Tektronix Multiplexer User manual
User Manual
Multiplexer (Demo)
077 --0198--00
www.tektronix.com
Copyright © Tektroni x. All rights reserved. Licensed software products are owned by Tektronix or its subsidiaries or
suppliers, and are protected by national copyright laws and international treat y provisions.
Tektronix products are covered by U.S. and foreign patents, issued and pending. Information in this publication supercedes
that in all previously published material. Specifications and price change privileges reserved.
TEKTRONIX and TEK are registere d trademarks of Tektronix, Inc.
Contacting Tektronix
Tektronix, Inc.
14200 SW Karl Braun Drive
P.O. Box 500
Beaverton, OR 97077
USA
For product information, sales, service, and technic al support:
H In North America, call 1-800-833-9200.
H Worldwide, visit www.tektronix.com to find contacts in your area.
Table of Contents
Preface v...................................................
Manual Conventions v..............................................
Introduction to the Demo Version 1............................
Installing the Demo Version 1........................................
Starting the Program 3..............................................
Multiplexer - Getting Started 7................................
H.264 E S Input Characteristics 9.....................................
Starting the Program 10..............................................
Scripts 13.........................................................
Opening a Stream 17................................................
Closing Files 22....................................................
Menus and Controls 23.......................................
Menu Options 23...................................................
Toolbar 27........................................................
Status Bar 28......................................................
User Interface 29...................................................
Wizards 35..................................................
Transport Wizard 35................................................
Program Wizard 41.................................................
Views 55....................................................
Navigator Views 56.................................................
Section View 59....................................................
Structure Diagram Manipulation 68....................................
Event Log 69......................................................
Examine Transport Stream Window 70.................................
SI Filtering 73.....................................................
Component Views 77................................................
Common Menu Options 86...........................................
Editing in the Navigator Views 87...............................
Dragging and Dropping 87...........................................
Transport Stream 88................................................
Programs 89.......................................................
Tables 91.........................................................
Sections 95........................................................
ES PIDs 104........................................................
DSM-CC 114.......................................................
Editing in Section View 117.....................................
Editing Fields 118...................................................
Multiplexing Transport Streams 125.............................
Starting the Multiplex Engine 125......................................
Errors and Reporting 126.............................................
Stopping the Multiplex Engine 127.....................................
Exporting the Multiplex Configuration File 128...........................
Make Seamless 131............................................
Enabling the Seamless option 131......................................
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Table of Contents
Seamless Settings 132................................................
Reference 135.................................................
Abbreviations 135...................................................
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Multiplexer (Demo) User Manual
List of Tables
Table of Contents
Table 1: PTS/DTS Timestamp Updates 10.......................
Table 2: File menu options 12..................................
Table 3: View menu options 12.................................
Table 4: Script Management 16................................
Table 5: File menu options 23..................................
Table 6: Edit menu options 24.................................
Table 7: View menu options 24.................................
Table 8: Options menu options 25..............................
Table 9: Multiplex menu options 26............................
Table 10: Window menu options 27.............................
Table 11: Help menu options 27................................
Table 12: Icons 30...........................................
Table 13: Examine TS - File menu options 71....................
Table 14: Examine TS - Edit menu options 71....................
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Table of Contents
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Multiplexer (Demo) User Manual
Preface
Manual Conventions
This manual s upports the Multiplexer demo.
Other documents are available on the Tektronix Web site (www.tektronix.com/
manuals):
H MTS400 Series MPEG Test System Generator Application User Manual
(077-0204-xx)
H MTS400 Series MPEG Test System Analyzer Application User Manual
(077--0205--xx)
H MTS400 Series MPEG Test System Carousel Application User Manual
(077--0203--xx)
H MTS400 Series MPEG Test System Programmer Manual (077-0206-xx)
This manual specifies the remote control and status monitoring interfaces
available to a management application.
The following formatting conventions apply to this manual:
H Bold text refers to specific interface elements that you are instructed to
select, click, or clear.
Example: Select Settings from the Configuration menu.
H Mono--spaced text can indicate the following:
H Text you enter from a keyboard.
Example: Enter the network identity (
H Characters you press on your keyboard.
Example: Press CTRL+C to copy the selected text.
H Paths to components on your hard drive.
Example: The program files are installed at the following location:
C:\Program Files\Tektronix\.
http://TSMonitor01).
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Preface
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Multiplexer (Demo) User Manual
Introduction to the Demo Version
The Tektronix Multiplexer (Demo version) provides off-line multiplexing of
ATSC, MPEG-2, DVB, and ISDB transport streams.
Transport streams (TS), elementary streams (ES), packetized elementary streams
(PES), Packet Identifiers (PID) can all be selected, manipulated, and recombined
to form customized, synthesized transport streams in the demo version.
On opening, streams are analyzed and displayed according to the selected
standard: MPEG, DVB, ATSC, or ISDB.
Installing the Demo Version
You can download the MultiplexerSetup.exe file from
www.tektronix.com/software and follow these steps to install the demo version
of Multiplexer.
1. Double-click MultiplexerSetup.exe to start the InstallSheild Wizard that
installs the Multiplexer demo version on your computer. Click Next to
continue.
Multiplexer (Demo) User Manual
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Introduction to Demo Version
2. Click Install to begin the installation process.
The InstallShield Wizard installs the application while displaying the
progress.
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Multiplexer (Demo) User Manual
Introduction to Demo Version
3. Click Finish to exit the Wizard once the demo version i s successfully
installed.
Starting the Program
Start the program by selecting the Multiplexer option from the Start > Programs
> Tektronix (Demo versions) > Generators menu or by double-clicking the
Tektronix Multiplexer (Demo version) shortcut on the desktop.
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Introduction to Demo Version
Initial Appearance
Once the demo program starts and is ready for use, it opens a main window as
follows:
Export Mode
The title bar of the main window shows Multiplexer to be a demo version.
The Export mode is disabled for the demo version. You cannot export data from
the Programs view (section data), the Tables view (section data), or the Pids view
(elementary stream and payload data).
All of the Export options (Export Payload, Export Elementary Stream, and
Export Section Data) of the Edit menu are also disabled.
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Multiplexer (Demo) User Manual
Introduction to Demo Version
When you click the Export and Export As options of the File menu, the file is
not exported. Instead a message informs you that the export mode is disabled.
Multiplex Process
Pseudo Realtime Playout
The demo version does not generate an output TS file, so you will not be
prompted to save the output file. However, the Mux cycle will end.
When you start the Multiplex Engine, a message informs you that the output TS
file is not generated.
The Multiplexer in demo mode cannot play out the multiplexed files. The
Playout menu/toolbar option is disabled.
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Introduction to Demo Version
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Multiplexer (Demo) User Manual
Multiplexer - Getting Started
The Tektronix Multiplexer (Full version) provides off-line multiplexing of
ATSC, MPEG-2, DVB, and ISDB transport streams.
Multiplexer (Demo) User Manual
Transport streams (TS), elementary streams (ES), packetized elementary streams
(PES), Packet Identifiers (PID) can all be selected, manipulated and recombined
to form customized, synthesized transport streams. Program Specific Information
(PSI), Service Information (SI), and Program and System Information Protocol
(PSIP) are often referred to as simply SI in this section.
The functionality provided includes:
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Multiplexer - Getting Started
H Wizards that facilitate the completion of common tasks, such as populating
streams with Program Specific Information, Service Information, Program
and System Information Protocol (PS I/SI/PSIP), and programs.
H Table contents are displayed in and edited from structure diagrams (tree
diagrams).
H Transport Streams that either conform strictly to the standards selected for
interpretation or have precisely engineered, known, nonconformances.
H Two or more instances of Multiplexer can run concurrently. This allows table
information to be copied from one file to another.
H The source data for nonconformant streams can be saved in a raw format,
which can be quickly reloaded as the basis for generating more stream data.
H Conformance of edits to the standards is checked interactively and enforced
by default. Checking and enforcement can be turned off when specifying
nonconformances to be introduced into the new transport stream.
On opening, streams are analyzed and displayed according to the selected
standard: MPEG, DVB, ATSC, or ISDB. Scripts are used by the analysis
process; this allows private PSI/SI tables and descriptors to be defined.
Multiplexer in Playout
mode
NOTE. Most examples given in this section of the user manual are based on DVB
SI. Multiplexer is equally at home with all major DTV standards, MPEG-2,
DVB, ATSC, and ISDB as well as the major regions to those standards.
The Transport Stream Analyzer program should always be used for reliable
analysis of transport streams containing DSM-CC or MPE addressable sections.
In the absence of TS Analyzer, it is acceptable to use Multiplexer for analysis,
provided that the DSM-CC or MPE scripts are first applied using Expert mode
in the Stream Interpretation dialog box (see Scripts, page 13).
However, when you ar e multiplexing streams containing DSM-CC or MPE
addressable sections, the related scripts must not be active.
You can initiate a playout in the Multiplexer application using the playout feature
as soon as the multiplex operation is complete. Multiplexer creates a temporary
transport stream in the location specified by the Playout Settings and then
initiates a playout by loading this file into the player. To play the stream in the
loop mode, enable the loop mode in the Playout settings.
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Multiplexer (Demo) User Manual
Multiplexer - Getting Started
To open Playout Settings dialog box, select Multiplex > Playout settings.
NOTE. The Playout functionality is not available in demo version.
H.264 ES Input Characteristics
The H. 264 elementary streams used by the Multiplexer should comply with
ISO/IEC-14496-10/2005 R ec. H.264. The transport stream generated by the
Multiplexer should comply with ISO/IEC-13818-1/2000/AMD_3/2004.
H SEI (Supplemental enhancement information) stream support
The multiplexer detects a H.264 stream as an SEI stream if the following
conditions are met:
H VUI (video usability information) packet contains the coded bit rate.
H HRD (hypothetical reference decoder) parameters are specified in the
SEI packets.
H Non-SEI stream support
Those streams that are not detected as SEI streams are assumed to be
non-SEI streams.
PTS/DTS Timestamp
Generation
Table 1 lists the stream properties of H.264/AVC and generated transport stream
characteristics.
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Multiplexer - Getting Started
Table 1: PTS/DTS Timestamp Updates
H.264/AVC stream properties Comments Generated TS characteristics
SEI VUI
-- -- --
F -- --
F F --
F F F
BM(Valid Buffering Messages)
Stream without any
buffering messages
SEI NAL units potentially carrying private
data
SEI stream without full
HRD data
SEI stream with both
buffering period and
picture timing present
(HRD Compliant)
Bit rate Comments
Prompted or auto detected
Prompted or auto detected
Prompted or auto detected
Coded bit rate will be
auto-detected
TS will have PTS and DTS calculated at a constant frame rate from
the VUI parameters of the stream
unless you change the parameters.
If the stream does not have VUI
parameters 25 fps is taken as the
default.
TS will have PTS and DTS calculated at a constant frame rate from
the VUI parameters of the stream
unless you change the parameters.
If the stream does not have VUI
parameters 25 fps is used as the
default.
TS will have PTS and DTS calculated at a constant frame rate from
the VUI parameters of the stream
unless you change the parameters.
If the stream does not have VUI
parameters 25 fps is used as the
default.
TS will carry PTS and DTS as
coded by the SEI timing information.
Auto detection
Starting the Program
10
The stream bit rate is calculated as follows.
Bitrate =
Number of Frames∕ Frame Rate)
File Size
The program can be started by selecting the Tektronix Multiplexer option from
the Start > Programs menu or by double-clicking on the Tektronix Multiplexer
shortcut on the desktop.
Multiplexer (Demo) User Manual
Multiplexer - Getting Started
Initial Appearance
Once the program has started and is ready for use, it will open a main window
that looks like the following illustration.
Initial Menu Options
Multiplexer (Demo) User Manual
Use the View menu to select a standard that will be used to interpret transport
streams, and then open a transport stream file or import a multiplex configuration file.
When the application is opened, you are presented with options relevant only to
opening new or existing multiplex files. Options that are not relevant at this time
are inactive (grayed out).
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Multiplexer - Getting Started
File Menu Options. Table 2 lists the options available in the initial File menu.
Table 2: File menu options
Command Function
New Opens a new multiplex configuration file.
Open Opens an MPEG file for use. The program opens the file
selection dialog box allowing you to choose the required file.
Examine TS Opens the Examine TS window, which allows a brief summary
of the stream to be viewed before it is subjected to full
analysis.
Close (Currently disabled - see page 23.)
Import... Opens a previously saved multiplex configuration file.
Export (Currently disabled -- see page 23.)
Export As (Currently disabled -- see page 23.)
1 <filename>
2 <filename>
3 <filename>
4 <filename>
Exit Finishes running the program.
A list of the four most recently used files. If the program has
recently been installed, the list might be empty or hold less
than four files.
Selecting a file name opens that file for use.
View Menu Options. Table 3 lists the options available in the initial View menu.
Table 3: View menu options
Command Function
Interpretation Opens the Stream Interpretation dialog box. This allows the
scripts to be used in stream analysis to be selected.
Event Log Opens the Event Log window.
Toolbar Displays or hides the Toolbar.
Status Bar Shows or hides the Status Bar.
A check mark next to an option indicates that the object is currently visible.
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Multiplexer (Demo) User Manual
Scripts
Multiplexer - Getting Started
SI scripts are necessary to enable SI table and descriptor data to be analyzed
successfully. Scripts are used to enable analysis of S I data dictated by the various
international standards, for example, MPEG-2, DVB, ATSC, and ISDB.
Essential scripts are installed and enabled using the Stream Interpretation dialog
box. In the absence of any enabled scripts, only the PAT table will be analyzed;
all other data will be presented as private data.
If a suitably configured script is selected and enabled before a stream is opened,
custom data will be analyzed when the stream is opened. If the script is not
selected or enabled, the stream will be analyzed, but any custom data will be
reported as either an error in the stream configuration or as an elementary stream
PID.
Scripts can be selected and enabled only when no files are open. The Stream
Interpretation dialog box is available when a file is open, but all activity is
disabled.
Handling Scripts
Note that a script file will not be used for analysis until:
H It is present in the Scripts text box in the current analysis mode.
H It is successfully enabled by closing the Stream Interpretation dialog box
using the OK button.
To open the Stream Interpretation dialog box, with all files closed, select
V iew > Interpretation.
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Multiplexer - Getting Started
The Stream Interpretation dialog box is displayed as shown.
Script
Selection
Current
Selecting Scripts
Expert mode controls
The top half of the dialog box is concerned with selecting scripts. The text box
(Scripts) lists the scripts currently selected. The area adjacent to the text box is
dedicated to Expert mode controls.
The selection area of the Stream Interpretation dialog box is best viewed and
used from left to right.
The Base Standard drop--down allows the MPEG-2, DVB, ATSC, or ISDB
standard to be selected for analysis.
MPEG-2 only Interprets and analyzes the packets in conformance to
the MPEG-2 standards.
DVB Interprets and analyzes the Transport Stream Packets
according to the specifications of the DVB and MPEG-2
standards.
ATSC Interprets and analyzes the Transport Stream Packets
according to the specifications of the ATSC and
MPEG-2 standards.
14
ISDB Interprets and analyzes the Transport Stream Packets
according to the specifications of the ISDB and
MPEG-2 standards.
The selected standard will dictate the availability of the remaining options in the
Regions and Data Standards sections.
Multiplexer (Demo) User Manual
Multiplexer - Getting Started
The Regions section allows country-specific regions to be added to the basic
standard scripts. If None is selected, only the standard scripts are listed in the
Scripts text box. The remaining country-specific regions add extra scripts to the
current listing. As with the Base Standard, the choice of Regions option will
dictate the availability of the options in the Data Standards section. The Custom
selection in the Regions section allows users t o include their own selection of
scripts using Expert Mode controls.
The Data Standards section offers a choice of data-specific scripts.
Note that the scripts listed by default are those resident in the default installation
directory (tektronix\scripts). Other directory locations can be specified in Expert
Mode. All selections will be retained between sessions.
Checking Syntax
Scripts are syntactically analyzed when the OK button is selected. They are also
checked when the application is opened. A fault in the syntax of a script will not
necessarily prevent a stream from being analyzed, but it might result in
incomplete analysis of the stream.
Scripts listed in the Scripts text box will not be used for stream analysis until
they have been successfully checked (the application has been opened or the
Stream Interpretation dialog box has been closed with no script-related error
messages issued).
An intermediate check of scripts listed in the S cripts text box can be made by
selecting the Reload Scripts button. This performs the same action as the OK
button but leaves the dialog box open.
Syntax errors will be indicated and reported in the Event Log (see page 69).
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Multiplexer - Getting Started
Expert Mode
Expert Mode allows you to select and customize the scripts to be used in
stream analysis and multiplexing. Note that when the expert mode is selected,
the Custom region option is automatically selected and the management buttons
are enabled. In Expert mode, all scripts become available t o be added to the
script list. The scripts will be checked and loaded, ready to be used for analysis,
when the OK button is selected.
Script Management
The script management buttons act on the scripts currently listed in the Scripts
text box.
Table 4: Script Management
Buttons Function
Script files are parsed in the order that they are listed; in some circumstances this might be important. To move a file in a list, highlight the file
name and select the Up or Down arrow button as required. Each press of
the button will move the file up or down one place in the list until it reaches
the top or the bottom.
Add a script to the list: A standard Windows file selection dialog box is
opened. The default file extension is .scp. Select the required file. The
selected script will be added to the bottom of the list. If necessary, move it
using the Up and Down buttons.
Scripts can be loaded from any directory.
Delete the highlighted script.
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Multiplexer (Demo) User Manual
Multiplexer - Getting Started
Table 4: Script Management (Cont.)
Buttons Function
Change scripts default directory: by default, all scripts are found in a default
directory created during installation (tektronix\scripts). This button can be
used to set a different default directory.
Note that all scripts supplied by Tektronix in the default installation are
installed in a single directory; as long as this directory is designated as the
default directory, they will work satisfactorily.
View highlighted script with the associated application; by default, script files
are associated with the ScriptPad utility.
For a script file to be viewed successfully, the file extension (.scp) must be
associated with a text editor in the Microsoft Windows environment. The MPEG
Test System installation program by default associates a script editing utility
called ScriptPad; you can use another text editor, for example, Microsoft
Notepad, if preferred. ScriptPad is a simple script editor that can be installed
with the MPEG Test System. Scripts can be viewed and edited as required
(depending upon the file permissions).
Opening a Stream
Opening an MPEG Stream
Two options are available when opening a stream for multiplexing: to open an
existing stream or to open a previously prepared multiplex configuration file.
Three options are available when preparing a stream to be multiplexed:
H Create a new null stream (using File > New)
H Open an existing stream
H Import a multiplexer configuration file
Any file holding a recorded or synthesized sample of a stream that conforms to
the relevant standards can be opened and used as a basis for a new multiplex.
Note that the Examine TS option (see page 70) can be used to preview stream.
Some nonconformant streams can be opened, although, only the conformant
parts can be edited usefully. Any tables that are carried in a conformant PID and
have the correct syntax will appear in the output transport stream, as will any
elementary streams (whether referenced by a table or not) which are i n the input
transport stream.
To open a file holding a transport stream, select the File > Open. If the required
file is in the list of recent files, it can be opened from the list using the Open File
dialog box.
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Multiplexer - Getting Started
Alternatively use the Ctrl+O keyboard shortcut or drag the file from Windows
Explorer and drop it into the Multiplexer window. A shortcut button is available
on the Toolbar for opening a file.
Opening Multiplex
Configuration Files
Any file holding a recorded or synthesized sample of a stream, which conforms
to the relevant standards, can be opened. Many nonconformant streams can be
opened provided that the PAT, PMT, and MGT tables correctly specify all the
other tables and their PIDs.
Multiplexer is used for generating both conformant and nonconformant streams.
Having generated a nonconformant stream, it might not be possible to successfully open it again in Multiplexer.
The specification for a new transport stream can be saved to a multiplex
configuration file. This also saves time for opening large MPEG files, since the
specification contains the results of the analysis from opening the original
MPEG file.
NOTE. The multiplex configuration file does not contain a copy of the transport
stream; instead it refers to the original MPEG file by the full path name.
Deleting or moving the MPEG file will result in a dialog box prompting for the
new location of the file.
Double-clicking on a *.muxml or *. mux file in Windows Explorer will open the
file in a new instance of Multiplexer.
18
Importing a File. Importing opens a multiplex configuration file and the MPEG
file on which it is based.
To open a previously exported multiplex configuration file, select the
File > Import. If the required file is in the list of recent files, it can be opened
Multiplexer (Demo) User Manual
Multiplexer - Getting Started
from the list to save using the Import file dialog box.
Alternatively use the Ctrl+I keyboard shortcut or drag the file from Windows
Explorer and drop it into the Multiplexer window.
Initial Stream Analysis
NOTE. Multiplexer reads the name and location of the MPEG file from the
multiplex configuration file and then opens it automatically. The previously
stored changes in the configuration file are applied to the display.
Note that the import dialog box offers a choice of file types: *.muxml, *. mux
and *.*.
The Navigator Tables view window is opened as soon as a file is opened or
imported. The program now starts to analyze the file with the loaded scripts to
determine what tables are present.
As the file is analyzed, the Top Levels of the Transport Structure diagram are
drawn in the Navigator window. The rightmost pane in the Status Bar at the
bottom of the program window shows the progress of analysis.
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Multiplexer - Getting Started
Files that are imported require less processing because they were analyzed in the
session from which they were exported.
What to Do Next
The file can now be manipulated to form a specification with which to synthesize
a new transport stream. Tables, elementary streams, and PIDs are viewed and
selected using the Navigator views. The components of any table selected in the
Navigator views are viewed and selected using the Section View window.
Tables, Programs and PIDs can be added and modified using the wizards
provided or manually. A selection of menu options is provided to facilitate
manipulation of the data.
The Multiplex menu has options to inhibit and reenable forced conformance to
the selected standards.
Having manipulated the file, a transport stream can be synthesized to the new
specification by the multiplex engine. The engine is started from the Multiplex
menu or using a toolbar button. The source file is used as reference data by
Multiplexer and the output written to a different file.
The illustration on page 21 gives an overview of the Multiplex process.
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Multiplexer (Demo) User Manual
Open/Import
Any file holding a recorded or synthesized sample of a
stream that conforms to the relevant standards can be
opened. See Opening an MPEG file.
Importing opens a multiplex configuration file and the
MPEG file on which it is based.
See Importing a File, page 18.
Transport Structure Demultiplex
As the file is analyzed, the Top Levels of the Transport
Structure diagram are drawn in the Transport Navigator.
See Initial Stream Analysis, page 19.
Multiplexer - Getting Started
Multiplexer (Demo) User Manual
Transport Structure Modifications
The file can now be manipulated to act as the specification
to synthesize a new transport stream. The tables and
elementary streams are viewed and selected either with the
aid of Wizards or in the Navigator windows.
Output/Export
The Multiplex Engine synthesizes a new transport stream
and writes it to an MPEG file.
To ensure that the specification for any synthesized stream
can be reused, it can be saved to a multiplex configuration
file.
See Multiplexing Transport Streams, page 125.
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Multiplexer - Getting Started
Closing Files
To close the files, select File > Close. This will close both the MPEG file and
any multiplex configuration file that is open.
A shortcut button is also available on the Toolbar for closing a file, which has a
standard file close symbol.
If a multiplex configuration file has been edited, and the changes not exported,
the program will ask if the file should be saved.
Select Yes to export the file, No to close the file without saving, or Cancel to
undo the close command and keep the file open.
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