Tektronix P7504, P7506 Combined User/Service
xx
P7504 & P7506
ZZZ
TriMode™ Probes
Technical Reference
*P077013500*
077-0135-00
xx
P7504 & P7506
ZZZ
TriMode™ Probes
Technical Reference
www.tektronix.com
077-0135-00
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or suppliers, and are protected by national copyright laws and international treaty provisions.
Tektronix products are covered by U.S. and foreign patents, issued and pending. Information in this publication
supersedes that in all previously published material. Specifications and price change privileges reserved.
TEKTRONIX and TEK are registered trademarks of Tektronix, Inc.
TriMode is a trademark of Tektronix, Inc.
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G3PO is a trademark of Corning Gilbert Inc.
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x, Inc.
duct information, sales, service, and technical support:
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Warranty
Tektronix warrants that this product will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one (1)
year from the date of shipment. If any such product proves defective during this warranty period, Tektronix, at its
option, either will repair the defective product without charge for parts and labor, or will provide a replacement
in exchange for the defective product. Parts, modules and replacement products used by Tektronix for warranty
work may be n
the property of Tektronix.
ew or reconditioned to like new performance. All replaced parts, modules and products become
In order to o
the warranty period and make suitable arrangements for the performance of service. Customer shall be responsible
for packaging and shipping the defective product to the service center designated by Tektronix, with shipping
charges prepaid. Tektronix shall pay for the return of the product to Customer if the shipment is to a location within
the country in which the Tektronix service center is located. Customer shall be responsible for paying all shipping
charges, duties, taxes, and any other charges for products returned to any other locations.
This warranty shall not apply to any defect, failure or damage caused by improper use or improper or inadequate
maintenance and care. Tektronix shall not be obligated to furnish service under this warranty a) to repair damage
result
b) to repair damage resulting from improper use or connection to incompatible equipment; c) to repair any damage
or malfunction caused by the use of non-Tektronix supplies; or d) to service a product that has been modified or
integrated with other products when the effect of such modification or integration increases the time or difficulty
of servicing the product.
THIS WARRANTY IS GIVEN BY TEKTRONIX WITH RESPECT TO THE PRODUCT IN LIEU OF ANY
OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS DISCLAIM ANY
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
TRONIX’ RESPONSIBILITY TO REPAIR OR REPLACE DEFECTIVE PRODUCTS IS THE SOLE
TEK
AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY PROVIDED TO THE CUSTOMER FOR BREACH OF THIS WARRANTY.
TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL,
OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IRRESPECTIVE OF WHETHER TEKTRONIX OR THE VENDOR HAS
ADVANCE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
[W2 – 15AUG04]
btain service under this warranty, Customer must notify Tektronix of the defect before the expiration of
ing from attempts by personnel other than Tektronix representatives to install, repair or service the product;
Table of Contents
General Safety Summary .......................................................................................... v
Preface ............................................................................................................. vii
Products Covered ............. ................................ ................................ ............... vii
Theory of Op
Input Voltage Limits................ ................................ ................................ ........... 1
TriMode Operation ............. ................................ ................................ ............... 4
Probing Techniques to Maximize Signal Fidelity ................................. ......................... 6
Input Impedance and Probe Loading ............. ................................ .......................... 16
Reference ....... ................................ ................................ .................................. .. 19
Single-
Differential Measurements................................................................................... 21
Serial Bus Standards.................... .................................. ................................ .... 23
Specifications ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 24
Warranted Characteristics.................................................................................... 24
Typical Characteristics ............. ................................ ................................ .......... 25
Nomi
Tip Specifications............................................................................................. 28
User Service ........................................................................................................ 43
Error Conditions .. ... ... . . .. . ... ... ... . ... ... ... . . .. . ... ... ... . ... ... ... ... . ... ... ... . .. . ... ... ... . ... ... ... . . 43
Replaceable Parts ............................................................................................. 44
Preparation for Shipment ............................ ................................ ........................ 56
eration................... ................................ ................................ ............. 1
Ended Measurements Using A and B Modes ............................... ...................... 19
nal Characteristics...................................................................................... 27
P7504 & P7506 TriMode Probes Technical Reference i
Table of Contents
List of Figure
Figure 1: Operating voltage window.... ................................ .................................. ....... 2
Figure 2: Dynamic range versus linearity, 5X range .............. ................................ ............. 3
Figure 3: Dynamic range versus linearity, 12.5X range......................... ............................... 3
Figure 4: TriMode input structure ................................................................................ 5
Figure 5: Typical TriMode Probe Setup screen . ................................ ............................... 5
Figure 6: High Temp solder tip ............ ................................ ................................ ....... 7
Figure 7: Micro-Coax solder tip .................................................................................. 7
Figure 8: P75TLRST TriMode Long Reach
Figure 9: TriMode Resistor solder tips........................................................................... 9
Figure 10: Typical wire length from probe tip to circuit...................................................... 10
Figure 11: P75TLRST solder tip with 0.010 in. of tip wire ................ ................................ .. 11
Figure 12: P75TLRST solder tip with 0.050 in. of tip wire .................................................. 11
Figure 13: P75TLRST solder tip with 0.100 in. of tip wire .................................................. 12
Figure 14: P75TLRST solder tip with 0.200 in. of tip wire .................................................. 12
Figure 15: P75PDPM Precision Differential Probing Module ............................................... 13
Figure 16: P75PDPM with short ground spring, 0.030 in. spacing.......................................... 14
Figure 17: P75PDPM with short ground spring, 0.050 in. spacing.......................................... 14
Figure 18: P75PDPM with short ground spring, 0.090 in. spacing.......................................... 15
Figure 19: P75PDPM with short ground spring, 0.180 in. spacing.......................................... 15
Figure 20: TriMode probe input model ......................................................................... 16
Figure 21: TriMode probe high frequency input impedance model ..................... .................... 16
Figure 22: Embedded probe fixture ....................... ................................ ...................... 17
Figure 23: Typical channel isolation for P7500 Series TriMode probes .................................... 20
Figure 24: Simplified model of a differential amplifier ....................................................... 21
Figure 25: Typical CMRR for P7500 Series TriMode probes................................................ 22
Figure 26: Probe body and control box dimensions ........................................................... 26
Figure 27: Micro-C
Figure 28: P7504 probe with the Micro-Coax solder tip........................................ .............. 29
Figure 29: P7506 probe with the Micro-Coax solder tip........................................ .............. 30
Figure 30: High Temp solder tip dimensions................................................................... 32
Figure 31: P7504 probe with the High Temp solder tip ....................................................... 32
Figure 32: P7506 probe with the High Temp solder tip ....................................................... 33
Figure 33: Damped Wire Pair dimensions.... ................................ .................................. 34
Figure 34: P7504 probe with the Damped Wire Pair.......................................................... 35
Figure 35: P7506 probe with the Damped Wire Pair.......................................................... 35
Figure 36: P75TLRST TriMode Long Reach Solder Tip dimensions ....................................... 37
Figure 37: P7504 probe with the P75TLRST solder tip....................................................... 37
Figure 38: P7506 probe with the P75TLRST solder tip....................................................... 38
s
Solder Tip......... .................................. ............. 8
oax solder tip dimensions........................................ .......................... 29
ii P7504 & P7506 TriMode Probes Technical Reference
Table of Contents
Figure 39: P75P
Figure 40: P7504 probe with the P75PDPM probing module................................................ 41
Figure 41: P7506 probe with the P75PDPM probing module................................................ 41
Figure 42: Removing the bullets................................................................................. 45
Figure 43: Installing the bullets. ... ... . .. . ... ... ... . ... ... ... .. .. . ... ... ... . ... ... ... ... . ... ... ... . .. . ... ... ... . . 46
Figure 44: Large and small springs installed ......................... .................................. ........ 48
Figure 45: S
Figure 46: Insert tool beneath spring ............................................................................ 49
Figure 47: Transfer spring from tip to tool ..................................................................... 50
Figure 48: Place spring on tool .................................................................................. 51
Figure 49: Set spring in front seat ............................................................................... 51
Figure 50: Set the spring in the rear seats....................................................................... 52
Figure 5
Figure 52: Disconnecting the tip cable.............................. ................................ ............ 53
Figure 53: Probing module tips.................................................................................. 53
Figure 54: Removing the tip ..................................................................................... 54
Figure 55: Separating the tip board pair ........................................................................ 54
Figure 56: Seating the tip in the top tabs........................ ................................ ................ 55
Figu
1: Properly seated spring................................................................................ 52
re 57: Snapping the tip into the bottom tabs .............................................................. 55
DPM Precision Differential Probing Module dimensions ................................. 40
et the gap............................................................................................. 49
P7504 & P7506 TriMode Probes Technical Reference iii
Table of Contents
List of Tables
Table i: TriMode probes ......................................................................................... vii
Table 1: O ff
Table 2: Serial bus standards with dynamic range requirements............................................. 23
Table 3: Warranted electrical characteristics ................... .................................. .............. 24
Table 4: Typical electrical characteristics... ................................ ................................ .... 25
Table 5: Typical mechanical characteristics.................................................................... 26
Table 6: Nominal electrical characteristics ........... ................................ .......................... 27
Table 7: M
Table 8: High Temp solder tip specifications................................................................... 31
Table 9: Damped Wire Pair specifications............................ ................................ .......... 34
Table 10: P75TLRST TriMode Long Reach Solder Tip specifications.......... ............................ 36
Table 11: P75PDPM Precision Differential Probing Module specifications ............................... 39
Table 12: TriMode probes replaceable parts.................................................................... 44
Table
set ranges................................. ................................ ............................ 19
icro-Coax solder tip specifications...... ................................ ............................ 28
13: Required equipment ................................................................................... 44
iv P7504 & P7506 TriMode Probes Technical Reference
General Safety Summary
General Safet
To Avoid Fire or Personal
Injury
ySummary
Review the fo
this product or any products connected to it.
To avoid pot
Only qualified personnel should perform service procedures.
While using this product, you may need to access other parts of a larger system.
Read the safety sections of the o ther component manuals for warnings and
cautions r
Connect and Disconnect Properly. Connect the probe output to the measurement
instrument before connecting the probe to the circuit under test. Connect the
probe reference lead to the circuit under test before connecting the probe input.
Disconnect the probe input and the probe reference lead from the circuit under test
before
Observe All Terminal Ratings. To avoid fire or shock hazard, observe all ratings
and ma
information before making connections to the p roduct.
Do no
exceeds the maximum rating of that terminal.
disconnecting the probe from the measurement instrument.
t apply a potential to any terminal, including the common terminal, that
llowing safety precautions to avoid injury and prevent damage to
ential hazards, use this product only as specified.
elated to operating the system.
rkings on the product. Consult the product manual for further ratings
ot Operate Without Covers. Do not operate this product with covers or panels
Do N
removed.
ot Operate With Suspected Failures. If you suspect that there is damage to this
Do N
product, have it inspected by qualified service personnel.
oid Exposed Circuitry. Do not touch exposed connections and components
Av
when power is present.
o Not Operate in Wet/Damp Conditions.
D
Do Not Operate in an Explosive Atmosphere.
Keep Product Surfaces Clean and Dry.
P7504 & P7506 TriMode Probes Technical Reference v
General Safety Summary
TermsinthisManual
Symbols and Terms on the
Product
These terms may
WARNING. Warning statements identify conditions or practices that could result
in injury or loss of life.
CAUTION. Caution statements identify conditions or practices that could result in
damage to this product or other property.
These terms may appear on the product:
DANGER in
the marking.
WAR NI NG
read the marking.
CAUTIO
The following symbol(s) may appear on the product:
appear in this manual:
dicates an injury hazard immediate ly accessible as you read
indicates an injury hazard not immediately accessible as you
N indicates a hazard to p roperty including the product.
vi P7504 & P7506 TriMode Probes Technical Reference
Preface
Products Covered
This manual discusses topics that are not covered in depth in the P7504 & P7506
TriMode Probes Quick Start User Manual.
The main sections are:
Theory of Operation — Contains probe details not covered in the user manual.
Reference — Contains information about differential measurements and how
to increase measurement accuracy.
Specifications — Contains warranted, typical, and nominal characteristics for
the probe and probe tip accessories.
User Service — Describes troubleshooting and probe maintenance.
The table below lists the TriMode probes covered by this manual.
Table i: TriMode probes
Probe model Serial number
P7504 All
P7506 All
P7504 & P7506 TriMode Probes Technical Reference vii
Preface
viii P7504 & P7506 TriMode Probes Technical Reference
Theory of Operation
This section discusses operating considerations and probing techniques. For more
detailed information a bout differential measurements and TriMode operation,
refer to Refe
The P7500 Series TriMode probes are optimized for high bandwidth; they
are not gene
characteristics and access to dense circuitry, and must be handled carefully.
CAUTION. To prevent damage to the probe, use care when handling the probe.
Rough or careless use can damage the probe.
Input Voltage Limits
The P7500 Series TriMode probes are designed to probe low-voltage circuits.
Before
the operating voltage window, and the differential-mode signal range. (See
Table 4 on page 25.)
rence. (Seepage19.)
ral-purpose probes. The probe tips are miniaturized for electrical
probing a circuit, take into account the limits for maximum input voltage,
Maximum Input Voltage
The ma
withstand without damaging the probe input circuitry.
CAUTION. To avoid damaging the inputs of the probes, do not apply more than
±15 V (DC + peak AC) between each input or between either probe input and
ground.
CAUTION. To avoid ESD (electrostatic discharge) damage to the probe, always
use an antistatic wrist strap and work at a static-approved workstation when
you handle the probe.
ximum input voltage is the maximum voltage to ground that the inputs can
P7504 & P7506 TriMode Probes Technical Reference 1
Theory of Operation
Operating Voltage Window
The operating v
to each input, with respect to earth ground, without saturating the probe input
circuitry. A common-mode voltage that exceeds the operating voltage window
may produce an erroneous output waveform even when the differential-mode
specification is met.
Figure 1: Operating voltage window
oltage window defines the maximum voltage that you can apply
ential-Mode Signal
Differ
fset Voltage Range
Of
Range
The differential-mode signal range is the maximum voltage difference between
the A and B inputs that the probe can accept without distorting the signal. The
distortion from a voltage that exceeds this maximum can result in a clipped or
wise inaccurate measurement. The P7500 Series probes have two attenuation
other
settings, 5X and 12.5X, that allow dynamic range to be traded off against signal
noise. The 12.5X attenuator setting has the largest dynamic range; the 5X
attenuator setting has the lowest noise. The graphs on the following pages
illustrate the linearity error over the dynamic voltage range of the probes in both
attenuation settings.
The Offset Voltage Control, accessible from the attached oscilloscope user
interface, allows the probe dynamic range to be effectively moved up and down
within the limits of the offset voltage range and the operating voltage window.
hen the offset voltage is set to zero volts and the input signal is zero volts
W
(inputs shorted to ground, not open), the displayed signal should be zero volts.
If a noticeable zero volt offset is present under the above conditions, a Probe
Cal operation should be performed. (See the P7500 Series Probes Quick Start
User Manual).
2 P7504 & P7506 TriMode Probes Technical Reference
Figure 2: Dynamic range versus linearity, 5X range
Theory of Operation
Figure 3: Dynamic range versus linearity, 12.5X range
P7504 & P7506 TriMode Probes Technical Reference 3
Theory of Operation
TriMode Opera
tion
The TriMode feature of the new P7500 Series probe family is designed for
improved convenience and enhanced capability in measuring differential
signal quali
single-ended signals, full characterization of differential signal quality requires
more than a simple differential measurement. A TriMode probe features three
Input Modes that allow a differential signal to be fully characterized with four
measurements: differential, positive polarity and negative polarity single-ended,
and common mode.
A TriMode probe provides improved efficiency and convenience by enabling full
differential signal characterization from a single soldered connection. Using one
of the so
probe tip), probe connections are soldered to the two complementary signals (the
A signal and the B signal) and a ground reference. From this single DUT (device
under test) connection, the internal electronic switching control of the TriMode
probe allows any one of the three probe Input Modes (four measurements) to
be selected at a time. The TriMode probe inputs are routed on the probe ASIC
(appl
that perform the following signal calculations:
A–B(
A – GND (for positive polarity single-ended measurement)
ty. Since a differential signal is composed of two complementary
lder tips available for the TriMode probes, (for example, the P75TLRST
ication-specific integated circuit) to a set of four independent input amplifiers
for differential signal measurement)
B – GND (for negative polarity single-ended measurement)
[A+B]/2 - GND (for common mode measurement)
NOTE. In the B – GND Mode, the negative polarity B input is not inverted.
The four input amplifiers are multiplexed together and only the selected Input
Mode function is output to the connected oscilloscope. (See Figure 4 on page 5.)
The figure shows a conceptual view of the TriMode probe input structure, where
the C input provides the probe ground reference and is connected to the probe tip
ground interconnect using the probe tip cable coaxial shields.
4 P7504 & P7506 TriMode Probes Technical Reference
Theory of Operation
Figure 4: TriMode input structure
On oscilloscopes that do not provide full TriMode support, the TriMode features
are con
features like Probe Cal to be exercised only for the selected probe Input Mode.
On osc
probe GUI (graphical-user interface) can perform a Probe Cal operation on all
Input Modes and Attenuation Settings at once using the TriMode Probe Cal fixture
that is supplied with P7500 Series probes. (See the P7500 Serie s Quick Start
User Manual for instructions on running the Probe Cal routine.) Full TriMode
support will also allow storage and automatic recall of relevant settings like
Off
trolled by the probe Control Box switches, which allow oscilloscope
illoscopes that provide full TriMode support, the oscilloscope-controlled
set. (See Figure 5.)
Figure 5: Typical TriMode Probe Setup screen
P7504 & P7506 TriMode Probes Technical Reference 5
Theory of Operation
Probing Techn
Socket Cables
iques to Maximize Signal Fidelity
Signal fidelity is an indication of how accurately a probe represents the signal
being measured. The signal fidelity of the probe is best when the probe is
applied prop
connecting the P7500 probe tips are given in the following section.
The Socket Cable assembly connects between the probe head and the two
leave-beh
P7506 probes. It is designed to preserve a 50 Ω signal path from the input to the
probe, down the coaxial cable, and as well as possible through the square-pin
connection to the solder tips.
The Socket Cable XL is a similar but longer cable (5 ft.), and is available as
an optional accessory. It is designed for use with the High Temp solder tip in
environmental test chambers and similar applications.
erly to the circuit with the P7500 probe tips. Recommendations for
ind probe tips that ship as standard accessories with the P7504 and
P7500 TriMode Solder Tips
6 P7504 & P7506 TriMode Probes Technical Reference
The P7504 and P7506 probes include two different leave-behind solder tips (High
Temp and Micro-Coax) to connect the probes to your circuit. Two High Temp and
four Micro-Coax probe tips are shipped with the probes as standard accessories;
other P7500 Series solder tips are available as optional accessories. All of the tips
are described on the following pages.
High Temp Solder Tip. This leave-behind probe tip uses a 3-pin header with two
connections for a differential signal and a third connection for a ground reference.
The square pin header is mounted on a small circuit board which provides circuit
connections for a pair of input signal pickoff resistors and a ground via for wiring
to the DUT. As shown in the illustration, this probe tip design includes a ground
via at the probe tip to provide a TriMode connection.
Theory of Operation
Figure 6: High Temp solder tip
This 3-pin interface topology is signal-ground-signal (S-G-S) with the ground
connection between the signals for isolation. The DUT connection interface at
the probe tip vias use
than wires for the DUT interconnect.
Micro-Coax Solder Tip. This leave-behind probe tip includes a mating cable
assembly with a 3-pin header for connecting to one of the socket cables. The
cable connection between the square-pin header and the probe tip signal pickoff
resistors is a very flexib
by adding a ground wire between a ground via on the probe tip circuit board and a
local DUT ground, giving a single-ended return current path along the coaxial
cable shield and through the center pin of the square-pin header.
s a split-resistor topology with axial-leaded resistors rather
le micro-coax cable. A TriMode connection can be made
The split-resistor topology used on the High Temp tip is also used on the
Micro-Coax tip, as shown in the illustration. Replaceable axial-leaded resistors
located at the probe tip are used for DUT connections, and surface-mount resistors
are set back on the probe tip interface board. The square-pin header connector on
the interface circuit board of the Micro-Coax solder tip is shielded with a ground
shield similar to that use
Figure 7: Micro-Coax solder tip
donthematingSocketCable.
P7504 & P7506 TriMode Probes Technical Reference 7
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