DASCard-232/422/485
USER’S GUIDE
DASCard-232/422/485
User’s Guide
Revision A - August 1995
Part Number: 92850
New Contact Information
Keithley Instruments, Inc.
28775 Aurora Road
Cleveland, OH 44139
Technical Support: 1-888-KEITHLEY
Monday – Friday 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m (EST)
Fax: (440) 248-6168
Visit our website at http://www.keithley.com
The information contained in this manual is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Keithley
Instruments, Inc., assumes no responsibility for its use or for any infringements of patents or other rights
of third parties that may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any
patent rights of Keithley Instruments, Inc.
KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC., SHALL NO T BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL,
OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RELATED TO THE USE OF THIS PRODUCT. THIS
PRODUCT IS NOT DESIGNED WITH COMPONENTS OF A LEVEL OF RELIABILITY
SUITABLE FOR USE IN LIFE SUPPORT OR CRITICAL APPLICATIONS.
Refer to your Keithley Instruments license agreement for specific warranty and liability information.
MetraByte is a trademark of Keithley Instruments, Inc. All other brand and product names are
trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.
© Copyright Keithley Instruments, Inc., 1995.
All rights reserved. Reproduction or adaptation of any part of this documentation beyond that permitted
by Section 117 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act without permission of the Copyright owner is
unlawful.
Keithley MetraByte Division
Keithley Instruments, Inc.
440 Myles Standish Blvd. Taunton, MA 02780
FAX: (508) 880-0179
Telephone: (508) 880-3000
●
Preface
The DASCard-232/422/485 User’s Guide provides the information
needed to install and use the DASCard-232 and the DASCard-422/485.
While the DASCard-232 and the DASCard-422/485 are two separate
cards, this manual refers to the two cards collectively as the
DASCard-232/422/485.
The manual is intended for technicians, scientists, and other users
responsible for installing, starting up, and connecting serial devices to a
DASCard-232/422/485. Users are assumed to be familiar with data
communication principles, with their computers, and with their
applications.
The DASCard-232/422/485 User’s Guide is organized as follows:
●
Chapter 1 provides an overview of the features of a
DASCard-232/422/485 and a description of supporting software.
Chapter 2 describes how to unpack, install, and start up a
●
DASCard-232/422/485.
●
Chapter 3 describes cabling and wiring between the
DASCard-232/422/485 and serial devices.
●
Chapter 4 provides troubleshooting information.
●
Appendix A lists the specifications for a DASCard-232/422/485.
Appendix B lists the connector pin assignments for a
●
DASCard-232/422/485.
An index completes this manual.
●
v
Table of Contents
Preface
1
Overview
DASCard-232 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-1
DASCard-422/485 Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
Supporting Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-4
2
Setup and Installation
Assembling Your System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-1
Unpacking and Inspecting Your Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Overview of Installation and Startup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2
Preparing the Software. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Enabling the Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-4
Enabling the DASCard-232 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-4
Enabling the DASCard-422/485. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-5
Loading the Keithley MetraByte Enabler Utility . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Installing the Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-9
Loading the Handshake Enable/Disable Utility (for the
DASCard-422/485 Only). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-10
Converting between RS-422 and RS-485 Modes . . . . . . . . . . .2-12
Controlling Data Flow during Half-Duplex Operation
DASCard-485 Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-13
Making COM Port Settings from Windows. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14
Using the Diagnostics Utility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-15
3
Cabling and Wiring
Connecting to a DASCard-232 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-1
Connecting One or More Devices to a DASCard-422/485 . . . . .3-2
Using a Null Modem Cable (DASCard-232 Only) . . . . . . . . . . .3-5
4
Troubleshooting
Identifying Symptoms and Possible Causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-1
Testing the Card and the Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-3
Testing the PCMCIA Socket and Attached Device . . . . . . . . . . .4-4
Technical Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
iii
iv
A
Specifications
B
Connector Pin Assignments
Index
List of Figures
Figure 2-1. RTS-CTS Handshake Enabled/Disabled. . . . . . .2-11
Figure 2-2. RS-422 and RS-485 Configurations . . . . . . . . . .2-12
Figure 2-3. Feed-Through Connector Box for Converting
DASCard-422/485 to RS-485 Mode . . . . . .2-13
Figure 2-4. Block Diagram of RTS/DTR Signaling. . . . . . . . 2-14
Figure 3-1. Connecting a Device to a DASCard-232. . . . . . . .3-1
Figure 3-2. Connecting a Device to a DASCard-422/485 . . . . 3-2
Figure 3-3. Wiring Diagram for a Typical RS-422
Single-Device Application, Showing
Placement of Termination Resistors. . . . . . . . 3-2
Figure 3-4. Wiring Diagram for a Typical RS-422
Multiple-Device Application, Showing
Placement of Termination Resistors. . . . . . . . 3-3
Figure 3-5. Wiring Diagram for a Typical RS-485
Single-Device Application, Showing
Placement of Termination Resistors. . . . . . . . 3-4
Figure 3-6. Wiring Diagram for a Typical RS-485
Multiple-Device Application, Showing
Placement of Termination Resistors. . . . . . . . 3-4
Figure 3-7. Wiring Diagram for a Null Modem Cable. . . . . . . 3-5
List of Tables
Table 2-1. Typical Base Addresses and Interrupt Levels
for COM Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-5
Table 2-2. Switch Options for the Keithley
MetraByte Enabler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-7
Table 2-3. Switch Options for the Handshake Utility . . . . .2-12
Table 4-1. Troubleshooting Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-1
Table A-1. DASCard-232/422/485 Specifications . . . . . . . . A-1
Table B-1. Pin Assignments for the Connector of
the DASCard-232 Cable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
Table B-2. Pin Assignments for the Connector of
the DASCard-422/485 Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2
1
Overview
The DASCard-232 and DASCard-422/485 are serial adapter PC Cards
you can use with any notebook or desktop computer that contains a
Type II or III, PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card International
Association) socket. This chapter describes the features and supporting
software for these cards.
DASCard-232 Features
A DASCard-232 provides a single, asynchronous, full-duplex (can
transmit and receive simultaneously) RS-232 port through a 9-pin, male
cable connector (see Figure 3-1 on page 3-1). You can use the port for
single-ended, point-to-point communication over distances of up to
50 feet (15.2 meters).
The card can operate as an I/O port or a COM port, depending on the base
address. You can set the following operating options through a
communications software package or through the Windows
Panel (if the card is configured as a COM port):
●
Odd, even, or no parity
Seven or eight data bits
●
●
One, one and a half, or two stop bits.
●
A baud rate of 50, 75, 110, 134.5, 150, 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 3600,
4800, 7200, 9600, 19200, 38400, 56000, or 115200 baud.
A 16C550 Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (UART) with
two 16-byte, first-in, first-out (FIFO) memory buffers (one for
transmitting and one for receiving) enables the card to operate in
multitasking environments at high data rates.
™
Control
DASCard-232 Features 1-1
A DASCard-232 is configured as Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) and
can communicate directly with Data Communication Equipment (DCE),
such as modems and printers. If you want to communicate with another
DTE device, you must use a null modem cable; refer to page 3-5 for more
information.
DASCard-422/485 Features
A DASCard-422/485 operates in either RS-422 mode or RS-485 mode
through a 9-pin, female cable connector (see Figure 3-2 on page 3-2). You
change the card’s mode with e xternal wiring; refer to “Making COM Port
Settings from Windows” on page 2-14 for more information. Differences
between the two mode types are as follows:
RS-422 mode - In RS-422 mode, the card provides an asynchronous,
●
full-duplex (can transmit and receive simultaneously), differential
port; a single transmitter communicates with multiple receivers. In
RS-422 mode, the card can also be configured through software for
half-duplex (cannot transmit and receive simultaneously; uses
separate lines for transmitting and receiving) operation.
Communication through this port can extend over distances of up to
4,000 feet (1220 meters).
RS-485 mode - In RS-485 mode, the card provides an asynchronous,
●
half-duplex (cannot transmit and receive simultaneously; uses same
lines for transmitting and receiving), differential port; multiple
transmitters communicate with multiple receivers. Communication
through this port can extend over distances of up to 4,000 feet
(1220 meters).
The card can operate as an I/O port or a COM port, depending on the base
address. You can set the following operating options through your
application program (if the card is configured as an I/O port) or through a
communications software package or Windows Control Panel (if the card
is configured as a COM port):
Odd, even, or no parity
●
●
Five, six, seven, or eight data bits
●
One, one and a half, or two stop bits
1-2 Overview
A baud rate of 50, 75, 110, 134.5, 150, 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 3600,
●
4800, 7200, 9600, 19200, 38400, 56000, or 115200 baud.
A 16C550 UART with two 16-byte, FIFO memory buffers (one for
transmitting and one for receiving) enables the card to operate in
multitasking environments at high data rates. The card can also operate in
electrically noisy environments.
The DASCard-422/485 is configured as Data Terminal Equipment (DTE)
and can communicate directly with Data Communication Equipment
(DCE), such as modems and printers or with other Data Terminal
Equipment.
The DASCard-422/485 features a Request-To-Send and Clear-To-Send
(RTS-CTS) handshak e capability that allo ws communication between the
card and a peripheral device. This feature is useful when using a modem
or when the serial device is trying to send data faster than the host
computer can request data. You can enable/disable the RTS-CTS
handshake using software; refer to “Loading the Handshake
Enable/Disable Utility (for the DASCard-422/485 Only)” on page 2-10
for more information.
A DASCard-422/485 does not contain transmission line termination
resistors. For information on installing your own termination resistors,
refer to “Connecting One or More Devices to a DASCard-422/485” on
page 3-2.
DASCard-422/485 Features 1-3
Supporting Software
Keithley MetraByte supplies the following software with your
DASCard-232/422/485:
●
Keithley MetraByte Enabler utility - The Enabler utility
(KMENABLE.EXE) runs under DOS and requests system resources
for your DASCard-232/422/485. Refer to page 2-4 for more
information.
●
Keithley MetraByte diagnostics utility - The diagnostics utility
allows you to check the status of your DASCard-232/422/485
installed in a PCMCIA socket. Two versions of the diagnostics utility
are available: KMINFO.EXE runs under DOS and KMINFOW.EXE
runs under Windows. Refer to page 2-13 for more information.
Keithley MetraByte handshake enable/disable utility - The
●
handshake utility (KMHSHAKE.EXE) runs under DOS and
enables/disables hardware handshaking on your DASCard-422/485.
Refer to page 2-10 for more information.
1-4 Overview
CHAP02_.FRM Page 1 Wednesday, November 24, 1999 8:49 AM
2
Setup and I
This chapter contains the information you need to install and use your
DASCard-232/422/485.
Assembling Y our System
For proper operation of a DASCard-232/422/485, your system may
require the following items:
●
A notebook or desktop computer with a Type II or III, PCMCIA
socket.
●
DOS, Version 5.0 or higher.
CardSoft
●
Plus, or any other PCMCIA Card and Socket Services (PCMCIA
standard 2.10 or higher). Each of these packages allows a
DASCard-232/422/485 to work in your computer and is typically a
DOS-based, terminate-and-stay-resident (TSR) program loaded from
your CONFIG.SYS file.
, CardWare
, CardTalk
nstallation
, Phoenix
CARD Manager
Many notebook computers are shipped with PCMCIA Card and
Socket Services already installed. Check your computer
documentation or software package for the name of the services and
for compliance with PCMCIA standard 2.10 or higher. If you cannot
establish this compliance, you should obtain and install one of the
PCMCIA Card and Socket Services listed above.
A Keithley MetraByte Enabler utility (KMENABLE.EXE for DOS),
●
a Keithley MetraByte diagnostics utility (KMINFO.EXE for DOS
and KMINFOW.EXE for Windows), and a Keithley MetraByte
handshake enable/disable utility (KMHSHAKE.EXE for DOS).
Assembling Your System 2-1
CHAP02_.FRM Page 2 Wednesday, November 24, 1999 8:49 AM
A memory manager if you wish to load the handshake utility into
●
upper memory.
Unpacking and Inspecting Your Card
After opening the shipping carton, perform the following steps to unpack
and inspect your DASCard-232/422/485:
1. Carefully remove the card from its plastic case. (Keep the plastic case
for future storage needs.)
2. Inspect the card for signs of damage. Arrange to return a damaged
card to the factory; refer to page 4-4 for more information.
3. Make sure you have received the proper cable with your card. The
DASCard-232 cable should have a 9-pin, male connector; the
DASCard-422/485 cable should have a 9-pin, female connector.
4. Check the remaining contents of your package against the packing
list. Report any missing items immediately.
5. If the card and package are acceptable, you can set up the software
and the card. Refer to the following sections for information.
Overview of Installation and Startup
T o install and start a D ASCard-232/422/485, perform the follo wing tasks:
1. Install PCMCIA Card and Socket services, if required. Refer to the
manufacturer’s installation instructions.
2. Prepare the DASCard-232/422/485 software. Refer to page 2-3 for
information.
3. Unless you intend to use the generic enabler, load the Keithley
MetraByte Enabler. Refer to page 2-4 for information.
Note:
MetraByte Enabler before you load Windows and before you install
the card.
After starting up the computer, you must load the Keithley
2-2 Setup and Installation
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4. Install the DASCard-232/422/485. Refer to page 2-9 for information.
5. Load the Keithley MetraByte handshake enable/disable utility (for
DASCard-422/485 only), if required. Refer to page 2-10 for more
information.
Note:
To use the Keithley MetraByte handshake utility, you must
first load the Keithley MetraByte Enabler; the handshake utility does
not function with any other enabler.
6. Check the installation of the DASCard-232/422/485 using the
Keithley MetraByte diagnostics utility. Refer to page 2-13 for
information.
7. Connect a serial device to your D ASCard-232/422/485. Refer to page
3-1 for more information.
Preparing the Software
The standard operating software for your DASCard-232/422/485 is
contained on a disk that is included in your card package. Y ou can operate
the software from a disk or from your hard drive.
If you prefer to operate the software from a disk, make a copy of the
supplied disk. Use the copy as your working disk and store the supplied
disk as a backup.
If you prefer to operate the software from your computer’s hard drive,
perform the following steps:
1. Insert the supplied disk into a disk drive.
2. Make a new directory on the hard drive to contain the software.
3. Copy all the files from the supplied disk to the new directory on the
hard drive.
Before you use the software, review the following files:
●
FILES.TXT, a text file listing and describing all the files in the
standard software.
Preparing the Software 2-3
CHAP02_.FRM Page 4 Wednesday, November 24, 1999 8:49 AM
README.TXT, a text file containing information that was not
●
available when this manual was printed.
Enabling the Card
A PC Card enabler is a TSR whose overall function is to link the card and
the computer by requesting PCMCIA Card Services to allocate certain
resources for the card. For the DASCard-232/422/485, these resources
include a base address, an interrupt level, and the address of a memory
segment used for handshake control.
Most computers equipped to accept PC Cards use a generic enabler that
loads automatically upon startup. Howev er, PC Card manufacturers often
provide customized enablers to perform tasks a generic enabler might be
unable to handle. Keithley MetraByte provides KMENABLE.EXE, a
customized enabler designed to recognize and respond specifically to
Keithley MetraByte PC Cards. Whether you use the generic enabler or the
Keithley MetraByte Enabler depends on your card and application, as
described in the following subsections.
Enabling the DASCard-232
A DASCard-232 can function as an I/O port or a COM port, depending on
the base-address/interrupt-level combination assigned to the card. A
non-COM port base-address/interrupt-level combination makes the card
an I/O port, while a COM port base-address/interrupt-level combination
(see Table 2-1) makes the card a COM port.
This card works with most generic enablers as a COM port; the generic
enabler automatically assigns the first available COM port base address to
the card. If your DASCard-232 fails to work with a generic enabler,
remove the card from its socket and load the K eithley MetraByte Enabler
with switch options set for a base-address/interrupt-level combination
that assigns one of the COM ports listed in Table 2-1. For example, to
enable a card in socket 0 for COM3, use the following command:
KMENABLE /BA0:&h3E8 /I0:4
2-4 Setup and Installation
CHAP02_.FRM Page 5 Wednesday, November 24, 1999 8:49 AM
After loading the Enabler, return the card to its socket and run the
diagnostics utility (see “Controlling Data Flow during Half-Duplex
Operation (DASCard-485 Only)” on page 2-13).
Table 2-1. Typical Base Addresses and Interrupt Levels for
Base Address Interrupt Level Port Assignment
3F8h 4 COM1
2F8h 3 COM2
3E8h 4 COM3
COM Ports
2E8h 3 COM4
To use the DASCard-232 as an I/O port, load the Keithley MetraByte
Enabler either with no switch options (to use the default values in
Table 2-2 on page 2-7, if they are available) or with switch options set for
a base-address/interrupt-level combination other than those shown in
Table 2-1.
Enabling the DASCard-422/485
A DASCard-422/485 can function as an I/O port or a COM port,
depending on the base address/interrupt level assigned to the card. A
non-COM port base-address/interrupt-level combination makes the card
an I/O port, while a COM port base-address/interrupt-level combination
(see Table 2-1) makes the card a COM port.
To use the DASCard-422/485 as an I/O port, use the Keithley MetraByte
Enabler either without switch options (if the default values in Table 2-2
are available) or with switch options set for a base-address/interrupt-le v el
combination other than those shown in Table 2-1 (if the default values in
Table 2-2 are unavailable).
Enabling the Card 2-5
CHAP02_.FRM Page 6 Wednesday, November 24, 1999 8:49 AM
T o use the DASCard-422/485 as a COM port, use the Keithley MetraByte
Enabler to specify the base address and interrupt level for one of the port
assignments shown in Table 2-1. For example, to enable a card in socket 0
for COM3, use the following command:
KMENABLE /BA0:&h3E8 /I0:4
Do not assign a COM port in use by another card or device. You can
release a COM port assigned to a card by removing the card from its
socket or by unloading the Enabler.
You can also use a generic enabler to make the DASCard-422/485 an I/O
port. Howev er , generic enablers do not ha v e the switch options of fered by
the Keithley MetraByte Enabler , and some generic enablers cannot enable
the card to respond to the handshake utility. If your application requires
handshaking, use the Keithley MetraByte Enabler.
Loading the Keithley MetraByte Enabler Utility
To obtain a base address and interrupt level that are not in use by another
device in your system, perform the following steps for loading the
Keithley MetraByte Enabler:
Note:
from its socket. To prevent conflicts with the generic enabler or with
Windows, do not install your card or load Windows until after you
load the Keithley MetraByte Enabler.
1. Turn power to your computer on.
2. If your PCMCIA Card Services allow you to exclude resources from
resource allocation, make sure you exclude any base addresses and
interrupt levels in use by other devices in your system.
3. If your PCMCIA Card Services allow you to reserve system
resources, make sure that you reserve a base address and interrupt
level not in use by other devices in your system.
4. Table 2-2 is a list of command-line switch options for use with the
Enabler. Use these switch options when there is a conflict with the
default values for base address and interrupt level or when you want
to use your card as a COM port.
If your DASCard-232/422/485 is already installed, remove it
2-6 Setup and Installation
CHAP02_.FRM Page 7 Wednesday, November 24, 1999 8:49 AM
5. If the default base addresses and interrupt levels shown in Table 2-2
are available, go to step 9.
6. If the default base addresses and interrupt levels shown in Table 2-2
are unavailable, go to step 10.
7. Load the Keithley MetraByte Enabler by entering the following
statement at the DOS prompt:
KMENABLE
To continue, go to step 11.
Note:
If you prefer to start the Keithley MetraByte Enabler
automatically upon power-up, enter the KMENABLE command in
your computer’s AUTOEXEC.BAT file. Remember, though, to
remove your card before power-up.
8. Load the Keithley MetraByte Enabler using the necessary
command-line switch options listed in Table 2-2.
Table 2-2. Switch Options for the Keithley MetraByte
Enabler
Switch Syntax Description
/? Displays syntax information.
/BA0: baseaddress Uses the value you enter for baseaddress to specify
a base address for card 0. Make sure that &H
precedes hexadecimal numbers. If you do not use
this switch, the Enabler tries to use a default base
address of 300h.
/BA1: baseaddress
Uses the value you enter for baseaddress to specify
a base address for card 1. Make sure that &H
precedes hexadecimal numbers. If you do not use
this switch, the Enabler tries to use a default base
address of 308h.
/I0: intlevel
Enabling the Card 2-7
Uses the value you enter for intlevel to specify an
interrupt level for card 0. If you do not use this
switch, the Enabler tries to use a default level of 5.
CHAP02_.FRM Page 8 Wednesday, November 24, 1999 8:49 AM
Table 2-2. Switch Options for the Keithley MetraByte
Switch Syntax Description
Enabler (cont.)
/I1: intlevel
Uses the value you enter for intlevel to specify an
interrupt level for card 1. If you do not use this
switch, the Enabler tries to use a default level of 7.
/MEM0: memaddress Uses the value you enter for memaddress to specify
the address of a memory segment for card
information on card 0. Make sure that &H precedes
hexadecimal numbers and that the segment address
is less than FFFFh.
/MEM1: memaddress Uses the value you enter for memaddress to specify
the address of a memory segment for card
information on card 1. Make sure that &H precedes
hexadecimal numbers and that the segment address
is less than FFFFh.
/NORETRY
The Enabler detects an error
1
if any base address,
interrupt level, or memory segment address that you
specify is in use by another card. If you do not use
this option and specify a resource that is assigned to
another card, the Enabler automatically selects an
available resource.
/U Unloads the Enabler from computer memory.
Notes
1
An error detected by the Enabler is displayed when you run the diagnostics
utility (see page 2-15). If the error is displayed in one of the following 4-digit
formats, the error indicates an allocation problem with the named resource:
8xxx indicates base address; 4xxx indicates interrupt level; Cxxx indicates
memory.
For example, if the default assignments for card 0 are appropriate but
you want to change the assignments for card 1, enter a line similar to
the following at the DOS prompt:
KMENABLE /BA1:&H310 /I1:11
2-8 Setup and Installation
CHAP02_.FRM Page 9 Wednesday, November 24, 1999 8:49 AM
As another example, if you want to change a base address and/or
interrupt level without restarting your computer, you can unload the
Keithley MetraByte Enabler by entering the following statement at
the DOS prompt:
KMENABLE /U
Then, reload the Enabler using the command-line switch options to
specify a new base address, and/or interrupt level.
9. Install your DASCard-232/422/485; refer to page 2-9.
10. To determine whether the Enabler recognizes your card and whether
suitable resources were allocated, run the diagnostics utility; refer to
page 2-13.
Note:
If you use the PCMCIA software to reserve system resources and
then use a switch option to specify a base address or interrupt level that
was not reserved, the value you specify is ignored.
Installing the Card
Note:
are not required to turn computer power off when installing or remo ving a
card. A computer that does not conform to the ExCA (exchange card
architecture) Specification cannot support hot swapping; you must turn on
the socket with a software utility each time you insert a card. The socket
turn-on utility should be described in your computer documentation.
To install your DASCard-232/422/485, perform the following steps:
1. Select a Type II or III, PCMCIA socket and remove the cover from
2. Insert the card into the selected socket; the card is labeled to show the
On most notebook computers, you can hot-swap PC Cards; you
the socket.
direction of insertion and keyed to allow only one way of insertion.
On some computers, one or more beeps indicates that the card is
installed correctly.
Installing the Card 2-9
CHAP02_.FRM Page 10 Wednesday, November 24, 1999 8:49 AM
3. Make sure the card is ready for proper operation by running the
diagnostics utility (see page 2-13).
Note that while the Keithley MetraByte Enabler initially determines
whether other Keithley MetraByte PC Cards are present, it does not
recognize non-PCMCIA devices or other brands of PC Cards. If an
unrecognized device is present, the Enabler could mistakenly assign the
resources in use by that device, causing a conflict. The simplest way to
resolve such a conflict is to remove the D ASCard-232/422/485, reload the
Keithley MetraByte Enabler for a dif ferent base address, and re-install the
DASCard-232/422/485.
After installing your DASCard-232/422/485, you can connect a serial
device to the card; refer to page 3-1 for information. Refer to the
documentation provided with your computer for more information on
installing cards.
Loading the Handshake Enable/Disable Utility (for the
DASCard-422/485 Only)
Handshaking is a process by which one device checks the status of
another and responds accordingly. When device A is ready to transmit
data to device B, device A transmits an RTS signal to device B. If device
B is idle and can receive data, device B notifies device A with a CTS
signal. Device A does not transmit, however, unless it receives a CTS
signal. You can write your application program to respond to the CTS
signal from device B by disabling the device B data transmitter while
device A is transmitting.
The Keithley MetraByte handshake utility (KMHSHAKE.EXE) is a TSR
that allows you to enable/disable the handshake. When enabled and
disabled, the block diagrams for the handshake channel appear as shown
in Figure 2-1.
2-10 Setup and Installation
CHAP02_.FRM Page 11 Wednesday, November 24, 1999 8:49 AM
DASCard-422/485
RXD
(Receiver
Data)
RXD
(Xmitter
Data)
16C550
UART
CTS
RTS
a. Handshake Enabled
Figure 2-1. RTS-CTS Handshake Enabled/Disabled
Receiver
Driver
Receiver
Driver
Data
In
Data
Out
CTS
RTS
DASCard-422/485
RXD
(Receiver
Data)
RXD
(Xmitter
Data)
Receiver
Driver
16C550
UART
CTS
RTS
b. Handshake Disabled (default)
Receiver
Driver
Data
In
Data
Out
CTS
RTS
Note:
To use the Keithley MetraByte handshake utility, you must first
load the Keithley MetraByte Enabler; the Keithley MetraByte handshake
utility does not function with any other enabler.
At startup, the DASCard-422/485 handshake is disabled. You load the
handshake utility to enable the handshake by entering the following
statement at the DOS prompt:
KMHSHAKE /ON
Note:
T o conserv e lower memory, you can load the handshake utility into
high memory (between 640K bytes and 1M bytes). Refer to your memory
manager documentation for more information.
Loading the Handshake Enable/Disable Utility (for the DASCard-422/485 Only) 2-11
CHAP02_.FRM Page 12 Wednesday, November 24, 1999 8:49 AM
Table 2-2 lists the command-line switch options available for the
handshake utility.
Table 2-3. Switch Options for the Handshake Utility
Switch Syntax Description
/? Displays usage information.
/ON Enables handshaking.
/OFF Disables handshaking.
/U Unloads the handshake utility from computer
memory.
Converting between RS-422 and RS-485 Modes
A DASCard-422/485, as received from the factory, is configured for
RS-422 mode, as shown in Figure 2-2a. Pin numbers in Figure 2-2 are for
the 9-pin connector of the DASCard-422/485 cable (see Figure 2-3).
DASCard-422/485
4
Receiver
Driver
a. RS-422 Configuration
(full duplex)
RXD
8
2
TXD
7
Figure 2-2. RS-422 and RS-485 Configurations
DASCard-422/485
Receiver
Driver
b. RS-485 Configuration
(half duplex)
4
8
2
7
To convert a DASCard-422/485 to RS-485 mode (half-duplex operation
only), make external connections to tie like polarities of the receive
2-12 Setup and Installation
CHAP02_.FRM Page 13 Wednesday, November 24, 1999 8:49 AM
(RXD) and transmit (TXD) lines together, as shown in Figure 2-2b. You
can make the connections in a cable that you construct to connect a serial
device to the 9-pin female connector on the D ASCard-422/485 cable.You
can also make the connections by constructing a connector box that
attaches to the 9-pin connector of the DASCard-422/485 cable, as shown
in Figure 2-3.
User-provided
connector box in
which pin 2 is wired
to pin 4, and pin 7
is wired to pin 8
To serial
device
Figure 2-3. Feed-Through Connector Box for Converting
DASCard-422/485 to RS-485 Mode
DASCard-422/485
9-Pin
female
connector
Cable supplied
with your card.
Controlling Data Flow during Half-Duplex Operation
(DASCard-485 Only)
When you configure your DASCard-422/485 for the RS-485
(half-duplex) mode, as described in the preceding section, you cannot
transmit and receive simultaneously because transmission and reception
use the same lines. To prevent the card from transmitting and receiving
simultaneously , you must disable the card’s drivers during reception. You
can control the card’s drivers by controlling the states of the RTS or DTR
(data terminal ready) signals with your application program. If you use
RTS, setting RTS active low enables the card’s data and
hardware-handshake drivers, while clearing RTS disables these drivers. If
you use DTR, setting DTR active low enables the card’s data and
hardware-handshake drivers, while clearing DTR disables these drivers.
The circuitry that allows these options is shown in the block diagram of
Figure 2-4.
Controlling Data Flow during Half-Duplex Operation (DASCard-485 Only) 2-13
CHAP02_.FRM Page 14 Wednesday, November 24, 1999 8:49 AM
16C550
Half Duplex
Half Duplex
UART
RTS
DTR
Full Duplex
(default)
Mux
Driver
Active High
Output Enable
Driver
Figure 2-4. Block Diagram of RTS/DTR Signaling
Making COM Port Settings from Windows
When your DASCard-232/422/485 is enabled as a COM port, you can set
certain port parameters from Windows, as follows:
1. When you run the Keithley MetraByte diagnostics utility, after
installing your card, note the base address and interrupt level on the
diagnostics display.
Data
Out
RTS (for
handshake)
2. Start Windo ws.
3. In the Program Manager panel, double click on the Main panel icon.
4. In the Main panel, double click on the Control panel icon.
5. In the Control panel, double click on the Ports icon.
6. In the Ports panel, select the port your card was assigned to by the
Keithley MetraByte Enabler, then choose Settings.
7. The Settings panel allows you to set the desired baud rate and other
parameters. Set Flow according to whether your card’s handshake is
enabled (Xon/Xoff) or disabled (None).
8. Choose Advanced Settings, and set the base address and interrupt
level to match the ones shown in the diagnostics display (Step 1).
9. Choose OK for both Settings panels, then exit Windows.
2-14 Setup and Installation
CHAP02_.FRM Page 15 Wednesday, November 24, 1999 8:49 AM
Using the Diagnostics Utility
The Keithley MetraByte diagnostics utility (KMINFO.EXE for DOS,
KMINFOW.EXE for Windows) allows you to check the status of your
DASCard-232/422/485 during installation and startup and during
operation.
During installation and startup, use KMINFO.EXE to check your
DASCard-232/422/485 for correct installation. Enter the following at the
DOS prompt:
KMINFO
If your card is not operating properly while an application is running in
Windows, use KMINFOW.EXE to check for proper installation. Choose
Run from the Program Manager File menu, and use the Browse button to
find KMINFOW.EXE.
The diagnostics utility displays the following information:
● The PCMCIA Card and Socket Services that are installed
● Whether the Keithley MetraByte Enabler is installed
● The following information for each socket:
– The manufacturer of the installed card
– The card type
– Whether the card is enabled
– If the card is enabled, the base address, interrupt level, memory
window segment
– If the card is not enabled, any errors that occurred while
attempting to allocate system resources
Note: The utility displays a base address as a number preceded by
0x. The 0x signifies a hexadecimal number. For example, 0x350
indicates 350h.
Using the Diagnostics Utility 2-15
CHAP02_.FRM Page 16 Wednesday, November 24, 1999 8:49 AM
If information for a field in the diagnostics utility is missing or if an error
is displayed, the card is improperly configured. Refer to Chapter 4 for
troubleshooting information.
An error displayed in one of the following 4-digit formats indicates an
allocation problem with the named resource: 8xxx indicates base address;
4xxx indicates interrupt level; Cxxx indicates memory.
2-16 Setup and Installation
3
Cabling and Wiring
This chapter describes the cabling and wiring required for attaching
peripheral devices to your DASCard-232/422/485.
Connecting to a DASCard-232
Connect a serial device to a D ASCard-232 using the DASCard-232 cable
supplied with your card, as shown in Figure 3-1.
To PCMCIA
socket in
desktop or
notebook
computer
9-Pin male
connector
To serial
device
Figure 3-1. Connecting a Device to a DASCard-232
DASCard-232
Cable supplied
with your card.
Connecting to a DASCard-232 3-1
Connecting One or More Devices to a
DASCard-422/485
Connect a serial device to an RS-422/485 port using the
DASCard-422/485 cable supplied with your card, as sho wn in Figure 3-2.
To PCMCIA
socket in
desktop or
notebook
computer
DASCard-422/485
9-Pin
female
connector
To serial device
Figure 3-2. Connecting a Device to a DASCard-422/485
Typical wiring for a DASCard-422/485 operating in RS-422 mode and
wired to a single device is shown in Figure 3-3. The wiring diagram also
shows correct placement of termination resistors (termination resistors
are not furnished with the DASCard-422/485), which are recommended
for only the extreme ends of long runs.
DASCard-422/485
120 Ω 120 Ω
Receiver
Driver
120 Ω
120 Ω
Twisted-pair wiring for
long runs should be
shielded for noise
reduction
Driver
Receiver
Figure 3-3. Wiring Diagram for a Typical RS-422 Single-Device
Application, Showing Placement of Termination Resistors
3-2 Cabling and Wiring
Typical wiring for a DASCard-422/485 operating in RS-422 mode and
wired to multiple devices is shown in Figure 3-4. You can connect up to
32 driver/receiver pairs in this manner. The wiring diagram also shows
correct placement of termination resistors (termination resistors are not
furnished with the DASCard-422/485), which are recommended for only
the extreme ends of long runs.
DASCard-422/485
Receiver
Driver
Short-run drops
from long lines do
not require
shielding or
termination
resistors
Figure 3-4. Wiring Diagram for a Typical RS-422 Multiple-Device Application,
DASCard-422/485
120 Ω
120 Ω
Receiver
Driver
DASCard-422/485
120 Ω
Receiver
120 Ω
Driver
Optional shielding
(for noise
reduction) and
termination
resistors required
on long runs
Showing Placement of Termination Resistors
Typical wiring for a DASCard-422/485 operating in RS-485 mode and
wired to a single device is shown in Figure 3-5. The wiring diagram also
shows correct placement of termination resistors (termination resistors
are not furnished with the DASCard-422/485), which are recommended
for only the extreme ends of long runs.
When operating the card in RS-485 (half-duplex) mode, you must
Note:
disable the transmitter in order to receive data.
Connecting One or More Devices to a DASCard-422/485 3-3
DASCard-422/485
Receiver
Driver
120 Ω
Twisted-pair wiring for
long runs should be
shielded for noise
reduction
120 Ω
Receiver
Driver
Figure 3-5. Wiring Diagram for a Typical RS-485 Single-Device Application,
Showing Placement of Termination Resistors
Typical wiring for a DASCard-422/485 operating in RS-485 mode and
wired to multiple devices is shown in Figure 3-6. You can connect 50 to
60 transceivers in this manner. The wiring diagram also shows correct
placement of termination resistors (termination resistors are not furnished
with the DASCard-422/485), which are recommended for only the
extreme ends of long runs.
DASCard-422/485
Receiver
Driver
Short-run drops
from long lines do
not require
shielding or
termination
resistors
120 Ω
Receiver
DASCard-422/485
Driver
120 Ω
Optional shielding
(for noise
reduction) and
termination
resistors required
on long runs
DASCard-422/485
Receiver
Driver
Figure 3-6. Wiring Diagram for a Typical RS-485 Multiple-Device Application,
Showing Placement of Termination Resistors
3-4 Cabling and Wiring
Using a Null Modem Cable (DASCard-232 Only)
A DASCard-232 is a DTE device and can communicate directly with
DCE devices, such as modems and printers. If you want to communicate
with another DTE device, you must use a null modem cable. Null modem
cables switch the signals on three pairs of lines between the two DTE
devices, as shown in the wiring diagram of Figure 3-7. The purpose of
switching these lines is to connect the transmit terminal of device A to the
receive terminal of device B, the receive terminal of device A to the
transmit terminal of device B, and so on. You can purchase a null modem
cable at most electronic shops, or you can construct your own according
to the wiring diagram.
05
09
04
08
03
07
02
06
01
To DTE or
DTE cable
SG
CTS
RXD
DTR
Figure 3-7. Wiring Diagram for a Null Modem Cable
RTS
TXD
DSR
05
09
04
08
03
07
02
06
01
To
DASCard-232
I/O cable
Using a Null Modem Cable (DASCard-232 Only) 3-5
CHAP04_.FRM Page 1 Wednesday, November 24, 1999 8:52 AM
4
Troubleshooting
If your DASCard-232/422/485 is not operating properly, use the
information in this chapter to isolate the problem. If the problem appears
serious enough to warrant technical support, refer to page 4-4 for
information on how to contact an applications engineer.
Identifying Symptoms and Possible Causes
Table 4-1 lists general symptoms and possible solutions for problems
with a DASCard-232/422/485.
Table 4-1. Troubleshooting Information
Symptom Possible Cause Possible Solution
Diagnostics utility
indicates that the
card is not installed
correctly
Card does not
respond
Card is physically
damaged
The Enabler is not installed. Reload the Enabler (You cannot load the
Enabler from the DOS box in W indows.)
Refer to page 2-4.
The card is not inserted correctly
in the PCMCIA socket.
Remove the card and insert again. If
your computer does not support
hot-swapping, you may have to power
the socket using a PCMCIA Card
Services utility.
Contact the Keithley MetraByte
Applications Engineering Department;
refer to page 4-4.
Identifying Symptoms and Possible Causes 4-1
CHAP04_.FRM Page 2 Wednesday, November 24, 1999 8:52 AM
Table 4-1. Troubleshooting Information (cont.)
Symptom Possible Cause Possible Solution
Mouse does not
work properly or
interferes with other
card operations
Intermittent
operation
Card does not work
properly
PCMCIA Card Services may
have selected an interrupt lev el or
base address that is being used by
the mouse.
Vibrations or loose connections.
Electrical noise.
Improper cabling/termination in
external wiring.
You used Ctrl + Alt + Del to restart
your computer. (On some
computers, Ctrl+Alt+Del does
not reset the socket controller.)
Use the diagnostics utility to determine
the system resources selected by the
PCMCIA Card Services; refer to
page 2-13. If the interrupt level or base
address is being used by the mouse, load
the Enabler again using command-line
options to select another interrupt level
or base address; refer to page 2-4.
Assign another interrupt level or base
address to the mouse.
Cushion source of vibration and tighten
connections.
Provide better shielding or reroute
wiring.
Refer to wiring diagrams in Chapter 3.
Restart your computer by using the reset
button or by turning power OFF and
then back ON. Refer to your computer
documentation.
System lockup A timing error occurred. Press Ctrl + Alt+Del .
Handshaking is
inoperable
Enabler could not allocate
memory for handshaking
window.
Use a memory manager to exclude a
space for the handshaking memory
window.
If you cannot identify the problem using the information in Table 4-1,
refer to the next section to determine whether the problem is in the
computer or in the DASCard-232/422/485.
4-2 Troubleshooting
CHAP04_.FRM Page 3 Wednesday, November 24, 1999 8:52 AM
Testing the Card and the Computer
To determine whether the problem is in the computer or in the
DASCard-232/422/485, perform the following steps:
1. Remove power connections to the computer.
2. Unplug the DASCard-232/422/485 cable from the card, keeping the
connections intact on the device attached to the cable.
3. Remove the DASCard-232/422/485 from the computer and visually
check for damage. If a card is obviously damaged, refer to page 4-4
for information on returning the card.
4. With the DASCard-232/422/485 out of the computer, check the
computer for proper operation. Power up the computer and perform
any necessary diagnostics.
If you have another DASCard-232/422/485 that you know is functional,
refer to the next section to determine whether the problem is in the
PCMCIA socket or in the device attached to the cable. If you do not have
another card, refer to page 4-4 for information on how to contact an
applications engineer.
Testing the Card and the Computer 4-3
CHAP04_.FRM Page 4 Wednesday, November 24, 1999 8:52 AM
Testing the PCMCIA Socket and Attached Device
To determine whether the problem is in the PCMCIA socket or in the
serial device, perform the following steps:
1. When you are sure that the computer is operating properly, install a
DASCard-232/422/485 you know is functional. Do not connect the
device to the card cable.
2. Apply computer power and check operation with the functional
DASCard-232/422/485 in place. This test checks the PCMCIA
socket. If you are using multiple cards, check the sockets you are
using.
3. If the PCMCIA sockets are functional, connect the
DASCard-232/422/485 cable to the device, and check operation.
4. If operation is normal, the problem is in the original
DASCard-232/422/485.
5. If you cannot isolate the problem, refer to the next section for
instructions on getting technical support.
Technical Support
Before returning any equipment for repair, call the Keithley MetraByte
Applications Engineering Department at:
(508) 880-3000
Monday - Friday, 8:00
A.M.
- 6:00
P.M.
, Eastern Time
4-4 Troubleshooting
CHAP04_.FRM Page 5 Wednesday, November 24, 1999 8:52 AM
An applications engineer will help you diagnose and resolve your
problem over the telephone. Please make sure that you hav e the follo wing
information available before you call:
DASCard232/422/485
Model DASCard-232
DASCard-422/485
Serial # _____________________
Revision code _____________________
Computer
Manufacturer _____________________
CPU type 286 386 486 Pentium
Clock speed (MHz) 20 25 33 66 100 ____
Math coprocessor Yes No
Amount of RAM _____________________
Video system EGA VGA SVGA
BIOS type _____________________
PCMCIA controller _____________________
Memory manager _____________________
Operating system DOS version _____________________
Windows version 3.0 3.1 _____________
Windows mode Standard Enhanced
PCMCIA Card
and Socket Services Version
Type
_____________________
_____________________
Compiler
(if applicable)
Language _____________________
Manufacturer _____________________
Version _____________________
Accessories
Type/number _____________________
Type/number _____________________
Type/number _____________________
Technical Support 4-5
CHAP04_.FRM Page 6 Wednesday, November 24, 1999 8:52 AM
If a telephone resolution is not possible, the applications engineer will
issue you a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number and ask you to
return the equipment. Include the RMA number with any documentation
regarding the equipment.
When returning equipment for repair, include the following information:
●
Your name, address, and telephone number.
The invoice or order number and date of equipment purchase.
●
A description of the problem or its symptoms.
●
●
The RMA number on the outside of the package.
Repackage the equipment, using the original anti-static wrapping, if
possible, and handling it with ground protection. Ship the equipment to:
ATTN: RMA #_______
Repair Department
Keithley MetraByte
440 Myles Standish Boulevard
Taunton, Massachusetts 02780
Telephone (508) 880-3000
Telex 503989
FAX 508/880-0179
Note:
If you are submitting your equipment for repair under warranty,
you must include the invoice number and date of purchase.
4-6 Troubleshooting
− 40 °
A
Specifications
Table A-1 lists the specifications for the DASCard-232/422/485.
Table A-1. DASCard-232/422/485 Specifications
Attribute DASCard-232 DASCard-422/485
UART 16C550 UART; provides a 16-byte FIFO to off-load the CPU
Data transfer rate Up to 115.2 kbaud
+5 V power supply
requirements
Operating
temperature
Storage temperature
Humidity 0 to 90%, noncondensing
Dimensions Standard PCMCIA Type II
PCMCIA standard PCMCIA PC Standard Specification 2.1
Static discharge
protection
Notes
1
With I/O connector unplugged.
Static: 30 mA, maximum
Operating: 36 mA, maximum
Standby: 25 mA, maximum
10 kV ESD protection 4 kV ESD protection
1
Operating: 81 mA, maximum
0 ° C to 70 ° C
C to 85 ° C
(5.00 mm thick)
Static: 30 mA, maximum
Standby: 25 mA, maximum
1
A-1
B
Connector Pin Assignments
The following tables list the pin assignments for the 9-pin connector of
the DASCard-232 and the DASCard-422/485 cables.
Table B-1. Pin Assignments for the Connector of the
DASCard-232 Cable
Pin Name Function
1 CD Carrier Detect
2 RXD Receive Data
3 TXD Transmit Data
4 DTR Data Terminal Ready
5 SG Signal Ground
6 DSR Data Set Ready
7 RTS Ready To Send
8 CTS Clear T o Send
9 RI Ring Indicator
B-1
−
Table B-2. Pin Assignments for the Connector of the
DASCard-422/485 Cable
Pin Name Function
1 RTS+ Ready To Send (positive)
2 TXD+ Transmit Data (positive)
3 SG Signal Ground
4 RXD+ Receive Data (positive)
5 CTS+ Clear To Send (positive)
6RTS
7 TXD −
8 RXD −
9 CTS −
Ready To Send (negative)
Transmit Data (negative)
Receive Data (negative)
Clear To Send (negative)
B-2 Connector Pin Assignments
Index
A
Applications Engineering Department
C
cable
DASCard-232
DASCard-232 I/O
DASCard-422/485
DASCard-422/485 I/O
null modem
cabling and wiring
card
installation
installing and starting
unpacking and inspecting
COM port addresses and interrupt levels
configuration
RS-422
RS-485
connecting
DASCard-232
DASCard-422 to multiple devices
DASCard-422 to single device
DASCard-485 to multiple devices
DASCard-485 to single device
connector pin assignments
converting between RS-422 and RS-485
2-12
2-12
1-2
2-9
3-1
,
3-1
3-1
2-2
3-2
2-2
3-5
2-2
2-2
B-1
2-12
D
4-4
3-3
3-2
3-4
3-3
2-5
DASCard-422/485 conversion
data control for RS-485 mode
DCE
1-2
diagnostics utility
DTE
1-2
1-4
,
2-15
E
enabler
generic
Keithley MetraByte
switch options
2-4
2-7
1-4
,
F
features
DASCard-232
DASCard-422/485
FIFO
1-1
FILES.TXT information file
full or half duplex
1-1
1-2
2-3
2-12
G
generic enabler
2-4
H
half duplex
handshake
enable/disable utility
line
hot-swap
2-12
1-4
1-3
2-9
2-12
2-13
2-4
,
2-10
DASCard-232 cable
DASCard-422/485 cable
3-1
,
3-2
B-1
,
B-2
X-1
I
installing the card
2-9
K
Keithley MetraByte Enabler
KMENABLE.EXE
KMHSHAKE.EXE
KMINFO.EXE
KMINFOW.EXE
2-1
2-1
2-1
2-1
L
loading handshake utility
2-10
M
mode
RS-422
RS-485
1-2
1-2
,
2-12
,
2-12
2-4
preparing the software
2-3
R
README.TXT information file
returning equipment
RMA number
RS-232
RS-422
RS-485
RTS-CTS handshake line
RXD lines
1-1
1-2
1-2
2-13
4-4
4-6
1-3
S
socket, PCMCIA
software preparation
specifications
switch options
handshake utility
Keithley MetraByte Enabler
system requirements
2-9
2-3
A-1
2-12
2-1
2-4
2-7
N
null modem cable
1-2
,
3-5
P
PCMCIA Card and Socket Services
PCMCIA Card Services
pin assignments
port
RS-232
RS-422
RS-485
X-2 Index
B-1
1-1
1-2
1-2
4-2
2-1
T
technical support 4-4
testing 4-3
text file
FILES.TXT
README.TXT 2-4
troubleshooting information 4-1
TSR 2-4, 2-10
TXD lines 2-13
2-3
U
UART 1-1
unpacking your card 2-2
utility
diagnostics
handshake enable/disable 1-4, 2-10
Keithley MetraByte Enabler 1-4
1-4, 2-15
X-3
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