Tektronix KPXI High Speed Digitizer Module User's Manual Primary User

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KPXI High Speed Digitizer Module

User’s Manual

KPXI-AI-900-01 Rev. A / January 2007

A GREATER MEASURE OF CONFIDENCE

ECA 42912

WARRANTY

Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants this product to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of
1 year from date of shipment.

Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants the following items for 90 days from the date of shipment: probes, cables,
rechargeable batteries, diskettes, and documentation.

During the warranty period, we will, at our option, either repair or replace any product that proves to be defective.

To exercise this warranty, write or call your local Keithley Instruments representative, or contact
Keithley Instruments headquarters in Cleveland, Ohio. You will be given prompt assistance and return instructions.
Send the product, transportation prepaid, to the indicated service facility. Repairs will be made and the product
returned, transportation prepaid. Repaired or replaced products are warranted for the balance of the original
warranty period, or at least 90 days.

LIMITATION OF WARRANTY

This warranty does not apply to defects resulting from product modification without Keithley Instruments’ express
written consent, or misuse of any product or part. This warranty also does not apply to fuses, software,
non-rechargeable batteries, damage from battery leakage, or problems arising from normal wear or failure to follow
instructions.

THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING ANY
IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR USE. THE REMEDIES
PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES.

NEITHER KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC. NOR ANY OF ITS EMPLOYEES SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY
DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF
ITS INSTRUMENTS AND SOFTWARE EVEN IF KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC., HAS BEEN ADVISED IN
ADVANCE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. SUCH EXCLUDED DAMAGES SHALL INCLUDE, BUT
ARE NOT LIMITED TO: COSTS OF REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION, LOSSES SUSTAINED AS THE RESULT
OF INJURY TO ANY PERSON, OR DAMAGE TO PROPERTY.

A G R E A T E R M E A S U R E O F C O N F I D E N C E

Keithley Instruments, Inc.

Corporate Headquarters • 28775 Aurora Road • Cleveland, Ohio 44139

440-248-0400 • Fax: [phone] • 1-888-KEITHLEY (534-8453) • www.keithley.com

12/06

KPXI

High Speed Digitizer Module

User’s Manual

©2007, Keithley Instruments, Inc.

Document Number:

All rights reserved.

Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A.

KPXI-AI-900-01 Rev. A / January 2007

Manual Print History KPXI High Speed Digitizer Module User’s Manual

Manual Print History

The print history shown below lists the printing dates of all Revisions and Addenda created for this
manual. The Revision Level letter increases alphabetically as the manual undergoes subsequent
updates. Addenda, which are released between Revisions, contain important change information that
the user should incorporate immediately into the manual. Addenda are numbered sequentially. When a
new Revision is created, all Addenda associated with the previous Revision of the manual are
incorporated into the new Revision of the manual. Each new Revision includes a revised copy of this
print history page.

Revision A (Document Number KPXI-AI-900-01) ............................................... January 2007

All Keithley Instruments product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of Keithley Instruments, Inc.
Other brand names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.

KPXI-AI-900-01 Rev. A / January 2007

The following safety precautions should be observed before using this product and any associated instrumentation. Although
some instruments and accessories would normally be used with non-hazardous voltages, there are situations where hazardous
conditions may be present.

This product is intended for use by qualified personnel who recognize shock hazards and are familiar with the safety precautions
required to avoid possible injury. Read and follow all installation, operation, and maintenance information carefully before using
the product. Refer to the manual for complete product specifications.

If the product is used in a manner not specified, the protection provided by the product may be impaired.

The types of product users are:

Responsible body is the individual or group responsible for the use and maintenance of equipment, for ensuring that the
equipment is operated within its specifications and operating limits, and for ensuring that operators are adequately trained.

Operators use the product for its intended function. They must be trained in electrical safety procedures and proper use of the
instrument. They must be protected from electric shock and contact with hazardous live circuits.

Maintenance personnel perform routine procedures on the product to keep it operating properly, for example, setting the line
voltage or replacing consumable materials. Maintenance procedures are described in the manual. The procedures explicitly state
if the operator may perform them. Otherwise, they should be performed only by service personnel.

Safety Precautions

Service personnel are trained to work on live circuits, and perform safe installations and repairs of products. Only properly

trained service personnel may perform installation and service procedures.

Keithley Instruments products are designed for use with electrical signals that are rated Measurement Category I and
Measurement Category II, as described in the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Standard IEC 60664. Most
measurement, control, and data I/O signals are Measurement Category I and must not be directly connected to mains voltage or
to voltage sources with high transient over-voltages. Measurement Category II connections require protection for high transient
over-voltages often associated with local AC mains connections. Assume all measurement, control, and data I/O connections are
for connection to Category I sources unless otherwise marked or described in the Manual.

Exercise extreme caution when a shock hazard is present. Lethal voltage may be present on cable connector jacks or test
fixtures. The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) states that a shock hazard exists when voltage levels greater than
30V RMS, 42.4V peak, or 60VDC are present. A good safety practice is to expect that hazardous voltage is present in any
unknown circuit before measuring.

Operators of this product must be protected from electric shock at all times. The responsible body must ensure that operators
are prevented access and/or insulated from every connection point. In some cases, connections must be exposed to potential
human contact. Product operators in these circumstances must be trained to protect themselves from the risk of electric shock.
If the circuit is capable of operating at or above 1000 volts, no conductive part of the circuit may be exposed.

Do not connect switching cards directly to unlimited power circuits. They are intended to be used with impedance limited sources.
NEVER connect switching cards directly to AC mains. When connecting sources to switching cards, install protective devices to
limit fault current and voltage to the card.

Before operating an instrument, make sure the line cord is connected to a properly grounded power receptacle. Inspect the
connecting cables, test leads, and jumpers for possible wear, cracks, or breaks before each use.

12/06

When installing equipment where access to the main power cord is restricted, such as rack mounting, a separate main input
power disconnect device must be provided, in close proximity to the equipment and within easy reach of the operator.

For maximum safety, do not touch the product, test cables, or any other instruments while power is applied to the circuit under
test. ALWAYS remove power from the entire test system and discharge any capacitors before: connecting or disconnecting
cables or jumpers, installing or removing switching cards, or making internal changes, such as installing or removing jumpers.

Do not touch any object that could provide a current path to the common side of the circuit under test or power line (earth) ground.
Always make measurements with dry hands while standing on a dry, insulated surface capable of withstanding the voltage being
measured.

The instrument and accessories must be used in accordance with its specifications and operating instructions or the safety of the
equipment may be impaired.

Do not exceed the maximum signal levels of the instruments and accessories, as defined in the specifications and operating
information, and as shown on the instrument or test fixture panels, or switching card.

When fuses are used in a product, replace with same type and rating for continued protection against fire hazard.

Chassis connections must only be used as shield connections for measuring circuits, NOT as safety earth ground connections.

If you are using a test fixture, keep the lid closed while power is applied to the device under test. Safe operation requires the use
of a lid interlock.

If a screw is present, connect it to safety earth ground using the wire recommended in the user documentation.

!

The symbol on an instrument indicates that the user should refer to the operating instructions located in the manual.

The symbol on an instrument shows that it can source or measure 1000 volts or more, including the combined effect of
normal and common mode voltages. Use standard safety precautions to avoid personal contact with these voltages.

The symbol on an instrument shows that the surface may be hot. Avoid personal contact to prevent burns.

The symbol indicates a connection terminal to the equipment frame.

The WARNING heading in a manual explains dangers that might result in personal injury or death. Always read the associated
information very carefully before performing the indicated procedure.

The CAUTION heading in a manual explains hazards that could damage the instrument. Such damage may invalidate the
warranty.

Instrumentation and accessories shall not be connected to humans.

Before performing any maintenance, disconnect the line cord and all test cables.

To maintain protection from electric shock and fire, replacement components in mains circuits, including the power transformer,
test leads, and input jacks, must be purchased from Keithley Instruments. Standard fuses, with applicable national safety
approvals, may be used if the rating and type are the same. Other components that are not safety related may be purchased
from other suppliers as long as they are equivalent to the original component. (Note that selected parts should be purchased only
through Keithley Instruments to maintain accuracy and functionality of the product.) If you are unsure about the applicability of a
replacement component, call a Keithley Instruments office for information.

To clean an instrument, use a damp cloth or mild, water based cleaner. Clean the exterior of the instrument only. Do not apply
cleaner directly to the instrument or allow liquids to enter or spill on the instrument. Products that consist of a circuit board with
no case or chassis (e.g., data acquisition board for installation into a computer) should never require cleaning if handled
according to instructions. If the board becomes contaminated and operation is affected, the board should be returned to the
factory for proper cleaning/servicing.

Table of Contents

Section Topic Page

1 Introduction............................................................................................. 1-1

Introduction ................................................................................................. 1-2

Safety symbols and terms .......................................................................... 1-2

Applications.......................................................................................... 1-2

Features...................................................................................................... 1-2

Specifications.............................................................................................. 1-3

General Specifications ......................................................................... 1-3

Unpacking and inspection........................................................................... 1-4

Inspection for damage.......................................................................... 1-4

Shipment contents ............................................................................... 1-4

Instruction manual................................................................................ 1-4

Repacking for shipment........................................................................ 1-4

Supporting software.................................................................................... 1-5

Programming library............................................................................. 1-5

KI-DAQ LabVIEW driver....................................................................... 1-5

2 Installation............................................................................................... 2-1

Introduction ................................................................................................. 2-2

Handling precautions .................................................................................. 2-2

PCI configuration ........................................................................................ 2-2

Plug-and-play ....................................................................................... 2-2

Configuration........................................................................................ 2-2

Troubleshooting.................................................................................... 2-2

Installation................................................................................................... 2-2

3 Connection and Operation .................................................................. 3-1

Connection.................................................................................................. 3-2

Overview..................................................................................................... 3-2

Functional block diagram ..................................................................... 3-2

Operation.................................................................................................... 3-5

Detailed block diagram......................................................................... 3-6

Analog input signal source control ....................................................... 3-6

A/D Sampling rate and timebase control.............................................. 3-6

Trigger sources .................................................................................... 3-9

Trigger modes .................................................................................... 3-11

Exporting trigger signals..................................................................... 3-15

Data transfers..................................................................................... 3-15

AI data format..................................................................................... 3-16

Synchronizing multiple devices .......................................................... 3-16

Auto-calibration .................................................................................. 3-19

Appendix Topic Page

A KDIG-DRVR User’s Guide.................................................................... A-1

Introduction to KDIG-DRVR........................................................................ A-2

About the KDIG-DRVR software .......................................................... A-2

KDIG-DRVR hardware support ............................................................ A-2

KDIG-DRVR overview ................................................................................ A-2

Fundamentals of building Windows XP/2000 Application........................... A-2

Table of Contents KPXI High Speed Digitizer Module User’s Manual

Appendix Topic Page

A KDIG-DRVR User’s Guide (continued)

KDIG-DRVR utilities for Win32................................................................... A-6

KDIG-DRVR configuration utility (configdrv)........................................ A-6

KDIG-DRVR data file converter utility (KIDAQCvt).............................. A-6

B KDIG-DRVR Function Reference....................................................... B-1

Function description................................................................................... B-2

Data types............................................................................................ B-2

Function reference............................................................................... B-2

Status Codes............................................................................................ B-31

AI range codes......................................................................................... B-33

AI data format........................................................................................... B-33

DATA file format ....................................................................................... B-33

Header............................................................................................... B-34

ChannelRange................................................................................... B-35

Data Block ......................................................................................... B-35

C KIDAQ®-LabVIEW Compatible Interface Guide............................. C-1

Introduction to KIDAQ®-LabVIEW ............................................................. C-2

Overview.............................................................................................. C-2

Using KIDAQ LabVIEW VIs in LabVIEW............................................. C-2

KIDAQ LabVIEW Programming........................................................... C-3

Device Driver Handling .............................................................................. C-4

Windows XP/2000 Device Driver......................................................... C-4

Driver Utility ......................................................................................... C-4

KIDAQ Utilities ........................................................................................... C-4

KIDAQ Registry/Configuration utility.................................................... C-4

KIDAQ Devices Explorer ..................................................................... C-4

KIDAQ LabVIEW VIs Overview.................................................................. C-5

Analog Input VIs .................................................................................. C-6

Analog Output VIs ............................................................................... C-6

Digital I/O VIs....................................................................................... C-7

Timer/Counter VIs................................................................................ C-7

Calibration and Configuration VIs........................................................ C-8

Error Handler VI................................................................................... C-8

Distribution of Applications......................................................................... C-8

Windows XP/2000 ............................................................................... C-8

D KIDAQ®-LabVIEW Compatible Function Reference..................... D-1

Introduction ................................................................................................ D-2

Hardware support....................................................................................... D-2

KPXI-DIO series: ................................................................................. D-2

KPXI-DAQ series:................................................................................ D-2

Digitizer series: .................................................................................... D-2

Analog input VIs......................................................................................... D-3

Easy analog input VIs.......................................................................... D-3

Intermediate analog input VIs.............................................................. D-7

Analog output VIs..................................................................................... D-21

Easy analog output VIs...................................................................... D-21

Intermediate analog output VIs.......................................................... D-24

Advanced analog output VIs.............................................................. D-32

Digital I/O VIs ........................................................................................... D-33

Easy Digital I/O VIs............................................................................ D-33

Intermediate Digital I/O VIs................................................................ D-37

Advanced Digital I/O VIs.................................................................... D-45

Counter VIs .............................................................................................. D-46

Easy Counter VIs .............................................................................. D-46

Intermediate Counter VIs .................................................................. D-50

Advanced Counter VIs ...................................................................... D-63

ii KPXI-AI-900-01 Rev. A / January 2007

KPXI High Speed Digitizer Module User’s Manual Table of Contents

Appendix Topic Page

D KIDAQ®-LabVIEW Compatible Function Reference (continued)

Calibration and Configuration VIs ............................................................ D-67

Calibration VIs .................................................................................. D-67

Other Calibration and Configuration VIs............................................ D-68

Service VIs ............................................................................................... D-70

Error Codes ............................................................................................. D-71

AI Range Codes ...................................................................................... D-73

AI Data Format ....................................................................................... D-76

Service Form

KPXI-AI-900-01 Rev. A / January 2007 iii

Table of Contents KPXI High Speed Digitizer Module User’s Manual

This page left blank intentionally.

iv KPXI-AI-900-01 Rev. A / January 2007

List of Figures

Section Figure Title Page

2 Figure 2-1 Location of solder switches............................................................ 2-4

Figure 2-2 Typical PXI module installation ...................................................... 2-5

Figure 2-3 Device manager............................................................................. 2-6

3 Figure 3-1 Model KPXI-AI-2-65M connectors ................................................. 3-2

Figure 3-2 Model KPXI-AI-2-65M functional block diagram ............................ 3-3

Figure 3-3 Model KPXI-AI-2-65M trigger modes............................................. 3-4

Figure 3-4 Model KPXI-AI-2-65M timebase control ........................................ 3-4

Figure 3-5 Model KPXI-AI-2-65M synchronous digital inputs ......................... 3-5

Figure 3-6 Model KPXI-AI-2-65M auto calibration .......................................... 3-5

Figure 3-7 Model KPXI-AI-2-65M block diagram ............................................ 3-6

Figure 3-8 Model KPXI-AI-2-65M timebase clock architecture ....................... 3-7

Figure 3-9 Alternating mode operations.......................................................... 3-8

Figure 3-10 Synchronous digital input operations............................................. 3-9

Figure 3-11 Model KPXI-AI-2-65M trigger architecture .................................... 3-9

Figure 3-12 Analog trigger conditions ............................................................. 3-10

Figure 3-13 External digital trigger input ......................................................... 3-11

Figure 3-14 Post-trigger acquisition ................................................................ 3-12

Figure 3-15 Pre-trigger data acquisition.......................................................... 3-12

Figure 3-16 Pre-trigger with simultaneous data acquisition** ......................... 3-13

Figure 3-17 Pre-trigger signal ignored until specified data amount acquired.. 3-13

Figure 3-18 Middle-trigger acquisition............................................................. 3-14

Figure 3-19 Delay-trigger acquisition ............................................................. 3-14

Figure 3-20 Post-trigger with re-trigger acquisition ......................................... 3-15

Figure 3-21 TRG IO output signal timing ....................................................... 3-15

Figure 3-22 Scatter/gather DMA for data transfer........................................... 3-16

Figure 3-23 SSI architecture ........................................................................... 3-17

Figure 3-24 SSI_TRIG1 output signal timing .................................................. 3-18

Figure 3-25 SSI_TRIG1 input signal timing..................................................... 3-18

Figure 3-26 SSI_TRIG2 output signal timing .................................................. 3-18

Figure 3-27 SSI_TRIG2 input signal timing..................................................... 3-18

Figure 3-28 SSI_START_OP output signal timing .......................................... 3-19

Figure 3-29 SSI_START_OP input signal timing............................................. 3-19

Appendix Figure Title Page

A Figure A-1 Open Project dialog box ................................................................ A-3

Figure A-2 Add File dialog box ........................................................................ A-4

Figure A-3 Add Existing Item dialog box ......................................................... A-5

Figure A-4 Driver configuration window........................................................... A-6

Figure A-5 DAQ File Conversion Utility ........................................................... A-7

Figure A-6 Loading source binary data file...................................................... A-8

B Figure B-1 DATA file format........................................................................... B-33

Figure B-2 DAQ File Conversion Utility ......................................................... B-36

List of Figures KPXI High Speed Digitizer Module User’s Manual

Appendix Figure Title Page

C Figure C-1 Function Browser Options............................................................. C-2

Figure C-2 Functions palette........................................................................... C-3

Figure C-3 Keithley PXI Devices Explorer ...................................................... C-5

D Figure D-1 Analog input palette ...................................................................... D-3

Figure D-2 Analog output palette .................................................................. D-21

Figure D-3 Digital I/O palette......................................................................... D-33

vi KPXI-AI-900-01 Rev. A / January 2007

List of Tables

Section Table Title Page

1 Table 1-1 General Specifications................................................................... 1-3

Table 1-2 Typical power requirements ........................................................... 1-3

2 Table 2-1 Location of solder switches............................................................ 2-3

3 Table 3-1 Analog trigger ideal transfer characteristic .................................. 3-10

Table 3-2 Analog input voltage and the output digital code ......................... 3-16

Table 3-3 Summary of SSI timing signals and the corresponding function . 3-17

Appendix Table Title Page

B Table B-1 Suggested data types.................................................................... B-2

Table B-2 Status codes returned by KDIG-DRVR........................................ B-31

Table B-3 Analog input range of digitizers ................................................... B-33

Table B-4 AI data format .............................................................................. B-33

Table B-5 Data file header ........................................................................... B-34

Table B-6 Data structure of ChannelRange unit .......................................... B-35

D Table D-1 KI AI acquire waveform.................................................................. D-3

Table D-2 KI AI acquire waveforms ................................................................ D-4

Table D-3 KI AI sample channel..................................................................... D-6

Table D-4 KI AI sample channels ................................................................... D-6

Table D-5 KI AI clear ...................................................................................... D-7

Table D-6 KI AI config .................................................................................... D-9

Table D-7 2-byte binary array....................................................................... D-12

Table D-8 Scaled and Binary Arrays ............................................................ D-14

Table D-9 Scaled Array ................................................................................ D-16

Table D-10 KI AI single scan .......................................................................... D-17

Table D-11 KI AI start ..................................................................................... D-19

Table D-12 KI AO generate waveform ........................................................... D-22

Table D-13 KI AO generate waveforms.......................................................... D-22

Table D-14 KI AO update channel.................................................................. D-23

Table D-15 KI AO update channels................................................................ D-24

Table D-16 KI AO clear .................................................................................. D-25

Table D-17 KI AO Config................................................................................ D-25

Table D-18 KI AO start ................................................................................... D-27

Table D-19 KI AO wait.................................................................................... D-28

Table D-20 KI AO write binary array............................................................... D-29

Table D-21 KI AO write binary array scaled array.......................................... D-30

Table D-22 KI AO Trigger and Gate Config.................................................... D-32

Table D-23 KI Read from Digital Line............................................................. D-34

Table D-24 KI Read from Digital Port............................................................. D-34

Table D-25 KI Write to Digital Line ................................................................. D-35

Table D-26 KI Write to Digital Port ................................................................. D-36

Table D-27 KI DIO Clear ................................................................................ D-37

List of Tables KPXI High Speed Digitizer Module User’s Manual

Appendix Table Title Page

D Table D-28 KI DIO Config.............................................................................. D-38

Table D-29 KI DIO Read................................................................................ D-40

Table D-30 KI DIO Start................................................................................. D-42

Table D-31 KI DIO Write ................................................................................ D-43

Table D-32 KI DIO Port Config ...................................................................... D-45

Table D-33 KI Count Events or Time ............................................................. D-46

Table D-34 KI Generate Delayed Pulse......................................................... D-47

Table D-35 KI Generate Pulse-Train.............................................................. D-48

Table D-36 KI Measure Pulse-Width or Period.............................................. D-49

Table D-37 KI Continuous Pulse Generator Config ....................................... D-50

Table D-38 KI Counter Divider Config ........................................................... D-52

Table D-39 KI Counter Read ......................................................................... D-53

Table D-40 KI Counter Start........................................................................... D-54

Table D-41 KI Counter Stop........................................................................... D-55

Table D-42 KI Delayed Pulse Generator Config ............................................ D-56

Table D-43 KI Down Counter or Divider Config............................................. D-58

Table D-44 KI Event or Time Counter Config ................................................ D-59

Table D-45 KI Pulse-Width or Period Measurement Config .......................... D-61

Table D-46 KI UpDown Counter Config......................................................... D-62

Table D-47 KI ICTR Control........................................................................... D-63

Table D-48 KI KPXI-DAQ series devices and Digitizer Series Calibrate ...... D-67

Table D-49 KI Route Signal .......................................................................... D-68

Table D-50 KI SSI Control ............................................................................ D-69

Table D-51 KI Error Handler ......................................................................... D-70

Table D-52 Error Codes: KIDAQ LabVIEW VIs ............................................. D-71

Table D-53 Analog Input Range .................................................................... D-73

Table D-54 Valid analog input ranges (specified by module)......................... D-75

Table D-55 Analog Input data format (by Model)........................................... D-76

viii KPXI-AI-900-01 Rev. A / January 2007

In this section:

Top ic Pa ge

Section 1

Introduction

Introduction ......................................................................................

Safety symbols and terms ...............................................................

Applications ..................................................................................

Features ............................................................................................

Specifications ...................................................................................

General Specifications..................................................................

Unpacking and inspection ..............................................................

Inspection for damage ..................................................................

Shipment contents........................................................................

Instruction manual ........................................................................

Repacking for shipment................................................................

Supporting software ........................................................................

Programming library .....................................................................

KDAQ-LabVIEW driver .................................................................

1-2

1-2
1-2

1-2

1-3
1-3

1-4
1-4
1-4
1-4
1-4

1-5
1-5
1-5

Section 1: Introduction KPXI High Speed Digitizer Module User’s Manual

Introduction

The Keithley Instruments Model KPXI-AI-2-65M is a 65MS/s, PXI digitizer with 14 bit resolution
and a deep onboard memory buffer of 512 MB that features flexible input configurations, including
programmable input ranges and user-selectable input impedance. With deep onboard acquisition
memory, the Model KPXI-AI-2-65M is not limited by the PCI’s 132MB/s bandwidth, and can record
waveforms for extended periods of time. The Model KPXI-AI-2-65M is ideal for high-speed
waveform capturing such as radar, ultrasound, software radio, and other signal digitizing
applications needing large amounts of memory for data storage. Model KPXI-AI-2-65M uses the
PXI trigger bus to send and receive trigger and timebase signals to and from other devices. In
additional, the Model KPXI-AI-2-65M can phase-lock the reference clock from the PXI backplane
or from an external connector for better synchronization capabilities.

This section gives an overview of the Model KPXI-AI-2-65M high speed digitizer.

Safety symbols and terms

The following symbols and terms may be found on the KPXI-Isolated DIO series module or used in
this manual.

The symbol indicates that the user should refer to the operating instructions located in the

!

manual.

Applications

Features

The symbol shows that high voltage may be present on the terminal(s). Use standard safety
precautions to avoid personal contact with these voltages.

The symbol on an instrument shows that the surface may be hot. Avoid personal contact to
prevent burns.

The WARNING heading used in this manual explains dangers that might result in personal injury
or death. Always read the associated information very carefully before performing the indicated
procedure.

The CAUTION heading used in this manual explains hazards that could damage the unit. Such
damage may invalidate the warranty.

• Software Radio / Wireless Communication

• Radar / Sonar / Lidar

• Ultrasound

•Imaging

• Military

• Semiconductor device high speed signal verification

• Dynamic signal analysis

• PXI specifications Rev. 2.1 compliant

• 3U Eurocard form factor, CompactPCI compliant (PICMG 2.0 R3.0)

• 14-bit A/D resolution

• Up to 60MS/s sampling rate per channel with internal timebase

• Up to 65MS/s sampling rate per channel with external timebase

• Up to 130MS/s sampling rate using alternating mode for single-channel acquisition

• 2-CH simultaneous-sampled single-ended analog inputs

1-2 Return to Section Topics KPXI-AI-900-01 Rev. A / January 2007

KPXI High Speed Digitizer Module User’s Manual Section 1: Introduction

• Programmable input ranges of ±1V and ±5V

• User-selectable (via solder point) input impedance of 50Ω or high input impedance

• >30MHz -3dB bandwidth

• 512MB on-board SODIMM SDRAM

• 2-CH synchronous digital inputs

• Scatter-gather DMA data transfers

• Analog and digital triggering

• Full auto-calibration

• Multiple modules synchronization through PXI trigger bus

• On-board phase-lock loop circuit

Specifications

Refer to the product data sheet for updated KPXI-AI-2-65M high-speed PXI digitizer
specifications. Check the Keithley Instruments website at www.keithley.com for the latest updates
to the specifications. See below for

General Specifications

General Specifications.

Table 1-1

General Specifications

Dimensions

Operating
temperature

Storage temperature

Humidity

PCI signaling
environment

I/O Connector

Single 3U PXI module, 100mm by 160mm

0°C to 50ºC (Operating)

-20ºC to 80ºC

5% to 95% non-condensing

Supports a 32-bit 3.3V or 5V PCI bus

- BNC x 2 for analog inputs (CH0 & CH1)

- SMB x 4 for external timebase (CLK IN),

- external digital trigger (TRG IO)

- synchronous digital input 0 & 1 (SDI0, SDI1)

Table 1-2

Typical power requirements

Power Rail Current (mA)

5V 900
12V 305

3.3V 500

KPXI-AI-900-01 Rev. A / January 2007 Return to Section Topics 1-3

Section 1: Introduction KPXI High Speed Digitizer Module User’s Manual

Unpacking and inspection

Inspection for damage

CAUTION Your Model KPXI-AI-2-65M module contains electro-static sensitive

components that can be easily be damaged by static electricity.

Therefore, handle the card on a grounded anti-static mat. The operator should
be wearing an anti-static wristband, grounded at the same point as the
anti-static mat.

The Model KPXI-AI-2-65M high-speed PXI digitizer module was carefully inspected electrically
and mechanically before shipment.

Inspect the module carton for obvious damages. Shipping and handling may damage the module.
Make sure there are no shipping and handling damages on the module’s carton before continuing.

After opening the module carton, extract the system module and place it only on a grounded anti­static surface with component side up. Save the original packing carton for possible future
shipment.

Again, inspect the module for damages. Report any damage to the shipping agent immediately.

Shipment contents

The following items are included with every Model KPXI-AI-2-65M high-speed PXI digitizer module
order:

• Model KPXI-AI-2-65M high-speed PXI digitizer module

• CD containing required software and manuals

Instruction manual

A CD-ROM containing this User’s Manual and required software is included with each
Model KPXI-AI-2-65M high-speed PXI digitizer module order. If a hardcopy of the User’s Manual is
required, you can order the Manual Package (Keithley Instruments Part Number
KPXI-AI-900-01). The Manual Package includes an instruction manual and any pertinent addenda.

Always check the Keithley Instruments’ website at www.keithley.com for the latest revision of the
manual. The latest manual can be downloaded (in PDF format) from the website.

Repacking for shipment

Should it become necessary to return the Model KPXI General Purpose DIO series module for
repair, carefully pack the unit in its original packing carton or the equivalent, and follow these
instructions:

• Call Keithley Instruments’ repair department at 1-888-KEITHLEY (1-888-534-8453) for a
Return Material Authorization (RMA) number.

• Let the repair department know the warranty status of the Model KPXI-AI-2-65M
high-speed PXI digitizer module.

• Write ATTENTION REPAIR DEPARTMENT and the RMA number on the shipping label.

• Complete and include the Service Form located at the back of this manual.

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KPXI High Speed Digitizer Module User’s Manual Section 1: Introduction

CAUTION The boards must be protected from static discharge and physical shock.

Never remove any of the socketed parts except at a static-free workstation.
Use the anti-static bag shipped with the product to handle the board. Wear a
grounded wrist strap when servicing.

Supporting software

Keithley Instruments provides versatile software drivers for users’ different approaches to building
a system.

Programming library

For customers who are writing their own programs, we provide function libraries for many different
operating systems, including:

KDIG-DRVR: includes device drivers and DLL’s for Windows XP® and Windows 2000®. DLL’s are
binary compatible across Windows XP/2000. Therefore, all applications developed with KDIG­DRVR are compatible across Windows XP/2000. The developing environment can be VB, VC++,
BC5, or any Windows programming language that allows calls to a DLL. Documentation includes a
User's Guide (refer to

Appendix B: KDIG-DRVR Function Reference).

Appendix A: KDIG-DRVR User’s Guide), and a Function Reference (refer to

KI-DAQ LabVIEW driver

KI-DAQ contains the VI’s, which are used to interface with National Instrument's Lab-VIEW1
software package. The KI-DAQ driver supports Windows XP/2000. The LabVIEW driver is shipped
free with the board. Documentation includes an Interface Guide (refer to

LabVIEW Compatible Interface Guide), and an interface Function Reference (refer to Appendix D:
KIDAQ®-LabVIEW Compatible Function Reference).

The above software drivers are shipped with the board.

Appendix C: KIDAQ®-

1. National Instruments™, NI, and LabVIEW are trademarks of the National Instruments Corporation.

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Section 1: Introduction KPXI High Speed Digitizer Module User’s Manual

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In this section:

Top ic Pa ge

Section 2

Installation

Introduction ......................................................................................

Handling precautions ......................................................................

PCI configuration .............................................................................

Plug-and-play ...............................................................................

Configuration ................................................................................

Troubleshooting ............................................................................

Installation ........................................................................................

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Section 2: Installation KPXI High Speed Digitizer Module User’s Manual

Introduction

This section contains information about handling and installing Keithley Instruments’ KIDAQ®
KPXI series cards:

• Handling precautions

• PCI configuration

• Installation

Handling precautions

CAUTION Use care when handling the KIDAQ

When handling, make sure to observe the following guidelines:

• Only handle the card on a grounded anti-static mat.

• Wear an anti-static wristband that is grounded at the same point as the anti-static mat.

PCI configuration

Plug-and-play

The Interrupt and I/O port address are the variables associated with automatic configuration; the
resource allocation is managed by the system BIOS. Upon system power-on, the internal
configuration registers on the board interact with the BIOS. As a plug-and-play component, the
board requests an interrupt number via its PCI controller. The system BIOS responds with an
interrupt assignment based on the board information and system parameters. These system
parameters are determined by the installed drivers and the hardware load recognized by the
system. If this is the first time a KIDAQ
system, a hardware driver needs to be installed. Refer to

Configuration

®

KPXI series cards. KIDAQ® KPXI series
cards contain electro-static sensitive components that can be easily damaged
by static electricity.

®

KPXI series card will be installed on your Windows®

Installation for detailed information.

Configuration is done on a board-by-board basis for all PXI boards on your system. Configuration
is controlled by the system and software. There is no jumper setting required (or available) for
base address, DMA, and interrupt IRQ.

The configuration is not static, but is subject to change with every boot of the system as new
boards are added or removed.

Troubleshooting

If your system doesn't boot or if you experience erratic operation with your PXI board in place, it's
likely caused by an interrupt conflict (perhaps the BIOS Setup is incorrectly configured). In
general, the solution, is to consult the BIOS documentation that comes with your system.

Installation

Windows will find the new Model KPXI-AI-2-65M module automatically. If this is the first time the
Model KPXI-AI-2-65M is running on your Windows system, please refer to the following step-by­step installation procedures.

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KPXI High Speed Digitizer Module User’s Manual Section 2: Installation

Step 1. Install driver software

Windows® will find the new module automatically. If this is the first time a KIDAQ® KPXI series
digitizer has been installed, a hardware driver needs to be installed. Use the following installation
procedure as a guide.

NOTE Keithley Instruments controllers are pre-loaded with the necessary drivers.

For Windows XP/2000:

1. Insert the CD shipped with the module. The CD should auto load. From the base menu
install the KDIG-DRVR. This is the hardware driver that recognizes the KPXI series digitizer
modules. If the CD does not auto load run, then under x:\KDIG-DRVR\DISK1\, you will find
SETUP.EXE (x is the drive letter of your CDROM). This will also run the install.

2. When you complete driver installation, turn off the system.

Step 2. Inspect the module

Keeping the “Handling precautions” information in mind, inspect the module for damage. With the
module placed on a firm flat surface, press down on all socketed IC's to make sure that they are
properly seated.

If the module does not pass the inspection, do not proceed with the installation.

CAUTION Do not apply power to the card if it has been damaged.

Step 3. Check module’s analog input impedance setting

CH0 and CH1 input impedance can be set to 50Ω or 1.5MΩ by soldering gap switches J6 and J7
on the backside of the Model KPXI-AI-2-65M. The location of J6, J7 and the corresponding input
impedance settings are shown in
impedance.

Table 2-1

Location of solder switches

J6 CH0 Input Impedance J7 CH1 Input Impedance

Open High (1.5MΩ) Open High (1.5MΩ)
Close
(Default)

Low (50Ω) Close

Table 2-1 and Figure 2-1. The default setting is 50Ω input

Low (50Ω)

(Default)

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Section 2: Installation KPXI High Speed Digitizer Module User’s Manual

Figure 2-1

Location of solder switches

NOTE If the high input impedance 1.5MΩ is selected, the output impedance of the signal

sources
which is 2µA min. and 25µA max.

should be kept low to avoid the offset voltage caused by the input bias current,

The card is now ready for installation.

Step 4. Install module

Remove power from the system and install the KPXI card in an available slot.

The PXI connectors are rigid and require careful handling when inserted and removed. Improper
handling of modules can easily damage the backplane.

To insert the module into a PXI chassis, use the following procedure as a guide:

1. Turn off the system.

2. Align the module's edge with the card guide in the PXI chassis.

3. Slide the module into the chassis until resistance is felt from the PXI connector.

4. Push the ejector upwards and fully insert the module into the chassis. Once inserted, a
"click" can be heard from the ejector latch.

5. Tighten the screw on the front panel.

6. Turn on the system.

To remove a module from a PXI chassis, use the following procedure as a guide:

1. Turn off the system.

2. Loosen the screw on the front panel.

3. Push the ejector downwards and carefully remove the module from the chassis.

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KPXI High Speed Digitizer Module User’s Manual Section 2: Installation

Figure 2-2

Typical PXI module installation

Typical PXI
chassis

Card guide

Front panel
screw

Modules edge

Ejector latch

Step 5. Verify installation

When the system is turned on for the first time with a new module present (or a module in a new
slot), Windows Add New Hardware Wizard attempts to locate the correct driver. If it cannot find
the correct driver, even after you have loaded the driver above in Step 1, then force the Add New
Hardware Wizard to look in Windows system32 directory. The driver files should be in this
location. If they are not, shutdown the system, remove the module, and restart the installation
process.

When the Add New Hardware Wizard finishes, the window will verify whether or not installation
was successful. To confirm if the module is installed correctly at a later time, use Windows Device
Manager. In the Device Manager under KIDAQ Boards, look for a device name matching the
model number of the newly installed board (see
installation is complete. If the board appears with a exclamation point or warning in Device
Manager, the installation was unsuccessful. If unsuccessful, use Device Manager to update the

KPXI-AI-900-01 Rev. A / January 2007 Return to Section Topics 2-5

Figure 2-3 for an example). If it is found,

Section 2: Installation KPXI High Speed Digitizer Module User’s Manual

driver or un-install the module, power down the system, remove the module, and attempt
installation again from Step 1.

Figure 2-3

Device manager

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In this section:

Top ic Pa ge

Section 3

Connection and Operation

Connection .......................................................................................

Overview ...........................................................................................

Functional block diagram..............................................................

Operation ...........................................................................................

Detailed block diagram .................................................................

Analog input signal source control................................................

A/D Sampling rate and timebase control ......................................

Trigger sources.............................................................................

Trigger modes...............................................................................

Exporting trigger signals ...............................................................

Data transfers ...............................................................................

AI data format ...............................................................................

Synchronizing multiple devices ....................................................

Auto-calibration.............................................................................

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Section 3: Connection and Operation KPXI High Speed Digitizer Module User’s Manual

Connection

Figure 3-1

Model KPXI-AI-2-65M connectors

Overview

Functional block diagram

The Keithley Instruments Model KPXI-AI-2-65M module is packaged in a Eurocard form factor
compliant with PXI Specifications measuring 160mm in length and 100mm in height (not including
connectors). The connector types and functions are described as follows.

CLK IN: The SMB connector is a 50Ω, AC-coupled external timebase input or external 10MHz

reference clock input.

TRG IO: The SMB connector is for external digital trigger input or output.

SDI0: The SMB connector is for synchronous digital input channel 0.

SDI1: The SMB connector is for synchronous digital input channel 1.

CH0: The BNC connector is for attaching the analog input signal to measure on channel 0.

CH1: The BNC connector is for attaching the analog input signal to measure on channel 1.

The following topics overview the Model KPXI-AI-2-65M main features as shown in the functional
block diagram below.

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KPXI High Speed Digitizer Module User’s Manual Section 3: Connection and Operation

Figure 3-2

Model KPXI-AI-2-65M functional block diagram

Analog input

The Model KPXI-AI-2-65M features two analog input channels. Signal bandwidth of each channel
exceeds 30MHz, satisfying the Nyquist sampling theory. The input ranges are programmable as
either ±5V or ±1V. The 14-bit A/D resolution makes the Model KPXI-AI-2-65M ideal both for time­domain and frequency-domain applications.

Acquisition system

The Model KPXI-AI-2-65M uses a pair of 65MS/s, 14-bit pipeline ADCs to digitize input signals. It
provides an internal 60MHz timebase for data acquisition. The maximum real-time sampling rate is
60MS/s with internal timebase and up to 65MS/s with external timebase. By using Alternating
mode (operating as a single channel), the sampling rate is up to 120MS/s with internal timebase
or 130MS/s with external timebase.

Acquisition memory

The Model KPXI-AI-2-65M contains 512MB of SODIMM SDRAM. Digitized data is stored in the
on-board SDRAM before being transferred to host memory. The Model KPXI-AI-2-65M uses
scatter-gather bus mastering DMA to move data to the host memory. If the data throughput from
the Model KPXI-AI-2-65M is less than the available PCI bandwidth, the Model KPXI-AI-2-65M will
bypass the SDRAM and use the on-board 3k-sample FIFO to achieve real-time transfer directly to
the host memory.

Triggering

The Model KPXI-AI-2-65M features flexible triggering functions, such as analog and digital
triggering. The analog trigger features programmable trigger thresholds on rising or falling edges
of both input channels. The 5V/TTL digital trigger comes from the external SMB connector, PXI
trigger bus or PXI_STAR for synchronizing multiple devices.

Post-trigger, pre-trigger, delay-trigger and middle-trigger modes are available to acquire data
around the trigger event. The Model KPXI-AI-2-65M also features repeated trigger acquisition to
acquire data in multiple segments coming with successive trigger events at extremely short
rearming intervals.

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Section 3: Connection and Operation KPXI High Speed Digitizer Module User’s Manual

Figure 3-3

Model KPXI-AI-2-65M trigger modes

Multiple-instrument synchronization

To achieve multiple-instrument synchronization, Model KPXI-AI-2-65M routes timing and trigger
signals between one or more Model KPXI-AI-2-65M devices by the PXI trigger bus. Users can
assign timebase or trigger signals to a specific PXI trigger bus[0:7] via software, providing better
flexibility for multiple devices synchronization. The Model KPXI-AI-2-65M also adopts PXI_STAR
signal for better synchronization performance. Both trigger signals and timebase clock can be
transferred to 13 peripheral slots through the PXI_STAR signal from a star trigger controller in slot
2 of the PXI chassis.

The reference clock is used in the Model KPXI-AI-2-65M phase-lock loop (PLL) circuit to
synchronize the timebase clock to the reference. The Model KPXI-AI-2-65M can accept a
reference clock the CLK IN on the front panel as well as from PXI_CLK10. The reference clock
should be a fixed and stable 10MHz clock.

Figure 3-4

Model KPXI-AI-2-65M timebase control

Synchronous digital input

The Model KPXI-AI-2-65M features two high-speed digital input lines. User can clock in digital data
synchronous to the analog input timebase clock. Viewing analog and digital correlated operations
is effortless.

3-4 Return to Section Topics KPXI-AI-900-01 Rev. A / January 2007