Tektronix P7708, P7716, P7720, P7713 User Manual

x
P7700 Series TriMode™ Probes
ZZZ
User Manual
*P071342102*
071-3421-02
xx
P7700 Series TriMode™ Probes
ZZZ
User Manual
www.tek.com
071-3421-02
Copyright © Tektronix. All rights reserved. Licens ed software products are owned by Tektronix or its subsidiaries or suppliers, and are protected by national copyright laws and international treaty provisions.
Tektronix products are covered by U.S. and foreign patents, issued and pending. Information in this publication supersedes that in all previously published material. Specications and price ch ange privileges reserved.
TEKTRONIX and TEK are registered trademarks of Tektronix, Inc.
TriMode and TekFlex are both trademarks of Tektronix, Inc.
Contacting Tektronix
Tektronix, Inc. 14150 SW Karl Braun Drive P.O . B ox 5 0 0 Beaverton, OR 97077 USA
For product information, sales, service, and technical support:
In North America, call 1-800-833-9200. Worldwide, visit www.tek.com to nd contacts in your area.
Warranty
Tektronix warrants that this product will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one (1) year from the date of shipment. If any such product proves d efective during this warranty period, Tektronix, at its option, either will repair the defective product without charge for parts and labor, or will provide a replacement in exchange for the defective product. Parts, modules and replacement products used by Tektronix for warranty work may be new or reconditioned to like new performance. All replaced parts, modules and products become the property of Tektronix.
In order to obtain service under this warranty, Customer must notify Tektronix of the defect before the expiration of the warranty period and make suitable arrangements for the performance of service. Customer shall be responsible for packag ing and shipping the defective product to the service center designated by Tektronix, with shipping charges prepaid. Tektronix shall pay for the return of the product to Customer if the shipment is to a location within the country in which the Tektronix service center is l o cated. Customer shall be responsible for paying all shipping charges, duties, taxes, and any other charges for products returned t o any other locations.
This warranty shall not apply to any defect, failure or da m age caused b y improper use or improper or inadequate maintenance and care. Tektronix shall not be obligated to furnish service under this warranty a) to repair damage resulting from attempts by personnel other than Tektronix representatives to install, repair or service the product; b) to repair damage resulting from improper use or connection to incompatible equipment; c) to repair any damage or malfunction caused by the use of non-Tektronix supplies; or d) to s ervice a product that has been modied or integrated with other products when the effect of such modication or integration increases the time or difculty of servicing the product.
THIS WARRANTY IS GIVEN BY TEKTRONIX WITH RESPECT TO THE PRODUCT IN LIEU OF ANY OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. TEK TRONIX AND ITS VENDORS DISCLAIM ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. TEKTRONIX' RESPONSIBILITY TO REPAIR OR REPLACE DEFECTIVE PRODUCTS IS THE SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY PROVIDED TO THE CUSTOMER FOR BREACH OF THIS WARRANTY. TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IRRESPECTIVE OF WHETHER TEKTRONIX OR THE VENDOR HAS ADVANCE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. [W2 – 15AUG04]
Table of Contents
Importantsafety information................................................................................................................ iii
General safety summary. . ............................................................................................................ iii
Terms in this manual .. . ............................................................................................................... iv
Symbols and terms on the product.................................................................................................... v
Compliance information .................................................................................................................... vi
Environmental considerations ........................................................................................................ vi
Preface..................................................................................................................................... vii
Probe models ........................................................................................................................ vii
Documentation....................................................................................................................... vii
Key features ................................................................................................................................ 1
Operating considerations................................................................................................................... 2
Installation .................................................................................................................................. 4
Overview .............................................................................................................................. 4
Connect to the host instrument ....................................................................................................... 5
Connect P7700 accessories to the TekFlex connector . ............................................................................. 7
Probe comp box controls and indicators ............................................................................................. 8
Table of Contents
Functional check andcalibration.......................................................................................................... 11
Functional check..................................................................................................................... 11
TriMode probe DC calibration .......................................................................................................18
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual i
Table of Contents
Basic operation ............................................................................................................................ 24
Probe handling best practices............................................................................................................. 64
S-parameter information................................................................................................................... 66
Accessories and options .................................................................................................................. 67
Maintenance ............................................................................................................................... 74
Index
Probe setup screen .................................................................................................................. 28
Improving measurement accuracy .................................................................................................. 36
Connecting to a circuit board . . . ..................................................................................................... 45
Standard accessories. . .............................................................................................................. 67
Optional accessories................................................................................................................. 70
Host instrument rmware............................................................................................................ 74
Browser tip replacement............................................................................................................. 75
Error conditions ...................................................................................................................... 76
Handling the probe................................................................................................................... 79
Cleaning the probe................................................................................................................... 80
Returning theprobe for servicing.................................................................................................... 81
ii P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual
Important safety information
This manual contains information and warnings that must be followed by the user for safe operation and to keep the product in a safe condition.
General safety summary
Use the product only a s specied . Review the following safety precautions to avoid injury and prevent damage to this product or any products connected to it. Carefully read all instructions. Retain these instructions for future reference.
This product is not intended for detection of hazardous voltages.
Observe all terminal ratings. To avoid re or shock hazard, observe all ratings and markings on the product. Consult the
product manual for further ratings information before making connections to the product.
Do not ap ply a potential to any terminal, including the c ommon terminal, that exceeds the maximum rating of that terminal.
Do not operate without covers. Do not operate this product with covers or panels removed, or with the case open. Hazardous
voltage exposure is possible.
Avoid exposed circuitry. Do not touch exposed connections and components when power is present.
Do not operate in wet/damp conditions. Be a wa re that condensation may occur if a unit is moved from a cold to a warm
environment.
Important safety information
Do not operate in an explosive atmosphere.
Keep product surfaces clean and dry.
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual iii
Remove the input signals before you clean the product.
Important safety information
Probes and test leads
Remove all probes, test leads and accessories that are not in use.
Inspect the probe and accessories. Before each use, inspect probe and accessories for damage (cuts, tears, or defects in the
probe body, accessories, or cable jacket). Do not use if damaged.
Useonspecified replacement parts.
Termsinthismanual
These terms may appear in this manual:
WARNING. Warning statements identify conditions or practices that could result in injury or loss of life.
CAUTION. Caution statements identify conditions or practices that could result in damage to t his product or other property.
iv P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Symbols and terms on the product
These terms may appear on the product:
DANGER indicates an injury hazard immediately accessible as you read the marking.
WARNING indicates an injury hazard not immediately accessible as you read the marking.
CAUTION indicates a hazard to property including the product.
When this symbol is marked on the product, be sure to consult the manual to nd out the nature of the potential hazards and any actions which have to be taken to avoid them. (This sym bol may also be used to refer the user to ratings in the manual.)
The following symbol(s) may appear on the product:
Important safety information
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual v
Compliance information
Compliance information
This section lists the environmental standards with which the instrument complies.
Environmental considerations
This section provides information about the environmental impact of the prod uct.
Product end-of-life handling
Observe the following guidelines when recycling an instrument or compo nent:
Equipment recycling. Production of this equipment required the extraction and use of natural resources. The equ ipment may
contain substances that cou ld be harmful to the environment or human health if improperly handled at the pro duct’s end of life. To avoid release of such substances into the environment and to reduce the use of natural resources, we en courage you to recycle this product in an appropriate system that will ensure that most of the materials are reused or re cycled appropriately.
This symbol indicates that this product complies with the applicable European Union requirements according to Directives 2012/19/EU and 2006/66/EC on waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) and batteries. For information about recycling op tions, check the Tektronix Web site (www.tek.com/productrecycling).
vi P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual
Preface
This manual describes the installation and operation of the P7700 Se ries TriMode Probes. Basic probe operations and concepts are presented in this manual. All documents listed below are accessible from the Tektronix Web site (www.tek.com/manuals).
Probe models
These P7700 Series TriMode Probe family includes these models:
P7708 8 GHz
P7713 13 GHz
P7716 16 GHz
P7720 20 GHz
Documentation
To read about Use these documents
Installation and Operation (overviews) Read this manual for information about how to set up and use your probe.
In-Depth Operation Use the technical reference manual and this manual.
Specications Use the technical reference manual.
Reordering accessories
Preface
Use the Accessories and Options section or refer to the insert in your accessory kit when reordering accessories.
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual vii
Preface
viii P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual
Key features
The P7700 Series TriMode Probes allow you to take differential, single-ended, and common mode measurements with one probe connection. Key features includ e:
Low loading for low power circuits
Thin solder-in tips that can tintotight
spaces on a device under test
Flexible solder-in tips and main probe cable
Lightweight probe cable and head
TekFlex™ connector technology that makes the probe easy to connect to accessories
Optional 2.92 mm adapter for connecting to 50 RF test points
Browser accessory with adjustable tips and headlight
Full AC calibration of the probe and accessory tips with unique S-parameters
Key features
Solder-in tips operate at extended temperature range
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 1
Operating considerations
Operating considerations
Table 1: P7700 Series TriMode probes
Characteristic Description Specication
Input Voltage Dynamic range
Operating voltage window
Offset voltage range
Maximum non­destructive input voltage
Temperature
Non-operating
TekFlex solder-in tips
2.5 Vpp (single­ended)
5.0 Vpp (differential input)
±5.25 V ±10.0 V ±4.0 V
-4 V to +4 V -10 V to +10 V -4 V to +4 V
-15 V to +15 V (tip attached or detached)
Probe compensation box: 0 °C to 45 °C (32 °F to 113 °F)Operating
Probe cable, solder tips, and P77292MM adapter: -35 °C to 85 °C (-31 °F to 185 °F); Minimum Airow required 46°C to 85°C (114.8 °F to 185 °F)
Probe compensation box: -20 °C to 60 °Cg (-4 °F to 140 °F)
Probe cable, solder tips, and P77292MM adapter: -35 °C to 85 °C (-31 °F to 185 °F)
P77BRWSR P77C292MM adapter
6.0 Vpp (single­ended)
12.0 Vpp (differential input)
1.2 Vpp (single­ended)
2.0 Vpp (differential input)
-5Vto+5V
2 P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual
Operating considerations
Characteristic Description Specication
TekFlex solder-in
P77BRWSR P77C292MM adapter
tips
Humidity
Operating Probe Compensation Box, C able, Tips, and SMA adapter: 20% to 80%
Relative Humidity (%RH) at up to 45°C non-condensing
Non-operating
Probe Compensation Box, Cable, Tips, and P772 92MM adapter: 10% to 90% (Relative Humidity), non-condensing
Altitude Non-operating
Probe Compensation Box, Cable, Tips, and SMA adapter: 12,000 meters (39,370 feet)
Pollution Degree 2, Indoor use only
CAUTION. To avoid ESD damage to the probe, always use an antistatic wrist strap (provided with your probe), and work at
a static-approved workstation when you handle the probe.
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 3
Installation
Installation
Before you connect the probe to your instrument, read the Overview below to understand the sequence of events necessary to properly install the probe and adapters.
CAUTION. To avoid ESD damage to the probe, always use an antistatic wrist strap (provided with your probe), and work at
a static-approved workstation when you handle the probe.
Overview
1. Connect the probe to the host instrument.
If it is the rst time the probe has been connected to the oscilloscope, the oscilloscope will download the S-parameters stored in the probe. Once the oscilloscope has stored the S-paramete rs for the probe, it doesn’t matter which channel the probe is plugged into. The stored S-parameters will be available for any channel the probe is moved to.
2. Connect the probe t ip to the TekFlex connector on the probe.
When a tip is inserted into the probe for the rst time, the oscilloscope will download the S-parameter data stored in the tip.
3. The p
4. Open the Calibration menu (found in the Vertical menu).
5. Perform the DC probe calibration procedure using the DC probe cal xture that ships standard with each probe. (See page 18,
6. Use the Probe Setup screen to set the probe parameters as described in the Basic Operation section.
4 P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual
robe performs a self test, and then one Input Mode LED remains on.
TriMode probe DC calibration.)
Connect to the host instrument
NOTE. Your TekConnect instrument may
require a rmware upgrade to support full functionality of the P7700 Series probes. Before you connect the probe, check the version requirements. (See page 74, Host instrument rmware.)
1. Slide the probe into the TekConnect receptacle. The probe clicks into place when fully engaged.
2. Optional. Turn the thumbscrew clockwise (nger-tight only) to secure the probe to the instrument.
Disconnect
3. To disconnect, turn the thumbscrew
counter-clockwise.
4. Press the latch release button and pu ll the probe away from the instrument.
Installation
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 5
Installation
Probe and probe tip power-on
After the con nection to the oscilloscope is made:
1. The probe briey turns on all LEDs during a self-test, and then the A – B Input Mode LED remains on. If a probe tip is attached, an LED on the tip also turns on when properly attached to the probe.
2. The probe transfe rs data from the probe and tip to the host instrument, and a message displays on the instrument as the transfer occurs.
The data transfer takes a few minutes, and is only don e when the host instrument discovers a new probe or new probe tip. The data transfer only occurs on instruments that are fully compatible with the probe.
3. After the data transfer is done, the probe is ready for a fun c tional check and calibration. (See page 11, Functional check.)
NOTE. If the probe’s warning light remains on, the power-on self-test likely failed.
(See page 76, Error conditions.)
6 P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual
Connect P7700 accessories to the TekFlex connector
All of the P7700 accessories mate with the new TekFlex (zero insertion force) connector. This connector provides an easy connection with one handed operation for attaching to the P7700 series accessories. T he following procedures show the steps for connecting probe tips to the TekFlex conne ctor; the procedures for connecting to other accessories are similar.
Connect the tip to the probe TekFlex connector as follows:
1. Pinch the TekFlex connector to open the
jaws.
2. Orient the tip with the probe head (notch to
the left) and slide the tip connector into the TekFlex connector.
A green LED will light up when the tip is inserted. The LED is the rst indication that the tip is powered and is inserted. You also need to conrm that the connector p in s on the TekFlex connector t through the alignment holes on the tip.
3. Once the tip is fully inserted, release the
pinch and the TekFlex connector closes. When closed and properly seated, the top of connector will be ush with the probe tip housing.
Installation
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 7
Installation
Probe comp box controls and indicators
Input mode buttons and LEDs
The P7700 Series solder-in tips support TriMode operation. TriMode enables you to switch the probe between four different measurement types without changing the probe’s connection:
NOTE. You can also change the Input Mode in the oscillosco pe Probe Setup screen.
Press the Input Mode button to select one of the four TriMode measurements. The modes cycle in the following sequence:
A – B (for differential signal measurement)
A – GND (for A inp ut single-ended measurement)
B – GND (for B inp ut single-ended measurement)
(A+B)/2–GND(forcommonmode measurement)
8 P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual
Installation
Warning LED
The Warning LED glows amber under the following conditions:
Probe power-on self test failure
Probe tip over-temperature detected
The input voltage on either the A or B input exceeds the allowable limit
The Warning LED clears when the condition causing the warning is removed. A notier message of a probe warning condition can also be seen on the oscilloscope.
CAUTION. Do not exceed the input voltage limits of the probe and probe tips. The probe or oscilloscope circuits may be damaged
if the limits are exceeded. Make sure that you understand and work within the limits of the pro be and probe tips.
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 9
Installation
TriMode probing
TheTriModefeatureallowsyoutoview two single-ended s ignals and the resultant differential waveform and common-mode voltage without moving the probe connection. Press the Input Mode button to cycle through the waveform views.
This example shows a typical signal on the A and B inputs. The resultant differential waveform and common-mode voltage are shown.
10 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Functional check and calibration
After you connect the probe to the oscilloscope, you can perform a functional check using either the optional deskew xture designed for the probe or the optional P77C292MM Adapter.
CAUTION. To avoid ESD damage to the probe, always use an antistatic wrist strap (provided with your probe), and work at
a static-approved workstation when you handle the probe.
Functional check
This procedure checks the four TriMode settings on the probe, using the FAST EDGE signal from the front panel of the oscilloscope. It veries the signal path o f both the probe A and B input signals and their combination in the four TriMode settings. The P7700 Series Probe deskew xture is used to connect the FAST EDGE signal to the probe tip input. (See Table 2.) Alternately, the P7700 Series probe with the optional coaxial input adapter can connect directly to the FAST EDGE signal. (See Table 3 on page 12.)
Table 2: Required equ ipment, functional check with probe tip
Item Description Performance Requirement Recommended Example
Oscilloscope TekConnect Interface Tektronix MSO/DPO70000C/70000DX
Probe tip
Test board
Solder tip or Browser tip P77STFLXA
Probe deskew xture P 77DESKEW
Functional check and calibration
1
2
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 11
Functional check and calibration
Table 2: Required equipment, functional check with probe tip (cont.)
Item Description Performance Requirement Recommended Example
USB cable assembly USB 2.0, A male to Micro B male, 1 m 174-6919-xx (included with
Coaxial cable SMA, 50, male-to-male
1
Nine-digit part numbers (xxx-xxxx-xx) are Tektronix part numbers
2
Optional accessory
Table 3: Required equipment, functional check with SMA adapter
Item Description Performance Requirement Recommended Example
Oscilloscope TekConnect Interface Tektronix MSO/DPO70000C/70000DX
SMA adapter Coaxial input SMA adapter P77C292MM
1
Optional accessory
1
P77DESKEW)
174-1120-xx
1
12 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Functional check and calibration
Test setup with the P77DESKEW Fixture
1. Connect the probe to any channel (1-4)
of the oscilloscope (connection to CH4 is shown). Set the oscilloscope to display the connected channel.
2. Connect the USB cable assembly supplied
with the P77DESKEW xture between the USB connector on the xture board and a USB connector on the host oscilloscope. Several white LEDs under the xture Port1 and Port2 probe tip clamps will light up when the xtu re is attached to USB power.
3. Connect an SMA cable from the FAST
EDGE output connector on the oscilloscope to the A input of the Probe Deskew Fixture.
4. Connect a P7700 Series probe tip to either the Port1 or Port2 on the P77DESKEW xture. If a TekFlex solder-in tip is used
to make this connection, its tip input should be inserted into the plastic clamp of the deskew xture port. This is done by compressing the spring-loaded clamp, inserting the probe tip input into the clamp, and then releasing the clamp so that it locks the connection.
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 13
Functional check and calibration
An additional set of green LEDs will light up under the probe tip clamp when the solder-down probe tip is properly inserted into the clamp.
Finally, connect the TekFlex connector at the end of the probe main cable to the probe tip inserted into the deskew xture port. An LED on the probe tip will also light up when the tip is properly inserted into the TekFlex connector of the probe.
5. If a P77BRWSR tip is used instead of a solder-down tip to make connection to the Deskew Fixture, th e TekFlex connector of the probe should rst be connected to the P77BRWSR tip. The P77BRWSR tip inputs must t hen be pressed into place against the A and B signal traces on the P77DESKEW xture board edge, located between the Port1 and Port2 clamps. Either of the two sets of A and B signal trace connection patterns located on the P77DESKEW xture board edge may be used.
14 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Functional check and calibration
Test setup with the P77C292MM adapter
1. Connect the probe to any channel (1-4)
of the oscilloscope (connection to CH4 is shown). Set the oscilloscope to display the connected channel. Connect the probe to the P77C292MM adapter.
2. Connect the A cable from the P77C292MM
adapter to the FAST E DGE output connector on the oscilloscope. Leave the B cable disconnected for now.
Test procedure
1. Set the prob e Input Mode to A-B.
2. Adjust the oscilloscope to display a stable waveform (or press the Autoset button). The FAST EDGE signal is a 1 KHz square
wave. The amplitude of the FAST EDGE signal is attenuated b y 2X, compared to a single path termination, due to the power splitter built into the P77DESKEW xture.
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 15
Functional check and calibration
3. When you see a stable square waveform, check the amplitude (use the horizontal cursors). The atten uated amplitude displayed for a DPO70000 oscilloscope FAST EDGE signal routed throu gh the Deskew Fixture should be about 100 mVpp.
4. Cycle the Input Mode button through the remaining selections and compare the displayed waveforms to the waveform measured in the setup steps.
A-B
A-GND (same amplitude and polarity as preivously measured)
B-GND (the B input is grounded; no signal is measured)
(A+B)/2- GND (half-amp litude, but the same polarity as previously measured)
16 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
5. Change the FAST EDGE cable connection
from the Deskew Fixture A input to the B input. If using the P77CSMAMM adapter, disconnect the A SMA cable from the FAST EDGE output and connect the SMA B cable. Repeat the displayed waveform checks. The measurements should be different as follows:
A-B (the polarity of the signal will be inverted due to the B signal inversion, although the p-p amplitude should be the same)
A-GND (the A input is grounded; no signal is measured)
B-GND (same amplitude but non-inverted polarity compared to the A-B mode)
(A+B)/2- GND (half-amp litude, but the same polarity as measured in the B-GND mode)
Functional check and calibration
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 17
Functional check and calibration
TriMode probe DC calibration
To maximize the amplitude accuracy of measurements made with a P7700 series probe, you should run a probe calibration routine on each channel that you use. The probe calibration operation minimizes measurement errors by optimizing the DC gain and offset of the probe. I ndividual calibration constants are stored for all TriMode settings, on each probe, on each channel.
CAUTION. To avoid ESD damage to the probe, always use an antistatic wrist strap (provided with your probe), and work at
a static-approved workstation when you handle the probe.
Table 4: Required equipment, DC calibration
Item Description Performance Requirement Recommended Example
Oscilloscope TekConnect Interface Tektronix MSO/DPO70000C/70000DX
Probe tip or
SMA adapter
Test xture Probe DC calibration xture
Coaxial cable BNC, 50, male-to-male
1
Nine-digit part numbers (xxx-xxxx-xx) are Tektronix part numbers
2
P77STCABL, P77BRWSR, and P77C292MM are optional accessories
3
Standard accessory included with probe
Solder tip or Browser tip
Coaxial input SMA adapter
P77STFLXA
P77C292MM
067-4889-xx
012-0208-xx
1
2
2
3
3
18 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Check the instrument c alibratio n status
The Calibration Status of the instrument Signal Path Compensation test must be Pass for the probe calibration routine to run.
1. From the Utilities menu, select Instrument
Calibration.
2. In the Calibration box, check that the
Status eld is Pass.
3. If the status is not pass, disconnect
all probes and signal sources from the oscilloscope, and run the Signal Path Compensation routine.
When the Signal Path compensation test status is Pass, continue calibrating the probe. (See page 20, Calibrate the probe.)
Functional check and calibration
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 19
Functional check and calibration
Calibrate the probe
1. Connect a BNC cable from the DC Probe Cal output connector on the oscilloscope to the BNC connector on the TriMode
DC Calibration board.
2. Connect the cable from the TekConnect adapter to the connector on the calibration board.
3. Connect the other end of the TekConnect adapter cable to the Aux In channel on the oscilloscope.
4. Connect the probe to any channel (1–4) of the oscilloscope. Allow the probe to warm up for 20 minutes.
5. Set the oscilloscope to display the channel.
6. Depending on your setups, do one of the following:
20 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Attach a P7700 Series probe tip to the TekFlex connector of the probe. For a solder-in probe tip open the xture’s tip clamp, insert the input end of the tip, then release the clamp. For a P77BRWSR browser tip, the browser’s pins should be pressed into the array of vias on the calibration xture.
NOTE. A set of green LEDs w ill light up under
the probe tip clamp when the solder-down probe tip is properly inserted into the clamp.
Functional check and calibration
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 21
Functional check and calibration
Attach a P77C292MM Adapter to the TekFlex connector of the probe. Connect the A and B cables from the adapter to the A and B connectors on the calibration xture.
22 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Functional check and calibration
7. In the oscilloscope menu bar, select
Vertical and then select Probe Cal.
The Probe Setup dialog box appears.
The probe calibration routine runs, optimizing the probe to the oscilloscope for both probe attenuation settings.
8. Select the Compensate Probe button.
The probe calibration routine runs, optimizing the probe to the oscilloscope for each input mode setting.
NOTE. A switching relay on the xture emits
a clicking sound when the calibration runs; this is normal.
9. When the calibration routine completes, Compensated appears in the Probe Status bo x.
NOTE. If the Probe Cal routine fails, check the connection of the tip to the probe body and the tip to the calibration board.
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 23
Basic operation
Basic operation
This section includes information about t he probe input limits, using the probe controls, and procedures for connecting the probe to your circuit.
Asimplified input model of the probe is shown below to illustrate the probe offset voltage controls. The probe has two symmetrical signal inputs, the A input and the B input, which you can display independently or in combination by selecting the appropriate probe input mode. The probe also has independent offset voltage cont rols for the probe A and B input signals.
Figure 1: Simplied probe inpu t model
24 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Basic operation
Offset voltage. The offset voltage adjusts the probe input dynamic range within the larger probe input operating range, as shown
in the following gure. The probe input dynamic range is the region where an input signal is within the linear operating region of the probe. The probe A and B offset voltages are set and stored as common settings for all fo ur input modes.
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 25
Basic operation
Figure 2: Input dynamic range for solder-in tips and browser
26 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Basic operation
Using the offset voltages
The offset voltage nulls out the DC bias component of an input signal, allowing the (generally smaller) AC component of the signal to be displayed. The size of the probe input dynamic range depends on the probe tip that you are using, as shown in the diagrams, and can also depend on the input mode selected. The probe input dynamic range limits are shown on the oscilloscope display with a momentary annunciating, arrow-tipped line, when the vertical scale setting is large enough.
To set the offset voltages on the probe, you can use the controls in the P robe Setup screen. (See page 28, Probe setup screen .)
To display the Probe Setup screen, select Probe Cal from the oscilloscope Vertical menu. You can also use the offset knobs on the oscilloscope to set the offset volta ge of the probe.
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 27
Basic operation
Probe setup screen
Use the Probe Setup screen to adjust the probe input settings for the measurement you are taking. To display the Probe Setup screen, select Probe Cal from the oscilloscope Vertical menu. The Probe Setup screen can be used to select the TriMode Input Mode setting and is also used to adjust the offset voltage controls for the probe tip A and B inputs.
The following pages describe the controls and status elds in the Probe Setup screen.
Figure 3: Probe setup screen
28 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Basic operation
Selecting the TriMode input mode
The Input Mode button on the probe toggles the internal pro be input selector switches among the four input mode selections. The input mode can also be selected from the drop-down menu in the Probe Setup screen. This TriMode feature allows full characterization of a differential signal from a single connection.
A-B mode. The A-B Mode is used for
making differential signal measurements and represents the tra ditional differential probe functionality. Since the A-B Mode measures the difference between the A and B input signals, it eliminates any common mode voltage, such as a DC bias common to both inputs, within the CMRR performance capability of the probe.
A-GND mode. The A-GND mode is used
for making single-ended measurements with the probe A input. The probe ground input connects the probe tip and main cable shield. The A-GND Mode is designed for minimal coupling from any signal present on the B input within the A input isolation performance of the probe.
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 29
Basic operation
B-GND mode. The B-GND mode is used for making single-ended measurements with the p robe B input. The probe ground input
connects the probe tip and main cable shield. The B-GND Mode is designed for minimal coupling from any s ignal present on the A input within the B input isolation performance of the probe.
(A+B)/2 mode. The (A+B)/2 Mode is used for making common mode measurements on a differential signal and represents a
capability that previously co uld only be made using oscilloscope math on multiple channels. For a differential signal, the common mode measurement indicates t he DC bias level and also shows the degree of asymmetry between the A an d B inputs. Since the (A+B)/2 Mode measures the average between the A and B input signals, it eliminates any complementary differential signal voltage, within the D MRR performance capability of the probe. This measurement also requires a ground connection to the probe.
30 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Basic operation
Selecting the offset voltage
You can set both the A and B offset voltages to levels that are common for all input modes.
Offset voltages may be a utomatically gene rated by the probe and can be set automatically using the Auto Offset button and two mode selection buttons in the Offset section of the Probe Setup screen. You can also enter s pecic offset values directly in the Offset elds.
There are four manual offset voltage value entry elds which also display the current offset voltage settings. An offset voltage entry eld is activated for adjustment by clicking in the setting window. A single click activates both the setting window and the general purpose knobs on the oscilloscope front panel. A second click in the setting window when activated also brings up a keypad entry window. Although all four offset voltage value entry elds are active, only two of the control pairs are independent. The manual controls interact with each other as follows:
Adjusting the A or B settings affects the Differential and Common settings
Differential = (A – B)
Common = (A + B)/2
Adjusting the Differential or Common settings affects the A and B settings
A = Common + (Differential/2)
B = Common – (Differential/2)
The oscilloscope vertical channel offset control also adjusts the selected Input mode offset voltage eld.
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 31
Basic operation
Auto Offset voltage set buttons
The probe A and B signal inputs are sensed, monitored, and averaged by probe internal circuitry and the sensed values are used by the automatic offset voltage control buttons.
Auto in Common. Click this selection to
select the common value Auto Offset mode. When this mode is selected and the Auto Offset button is pushed, the A and B offset elds are both set to the mean value between the A and B signal levels.
Auto Individually. Click this selection to
select the individual value Auto Offset mode. When this mode is selected and the Auto Offset button is pushed, Offset A offset is set to the average value of the A signal and Offset Bis set to the average value of the B signal.
Auto Offset. Push this button to initiate a m omentary Auto Offset cycle. The Offset A and Offset B values are automatically
set based on the selected Auto Offset mode and the A and B signal input voltages.
Tracking. When this box is selected, the probe continually measures the common mode voltage currently present on the inputs
of the probe. Using the measured common mode values the A, B, and CM offsets will be set automatically. When Tracking is enabled, the A, B, and CM offsets cannot be changed manua lly.
32 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Basic operation
The tracking function works best when measuring a differential sign al. When making single-ended measurements in Differential Input mode with a browser tip, set the offset voltage control manually so that the tracking mode will be shut off. If single-ended measurements are made with tracking mode active, the Offset A voltage will likely not be optimum and will be affected by the duty cycle of the A input signal. The Offset A voltage should be set man ually to the center of the A signal voltage swing.
Termination voltage
For the P77C292MM adapter, the termination voltage adjusts the effective probe DC loading of th e 50 input termination. Use the termination voltage to minimize the DC loading of the probe input signals. By setting the termination voltage equal to the DC bias voltage of the input signal, the probe DC loading is nulled out, as if a DC block was inserted. However, unlike a DC block, the signal DC voltage is still present at the probe input and might require you to adjust the Offset voltage to move the signal into the probe input dynamic range. There are some signal measurement applications that benet from the availability of an adjustable termination voltage and avoid the need for a pair of bias tees.
The probe A and B termination voltages are set and stored independently for each of the four input modes. When using the P77C292 MM adapter, the termination voltage can be adjusted over a limited operating range before reaching an overload condition.
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 33
Basic operation
A graph of the operating limits of the termination voltage with respect to the input voltage is shown for the P77C292MM adapter. The hi and lo lines represent the hysteresis sections and the limits are the points where the Overload light turns on.
34 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Basic operation
Probe tip information
NOTE. Probe tip ID is fully automatic. Manual selection is not requ ired.
When the probe is rst connected to the oscilloscope channel, the oscilloscope queries the probe for status information, including the probe type, serial number, and the mo del number of the tip that is connected to the probe. The rst time a probe o r probe tip is connected to a host oscilloscope, the probe and probe tip serial numbers are logged and the s tored S-parameters are downloaded. If the probe or probe tip are moved to another channel on the same oscilloscope, th e logged information is automatically processed without repeating the download process.
The Probe Controls described below are accessed using the Probe Controls selection from the oscilloscope Vertical menu.
Controls. Click on the Control button to display the Probe Controls screen. This screen displays a subset of the selections that
are available in the Probe Setup screen. The resulting shorter display height allows more room for the waveform display area.
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 35
Basic operation
Improving measurement accuracy
This section c overs some of the features and characteristics of the probe that can affect the accura cy of your measurements, and some steps that you can take to improve the performance of the probe.
P7700 Series probe architecture
The P7700 Series probe measurement setup, as shown in the simplied drawing below, requires a host TekConnect oscilloscope, a P7700 Series probe, and a P7700 Series active probe tip. An active probe tip includes a dual input buffer capable of driving the 50 ohm signal path of the probe TekFlex connector and probe main cable. The dual input buffer is designed for good matching of the A and B probe tip inputs to support differential measurements.
Figure 4: Simplied P7700 Series probe architecture diagram
36 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Basic operation
The probe tip dual input buffer also provides high DC resistance input attenuators, which are carefully designed to minimize high frequency loading on the input signals. The attenuation factor of the buffer input attenuators depends on the probe tip type. Using a different attenuation factor allows you to trade-off dynamic range for noise performance.
The P7700 Series probe comp box contains the main probe amp lier, as shown above. This main probe amplier has a differential input termination network that receives the buffered A and B input signals from the active probe tip. The main probe amplier in a P7700 Series probe has a TriMode input conguration for switching between differential, single-ended, and common-mode measurements. The probe main amplier has a wide gain range with variable gain control for calibrated gain performance and to optimize noise performance. The probe main amplier is also capable of driving the 50 ohm signal path of the probe TekConnect interface with the host oscilloscope.
Solder-in tip connection wire length
There are four via locations for soldering wire connections between the probe tip and the measurement DUT.
The via connections includ e the probe tip A and B inputs for a differential signal and two ground connections for best performance and exibility in connecting to a close DUT ground. In general, the probe tip soldered wire connection length should be kept as short as possible. In addition, the probe tip A and B input wires should be matched in length for best Differential mode measurement performance.
The Differential input mode does not require a ground reference wire connection , since the differential measurement process provides its own virtual ground. The single-ended input modes, w hich include A-GND mode, B-GND mode, and Com mon mode, all require at least one ground wire connection. However, if there is room for another connection and a circuit ground near the probe tip, hooking up a ground connection is recommended. This might help avoid a situation where a large potential on the ground plane of the DUT cau se s the test signal to drift outside of the linear range of the input amplier of the probe. Ideally, it is a good idea to hook up the differential inputs and the ground to avoid clipping of the signal in the probe amplier.
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 37
Basic operation
The measurement performance of the single-ended input modes is affected by the length of the ground wire connection, with high frequency performance degradation increasing with increased ground wire length. The P7700 Series solder-in probe tip performance is specied using a test xture built with a probe tip having a signal wire length of 10 mils (.25 mm) and a ground wire length of 66 mils (1.7 mm).
Please see the Specications Technical Reference manual available for down load at the Tektronix web site for more detailed specications on wire length a s it affects tip performance.
Using offset voltage to extend P7700 series solder-in tip input voltage range
The single-ended linear dynamic ra nge of the TekFlex solder-in tip inputs is specied to be 2.5 V
, which is a range from -1.25 V
p-p
to +1.25 V with zero volt offset. The dynamic range of P7700 Series buffers is limited by the input attenuation factor, which is 2X for the solder-in probe tips as shown in the simplied drawing. (See Figure 5.) A 2X attenuation factor was selected for the probe tips as a compromise between dynamic range and noise, since a higher attenuation factor would have increased probe noise. Although the dynamic range of the probe tip buffer cannot be extended, it is possible to extend the range over which the tip dynamic range window c a n be moved by adjusting the probe offset voltage. The offset voltage rang e of the TekFlex solder-in tips is -4 V to +4 V, which is adjusted using the Probe Setup screen of the oscilloscope or the offset knobs on the oscilloscope front panel. Using the offset voltage controls, it is possible to make measuremen ts within any 2.5 V
window between -5.25 V and
p-p
+5.25 V. For example, by setting the offset voltage to +3.0 V, it is possible to measure an HDMI signal, which has a signal swing between about +2.8 V and +3.3 V.
38 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Basic operation
Figure 5: Simplied drawing of input attenuation factor of the P7700 Series buffers
The offset voltage affects the probe tip buffer ’s measured signal through a resistive summer conguration that forms the buffer’s input attenuator network. The high value resistors used in the buffer’s input attenuator result in an interaction between the input signal and the offset voltage DC level.
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 39
Basic operation
Calibrated offset voltage performance requires that both the input signal and the offset voltage generator in the probe have a source resistance that is very small compared to the 25 kattenuator resistors. The source resistance of the offset voltage generator in the probe is less than an ohm. Typically, when the probe and tip are connected to a DUT, the DUT signals have a source resistance, RS, much less than 25 kΩ.
If a TekFlex solder-in tip is attached to a probe but not soldered to anything, the inputs will be open which effectively ma kes the source resistance look much larger than the 25 k attenuator resistors. As a result, the offset voltage control is no longer calibrated and will have 2X their calibrated effect on the measured probe output. This effect can be helpful in troubleshooting connection issues with the tips. If a probe tip has been soldered to a DUT and adjusting the offset voltage causes the offset to move 2X the adjustment, it could indicate a broken solder joint that has left the probe tip input open.
Making single-ended measurements using the P77BRWSR differential probe tip
Making single-ended measurements with a TriMode probe tip, such as a TekFlex solder-in tip, is quite straightforward, because a TriMode tip provides solder connections for a DUT ground reference for both the A and B probe inputs. Although the differential input mode of the P7700 Series probe is normally used to make a differential signal measurement, single-ended measurements can be made using Differential Input mode when the probe input connections and offset voltage controls are congured properly, This single-ended conguration process is particularly important to understand when using the P77BRWSR tip, since this variable-spacing Browser tip operates only in Differential Input mode. Differential Input mode provides a measurement of the difference (A – B) between the A and B input signals. If the probe tip B input is connected to a DUT ground, the resulting Differential Input mode measurement (A – 0 V) results in a display of the single-end ed A input signal response.
40 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Basic operation
When making differential signal measurements, the P77BRWSR Offset Voltage control is normally set to the Common-mode (CM) Tracking mode. With CM tracking mode active, the A and B input signals are monitored and the Offset A and Offset B settings are both adjusted to match the DC common-mode voltage of the A and B input signals [(A + B)/2]. When making single-ended measurements in Differential Input mode with a browser tip, the offset voltage control should be set manually, so tracking mode should be shut off. The Offset A voltage should be set manually to the center of the A signal voltage swing. For a +5 V CMOS logic signal; for example, the Offset A voltage should be set to +2.5 V. The A signal input voltage should then range from +5 V to 0 V, which is within the 6 V
dynamic range of the Browser tip as long as the offset voltage is set near the center of its expected
p-p
voltage swing. The Offset B voltage should also be set manually to 0 V. This Offset B voltage setting is not only at the center of the dynamic range for a grounded B input signal, it also causes t he differential offset voltage to equal the Offset A voltage. This is true because the differential offset voltage equals the difference between the Offset A voltage setting and the Offset B voltage setting. The differential offset voltage is used by the oscilloscope as the displa yed offset voltage in Differential Input mode.
With the P77BRWSR tip congured for a single-ended measurement in Differential Input mode, the displayed signal voltage should match the A input signal response and the displayed offset voltage should match the Offset A setting. Since the host oscilloscope uses both the displayed signal voltage and displayed offset voltage in calculating its set of available oscilloscope automated measurements, it is important that both the Differential Input mode signal voltage and offset voltage are congured properly as shown in the following gure. (See Figure 6.)
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 41
Basic operation
Figure 6: Proper conguration of the Differen tial Input mode signal and offset voltage
42 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Basic operation
The conguration process described in this section will maximize the available dynamic range of the P77BRWSR tip when making single-ended measurements.
Temperature compensation
The P7700 Series probes employ temperature compensation to optimize measurement accuracy. Whenever a probe setting is changed, such as Input Mode, Offset Voltage, or ve rtical scale factor, a temperature compensation update occurs. Continuous temperature compensation is not done to avoid introducing noise into the probe ampliers.
To maximize measurement accuracy when the probe is rst powered on from a cold start condition, you must allow the probe and oscilloscope a 20 minute warm-up period. After the warm-up period, you should adjust or toggle a probe setting, such as the vertical scale factor, to trigger the temperature compensation update. Otherwise, a cold temperature compensation value may be used, which would result in a small gain error.
DSP correction
The P7700 Series probes contain S-parameter characterization data for the probe, which is downloaded to the attached oscilloscope when the probe is rst connected. P7700 Series probe tips also contain S-parameter characterization data for the tip, which is also downloaded to the attached oscilloscope when the probe t ip is attached to the probe. This probe and tip characterization data is used to generate DSP correction lters that improves high freq uency measuremen t accuracy.
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 43
Basic operation
Solder tip measurement conguration
In many of the high-frequency signaling standards that the P7700 Series probes are designed for, a 50 termination at the transmitter is in parallel with another 50 termination at the end of the transmission line path, effectively making a 25 signal source impedance. In this application, the solder tip adapter measurement con guration is designed to pick off the transmitted signal at a location in the signal transmission path.
The input impedance for a solder tip, Z probe, varies with frequency. For a P77STxxxx tip the DC input resistance is about 50 k and decreases with frequency above about 10 MHz to about 100 a bove 10 GHz.
Figure 7: Solder tip measurement conguration
44 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Connecting to a circuit board
TriMode tips are necessary to complete the connection between the P7700 Series probes and your circuit. The tips are available as both standard and optional accessories and provide several connection options.
P77BRWSR browser and accessories (Pen wand and hands free Tri-Pod)
The browser connects to the circuit using two tips with very ne point tips. These tips have built-in compliance (0.02”, 0.5 mm) and adjustable spacing (.008-.210” (0.2-5.3 m m)). Thebrowsercanbeheldinplacewitha hand or can be used with the hands free Tri-Pod accessory or a probe positioner such as the Tektronix PPM203B. (See page 40,
Making single-ended measurements using the P77BRWSR differential probe tip.)
Basic operation
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 45
Basic operation
The browser is a differential only probe accessory, but can be used to measure ground referenced, single-ended circuits as well. When measuring a ground referenced signal, connect the A side (positive) input to the signal to be measured and the B side (negative) to the ground connection.
NOTE. The pins on the browser are small and delicate, so use caution when pressing them to make a conn ection.
If a probe tip breaks, it can be easily replaced. (See page 75, Browser tip replacement.)
46 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Flex circuit based solder tips
The ex circuit based solder tips are connected to the circuit using thin (38 AWG) wire connected to the vias on the tip. The step s to follow when soldering the tip to the circuit are shown in the soldering procedure section below.
The ex circuit based solder tips support TriMode operation. To use TriMode, a minimum of three connections are needed, the A and B side inputs and one of the ground connections.
Basic operation
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 47
Basic operation
The ex circuit based solder tips are made with ex circuit material and can be ben t and shaped to t around or into spaces where it is difcult to reach a test point.
The minimum bend radius for the ex tips is
1.0 in (25.4 mm). There is no impact on the
performance of the tip when it is bent into a curved shape that confo rms to bend radius limits.
Typical life for tips are 30 - 50 bending cycles before replacement is needed.
48 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
P77STCABL Solder-in Tip
The P77STCABL solder-in tips have similar input via connections for thin (38 AWG) wire. The steps to follow when soldering this tip to the circuit are identical to the ex circuit based solder tips and are shown in the soldering procedure section below. These tips are longer than the ex circuit based solder tips and are more exible.
These tips support TriMode operation. To use TriMode, a minimum of three connections are needed, the A and B side inputs and one of the ground connections.
NOTE. There is no exposed metal surface on the P77STCABL tip except for th e TriMode inputs and the TekFlex contacts.
Basic operation
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 49
Basic operation
P77C292MM, 2.92 mm Adapter
Use this adapter to connect a P7700 series probe to a DUT with 50 test point connectors. The adapter supports testing of serial standards such as HDMI, MIPI M-PHY, and Display Port; cables and retainer are included.
After connecting the adapter to the ex cable, use the retainer to provide a secure connection to the ex cable to minimize movement or to attach the adapter to the hand’s free tripod.
An accessory kit is available with linkage adapters for stacking the adapters.
50 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Tip soldering
CAUTION. This procedure uses equipment at high temperature. Avoid touching hot surfaces.
Recommended equipment.
Lead-free solder
4 mil diam eter (38AWG) wire (a spool of 38 AWG wire is included as a standard accessory with each P7700 Series probe)
MetCal Soldering S tation + UFTC-7CN04 (Conical UltraFine Soldering Cartridge, max tip temp 775 °F (412 °C)) or equivalent
Solder-Wick Rosin SD Size #1 (80-1-10) or equivalent
Tweezers and sharp wire cutters
Basic operation
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 51
Basic operation
Tip soldering procedure. Keep the wires short as possible for best signal delity. Soldering wires rst to the test points and
then attaching the P7700 Solder tips is the best way to keep wire lengths short.
1. Solder wires to the test points. Cut wires with different lengths. This will make it easier to thread the wires onto the solder tips.
52 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
2. Thread tip onto wires. The two middle vias
are the A(+) and B(-) inputs of the tip.
You m a y nd it useful to use the double-sided foam tape that was shipped with your probe to holdtheprobetipinplace.
NOTE. The double-sided foam tape is only
good for one use. For maximum strain relief, always use a fresh piece of tape each time you attach a tip.
Basic operation
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 53
Basic operation
3. With the tip in position, quickly solder the wires to the vias. If the soldering iron is left too long on the tip, it may cause the 0201 input resistors to reow and move.
54 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
4. Trim wires ush with the board on the
probe tip.
Basic operation
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 55
Basic operation
5. Attach the ground wire for TriMode input to the P7700 probe. First add solder to the test point and the nearest ground via on the solder tip.
56 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
6. Second, solder a short piece of wire
between the ground via on the tip and the ground test point. This conguration optimizes the p erformance of the probe for differential measurements. Longer wires on the ground path will have an impact on Single-Ended Mode and Common Mode performance. If there is a ground test point conveniently placed, it would be best to use the same solder technique shown on the A and B inputs of the tip to ensure the shortest ground path. Once the tip is fully soldered in place, it is recommended to rmly secure the tip to the board using additional foam tape or hot melt glue.
Basic operation
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 57
Basic operation
Tip unsoldering procedure.
1. Use small solder-wick to remove the solder
and wire from the tip ground via. Size #1 Solder-Wick is recommended due to the small size of the tip and vias. Do not place the solder wick over the 0201 input resistors and these parts might accidentally be unsoldered from the board.
58 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
2. Use the solder-wick to remove excess
solder from the input vias. Again, be careful not to place the solder-wick too close to the input resistors.
Basic operation
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 59
Basic operation
3. If the solder cannot be fully removed from
If you used double-sided foam tape for strain relief rocking and moving the tip from side to side will loosen the tape's adhesion to the tip. Do not try to pull the tip dire ct ly off of the tape. Pulling the tip up without rst breaking the tape's adhesion can damage the tip.
the input via while attached to the test points, it is possible rock the tip side to side while reowing the solder in the vias. Since the wires are cut ush to the board, the tip can be slowly removed from the wires using this method. Once the tip has been removed from the board, use the solderwick to clean out the vias so the tip can be reused.
60 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Precautions when connecting to the circuit
To achieve the best performance and service life of the probe and tips, observe the best practices below when you make connections:
Wear the antistatic wrist strap that is supplied with the probe and work at an a ntistatic-approved workstation.
The ex circuit based solder tips are built with exible circuit board material and are susceptible to mechanical overstress and harsh handling particularly at the ends of the probe tip where the components are mounted. Always support the probe tips by taping or gluing the m to your circuit or by providing a means to prevent strain on the tips and circuit connections.
The ex circuit based solder tips contain active circuitry. The majority of the tips, including the cover on the buffer amplier, are non-conductive surfaces. Ho weve r, the back end of the tips includes some small surface m ount devices and pads on the top that present a small risk of shorting with the DUT circuitry. This was necessary to minimize the size and weight of the probe tips. If you need to use the ex circuit based solder tips where their topside components might contact the DUT, take care to avoid shorting the exposed circuitry of the tips to the DUT circuitry. Covering these are as with non-conductive tape is one m ethod to avoid shorting.
The P77STCABL tip is designed to be more exible than the ex circuit based solder tips; care should be taken to avoid bending the connecting ca bles at too sharp an angle, since overstress can cause damage or reduce signal performance.
To preserve the cables and maintain the highest signal delity, never kink the wires or put undue stress on them. Support the probe head by taping it t o your circuit or providing a means to prevent strain on the circuit connection.
Basic operation
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 61
Basic operation
Care of P77STFLXA tips
CAUTION. The top of the tips contain a ctive components and can cause shorting if th e tips are mounted top-down and the
discrete components on the back end of the tips come into contact with an active circuit. Ensure that metal components do not touch anything else.
If the tips are mounted with the top up or if the TekFlex connector is attached, it is unlikely that the components on the board will contact the active circuit. The covers on the buffer amplie r of the tips are non-conductive. There are no co nductive surfaces on the bottom of the tips except for the TriMode inputs and the TekFlex co ntacts.
62 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Tip dimensions
The dimensions of the solder tip connections are provided here for reference. You can also design the tip footprint into your circuit board layout for easier test connections.
Basic operation
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 63
Probe handling best practices
Probe handling best practices
Tektronix TriMode probes are quality measurement tools and should be treated with care to avoid damage or performance degradation due to mishandling. Take the following precautions when handling the probe cables:
Never over-bend the probe main or tip cables, which can put a permanent kink into the cable. When storing the probe do no t coil it too tightly. It is best to use the protective foam carrying case which is designed to not exceed the minimum bend radius for the cable of 2.5 inches. The minimum bend radius for the ex cable is 0.25 inches (6.35 mm).
To maximize probe life, limit the amount of cable twist relative to the probe comp box to ±180 degrees. Always uncoil a probe cable gently before applying the twisting forces needed to orient the probe head for connection to the probe tip.
64 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Probe handling best practices
Do not excessively pull or twist the probe cables when positioning the probe for measurements.
Never crush the cable, as will occur when you run over the probe with a chair wheel or drop something heavy on the ca ble.
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 65
S-parameter information
S-parameter information
The S-parameter les for the Tektronix P77 20 probe are unique to each serial numbered probe and accessory tip. The les are stored on the oscilloscope in a le structure that corresponds to the p robe, tip, and serial numbers. The root path for the folders containing the S-parameter is the instrument model, such as D PO73304). Starting in this folder, look through the folders for the probe, tip model numbers, and serial numbers. At the lowest level, there are
The S-parameter le names correspond to the various settings of the TriMode feature and the gain setting of the probe. For example, if the le name is x_1X_A_0_25X.3Sp, the TriMode setting is: single-ended A mode, Gain setting =
0.25 (4x attenuation).
Choose a .s3p le that matches the TriMode setting that you are using, single-ended (A or B), differential (D), o r common mode (C). The gain setting does not matter for the PSD model. No te that for browser tips, only D mode is supported.
CAUTION. Changing or deleting the
S-parameter les can cause the probes not operate properly. To avoid problems, do not change or delete the S-parameter les.
C:\ProgramData\Tektronix\TekScope\Instrumment (where Instrument is
.s3p les unique to the probe and tip.
66 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Accessories and options
You can reorder the following replacement parts and accessories. Note that in some cases, the reorder quantities may differ from those that ship with the probe.
Standard accessories
The following a ccessories are shipped with the P7700 Series probes. If no quantity is listed, only one of that item is shipped.
Standard accessory
Accessories and options
Reorder part number and quantity Description
202-0545-xx Wood box carry ing case with inserts. This carrying case
has several com partments to hold the probe and accessories.
P77STFLXA Active tips (3 solder tips)
020-3167-xx Adhesive tape
016-1948-xx
121-1003-xx Magnetic bar
129-1867-xx (.450” ID) and
129-1857-xx (.270” ID)
017-0103-xx
071-7386-xx
Color bands
Metal cable bands
Wire kit (38 AWG, 4 mil)
Accessory re-order and info card
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 67
Accessories and options
Standard accessory
Reorder part number and quantity Description
006-3415-xx Antistatic wrist strap. When you use the probe, always work
at an antistatic work station and wear the antistatic wrist strap.
Calibration certicate. Acertificate of traceable calibration is provided with every probe.
Data calibration report. The Data Calibration Report lists the manufacturing test results of your probe at t he time of shipment and is included with every probe.
68 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Standard accessory
Reorder part number and quantity Description
071–3421–xx
User manual. The manual provides instructions for using the P7700 Series TriMode Probes. Other documents, such as th e technical reference and other probe literature are located on the Tektronix web site (www.tek.com/manuals).
Accessories and options
067-4889-xx
DC probe calibration xture. Use this xture to perform a DC compensation with the host instrument.
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 69
Accessories and options
Optional accessories
Optional accessory Part and description
P77STCABL, Solder-in active tip
This tip provides a soldered, multi-point connection that supports full TriMode measurement capabilities at full probe bandwidth.
Flex circuit based solder tips
These tips use ex circuit material and provide soldered, multi-point connections. They s upports full TriMode measurement capabilities and full p robe bandwidth .
P77DESKEW, Deskew xture
Use this xture to deskew up to 2 probes at once or to perform a probe f unctional check. A USB power cable is provided.
70 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Optional accessory Part and description
P77BRWSR, Browser accessory includes th ese items:
Browser wand. Extends the length of the browser for a more comfortable grip. (Part number 020 -3160-xx.)
Browser hands-free tripod. Holds the browser o n a test point without the need to use your hands. (Part number 020-3161-xx.)
Browser replacement tips. Use to repair any browser tips that are broken with use. (Part number 020-3162-xx.)
Adapter attachm e nt. Attaches the b rowser to the hands-free tri-pod or other holders.
Ground lead. Attaches the browser to a circuit ground if necessary.
ThebrowseraccessoriescanbestoredintheTekFlex accessories box that comes stand ard with every P7700 series probe.
Accessories and options
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 71
Accessories and options
Optional accessory Part and description
407-6019-xx, Probe adapter
Use this accessory to attach the browser to the PPM203B. probe arm/positioner
P77C292MM, 2.92 mm adapter
Use this adapter to connect a P7700 series p robe to a DUT with 50 test point connectors.
72 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Optional accessory Part and description
020-3179-xx, Linkage adapter kit
Use the adapters for stacking two or more P77C292MM
2.92 mm adapters.
Use two gray adapters to stack two P77C292MM ad apters; use two black adapters to stack three o r four P77C292MM adapters.
Insert the linkage adapters into the P77C292MM adapters as shown (gray linkage adapters shown).
Accessories and options
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 73
Maintenance
Maintenance
This section contains maintenance and support information for your probe.
Host instrument rmware
Some oscilloscopes might require a rmware upgrade to support full functionality of the P7700 Series probes. Instruments with lower versions of rmware might not display all probe controls and indicators on screen, and in some cases require you to power-cycle the instrument to restore normal instrument operation.
The following table lists the required versions of instrument rmware for some of the oscilloscopes that currently support the P7700 Series probes.
Instrument Firmware version
MSO/DSA/DPO70000C Series oscilloscope
DSA/DPO70000D Series oscilloscope
MSO/DPO70000DX Series oscilloscope
DSO70000SX Series oscilloscopes
To check the rmware version on Windows-based instruments, from the menu bar, click Help/About TekScope. If you need to upgrade your instrument rmware, go to www.tek.com/downloads to download the latest rmware.
V 10.7.1 or higher
V 10.7.1 or higher
V 10.7.1 or higher
V 10.7.1 or higher
74 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Browser tip replacement
NOTE. Note: It may be helpful to have a magnifying device or glasses when performing this operation.
Although the P77BRWSR’s tips are design to withstand up to 4 lbs (1.8 kg.), they can break during use. If one of the tips on your browser breaks, it is easy to replace the tip with a new one an d be ready to make measurements again in a few seconds. To replace the tip, you will need a pair of tweezers. Using the tweezers, grip the shaft of the tip and pull downward to remove it. Dispose of the broken tip.
Once the old tip has been removed, retrieve a new, replacement tip from its storage vial in the accessory kit. Grip the replacement tip with the tweezers, gently push the tip into the socket on the bro wser’s front end.
Maintenance
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 75
Maintenance
Error conditions
LED indicators
If one of the Input Mode LEDs does not remain on after you connect the probe, an internal probe diagnostic fault exists. Disconnect and reconnect the probe to restart the power-on diagnostic sequence. If the symptoms continue, connect the probe to anothe r oscilloscope channel or oscilloscope. If the symptoms remain, return the probe to Tektronix for repair.
There is an amber-colored WARNING indicator LED located on the top plate of the probe comp box. This LED turns on when any of the following conditions exist and remains on until the problem condition is cleared:
Probe power-on self-test failure (clear by disconnecting and reconnecting the probe)
Probe tip over-temperature detected (may require forced air to be applied to cool the tip)
Probe input over-voltage detected (reduce input over-voltage to clear)
76 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Signal display
If the probe is conne cted to an active signal source and you do not see the signal displayed on the oscilloscope:
Perform an Autoset operation on the host oscilloscope. This will automatically adjust the oscilloscope settings to try to display a useable waveform.
Check the probe tip connection at the probe TekFlex connector. The LED on to p of the accessory tip should be on if the tip is connected properly.
Check that the input signal is within the allowable input voltage range. The Auto Offset control in the Probe Setup menu can be used to set the offset of the probe voltages to maximize the probe tip input dynamic range.
Perform a functional check procedure. (See page 11, Functional check.) This procedure will check that the probe is operating properly.
Maintenance
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 77
Maintenance
Measurement errors
If you suspect that your measurement may not be accurate, and you are using a solder in connection, check that the solder tip signal and ground connections are correct and intact.
Checking the signal measurement in some of the other TriMode Input modes may provide some clue if there is a measurement problem. For example, operating the probe in DIFF mode does not require a ground connection. Switching the input mode between DIFF and SE might point out a grounding problem
If the signal being measured is a differential s ignal, temporarily swtich the TriMode input on the probe to A only and B only and verify that each component of the differential signal looks correct. Switch the probe’s input to the common mode setting and see if there is a large and unexpected common mode signal present on the probe input.
Remove the tip from the DUT and perform a DC Probe CAL operation on the probe. Passing this DC CAL check will verify that the probe DC performance is operating within allowable limits and will optimize the probe DC gain and offset. (See page 18, TriMode probe DC calibration.)
Perform a Functional Check operation on the probe. This should verify that a fast rise time signal can be measured by the probe with a comparable probe tip attached. (See page 11, Fun c tional check.)
78 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Handling the probe
This probe is a precision high-frequency device; exercise care when you use and store the probe. The probe and cable are susceptible to damage caused by careless use. Always handle the probe at the comp box and probe body to avoid undue physical strain to the probe cable, such as kinking, excessive bending, or pulling. Visible dents in the cable will increase signal aberrations.
CAUTION. To prevent da mage to the probe, always use an antistatic wrist strap connected to a static-controlled workstation when
you handle the probe. The probe input contains electronic components that can be damaged by contact with high voltages, including static discharge.
Observe the following precautions when using the probe. Do not do any of the following:
Drop the probe or subject it to physical shock
Subject the probe to a dverse weather conditions
Kink or fold the probe main cable tighter than a 2.5 inch radius; minimum bend radius for the solder tips is 0.25 inch (6.35 mm)
Solder the tips with excessive heat or duration
Injure yourself with the sharp tips
(See page 64, Probe handling best practices.)
Maintenance
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 79
Maintenance
Cleaning the probe
CAUTION. To prevent damage to the probe, do not expose it to sprays, liquids, or solvents. Avoid getting moisture inside
the probe during exterior cleaning.
Do not use chemical cleaning agents; they may damage the probe. Avoid using chemicals that contain benzine , benzene, toluene, xylene, acetone, or similar solvents.
Clean the exterior surfaces of the probe with a dry, lint-free cloth or a soft-bristle brush. If dirt remains, use a soft cloth or swab dampened with a 75% isopropyl alcohol solution and rinse with deionized water. A swab is useful to clean narrow spaces on the probe; use only enough solution to dampen the swab or cloth. Do not use abrasive compounds on any part of the probe.
80 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Returning the probe for servicing
If your probe requires servicing, you must return it to Tektronix. If the original packaging is unt for use or not available, use the following packaging guidelines:
Preparation for Shipment
1. Use a corrugated cardboard shipping
carton having inside dimensions at least one inch greater than the probe dimensions. The box should have a carton test strength of at least 200 pounds.
2. Put the p robe into an antistatic bag or wrap
it to protect it from dampness.
3. Place the probe into the box and stabilize it
with light packing material.
4. Seal the carton with shipping tape.
5. Refer to Contacting Tektronix at the
beginning of this manual for the shipping address.
Maintenance
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 81
Maintenance
82 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
Index
Index
A
accessories
optional, 70 standard, 67
Auto Offset, 32
B
browser tip dynamic range, 41
C
calibration
probe, 18 probe DC, 20
TriMode, 18 cleaning the probe, 80 compensation
temperature, 43 connecting
tips to the probe TekFlex
connector, 7 connecting to a circuit board, 45 connecting to circuit with
coaxial adapters, 45
controls and indicators
TriMode, 10
D
dimensions
solder tips, 63 documentation, vii, 69 DSP correction, 43 dynamic range
browser tip, 41
E
error conditions
LED indicators, 76
measurement errors, 78
signal display, 77
F
rmware, 74ex circuit description, 47
functional check, 11
with deskew xture, 13
with P77C292MM adapter, 15
H
handling the probe, 64, 79 host instrument rmware, 74
I
improving measurement accuracy, 36 Input Mode selection, 29 input network, 38 input voltage range
extend using offset voltage, 38
installation
connecting accessories, 7 overview, 4
L
LED indicators, 6, 9, 76
M
measurement accuracy
P7700 Series TriMode Probes User Manual 83
Index
improving, 36
measurement conguration
solder tip, 44 measurement errors, 78 models, vii
O
offset selection, 31 offset voltage, 25 offset voltage buttons, 32 operating considerations, 2 optional accessories, 70
P
P77BRWSR description, 45 P77C292MM adapter, 50
termination voltage, 33 P77STCABL, 49 probe
calibrating, 20
cleaning, 80
handling, 64, 79 probe architecture, 36
probe connection precautions, 61 Probe Controls screen, 35 probe models, vii Probe Setup screen, 28
input mode selection, 29 offset selection, 31 offset voltage set buttons, 32 probe tip information, 35
probe tip information, 35
R
replacing tips, 75 returning the probe, 81
S
S-parameter les
storage le structure, 66 signal display errors, 77 single-ended measurements
using browser differential probe
tip, 40 solder tip dimensions, 63 solder tips
caring for, 62
solder-in tips
P77STCABL, 49
standard accessories, 67
T
TekFlex
connecting accessories, 7 temperature compensation, 43 termination voltage, 33 tip replaement, 75 tip soldering, 51 tri-pod accessory, 45 TriMode
calibration, 18
probing, 10 TriMode d ifferential probe tip
making single-ended
measurements, 40
W
wire length
solder-in tip connection, 37
84 P7700 Series TriMode Pro bes User Manual
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