Tektronix Keithley AIM4 Isolated High-Level Analog Input Module Rev. B User manual

AIM4
Isolated High-Level Analog Input Module
The AIM4 Isolated High-Level Analog Input Module provides isolation and signal con­ditioning for four channels of voltage input (from *5OMV to *5V) or current loop in­put. Because the input channels are completely isolated from other channels and from the system ground, the AIM4 module accepts signals with common mode voltages as high as *50W, and provides protection to #JOV (normal mode). Channel-to-channel isolation is 500V.
The AIM4 module may be placed in slots 3-10 of the baseboard (slots 2-10 if AMMl is used). To install the module, remove the top cover and insert the module in the desired slot with the component side facing the power supply. Place the AlM4 module as far away from the power supply as possible to minimize noise and thermal effects.
CAUTION: Always turn off the power before installing or removeing modules. To minimize the possibility of EM1 radiation, never operate the system with top removed. Connect the + and -
inputs of unused channels together.
cover
User-Configured Components
Gain amplification for each channel can be changed by setting switches SW.-S104 to the desired positions (xl or x100). As shipped the AIM4 is configured for xl gain (see Figure 1).
Installing resistors in the appropriate locations provides current to voltage conversion, allowing connection of current loop inputs.
All inputs are connected to a bank of screw terminals, which provides positive and negative (high and low) terminals for each of the four input channels. See Table 1 for summary of user-configured components.
Table 1. User-Configured Components on the AIM4 Name Designation Function
Switches lOl-104 SlOl, Sl.02, SlO3, S104 Gain setting channel 0, 1, 2, 3 (xl or x100) Potentiometer Rlffl, R105, RlO9, Rll3 Trim gain for each channel Resistors User Installed
Screw Terminals 162
Optional current voltage resistors. Innut saew terminals. channels O-3
Document Number: 500-91401 Rev. B
AM41
AIM42
Figure 1. AIM4 Module Configuration
Connections Terminals for connections to the AIM4 module are marked on the module. Typical con-
nections are shown in Figure 2. The use of shielded cable is recommended to minimize noise pick up and the possibility of EMI radiation. One end of the shield should be
connected to the AIM4 ground and the other end left disconnected. The shield should
not be used as a signal path.
WARNING: Dangerous user-supplied voltages may be present on the input terminals.
CAUTION: Maximum input with xl gain is f5V. Maximum input with xl00 gain is
*5OmV.
SHIELD
Figure 2. Typical AIM4 Connections
Gain Adjustment
Switches SlOl-S104 set the gain applied to channels O-3 to either xl or x100. To set the gain, place the switch in the desired position. Note that the module is configured for xl gain as shipped. Remember that the maximum input voltage is i5V (xl gain) or
st5OmV (x100 gain). The maximum signal output range of the AIM4 module is k5V. Do not apply gains when the resulting voltage will exceed &5V or measurement errors will result.
By changing the values of user-installed resistors, alternate gain factors can be applied to signals connected to the AIM4 module. In this way, the gain for each channel can be determined.
The selection of a resistor should be based on the following formula: G =1 + 10,000/R
Where G is the gain applied to the signal and R is the value in ohms of the installed resistor.
Gain Trimming Potentiometers RlOl, RI.05, R109 and Rll3 are provided for trimming the gain resistors
R102, R106, RllO and Rl14. If new gain resistors are reinstalled, different potentiometers may be required.
AIM43
The relationship of the potentiometers and the gain resistor on the total resistance is described by the formula:
Where RT is the total resistance (the value which ultimately affects the gain factor), R, is the value in ohms of the gain resistor, and RP is the value in ohms of the poten­tiometer (trimmed to the desired value).
Current Inputs With the installation of optional resistors in user-installed locations, the AIM4 module
can be configured to accept floating current loop inputs. The resistors are installed bet­ween the high and low input terminals converting the current range of the signal to an appropriate voltage range.
The selection of the resistor is based on Ohms law: E=I.R
Voltage (volts) = Current (amps) * Resistance (ohms)
Because the AIM4 module has an input range of *5V (with xl gain), these resistors must convert the expected current range into a voltage range within these limits. Therefore, volts should be set to 5, and current set to the upper limit of the expected current range.
With a signal expected to range from 4 to 2OmA, for example, Ohm’s law yields the following equation:
5 (volts) =
.02 (amps) * R (resistance)
R =250
As a result, a 25O!J resistor should be instaIled for that signal range. The resulting voltage range of 1 to 5V can be further amplified by the PGA (on the AlMl module) if the input range of the A/D converter is set to *lOV, or 0-1OV.
If there are several loads on the loop (if, for example, an analog chart recorder is being driven at the same time), the compliance voltage at the current loop transmitter may be exceeded. If this is the case, a smaller resistor (possibly 25Q) can be installed, and more gain applied to the signal, either globally at the PGA, or locally by changing resistors.
Arm-4
Additional loads in series with the current loop can be connected on either side of the isolated input.
Maintaining Accuracy Each of the four inputs on the AIM4 module has a separate isolated input stage, each
of which feeds a signal to a common output stage. Each input stage has a separate ad-
justment potentiometer, making it possible to null the input offset. A single adjustment
takes care of any output offset. To maintain AIM4 accuracy, the following procedure should be used:
1. Connect a jumper between the + and - inputs of channel 0.
2. Set the gain switch for channel 0 to the xl position and adjust the output offset con­trol (R119) for a zero reading.
3. Set the gain switch to the xl00 position.
4. Adjust the channel 0 input potentiometer (R104) so that a value of OV is read back from the module.
5. Set the gain switch to the xl00 position for each of the other channels.
6. Short the inputs to each of the other three channels and adjust the respective input offset potentiometers for a zero reading. (RlO channel 1, Rll2 = channel 2, R116 = channel 3).
7. The gain potentiometer for each channel can now be adjusted for xl00 gain (50mV in­put = 5v output).
RlOl = Channel 0 Gain R105 = Channel 1 Gain Rlo9 = Rll3 = Channel 3 Gain
Channel 2 Gain
Input Attenuation The AIM4 module may be modified to apply a 1OO:l attenuation factor to the input
signal, thus allowing the module to measure voltages up to rtlOOV. To modify the AIM4, install a 100 resistor in the user installed location for the channel in question. Remove the input inductor for that channel (El02 for channel 0, El04 for channel 1, El06 for channel 2, and El.08 for channel 3). In its place, install 99OkQ resistor. To main­tain system accuracy, both resistors should have a maximum tolerance of *O.l%*
When reading data back from a modified channel, you must correct for the attenuation factor in order to obtain a correct reading. When using commands listed in this manual,
simply multiply the voltage reading obtained by a factor of 100. When using the Soft500
system, a similar correction factor must be applied. These correction factors are ex­clusive of other factors necessary because of certain parameters within the system (such
as global gain applied by the AIM1 module).
*May be obtained from Keithley Data Acquisition and Control. Order part number
R-263-1Ok for the lOQ resistor. Order R-282-90k and R-282-900k and connect in series to make up 99OkQ.
Commands
The AIM4 module commands are summarized in Table 2. The locations of slot-
dependent commands are presented in Table 3.
AIM45
Table 2. Commands used with AIM4 Command Location
SELECT CHANNEL CMDA (Slot-denendentj
Table 3. Locations for Slot-dependent CMDA Slot Location
Slot 3 Slot 4 Slot 5 Slot 6 Slot 7 Slot 8 Slot 9 Slot lo
SELECT CHANNEL Location: Slot-dependent CMDA
EE
CFE88 CFF8A CFFSC CEF8E CFF90 CEF92
The SELECT
select individual channels for A/D conversion. When selecting a channel, the number of that channel is written into the CMDA location- On the AM4 module four channels, numbered O-3, can be selected with the SELECT CHANNEL command.
SELECT CHANNEL should precede the SELECT SLOT command, which should be issued with the number of the slot in which the AIM4 module is installed. SELECT SLOT affects the global multiplexer on the AIM1 and is described in the reference sec­tion for that module.
When measuring the same channel repeatedly, the SELECT not be reissued for every measurement. Similarly, when several channels on the same module are read in succession, the SELECT SLOT command need only be issued once at the start of the sequence. Both SELECT SLOT and SELECT CHANNEL must be
issued before starting any AID conversions, or the data will be invalid. See Table 4 for values written to the SELECT CHANNEL location.
Table 4. Values Written to SELECT CHANNEL Function Binary Hex
Channel Channel Channel Channel
CHANNEL command location is used by alI analog input modules to
CHANNEL command need
Decimal
0 00000 HO 1 00001 Hl 2 ooolo I32 3 00011 H3
0 1 2 3
AlM4-6
AIM4 Module Calibration
Use the procedure below along with the information in Figure 3 to calibrate the AIM4 module. Use shielded cable for calibration connections, connect the shield to module ground only.
1. Place the A&I4 module in slot 4.
2. Connect the DMM high input to the AIM4 analog output (WlOl). Connect the DMM low level to module ground.
3. Connect jumper wires between the + and - terminals of all channels.
4. POKE the SELECT
0.
5. Place the channel 0 gain switch (SlOl) to the xl position and adjust the output off­set control (Rll.8) for a reading of 0.000 +l count on the DMM.
6. Place the channel 0 gain switch in the xl00 position and adjust the channel 0 input offset control (RlO4) for a reading of 0.000 fl count on the DMh4.
7.
Set the gain switches of the other channels to the xl00 positions.
8. Adjust the input offset controls for the other three channels in a similar manner. POKE the SELECT CHANNEL location with the values for the desired channel (1 = channel 1, 2 = channel 2, 3 = channel 3). Adjust the input offset control for a reading of O.OOO*l count on the DIvlM (RlO8 = channel 1, RX2 = channel 2, Rll.6 = channel 3).
9. Remove the shorting jumper from the channel 0 terminals, but leave all gain swit­ches in the xl00 positions. Leave all other inputs shorted.
Xl. Connect the calibrator high terminal to the + input of channel 0. Connect the
calibrator low terminal to the - input of channel 0.
11. POKE the SELECT CHANNEL location with a value of 0. Set the calibrator output to a value of 5OmV
12. Adjust the channel 0 gain control for a reading
33. Repeat steps lo-12 for the three remaining channels. Remove the jumper only from the channel being calibrated. The calibrator must be connected to the channel being calibrated, and the SELECT CHANNEL location must be POKED with the correct
value for that channel. Adjust the corresponding channel gain control for a reading of 5V &In-iv on the DMM with a 50mV input from the calibrator. The inputs for the channels not being calibrated must be kept shorted.
CHANNEL location (CEF86) with a value of 0 to select channel
of 5V
*lnW on the DMM.
AlM4-7
~zz-j
$$O
“35
-%tE
OUTPUT OFFSET CHAN 3 INPUT OFFSET
CHAN 2 INPUT OFFSET CHAN 2 GAIN
-WpCCU
CHAN 1 INPUT OFFSET CHAN 1 GAIN
6-200K b-m
CHAN 0 INPUT OFFSET CHAN 0 GAIN
6--
-
AIM48
Figure 3. AIM4 Calibration Adjustments
Theory of Operation
Refer to drawing number 500-166 for the following discussion.
The primary component on the AIM4 module is a 4 channel isolated input circuit, UlOl
(Analog Devices 2B54A). This circuit provides isolated signal conditioning and multiplexing for input signals ranging from *5OmV to *5V. The output of UlOlO is routed to the AN OUT path on the Series 500 baseboard.
Each of the four input channels is electrically isolated from system ground and from other input channels. Circuits U102 and 103 are responsible for channel selection from among the four channels. Ul.03 stores the value of DO and Dl, as set by the SELECT CHANNEL command (signal line CMDA); U102 decodes the output of Ul.03, producing four outputs, designated YO-y3 that drive the channel selection circuitry in UlOl. U103 is a quad transparent data latch (74LS75), and U102 is a one-of-four binary to decimal decoder (74LSl39).
Potentiometers RlO4, RlO8, Rll2, and Rll6 trim the input offset of Channels O-3 respec­tively, and Rll.8 provides an output offset adjustment for UlOl.
Gain for each channel is set by a switch, a fixed resistor, and a potentiometer. Switches SlOl-S104 select xl/x100 gain for channels O-3 respectively, while the parallel combina­tion of the resistor and potentiometer determine the gain of the channel in xl00 mode. Rl20, R106, RllO and R114 are the gain resistors for channels O-3 respectively, while potentiometers RlOl, R105, Rl.09 and Rl16 are respective trim adjustments for channels o-3.
AIM4 Specifications
Input channels: 4 isolated from each other and ground
Input characteristics:
Gain: xl, x100, switch selectable for each channel. User configurable for other gains
with optional resistor.
Input range:
xl, *5V max xl.00, *5OmV max
Accuracy:
Gain:
xl, *0.2%
x100, *O-2% adjustable to 1 lsb Gain non-linearity: f0.02% max Input offset: rt5OmV max, adjustable to zero Output offset: &i2nW max, adjustable to zero
Temperature coefficient:
xl, *0.0025%/“c x100, *0.0050%/“c
Input offset: *5pV/“C Output offset: *5O@/“C
Input noise voltage: 1ccV p-p, O.OlHz to lOOHz, Rs <lJsQ
Input bias current: + 8nA max Input resistance: lOOMQ Protection: DOV RMS max normal mode, f I= 6OHz Isolation: 500V peak, channel to channel or channel to ground Common mode rejection: 145dB, xlO0, R, <loO$ f I = 6OHz Normal mode rejection: 55dB, x100, f z=5OHz Settling time after channel selection: 2.5msec to O.Ol%, assuming settled input
AIMlAo
i-2lXU
-
AIM4 COMPONENT LAYOUT
AIM4WAIM4-12
I;-
IllIIIU I I*1
I
AIM4 SCHkMATlC DIAGRAM
AIM4WAIM414
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