Tektronix cts710 User Manual

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User Manual

CTS 710 SONET Test Set

070-8852-03

This document applies to firmware version 1.3 and above.

Copyright E Tektronix, Inc. 1994. All rights reserved. T ektronix products are covered by U.S. and foreign patents, issued and

pending. Information in this publication supercedes that in all previously published material. Specifications and price change privileges reserved.

Tektronix, Inc., P.O. Box 500, Beaverton, OR, 97077 TEKTRONIX and TEK are registered trademarks of Tektronix, Inc.

WARRANTY

Tektronix warrants that this product will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of three (3) years from the date of shipment. If any such product proves defective during this warranty period, Tektronix, at its option, either will repair the defective product without charge for parts and labor, or will provide a replacement in exchange for the defective product.

In order to obtain service under this warranty, Customer must notify Tektronix of the defect before the expiration of the warranty period and make suitable arrangements for the performance of service. Customer shall be responsible for packaging and shipping the defective product to the service center designated by Tektronix, with shipping charges prepaid. Tektronix shall pay for the return of the product to Customer if the shipment is to a location within the country in which the Tektronix service center is located. Customer shall be responsible for paying all shipping charges, duties, taxes, and any other charges for products returned to any other locations.

This warranty shall not apply to any defect, failure or damage caused by improper use or improper or inadequate maintenance and care. Tektronix shall not be obligated to furnish service under this warranty a) to repair damage resulting from attempts by personnel other than Tektronix representatives to install, repair or service the product; b) to repair damage resulting from improper use or connection to incompatible equipment; or c) to service a product that has been modified or integrated with other products when the effect of such modification or integration increases the time or difficulty of servicing the product.

THIS WARRANTY IS GIVEN BY TEKTRONIX WITH RESPECT TO THIS PRODUCT IN LIEU OF ANY OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS DISCLAIM ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. TEKTRONIX’ RESPONSIBILITY TO REPAIR OR REPLACE DEFECTIVE PRODUCTS IS THE SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY PROVIDED TO THE CUSTOMER FOR BREACH OF THIS WARRANTY. TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IRRESPECTIVE OF WHETHER TEKTRONIX OR THE VENDOR HAS ADVANCE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

General Safety Summary xvii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Preface xxi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

How This Manual is Organized xxi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Conventions xxi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Related Manuals xxii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Using the CTS 710 Reference xxiii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Getting Started

Getting Started 1–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Product Description 1–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Accessories 1–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Standard Accessories 1–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Optional Accessories 1–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

First Time Operation 1–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Installing the Accessory Pouch 1–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting Up the CTS 710 1–7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Turning On the CTS 710 1–9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Turning Off the CTS 710 1–10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Operating Basics

Functional Overview 2–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Front-Panel Controls, Indicators, and Connectors 2–2. . . . . . . . . . .

Rear-Panel Controls and Connectors 2–4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Front-Panel Status Lights 2–4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Reading the Display 2–6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

The Basic Menu Structure 2–9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

What is a Menu? 2–9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Selecting Menus 2–11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Selecting Pages 2–11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Displaying Help 2–12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Connecting Signals 2–13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Connecting Optical Signals 2–14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Connecting SONET Electrical Signals 2–15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Connecting DS1/DS3 Electrical Signals 2–15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Initiating Autoscan 2–15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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Changing Parameters 2–15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Selecting Parameters 2–16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Selecting from Lists 2–16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Changing Decimal Numbers 2–17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Changing Binary Numbers 2–20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Entering T ext 2–21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Working with the Disk Drive 2–23. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Reading Files on Disk 2–24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tutorial 2–27. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Before Turning On the CTS 710 2–27. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting Transmit Parameters 2–28. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting Receive Parameters 2–30. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the T est Time 2–31. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Where Test Results Are Displayed 2–32. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Begin the T est 2–33. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Inserting Errors 2–34. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Adjusting Pointers 2–36. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Viewing Transport Overhead 2–40. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Editing the Transport Overhead 2–41. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Viewing Test Results 2–43. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Reference

Basic Test Procedures 3–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting Up the CTS 710 3–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Network Continuity Checking 3–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Transmission Signal Quality Testing 3–4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Measuring Bit Error Rate 3–4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

T esting Mapping and Demapping 3–6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fault T olerance Checking 3–8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Response to Errors and Alarms 3–8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Response to Pointer Movements 3–13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Response to Line Frequency Offset 3–16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Performance Monitoring 3–18. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting Test Control Parameters 3–23. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the T est Time Duration 3–23. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting a Unique T est Time Duration 3–24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the History Resolution 3–26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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Starting and Stopping a T est 3–27. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Making Changes While Running a T est 3–28. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Actions You Cannot Perform While Running a Test 3–28. . . . . .

Working with Test Setups 3–31. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Saving and Recalling Instrument Setups 3–31. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Saving Instrument Setups 3–32. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Recalling Instrument Setups 3–34. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Recalling the Default Factory Setup 3–35. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Deleting Instrument Setups from Disk 3–36. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Pass/Fail T ests 3–37. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Parameters of a Pass/Fail T est 3–37. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fail If Conditions 3–38. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Creating a Pass/Fail T est 3–44. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Running a Pass/Fail T est 3–49. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Changing an Existing Pass/Fail T est 3–51. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Deleting a Pass/Fail T est from Disk 3–53. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Checking Signal Status 3–55. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Viewing Signal Structure 3–55. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Viewing the Payload (Add/Drop/Test Option Only) 3–56. . . . . .

Determining the Payload Pattern and Framing

(Add/Drop/T est Option Only) 3–57. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Printing the AutoScan Dialog Box 3–58. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Viewing the Signal State 3–58. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Extended Status 3–61. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Beeper 3–61. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting SONET T ransmit Parameters 3–63. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Steps for Setting Parameters 3–63. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Transmit Rate 3–64. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Independent Transmit and Receive Settings 3–64. . . . . . . . . . . .

Coupling Transmit and Receive Settings 3–65. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Through Mode 3–67. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Transmit Clock 3–68. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Transmit Level 3–69. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Signal Structure 3–69. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Specifying the STS to T est 3–70. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Payload Mapping 3–71. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Unequipped Payload Mapping 3–72. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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Mapping a Tributary Signal (Add/Drop/Test Option Only) 3–72. . .

Mapping a Tributary with VT1.5 Floating Async Payload

Setting the T est Pattern 3–75. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting Overhead Bytes 3–77. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

How to Edit an Overhead Byte 3–77. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Editing the V5 Byte 3–80. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bytes You Cannot Edit 3–81. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Editing the J1 Path Trace Byte 3–82. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Adding DCC and User Channel Overhead Bytes 3–84. . . . . . . .

Setting Tributary Signal Transmit Parameters 3–89. . . . . . . . . .

Steps for Setting Parameters 3–89. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Transmit Rate 3–90. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Independent Transmit and Receive Settings 3–90. . . . . . . . . . . .

Coupling Transmit and Receive Settings 3–90. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Transmit Clock 3–92. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Line Clock Offset 3–93. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Transmit Line Code 3–93. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Specifying the Framing 3–94. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Specifying the T est Pattern 3–96. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting SONET Receive Parameters 3–99. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Steps for Setting Parameters 3–99. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Receive Rate 3–100. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Independent Receive and Transmit Settings 3–101. . . . . . . . . . . .

Coupling Receive and Transmit Settings 3–101. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Receive Level 3–103. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Signal Structure 3–103. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Specifying Which STS to T est 3–104. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Mapping 3–104. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Demultiplexing a DS1 from a DS3 Mapped in a SONET Signal

(Add/Drop/T est Option Only) 3–107. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Demapping a Tributary Signal (Add/Drop/Test Option Only) 3–110.

Dropping a Tributary Signal 3–111. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the T est Pattern 3–113. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Unequipped Payload Mapping 3–114. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Checking Received Optical Power or Received Peak Voltage 3–114.

Mapping 3–72. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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Viewing Overhead Bytes 3–115. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Viewing Transport Overhead Bytes 3–115. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Viewing Path Overhead Bytes 3–116. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Displaying the J1 Path Trace Message 3–116. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Displaying the V5 Byte 3–117. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Dropping DCC and User Channel Overhead Bytes 3–117. . . . . . .

Controlling the Display Update 3–120. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting Tributary Receive Parameters 3–121. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Steps for Setting Parameters 3–121. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Receive Rate 3–122. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Independent Receive and Transmit Settings 3–123. . . . . . . . . . . .

Coupling Receive and Transmit Settings 3–123. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Receive Level 3–124. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Framing 3–124. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Specifying the T est Pattern 3–125. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Demultiplexing a DS1 from a DS3 Signal 3–127. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting Alarms and Inserting Errors 3–131. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Simulating Error Conditions 3–131. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Specifying the Error to Insert 3–132. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Inserting Errors 3–133. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting Alarms 3–135. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Simulating Transmit Failures 3–138. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting Pointers and Changing Timing 3–141. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting Pointers 3–141. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Manual Pointer Control 3–142. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Continuous Pointer Movement 3–147. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Changing Timing 3–149. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Generating Pointer Sequences 3–151. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Starting Pointer Sequences 3–156. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Testing Automatic Protection Switching 3–161. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the APS Mode 3–161. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the K1 Byte 3–162. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the K2 Byte 3–166. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Transmitting the K1 and K2 Bytes 3–170. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Viewing the Network Response to APS Commands 3–172. . . . . . . . .

Viewing Results 3–173. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Viewing a Summary of Results 3–173. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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Viewing Detailed Results 3–174. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Displaying an Overview of T est Results 3–175. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Displaying an Analysis of T est Results 3–177. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Viewing Measurement Histories 3–181. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

T ypes of Graphs 3–182. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Elements of the History Graph Display 3–186. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Graph Name 3–186. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

History Resolution 3–186. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Power Out Indicator 3–187. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Cursor 3–187. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Cursor Position 3–187. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Measurement Results at Cursor Position 3–187. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Zooming History Graphs 3–188. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Panning History Graphs 3–190. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Changing the Displayed History Graph 3–190. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Displaying Mini-Graphs 3–191. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Saving and Recalling Results 3–192. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Saving T est Results to Disk 3–192. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Recalling T est Results from Disk 3–194. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Deleting T est Results from Disk 3–195. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Recalling T est Results from Memory 3–196. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Printing Results 3–196. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Printing Main Results or Error Analysis 3–196. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Printing History Graphs 3–198. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Changing Instrument Settings 3–199. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Viewing the Instrument Configuration 3–199. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Display Brightness 3–200. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Turning the Beeper On and Off 3–201. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Date 3–202. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Time 3–202. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Changing the Printer Setup 3–203. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Specifying the Printer or File T ype 3–204. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting RS-232 Parameters 3–204. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Print User & Company T ext 3–206. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting Remote Control Parameters 3–206. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the GPIB Address 3–207. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting RS-232 Parameters 3–208. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Running Instrument Self T ests 3–210. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Running the Power Up Self T est 3–211. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Appendices

Appendix A: Menu Maps A–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

TEST CONTROL Page A–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

RECALL INSTRUMENT SETUPS Page A–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

RECALL PASS/FAIL TESTS Page A–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SAVE INSTRUMENT SETUPS Page A–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SAVE PASS/FAIL TESTS Page A–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

TRANSMIT SETTINGS Page (1 of 2) A–4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

TRANSMIT SETTINGS Page (2 of 2) A–5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ERRORS & ALARMS Page (1 of 4) A–6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ERRORS & ALARMS Page (2 of 4) A–7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ERRORS & ALARMS Page (3 of 4) A–8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ERRORS & ALARMS Page (4 of 4) A–9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POINTERS & TIMING Page (1 of 3) A–10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POINTERS & TIMING Page (2 of 3) A–11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POINTERS & TIMING Page (3 of 3) A–12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

APS COMMANDS Page (1 of 3) A–13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

APS COMMANDS Page (2 of 3) A–14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

APS COMMANDS Page (3 of 3) A–15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

TRANSPORT OVERHEAD Page A–16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

PA TH OVERHEAD Page A–17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

RECEIVE SETTINGS Page (1 of 2) A–18. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

RECEIVE SETTINGS Page (2 of 2) A–19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SIGNAL STATUS Page A–20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

TRANSPORT OVERHEAD Page A–20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

PA TH OVERHEAD Page A–21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

TEST SUMMARY Page A–21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MAIN RESULTS Page A–22. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ERROR ANALYSIS Page A–22. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

HISTORY GRAPHS Page A–23. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SAVE RESULTS Page A–24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

RECALL RESULTS Page A–24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MISC SETTINGS Page A–24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

PRINTER SETUP Page A–25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

REMOTE CONTROL Page A–26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

INSTR CONFIG Page A–27. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SELF TEST Page A–27. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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Appendix B: Status and Error Messages B–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Status Messages B–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Error Messages B–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Appendix C: Default Factory Settings C–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Appendix D: Specifications D–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Appendix E: Incoming Inspection Test E–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Loop-Back Connection E–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

How to Proceed E–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

System Self T est with External Loop-Back E–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SONET Signals E–4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tributary Signals (Add/Drop/Test Option Only) E–6. . . . . . . . . . . .

Appendix F: Example Disk Contents F–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Instrument Setups F–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

T est Results F–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Pass/Fail T ests F–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Appendix G: Rear-Panel Connectors G–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

VGA Video Output G–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

GPIB Port G–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

RS-232 Port G–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

External Clock Input G–4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Calibration Signal Output G–4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Overhead Add/Drop Port G–5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

BITS Timing Reference Input G–7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Appendix H: Changing Optical Port Connectors H–1. . . . . . . . .

Cleaning the Optical Ports H–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Changing the Optical Port Connectors H–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Appendix I: Packing for Shipment I–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Glossary and Index

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CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

List of Figures

Figure i: Placing the Reference for Easy Viewing xxiii. . . . . . . .

Figure 1–1: Installing the Accessory Pouch 1–4. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 1–2: Inserting the Pouch Under the Front Panel

Trim 1–5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 1–3: Location of the D-Ring on the Accessory Pouch 1–6 Figure 1–4: Rear-Panel Controls and Connectors Used

in Setup 1–8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 1–5: ON/STBY Button 1–10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 2–1: Controls Located Around the Display 2–2. . . . . . . .

Figure 2–2: Front-Panel Controls, Indicators, and

Connectors 2–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 2–3: Rear-Panel Controls and Connectors 2–4. . . . . . . .

Figure 2–4: Status Lights (With Option 22 Installed) 2–5. . . . .

Figure 2–5: Major Areas of the Display 2–6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 2–6: Specific Elements of the Display 2–7. . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 2–7: The Five Menus 2–9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 2–8: Menus and Pages 2–10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 2–9: Menu Select Buttons 2–11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 2–10: How to Display a Page 2–12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 2–11: Help Dialog Box 2–13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 2–12: Selecting a Parameter 2–16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 2–13: Selecting Choices From a List 2–17. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 2–14: Selecting USER DEFINED 2–18. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 2–15: Entering a Numeric Value 2–19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 2–16: Selecting a Byte for Editing 2–20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 2–17: Editing a Byte 2–21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 2–18: Selecting a Text String for Editing 2–22. . . . . . . . .

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Figure 2–19: Editing a Text String 2–23. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 2–20: Setup for the Tutorial 2–28. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 2–21: The TRANSMIT SETTINGS Page of the

TRANSMIT Menu 2–29. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 2–22: The TEST TIME Page of the UTILITY Menu 2–31 Figure 2–23: The TEST SUMMARY Page of the RESULTS

Menu 2–32. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 2–24: The MAIN RESULTS Page of the RESULTS

Menu 2–33. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 2–25: The Message Line and Test Status Indicator 2–34. Figure 2–26: The ERRORS & ALARMS Page of the

TRANSMIT Menu 2–35. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 2–27: The POINTERS & TIMING Page of the

TRANSMIT Menu 2–37. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 2–28: Adjusting Frequency Offset Using the Knob 2–39. Figure 2–29: The TRANSPORT OVERHEAD Page of

the TRANSMIT Menu 2–41. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 2–30: The Display in Edit Mode 2–42. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 2–31: The TEST SUMMARY Page of the RESULTS

Menu 2–44. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 2–32: The MAIN RESULTS Page of the RESULTS

Menu 2–45. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–1: Setup to Check Network Continuity 3–2. . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–2: Setup to Check a Transmission Link 3–4. . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–3: Setup to Test Mapping and Demapping 3–6. . . . . .

Figure 3–4: Setup to Check Error and Alarm Response 3–9. . .

Figure 3–5: Setup to Check Pointer Movements 3–14. . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–6: Setup to Check Line Frequency Offset

Response 3–16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–7: Setup to Monitor Performance 3–19. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–8: The Test Control Page 3–24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–9: Setting a USER DEFINED Test Duration 3–25. . . .

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Figure 3–10: Elapsed Time and Bar Graph Indicators 3–28. . . .

Figure 3–11: The SAVE INSTRUMENT SETUPS Page 3–33. . . Figure 3–12: The RECALL INSTRUMENT SETUPS Page 3–35

Figure 3–13: Selecting a Disk File for Deleting 3–36. . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–14: The SAVE PASS/FAIL TESTS Page 3–37. . . . . . . .

Figure 3–15: Entering Fail If Conditions 3–47. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–16: The TEST BEGIN Dialog Box 3–51. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–17: Selecting a Pass/Fail Test for Deleting 3–53. . . . . . .

Figure 3–18: The AUTOSCAN Dialog Box Showing Signal

Structure 3–56. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–19: Viewing Tributary Signal Structure 3–57. . . . . . . .

Figure 3–20: The Meaning of the Icons in the Autoscan

Dialog Box 3–58. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–21: Front-Panel Status Lights (with Add/Drop/Test

Option Installed) 3–59. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–22: Sequence for Setting SONET Signal

Parameters 3–63. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–23: Sequence for Setting SONET Signal

Parameters When Mapping a T ributary Signal 3–64. . . . . . .

Figure 3–24: SONET Transmit Rates 3–65. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–25: CTS 710 in Through Mode 3–68. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–26: Mapping a Tributary Signal 3–73. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–27: Editing the User Word Byte 3–77. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–28: Editing the Z2 Transmit Overhead Byte 3–79. . . . .

Figure 3–29: Editing an Overhead Byte 3–80. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–30: Editing the J1 Path Trace Byte 3–84. . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–31: Adding Data into the DCC 3–86. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–32: Adding Data into the User Channel 3–87. . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–33: Sequence for Setting Tributary Signal

Parameters 3–89. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–34: Tributary Transmit Rates 3–91. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–35: Editing the User Word 3–97. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

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Figure 3–36: Sequence for Setting SONET Signal

Parameters 3–99. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–37: Sequence for Setting SONET Signal

Parameters When Demapping a T ributary Signal 3–100. . . . .

Figure 3–38: SONET Receive Rates 3–101. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–39: Setting Tributary Mapping 3–110. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–40: Displaying Received Optical Power 3–115. . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–41: J1 Path Trace Message Received by the

CTS 710 3–117. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–42: Dropping Data from the DCC 3–118. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–43: Dropping the User Channel Data Byte 3–119. . . . . .

Figure 3–44: Sequence for Setting Tributary Signal

Parameters 3–121. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–45: Sequence for Setting Signal Parameters to

Demultiplex a DS1 from a DS3 3–121. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–46: Tributary Signal Receive Rates 3–122. . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–47: Setting An Error Rate 3–135. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–48: Manual Pointer Control Choices 3–142. . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–49: Alternating Burst Pointer Movement 3–144. . . . . . .

Figure 3–50: Incrementing Pointer Location Once Every

T wo Milliseconds 3–149. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–51: Offsetting the Transmit Rate by +4.6 ppm 3–151. . .

Figure 3–52: The Three Periods of a Pointer Sequence 3–152. . . .

Figure 3–53: An Example of a Pointer Sequence 3–153. . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–54: Status Display While Pointer Sequences are

Running 3–160. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–55: The APS COMMANDS Page 3–162. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–56: The RECEIVE Column on the

APS COMMANDS Page 3–172. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–57: The Test Summary Page 3–174. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–58: Bar Graphs Showing Code Violations and

Errored Seconds 3–182. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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Figure 3–59: Line Graph Showing Pointer Value 3–184. . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–60: On/Off Graphs Showing Failures and Alarms 3–185

Figure 3–61: Elements of a History Graph 3–188. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–62: Changing the Displayed History Graph 3–191. . . . .

Figure 3–63: The SAVE RESULTS Page 3–193. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–64: The RECALL RESULTS Page 3–195. . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–65: The PRINT CONTROL Dialog Box 3–197. . . . . . . .

Figure 3–66: The MISC SETTINGS Page 3–201. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–67: The PRINTER SETUP Page 3–203. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–68: The REMOTE CONTROL Page 3–208. . . . . . . . . . .

Figure E–1: Front-Panel Status Lights E–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure G–1: CTS 710 Rear Panel Connectors G–1. . . . . . . . . . .

Figure G–2: The VGA V ideo Output Connector G–2. . . . . . . . .

Figure G–3: The RS-232 Port G–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure G–4: The Overhead Add/Drop Port G–5. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure H–1: Removing the Optical Bulkhead Connector H–2. .

Figure H–2: FC Optical Bulkhead Assembly H–3. . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure H–3: ST Optical Bulkhead Assembly H–3. . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure H–4: DIN 47256 Optical Bulkhead Assembly H–4. . . . . .

Figure H–5: SC Optical Bulkhead Assembly H–4. . . . . . . . . . . .

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List of Tables

Table 1–1: Fuse and Fuse Cap Part Numbers 1–8. . . . . . . . . . .

Table 1–2: Power Requirements 1–9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 2–1: Icons that Appear in the Display 2–8. . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 2–2: CTS 710 Disk File Types 2–24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 3–1: LTE Responses to Errors and Alarms 3–9. . . . . . . .

Table 3–2: T est Duration Limits 3–26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 3–3: Actions You Cannot Perform While a Test

is Running 3–29. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 3–4: Fail If Conditions of a Pass/Fail Test 3–39. . . . . . . . .

Table 3–5: Green Status Lights 3–59. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 3–6: Red and Yellow Status Lights 3–60. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 3–7: Choices for Bits 5, 6, and 7 of the V5 Byte 3–81. . . . .

Table 3–8: Overhead Bytes That Cannot Be Edited 3–81. . . . . .

Table 3–9: Bytes You Cannot Edit Due to Parameter

Settings 3–82. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 3–10: Tributary Rate Line Codes 3–94. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 3–11: Maximum Error Rates for SONET Signals 3–134. . . Table 3–12: Maximum Error Rates for Tributary Signals 3–134.

Table 3–13: Pointer Sequences Generated 3–153. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 3–14: Availability of Pointer Sequences 3–155. . . . . . . . . . .

Table 3–15: Status Lines for Pointer Sequences 3–160. . . . . . . . .

Table 3–16: Choices for Bits 1–4 of the K1 Byte When

Mode is Set to Ring 3–163. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 3–17: Choices for Bits 1–4 of the K1 Byte When

Mode is Set to Span 3–164. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 3–18: Choices for Bits 5–8 of the K1 Byte 3–166. . . . . . . . .

Table 3–19: Choices for Bits 1–4 of the K2 Byte 3–168. . . . . . . . .

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Table 3–20: Choices for Bit 5 of the K2 Byte When Mode

is Set to Span 3–169. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 3–21: Choices for Bit 5 of the K2 Byte When Mode

is Set to Ring 3–169. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 3–22: Choices for Bits 6–8 of the K2 Byte 3–170. . . . . . . . .

Table 3–23: Results Displayed on MAIN RESULTS Page 3–175. Table 3–24: T1M1 Section Analysis Results Displayed on

the ERROR ANALYSIS Page 3–178. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 3–25: T1M1 Line Analysis Results Displayed on the

ERROR ANALYSIS Page 3–178. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 3–26: T1M1 Path Analysis Results Displayed on the

ERROR ANALYSIS Page 3–179. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 3–27: T1M1 VT1.5 Analysis Results Displayed on the

ERROR ANALYSIS Page 3–179. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 3–28: T1M1 Payload Analysis Results Displayed on

ERROR ANALYSIS Page 3–180. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 3–29: DS1 Path Analysis Results Displayed on

ERROR ANALYSIS Page 3–181. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 3–30: DS3 Path Analysis Results Displayed on

ERROR ANALYSIS Page 3–181. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 3–31: Measurements Displayed as Bar Graphs 3–183. . . . .

Table 3–32: Measurements Displayed as a Line Graph 3–184. . . Table 3–33: Measurements Displayed as On/Off Graphs

for SONET Rates 3–185. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 3–34: Measurements Displayed as On/Off Graphs

for Tributary Rates 3–186. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 3–35: Time Represented by Bars on History Graph 3–188. Table 3–36: Lines of the Instrument Configuration Page 3–199. .

Table C–1: Default Factory Settings C–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table D–1: Standard CTS 710 Specifications D–1. . . . . . . . . . .

Table D–2: Option 22 DS1/DS3/VT1.5 Capabilities D–10. . . . . .

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

T able of Contents

Table D–3: Environmental Specifications D–17. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table D–4: Physical Characteristics D–18. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table D–5: Certifications and Compliances D–18. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table E–1: Required Equipment E–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table G–1: VGA Video Output Connector Pin Assignment G–2 Table G–2: RS-232 Rear Panel Connector Pin Assignment G–3

Table G–3: Overhead Channels Added G–5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table G–4: Overhead Channels Dropped G–6. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table G–5: Overhead Add/Drop Port Data Signal Pin

Assignments G–6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table G–6: Overhead Add/Drop Port Additional Pin

Assignments G–7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

xvi

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

General Safety Summary

Review the following safety precautions to avoid injury and prevent damage to this product or any products connected to it.

Only qualified personnel should perform service procedures.

T o avoid potential hazards, use this product only as specified.

Injury Precautions

Use Proper Power Cord

To avoid fire hazard, use only the power cord specified for this product.

Avoid Electric Overload

To avoid electric shock or fire hazard, do not apply a voltage to a terminal that is outside the range specified for that terminal.

Ground the Product

This product is grounded through the grounding conductor of the power cord. T o avoid electric shock, the grounding conductor must be connected to earth ground. Before making connections to the input or output terminals of the product, ensure that the product is properly grounded.

Do Not Operate Without Covers

To avoid electric shock or fire hazard, do not operate this product with covers or panels removed.

Use Proper Fuse

To avoid fire hazard, use only the fuse type and rating specified for this product.

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

xvii

General Safety Summary

Do Not Operate in Wet/Damp Conditions

To avoid electric shock, do not operate this product in wet or damp conditions.

Do Not Operate in Explosive Atmosphere

To avoid injury or fire hazard, do not operate this product in an explosive atmosphere.

Wear Eye Protection

To avoid eye injury, wear eye protection if there is a possibility of exposure to high-intensity rays.

Product Damage Precautions

Use Proper Power Source

Do not operate this product from a power source that applies more than the voltage specified.

xviii

Provide Proper Ventilation

T o prevent product overheating, provide proper ventilation.

Do Not Operate With Suspected Failures

If you suspect there is damage to this product, have it inspected by qualified service personnel.

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Safety Terms and Symbols

Terms in This Manual

These terms may appear in this manual:

WARNING. Warning statements identify conditions or practices that could result in injury or loss of life.

CAUTION. Caution statements identify conditions or practices that could result in damage to this product or other property.

Terms on the Product

These terms may appear on the product:

General Safety Summary

DANGER indicates an injury hazard immediately accessible as you read the marking.

WARNING indicates an injury hazard not immediately accessible as you read the marking.

CAUTION indicates a hazard to property including the product.

Symbols on the Product

The following symbols may appear on the product:

DANGER

High Voltage

Protective Ground

(Earth) T erminal

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

ATTENTION

Refer to

Manual

Double

Insulated

xix

General Safety Summary

Certifications and Compliances

CSA Certified Power Cords

CSA Certification includes the products and power cords appropriate for use in the North America power network. All other power cords supplied are approved for the country of use.

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Preface

This manual describes how to use the T ektronix CTS 710 SONET T est Set. This manual is your primary source of information about how the CTS 710 functions.

How This Manual is Organized

This manual is divided into four sections: Getting Started, Operating Basics, Reference, and Appendices.

H Getting Started provides an overview of the CTS 710 and

describes first time operation. H Operating Basics explains the basic principles of operating the

CTS 710. The Operating Basics section also includes a tutorial

which introduces you to most of the capabilities of the CTS 710

by having you run a BER test.

H Reference provides explanations of how to perform detailed tasks. H The Appendices provide a listing of specifications, default factory

settings, an incoming inspection test, and other useful informa-

tion.

Conventions

This manual uses the following conventions: H The names of front-panel controls and menus appear in all upper

case letters, for example, TRANSMIT and HELP. H Names appear in the same case in this manual as they appear on

the display of the CTS 710, for example, T est Duration and

USER DEFINED. H Within a procedure, a specific button to be pressed or a parameter

to be selected appears in boldface print. For example, press the

AUTOSCAN button or select Continuous.

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

xxi

Preface

The Tutorial and the Reference sections frequently present procedures in tables. Perform the procedure by reading from left to right in the table (see example below). The word none in a cell indicates that no action is required.

Press Menu Button

Begin here with Step 1

Some procedures require several iterations of highlighting parameters and selecting choices. Some procedures may require more than one menu button or menu page selection as well.

Related Manuals

The following documents are also available for the CTS 710 SONET T est Set:

H The CTS 710 SONET Test Set Reference (Tektronix part number

070-9336-XX) provides a quick overview of the menu structure, front-panel buttons, example alarm responses, and a glossary.

H The CTS 710 SONET Test Set Programmer Manual (Tektronix

part number 070-8924-XX) describes how to control the CTS 710 using an instrument controller.

Select Menu Page

Step 2 Step 3 Step 4

Highlight Parameter

Step 5 Step 6 Step 7 Step 8, CTS 710

Select Choice

instruction is complete

xxii

H The CTS 710 SONET Test Set & CTS 750 SDH Test Set Reference

(Tektronix part number 070-8854-XX) provides a quick overview of the instrument programming commands.

H The CTS 710 SONET Test Set & CTS 750 SDH Test Set Service

Manual (Tektronix part number 070-8853-XX) provides

information on maintaining and servicing your instrument to the module level.

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Preface

Using the CTS 710 Reference

The Reference presents an overview of the CTS 710 menu structure, front-panel buttons, examples of alarm responses, and a glossary. To store the Reference for easy viewing, fold the card to display the desired page and slide the card behind the window located on the inside of the top flap of the pouch (see Figure i).

Figure i: Placing the Reference for Easy Viewing

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

xxiii

Preface

Contacting Tektronix

Product Support

Service Support

For other information

To write us T ektronix, Inc.

For application-oriented questions about a T ektronix measurement product, call toll free in North America: 1-800-TEK-WIDE (1-800-835-9433 ext. 2400) 6:00 a.m. – 5:00 p.m. Pacific time

Or contact us by e-mail: tm_app_supp@tek.com

For product support outside of North America, contact your local T ektronix distributor or sales office.

Contact your local T ektronix distributor or sales office. Or visit our web site for a listing of worldwide service locations.

http://www .tek.com In North America:

1-800-TEK-WIDE (1-800-835-9433) An operator will direct your call.

P.O. Box 1000 Wilsonville, OR 97070-1000

xxiv

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Getting Started Getting Started

Getting Started

This section provides a description of the CTS 710, a list of standard and optional accessories, and explains how to operate the CTS 710 for the first time.

Product Description

The Tektronix CTS 710 SONET Test Set is a rugged, portable test set designed for installing and maintaining telecommunications networks. The CTS 710 is a SONET analyzer that combines bit error rate test capabilities with overhead testing, payload mapping, and demapping in one unit. The CTS 710 features the following capabilities:

H STS-1, STS-3, OC-1, OC-3, OC-12, DS1, and DS3 transmit and

receive

H Optical interface available at 1310 nm and 1550 nm H Bit Error Rate testing H BIP error monitoring and analysis H Payload mapping and demapping H Tributary Add/Drop/Test H Pointer generation, including sequences, and analysis H Alarm generation and analysis H DS1/DS3 error monitoring and analysis H DS1 Demultiplex from direct-input DS3 or a DS3 embedded in a

SONET rate signal H Performance monitoring

APS testing

H H DCC and user channel access H Programmable via IEEE 488.2 and RS-232

CTS 710 SONET Test Set User Manual

1–1

Getting Started

The CTS 710 meets the needs of the craftsperson and the network engineer. The CTS 710 meets the requirements of those working in network installation and maintenance by providing the capability to perform:

H Network integrity testing H In-service performance monitoring H Stimulus and response testing H Stress testing H Overhead testing

Accessories

Some accessories are included with the CTS 710 SONET T est Set. If you wish to purchase optional accessories or additional standard accessories, see a T ektronix products catalog or contact your local T ektronix field representative.

1–2

Standard Accessories

H CTS 710 SONET Test Set User Manual, Tektronix part number

070-8852-XX

H CTS 710 SONET Test Set Reference, Tektronix part number

070-9336-XX

H Instrument Front Cover, Tektronix part number 200-3232-XX H 75 W loopback cable, Tektronix part number 012-1338-XX H Pouch, Tektronix part number 016-1266-XX

Optional Accessories

H CTS 710 SONET Test Set Programmer Manual (Tektronix part

number 070-8924-XX)

H CTS 710 SONET Test Set & CTS 750 SDH Test Set Reference,

Programming commands (T ektronix part number 070-8854-XX)

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

H CTS 710 SONET Test Set & CTS 750 SDH Test Set Service

Manual (Tektronix part number 070-8853-XX)

H Hard Transit Case, Tektronix part number 016-1157-XX H Soft Carrying Bag, Tektronix part number 016-1 158-XX H K212 Portable Instrument Cart H Optical Connector Kit, Tektronix part number 020-1885-XX

First Time Operation

This section describes how to set up the CTS 710 for the first time.

Installing the Accessory Pouch

The CTS 710 ships with an accessory pouch that mounts on top of the instrument. The pouch is not installed at the factory. To install the accessory pouch:

1. Place the CTS 710 on a table or work bench with the front facing

toward you.

Getting Started

2. Center the pouch plate and insert the rear edge of the plate in the

space between the cabinet top and the rear panel trim (see part A

of Figure 1–1).

3. Move the pouch sideways as necessary to line up the key slots in

the pouch plate with the keys on the rear panel (the plate is

centered when it is aligned) and push the plate all the way in (see

part B of Figure 1–1).

4. While keeping the pouch plate pushed under the rear panel trim,

reach under the pouch plate and carefully remove the backing

from the Velcro strip to expose the adhesive on the Velcro strip.

The Velcro should remain attached to the pouch plate.

5. Grasp the pouch plate assembly with both hands near the front of

the assembly.

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

1–3

Getting Started

Rear Panel Trim Gap

Pouch

Plate

Rear

Panel

Trim

Key Slots Under Rear Panel Trim

Pouch Plate

A. Push the pouch plate into the rear panel trim gap.

Velcro Strip

(Top View)

1–4

B. Center the pouch plate to align with key slot under the rear panel trim.

Figure 1–1: Installing the Accessory Pouch

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Getting Started

CAUTION. In the next step, use only enough force to clear the front panel trim with the plate front edge. Excessive force will cause a permanent bow in the plate.

6. Push back on the pouch plate and press down with the heels of

your hands to bow the plate enough to slide the front of the plate

into the space between the cabinet top and the front panel trim

(see Figure 1–2).

7. Move the front of the pouch as needed to line up the slots in the

plate with the keys on the front panel.

8. Release the pressure on the plate to allow it to return to its normal

flat shape.

9. Press down firmly to secure the Velcro strip to the top of the

cabinet top.

Velcro Strip

Figure 1–2: Inserting the Pouch Under the Front Panel Trim

CAUTION. Do not use the D-ring (see Figure 1–3) on the pouch plate to lift the CTS 710. Using the D-ring to lift the CTS 710 can pull the accessory pouch off the CTS 710, resulting in damage to the CTS 710.

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

1–5

Getting Started

DO NOT LIFT

Instrument

With D-Ring

1–6

Figure 1–3: Location of the D-Ring on the Accessory Pouch

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Getting Started

Setting Up the CTS 710

Before you use the CTS 710, ensure that it is properly set up and powered on.

To properly set up the CTS 710, do the following:

1. Be sure that the environment in which you will operate the

CTS 710 is within instrument specifications. Specifications for

temperature, relative humidity, altitude, vibrations, and emissions

are included in Appendix D.

2. Leave space around the CTS 710 for cooling. Verify that the air

intake and exhaust holes on the sides of the cabinet (where the

fan operates) are free of any airflow obstructions. Leave at least

5 cm (2 in) free on each side.

WARNING. To avoid electrical shock, be sure that the power cord is disconnected before checking the fuse.

3. Check the fuse to be sure it is the proper type and rating (see

Figure 1–4). The CTS 710 works with one of two fuses,

depending on the AC supply. Each fuse requires its own cap (see

T able 1–1). The CTS 710 is shipped with the UL-approved fuse

installed.

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

1–7

Getting Started

Power

Connector

Ground

Fuse

Figure 1–4: Rear-Panel Controls and Connectors Used in Setup

Table 1–1: Fuse and Fuse Cap Part Numbers

Fuse

0.25 in 1.25 in (UL 198.6, 3AG): 5 A FAST, 250 V

5 mm 20 mm (IEC 127): 4 A, 250 V

Fuse Tektronix Part Number

159-0014-XX 200-2264-XX

159-0255-XX 200-2265-XX

Fuse Cap Tektronix

Part Number

Principal

Power Switch

1–8

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Getting Started

4. Check that you have the proper electrical connections. The

CTS 710 power requirements are listed in T able 1–2.

Table 1–2: Power Requirements

Voltage Range Frequency Range Maximum Power

90–132 V 48–62 Hz 250 W 180–250 V 48–62 Hz 250 W

5. Connect the proper power cord from the rear-panel power

connector (see Figure 1–4) to the power system.

Turning On the CTS 710

To properly turn on the CTS 710:

1. Check that the rear-panel principal power switch is on. The

principal power switch controls all AC power to the instrument.

2. If the CTS 710 is not turned on (the screen is blank), press the

front-panel ON/STBY (On/Standby) button to turn it on (see

Figure 1–5).

The ON/STBY button controls power to most instrument circuits.

Power continues to go to certain parts even when this switch is

set to STBY.

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

1–9

Getting Started

ON/STBY

Button

Figure 1–5: ON/STBY Button

1–10

The CTS 710 performs an internal self test each time it is turned on. When turned on, it displays a screen that states whether or not it passed the self test. (If the self test passes, the status display screen is removed after a few seconds.)

3. Check the self-test results. If the self test fails, contact your local T ektronix Service Center for

assistance.

Turning Off the CTS 710

Press the ON/STBY button to turn off the CTS 710. Once the CTS 710 is in use, it is typical to leave the principal power

switch on and use the ON/STBY button as the power switch. If the CTS 710 is frequently moved, use the principal power switch to turn the CTS 710 on and off.

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Operating Basics Operating Basics

Functional Overview

This section describes how to use and navigate through the basic functions of the CTS 710, including:

H Controls, indicators, and connectors H Elements of the display H Menu structure H On-line help H Connecting signals H Parameter selection and editing H Disk drive operation

CTS 710 SONET Test Set User Manual

2–1

Functional Overview

Front-Panel Controls, Indicators, and Connectors

Figures 2–1 and 2–2 identify the controls, indicators, and connectors located on the front panel of the CTS 710 SONET T est Set.

These buttons assign the displayed choice to the

selected parameter or execute the selected action.

ON/STBY Switch

(the principal

power switch is on

the rear panel)

These buttons select the

pages of the current menu.

Figure 2–1: Controls Located Around the Display

2–2

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

The knob is

primarily used

to highlight

parameters

within pages.

These buttons

select one of

the five menus.

LASER IN

USE Indicator

Disk Drive

Functional Overview

Each of these buttons

perform a specific function.

DS1 Connectors (optional)

Status Lights

DS3 Connectors (optional)

Clear History Button

Optical

Connector

Electrical

Connectors

Optical

Connector

Figure 2–2: Front-Panel Controls, Indicators, and Connectors

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

2–3

Functional Overview

Rear-Panel Controls and Connectors

Calibration

Signal

Output

Video

Output

Overhead Add/Drop

Port

GPIB

Port

1.544 Mb/s BITS

Timing

Reference

Input

RS-232

Port

(Connector

External Clock

Input (Optional)

Not Used)

Figure 2–3: Rear-Panel Controls and Connectors

Fuse

Ground

Power

Connector

Principal

Power Switch

Front-Panel Status Lights

The status lights make it easy to quickly determine the condition of the received signal. There are three types of front-panel status lights.

H Green status lights. Green lights indicate whether a signal is

present and whether the CTS 710 has locked onto the signal.

H Red status lights. When a red status light is on, it means that the

indicated event is occurring. When the red light is off, no event is occurring.

2–4

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Functional Overview

H Y ellow history lights. Once an event has been detected, a yellow

history light is turned on. The yellow history light shows that the associated event occurred at some time in the past. Yellow history lights remain on until you reset the event history by pressing the CLEAR HISTORY button, starting a new test, or changing the Receive Rate.

Yellow history lights

indicate an event has

occurred.

Red lights indicate an

event is occurring

now.

Green lights

indicate the

condition is true.

CLEAR HISTORY

button clears

history of events.

Figure 2–4: Status Lights (With Option 22 Installed)

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

2–5

Functional Overview

Reading the Display

There are several major areas that make up the CTS 710 display (see Figure 2–5).

This area displays the contents of the different

pages of each menu. Some pages display control

parameters; some pages display test results.

The menu name appears here; the menu name is always visible.

Status message

area. This area

is always visible.

Icons

Signal Status

Indicators

Pages of

the Menu

Pressing one of these buttons selects the

page identified above the button.

Figure 2–5: Major Areas of the Display

2–6

Usually these items are the values that can be assigned to the selected parameter.

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Functional Overview

Figure 2–6 provides a guide to specific areas of the display.

Parameters

or options controlled

from this

page

Selected

page is

highlighted

Pages are

identified by

page tabs.

Name

Test State

Indicator

Highlighted parameters can be changed; dimmed parameters

cannot be changed under the

current setup.

Test Progress Indicator

Highlighted

Parameter

Pages of the

Received

Signal Status

Indicator

Choices or actions

available for the

selected parameter

Transmitted Signal Status Indicator

“–more–” means

additional

choices are

available.

Figure 2–6: Specific Elements of the Display

T able 2–1 provides a list of icons that appear on the display. Icons are used to identify information, indicate instrument status, and clarify available actions.

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

2–7

Functional Overview

Table 2–1: Icons that Appear in the Display

Icon

Meaning

Transmitted signal

Received signal

CTS 710 is in through mode

CTS 710 is in coupled mode

Use the knob

Not allowed

File stored on disk

2–8

File stored in memory

Message or warning identifier

Press the button to perform the indicated action

The CTS 710 is busy

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

The Basic Menu Structure

The CTS 710 is controlled primarily through its menu system. Though several controls are located on the front panel, such as INSERT ERROR, most functions are controlled from one of the five menus. Figure 2–7 shows the five menus.

Functional Overview

Figure 2–7: The Five Menus

What is a Menu?

A menu groups related functions together. For example, all settings that affect the signal transmitted by the CTS 710 are located in the TRANSMIT menu. Each menu is made up of pages. A page is

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

2–9

Functional Overview

identified by a page tab located at the bottom of the display (see Figure 2–8).

TEST

CONTROL

TRANSMIT SETTINGS

RECEIVE

SETTINGS

TEST

SUMMARY

RECALL

INSTRUMENT

SETUPS

ERRORS

& ALARMS

SIGNAL STATUS

MAIN

RESULTS

RECALL

PASS/FAIL

TESTS

POINTERS

& TIMING

TRANSPORT

OVERHEAD

ERROR

ANALYSIS

SAVE

INSTRUMENT

SETUPS

APS

COMMANDS

PATH

OVERHEAD

HISTORY GRAPHS

SAVE

PASS/FAIL

TESTS

TRANSPORT

OVERHEAD

SAVE

RESULTS

PATH

OVERHEAD

RECALL

RESULTS

MISC

SETTINGS

PRINTER

SETUP

CONTROL

Figure 2–8: Menus and Pages

The CTS 710 always displays a menu. The name of the current menu is shown near the top of the display. To change to another menu, press a menu button on the front panel.

2–10

REMOTE

INSTR

CONFIG

SELF TEST

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Functional Overview

NOTE. The only times pressing a menu button does not change menus are when a dialog box is displayed or when you are entering a value for a parameter. Y ou must first exit the dialog box or finish entering the value before you can change menus.

A page usually provides control over a related group of instrument functions or parameters. For example, the TRANSMIT SETTINGS page in the TRANSMIT menu controls the rate, format, and active channels of the signal transmitted by the CTS 710. However, some pages display information rather than provide control over settings; for example, the pages of the RESULTS menu display various test results.

Selecting Menus

To display a menu, press the button on the front panel with the same name (see Figure 2–9).

Figure 2–9: Menu Select Buttons

Selecting Pages

T o select a page within a menu, press the button beneath the page tab located at the bottom of the display (see Figure 2–10).

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

2–11

Functional Overview

Page Tab

Display the page by

pressing the button

below the page tab.

Figure 2–10: How to Display a Page

Displaying Help

T o display help, press the HELP front-panel button. When the HELP dialog box appears, use the knob to select the topic

you wish to view (see Figure 2–11). After you select the topic to view , select View Help to see the help screen.

2–12

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Functional Overview

Figure 2–11: Help Dialog Box

Once you press V iew Help, the help screen for that topic is displayed. If a help topic covers more than one page, you can display the next page by selecting Page Down. To display the previous page, select Page Up.

To display help in a different language, select Change Language. Then, to display help in French, select Francais. T o display help in German, select Deutsch.

When you finish reading the help text, you can exit the help dialog box by selecting EXIT. If you wish to read additional help topics, select Help Menu to return to the main help screen.

Connecting Signals

T o connect signals to the CTS 710, use the electrical and optical connectors located at the bottom and right side of the front panel.

For optical connections, the CTS 710 accepts both single mode and multimode fiber. For electrical connections, the CTS 710 accepts 75 W coaxial cable with BNC connectors for SONET rates and DS3 signals. The CTS 710 accepts bantam connectors for DS1 signals.

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

2–13

Functional Overview

Connecting Optical Signals

NOTE. The optical TRANSMIT output is produced by a Class 1 laser device. The output from a Class 1 laser is safe to view without special eye protection. However, because other optical signals in your environment may exceed the Class 1 limits, we recommend eye protection as a precaution.

T o connect optical signals to the CTS 710:

1. Unscrew the dustcap that covers the optical port on the CTS 710.

2. Remove the dustcap (if present) covering the connector on the

optical fiber.

3. Carefully insert the transmit end of the optical fiber into the RECEIVE port on the CTS 710. Line up the key on the optical

fiber connector with the cutout on the optical port connector. Make sure that the optical fiber connector is fully inserted into the optical port.

2–14

4. Tighten the optical fiber connector so it does not accidentally come loose during use.

5. Carefully insert the receive end of the optical fiber into the TRANSMIT port on the CTS 710. Make sure that the optical

fiber connector is fully inserted into the optical port.

6. Tighten the optical fiber connector so it does not accidentally come loose during use. Tighten the connectors only finger tight; do not use a tool to tighten the connectors.

CAUTION. To prevent damage to the optical port connectors and to keep them clean, always replace the dustcaps on the optical port connectors when not using the optical ports.

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Connecting SONET Electrical Signals

T o connect SONET electrical signals to the CTS 710:

1. Connect the transmit end of the signal cable to the RECEIVE

connector on the CTS 710.

2. Connect the receive end of the signal cable to the TRANSMIT

connector on the CTS 710.

Connecting DS1/DS3 Electrical Signals

T o connect DS1/DS3 electrical signals to the CTS 710:

1. Connect the transmit end of the signal cable to the IN connector

for the appropriate rate on the CTS 710.

2. Connect the receive end of the signal cable to the OUT connector

for the appropriate rate on the CTS 710.

Initiating Autoscan

Functional Overview

Autoscan is a feature that automatically scans the received signal and changes the CTS 710 receive settings to match the received signal. Autoscan is the quickest way to set up the CTS 710 to view a signal.

T o initiate autoscan, press the AUTOSCAN front-panel button. For detailed information on the AUTOSCAN function, see Checking Signal Status on page 3–55.

Changing Parameters

Most of the menu pages in the CTS 710 contain parameters (or settings) that you can change. The choices available for a parameter appear in four ways (examples in parentheses):

H As a list (Test Pattern: PRBS 2^23–1, PRBS 2^20–1, ...) H As a decimal number (Frequency Offset: 74.3 ppm) H As a binary number (Z1 Byte: 10101111) H As a text string (File Name: TEST_34)

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2–15

Functional Overview

Selecting Parameters

T o change a parameter, use the knob to highlight it. As you turn the knob, the display highlight moves from parameter to parameter (see Figure 2–12).

This is the selected parameter. It is identified by the location of the highlight.

Turning the knob moves the highlight to another parameter.

2–16

Figure 2–12: Selecting a Parameter

The parameter values displayed in high-intensity text indicate parameters that you can change. If a parameter is displayed in dimmed text, it cannot be selected under the current setup.

Selecting from Lists

Most parameters have a set group of choices available. The choices are presented as a list, located along the right side of the display. Press the button next to the choice to assign that choice to the highlighted parameter.

Sometimes parameters have more than five choices available. When more than five choices are available, the bottom choice changes to –more–. Selecting –more– displays additional choices. Each time

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Functional Overview

you press –more– the next list of choices is displayed. Below –more– is a line that shows which list of choices is displayed. When the last list of choices is displayed, pressing –more– displays the first list of choices again (see Figure 2–13).

Pressing a button assigns

List of

Choices

the choice next to the button to the highlighted parameter.

Figure 2–13: Selecting Choices From a List

Changing Decimal Numbers

Some parameters allow you to set a numeric value for them. For these parameters, preset choices are always provided to save you time. However, if the preset choices are not appropriate for your needs, you can set specific values by selecting the USER DEFINED choice (see Figure 2–14).

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Selecting –more– displays additional choices.

2–17

Functional Overview

Figure 2–14: Selecting USER DEFINED

After you select USER DEFINED, the buttons at the right side of the display are reassigned, as shown in Figure 2–15.

Selecting USER DEFINED allows you to enter a numeric value.

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CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Functional Overview

Turning the knob

changes this value.

Figure 2–15: Entering a Numeric Value

After you press USER DEFINED, the CTS 710 enters edit mode. In edit mode, you change the value of the highlighted parameter by turning the knob. When you have set the parameter to the desired value, select DONE to enter the value and exit edit mode.

Selecting this choice allows the knob

to make large changes quickly.

Selecting this choice allows the knob to make small changes.

Y ou must select DONE to exit the edit mode.

NOTE. The new value does not take effect until DONE is selected.

When in edit mode, the knob can work in several ways. As shown in Figure 2–15, the knob can be assigned to make either coarse or fine adjustments to the highlighted parameter. For other parameters, the knob is assigned to change different elements of the selected parameter. For example, when setting a test time, rather than making coarse or fine adjustments, the knob is assigned to change days, hours, minutes, or seconds.

The knob icon is displayed in solid form to indicate which function it is currently assigned to. The knob icon is displayed in outline form next to other possible choices.

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Functional Overview

Changing Binary Numbers

There are two kinds of binary numbers that can be changed in the CTS 710: payload patterns and overhead bytes. As with other numerical values, you can select preset values or enter specific values by selecting Edit Byte.

T o change a byte:

1. Select the byte with the knob (see Figure 2–16).

2. Change the byte by selecting one of the preset choices at the right side of the display or to enter a different bit pattern, select EDIT BYTE. This places the CTS 710 into edit mode.

The highlighted byte can be quickly set to these choices by pressing the button next to the desired choice.

Select the byte to edit

by using the knob.

Figure 2–16: Selecting a Byte for Editing

When in edit mode, the choices along the right side of the display change (see Figure 2–17). The highlight now applies to a single bit.

2–20

Select EDIT BYTE to change

the bits within the byte.

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Functional Overview

3. To change the value of the highlighted bit, select either 1 or 0.

Each time you select 1 or 0, the highlighted bit is changed and the highlight moves to the next bit.

4. To select a different bit for editing, select either the right or left

arrow to move the highlight. When the desired bit is highlighted, select either 1 or 0.

5. When you are finished editing the byte, select DONE. This enters

the changes to the byte and exits edit mode.

Change the value of the bit by selecting one of these choices.

Change the highlighted bit by selecting one of these choices.

Select the bit to edit by

using the knob.

Select DONE when you are

Figure 2–17: Editing a Byte

Entering Text

Several parameters, such as file names, operator prompts, and path trace messages, consist of text strings. You can set text strings to preset choices or enter your own text string. When you highlight a text parameter using the knob, the choices at the right side of the display change to present predefined text strings (if appropriate) and the option to edit the text string (see Figure 2–18).

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

finished editing.

2–21

Functional Overview

Select the text string to edit by

using the knob.

Figure 2–18: Selecting a T ext String for Editing

Select EDIT TEXT to edit the specified text string.

2–22

To edit a text string:

1. Select the text string by turning the knob until the desired text string is highlighted (see Figure 2–18).

2. Select EDIT TEXT . This places the CTS 710 into edit mode. When in edit mode, the choices along the right side of the display

change (see Figure 2–19). In edit mode, the status line at the top of the display is replaced with a line that displays the characters available for placing into the text string. (Some characters available for message text are not available for file names.)

3. T o change the highlighted character or enter a new one, select the character to enter by turning the knob.

4. T o enter the selected character, select Enter <character>. T o delete a character already entered, use the arrows to highlight

the character. Select Delete to delete the character.

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Functional Overview

5. When you are finished editing the text string, select DONE.

The characters available depend on

the text string being edited. The

characters used for file names are a

subset of the characters available for

message text.

The highlighted character is the

character that will be changed

when Enter ! is selected

Turning the knob selects the

character to be entered.

Select this choice to enter

the selected character.

Select this choice to delete the selected character.

Select either of these choices to move the highlight within the text string.

Select DONE when you are finished editing text.

Figure 2–19: Editing a T ext String

Working with the Disk Drive

Use the disk drive in the CTS 710 to save instrument setups, pass/fail tests, measurement results and measurement histories. The CTS 710 reads disks formatted in MS-DOS format. It reads only 1.44 MB disks. The CTS 710 does not format disks. Files written to disk consist of four types, as shown in T able 2–2.

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Functional Overview

Table 2–2: CTS 710 Disk File Types

File Type

Instrument Setups Complete description of instru-

Pass/Fail Tests Complete description of instru-

Measurement Results1An ASCII file listing the results

Measurement History1Binary file containing the

The CTS 710 creates two files (with extensions .RES and .HIS)

Description File Extension

.SET

ment settings

.TST ment settings, operator prompts, and Fail If conditions

.RES of a test

.HIS history of test results

when you save test results.

The CTS 710 displays only file names with the extensions shown in T able 2–2. Disk files with any other extensions do not appear in file name displays.

Reading Files on Disk

You can display disk file names in three places: the RECALL INSTRUMENT SETUPS page and the RECALL PASS/FAIL TESTS page of the TEST SETUPS menu, and the RECALL RESULTS page of the RESULTS menu.

2–24

T o view instrument setups files on a disk:

1. Insert the disk into the disk drive.

2. Press the TEST SETUPS front-panel button to display the TEST

SETUPS menu.

3. Select the RECALL INSTRUMENT SETUPS page.

4. Select Disk to display the instrument setups on disk.

T o view pass/fail files on a disk:

1. Insert the disk into the disk drive.

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Functional Overview

2. Press the TEST SETUPS front-panel button to display the TEST

SETUPS menu.

3. Select the RECALL P ASS/FAIL TESTS page.

4. Select Disk to display the pass/fail tests on disk.

T o view test results files on a disk:

1. Insert the disk into the disk drive.

2. Press the RESULTS front-panel button to display the RESULTS

menu.

3. Select the RECALL RESUL TS page.

4. Select Disk to display the test results files on disk.

NOTE. Disk operations may take several seconds if there are many files on the disk. The light on the front of the disk drive turns off when the disk operation is complete.

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Functional Overview

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CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Tutorial

The tutorial acquaints you with the features of the CTS 710 by having you run a test while you explore specific features of the CTS 710. For full details on how to use the CTS 710, refer to Reference.

The tutorial presents procedures in tables. Perform the procedure by reading from left to right in the table (see example below). The word none in a cell indicates that no action is required.

Press Menu Button

Begin here with Step 1

Some procedures require several iterations of highlighting parameters and selecting choices. Some procedures may require more than one menu button or menu page selection as well.

Select Menu Page

Step 2 Step 3 Step 4

Before Turning On the CTS 710

This tutorial describes how to perform a bit-error rate (BER) test on an STS-1 signal. T o perform the tutorial, you need a 75 W coaxial cable with BNC connectors on each end. This tutorial assumes you have set up the CTS 710 as described in First Time Operation, on page 1–3.

To set up your CTS 710 for the tutorial, perform these steps: H Check that the CTS 710 is turned off. If it is on, you can put it in

standby mode by pressing the ON/STBY button.

Highlight Parameter

Step 5 Step 6 Step 7 Step 8, CTS 710

Select Choice

instruction is complete

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Tutorial

Connect the coaxial cable between the TRANSMIT and RECEIVE BNC connectors on the front panel (see Figure 2–20).

CTS 710 SONET Test Set

75 W Coaxial Cable

Figure 2–20: Setup for the T utorial

Press the ON/STBY button to turn on the CTS 710. The CTS 710 performs its power-on self test and then displays the

TRANSMIT menu. Before proceeding with the tutorial, initialize the CTS 710 as

follows:

Press Menu Button

TEST SETUPS RECALL

Select Menu Page

INSTRUMENT SETUPS

Setting Transmit Parameters

Before beginning the BER test, set the transmit and receive parameters.

2–28

Highlight Parameter

DEFAULT FACTORY SETTINGS

Select Choice

Recall Setup

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

T o set the transmit and receive parameters:

Tutorial

Press Menu Button

TRANSMIT TRANSMIT

Select Menu Page

SETTINGS

Highlight Parameter

Transmit Rate (see Figure 2–21)

Select Choice

STS-3

Figure 2–21: The TRANSMIT SETTINGS Page of the TRANSMIT Menu

Note that as soon as you changed the transmit rate that the red ERROR light on the front panel came on and the red LOS, LOF, and LOP status lights came on (also, NO SIG appeared next to the incoming-signal icon at the top of the display). The lights turned on because you can set the transmit and receive settings independently and right now the receive section is still set to STS-1. You will change the receive rate later in this tutorial.

An STS-3 signal is made up of three STS-1 signals. The CTS 710 can test only one signal at a time; therefore, you must specify which of the three signals that make up the STS-3 signal you wish to test. This tutorial has you test the second signal. The signal to be tested is identified on the STS Under T est line.

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Tutorial

To specify which signal, or STS, to test:

Press Menu Button

T o set the mapping and the test pattern:

Press Menu Button

Select Menu Page

Setting Receive Parameters

You can set receive parameters two ways. The first way is to set the parameters individually: display the RECEIVE menu and set each parameter manually on the RECEIVE SETTINGS page. The second way is to couple the receive settings to the transmit settings. T o do this, use the Tx/Rx Settings line on the TRANSMIT SETTINGS page. (The Tx/Rx Settings line appears on both the TRANSMIT SETTINGS page and the RECEIVE SETTINGS page. T o couple transmit settings to the receive settings, you would use the Tx/Rx Settings line on the RECEIVE SETTINGS page.)

Highlight Parameter

STS Under Test 2

Highlight Parameter

Mapping No Mapping

Test Pattern PRBS 2^20–1

Select Choice

(Equipped)

2–30

T o couple the receive settings to the transmit settings:

Press Menu Button

TRANSMIT TRANSMIT

As soon as you select Coupled, the red error light turns off and the icon in the status area changes to indicate the Tx/Rx Settings are

Select Menu Page

SETTINGS

Highlight Parameter

Tx/Rx Settings Coupled

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Select Choice

coupled. However, note that the yellow history light remains on as an indication that an error has occurred.

Press CLEAR HISTORY to clear the error history light. When the Tx/Rx Settings parameter is set to Coupled, all parameter

settings on the RECEIVE SETTINGS page transfer to the TRANSMIT SETTINGS page. Thereafter, any change to either page affects both pages as long as Tx/Rx Settings is set to Coupled.

Setting the Test Time

Before beginning the BER test, you must specify the duration of the test.

To set the duration of the test:

Tutorial

Press Menu Button

TEST SETUPS (see Figure 2–22)

Figure 2–22: The TEST CONTROL Page of the UTILITY Menu

Select Menu Page

TEST CONTROL

Highlight Parameter

Test Duration 15 min

Select Choice

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Tutorial

Where Test Results Are Displayed

Once you have set the transmit and receive parameters and the test time, you can begin the test. However, before starting the test, look at the RESULTS menu where the results of the test appear.

T o display the RESULTS menu:

Press Menu Button

RESULTS none none none

The TEST SUMMARY page contains a summary of the current or most recent test (see Figure 2–23). Just below the menu name is information about the current or most recent test. If the test detected no alarms or errors, the CTS 710 displays the message No Alarms No Errors.

Select Menu Page

Highlight Parameter

Select Choice

2–32

Figure 2–23: The TEST SUMMARY Page of the RESULTS Menu

CTS 710 SONET Test Set User Manual

Tutorial

The RESULTS menu contains four pages on which results are displayed: TEST SUMMARY, MAIN RESULTS, ERROR ANALYSIS, and HISTORY GRAPHS. Select MAIN RESULTS to see one way test results are displayed (see Figure 2–24).

Figure 2–24: The MAIN RESUL TS Page of the RESULTS Menu

The MAIN RESULTS page contains a listing of the different errors that can occur. Since you have not started your test yet, the values are those of the last test run. T o continue with the test setup, select TEST SUMMARY.

Begin the Test

Note at the top of the display the message Measurements Stopped. When you start the test, this message will change. T o start the test, press the front-panel START/STOP button.

Once a test starts, the display changes in two ways. First, the message Running appears at the top of the display (see Figure 2–25). This message line is always visible so you know that a test is running, even if a page is displayed that doesn’t contain any information about tests. Second, the test status indicator appears.

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Tutorial

There are two elements to the test status indicator. The text above the bar graph indicates how long the test has been running. The text lists the days, hours, minutes, and seconds the test has been running. The bar graph indicates what percentage of the test is complete (except when the test duration is set to continuous).

Figure 2–25: The Message Line and T est Status Indicator

Inserting Errors

Now that the test is running, you will insert some errors and see how the CTS 710 responds. T o set the error insertion parameters, first display the ERRORS & ALARMS page as follows:

Press Menu Button

TRANSMIT ERRORS &

2–34

Select Menu Page

ALARMS (see Figure 2–26)

CTS 710 SONET Test Set User Manual

Highlight Parameter

none none

Select Choice

Tutorial

Figure 2–26: The ERRORS & ALARMS Page of the TRANSMIT Menu

There are two ways to insert errors into the transmitted signal. You can insert errors one at a time or you can set a rate at which the CTS 710 inserts errors automatically. Before inserting errors, you must specify the type of error to be inserted. You specify the type of error to be inserted with the Error type set to parameter.

To set the type of error to insert:

Press Menu Button

Select Menu Page

The rate at which errors are inserted is specified on the Error rate set to line. An error rate of None specifies that no errors are inserted unless the INSERT ERROR button is pressed. Any error rate other

CTS 710 SONET Test Set User Manual

Highlight Parameter

Error type set to Path B3 BIP

Select Choice

2–35

Tutorial

than None results in a continuous stream of errors being inserted into the transmitted signal.

To insert a single error, press INSERT ERROR. When you press the INSERT ERROR button the red ERROR light

flashes. T o insert a continuous stream of errors:

Press Menu Button

Note that the red ERROR light now stays on all the time; errors are being detected continually.

T o turn off the automatic error insertion:

Press Menu Button

TRANSMIT ERRORS &

Now that errors are no longer being transmitted, the red ERROR light has gone out, although the yellow history light is still on. T o clear the error history, press CLEAR HIST ORY.

Adjusting Pointers

The CTS 710 enables you to adjust or move pointers. Note that pointer movements are not necessarily errors. Pointer parameters are set on the POINTERS & TIMING page of the TRANSMIT menu.

Select Menu Page

ALARMS

Highlight Parameter

Error rate set to 1.0E-5

Highlight Parameter

Error Rate set to None

Select Choice

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CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

T o display the POINTERS & TIMING page:

Tutorial

Press Menu Button

TRANSMIT POINTERS &

Select Menu Page

TIMING (see Figure 2–27)

Highlight Parameter

none none

Select Choice

Figure 2–27: The POINTERS & TIMING Page of the TRANSMIT Menu

Before adjusting a pointer, you must decide what mode of pointer movement to use. You can change a pointer by adjusting the pointer directly or by using frequency offset. The default mode is Pointer Movements, which allows you to adjust pointers directly.

T o specify how the pointer will be adjusted:

Press Menu Button

Select Menu Page

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Highlight Parameter

Pointer Control Single

Select Choice

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Tutorial

After selecting Single for pointer control, a message displays that tells you how to adjust the pointer. Pointer movement alternates between increment and decrement.

T o adjust a pointer, press the front-panel POINTER ACTION button.

Each time you press POINTER ACTION, a pointer adjusts and the POINTER ACTION light turns on. Also, a message appears at the top of the display that describes the type of pointer movement that occurs. On this page you can also adjust frequency offset which may cause a network element to generate pointer movements.

T o see the pointer value changing:

Press Menu Button

RESULTS MAIN RESULTS none Pointers

Select Menu Page

Highlight Parameter

Select Choice

Now press POINTER ACTION again. T o adjust a pointer using frequency offset:

Press Menu Button

TRANSMIT POINTERS &

Select Menu Page

TIMING

Highlight Parameter

Pointer / Timing Mode

Select Choice

Frequency Offset

After selecting Frequency Offset, note that the available parameters change. When in Frequency Offset mode, the only parameters that can be set are Offset Mode and Frequency Offset.

T o change the frequency offset of the signal:

Press Menu Button

Select Menu Page

Highlight Parameter

Frequency Offset Stress +4.6ppm

Select Choice

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CTS 710 SONET Test Set User Manual

If the preset choices do not match what you need, use USER DEFINED to define an alternative.

To define a specific frequency offset:

Tutorial

Press Menu Button

Select Menu Page

Highlight Parameter

Select Choice

USER DEFINED

When you select USER DEFINED, the knob is assigned to adjust the frequency offset. Two choices are available in this mode: Coarse and Fine (see Figure 2–28). Coarse adjusts the frequency offset by 10 ppm. Fine adjusts the frequency offset by 0.1 ppm. The larger the value for frequency offset, the more often the pointer is adjusted.

Figure 2–28: Adjusting Frequency Offset Using the Knob

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Tutorial

Use the knob to change the value of Frequency Offset; select any value you wish. When you are finished selecting a frequency offset:

Press Menu Button

T o turn off frequency offset:

Press Menu Button

TRANSMIT POINTERS &

Selecting Default 0ppm sets the Frequency Offset back to 0 ppm.

Select Menu Page

TIMING

Viewing Transport Overhead

The CTS 710 allows you to view the transport overhead for the transmitted or received signal. T o view the transport overhead for the transmitted signal:

Press Menu Button

TRANSMIT TRANSPORT

Select Menu Page

OVERHEAD

Highlight Parameter

Frequency Offset

Highlight Parameter

none none

Select Choice

DONE

Select Choice

Default 0ppm

Select Choice

2–40

The first line of text under the menu name describes the signal being received and the STS under test (see Figure 2–29).

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Tutorial

Figure 2–29: The TRANSPORT OVERHEAD Page of the TRANSMIT Menu

The Showing Overhead for parameter identifies which columns of the transport overhead are displayed. T o display the overhead for other SPEs within the signal, select the appropriate choice.

Press Menu Button

Select Menu Page

Editing the Transport Overhead

Except for certain reserved bytes, you can edit the bytes of the transport overhead of the transmitted signal. Reserved bytes are identified by asterisks (*) in the byte content area of the displayed column.

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Highlight Parameter

Showing Overhead for

Select Choice

STS–1 #1

2–41

Tutorial

To edit a byte of the transport overhead:

Press Menu Button

Select Menu Page

Highlight Parameter

S1 byte

Select Choice

EDIT BYTE

Once you have selected EDIT BYTE, the CTS 710 enters the edit mode (see Figure 2–30).

2–42

Figure 2–30: The Display in Edit Mode

To change the value of any bit within the byte, highlight the bit you wish to change. T o change the value of the highlighted bit, select either 1 or 0. After you assign a value to the highlighted bit, the highlight moves to the next bit to be edited.

Edit the S1 byte to read 10101010. Select DONE when you have finished editing the byte. You can assign preset values to the highlighted byte. For example,

rather than editing each bit of the byte as you just did, you could also

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

have selected Set to 10101010. T o see that the CTS 710 is now receiving the new value of the S1 byte:

Tutorial

Press Menu Button

RECEIVE TRANSPORT

Verify that the transport overhead for STS–1 #1 is displayed. If it is not:

Press Menu Button

Look at the value of the S1 byte. You will see that it is 10101010, as previously set.

Viewing Test Results

The test has been running for several minutes and errors have been transmitted. T o see the test results, you must display the RESULTS menu. T o display the RESULTS menu:

Select Menu Page

OVERHEAD

Select Menu Page

Highlight Parameter

none none

Highlight Parameter

Showing Overhead for

Select Choice

STS–1 #1

Press Menu Button

RESULTS TEST SUMMARY none none

The TEST SUMMARY page identifies the most common errors that the CTS 710 has detected. You will see a line that identifies the worst error rate detected and may find listings for other types of errors (see Figure 2–31).

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Select Menu Page

Highlight Parameter

Select Choice

2–43

Tutorial

Figure 2–31: The TEST SUMMARY Page of the RESULTS Menu

The MAIN RESULTS page displays all the errors that have been detected. It also displays the error ratio and the number of errored seconds that have been logged (see Figure 2–32).

2–44

T o display the MAIN RESULTS page:

Press Menu Button

Select Menu Page

MAIN RESULTS none none

Highlight Parameter

CTS 710 SONET Test Set User Manual

Select Choice

Tutorial

Figure 2–32: The MAIN RESUL TS Page of the RESULTS Menu

This completes the tutorial. For detailed information on CTS 710 capabilities, refer to Reference, starting on page 3–1.

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Tutorial

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Reference Reference

Basic Test Procedures

This section gives examples of how to set up and use the CTS 710 SONET Test Set for several common telecommunication network applications:

H Network continuity checking H Transmission signal quality testing H Fault tolerance testing H Performance monitoring

Setting Up the CTS 710

This section presents setup instructions for the CTS 710 in tables. Perform the steps reading from left to right in the table (see example below). The word none in a cell indicates that no action is required.

Press Menu Button

Begin here with Step 1

Menu buttons are located on the instrument front panel. Select menu pages with the buttons below the display. Use the knob to highlight a parameter; then use the buttons at the right to select a choice. Many setups require several iterations of highlighting parameters and selecting choices. Some setups may require more than one menu button or menu page selection as well.

The first step in each application setup initializes the CTS 710 to a known state.

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Select Menu Page

Step 2 Step 3 Step 4

Highlight Parameter

Step 5 Step 6 Step 7 Step 8, CTS 710

Select Choice

Setup is complete

3–1

Basic Test Procedures

Network Continuity Checking

With the AUTOSCAN feature of the CTS 710, it is easy to make a quick continuity check. The continuity check verifies that a SONET network element (NE), or portion of the network, is correctly set up and provisioned and that the signal passes through intact. In this example, the CTS 710 transmits an STS-3 signal into an NE. Then the CTS 710 receives the output from the NE and verifies that all three SPEs, including their payload patterns, are intact.

1. Connect the CTS 710 to the NE as shown in Figure 3–1.

CTS 710 SONET Test Set

3–2

All Signals are

STS-3

One or More SONET NEs

Figure 3–1: Setup to Check Network Continuity

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

2. Set up the CTS 710 as follows:

Basic Test Procedures

Press Menu Button

TEST SETUPS RECALL

TRANSMIT TRANSMIT

Select Menu Page

INSTRUMENT SETUPS

SETTINGS

Highlight Parameter

DEFAULT FACTORY SETTINGS

Transmit Rate STS-3

Select Choice

Recall Setup

3. Press the AUTOSCAN button. The receiver locks onto the output

from the NE, displays the signal structure, and shows information about the content of STS #1.

4. T o analyze the payload pattern, select Show Payload. The

CTS 710 detects a PRBS of length 223–1.

5. Check the J1 Path Trace for any message.

6. Check the front-panel status lights to verify that there are no

errors, alarms, or failures.

7. Select EXIT to leave the AUTOSCAN dialog box.

8. To check STS #2, change the CTS 710 setup to:

Press Menu Button

TRANSMIT TRANSMIT

Select Menu Page

SETTINGS

Highlight Parameter

STS Under Test 2

Select Choice

9. Press the AUTOSCAN button.

10.Use the knob to select STS #2.

11. Repeat steps 4 through 7 of this procedure to verify the integrity

of STS #2.

12.Repeat steps 8 through 11 for the remaining STSs in the SONET

signal.

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

3–3

Basic Test Procedures

Transmission Signal Quality Testing

Measuring Bit Error Rate

The bit error rate (BER) test is one of the best ways to measure the quality of a SONET transmission link. You can use the CTS 710 to make a BER test on a two-way link that is connected in a loop-back configuration. If this is a test you perform often, save it as a pass/fail test for easy recall.

1. Connect the CTS 710 to a network as shown in Figure 3–2.

CTS 710 SONET Test Set

All Signals are

STS-1

One or More SONET NEs

Figure 3–2: Setup to Check a Transmission Link

3–4

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

2. Set up the CTS 710 as follows:

Basic Test Procedures

Press Menu Button

TEST SETUPS RECALL

TRANSMIT TRANSMIT

TEST SETUPS TEST CONTROL Test Duration 15 Minutes RESULTS MAIN RESULTS none Errors

Select Menu Page

INSTRUMENT SETUPS

SETTINGS

Highlight Parameter

DEFAULT FACTORY SETTINGS

Transmit Rate STS-1

Mapping Bulk Fill

Tx/Rx Settings Coupled

Select Choice

Recall Setup

No Mapping (Equipped)

3. Press the START/STOP button.

4. While the test is running, the CTS 710 counts errors and errored

seconds and then calculates the error ratio for each error type.

5. After 15 minutes have elapsed, the test stops automatically and

the measured results are held on the MAIN RESULTS page until another test is started.

6. When the test is complete, you can store the test results to disk or

print out a hardcopy. To save the test results to disk, you must enter a name for the disk file as follows:

Press Menu Button

RESULTS SAVE RESULTS Name EDIT NAME

Select Menu Page

7. Enter an eight-character name for the file.

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Highlight Parameter

Select Choice

3–5

Basic Test Procedures

8. If you wish, you can also enter a description of the test results by highlighting Description and selecting EDIT TEXT .

9. Save the test results to disk as follows:

Press Menu Button

Select Menu Page

Highlight Parameter

Save to Disk Save Current

Select Choice

Testing Mapping and Demapping

To test that a DS1 signal is correctly mapped into a SONET signal, you would use a Bit Error Rate test. However, testing mapping/demapping requires a different test setup than that described on page 3–4.

1. Connect the CTS 710 to an Add/Drop Multiplexer (ADM) as shown in Figure 3–3.

CTS 710 SONET Test Set

DS1

STS–1

Figure 3–3: Setup to Test Mapping and Demapping

3–6

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

DS1 Add/Drop

Multiplexer

2. Set up the CTS 710 as follows:

Basic Test Procedures

Press Menu Button

TEST SETUPS RECALL

TRANSMIT TRANSMIT

RECEIVE RECEIVE

TEST SETUPS TEST CONTROL Test Duration 15 Minutes RESULTS MAIN RESULTS none Errors

Select Menu Page

INSTRUMENT SETUPS

SETTINGS

Highlight Parameter

DEFAULT FACTORY SETTINGS

Transmit Rate DS1

Receive Rate STS-1

Mapping VT1.5 Async VT Under Test Set to match how

Payload DS1 Unframed

Select Choice

Recall Setup

the NE is provisioned

3. Press the START/STOP button. While the test is running, the CTS 710 counts errors and errored

seconds and then calculates the error ratio for each error type. After 15 minutes have elapsed, the test stops automatically and the

measured results are held on the MAIN RESULTS page until another test is started.

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Basic T est Procedures

4. When the test is complete, you can store the test results to disk or print out a hardcopy. To save the test results to disk, you must enter a name for the disk file as follows:

Press Menu Button

RESULTS SAVE RESULTS Name EDIT NAME

5. Enter an eight-character name for the file.

6. If you wish, you can also enter a description of the test results by highlighting Description and selecting EDIT TEXT .

7. Save the test results to disk as follows:

Press Menu Button

Select Menu Page

Fault Tolerance Checking

Fault tolerance testing (sometimes called stimulus/response testing or stress testing) is used to ensure that a network responds correctly to various fault conditions. Though there are many additional fault conditions you can test with the CTS 710, this section covers three common examples:

Highlight Parameter

Save to Disk Save Current

Select Choice

3–8

H Response to errors and alarms H Response to pointer movements H Response to line frequency offset

Response to Errors and Alarms

This example uses two CTS 710s to simultaneously check the upstream and downstream responses to an error or alarm condition. You can use a single CTS 710 to do the same thing by alternately

CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Basic T est Procedures

connecting the upstream and downstream signals to the RECEIVE input.

T able 3–1 shows the responses expected from Line Terminating Equipment (LTE), such as an STS-3/STS-1 multiplexer, when presented with three possible error and alarm conditions.

Table 3–1: LTE Responses to Errors and Alarms

Transmitted Error or Alarm

Section B1 Error Line FEBE none LINE AIS LINE FERF PATH AIS PATH FERF none PATH FERF

Expected Upstream Response

Expected Downstream Response

1. Connect two CTS 710s to an LTE as shown in Figure 3–4.

CTS 710 SONET Test Set CTS 710 SONET Test Set

All Signals are

STS-1

Downstream

Upstream

LTE

Figure 3–4: Setup to Check Error and Alarm Response

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Basic Test Procedures

2. To check the LTE response to a Section B1 error, set up the upstream CTS 710 as follows:

Press Menu Button

TEST SETUPS RECALL

TRANSMIT TRANSMIT

TRANSMIT ERRORS &

RESULTS MAIN RESULTS none Errors

Select Menu Page

INSTRUMENT SETUPS

SETTINGS

ALARMS

Highlight Parameter

DEFAULT FACTORY SETTINGS

Transmit Rate STS-1

Tx/Rx Settings Coupled Error Type Section B1 BIP

Error Rate set to 1.0E–5

Select Choice

Recall Setup

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CTS 710 SONET T est Set User Manual

Tektronix cts710 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Copyright E Tektronix, Inc. 1994. All rights reserved. T ektronix products are covered by U.S. and foreign patents, issued and

WARRANTY

Table of Contents

List of Figures

List of Tables

General Safety Summary

Injury Precautions

Safety Terms and Symbols

Preface

How This Manual is Organized

Conventions

Getting Started

Product Description

Accessories

First Time Operation

Functional Overview

Front-Panel Controls, Indicators, and Connectors

Rear-Panel Controls and Connectors

Front-Panel Status Lights

Reading the Display

The Basic Menu Structure

Displaying Help

Connecting Signals

Initiating Autoscan

Changing Parameters

Working with the Disk Drive

Tutorial

Before Turning On the CTS 710

Setting Transmit Parameters

Setting Receive Parameters

Setting the Test Time

Where Test Results Are Displayed

Begin the Test

Inserting Errors

Adjusting Pointers

Viewing Transport Overhead

Editing the Transport Overhead

Viewing Test Results

Basic Test Procedures

Setting Up the CTS 710

Network Continuity Checking

Transmission Signal Quality Testing

Fault Tolerance Checking