the table radio button.

The next section describes the test setup and features in detail.

Equipment required: PA1000, Breakout box (BB1000), PC with PWRVIEW software (version: 1.1.7.xxx or up) installed, safety test leads and device under test (DUT).

PA1000

Breakout box (BB1000)

PC with PWRVIEW software installed (version: 1.1.7.xxx or above)

Safety test leads

Device under test (DUT)

PA1000 Power Analyzer 65

Applications examples

Use these steps

1. Setup PA1000 and the break out box (BB1000) using color coded test leads. The BB1000 Bre under test to your PA1000. (See Figure 22.)

to perform a pre-compliance IEC current harmonics test.

akout box provides a safe and easy way to connect a device

Figure 22: Connection diagram for IEC 61000-3-2 pre-compliance current harmonics test

2. Use e

3. Connect the power cables for PA1000 and break out box and power them on.

4. Connect the USB cable from the PA1000 back panel to the PC with latest

5. Use the input AC socket on the break out box to safely connect device under

6. Open the PWRVIEW software on the connected PC.

7. Add a new instrument by clicking on the Add button.

ither 20A or 1A shunt terminal based on the DUT load speciﬁcations.

PWRVIEW software installed.

test.

66 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Applications examples

Figure 23: software

8. Once connected, the selected PA1000 will appear as a new tab on the Setup

9. Select the Pre Compliance Harmonics option within the Applications /

Connecting a power analyzer for the ﬁrsttimeusingthePWRVIEW

page.

Tes t s group in the left panel, and then click Apply.

Figure 24: Pre-compliance harmonics test setup

10. Notice that the Mode in the Settings area changes to Harm onics.

11. Most of the options in the settings area are greyed out for the IEC current

harmonics test. However, you can select internal shunt or scaling if required by the device under test.

12. Click the Tes t tab on the top ribbon to show the IEC Precompliance harmonics test page

PA1000 Power Analyzer 67

Applications examples

13. On the Test tab, customer the test is for, and the name of the product under test can be deﬁned in the top panel.

Figure 25: Test environment and other important information setup

14. In the IEC Precompliance drop-down selection box, select either Class A, Class B, Class C <25W, Class C >25W, Class C Wave, or Class D based on the class deﬁnition of the device under test. For more information about respective classes, please refer to ofﬁcial IEC standards document.

information about the laboratory performing the test, the

Figure 26: Select load class based on IEC standard

15. You can a lso select expected source frequency, source voltage, and your desired test time in the left panel.

16. Once all the selections are made, click the blue Start button on the top to start the test.

68 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Applications examples

17. The IEC pre-com data on the panel.

Figure 27: IEC 61000-3-2 pre-compliance test

18. You can choose between the Graph view or Table view to monitor the harmonics.

pliance test will start updating the bar g raph along with

Figure 28: Table view for IEC 61000-3-2 pre-compliance test

19. The test will run for the time you speciﬁed. The default for the test run, as deﬁned by the standards, is 2 minutes 30 seconds. You can choose a longer time duration if the run cycle for the product is longer (for example, washing machines).

20. Test Status in the left panel will reﬂect the ﬁnal result as Pass or Fail.

21. The Results tab can be used to see the test summary. It also shows general

results and a ﬁnal test graph. You can select between graph view and table view.

PA1000 Power Analyzer 69

Applications examples

Figure 29: Results summary for IEC 61000-3-2 pre-compliance test

22. Harmonics R esults on the Results tab provides a test summary with scroll bars for time and amplitude. Use this view to trace the test in time to ﬁnd issues (horizontal scroll bar) or to scale the amplitude to check lower value harmonics that might not be visible on the full screen (vertical scroll bar).

ure 30: Harmonics results with scroll bars for time and amplitude

Fig

23.Af

70 PA1000 Power Analyzer

ull PDF report for the test can be generated from Results tab. Alternatively,

you can download corresponding data as a .CSV ﬁle from the Reports menu.

Applications examples

Figure 31

: PDF report for IEC61000-3-2 pre-compliance test

PA1000 Power Analyzer 71

Speciﬁcations

Speciﬁcation

Measurement channel

Voltage c onnections

20 A current connection

1 A current connection

Measuremen

Differential input impedance: 1 Mohm in parallel with 22 pF

High and low input impedance to ground: 36 p F (typical)

Measurem

50 A

RMS

12.5 mΩ

High and low input capacitance to ground: 62 pF (typical)

Continuous rating: 1 A

Imped

High and low isolated from ground. Stray capacitance to ground: 62 pF

ical)

(typ

ts to 600 V

ents to 100 A

for 1 second non-repetitive

ance: 0.6 Ω nominal

, DC and 10 Hz to 1 MHz, continuous

RMS

,20A

,2Apk, DC and 10 Hz to 1 MHz

RMS

, DC and 10 Hz to 1 MHz, continuous

RMS

External current

Power input

connection

Protected by a user-replaceable fuse. Refer to Appendix A for fuse

lacement instructions. (See page 81, Input fuse replacement.)

rep

Measurements to 1.25 V

50 V

High and low input impedance to ground: 62 p F (typical)

AC input voltage = 100 – 240 V, 50/60 Hz

Protection=2xT1AH,250V,5x20mmfuses

Consumption = 25 VA max.

for 1 second

peak

, DC and 10 Hz to 1 MHz, continuous

peak

72 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Mechanical and environmental

Speciﬁcations

Dimensions (typical)

Weight (typ

ical)

Dielectric strength

Storage temperature

Operating temperature

Maximum operating

altitude

Height: 102 mm (4.0”) with feet

Width: 223 mm (8.8”) without handle, 260 mm (10.2”) with handle

Depth: 285 mm (11.2”) without handle, 358 mm (14.1”) with handle

3.2 Kg (7.05 lb) with handle

Mains supply inlet (Live + Neutral to earth): 1.5 kVAC

Voltage measurement inputs: 1 kV

Current measurement inputs: 1 kV

-20 ºC to

0ºCto40ºC(32°Fto104°F)

2000 m (6562 ft)

+60ºC(-4°Fto140°F)

peak

to earth

Maximum relative humidity

80%fortemperaturesupto31°C(88°F)decreasinglinearlyto50%relative humidity at 40 °C (104 °F)

PA1000 Power Analyzer 73

Speciﬁcations

Communicatio

IEEE 488 / G PI

n ports

The PA1000 is ﬁtted with IEEE488 / GPIB, USB host, USB client and Ethernet ports as standard.

The IEEE 488 port is compatible with 488.1. Standard GPIB cables will work with the PA1000.

Pin Signal name Pin Signal name

1 Data 1 13 Data 5

2 Data 2 14 Data 6

3 Data 3 15 Data 7

4 Data 4 16 Data 8

End or Identify (EOI)

Data Valid (DAV)

Not Rea

Not Data Accepted (NDAC)

Interface Clear (IFC)

Serv

dy For Data (NRFD)

ice Request (SRQ)

Remote Enable (REN)

GND

USB host

Attention (ATN)

Shield Ground

GND

One port on the front.

250 mA, +5 V supply.

USB ﬂash drive requirements:

The USB ﬂash drive must be formatted with FAT12, FAT16 or FAT32 ﬁle

systems.

Sector size must be 512 bytes. Cluster size up to 32 kB.

Only Bulk Only Mass Storage (BOMS) devices which support the SCSI o r

AT command sets are supported. For more information on BOMS devices refer to Universal Serial Bus Mass Storage Class – Bulk Only Transport Rev.

1.0, published by the USB Implementers Forum.

Pin Description

+5 V (output)

D- (input and output)

74 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Pin Description

Speciﬁcations

USB peripheral

Ethernet port

USB 2.0 comp

atible. Will work with any USB 2.0 system.

D+ (input and o

0 V (output)

Test and Measurem ent class device

Full Speed (12 Mbits/sec).

Pin Description

VBus (input)

D- (input and output)

D+ (input and output)

0 V (input)

IEEE 802.3 compatible, 10Base-T

Connector: RJ-45 with Link and Activity indicators

TCP/IP connection on port 5025

utput)

Pin Signal name

1Tx+

2Tx-

3Rx+

6Rx-

Common

mmon

ommon

Common

Status indicator LEDs:

Green – Connection established

Yellow – Data activity

PA1000 Power Analyzer 75

Speciﬁcations

Measured parameters

Table 5: Phase measurements

Abbreviation Description Units Formula

RMS

RMS Voltage

RMS

RMS Current

F Frequency

W True Power

PF Power

Factor

VA Apparent

Power

VAr Reactive

Power

VPk+

(+)ve Peak Voltage

VPk-

(-)ve Peak Voltage

APk-

APk+

(+)ve Peak

Curren

(-)ve Peak

Curren

Volt (V)

Amp (A)

Hertz (Hz)

Watt (W)

Volt-Amps (VA)

Volt-Amps Reactive (VAr)

Volt (V)

Amp (A)

DC Voltage Volt (V)

DC CurrentAmp (A)

Voltage Crest Factor

Current Crest Factor

Voltage

Total

Harmon Distortion

Voltage

rtion

Disto

Factor

76 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Table 5: Phase measurements (cont.)

Abbreviation Description Units Formula

Speciﬁcations

Current

% Tota l Harmonic Distortion

Current

% Distortion Factor

Z Impedance

R Resistance

X Reactance

Voltage

Ohm (θ)

Ohms (Ω)

Volt (V) harmonic n

Current

Amp (A) harmonic n

f = real part of fundamental V or I fundamental q=imaginary or quadrature part of V or I V and I fundamental are complex numbers in the form r+jq

Power polarity

Table 6: Power polarity

Measurement –180 ° to –90 ° –90 ° to 0 ° 0 ° to +90 ° +90 ° to +180 °

Watts

VAr

–++–

++++

PA1000 Power Analyzer 77

Speciﬁcations

Digital ﬁlter

Measurement accuracy

10 kHz FIR w/1 dB @ 10 kHz and 60 dB @ 100 kHz

The table below lists the formulae for calculating the accuracy speciﬁcation for each measurement.

In the equations below:

It is assumed the waveform measured is a sine wave.

F is the frequency measured in kHz.

Fh is the harmonic frequency in kHz.

hn is the harmonic number

V is the voltage measured in Volts.

I is the current measured in Amps.

Θ is the phase angle in degrees (i.e. phase of the current with reference to

the voltage).

=12.5mΩ when the 20 A shunt is selected and 0.6 Ω when the 1 A

EXT

shunt is selected.

All speciﬁcations are valid 23 °C ±5 °C.

Temperature coefﬁcient ±

Parameter Speciﬁcation

Voltage–V

Ranges 1000 V, 500 V, 200 V, 100 V, 50 V, 20 V, 10 V

45 – 850 Hz Accuracy

RMS

10 Hz – 45 Hz, 850 Hz –

RMS

1 MHz, Accuracy (typical)

DC Accuracy ±0.1% of reading ±0.1% of range ± 0.05 V

Effect of Common Mode (typical)

Voltage – Harmonic magnitude and phase (typi cal)

10 Hz – 480 kHz Accuracy

RMS

, V

±0.04% of reading ±0.04% of range ±0.005 V

±0.1% of reading ±0.1% of range ± (0.02 * F)% of reading ±0.05 V

100 V, 100 kHz <500 mV

±0.2% of reading ±0.1% of range ±(0.04 * Fh)% of reading ±0.05 V

0.02% of reading / °C, 0 to 18 °C, 28 to 40 °C.

peak

Phase

Voltage–V

Peak Accuracy

pk+,Vpk-

, crest factor

±0.04 ±[0.01 * (Vrange / Vreading)] ±(0.1 / Vrange) ±(0.005 * Fh)

±0.5% of R eading ± 0.5% of Range + (0.02 * F)% of reading ±0.5 V

78 PA1000 Power Analyzer

Tektronix PA1000 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual