User Manual
R
NetTek
YBT250
Field Transmitter &
Interference Tester
071-0856-14
This document supports firmware version 1.654
and above.
www.tektronix.com
Copyright © Tektronix. All rights reserved. Licensed software products are
owned by Tektronix or its subsidiaries or suppliers, and are protected by
national copyright laws and internationa l treaty provisions.
Tektronix products are covered by U.S. and foreign patents, issued and
pending. Information in this publication supercedes that in all previously
published material. Specifications and price change privileges reserved.
TEKTRONIX, TEK and NetTek are registered trademarks of Tektronix, Inc.
Contacting Tektronix
Tektronix, Inc.
14200 SW Karl Braun Drive
P.O. Box 500
Beaverton, OR 97077
USA
For product information, sales, service, and technical support:
H In North America, call 1-800-833-9200.
H Worldwide, visit www.tektronix.com to find contacts in your area.
Warranty 15
Tektronix warrants that the product will be free from defects in materials and workmanship
for a period of one (1) year from the date of original purchase from an authorized
Tektronix distributor. If the product proves defective during this warranty period,
Tektronix, at its option, either will repair the defective product without charge for parts and
labor, or will provide a replacement in exchange for the defective product. Batteries are
excluded from this warranty. Parts, modules and replacement products used by Tektronix
for warranty work may be new or reconditioned to like new performance. All replaced
parts, modules and products become the property of Tektronix.
In order to obtain service under this warranty, Customer must notify Tektronix of the
defect before the expiration of the warranty period and make suitable arrangements for the
performance of service. Customer shall be responsible for packaging and shipping the
defective product to the service center designated by Tektronix, shipping charges prepaid,
and with a copy of customer proof of purchase. Tektronix shall pay for the return of the
product to Customer if the shipment is to a location within the country in which the
Tektronix service center is located. Customer shall be responsible for paying all shipping
charges, duties, taxes, and any other charges for products returned to any other locations.
This warranty shall not apply to any defect, failure or damage caused by improper use or
improper or inadequate maintenance and care. Tektronix shall not be obligated to furnish
service under this warranty a) to repair damage resulting from attempts by personnel other
than T ektronix representatives to install, repair or service the product; b) to repair damage
resulting from improper use or connection to incompatible equipment; c) to repair any
damage or malfunction caused by the use of non-Tektronix supplies; or d) to service a
product that has been modified or integrated with other products when the effect of such
modification or integration increases the time or difficulty of servicing the product.
THIS WARRANTY IS GIVEN BY TEKTRONIX WITH RESPECT TO THE
PRODUCT IN LIEU OF ANY OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED.
TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS DISCLAIM ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
TEKTRONIX’ RESPONSIBILITY TO REPAIR OR REPLACE DEFECTIVE
PRODUCTS IS THE SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY PROVIDED TO THE
CUSTOMER FOR BREACH OF THIS WARRANTY. TEKTRONIX AND ITS
VENDORS WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL,
OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IRRESPECTIVE OF WHETHER TEKTRONIX
OR THE VENDOR HAS ADVANCE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGES.
Table of Contents
General Safety Summary ix............................
Environmental Considerations xi........................
Preface xiii............................................
About this Manual xiii...................................
Additional Information xiv...............................
Conventions xiv........................................
Software Version xiv....................................
Getting Started
The NetTek Analyzer Platform 1--1.........................
Installing and Removing a Module 1--4......................
Connecting External Power Supplies 1--6....................
Batteries 1--7...........................................
Installing or Removing a Battery 1--7.....................
Charging a Battery 1--9................................
Maximizing Battery Operating Time 1--10.................
Transporting Lithium-Ion Batteries 1--10...................
Battery Recycling 1--10................................
Powering On the Instrument 1--11...........................
How the Software Loads 1--11...........................
Calibrating the Touch-Screen Display 1--11...................
Setting the stylus tap rate 1--11...........................
Setting the stylus centering 1--12.........................
Powering Off the Instrument 1--12...........................
Suspend Mode 1--12...................................
Shutdown Mode 1--13..................................
Restart (Software Reset) 1--13...........................
Front-Panel Power Switch 1--14..........................
Preventing Personal Injury from the Effects of Lightning 1--14....
Be alert and aware of the effects of lightning 1--15...........
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
i
Table of Contents
Attaching Accessories 1--16................................
Setting Up the Tilt Stand 1--16...........................
Installing the Shoulder Strap and Strand Hook 1--18..........
Operating Basics
Overview 2--1..........................................
Getting Help 2--2.......................................
Navigating the Desktop 2--3...............................
Icons 2--3...........................................
Taskbar 2--3.........................................
Starting the YBT250 Software 2--6.........................
Setting the YBT250 Software to Load at Startup 2--7........
Elements of the Display 2--8...............................
Shared Control Area 2-- 9..............................
Command Bar Area 2--10...............................
Tuning Control Area 2--11..............................
Measurement Area 2--12................................
Using the Touch Screen 2--12...............................
Using the Knob 2--13..................................
Using the Numeric Keypad 2--13.........................
YBT250 Menus 2--13.....................................
Entering Text 2--18.......................................
Connecting a Signal 2--21.................................
YBT250 Inputs 2--21.....................................
RF Signal Input 2--22.....................................
Connecting an RF Signal 2--22..............................
Connecting a Timing Reference 2--25........................
Improving Measurement Accuracy 2--25......................
Using an External Frequency Reference 2--25...............
Creating Frequency Correction Factors 2--28................
Changing Instrument Settings 2--33........................
Enabling Signal Standards 2--33.............................
Setting Display Preferences 2--35............................
Setting Up the Channel Table 2--36..........................
Customizing the Channel Table 2--40........................
Creating a Custom Channel Table 2--40....................
Specifying the Signal Type 2--44.........................
How Channel Frequencies are Calculated 2--44..............
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YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Table of Contents
Changing Settings for Saved Files 2--45......................
Where to Set File Options 2--45..........................
Setting the Filename Prefix 2--46.........................
Setting the Technician Name 2--47........................
Entering Notes for Saved Results 2--47....................
Setting Up a GPS Receiver 2--48.........................
Setting Default File Type 2--48...........................
Setting the Default Save Location for Automatically
Saved Spectrogram and Codogram Files 2--49............
GPS 2--51..............................................
GPS Receiver Requirements 2 --51...........................
YBT250 GPS Configuration 2--52...........................
GPS Signal Status Button 2--53.............................
The GPS Setup Tab 2--53..................................
GPS Receiver Field 2--54...............................
GPS Field 2--54.......................................
GPS Status Field 2--54.................................
GPS Information Field 2--56.............................
GPS Satellite Signal Strength Field 2--57...................
Saving GPS Data with Measurements 2-- 58....................
Troubleshooting Your GPS Receiver 2--58....................
Reference
Displaying a Signal Spectrum 3--1.........................
The Spectrum Display Area 3--1...........................
Displaying a Trace 3--4...................................
Setting Trace Display Options 3--5.......................
Setting the Trace Type 3--5.............................
Changing the Vertical Scale of the Spectrum Display 3--7....
Changing the Vertical Position of the Trace 3--8............
Changing the Horizontal Position of the Trace 3--9..........
Changing the Reference Level 3--9......................
Disabling Tap/Drag Operation 3--9.......................
Saving Traces 3--10.......................................
Displaying a Saved Trace 3--11.............................
Comparing Traces 3--11...................................
Defining Trace 2 3--12.................................
Comparing Two Trace Results Files 3--13.....................
Displaying Markers 3--15..................................
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
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Table of Contents
Specifying Units for Marker Display 3-- 17..................
Using Markers on a Single Trace 3--18....................
Using Markers with Two Traces 3--18.....................
Markers and Mask Testing 3--19.............................
Band Edge Cursor 3--20...................................
Displaying a Spectrogram 3--21.............................
Setting the Spectrogram Update Rate 3--23....................
Mask Testing 3--25.......................................
Creating a Mask 3--25..................................
Defining (Loading) a Mask 3--31.........................
Performing a Mask Test 3--32............................
Mask Testing and Markers 3--32..........................
Locating Interference 3--35...............................
The Interference Display Area 3--35.........................
Displaying a Spectrum Trace 3--37..........................
Identifying a Signal 3--38..................................
Locating an Interfering Signal 3--39..........................
Demodulating an Interfering Signal 3--41.....................
Measuring the Noise Floor 3--43............................
Locating Intermittent Interference 3-- 44......................
W-CDMA Scrambling Code Analyzer 3--47...................
Sorting or Locking Scrambling Codes 3--49................
cdma2000 and 1xEV-DO PN Scanners 3--50...................
GSM Channel Scanner 3--53...............................
The GSM Channel Scanner Process 3--59..................
Measuring EMF 3--60.....................................
EMF Cable/Antenna Factors 3--65........................
EMF Cable/Antenna Factors Tables 3--66..................
EMF Cable/Antenna Factors Table Format 3--67.............
Taking Measurements 3--69...............................
The Measure Window Display 3--69.........................
Setting the Measurement Frequency 3--70.....................
What Measurements are Available 3--72......................
Measuring RF Power 3--73.................................
Multiple Channel RF Power Measurements (Option CR1) 3--75.
Measuring GSM/EDGE RF Power 3--76......................
Setting GSM/EDGE BCCH Frame Sync Modes 3--78.........
Channel and Frequency Setting Interactions 3--80............
Setting GSM/EDGE RF Channel Power Modes 3--80.........
Measuring 1xEV-DO RF Power 3--82........................
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YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Table of Contents
Setting 1xEV-DO RF Power Averaging 3--84...............
1xEV-DO Transmission Envelopes on the RF Power
Screen 3--85.......................................
Measuring TD-SCDMA RF Power 3--86......................
Measuring GSM/EDGE Power vs. Time 3--87..................
Setting GSM/EDGE Power vs. Time parameters 3--90........
Measuring Peak to Average Power Ratio 3--91.................
Measuring Carrier Frequency 3--92..........................
Measuring Occupied Bandwidth 3--94........................
TD-SCDMA Occupied Bandwidth Measurements
(Option TR1) 3--96.................................
Measuring cdmaOne and cdma2000 Signal Quality 3--96.........
OTA Signal Quality Icon 3--98...........................
Measuring W-CDMA Signal Quality 3--98....................
Transmit Diversity 3--100................................
Measuring 1xEV-DO Signal Quality 3--100.....................
Measuring GSM/EDGE Signal Quality 3-- 103..................
Setting cdma2000 or 1xEV-DO PN Offset 3--106................
Measuring 1xEV-DO Code Power 3--107.......................
Measuring cdma2000 Code Power 3--109......................
Measuring cdmaOne Code Power 3--112.......................
Measuring W-CDMA Code Power 3--114......................
Setting the W-CDMA Scrambling Code Detection 3--117.........
Changing the Scrambling Code Setting 3--117................
How the Scrambling Code Setting is Indicated
in Displays 3 --118...................................
Displaying a cdmaOne Codogram 3--118.......................
Displaying a cdma2000 Codogram 3--120......................
cdma2000 Codogram Results Export File Format 3--121.......
Displaying a W-CDMA Codogram 3--122......................
Displaying a 1xEV-DO Codogram 3--124......................
Setting the Codogram Update Rate 3--125......................
Measuring cdmaOne and cdma2000 Pilot Power 3--127...........
Measuring W-CDMA Pilot Power and Sync Power 3--128.........
Measuring W-CDMA Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio
(ACLR) 3--130........................................
Measuring cdmaOne, cdma2000, or 1xEV-DO
Adjacent Channel Power Ratio (ACPR) 3--132...............
cdma2000 or 1xEV-DO Over-The-Air (OTA)
Measurements 3--133...................................
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
v
Table of Contents
Pilot Dominance and Multipath Power 3--135................
Multiple Measurements Sequencer 3-- 136......................
Limit Testing 3--138.......................................
Saving, Exporting, and Recalling Results, Traces,
and Settings 3--141.....................................
Saving Measurement Results 3--142...........................
What is Saved in a Measurement Results File 3--143..........
Recalling Measurement Results 3--143........................
Exporting Measurement Results 3--145........................
Exporting a Screen 3--146...................................
Saving a Trace 3--147......................................
Recalling a Trace 3--147....................................
Exporting a Trace 3--148...................................
Differences Between Exported Screens and Traces 3--149.........
Saving Setups 3--152.......................................
Recalling Setups 3--153....................................
Customizing the Setup menu 3--153...........................
Preventing Changes to Saved Setups 3--153..................
Enabling Changes to Saved Setups 3--155...................
Specifying the List of Saved Setups 3--155..................
Appendices
Appendix A: Specifications A--1...........................
Appendix B: Accessories B--1.............................
Standard Accessories B --1.................................
Optional Accessories B--2.................................
Appendix C: Measurement Options C--1....................
Appendix D: Installing Options and Upgrading
Software D--1........................................
Before Installing Options D--1..............................
Installing Options D-- 2....................................
Upgrading/Reinstalling the YBT250 Software D-- 5.............
vi
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Appendix E: Functional Verification Procedure E--1.........
Self Tests E--1..........................................
Functional Tests E--3.....................................
Appendix F: Supported Signal Standards F-- 1...............
Appendix G: Channel T able Definition File G--1.............
About the Signal Type G--1................................
Appendix H: Saved Measurement File Extensions H--1........
Glossary
Index
Table of Contents
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
vii
Table of Contents
viii
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
General Safety Summary
Review the following safety precautions to avoid injury and prevent
damage to this product or any products connected to it. To avoid
potential hazards, use this product only as specified.
Only qualified personnel should perform service procedures.
While using this product, you may need to access other parts of the
system. Read the General Safety Summary in other system manuals
for warnings and cautions related to operating the system.
WARNING. Do not connect to any source which may be subject to the
effects of lightning.
To Avoid Fire or Personal Injury
Use Proper Power Cord. Use only the power cord specified for this
product and certified for the country of use.
Connect and Disconnect Properly. Do not connect or disconnect probes
or test leads while they are connected to a voltage source.
Observe All Terminal Ratings. To avoid fire or shock hazard, observe all
ratings and markings on the product. Consult the product manual for
further ratings information before making connections to the product.
The common terminal is at ground potential. Do not connect the
common terminal to elevated voltages.
Replace Batteries Properly. Replace batteries only with the proper type
and rating specified.
Recharge Batteries Properly. Recharge batteries only as specified.
Use Proper AC Adapter. Use only the AC adapter specified for this
product.
Do Not Operate Without Covers. Do not operate this product with
covers or panels removed.
Wear Eye Protection. Wear eye protection if exposure to high-intensity
rays or laser radiation exists.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
ix
General Safety Summary
Do Not Operate With Suspected Failures. If you suspect there is damage
to this product, have it inspected by qualified service personnel.
Do Not Operate in an Explosive Atmosphere.
Safety Terms and Symbols
Terms in This Manual. These terms may appear in this manual:
WARNING. Warning statements identify conditions or practices that
could result in injury or loss of life.
CAUTION. Caution statements identify conditions or practices that
could result in damage to this product or other property.
Terms on the Product. These terms may appear on the product:
DANGER indicates an injury hazard immediately accessible as you
read the marking.
WARNING indicates an injury hazard not immediately accessible as
you read the marking.
CAUTION indicates a hazard to property including the product.
Symbols on the Product. These symbols may appear on the product:
CAUTION
Refer to Manual
x
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Environmental Considerations
This section provides information about the environmental impact of
the product.
Product End-of-Life Handling
Observe the following guidelines when recycling an instrument or
component:
Equipment Recycling. Production of this equipment required the
extraction and use of natural resources. The equipment may contain
substances that could be harmful to the environment or human health
if improperly handled at the product’s end of life. In order to avoid
release of such substances into the environment and to reduce the use
of natural resources, we encourage you to recycle this product in an
appropriate system that will ensure that most of the materials are
reused or recycled appropriately.
The symbol shown to the left indicates that this
product complies with the European Union’s
requirements according to Directive 2002/96/EC
on waste electrical and electronic equipment
(WEEE). For information about recycling
options, check the Support/Service section of the
Tektronix Web site (www.tektronix. com).
Battery Recycling. This product may contain a lithium ion (Li--ion)
rechargeable battery, which must be recycled or disposed of properly.
Please properly dispose of or recycle the battery according to local
government regulations.
Transporting Batteries
The lithium ion rechargeable battery pack in this product contains
less than 8 grams of equivalent lithium content, with individual cells
containing less than 1.5 grams of equivalent lithium, as measured by
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) standards. Consult
your air carrier for applicability and determination of any special
lithium ion battery transportation requirements.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
xi
Environmental Considerations
Restriction of Hazardous Substances
This product has been classified as Monitoring and Control
equipment, and is outside the scope of the 2002/95/EC RoHS
Directive. This product is known to contain lead, cadmium, mercury,
and hexavalent chromium.
xii
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Preface
The NetTekRYBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester is
part of the NetTek Base Transceiver Station (BTS) Field Tool family:
a high performance, portable, field-ready tester optimized for fast
trouble resolution and easy BTS performance verification. It is based
on the familiar and easy-to-use Windows CE operating system, so
you will spend less time learning the instrument and more time
troubleshooting the network.
The YBT250 verifies the most important RF transmit functions of
cdmaOne/cdma2000/1xEV-DO, TDMA IS-136, GSM/EDGE,
W-CDMA (UMTS), and Analog base stations. The YBT250 Field
Transmitter & Interference Tester has powerful analysis tools to
enable you to locate and identify interfering signals quickly. With its
built-in spectrum analysis display, the YBT250 enables you to easily
see signal problems. The spectrogram display makes it easier than
ever to spot intermittent signal problems.
About this Manual
This manual is divided into four sections: Getting Started, Operating
Basics, Reference, and Appendices.
The Getting Started section describes how to start using your
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester.
The Operating Basics section shows you how to operate the
YBT250.
The Reference section explains how to perform specific tests with the
YBT250.
The Appendices contain reference information such as specifications,
a functional verification procedure, and other information that you
might need occasionally.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
xiii
Preface
Additional Information
The YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester contains online
help to enable you to quickly get explanations of how to use your
YBT250. The online help is the first place you should look for
information about operating the YBT250.
Important information about configuring and operating the NetTek
Analyzer Platform is contained in the Getting Started section of this
manual.
Conventions
This manual uses the following convention. The statement Start >
Help is requesting that you open the Start menu and select Help. To
do this, tap the Start button in the toolbar at the bottom of the
desktop window; then tap Help in the resulting menu.
Software Version
xiv
This manual supports YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference
Testers running software version 1.5xx and greater. To verify your
software version, select Tools > Software Info when the YBT250 is
running.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Getting Started
Getting Started
This section describes the Y400 NetTek Analyzer Platform, on
which the NetTek YBT250 operates.
The NetTek Analyzer Platform
Figure 1--1 shows the NetTek Analyzer Platform layout. Figure 1--2
shows the front-panel controls and indicators. Figure 1--3 shows the
input and output ports.
Batteries
Application
modules
Touch
Screen
External
power
Front panel
Figure 1- 1: NetTek Analyzer Layout
CAUTION. Only use soft objects, such as plastic or your finger, to tap
the touch-screen display. Do not use metal or other abrasive
materials because they will damage the display surface.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
I/O ports
PC card
1- 1
Getting Started
Figure 1- 2: Front Panel Controls
1. Power/Suspend Switch. Push on; push off. See pages 1--11 and
2. Reset Switch. Push to perform a hardware reset if a lock-up
3. Status Indicator. Green indicates that the instrument is powered
123 4
1--12 for additional information.
occurs. All programs and data loaded into volatile memory since
power on are lost.
on. Amber indicates that the instrument is powered on but the
display is turned off (for power conservation).
1- 2
4. Batteries Indicator. Green indicates that the instrument is
connected to an external power source (and charging any
installed batteries). Red indicates a low battery.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Getting Started
1
3
2
4567
Figure 1- 3: I/O ports (Y400 NetTek Analyzer Platform)
1. Microphone input
2. Headphone jack
3. Ethernet connector (RJ-45)
4. Serial port (RS-232)
5. PS/2 keyboard connector
6. USB Host connector
7. USB Slave connector
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
1- 3
Getting Started
Installing and Removing a Module
If you purchased the YBT250 Application Module as a separate
item, you must install the module on a NetTek Analyzer platform
before you can take measurements. Refer to Figures 1--4 and 1--5 to
install or remove an application module.
CAUTION. To prevent damage to the NetTek Analyzer Platform or an
application module, you must power down the NetTek Analyzer
Platform and remove all cables or connectors before installing any
application module.
Remove
bus cover
Bus connector
1- 4
NetTek Analyzer Platform
Figure 1- 4: Removing the bus cover
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Getting Started
Attach bus
cover
Bus connector
Figure 1- 5: Attaching a module
Tighten thumb
screws (4)
Application
module
NOTE. Tighten the screws by pressing in slightly on them and turning
them in a clockwise direction. Use the coin slot in the top of the
thumb screw if you require additional torque. Tighten all screws
evenly, but do not overtighten.
To install additional modules (up to three), remove the bus cover
from the installed module and install the additional module on top of
the previously-installed module, as shown in the above figures.
To maintain the module or instrument seal integrity, reinstall the bus
cover onto the outermost module, or onto the NetTek Analyzer when
no module is installed.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
1- 5
Getting Started
Connecting External Power Supplies
To power the NetTek Analyzer Platform from AC mains or DC
vehicle voltage, or recharge installed batteries, connect the Desktop
Power Supply or the In-Vehicle Adapter to the NetTek Analyzer
Platform as shown in Figure 1--6. The Desktop Power Supply
operates from 100 VAC to 240 VAC mains.
Power adapter connector
(under bottom of strap)
1- 6
Figure 1- 6: External power supplies
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Batteries
Installing or Removing a Battery
The NetTek Analyzer Platform comes standard with a single battery,
which is not installed when the instrument is shipped. Refer to
Figures 1--7 through 1--9 for battery installati o n or removal steps.
NOTE. Disconnect power supply cables from the NetTek Analyzer
Platform before installing or removing batteries.
New batteries, or batteries that have not been used for an extended
period, must be charged before using them to power the instrument.
Refer to Charging a Battery on page 1--9 for more information.
Getting Started
Figure 1- 7: Opening the battery compartment
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
1- 7
Getting Started
retainer tab down and
Figure 1- 8: Opening the battery retainer
2. Rotate the
battery retainer
upward
1. Push the battery
towards the back of
instrument, then lift
Lift battery by strap
1- 8
Battery retainer in open
position
Install battery in any
available slot
Figure 1- 9: Installing/removing a battery
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Getting Started
NOTE. The battery electrical contacts, on the bottom of the battery,
must face in the direction shown in Figure 1-- 9.
Close and latch the battery retainer and battery compartment door
after installing or removing batteries.
Install the battery in either slot. You can add a second battery to
increase the operating time. Replace a battery with the specified type
only. To purchase a battery from Tektronix, please contact your
Tektronix Service Center for the correct part number.
Charging a Battery
To charge batteries, connect the instrument to an external power
supply (see Figure 1--6 on page 1--6) and let the battery or batteries
recharge in the instrument. Table 1 --1 lists the approximate charge
times for fully--discharged batteries. You can also charge batteries in
the optional external battery charger.
Table 1- 1: Approximate battery charge times
Number of batteries in
instrument
1 8 hours 3 hours
2 16 hours 6 hours
Instrument poweredonInstrument powered
off
NOTE. To achieve optimum performance from a new battery, fully
charge the battery. Then fully discharge the battery by leaving the
NetTek Analyzer Platform and application modules running (see
Start > Help > Settings > Power Management for information on
disabling the power saver function), then fully charge the battery
again.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
1- 9
Getting Started
Batteries are partially charged and calibrated at the factory. A
calibrated battery allows the NetTek Analyzer Platform to more
accurately estimate how much longer application modules can
operate before the instrument automatically powers off. The NetTek
Analyzer Platform always warns you before it powers off, so that
you can save important test results or settings.
To verify the status of your batteries at any time:
1. Select Start > Settings > Control Panel.
2. Double-tap the Power Management icon. The Batteries tab lists
If the battery charge is low, connect the NetTek Analyzer Platform to
an external power source and let the battery or batteries recharge in
the instrument for eight hours. For more information, select Start >
Help > Settings > Power Management > Charging Batteries.
Maximizing Battery Operating Time
For tips on how to maximize battery operating time, select
Start > Help > Settings > Power Management > Optimizing
Battery Life.
the status of each battery.
1- 10
Transporting Lithium-Ion Batteries
Regulations regarding transportation of lithium-ion batteries on
passenger aircraft may subject this product to special handling
restrictions. Consult your air carrier for applicability and determination of any special lithium-ion battery transportation requirements.
Each NetTek Analyzer Platform lithium-ion battery pack contains
less than 8 grams of lithium, with individual cells each containing
less than 1.5 grams of lithium, as measured by International Civil
Aviation Organization (ICAO) standards.
Battery Recycling
The NetTek Analyzer Platform uses replaceable Lithium Ion
batteries, which must be recycled or disposed of properly at the end
of product life. There may be specific legal requirements in your
community for battery collection and disposal. Contact your local
electronics recycler, relevant legal authority, or your Tektronix
representative for assistance in recycling batteries.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Powering On the Instrument
To power on the NetTek Analyzer Platform, press the large blue oval
front-panel switch in the lower-left corner. The green status indicator
to the right of the switch lights and the system begins its power-on
process. The touch-screen display and human interface are de scribed
in the Operating Basics section.
How the Software Loads
When you press the power switch on the front panel, the NetTek
Analyzer Platform powers on and runs its startup diagnostics (if
enabled). Once the NetTek Analyzer Platform has completed its
power-on sequence, installed application module software begins to
load.
If there is enough flash memory available, the software loads into
flash memory. If there is not enough flash memory available, then
the application module software loads into volatile memory (this
happens only with user-installed modules; if your application module
was purchased already installed on a NetTek Analyzer Platform the
software was loaded into flash memory at the factory).
Getting Started
Loading the software into flash memory reduces the application
module software power-on time. If the software is not loaded in flash
memory, the software must be loaded into the NetTek Analyzer
Platform each time the instrument is powered on, resulting in a
longer start up time.
Calibrating the Touch-Screen Display
For the touch-screen display to respond correctly to your taps, you
must set the stylus centering and double-tap speed.
Setting the stylus tap rate
1. Select Start > Settings > Control Panel.
2. Open (double-tap) the Stylus icon.
3. In the Double-Tap tab, double-tap the checkerboard grid at a
comfortable speed with your stylus or finger to set the tap rate.
4. Double-tap the checkerboard grid to verify your settings.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
1- 11
Getting Started
Setting the stylus centering
1. Select Start > Settings > Control Panel.
2. Open the Stylus icon.
3. In the Calibration tab, select Recalibrate.
4. Follow the on-screen instructions to set the location and amount
of pressure needed for the touch-screen to respond to your taps.
Apply pressure to the touch-screen for approximately 5 seconds
at each position, until the target moves.
5. Select OK to close the dialog box and save your settings.
Powering Off the Instrument
The NetTek Analyzer Platform has separate, but related, standby and
power off functions.
Suspend Mode
Use Suspend mode to place the NetTek Analyzer Platform in a
suspended (standby or sleep) state. This is the typical power down
mode that allows the application module software to remain in
volatile memory. If the NetTek Analyzer Platform remains in
Suspend mode for an extended time (approximately two hours), it
automatically enters Shutdown mode.
1- 12
To suspend analyzer operation, choose one of the following methods:
H Press the front-panel power switch.
H Select Start > Programs > Shutdown. In the Shut Down dialog
box, select Suspend.
To cancel Suspend mode and wake up the NetTek Analyzer
Platform, press the front-panel power switch. The instrument returns
to the state that existed before suspend mode was invoked.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Getting Started
Shutdown Mode
To completely power down the NetTek Analyzer Platform, do the
following:
1. Select Start > Programs > Shutdown.
2. In the Shut Down dialog box, select Shutdown.
A shutdown clears volatile memory, including the module software if
it is loaded in volatile memory, user setups, and measurement data
not saved to nonvolatile memory. For information on how to save
these items to nonvolatile memory:
1. Select Start > Help.
2. In the Help window select Tektronix Basics.
3. Select Store Data in Nonvolatile Memory.
The next time you press the front-panel power switch, the NetTek
Analyzer Platform cycles through the complete power up process,
taking about 30 seconds to completely power up.
Restart (Software Reset)
If the NetTek Analyzer Platform or module application stops
responding correctly, try performing a restart to clear the problem.
To restart the module software, do the following:
1. Select Start > Programs > Shutdown.
2. In the Shut Down dialog box, select Restart.
The display blanks for approximately five seconds. The module
software reloads and restarts. A restart does not empty volatile
memory.
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1- 13
Getting Started
Front-Panel Power Switch
Depending on the current state of the NetTek Analyzer Platform,
pressing the front-panel power switch performs one of the following
functions:
H If the NetTek Analyzer Platform is shut down: powers on the
instrument.
H If the NetTek Analyzer Platform is operating: initiates Suspend
mode.
H If the NetTek Analyzer Platform is in Suspend mode: cancels
Suspend mode and activates the module software.
H If the analyzer is in PowerSaver mode (touch-screen display off):
activates the display.
Preventing Personal Injury from the Effects of Lightning
WARNING. To prevent personal injury from the effects of lightning,
exercise the following precautions when using this product:
1- 14
Before connecting this product to any source
H Check your local weather forecast for the possibility of
thunderstorms or lightning.
H If weather conditions could allow thunderstorms or lightning to
develop, be sure to visually check the sky and weather conditions
in your area frequently.
H If you can hear thunder or if you see lightning, do not connect
this product to any source which may be exposed to the effects of
lightning.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Getting Started
H Use your own good judgement and common sense. You must
protect yourself from the effects of lightning.
H You must assume that hazardous voltages will be present on
exposed surfaces of this product if it is connected to a source
exposed to lightning. The insulation of this product will not
protect you from these hazardous voltages.
Do not connect this product to any source which might be subject to the effects of lightning
If thunderstorms or lightning are in your vicinity:
H When weather conditions that could lead to lightning activity
exist in your area, you could be at risk of a lightning strike
before the cloud is close enough for you to hear thunder or see
lightning.
H When lightning strikes a structure or facility, current travels
through the rebar, concrete, pipes, cables, vent stacks, and
electrical system.
H Lightning can induce electric and magnetic fields into structures
and portions of wiring. The length of a conductor affected by the
magnetic field of a lightning strike may exceed two miles.
Be alert and aware of the effects of lightning
H When lightning strikes a conductor, which in turn introduces the
current into an area some distance from the ground strike point,
equipment can be damaged and personnel injured if they
become an indirect path in the completion of the ground circuit.
H Conductors such as the braided shields of cables or unshielded
wires will have significant transient currents flowing in them in
regions exposed to the electric field effect of lightning.
H Induced voltages may cause breakdown of insulation in wiring at
connectors and in electrical components or breakdown of air.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
1- 15
Getting Started
Attaching Accessories
Setting Up the Tilt Stand
For floor or desktop use, attach the tilt stand to the NetTek Analyzer
Platform and fold into place. See Figure 1--10.
Attach tilt stand with
thumb screws (3)
Tilt stand
Stylus holders
1- 16
Bottom thumb screw
located under Velcro flap
Figure 1- 10: NetTek Analyzer Platform tilt stand
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Getting Started
To install the tilt stand with two or more instrument modules
attached, use the provided storage spacers as shown in Figure 1--11.
You can store cables and other accessories (such as the NetTek
YBGPS1 GPS Timing Reference receiver) in the spacer compartment. Each additional module installed requires a module storage
spacer, which can be stacked on top of each other.
Spacer(s)
Hook and Loop
fastener
Tilt stand
Instrument
module
Additional
instrument module
Figure 1- 11: Installing the tilt stand on multiple instrument modules
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
1- 17
Getting Started
Installing the Shoulder Strap and Strand Hook
Use the shoulder strap to carry the NetTek Analyzer Platform to the
job site. Install the strap on the instrument as shown in Figure 1--12.
You can also install the strap on the soft case.
Use the Strand hook to hang the instrument from a wire strand,
ladder, or other support. Install the strand hook as shown in
Figure 1--12.
CAUTION. The NetTek Analyzer Platform can weigh in excess of
12 kg (25 lbs), depending on the number of batteries and instrument
modules installed. Use caution when hanging the instrument from
any support.
1- 18
Figure 1- 12: NetTek Analyzer Platform shoulder strap and strand hook
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Operating Basics
Operating Basics
This section explains the essential things you need to know to
operate the YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester.
Overview
The YBT250 is a member of the Tektronix NetTek Series of modular
instruments that are based on the NetTek Analyzer Platform. A
NetTek Series instrument consists of a hardware module, application
software, and the NetTek Analyzer Platform. A NetTek Series
instrument, such as the YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference
Tester, can be purchased with or without a NetTek Analyzer
Platform. Because a NetTek Analyzer Platform can support four
instrument modules, it is a highly flexible instrument that can be
reconfigured to meet your changing needs.
The NetTek Analyzer Platform is a specialized Windows CE-based
computer. The NetTek Analyzer Platform provides the power source
and display for NetTek Series instruments. Each NetTek Series
instrument provides the circuitry and the software necessary for
signal measurement and analysis.
The NetTek Analyzer Platform comes with a touchscreen and stylus.
Use the stylus as you would a mouse on your desktop computer. You
can select an object by tapping it, move it by dragging it or activate
(“open”) it by double-tapping it with your finger or a stylus.
CAUTION. Only use soft objects, such as plastic or your finger, to tap
the touch-screen display. Do not use metal or other abrasive
materials, as they will damage the display surface.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
2- 1
Operating Basics
Getting Help
To open the Help window and obtain general information on
YBT250 topics, tap Start > Help and select YBT250.
There are three ways to display Help when you are running the
YBT250 software:
H Tap the
display. This displays the top level of the YBT250 help.
H Tap underlined text on the screen. This displays the Help topic
for that item.
H Display Help from some dialog boxes by tapping the Help button
in the bottom-right corner of the dialog box.
The Help Window
Table 2--1 describes the primary Help window buttons.
Table 2- 1: Help window buttons
Tap this button To
icon in the upper-right corner of the YBT250
All Topics Displays the main table of contents.
Back Returns to the previous help screen.
Contents Displays the current program or local table of
contents.
Toggles between full-screen and a smaller help
text window.
2- 2
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Navigating the Desktop
The NetTek Analyzer Platform desktop is your primary workspace.
Use the desktop to configure hardware and software, adjust settings,
establish communications, and access built-in applications.
Icon
Operating Basics
Desktop
Taskbar
Icons
Double-tap desktop icons to open folders or to start programs.
Taskbar
The Taskbar contains the Start menu, buttons to identify the
programs you are running, a status area, and a desktop icon.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
2- 3
Operating Basics
Start menu
Program button Status area
Start Menu. UsetheStartmenutoloadandrunotherinstrument
Desktop button
modules and other programs, access settings, open documents, and
obtain help. Select (tap) Start to open the menu; then select the entry
you want.
Tap Start to display the menu
2- 4
Program Buttons. To hide a program that is running, tap its taskbar
button. To restore the program, tap the button again.
Status Area. Icons and buttons appearing in this area indicate status,
activate features, or open settings windows. Double-tap the icons for
further information.
Table 2--2 explains the function of some common status icons. For a
complete list and explanation of all status area icons, refer to the
NetTek Analyzer Platform online help. Select Start > Help.Inthe
Help window select Windows CE Basics; then select Understand-
ing T askbar Icons.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Table2-2:Statusareaicons
Tap this
icon To Details
Operating Basics
Double-tap to open the Power
Management utility.
Double-tap to open the Power
Management utility.
Double-tap to open the Power
Management utility.
Double-tap to open the Backlight
utility.
Single-tap to open the Input
Panel soft keyboard.
Double-tap to open the Date/Time
utility.
Single-tap to minimize all windows and display the desktop.
The analyzer is operating
on external AC power.
The analyzer is charging
batteries.
The analyzer is operating
on battery power. Also
indicates charge level.
Adjust the backlight brightness.
Single-taptoclosethe
keyboard.
Set the date and time.
Tap again to restore all
windows.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
2- 5
Operating Basics
Starting the YBT250 Software
If you purchased your YBT250 installed on NetTek Analyzer
Platform, it comes from the factory set to automatically start the
YBT250 software when you power on the NetTek Analyzer
Platform.
If you added your YBT250 module to a NetTek Analyzer Platform
you already own, see page 2--7 for instructions on how to start the
YBT250 software or set the software to load at startup.
To start the YBT250 software:
H Double-tap the YBT250 icon on the desktop or select
Start > Programs > NetT ek > YBT250
When the YBT250 software starts for the first time, it displays the
Spectrum display. as shown in Figure 2--1. Subsequent starts display
the screen that was active prior to instrument power off.
2- 6
Figure 2- 1: The Spectrum display
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Operating Basics
Setting the YBT250 Software to Load at Startup
If you purchased your YBT250 as a module to use on an existing
NetTek Analyzer Platform, you can set the YBT250 to load at
startup.
To set the YBT250 as the startup application:
1. Select Start > Programs > Tektronix Utilities > System
Configuration.
2. On the Software tab, select the StartUp checkbox for the
YBT250. See Figure 2--2.
3. Close the System Configuration window.
The next time the NetTek Analyzer Platform is powered on, the
YBT250 software starts up automatically.
Figure 2- 2: Setting the StartUp Application
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
2- 7
Operating Basics
Elements of the Display
Figure 2--3 shows shows the four key areas of the YBT250 Field
Transmitter & Interference Tester display.
Tuning controls Command bar area
2- 8
Measurement area Shared
control area
Figure 2- 3: YBT250 display elements
H Tuning Controls Area: This area contains the controls used to
specify the signal standard and measurement frequency. See
page 2--11.
H Command Bar Area: This area contains the menu bar and some
instrument control buttons. See page 2--10.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Operating Basics
H Shared Control Area: This area contains GPS and reference
frequency status buttons, the instrument measurement function
buttons, and the control knob and associated fields. See
page 2--9.
H Measurement Area: This area contains the measurement results
and waveform displays. The appearance of this area changes
depending on the selected instrument function and measurement
type. See page 2--12.
Shared Control Area
Table 2--3 describes the Shared Control Area elements.
Table 2- 3: Shared control area elements
Button Function
Indicates the overall GPS signal quality. Tapping
this button opens the GPS tab for selecting GPS
receiver type and other GPS-related settings.
Shows the measurement frequency reference
source: the internal instrument frequency
reference, an external reference, or a GPSderived timing reference from the YBGPS1 GPS
Timing Reference. Tapping this button opens the
Inputs tab.
Shows the external attenuator or amplifier status.
Tapping this button opens the Inputs tab where
you can set signal amplification or attenuation
values..
Displays the Measure window (only if RF
Measurement or Demodulation Option is
installed). See page 3--69 for descriptions of
Measure display buttons and icons.
Displays the Spectrum window. See page 3--2 for
descriptions of Spectrum display buttons and
icons.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
2- 9
Operating Basics
Table 2- 3: Shared control area elements (Cont.)
Button Function
Displays the Interference window if the appropriate
options are installed. See page 3--36 for descriptions of Interference display buttons and icons.
Displays the measurement Sequencer window.
This window provides a way to display multiple
measurement results in a single window.
This area shows the control assigned to the knob
and the value of that control.
The Keypad button enables you to enter numbers
using an on-screen numeric keypad.
The Knob is used to change the value of the
assigned control.
2- 10
Command Bar Area
Table 2--4 describes the Command Bar elements.
Table 2- 4: Command bar area elements
Button/Icon Function
The application menus.
Saves measurement results to a file.
Displays the Setup window, which lets you set
measurement-related parameters.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Table 2- 4: Command bar area elements (Cont.)
Button/Icon Function
Displays the Open dialog box, which enables
you to select a saved setup to load. Replaces the
Edit button when Hide Setup Controls is
selected.
Toggles between running and pausing (stopping)
measurements.
Shows that the YBT250 is stopped. The
Timestamp Readout appears when measurements are stopped.
Shows that the YBT250 is acquiring measurements.
Shown when displaying recalled data.
Opens the instrument Online Help.
Operating Basics
Tuning Control Area
Table 2--5 describes the Tuning Control Area elements (left to right).
Table 2- 5: Tuning control area elements
Button Function
This drop-down list selects the signal standard and
channel table.
This button changes the Freq (MHz) setting to the
forward link (downlink) frequency for the selected
channel, or, in the case of W-CDMA, selects the
corresponding forward channel.
This button changes the Freq (MHz) setting to the
reverse link (uplink) frequency for the selected
channel, or, in the case of W-CDMA, selects the
corresponding reverse channel.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
2- 11
Operating Basics
Table 2- 5: Tuning control area elements (Cont.)
Button Function
Measurement Area
Icons and buttons in the Measurement Area change depending on the
function selected by the Shared Control buttons:
H For descriptions of Measure display buttons and icons, see
page 3--69.
H For descriptions of Spectrum display buttons and icons, see
page 3--2.
This button is used to set the Channel number.
The frequency will be set to the appropriate value
for the selected channel. Tap the button to use the
numeric keypad; tap the box to use the knob.
This button is used to set the Measurement
Frequency. Tap the button to use the numeric
keypad; tap the box to use the knob.
H For descriptions of Interference display buttons and icons, see
page 3--36.
Using the Touch Screen
To select items on the display, just touch them. For example, to
display a signal spectrum, simply touch the Spectrum button at the
middle right of the display (labeled with a 2).
2- 12
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Operating Basics
Using the Knob
To assign the knob to a control, tap the control to be changed.
Change the value by:
H Tapping the left/right arrows on the bottom half of the control
knob to make small changes
H Tapping to the left or right of the small circle (on the top half) to
make larger changes
H Placing a finger inside the “circle” and dragging it left or right
until the control is set to the desired value
Using the Numeric Keypad
To change a value using the numeric keypad:
1. Tap the control whose value is to be changed (to assign the value
to the numeric keypad).
2. Tap the numeric keypad button above the control knob.
3. Type the new value, including units when present.
4. Tap OK, when present, to accept the new value.
YBT250 Menus
The YBT250 menu bar has four menus. These menus are File, View,
Setup, and Tools. Some menu commands have keyboard shortcuts
for use when an optional keyboard is attached to the NetTek
Analyzer Platform, but not all menu commands have keyboard
shortcuts.
There are three menu commands in the File menu that change
depending on the displayed window. The commands are Save
Trace/Results, Save Trace/Results As, and E xport Trace/Results.
Save Trace, Save Trace As and Export Trace commands appear
when the Spectrum and Interference windows are displayed (when a
signal spectrum is displayed). Save Results, Save Results As and
Export Results commands appear when the Measure window is
displayed (when measurements are displayed). See Tables 2 --6
and 2--7.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
2- 13
Operating Basics
Table 2- 6: The File menu (Measure window)
Menu item Control key Description
Open Ctrl + O Displays the Open Results dialog
Save Results Ctrl + S Save measurement results to a file.
Save Results As -- -- -- Save measurement results to a file;
Compare Saved -- -- -- Display two saved results for visual
Export Results As -- -- -- Save measurement results in a file
box.
The file is automatically named and
stored in \BuiltInDisk\YBT250\AppData\Results.
displays Save dialog box so you
can name the file and specify
where it is saved.
comparison. (Disabled)
format that can be used by word
processing or spreadsheet applications.
2- 14
Export Screen As -- -- -- Store an image of the display that
can be used by word processing or
image editing applications.
Print Ctrl + P Prints the displayed window’s data.
Results Properties -- -- -- Displays a dialog box that shows
information saved with a results file.
Exit -- -- -- Quits the YBT250 program.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Operating Basics
Table 2- 7: The File menu (Spectrum/Interference windows)
Menu item Control key Description
Open Ctrl + O Displays the Open Results dialog
box.
Save Trace Ctrl + S Saves a Trace to a file. The file is
automatically named and stored in
\BuiltInDisk\YBT250\AppData\Results.
Save Trace As -- -- -- Store Trace in a file; displays Save
dialog box to enable you to name
the file and specify where it is
saved.
Compare Saved -- -- -- Display two saved results for visual
comparison.
Export Trace As -- -- -- Store Trace in a file format that can
be used by word processing or
spreadsheet applications.
Export Screen As -- -- -- Store an image of the display that
can be used by word processing or
image editing applications.
Print Ctrl + P Prints the displayed window’s data.
Results Properties -- -- -- Displays a dialog box that shows
information saved with a results file.
Exit -- -- -- Quits the YBT250 program.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
2- 15
Operating Basics
Table 2--8 describes the View menu elements.
Table 2- 8: The View menu
Menu item Control key Description
Trace 2 -- -- -- Displays/Hides second trace.
Rotate Trace Order -- -- -- Changes the order of traces in the
Define Trace 2 -- -- -- Displays the Trace 2 & Mask tab of
Mask -- -- -- Enables Mask Testing.
Define Mask -- -- -- Displays the Trace 2 & Mask tab of
Markers Ctrl + M Displays/Hides marker controls and
graph (front versus back).
the Setup window, enabling you to
specify the source of Trace 2.
the Setup window, enabling you to
specify the mask file to use for
mask testing and any action to
perform on mask failure.
readouts.
2- 16
Band Edge Cursor -- -- -- Displays/Hides band edge cursors.
M1 Trace 1,
M2 Trace 2
Both on front trace Places both markers on the front
Both on Trace 1 Places both markers on Trace 1
Both on Trace 2 Places both markers on Trace 2
Places marker M1 on Trace 1, and
places marker M2 on Trace 2 (only
with Trace 2 enabled).
trace (only with Trace 2 enabled).
(only with Trace 2 enabled).
(only with Trace 2 enabled).
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Operating Basics
Table 2--9 describes the elements of the Setup menu.
Table 2- 9: The Setup menu
Menu item Control key Description
Edit.. Ctrl + T Displays the Setup window.
Open... -- -- -- Displays the Open Setup dialog box.
Save... -- -- -- Savescurrentsetuptoafile.
Preset Ctrl + A Recalls defaults except for Signal
Standard, Channel and Frequency;
sets the span to cover the selected
Signal Standards frequency range.
<Saved Setup 1--N> Name of most recently used setup files
or files specified in Tools > Options >
Settings Menu. Up to 10 files can be
displayed.
Table 2--10 describes the elements of the Tools menu.
Table 2- 10: The Tools menu
Menu item Control key Description
Options... -- -- -- Displays the Options window.
Keyboard Ctrl + K Displays/Hides the soft keyboard.
Touchscreen
Calibration
Mask Maker -- -- -- Displays the Mask Maker utility.
Frequency Correction -- -- -- Displays the utility for improving
Factory Reset -- -- -- Resets all YBT250 settings to original
-- -- -- Displays the Windows CE Stylus utility.
frequency measurement accuracy.
factory values; overwrites existing
settings.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
2- 17
Operating Basics
Table 2- 10: The Tools menu (Cont.)
Menu item DescriptionControl key
Upgrade Software -- -- -- Displays the utility for enabling soft-
Technical Support -- -- -- Displays technical support contact
Software Info -- -- -- Displays the SW Properties
Hardware Info -- -- -- Displays the HW Properties
Entering Text
ware options or installing a new
version of the YBT250 application.
information.
window which lists, among other
things, the installed options,
Options key, and software version.
window which lists, among other
things, serial number, hardware
versions, and Global ID.
2- 18
The Input Panel soft keyboard lets you type characters into text
boxes or address fields without using an external keyboard.
To display and use the soft keyboard, tap the
icon in the toolbar
status area. Figure 2--4 shows the default keyboard.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Operating Basics
Figure 2- 4: The Soft Keyboard
To set soft keyboard properties, or switch between a large keyboard
(default) and a smaller keyboard, select Start > Settings > Control
Panel. Open the Input Panel icon, and then select Options.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
2- 19
Operating Basics
2- 20
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Connecting a Signal
This section explains how to connect an RF signal, a timing
reference and a frequency reference to the YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester.
YBT250 Inputs
Figure 2--5 identifies the YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference
Tester inputs.
12 3
Figure 2- 5: YBT250 inputs.
1. The Timing Input connects to an external timing reference signal,
such as a BTS Even Second Clock signal, or the timing signal
from a Tektronix YBGPS1 GPS Timing Reference.
2. The Frequency Reference Input
3. The RF Input connects to the RF signal source or measurement
antenna.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
2- 21
Connecting a Signal
RF Signal Input
The RF input characteristics are:
H The input impedance is 50 Ω.
H The input frequency range is from 30 MHz to 2500 MHz.
H The maximum continuous input power is 1 W.
CAUTION. To prevent damage to the YBT250, continuous input
signals should not exceed 1 Watt. If a signal between 1 Watt and
50 Watts is connected to the RF INPUT, the input protection circuitry
displays a warning and halts operation until the input overload is
corrected. Input signals over 50 Watts will damage the input
circuitry.
The input signal-level requirements for measurement accuracy
depend on the selected measurement and the installed options. See
Appendix A (Specifications) for the appropriate input signal levels
for specific combinations of measurements and installe d options.
To measure a signal with very high or very low power levels, you
may need to connect an external attenuator or amplifier. See
Connecting an RF Signal (below) for instructions on using an
external attenuator or amplifier with the YBT250 to set appropriate
signal input levels.
Connecting an RF Signal
Connect a signal from a base station transmitter test port to the
YBT250 RF INPUT connector.
If there is no test port, do the following:
1. Disconnect the transmitter cable from the antenna.
2. If the transmitter output signal level is too high (refer to the
specifications in Appendix A), connect the transmitter output
signal to an attenuator, and then connect the output of the
attenuator to the RF Input connector.
2- 22
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Connecting a Signal
CAUTION. To prevent damage to the YBT250, continuous input
signals should not exceed 1 Watt. If a signal between 1 Watt and
50 Watts is connected to the input, the input protection circuitry
displays a warning and halts operation until the input overload is
corrected. Input signals over 50 Watts will damage the input
circuitry.
3. If the transmitter output signal level is too low (see the
specifications in Appendix A), connect the transmitter output
signal to an external amplifier, and then connect the output of the
amplifier to the RF Input connector.
4. If you use an external attenuator or amplifier on the input signal,
you need to set the YBT250 to adjust the readouts and displays to
account for the use of an attenuator or amplifier.
a. Tap the RF Input Signal status button (see Figure 2--6 ) to
display the Inputs tab (see Figure 2--7).
Figure 2- 6: Location of RF Input Signal status button
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
2- 23
Connecting a Signal
Figure 2- 7: Changing RF input settings
b. If you are not using external attenuation or amplification,
verify that the No external attenuation or amplification
setting is selected.
2- 24
c. If you are using an external attenuator, select External
attenuator connected. Tap the numeric keypad and enter
the attenuator loss value. For example, if you are using a
20 dB attenuator, tap 20 on the numeric keypad, and then
tap OK.
d. If you are using an external amplifier, select External
amplifier connected. Tap the numeric keypad and enter
the value of the amplifier gain. For example, if the
amplifier has a 10 dB gain, tap 10 on the numeric keypad,
andthentapOK.
e. Once you have finished verifying the settings, tap OK at
the bottom of the window.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Connecting a Timing Reference
To properly measure PN Offset and Tau/Pilot Time Alignment Error
(requires Option CD1, CD2, or CDE), you must connect an external
Even Second Clock signal to the YBT250. Figure 2--5 on page 2--21
shows the location of the timing reference input connector.
To connect an Even Second Clock signal to the YBT250, connect the
BTS Even Second Clock signal, or the NetTek YBGPS1 GPS Timing
Reference Timing cable to the TIMING INPUT connector. The
signal is automatically detected by the YBT250.
The NetTek YBGPS1 GPS Timing Reference provides timing pulses
that the YBT250 uses to derive an Even Second Clock. This lets the
YBT250 measure CDMA PN Offset and Tau/Pilot Time Alignment
without being attached to the BTS ESC signal. If Option CS1 is
installed, the YBT250 can also make cdma2000 over the air (OTA)
measurements.
Improving Measurement Accuracy
Connecting a Signal
There are three ways to improve YBT250 measurement accuracy:
H Use an external frequency reference while taking measurements
(see the following section)
H Use an external frequency reference to create and store custom
frequency correction factors with the YBT250 (see page 2--28)
H Use the Tektronix YBGPS1 GPS Timing Reference to provide
GPS-derived timing accuracy (GPS information starts on
page 2--51)
Using an External Frequency Reference
You can improve the accuracy of Carrier Frequency and Frequency
Error measurements by connecting an external frequency reference
signal to the YBT250 during measurements. The external frequency
reference input connector is located on the top of the YBT250 and is
labeled FREQUENCY REFERENCE INPUT. See Figure 2 --5 on
page 2--21 for the location of the frequency reference input
connector.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
2- 25
Connecting a Signal
The external reference signal requirements are:
H The YBT250 locks on to signals that are within 1 ppm of an
acceptable frequency.
H The external frequency reference input impedance is 50 ohms.
H The signal level is between --15 dBm and +15 dBm.
Table 2--11 lists the acceptable external frequency reference signals.
Table 2- 11: Accepted external frequency reference signals
External reference
frequency Transmitter/Frequency reference
1to15MHz,in1MHzsteps
4.8 MHz For Nortel BTS equipment.
10 MHz Standard frequency from WWV and other
13 MHz For GSM systems.
high-accuracy references.
2- 26
15 MHz For Lucent W-CDMA.
1MHz,2MHz,5MHz Along with 10 MHz, these are standard for
Rubidium and other high-accuracy References.
19.6608 MHz For Motorola, Qualcomm, and newer Nortel.
Used for CDMA only.
1.2288 MHz, 2.4576 MHz,
4.9152 MHz, 9.8304 MHz
2.048 MHz For Ericsson BTS equipment with E1 reference
These are also multiples of the CDMA chip rate.
source
To connect an external frequency reference to the YBT250, connect
the frequency reference signal to the FREQUENCY REFERENCE
INPUT connector. The YBT250 automatically detects the reference
signal. When a valid external frequency reference is present, it is
used as the frequency (time base) reference.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Connecting a Signal
To verify that the YBT250 recognizes the frequency reference
signal, do the following:
1. Tap the EDIT button.
2. Tap the Inputs tab.
When the YBT250 recognizes an external frequency reference,
the External Frequency Reference Input field displays an icon
identifying the reference type, and text providing signal
information. Figure 2--8 shows typical external frequency
reference input displays for an external signal (upper image) and
for when a NetTek YBGPS1 GPS Timing Reference is connected.
Figure 2- 8: External frequency reference locked signal
If the YBT250 does not recognize the frequency reference, or
cannot lock onto the signal, the External Frequency Reference
Input box displays an icon with the letters INT and displays the
text:
No valid external reference signal found. Using internal frequency
reference.
Check the connections and verify that the frequency reference is
within the correct frequency range and level.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
2- 27
Connecting a Signal
Creating Frequency Correction Factors
You may be able to improve frequency measurement accuracy by
creating custom frequency correction factors using the YBT250
frequency correction utility. This utility compares the YBT250
internal frequency reference to an external reference and calculates
correction values to align the internal frequency reference with the
external reference. You can then choose to use either the frequency
correction values or the original factory-generated values when at a
remote site.
CAUTION. You should run the Frequency Correction utility only if
you have a known high-quality Reference source. The Reference
source frequency accuracy directly affects the accuracy of the
frequency correction values. A poorly calibrated Reference source
can result in correction values that degrade measurement results.
To run the frequency correction utility:
1. Power on and run the YBT250 for at least 10 minutes before
running the Frequency Correction utility.
2- 28
2. Connect a frequency reference signal to the YBT250 FREQUENCY REFERENCE INPUT connector.
3. Select Tools > Frequency Correction. This displays the
Frequency Correction dialog shown in Figure 2--9.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Connecting a Signal
Figure 2- 9: The Frequency Correction dialog
4. To calculate new frequency correction values, tap Run New
Correction. This displays the dialog shown in Figure 2--10.
Figure 2- 10: Ready to calculate new correction values
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
2- 29
Connecting a Signal
If the reference frequency is detected, the frequency is shown in
the dialog box. If the reference frequency is not detected, “----” is
displayed instead of a frequency. If the reference frequency is not
displayed within 15 seconds, check the connection to the external
frequency reference.
5. If the reference frequency is detected, tap Finish > to calculate
new frequency correction values. If the calculation of new
frequency correction values is successful, the dialog shown in
Figure 2--11 appears.
2- 30
Figure 2- 11: New frequency correction values calculated successfully
6. Tap Close. This displays the initial frequency correction dialog
shown in Figure 2--12.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Connecting a Signal
Figure 2- 12: The Frequency Correction dialog
7. To use the new frequency correction values, select Use
Corrected Values,thentapOK.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
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Connecting a Signal
2- 32
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Changing Instrument Settings
Before you can fully utilize the YBT250 you need to set some
instrument settings. For example, the YBT250 displays measurements only for enabled signal standards. If the signal standard used
in your system is not enabled, you will not be able to take measurements for your system until you enable the Signal Standard.
Enabling Signal Standards
The currently selected signal standard controls the channels available
for measurements and which measurements are available. Before
you begin using the YBT250, you must ensure that the standard for
your system has been enabled. You can only take measurements on
enabled standards. Signal standards are enabled from the Options
window.
To enable signal standards:
1. Select Tools > Options.
2. Tap the Signal Standards tab. See Figure 2--13.
The supported standards are shown in the list on the left side of
the window.
NOTE. If you need to test a standard that does not appear in the list
of supported standards, you can create a custom channel table file
for the standard. See page 2--40.
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2- 33
Changing Instrument Settings
Figure 2- 13: The Signal Standards tab
3. Tap the name of the standard in the left-side list that you want to
enable.
2- 34
4. Tap Add>> to add the standard to the right list field.
5. When you have enabled all the standards you will be testing, tap
OK.
Only enabled standards are selectable from the signal standards
list that appears in the tuning controls area of the display. When
you take measurements with the YBT250, you can only take
measurements on enabled standards. You should limit the number
of standards enabled to just those you test regularly to make it
easier to select a standard from the Signal Standard drop-down
list.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Setting Display Preferences
You can change the color scheme used in the instrument display.
There are three color schemes,one monochrome scheme, and a color
scheme optimized for black and white printouts. Color schemes
specified in the YBT250 do not affect standard Windows CE screen
items. The YBT250 color schemes affect only measurement graphs
and results readouts in the YBT250 display.
To specify the color scheme used by the YBT250:
1. Select Tools > Options.
2. Tap the Preferences tab. See Figure 2--14.
Changing Instrument Settings
Figure 2- 14: Preferences tab showing available color schemes
3. To display a list of the available color schemes, tap the Color
Scheme list box. Available color schemes are Indoor Viewing,
Outdoor Viewing, Dark on white, Monochrome grays, and Black
on White for Printer.
4. To select a color scheme, tap the name of the desired color
scheme.
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Changing Instrument Settings
5. Tap OK to save the change.
6. To view the changed color scheme, exit and restart the YBT250
program.
To change the Windows CE display properties, tap Take Me There.
This displays the Windows CE Display Properties window, where
you can set the display background and window color scheme.
Setting Up the Channel Table
Before taking measurements, you must set the measurement
frequency. You set the measurement frequency either by entering the
appropriate frequency or by selecting a channel. It is quicker to
select a channel than to enter a frequency. Selecting a channel to set
the measurement frequency can save you valuable time and
minimizes entry errors.
A quick way to select a channel number is to use the knob. By
tapping the left and right arrows on the knob, you can quickly
change the selected channel and thus, the measurement frequency.
The channels that are selectable using the knob are set by the Quick
Select List. The channels listed in the Quick Select List are specified
by the Channel Table.
2- 36
You set up the Channel Table by enabling channels individually or
by using the Channel Wizard. If you want to enable a large number
of channels, use the Channel Wizard to save time.
To set up the Channel Table by enabling channels individually:
1. Tap the Edit button.
2. Tap the Ch Table tab. See Figure 2--15. Channels are enabled
according to the signal standard. Therefore, you must select the
signal standard before you enable the channels within that
standard.
3. Select the desired signal standard from the Signal Standard list.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Figure 2- 15: The Channel Table tab
4. To enable a channel:
Changing Instrument Settings
a. Tap the box in the Mark column next to the desired
channel. Enabled channels are marked with an X.
b. You can mark all channels by tapping the Mark All
Channels button.
Enabled channels are added to the Quick Select List. The Quick
Select List determines which channels can be selected by the
knob. For example, suppose only channels 1, 2, 5, and 6 are
enabled. If channel 1 is the current channel and you tap the right
arrow (on the bottom half) on the knob, the next channel selected
will be channel 2. If you tap the knob again, the next channel
selected will be 5. Tap the right arrow once more and channel 6
will be selected. If you tap the right arrow once more, the
channel selected will not change, because there are no channels
enabled after 6.
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2- 37
Changing Instrument Settings
5. To disable a selected channel:
a. Tap the box in the Mark column next to the enabled
channel so that the box is empty.
b. You can disable or “unmark” all channels by tapping the
Clear All Channels button.
6. When you have marked all the channels you wish to enable, tap
OK to save your changes.
To set up the Channel Table using the Channel Wizard:
1. Tap the Edit button.
2. Tap the Ch Table tab.
Channels are enabled by signal standard. Thus, before you enable
channels, you must specify the signal standard.
3. Select the desired signal standard from the Signal Standard list.
4. To enable channels using the Channel Wizard, tap the Channel
Wizard... button. This displays the window shown in Fig-
ure 2--16.
2- 38
The Channel Wizard needs three numbers to determine which
channels to enable. The first number needed is the first channel
that should be enabled. The second number needed is the last
channel to be enabled. The third number is the interval between
enabled channels.
5. To set the first channel number:
a. Tap the numeric keypad button next to the First Channel
box.
b. Tap the appropriate numbers to set the first channel
number.
c. Tap OK when finished.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Figure 2- 16: The Channel Wizard
6. To set the last channel number:
Changing Instrument Settings
a. Tap the numeric keypad button next to the Last Channel
box.
b. Tap the appropriate numbers to set the last channel
number.
c. Tap OK when finished.
7. To set the interval between enabled channels:
a. Tap the numeric keypad button next to the Interval box.
Next, tap the appropriate number for the interval.
For example, to enable every channel, set the interval to 1.
To enable every other channel, set the interval to 2. To
enable every third channel, set the interval to 3.
b. To add the specified channels to the existing channel
table, select Add these channels to the current table.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
2- 39
Changing Instrument Settings
c. To replace the current channel table with the specified
selections, select Replace the current table with these
channels.
d. Tap OK when finished.
8. Tap OK to close the Setup window.
Customizing the Channel Table
The Channel Table is a file used by the YBT250 to specify the
characteristics of the channels assigned to a signal standard. You can
customize the Channel Table to suit the specific needs of your
system. For example, if you have set the bandwidth of your channels
to be wider than the standard bandwidth, you can specify the wider
bandwidth in a customized Channel Table.
Because the channel bandwidth is used in some measurements, if
your system’s channel bandwidth is non-standard and the YBT250 is
using the standard Channel Table, a measurement based on the
standard channel bandwidth will not be accurate for your system.
2- 40
The YBT250 looks for a file named userstandards.txt in the
\BuiltInDisk folder when it starts up. If it does not find the file, the
YBT250 then looks for the standard channel table file, signalstandards.txt, in the NetTekApps\YBT250 folder. If that file is not found,
a dialog box is displayed informing you that no standards file was
found, so a new channel table will be generated using internal
default values.
Creating a Custom Channel Table
To create a custom channel table:
1. Locate the existing signalstandards.txt file in either the
\BuiltInDisk\NetTekApps\YBT250 folder or
\NetTekApps\YBT250 folder (only if the application software is
loaded into volatile memory instead of flash memory).
2. Copy the signalstandards.txt file to the \BuiltInDisk folder.
The YBT250 will look only in the \BuiltInDisk folder for a
custom channel table.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Changing Instrument Settings
3. Rename signalstandards.txt to userstandards.txt.
4. Edit the contents of the file to suit your systems settings.
When editing your userstandards.txt file, it is safer to copy a row and
then edit the copied row to meet your requirements than to modify
an existing row.
Table 2--12 lists the elements of the Channel Table file.
Table 2- 12: Channel table file contents
Column heading Description
Standard Name The text string used to identify the standard. This name is
what appears in the Signal Standard list.
Each line in the channel table should describe a single
group of channels for a standard. If a standard is made up
of multiple groups or blocks of channels then you should
make an entry for each group. When multiple groups are
required, they should be ordered in channel number
sequence and contiguous. To tie the groups together, the
Unique Standard ID must be the same for each group.
Forward Base Frequency Forward base frequency for each signal standard. The
actual frequency for each channel is calculated.
For signal standards that specify a single frequency for each
channel (for example, the UTRA/FDD scheme used by
W-CDMA (UMTS)), each row in the file will describe a
group of forward or a group of reverse channels. The row
that describes forward channels should specify zero for the
reverse base frequency. The row that describes reverse
channels should specify zero for the forward base
frequency.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
2- 41
Changing Instrument Settings
Table 2- 12: Channel table file contents (Cont.)
Column heading Description
Reverse Base Frequency Reverse base frequency for each signal standard. The
actual frequency for each channel is calculated.
For signal standards that specify a single frequency for each
channel (for example, the UTRA/FDD scheme used by
W-CDMA (UMTS)), each row in the file will describe a
group of forward or a group of reverse channels. The row
that describes forward channels should specify zero for the
reverse base frequency. The row that describes reverse
channels should specify zero for the forward base
frequency.
Signal Bandwidth The signal bandwidth. If the signal to be measured is 100
kHz wide but the channels are spaced 200 kHz apart then
this field should contain 100000.
Starting Channel Number The starting channel number for a block of channels.
Ending Channel Number The ending channel number for a block of channels.
Channel Increment Amount If the channels increment by 1, then a 1 goes in here. If by
2, then a 2 goes in here. If by 5...
Channel Spacing Sets the spacing between channels. For instance, if you
have a standard that has signals that are 100 kHz wide but
the channels in you system are spaced 200 kHz apart, then
this field should contain 200000.
Channel Offset Offset applied to channel number before calculating the
channel frequency from the channel number.
Unique Standard ID Must be between 0 and 400. It is used to tie multiple blocks
of channels together into a single standard. A block of
channels is a single row in the channel table file.
2- 42
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Table 2- 12: Channel table file contents (Cont.)
Column heading Description
Signal Type 1 = CDMAOne
2 = AMPS
3 = TDMA IS136
4 = GSM/EDGE
5 = W-CDMA (UMTS)
6 = CDMA 2000
10 = CDMA 2000 1xEV--DO
998 = NO_MEAS_ANALOG
999 = NO_MEAS_DIGITAL
Forward / Reverse
frequency separation
190000000 for W-CDMA (UMTS)
For signal standards that specify a single frequency for each
channel (for example, the UTRA/FDD scheme used by
W-CDMA (UMTS)), this entry specifies the difference in
frequency between a forward channel and its corresponding
reverse channel. For signal standards that specify forward
and reverse frequencies for each channel (most standards),
this entry is left blank.
Changing Instrument Settings
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
2- 43
Changing Instrument Settings
Specifying the Signal Type
The Channel Table file contains a field that defines the type of signal
for the named signal standard. For example, the standard named
GSM 900 is designated as a Signal Type 4. The Signal Type is used
by the Signal Identification function to suggest possible sources of
interference.
Although the YBT250 will make measurements only on the first
seven signal types listed in Table 2--12, you can define a signal
standard that is based on other signal types. For example, you could
create an FM signal standard of signal type 998 (Analog signal, no
measurements available) and define channels within the FM radio
band. This would allow you to tune to “channels” within the FM
band, although you could not take measurements with the YBT250.
The reason for creating a signal standard is that the Signal Identification function uses the Channel Table to determine possible types of
signals, and if you have defined a signal standard, then it will appear
as a possible source in the Signal Identification function.
The signal types 998 and 999 are included in the Channel Table to
enable you to create a custom signal standard for analog or digital
signals that do not match the other signal types (such as an “FM”
standard noted previously). Though no measurements would be
made on channels of a standard based on either 998 or 999, the
standard they are assigned to would be used by the Signal Identification function.
2- 44
How Channel Frequencies are Calculated
The frequency for a specific channel is calculated with a formula
based on the current channel number, the base frequency, the channel
spacing and the channel offset:
If (Channel Offset ≥ 0)
Chan Freq = ( (Chan Num -- Channel Offset) × Channel Spacing) + Base Frequency
If (Channel Offset < 0)
Chan Freq= Base Frequency -- ( ( -- Channel Offset -- Chan Num) × Channel Spacing)
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Where:
Base Frequency: Either forward or reverse base frequency depending
on current user selection, from the Channel Table file (userstandards.txt when present or signalstandards.txt).
Chan Num: The current user selected channel number.
Chan Freq: The frequency associated with the Chan Num.
Channel Spacing: The distance between channels, from the Channel
Table file.
Channel Offset: From the Channel Table file.
Changing Settings for Saved Files
The YBT250 enables you to specify the following default settings
for saving files:
H Custom filename prefixes.
H The name of a technician making a test.
Changing Instrument Settings
H User notes to be included in saved results files.
H The format of exported screens.
H The format of saved or exported results files.
H The default location to which files will be saved or exported
during Spectrogram and Codogram Auto Save.
The headings that follow provide information on how to set these
defaults.
Where to Set File Options
The Save & Export tab is where you specify saved file options.
To display the Save & Export tab:
1. Select Setup > Edit.
2. Tap the Save & Export tab. See Figure 2--17.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
2- 45
Changing Instrument Settings
Figure 2- 17: The Save & Export tab
Setting the Filename Prefix
The YBT250 allows you to save a file, such as a results file, with a
name you enter each time you save a file or you can allow the
YBT250 to automatically name files for you. When files are saved
without a specified prefix, the filename is simply a number, for
example: 0004.r01.
2- 46
However, you can specify a prefix for automatically named files so
that you can more easily identify saved files. Actual filenames will
consist of the prefix you enter attached to a number, which is
generated when the file is saved. For example, if you are testing Site
5 you could set the prefix to s5, resulting in a filename of
s50004.r01.
NOTE. The length of a filename is variable, depending on the length
of the path (where the file is located). The limit of the path and
filename is 256 characters. The shorter the path to the file, the
longer the filename can be.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Changing Instrument Settings
To specify the filename prefix:
1. Tap the Edit button.
2. Tap the Save & Export tab. See Figure 2--17.
3. Tap the box after File Prefix:.
4. Enter text (using the soft keyboard or an external keyboard) to
use as the prefix of filenames.
5. Tap OK to save your changes.
Setting the Technician Name
The YBT250 allows you to store the name of the technician
performing a test in the results file for the test.
To specify the technician’s name:
1. Tap the Edit button.
2. Tap the Save & Export tab. See Figure 2--17.
3. Tap the box after Technician:.
4. Enter text (using the soft keyboard or an external keyboard) for
the technician name. Of course, you can also use this space for
additional test information instead of a technician name.
5. Tap OK to save the technician name.
When viewing a saved results file, you can view any saved notes,
including Technician Name, by selecting File > Results Properties.
Entering Notes for Saved Results
The YBT250 allows you to enter note text to be saved in results
files. Thus, if there are any special conditions about a test, you can
save notes within the results file. You can enter up to 254 characters
in the notes field.
To specify notes for saved results:
1. Tap the Edit button.
2. Tap the Save & Export tab. See Figure 2--17.
3. Tap the box after Notes for saved results:.
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2- 47
Changing Instrument Settings
4. Enter text (using the soft keyboard or an external keyboard) for
the note.
5. Tap OK to save the notes you entered.
When viewing a saved results file, you can view any saved notes by
selecting File > Results Properties.
Setting Up a GPS Receiver
Refer to page 2--51 for information about selecting and setting up a
Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver so that you can save GPS
coordinates with your results. The YBT250 automatically saves GPS
location and platform time data when a GPS receiver is c onnected
and working properly.
Setting Default File Type
You can set the default file type for exported screens. You can also
set the default file type for saved and exported results files.
To specify default file types:
1. Tap the Edit button.
2- 48
2. Tap the Save & Export tab. See Figure 2--17.
3. In the drop down box Default format for exported screens:,
select a file extension:
H PNG files (*.png)
H JPEG files (*.jpg)
H Bitmap files (*.bmp)
NOTE. An exported screen cannot be displayed by the YBT250; it can
be opened only by a program that can display graphic images.
4. In the drop down box Default format for exported results:,
select a file extension:
H Tab-separated (*.txt)
H Comma-separated (*.csv)
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Changing Instrument Settings
Setting Default Save Location for Automatically Saved Spectrogram and Codogram Files
You can set the default location to which you save and export
screens and results files for spectrograms and codograms. This
feature can be useful when, for example, you are saving many
spectrograms and codograms to a PCMCIA memory card over a long
period of time in an unattended mode.
To specify the location to which spectrograms and codograms are
automatically saved or exported:
1. Tap the Edit button.
2. Tap the Save & Export tab. See Figure 2--17.
3. In the field Codogram/Spectrogram Auto Saves, look at the
path. Tap the
on the Input Panel to view the whole path.
4. Enter a new path using the Input Panel, or tap the Browse...
button to navigate to the location to which you want files saved.
icon to open the Input Panel to use the arrows
NOTE. Changes you make to the default location for auto saving and
exporting spectrograms and codograms will persist when you next
power-on the instrument.
This control only sets the location of codogram and spectrogram
auto saves. It does not set the default location for other saves or
exports. When you start the YBT250 application, the default location
for all saves and exports (except codogram and spectrogram auto
save) is always \BuiltInDisk\YBT250\AppData\Results; after you
have saved a file, the default location will be whatever location you
used most recently.
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Changing Instrument Settings
2- 50
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
GPS
Using a GPS (Global Positioning System) receiver with the YBT250
lets you record geographical location, time, and date information
with your measurement results. The YBT250 is compatible with
off-the-shelf NMEA-compliant GPS receivers (PCMCIA card type or
GPS receivers with an RS232 serial output capability) to obtain and
record measurement location and time.
The Tektronix YBGPS1 GPS Timing Reference, in addition to
providing standard geographic location information, also provides a
Timing Reference signal for taking cdma2000 (Option CS1) or
1xEV-DO (Option ES1) over-the-air (OTA) signal measurements, as
well as improving carrier frequency measurement accuracy for
applicable measurement options.
GPS Receiver Requirements
H You can use any GPS receiver that supports NMEA 0183 V2.0.
H The GPS receiver must output the $GPRMC, $GPGGA,
$GPGSV, and $GPGSA sentences on a regular basis.
H The YBT250 reads the GPS receiver position data once per
second, or at the rate the GPS receiver sends the $GPRMC,
$GPGGA, $GPGSV, and $GPGSA sentences, whichever is
slower.
H You can connect a GPS receiver to the NetTek Analyzer Platform
using a serial (RS--232) port connection (at 4800 baud rate), or
the NetTek Analyzer Platform PCMCIA slot to emulate a serial
port on COM4.
H Over-the-air measurements require that you use the Tektronix
YBGPS1 GPS Timing Reference, and have YBT250 option CS1
(cdma2000) or Option ES1 (1xEV-DO) installed.
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
2- 51
GPS
YBT250 GPS Configuration
To configure your GPS receiver with the YBT250, do the following:
1. Connect your GPS receiver to the NetTek Analyzer Platform.
Refer to the GPS receiver instructions for details.
2. Tap the
Figure 2- 18: The GPS tab
3. Select the correct GPS receiver type in the GPS Receiver
drop--down list. The YBT250 establishes communication with the
GPS receiver and displays data in the GPS status and information
fields. This may take a few moments depending on your GPS
receiver, the GPS signal quality and available satellites. Signal
acquisition and satellite signal lock times vary depending on the
GPS receiver in use.
status button to open the GPS tab. See Figure 2--18.
2- 52
4. Check that the latitude and longitude information are correct for
your location. If the YBT250 does not display correct GPS
information within about four minutes, see Troubleshooting GPS
YBT250 Field Transmitter & Interference Tester User Manual
Receiver Problems on page 2--58 to resolve possible GPS receiver
problems.
5. See The GPS Setup Tab on page 2--53 for information on the GPS
tab fields.
You are now ready to use the GPS receiver to record and save
measurement location data along with your measurements. If you are
using the Tektronix YBGPS1 GPS Timing Reference, and have
option CS1, see Taking cdma2000 or 1xEV-DO OTA Measurements
for how to enable cdma2000 or 1xEV-DO OTA measurements.
GPS Signal Status Button
The GPS Status button , located at the upper right of the screen,
indicates GPS signal usability. Tapping this button opens the GPS
setup tab in the Setup window (see YBT250 GPS Configuration
below).
H Green: Indicates that the GPS signals are of good quality and the
receiver has valid location and timing data.
GPS
H Yellow: Indicates that the GPS signals were good, but are now
suspect. If the signals do not return to green status within a short
time, the GPS signal status changes to red. This indicator shows
that measurements being taken may not be accurate and will
become invalid if the GPS signal quality does not improve.
H Red: Indicates that the GPS signals are unusable. Possible
reasons include loss of satellite signals, excess multipath, or the
GPS antenna no longer has an unobstructed satellite view. See
Troubleshooting Your GPS Receiver on page 2--58 for help in
restoring or improving GPS signal reception.
The GPS Setup Tab
The GPS tab selects the GPS receiver type and displays GPS signal
and location information. To display the GPS tab fields, tap the GPS
button. The following text describes each field.
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GPS
GPS Receiver Field
The GPS Receiver field selects the type of GPS receiver that is
connected to the YBT250 and/or NetTek Analyzer Platform.
H None: Select this when there is no GPS receiver connected to the
NetTek Analyzer Platform.
H NMEA (Serial): Select this when there is a GPS receiver
connected to the NetTek Analyzer Platform serial (RS--232) port.
H NMEA (PCMCIA): Select this when there is a GPS receiver
connected to the NetTek Analyzer Platform PCMCIA card slot.
H Tek G P S T i mi n g R e f: Select this when there is a Tektronix
YBGPS1 GPS Timing Reference unit connected to the YBT250
and the NetTek Analyzer Platform.
GPS Field
The GPS field shows the overall YBT250-- to --GPS receiver
communication status. If the YBT250 cannot establish communications with the GPS receiver, see Troubleshooting Your GPS Receiver
on page 2--58 to resolve possible GPS receiver problems.
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GPS Status Field
The GPS Status field shows satellite signal status information. See
Figure 2--54.
Figure 2- 19: GPS Status field
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GPS
Satellites In Use indicates the number of locked satellite signals, and
displays an associated status icon.
H Green: The GPS receiver is locked to four or more satellites.
H Yellow: The number of locked satellites has recently dropped
below four. If the GPS receiver does not detect four or more
satellites in a short period, this status changes to red. This is a
warning indicator to show that measurements being taken may
not be accurate and will become invalid if the GPS signal quality
does not improve.
H Red: The GPS receiver is locked to three or less satellites,
indicating an insufficient number of satellites to provide accurate
information.
GPS Lock indicates signal lock status.
H Green: The signals are adequate for the GPS receiver to
synchronize with the satellite data transmissions.
H Yellow: The number of synchronized satellite data transmissions
has recently dropped below four. If the GPS receiver does not
resynchronize received satellite data from four or more satellites
in a short period, this status changes to red. This is a warning
indicator to show that measurements being taken may not be
accurate and will become invalid if the GPS signal loses lock.
H Red: The GPS receiver cannot synchronize with an adequate
number of satellite data transmissions.
TDOP and HDOP indicates GPS timing or position dilution of
precision (DOP), based on the geometry of the satellite constellation.
DOP is a description of the geometry of the satellites used in the
time and position solutions.
H Green: The GPS TDOP/HDOP timing or position information is
good (within the limits of the GPS system and receiver).
H Yellow: The GPS TDOP/HDOP timing or position information
was good, but has degraded recently. If the TDOP/HDOP does
not improve in a short period, this status changes to red. This is a
warning indicator to show that measurement or position data
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GPS
being taken may not be accurate and will become invalid if the
GPS timing or position information does not improve.
H Red: The GPS TDOP/HDOP timing or position information is
poor.
When the useable satellites are widely positioned in the sky (larger
vertical angles between the receiver and each satellite), the DOP
values are close to 1 and timing and position information is more
accurate. When the useable satellites are more closely positioned
together, the DOP values are higher and accuracy is degraded
because of the small angles between the satellites. In general, the
errors due to other sources are multiplied by the DOP value.
The four common DOP values are PDOP, HDOP, VDOP, and TDOP
(3-- D position, horizontal position, vertical position, and time).
Timing is the major function of the Tektronix YBGPS1, so TDOP is
the important DOP value for this product.
The TDOP (shown when using the Tektronix YBGPS1 GPS Timing
Reference) indicates the quality of the timing reference signal. A
lower TDOP value means more accurate timing information.
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HDOP (shown when using GPS receivers other than the Tektronix
YBGPS1 GPS Timing Reference) indicates the quality of the
receiver latitude and longitude position data. A lower HDOP value
means more accurate position information.
For reasonable timing accuracy, there must be at least 4 useable
satellites, the TDOP value should be less than 4, the signal strength
of the satellites used in the solution should be above 43 (SNR), and
you should wait 30 seconds after locking onto the fourth satellite to
allow the satellite time to transmit its precise position information.
For more information, search the Internet using the keywords GPS,
Theory, Satellite, Geometry, and DOP.
GPS Information Field
The GPS Information field shows the GPS receiver geophysical
location (latitude and longitude), altitude, time, and date (UTC -Coordinated Universal Time). Altitude information is labeled MSL
(Mean Sea Level) or HAE (Height Above Ellipsoid), depending on
the GPS receiver. See Figure 2--20.
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GPS
Figure 2- 20: The GPS Information field
NOTE. It is normal to obtain different altitude and position
measurements from different GPS receivers at the same location due
to different geophysical models. There are several geophysical
models that describe the shape of the earth, and each model affects
how both position and altitude information is calculated. For
example, surveyors in the United States typically use the NAD83
model for their calculations, whereas maps printed in the United
States generally use the NAD27 model to calculate position. Many
GPS receivers reference their altitude calculations to mean sea level
(MSL).
The Tektronix YBGPS1 GPS Timing Reference uses the WGS84 HAE
altitude model, which is similar to the NAD83 model used by
surveyors.
Search the Internet using the keywords GPS, Theory, Ellipsoid, and
DOP for GPS theory of operation information.
GPS Satellite Signal Strength Field
The GPS Satellite Signal Strength field graphically represents the
GPS satellite signal strength of each detected and locked signal. See
Figure 2--21. Blue indicates a locked satellite signal that is being
used for GPS calculations; grey indicates a tracked but unused
satellite signal.
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GPS
Figure 2- 21: The GPS Satellite Signal Strength field
Saving GPS Data with Measurements
The YBT250 automatically saves location, time, and date information with measurements whenever the GPS receiver is active and
acquiring accurate location data. For accurate measurement records,
make sure to save or export your results at the location where you
made the test.
If you take a measurement, move the instrument, and then save your
results, you will not be saving the coordinates of where you took the
test. You will be saving the coordinates of your new location.
Troubleshooting Your GPS Receiver
If the application is unable to read position information from the
GPS receiver, then check or do the following:
H If the message ”Invalid Position” appears, then the communica-
tion connection to the receiver has been successfully established,
and the NMEA sentence is being successfully read from the
receiver, but the position supplied in that sentence is not valid.
An invalid position is normal while the GPS receiver is initially
attempting to locate and receive data from 4 satellites. When the
GPS receiver is first turned on, it typically requires about 90
seconds to lock onto satellites. If the Invalid Position message
lasts longer than a few minutes, check the GPS signal strength
and DOP values.
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GPS
H Check that all cables from the GPS receiver to the YBT250
and/or the NetTek Analyzer Platform are attached to their correct
connectors and are completely seated.
H If required, check that a GPS antenna is connected to your GPS
receiver.
H Check that your GPS antenna has clear access to receive satellite
signals. GPS signals do not penetrate met al or concrete
structures. Trees and wooden structures can also reduce received
signal strength.
H The GPS Status and GPS Satellite Signal Strength fields (on the
GPS tab) are helpful for determining problems with the location
of the GPS antenna. If TDOP (or HDOP) values remain high for
long periods of time, this normally indicates that some satellite
signals are blocked from the GPS antenna. Low GPS signal
strength may also indicate that the GPS antenna is in a poor
location.
H If required, check that your GPS receiver is powered on, or there
is sufficient power left in the battery. Note that the Tektronix
YBGPS1 GPS Timing Reference draws its power from the
NetTek Analyzer Platform, and is powered on as soon as it is
connected to the NetTek Analyzer Platform.
H If you are using a PCMCIA-type GPS receiver card, check that
the GPS PCMCIA card is firmly seated.
H Verify that the GPS receiver is set to output NMEA sentences
regularly. Refer to your GPS receiver documentation to find out
how to output NMEA sentences regularly. Note that the YBGPS1
GPS Timing Reference sends binary data to the NetTek Analyzer
Platform.
H Power cycle the NetTek Analyzer Platform and see if it now
acquires the GPS position data.
H The NetTek Analyzer includes a 30-day evaluation version of the
vxHpc High Performance Serial and Telnet Communications
Software from Cambridge Computer Corporation. vxHpc
provides more sophisticated and powerful communications
capability than the built--in Windows CE Terminal program, and
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GPS
may help you diagnose GPS to NetTek Analyzer Platform
communications problems. vxHpc provides a broad range of
terminal emulations, includes telnet (TCP/IP) communicati ons
capability, terminal emulation over the serial port, file transfer
and scripting.
The vxHpc software is fully functional for 30 days after its first
use, after which you will have to purchase a license from
Cambridge Computer Corporation. For registration information,
see the vxHpc online help: follow the Tips for using vxHpc link
on the first Online help page or go to http://www.cam.com.
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