Tektronix AFG3101, AFG3102, AFG3251, AFG3252, AFG3021B Primary User

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AFG3000 Series Arbitrary/Function Generators

ZZZ

Quick Start User Manual

*P071163105*

071-1631-05

AFG3000 Series Arbitrary/Function Generators Quick Start User Manual

www.tektronix.com

071-1631-05

Copyright © Tektronix. All rights reserved. Licensed software products are owned by Tektronix or its subsidiaries or suppliers, and are protected by national copyright laws and international treaty provisions.

Tektronix products are covered by U.S. and foreign patents, issued and pending. Information in this publication supercedes that in all previously published material. Specifications and price change privileges reserved.

TEKTRONIX and TEK are registered trademarks of Tektronix, Inc.

Contacting Tektronix

Tektronix, Inc. 14200 SW Karl Braun Drive P.O. Box 500 Beaverton, OR 97077 USA

For product information, sales, service, and technical support:

■ In North America, call 1-800-833-9200

■ Worldwide, visit www.tektronix.com to find contacts in your area.

Warranty 16

Tektronix warrants that the product will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of three (3) years from the date of original purchase from an authorized Tektronix distributor. If the product proves defective during this warranty period, Tektronix, at its option, either will repair the defective product without charge for parts and labor, or will provide a replacement in exchange for the defective product. Batteries are excluded from this warranty. Parts, modules and replacement products used by Tektronix for warranty work may be new or reconditioned to like new performance. All replaced parts, modules and products become the property of Tektronix.

In order to obtain service under this warranty, Customer must notify Tektronix of the defect before the expiration of the warranty period and make suitable arrangements for the performance of service. Customer shall be responsible for packaging and shipping the defective product to the service center designated by Tektronix, shipping charges prepaid, and with a copy of customer proof of purchase. Tektronix shall pay for the return of the product to Customer if the shipment is to a location within the country in which the Tektronix service center is located. Customer shall be responsible for paying all shipping charges, duties, taxes, and any other charges for products returned to any other locations.

This warranty shall not apply to any defect, failure or damage caused by improper use or improper or inadequate maintenance and care. Tektronix shall not be obligated to furnish service under this warranty a) to repair damage resulting from attempts by personnel other than Tektronix representatives to install, repair or service the product; b) to repair damage resulting from improper use or connection to incompatible equipment; c) to repair any damage or malfunction caused by the use of non-Tektronix supplies; or d) to service a product that has been modified or integrated with other products when the effect of such modification or integration increases the time or difficulty of servicing the product.

THIS WARRANTY IS GIVEN BY TEKTRONIX WITH RESPECT TO THE PRODUCT IN LIEU OF ANY OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS DISCLAIM ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. TEKTRONIX' RESPONSIBILITY TO REPAIR OR REPLACE DEFECTIVE PRODUCTS IS THE SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY PROVIDED TO THE CUSTOMER FOR BREACH OF THIS WARRANTY. TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IRRESPECTIVE OF WHETHER TEKTRONIX OR THE VENDOR HAS ADVANCE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

Table of Contents

General Safety Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii

Compliance Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v

EMC Compliance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v

Safety Compliance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi

Environmental Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix

Documentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix

Conventions Used in this Manual. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x

Quick Tutorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

To Generate a Sine Waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Accessing Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

General Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Before Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Operating Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Standard Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Recommended Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Powering the Instrument On and Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

To Change Instrument Settings at Power-on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Self Test and Self Calibration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Selecting a Local Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Protect Your Instrument from Misuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Floating Ground. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Protect Your DUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Update Your Instrument Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Connect to a Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Equivalent Output Circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Overheat Protection (AFG3011 Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Getting Acquainted with Your Instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Front Panel Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Screen Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

View Button . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Shortcut Buttons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Default Setup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Select Waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Select Run Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Adjust Waveform Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Channel Select (dual-channel model only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Output ON/OFF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Rear Panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Operating Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Generate a Pulse Waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Save/Recall Arbitrary Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Generate an Arbitrary Waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Modify an Arbitrary Waveform (Edit Menu) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Generate Noise/DC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Generate a Burst Waveform. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Sweep a Waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Modulate a Waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Table of Contents

Trigger Out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Adjusting Parameters of Two Channel Signals (dual-channel model only). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Set up Load Impedance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Invert Waveform Polarity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Add Noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Add Signal (AFG3100 and AFG3200 Series) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Generating a Differential Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

External Reference Clock (Except AFG3021B and AFG3022B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Synchronous Operation (Except AFG3021B and AFG3022B). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

USB Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Utility Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Save/Recall Instrument Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Saving a Screen Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Using the Security Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

ArbExpress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Application Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Lissajous Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Measurement of Filter Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Motor Speed Control by Pulse-Width Modulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Carrier Null (Frequency Modulation) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Electrical (except AFG3011) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Electrical (AFG3011) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Inputs/Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

Instrument Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

ii AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

General Safety Summary

Review the following safety precautions to avoid injury and prevent damage to this product or any products connected to it. To avoid potential hazards, use this product only as specified.

Only qualified personnel should perform service procedures.

To avoid Fire or Personal Injury

Use Proper Power Cord. Use only the power cord specified for this product and certified for the country of use.

Ground the Product. This product is grounded through the grounding conductor of the power cord. To avoid electric

shock, the grounding conductor must be connected to earth ground. Before making connections to the input or output terminals of the product, ensure that the product is properly grounded.

Observe All Terminal Ratings. To avoid fire or shock hazard, observe all ratings and markings on the product. Consult

the product manual for further rating information before making connections to the product. Do not apply a potential to any terminal, including the common terminal, that exceeds the maximum rating of that terminal.

Power Off. The power cord provides Mains disconnect.

Do Not Operate Without Covers. Do not operate this product with covers or panels removed.

General Safety Summary

Do Not Operate With Suspected Failures. If you suspect there is damage to this product, have it inspected by qual-

ified service personnel.

Do Not Operate in Wet/Damp Conditions.

Do Not Operate in an Explosive Atmosphere.

Keep Product Surfaces Clean and Dry.

Provide Proper Ventilation.

proper ventilation.

Refer to the manual's installation instructions for details on installing the product so it has

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

iii

General Safety Summary

Symbols and Terms

Terms in this Manual. These terms may appear in this manual:

WARNING. Warning statements identify conditions or practices that could result in injury or loss of life.

CAUTION. Caution statements identify conditions or practices that could result in damage to this product or other property.

Terms on the Product. These terms may appear on the product:

DANGER indicates an injury hazard immediately accessible as you read the marking.

WARNING indicates an injury hazard not immediately accessible as you read the marking.

CAUTION indicates a hazard to property including the product.

iv AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Compliance Information

This section lists the EMC (electromagnetic compliance), safety, and environmental standards with which the instrument complies.

EMC Compliance

EC Declaration of Conformity – EMC

Meets intent of Directive 2004/108/EC for Electromagnetic Compatibility. Compliance was demonstrated to the following specifications as listed in the Official Journal of the European Communities:

Compliance Information

EN 61326-1:2006. EMC requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use.

■ CISPR 11:2003. Radiated and conducted emissions, Group 1, Class A

■ IEC 61000-4-2:2001. Electrostatic discharge immunity

■ IEC 61000-4-3:2002. RF electromagnetic field immunity

■ IEC 61000-4-4:2004. Electrical fast transient/burst immunity

■ IEC 61000-4-5:2001. Power line surge immunity

■ IEC 61000-4-6:2003. Conducted RF immunity

■ IEC 61000-4-11:2004. Voltage dips and interruptions immunity

EN 61000-3-2:2006. AC power line harmonic emissions

EN 61000-3-3:1995. Voltage changes, fluctuations, and flicker

European Contact.

Tektronix UK, Ltd. Western Peninsula Western Road Bracknell, RG12 1RF United Kingdom

1, 2, 3

1. This product is intended for use in nonresidential areas only. Use in residential areas may cause electromagnetic interference.

2. Emissions which exceed the levels required by this standard may occur when this equipment is connected to a test object.

3. To ensure compliance with the EMC standards listed here, high quality shielded interface cables should be used.

Australia / New Zealand Declaration of Conformity – EMC

Complies with the EMC provision of the Radiocommunications Act per the following standard:

■ CISPR 11:2003. Radiated and Conducted Emissions, Group 1, Class A, in accordance with EN 61326-1:2006

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Compliance Information

Safety Compliance

EC Declaration of Conformity – Low Voltage

Compliance was demonstrated to the following specification as listed in the Official Journal of the European Communities:

Low Voltage Directive 2006/95/EC.

■ EN 61010-1: 2001. Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement control and laboratory use.

U.S. Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory Listing

■ UL 61010-1:2004, 2

Canadian Certification

■ CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 61010-1:2004. Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and

laboratory use. Part 1.

Additional Compliances

Edition. Standard for electrical measuring and test equipment.

■ IEC 61010-1: 2001. Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use.

Equipment Type

Test and measuring equipment.

Safety Class

Class 1 – grounded product.

Pollution Degree Description

A measure of the contaminants that could occur in the environment around and within a product. Typically the internal environment inside a product is considered to be the same as the external. Products should be used only in the environment for which they are rated.

■ Pollution Degree 1. No pollution or only dry, nonconductive pollution occurs. Products in this category are generally

encapsulated, hermetically sealed, or located in clean rooms.

■ Pollution Degree 2. Normally only dry, nonconductive pollution occurs. Occasionally a temporary conductivity that is

caused by condensation must be expected. This location is a typical office/home environment. Temporary condensation occurs only when the product is out of service.

■ Pollution Degree 3. Conductive pollution, or dry, nonconductive pollution that becomes conductive due to condensation.

These are sheltered locations where neither temperature nor humidity is controlled. The area is protected from direct sunshine, rain, or direct wind.

■ Pollution Degree 4. Pollution that generates persistent conductivity through conductive dust, rain, or snow. Typical

outdoor locations.

vi AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Compliance Information

Pollution Degree

Pollution Degree 2 (as defined in IEC 61010-1). Note: Rated for indoor use only.

Installation (Overvoltage) Category Descriptions

Terminals on this product may have different installation (overvoltage) category designations. The installation categories are:

■ Measurement Category IV. For measurements performed at the source of low-voltage installation.

■ Measurement Category III. For measurements performed in the building installation.

■ Measurement Category II. For measurements performed on circuits directly connected to the low-voltage installation.

■ Measurement Category I. For measurements performed on circuits not directly connected to MAINS.

Overvoltage Category

Mains: Overvoltage Category II (as defined in IEC 61010-1)

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

vii

Environmental Considerations

This section provides information about the environmental impact of the product.

Product End-of-Life Handling

Observe the following guidelines when recycling an instrument or component.

Equipment Recycling. Production of this equipment required the extraction and use of natural resources. The equip-

ment may contain substances that could be harmful to the environment or human health if improperly handled at the product’s end of life. In order to avoid release of such substances into the environment and to reduce the use of natural resources, we encourage you to recycle this product in an appropriate system that will ensure that most of the materials are reused or recycled appropriately.

The symbol shown to the left indicates that this product complies with the European Union’s requirements according to Directive 2002/96/EC on waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). For information about recycling about options, check the Support/Service section of the Tektronix Web site (www.tektronix.com).

Mercury Notification. This product uses an LCD backlight lamp that contains mercury. Disposal may be regulated due

to environmental considerations. Please contact your local authorities or, within the United States, the Electronics Industries Alliance (www.eiae.org) for disposal or recycling information.

Restriction of Hazardous Substances

This product has been classified as Monitoring and Control equipment, and is outside the scope of the 2002/95/EC RoHS Directive.

viii AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Preface

This manual describes the installation and operation of Tektronix AFG3000 Series Arbitrary/Function Generators along with basic operations and concepts. The following instruments are supported by this manual:

AFG3011 AFG3021B AFG3022B AFG3101

AFG3102 AFG3251 AFG3252

Documentation

The following table lists related documentation available for your arbitrary/function generator. The documentation is available on the Document CD and on the Tektronix Web site (www.tektronix.com/manuals).

Item Purpose Location

Quick Start User Manual Unpacking, Installation, Specifica-

Preface

tion, Operation, and Overviews

Built-in Help UI Help and Operation

Programmer Manual Menu Structures, User Interface,

and Programming Information

Service Manual (Optional) Self-service and Performance test

ArbExpress Software CD Waveform creation

Import waveforms from oscilloscope or PC

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Preface

Front panel power

Connect

power

Network

USB

Conventions Used in this Manual

The following icons are used throughout this manual.

The soft keys along the right side of the display are called bezel buttons in this manual. In other documents, they may also be called option buttons or side-menu buttons.

x AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Quick Tutorial

The quick tutorial shows beginning users how to generate a simple sine waveform. Follow these steps to get acquainted with the basics of the instrument:

1. Turn on the arbitrary/function generator.

2. Connect the CH1 Output of the arbitrary/function generator and the oscilloscope input with a BNC cable.

3. Select a waveform.

4. Enable the signal output.

5. Observe a waveform displayed on the oscilloscope screen.

6. Use the front-panel shortcut buttons to select a waveform parameter.

7. Select Frequency as a parameter to be changed.

8. Change the frequency value using numeric keys.

9. Change the waveform parameters using the general purpose knob and the arrow keys.

For more task-oriented descriptions of basic operation, see Application Examples on page 75.

Quick Tutorial

In addition to the quick tutorial for generating a sine waveform, this section describes how to access the help system of the arbitrary/function generator.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Quick Tutorial

AFG3000 series

Oscilloscope

To Generate a Sine Waveform

The following quick tutorial describes how to generate a continuous sine waveform using Tektronix AFG3000 Series Arbitrary/Function Generators. Follow these steps to learn the basics of the arbitrary/function generator.

1. Connect the power cord, and then push the front-panel power on/off switch to turn on the arbitrary/function generator.

2. Connect a BNC cable from the CH1 Output of arbitrary/function generator to an oscilloscope input connector.

3. Push the front-panel Sine button, and then push the Continuous button to select a waveform.

4. Push the front-panel CH1 Output On button to enable the output.

5. Use the oscilloscope auto-scaling function to display the sine waveform on the screen.

If the instrument outputs a default sine waveform, you can manually set the oscilloscope as follows:

■ 0.5 μs/div

■ 200 mV/div

6. To change the frequency, push the front-panel Frequency/Period shortcut button.

2 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

7. The Frequency/Period/Phase Menu is

displayed and Freq is selected. You can now change the frequency value.

8. To change the frequency value, use the

keypad and Units bezel buttons.

For example, if you enter a value "2" using the keypad, the bezel menus will automatically change to Units.

After entering the frequency value, push the Units bezel button or the front-panel Enter button to complete the entry.

You can change the Amplitude, Phase, and Offset values in the same way.

9. You can also change the frequency

value using the general purpose knob and the arrow keys.

Quick Tutorial

To increase the value, turn the knob clockwise.

To change a specific digit, select it by pushing the arrow keys. Then change it by turning the knob.

Quick Tips

■ Use the front-panel shortcut buttons to quickly select a waveform parameter. See page 26 for usage of shortcut buttons.

■ You can also specify a waveform parameter by using bezel menu selection. This method does not use the front-panel

shortcut buttons.

■ When you specify a waveform parameter using the shortcut buttons or bezel menu selection, an active parameter is

displayed in green in the graph area. (See step 8 above.)

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Quick Tutorial

Accessing Help

1. Push the front-panel Help button to

display the help screen.

2. Most of the help topics contain phrases marked with <angle brackets>. These are links to other topics. Turn the general purpose knob to move the highlight from one link to another.

3. Push the Show Topic bezel button to display the topic corresponding to the highlighted link.

4. Push the Index bezel button to display an Index page.

5. Push the Exit bezel button or any front-panel button to remove the Help text from the screen and return to the graphic or parameter display.

Quick Tips

■ When you push the Help button, the instrument displays information about the last menu displayed on the screen. If

the topic uses more than one page, turn the general purpose knob to move from page to page within the topic.

■ Push the front-panel Help button, and then push the Index bezel button to display an Index page. Push the Page Up

or Page Down bezel button until you find the index page that contains the topic you want to view. Turn the general purpose knob to highlight a help topic. Push the Show Topic button to display the topic.

■ You can select the language of the bezel menus and Help information. See page 11.

4 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Getting Started

General Features

The following table and list describe the general features of AFG3000 Series Arbitrary/Function Generators.

Getting Started

Model AFG3011 AFG3021B/

AFG3101/AFG3102 AFG3251/AFG3252

AFG3022B

Channel 1 1/2 1/2 1/2

Sine 10 MHz 25 MHz 100 MHz 240 MHz

Pulse 5 MHz 12.5 MHz 50 MHz 120 MHz

Memory 2 to 131,072 2 to 131,072 2 to 16,384 >16,384 to

131,072

2 to 16,384 >16,384 to

131,072

Sampling Rate 250 MS/s 250 MS/s 1 GS/s 250 MS/s 2 GS/s 250 MS/s

Amplitude 20 V

p-p

Display Color Monochrome/

10 V

p-p

10 V

p-p

5 V

Color Color

p-p

Color

Interface USB, LAN,

GPIB

■ Three functions integrated into one generator:

■ 10 MHz to 240 MHz Function Generator

■ 5 MHz to 120 MHz Pulse Generator

■ 14 bits Arbitrary Waveform Generator

USB, LAN, GPIB

USB, LAN, GPIB USB, LAN, GPIB

■ Color or monochrome LCD display

■ Ground isolation

■ Synchronous operation

■ USB memory interface

■ ArbExpress

■ Context-sensitive Help system

Software

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Getting Started

156.3 mm

329.6 mm

Before Installation

Inspect the arbitrary/function generator carton for external damage. If the carton is damaged, notify the carrier.

Remove the arbitrary/function generator from its package and check that it has not been damaged in transit. Verify that the carton contains the instrument and its standard accessories. Refer to Standard Accessories on page 7.

Operating Requirements

Environmental

1. Place the instrument on a cart or

bench, observing clearance requirements:

■ Sides: 50 mm (2 in)

■ Rear: 50 mm (2 in)

2. Before operating, ensure that the ambient temperature is between 0 °C to +50 °C (+32 °F to +122 °F).

AFG

DUAL CHANNEL

3102

ARBITRARY/FUNCTION GENERATOR

USB

Memory

1GS/s 100MHz

View

Sine

Square

Ramp

Pulse

Arb

Output

Run ModeFunction

Continuous Modulation

Frequency/Period Amplitude/High

Phase Delay

Leading/TrailingDuty/Width

Utility

Edit

Save RecallMore...

Channel

Ch2

Ch1

Sweep Burst

Offset/Low

Help

Default

TriggerTrigger

InputOutput Output

CAUTION. To ensure proper cooling, keep both sides of the instrument clear of obstructions.

Power Supply Requirements

Source Voltage and Frequency 100 V to 240 V, 47 Hz to 63 Hz

or 115 V, 360 Hz to 440 Hz

Power Consumption Less than 120 W

6 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Standard Accessories

Unpack the instrument and check that you received all items listed as Standard Accessories. Check the Tektronix Web site (www.tektronix.com) for the most current information.

Accessory Tektronix part number

AFG3000 Series Arbitrary/Function Generators Quick Start User Manual

English (Option L0) 071-1631-xx

French (Option L1)

Italian (Option L2) 071-1669-xx

German (Option L3)

Spanish (Option L4) 071-1670-xx

Japanese (Option L5)

Simple Chinese (Option L7)

Traditional Chinese (Option L8)

Korean (Option L9)

Russian (Option L10)

No printed manual (Option L99) – – –

AFG3000 Series Document CD 063-3828-xx

ArbExpress (Application Software for Tektronix Arbitrary/ Function Generators) Software CD 063-3763-xx

AFG3000 Series Arbitrary/Function Generators Programmer Manual (a PDF file on the AFG3000 Series Document CD)

AFG3000 Series Arbitrary/Function Generators Service Manual (a PDF file on the AFG3000 Series Document CD)

Power cord

North America (Option A0) 161-0066-00

Universal Euro (Option A1) 161-0066-09

United Kingdom (Option A2) 161-0066-10

Australia (Option A3) 161-0066-13

Switzerland (Option A5) 161-0154-00

Japan (Option A6) 161-0298-00

China (Option A10) 161-0304-00

No power cord or AC adapter (Option A99) – – –

Getting Started

071-1632-xx

071-1633-xx

071-1634-xx

071-1635-xx

071-1636-xx

071-1637-xx

071-1638-xx

071-1639-xx

071-1640-xx

1. These manuals contain a language overlay for the front panel controls.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Getting Started

120 VA

Recommended Accessories

The following optional accessories are recommended for your instrument:

■ 50 Ω BNC cable, double-shielded, 91 cm (36 in) (Tektronix part number 012-0482-00)

■ 50 Ω BNC cable, double-shielded, 250 cm (98 in) (Tektronix part number 012-1256-00)

■ GPIB interface cable, double-shielded, 2 m (Tektronix part number 012-0991-00)

NOTE. To ensure the EMC compliance listed in the Specifications, connect only high quality shielded cables to this instrument. High quality shielded cables typically are braid and foil types that have low impedance connection to shielded connectors at both ends.

■ RM3100 Rackmount kit (see page 90 for dimensions of the kit)

■ Fuse adapter (see page 12 for more information)

Powering the Instrument On and Off

Power On

1. Insert the AC power cord into the

power receptacle on the rear panel.

2. Use the front-panel power button to power on the instrument.

Wait until the front panel display shows that the instrument has passed all power-on self tests.

Power Off

1. Use the front-panel power button to

power off the instrument.

DUAL CHANNEL ARBITRARY/FUNCTION GENERATOR

1GS/s 100MHz

View

1GS/s 100MHz

View

Sine

Square

Ramp

Pulse

Arb

Output

Sine

Square

Ramp

Pulse

Arb

Output

Run ModeFunction

Continuous Modulation

Frequency/Period Amplitude/High

Phase Delay

Leading/TrailingDuty/Width

Edit

Utility

Save RecallMore...

Channel

Ch2

Ch1

Continuous Modulation

Frequency/Period Amplitude/High

Phase Delay

Leading/TrailingDuty/Width

Edit

Utility

Save RecallMore...

Channel

Ch2

Ch1

Sweep Burst

Offset/Low

Default

Run ModeFunction

Help

Offset/Low

Sweep Burst

Help

Default

TriggerTrigger

InputOutput Output

TriggerTrigger

InputOutput Output

DUAL CHANNEL

AFG

3102

ARBITRARY/FUNCTION GENERATOR

USB

Memory

AFG

3102

USB

Memory

8 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

To Change Instrument Settings at Power-on

The default settings are restored when you power on the instrument. You can change the power-on settings to the last powered-off settings. Use the Utility menu to change the power-on settings.

1. Push the front-panel Utility button.

2. Push the System bezel button.

3. Push the Power On bezel button to

select the power on settings.

■ Default

Select Default to restore the default settings when the instrument is powered on.

■ Last

Select Last to restore the same settings as when the instrument was last powered off.

Getting Started

Quick Tips

■ You can restore the instrument to its default settings at any time by pushing the front-panel Default button.

■ To restore the factory default settings, push the front-panel Utility > System bezel > Secure bezel buttons. Executing

the secure function will erase all the instrument setups and waveforms stored in the internal memory.

NOTE. When you set the power-on settings to Last, it is important to keep in mind that sometimes the instrument might not output signals the next time you power on, depending on the instrument settings. For example, if Burst is selected as the Run Mode and external trigger source is selected, the instrument will not output signals without receiving a trigger signal.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Getting Started

Self Test and Self Calibration

The arbitrary/function generator performs a limited set of hardware tests at power-on. You can also perform the manual diagnostics and/or self calibration using the Utility menu.

■ Diagnostics (Self test) – Perform the self test to verify that your instrument is operating correctly.

■ Calibration (Self calibration) – The self calibration mainly checks DC accuracy using the internal calibration routines.

NOTE. If you need to verify that the instrument meets the warranted specifications, do the complete set of performance verification procedures provided in the Service Manual.

1. Push the front-panel Utility button.

2. Push the -more- bezel button.

3. Push the Diagnostics/Calibration

bezel button.

4. To execute the instrument diagnostics, push the Execute Diagnostics bezel button.

To execute self calibration, push the

Execute Calibration bezel button.

5. If Diagnostics completes without any

errors, the message “PASSED” is displayed.

CAUTION. Do not power off the instrument while executing self calibration. If the power is turned off during self calibration, data stored in the internal memory may be lost.

2#55'&

Quick Tips

■ Before executing self calibration, ensure that the ambient temperature is between +20 °C and +30 °C (+68 °F to

+86 °F). Allow a 20 minute warm-up period before executing self calibration.

■ Disconnect all the cables from the instrument when you perform self test or self calibration.

■ Perform self calibration at least once a year to maintain DC accuracy. It is recommended that the self calibration should

be performed along with a periodic check.

10 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Selecting a Local Language

You can select a language to display on the instrument screen.

1. Push the front-panel Utility button.

2. Push the Language bezel button.

3. Select the desired language.

You can select from English, French, German, Japanese, Korean, Simple Chinese, Traditional Chinese, and Russian.

Getting Started

Quick Tips

■ When you power on the instrument for the first time, English is selected by default. After you select a desired language,

all the bezel menus, pop-up messages, and built-in help are displayed in the specified language. The main display area (see page 24) is not translated.

■ Use the front panel overlay that corresponds to each local language.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Getting Started

Do not mistake Output connectors for Input.

Output

Input

Adapter

0.125A Fuse

Protect Your Instrument from Misuse

Check Input and Output Connectors

1. The instrument has both input and

output connectors on the front panel.

When connecting a cable, be sure to distinguish the input connector from the output connectors.

The arbitrary/function generator input and output connectors are floating inputs/outputs.

WARNING. To avoid personal injury due to electric shock, do not apply voltages in excess of 42 Vpk to any BNC connector ground or to the chassis ground.

CAUTION. Do not short output pins or apply external voltages to Output connectors. The instrument may be damaged.

CAUTION. Do not apply excessive inputs over +5 V to Trigger Input connector. The instrument may be damaged.

Use Fuse Adapter

The instrument will be damaged if a large DC or AC voltage is applied to the output or input connectors. To protect the output circuits, a fuse adapter is provided as an optional accessory. When the instrument is used by students or other inexperienced users, always attach the fuse adapter to the output connectors to avoid damage.

Tektronix part numbers for the fuse adapter are as follows:

■ 013-0345-00: Adapter

■ 159-0454-00: 0.125 A fuse set (3 each)

12 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Floating Ground

Chassis ground

Common ground

CH2

CH1

50 Ω

1 MΩ

Since the common (input and output channel common) of the arbitrary/function generator is electrically isolated from the chassis ground (the instrument chassis and ground line of the AC connector), you can make a floating connection between the instrument and other equipment.

All the signal output connectors are connected to the common ground, and the remote interface connector is connected to the chassis ground.

CAUTION. When you make a floating connection, review the following precautions:

Getting Started

The maximum rated voltage between the chassis ground and common ground is 42 V tial voltage between the chassis ground and common ground goes over 42 V

p-p

(DC + peak AC). When the poten-

p-p

, the internal protective circuit will be acti-

vated to protect the circuits. However, higher voltage may cause the internal circuits in the instrument to be damaged.

When a potential voltage exists between the chassis ground and common ground, a short circuit from output to ground causes the instrument internal fuse to open and the output is stopped. If the fuse opens, you need to contact your local Tektronix Service Support.

When a potential voltage exists between the common ground and chassis ground, short-circuiting between them may lead to excessive current flow and the internal or external circuits may be damaged.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Getting Started

Protect Your DUT

Use care when you connect the instrument Channel Output to your DUT (device under test). To avoid damage to your DUT, the following preventive measures are provided. Follow these steps to set the limit values for high level and low level.

1. Push the front-panel Top Menu button. The Output Menu is displayed at the bottom of the bezel menu. Select

Output Menu.

2. In this example, High Limit is set to

5.000 V, and Low Limit is set to –5.000 V.

3. Push the Limit bezel button.

4. Select High Limit. Use numeric keys

or the general purpose knob to enter a value.

Enter 50 mV for High Limit, and –50 mV for Low Limit.

5. Push the front-panel Sine button to display the waveform parameter. Confirm that High and Low voltage levels were changed.

You cannot enter any values greater than 50 mV for High level.

Quick Tip

■ When you set limit values using Output Menu, a level indicator is displayed at left end of graph area. Refer to Screen

Interface on page 24 for the level indicator.

14 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Update Your Instrument Firmware

You can use the front-panel USB memory connector to update your arbitrary/function generator firmware.

CAUTION. Updating your instrument firmware is a sensitive operation which may damage your instrument if you do not follow all instructions carefully. To prevent damage to the instrument, do not remove the USB memory or power off the instrument during the update process.

NOTE. The screen images of the following procedure are provided as an example. The actual screen display may be different depending on your instrument configuration.

1. Push the front-panel Utility button to

display the Utility menu.

Version information is displayed on the screen. Confirm the firmware version of your instrument.

2. Visit www.tektronix.com, and check if

Tektronix offers a newer firmware version. Download the compressed zip file with the most current firmware to your PC.

Getting Started

Unzip the downloaded file and copy the file to your USB memory.

3. Insert the USB memory into the

front-panel USB connector.

4. Push the -more- bezel button twice in

the Utility menu.

5. The third page of the Utility menu is dis-

played. Select Firmware Update.

Note. If the USB memory is not inserted, the

Firmware Update bezel button is disabled.

Note. If Access Protection is on, the Firm-

ware Update bezel button is disabled. See page 67 for Access Protection.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Getting Started

6. Select the downloaded firmware file by

7. The instrument asks you "Are you sure

rotating the general purpose knob, and then push the Execute bezel button.

The firmware file name is as follows:

■ tekafgtb-1.x.x.tfb

you want to update firmware?". Push

OK.

8. The instrument displays "Do not power off until the process completes

clock symbol at the top right of the screen indicates the update process is in progress.

CAUTION. A firmware update usually takes approximately two minutes. Do not remove the USB memory during the update process.

CAUTION. If you accidentally removed the USB memory during the update process, do not power off the instrument. Repeat the installation process from step 3.

9. Wait until the instrument displays "Operation completed".

10. Push OK.

CAUTION. If “Operation completed” is not displayed, do not power off the instrument. Repeat the installation process from step 2 using a different type of USB memory.

." The

16 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

11. Remove the USB memory from the

front-panel USB connector.

12. Power the instrument off and then back

on.

Getting Started

13. Push the front-panel Utility button to

display the Utility menu.

Confirm that the firmware has been updated.

Quick Tip

■ You can protect access to firmware update using the Security menu. See page 67.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Getting Started

120 VA

Connect to a Network

The AFG3000 series arbitrary/function generator communication interface allows you to communicate with or remotely control your instrument. You can use a USB, Ethernet, or GPIB interface.

USB Interface

The USB interface requires no front panel or bezel menu operations to set up. Use a USB cable to connect your instrument to a PC.

Ethernet Setup

To connect your instrument to a network, you must first obtain information from your network administrator. The procedure for entering the Ethernet network parameters depends on your network configuration. If your network supports DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol), follow these steps:

1. Connect a LAN cable to the LAN port on the rear panel.

2. Push the front-panel Utility button.

3. Push the I/O Interface > Ethernet

bezel buttons.

4. The Ethernet Network Settings menu is displayed.

By selecting the DHCP On, the instrument can set its network address automatically through DHCP.

18 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

If you cannot establish communication by

120 VA

setting DHCP On, you need to set up an IP Address manually and a Subnet Mask if necessary. Follow these steps:

Getting Started

5. Display the Ethernet Network Settings

menu and select DHCP Off.

6. Push the IP Address bezel button to

enter an IP address. You need to contact your network administrator to get the IP address to use.

7. Push the Subnet Mask bezel button to

enter a Subnet Mask. Ask your network administrator whether a subnet mask is required.

8. Push the Default Gateway bezel but-

ton to enter a gateway address. Ask your network administrator for the gateway address.

GPIB Setup

To set the instrument GPIB interface, follow these steps:

1. Connect a GPIB cable to the rear panel

GPIB port.

2. Push the front-panel Utility button.

3. Push the I/O Interface > GPIB bezel

buttons.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Getting Started

4. Push the Address bezel button to assign a unique address to the instrument.

The GPIB address defines a unique address for the instrument. Each device connected to the GPIB bus must have a unique GPIB address. The GPIB address must be from 0 to 30.

5. Push the Configuration bezel button to toggle the instrument bus communications on and off.

■ Talk/Listen – Select this mode to

remotely control the instrument from an external host computer.

■ Off Bus – Select this mode to dis-

connect the instrument from the GPIB bus.

Quick Tip

■ Refer to the AFG3000 Series Arbitrary/Function Generators Programmer Manual for information on remote control

commands.

20 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Equivalent Output Circuits

Offset

50 Ω

Signal

Offset

50 Ω

Signal

Offset

50 Ω

Signal

Offset

Signal

50 Ω

Current source

Voltage source

The following illustrations show the equivalent output circuits for the AFG3000 series instruments:

1. AFG3011

■ Output signals do not exceed ±20 V

when the >50 used.

2. AFG3021B and AFG3022B

■ Amplitude and offset of the output

signals are not affected by load impedance.

3. AFG3101/AFG3102

Ω load impedance is

Getting Started

■ Output signals do not exceed ±10 V

when the >50

Ω load impedance is

used.

■ Voltage over the maximum level is

clipped.

■ Amplitude and offset are affected

when you change the load impedance. The maximum and minimum levels do not exceed ±10 V, respectively.

4. AFG3251/AFG3252

■ Output signals do not exceed ±10 V

when the >50

Ω load impedance is

used.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Getting Started

The following table shows the output window (maximum and minimum levels) for sine waveform when you change the load impedance (L). Load impedance will affect the output window. Refer to page 54 for setting up load impedance.

AFG3011

AFG3021B/AFG3022B

AFG3101/AFG3102

AFG3251/AFG3252

Maximum level Minimum level (Maximum amplitude)

L = 50 Ω L = High Z

10 V –10 V (20 V

5 V –5 V (10 V

10 V –10 V (10 V

5 V –5 V (5 V

p-p

)

20 V –20 V (40 V

10 V –10 V (20 V

10 V –10 V (10 V

p-p

)

Overheat Protection (AFG3011 Only)

The instrument internal temperature is monitored in the AFG3011. A warning message will appear if the internal temperature reaches a threshold level, and signal output will automatically turn off. If the warning message appears, check for the following conditions (see page 6 for operating requirements):

■ The ambient temperature requirement is being met.

■ The required cooling clearance is being met.

■ The instrument fan is working properly.

22 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Getting Acquainted with Your Instrument

Output

USB

Memory

USB

Memory

AFG

3102

1GS/s 100MHz

DUAL CHANNEL ARBITRARY/FUNCTION GENERATOR

InputOutput Output

Channel

TriggerTrigger

View

Ch2

Ch1

Run ModeFunction

Sine

Leading/TrailingDuty/Width

Sweep Burst

Edit

Utility

Save RecallMore...

Arb

Pulse

Ramp

Square

Continuous Modulation

Default

Help

Offset/Low

Frequency/Period Amplitude/High

Phase Delay

Numeric keypad

Power On/Off switch

Shortcut buttons

Function buttons

Bezel menu buttons

Trigger Input connector

USB connector

View button

Trigger Output connector

CH1 and CH2 Output connectors

Menu buttons

Top Menu button

The Trig’d LED is lit when the instrument receives an internal or external trigger signal.

Front Panel Overview

The front panel is divided into easy-to-use functional areas. This section provides you with a quick overview of the front panel controls and the screen interface. The following figure shows the front panel of the dual-channel model.

Getting Acquainted with Your Instrument

To Lock or unlock the Front Panel Controls

If you need to lock the front panel controls, use the following remote command:

■ SYSTem:KLOCk[:STATe]

To unlock the front panel without using a remote command, push the front-panel Cancel button twice.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Getting Acquainted with Your Instrument

Bezel menu

Main display area (Parameter listing

or Graph)

View tab

Message display area

Output status

Level meter

Screen Interface

Bezel Menu. When you push a front panel button, the instrument displays the corresponding menu on the right side of

the screen. The menu shows the options that are available when you push the unlabeled bezel buttons directly to the right of the screen. (Some documentation may also refer to the bezel buttons as option buttons, side-menu buttons, or soft keys.)

Main Display Area and View Tab. Pushing the front-panel View button toggles through the view format of the main

display area. The view tabs correspond with the current view format. The arbitrary/function generator can display three different screen formats (see page 25).

Output Status. If the output is set to disable, Output Off message is displayed in this area. When you push the front

panel channel output button (see page 33) to enable the output, the message will disappear.

Message Display Area. A message that monitors hardware status such as clock or trigger is displayed in this area.

Level Meter. Amplitude level is displayed. Refer to page 14 for setting the high limit and low limit. The following figure

describes the level meter.

1. Shows maximum amplitude level of your instrument.

2. Shows the range of high limit and low limit set by the user.

3. Shows the amplitude level that is currently selected.

24 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

View Button

The instrument provides the following three screen view formats:

■ Waveform parameter and graph display

■ Graph comparison

■ Waveform parameter comparison

1. To change the screen display format,

push the front-panel View button.

2. The first format provides the single

channel waveform parameters and graph display.

(Dual-channel model only): You can toggle the CH1 and CH2 information by pushing the channel select button (see page 33).

Getting Acquainted with Your Instrument

View

When you push the View button once, the view format is changed to the graph comparison format.

Push the View button again to display the third format. This view provides the channel parameter comparison.

Quick Tips

■ If the instrument is currently in the Save, Recall, Utility, Help, or Output menu, pushing the View button will have no

effect.

■ When the instrument is in the Edit menu, pushing the View button will toggle between Edit text and graphical views.

This is the only function of the single-channel model view button.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Getting Acquainted with Your Instrument

Shortcut Buttons

Shortcut buttons are provided for experienced users. The shortcut buttons allow you to select a setup parameter and enter a numeric value using the front panel controls. By using the shortcut buttons, you can select a waveform parameter without using any bezel menu selection.

1. Shortcut buttons are located below the Run Mode buttons on the front panel.

In this example, use pulse waveform.

2. If you push the Amplitude/High shortcut button once, Amplitude becomes active.

3. If you push the Amplitude/High shortcut button again, High Level becomes active.

You can also set parameters for Frequency/Period, Offset/Low, Duty/Width, or Leading/Trailing in the same way.

Quick Tips

■ If you push the Phase | Delay shortcut button, Delay becomes active. Pushing Phase | Delay again will have no effect,

because there is no phase parameter in the pulse parameter menu.

■ The Duty/Width and Leading/Trailing shortcut buttons are functional only when the instrument is in the pulse

parameter menu.

26 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Default Setup

When you want to restore the instrument settings to the default values, use the front-panel Default button.

1. Push the front-panel Default button.

2. A confirmation pop-up message

appears on the screen.

Push OK to recall the default settings.

Getting Acquainted with Your Instrument

Push Cancel to cancel the recall.

3. If you select OK, the instrument dis-

plays a 1 MHz frequency, 1 V

p-p

amplitude sine waveform as the default setup.

Quick Tips

■ The AFG3000 Series Arbitrary/Function Generators Programmer Manual describes the default setup settings in detail.

This manual is available on the accompanying CD or at www.tektronix.com.

■ The front-panel Default button does not reset the following settings:

■ Language option

■ Power-on settings

■ System related settings (display contrast, screen saver, click tone, and beeper)

■ Saved setups and arbitrary waveform data

■ Calibration data

■ GPIB and Ethernet setups

■ Access protection

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Getting Acquainted with Your Instrument

Select Waveform

The instrument can provide 12 standard waveforms (Sine, Square, Ramp, Pulse, Sin(x)/x, Noise, DC, Gaussian, Lorentz, Exponential Rise, Exponential Decay, and Haversine). The instrument can also provide user-defined arbitrary waveforms. You can create, edit, and save your custom waveforms.

You can also create modulated waveforms using the Run Mode Modulation menus. The following table shows the combination of modulation type and the shape of the output waveform.

Sine, Square, Ramp, Arb, Sin(x)/x, Gaussian, Lorentz, Exponential Rise, Exponential Decay, Haversine

AM √ FM √ PM √ FSK √ PWM √ Sweep √ Burst √√

NOTE. When the arbitrary/function generator outputs an Arb waveform, V of normalized waveform data.

When the arbitrary/function generator outputs Sin(x)/x, Gaussian, Lorentz, Exponential Rise, Exponential Decay, or Haversine, V

To select an output waveform, follow these steps:

1. To select a continuous sine waveform, push the front-panel Sine button and then push the Continuous button.

is defined as twice the value of 0 to peak value.

p-p

Pulse Noise, DC

of instrument setup indicates the V

p-p

value

2. You can directly select one of four standard waveforms from the front-panel Function buttons.

3. To select an arbitrary waveform, push the Arb button. See page 37 for output- ting an arbitrary waveform.

4. To select other standard waveforms such as Sin(x)/x, Noise, DC, or Gaussian, push the More... button, and then push the top bezel button.

28 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

5. These are waveform examples of

Sin(x)/x Noise

Gaussian

Haversine

Lorentz

Exponential DecayExponential Rise

Sin(x)/x and Noise.

6. These are waveform examples of DC

and Gaussian.

Getting Acquainted with Your Instrument

7. These are waveform examples of

Lorentz and Haversine.

8. These are waveform examples of

Exponential Rise and Exponential Decay.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Getting Acquainted with Your Instrument

Select Run Mode

Push one of the four Run Mode buttons to select the instrument signal output method.

1. The default Run Mode is Continuous.

To change waveform parameters, see page 31.

2. To select a modulated waveform, push the Modulation button.

See page 46 for details on modulating waveforms.

3. To select a sweep waveform, push the Sweep button.

See page 44 for details on sweeping waveforms.

4. To select a burst waveform, push the Burst button.

See page 42 for details on Burst mode.

30 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Adjust Waveform Parameters

Getting Acquainted with Your Instrument

When you turn on your instrument, the default output signal is a 1 MHz sine waveform with an amplitude of 1 V following example, you can change the frequency and amplitude of the original output signal.

1. Push the front-panel Default button to

display the default output signal.

2. To change frequency, push the

front-panel Frequency/Period shortcut button.

3. Frequency is now active. You can

change the value using the keypad and Units bezel menu, or you can change the value with the general purpose knob.

4. Push the Frequency/Period shortcut

button again to toggle the parameter to Period.

5. Next, change amplitude. Push the

Amplitude/High shortcut button.

. In the

p-p

6. Amplitude is now active. You can

change the value using the keypad and Units bezel menu, or you can change the value using the general purpose knob.

7. Push the Amplitude/High shortcut

button again to toggle the parameter to High Level.

You can change the values of Phase and Offset in the same way.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Getting Acquainted with Your Instrument

8. To change the amplitude units, push the -more- bezel button to display the second page.

9. Push the Units bezel button to display units selection bezel menu. By default,

is selected.

p-p

Quick Tip

The following conversion table shows the relationship between V

p-p

20.00 V

10.00 V

2.828 V

2.000 V

1.414 V

632 mV

283 mV

200 mV

10.0 mV

p-p

rms

7.07 V

3.54 V

1.00 V

707 mV

500 mV

224 mV

100 mV

70.7 mV

3.54 mV

rms

p-p

, V

, and dBm.

rms

dBm

+30.00 dBm

+23.98 dBm

+13.01 dBm

+10.00 dBm

+6.99 dBm

0.00 dBm

-6.99 dBm

-10.00 dBm

-36.02 dBm

32 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Channel Select (dual-channel model only)

Output

USB

Memory

USB

Memory

AFG

3102

1GS/s 100MHz

DUAL CHANNEL ARBITRARY/FUNCTION GENERATOR

InputOutput Output

Channel

TriggerTrigger

View

Ch2

Ch1

Run ModeFunction

Sine

Leading/TrailingDuty/Width

Sweep Burst

Edit

Utility

Save RecallMore...

Arb

Pulse

Ramp

Square

Continuous Modulation

Default

Help

Offset/Low

Frequency/Period Amplitude/High

Phase Delay

1. Push the front-panel Channel Select

button to control the screen display. You can toggle between the two channels.

NOTE. If you push the Channel Select button while you are in the Edit, Utility, Save, Recall, or Help menu, the screen display returns to the previous view. The channels do not toggle.

Output ON/OFF

1. To enable signal output, push the

front-panel Channel Output On button. The button is lit with an LED when it is in the On state.

Getting Acquainted with Your Instrument

You can configure the signal with the outputs off. This will allow you to minimize the chance of sending a problematic signal to a DUT.

2. (Dual-channel model only)

You can turn on or off the signal output for channel 1 and channel 2 independently.

You can enable one of the two channels or enable both of the two channels at any time.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Getting Acquainted with Your Instrument

120 VA

Chassis ground screw

Security slot

Rear Panel

The following illustration shows the rear panel connectors for the instrument.

EXT REF INPUT. This is a BNC connector for the external reference input. When you want to synchronize multiple

AFG3000 series arbitrary/function generators, or synchronize your arbitrary/function generator and another instrument, use the external reference input connector.

EXT REF OUTPUT. This is a BNC connector for the external reference output. When you want to synchronize multiple

AFG3000 series arbitrary/function generators, or synchronize your arbitrary/function generator and another instrument, use the external reference output connector.

ADD INPUT. The ADD INPUT connector is provided with AFG3101/AFG3102 and AFG3251/AFG3252. This connector

lets you add an external signal to the CH1 output signal.

EXT MODULATION INPUT (CH1 and CH2). The CH1 INPUT and CH2 INPUT are independent. The signal input level

of these connectors controls modulation parameters.

USB. Used to connect a USB controller. (Type B)

LAN. Used to connect the instrument to a network. Connect a 10BASE-T or 100BASE-T cable here.

GPIB. Used to control the instrument through GPIB commands.

Security Slot. Use a standard laptop computer security cable to secure your instrument to your location.

Chassis Ground Screw. The chassis ground screw is used to ground the instrument. Use a unified coarse screw

(#6-32, 6.35 mm length or less).

34 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Operating Basics

Generate a Pulse Waveform

Operating Basics

1. Push the front-panel Pulse button to

display the Pulse screen.

2. Push the Frequency/Period shortcut

button to select Frequency or Period.

3. Push the Duty/Width shortcut button

to toggle between Duty and Width.

4. Push the Leading/Trailing shortcut

button to toggle the parameters for Leading Edge and Trailing Edge.

Quick Tips

■ You can set Lead Delay. Push the Phase | Delay shortcut button to display the lead delay setting screen. You can also

select Lead Delay from the bezel menu.

■ The following formulas are applied to leading edge time, trailing edge time, pulse period, and pulse width of pulse

waveform:

■ Duty >50%

Maximum Leading Edge Time = MIN (0.625 * Pulse Period; 1.6 * (Pulse Period – Pulse Width) – Trailing Edge Time) Maximum Trailing Edge Time = MIN (0.625 * Pulse Period; 1.6 * (Pulse Period – Pulse Width) – Leading Edge Time)

■ Duty ≤50%

Maximum Leading Edge Time = MIN (0.625 * Pulse Period; 1.6 * Pulse Width – Trailing Edge Time) Maximum Trailing Edge Time = MIN (0.625 * Pulse Period; 1.6 * Pulse Width – Leading Edge Time)

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Operating Basics

Save/Recall Arbitrary Waveforms

You can save up to four arbitrary waveforms in the instrument internal memory. To save more waveforms, use a USB memory.

1. To recall or save an arbitrary waveform, push the front-panel Edit button to display the Edit menu.

2. Select Read from... to recall an arbitrary waveform.

3. The Read Waveform page is displayed.

4. To save waveforms, select Write to... to display the Write Waveform page.

5. If you save a waveform to a USB memory, a file with the extension TFW is saved.

6. You can also recall waveforms by pushing the front-panel Arb > Arb Wave form Menu bezel buttons.

VHY

VHY VHY VHY VHY

Quick Tips

■ Push the -more- bezel button in the Write to... submenu to display the Lock/Unlock and the Erase menu.

■ The Lock/Unlock function allows you to lock the file against accidental overwrite.

36 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Generate an Arbitrary Waveform

The arbitrary/function generator can output an arbitrary waveform that is stored in the internal memory or a USB memory.

1. Push the front-panel Arb button.

2. Push the Arb Waveform Menu bezel

button.

3. The Arb Waveform Menu is displayed. You can now browse a list of waveform files in the internal memory or USB memory.

Select Internal. You can specify a file from User 1 through User 4, or Edit Memory.

Use the front panel general purpose knob to scroll the files, then select a file and push OK.

Operating Basics

4. When USB is selected, the instrument lists a directory of the folders and files on the USB memory.

You can select a folder or file using the knob to scroll up and down the list. To open a folder, push the Change Direc- tory bezel button. To open a file, push

tfw tfw

tfw

tfw tfw tfw tfw

OK.

To return to the upper directory, first select the <Up Directory> icon, and then push the Change Directory bezel button.

Quick Tips

■ File names are displayed only in English characters. If you use non-English characters to name a file, these characters

are replaced by Roman symbols such as #, $, %.

■ Use the Write to... bezel menu in the Edit menu to copy a waveform file on the USB memory to the internal memory.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Operating Basics

Modify an Arbitrary Waveform (Edit Menu)

To modify an arbitrary waveform, use the Edit Menu.The Edit Menu supports several waveform edit functions, and provides import or storage of edited waveform data.

1. Push the front-panel Edit button to display the Edit Menu.

2. Select Number of Points to set the number of waveform points to be edited.

3. Select New to write a standard waveform to Edit memory. The written waveform has the number of points specified by Number of Points. One of five waveform types (Sine, Square, Ramp, Pulse, and Noise) can be selected.

4. Select Operation to display the Operations submenu.

5. Select Read from... to specify a memory location of waveform data from Internal or USB.

6. Push Operation to display the Operations submenu.

■ Push Line to display the Line edit

submenu.

■ Push Data to display the Data

Point edit submenu.

■ Push Cut to display the Cut Data

Points submenu.

7. Select Paste at Beginning to append a waveform at the beginning of the edit waveform.

Select Paste at End to append a waveform at the end of the edit waveform.

8. Select Write to... to display a submenu to write waveform data to.

38 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Arbitrary Waveform Edit Example 1

The following example shows how to use the Line edit function. Paste a ramp waveform before sine waveform:

Operating Basics

1. Select Number of Points to set the

number of waveform points to 1000 points.

2. Select New and then select Sine. Save

this waveform to User1.

For saving arbitrary waveforms, refer to page 36.

3. Next, create a 500 point ramp wave-

form.

4. Select Operation and select Line. Do

the following line edit:

■ X1: 1, Y1: 8191

■ X2: 250, Y2: 16382

Push Execute. Once again, select Line from Operation and perform the following line edit:

■ X1: 251, Y1: 16382

■ X2: 500, Y2: 8191

5. Push Execute. Save this waveform to

User2.

6. Next, paste a waveform. Push Read

from... and select User1.

7. Push Paste at Beginning. Select

User2 waveform and then select Paste.

8. The waveform shown here is created.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Operating Basics

Arbitrary Waveform Edit Example 2

The following example shows how to edit a waveform by data point. In this example, you can add a noise spike to the sine waveform.

1. Push Read from... and select User1.

2. Push the front-panel View button

to change the screen to Table display.

3. Push Operation and select Data.

4. Perform the following data point edit:

■ X: 250, Y: 8191

■ X: 251, Y: 8191

View

■ X: 750, Y: 8191

■ X: 751, Y: 8191

5. After each data edit, push Execute to implement the edit operation. Save this waveform to User3.

6. This is an example of an oscilloscope screen for the User3 waveform.

Quick Tips

■ If you edit an arbitrary waveform data while the instrument generates a waveform from Edit Memory, the edited data

will be automatically reflected to the generated waveform.

■ Push the front-panel View button in the Edit Menu to toggle between edit texts and graphical views.

40 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Generate Noise/DC

1. Push the front-panel More... button.

2. Push the More Waveform Menu bezel

button.

3. Select Noise.

4. You can set waveform parameters for

Noise. This is a sample of Gaussian Noise displayed on an oscilloscope screen.

Operating Basics

5. Push DC to display DC parameters.

Quick Tip

■ You cannot modulate or sweep noise or a DC waveform. See page 28.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Operating Basics

Generate a Burst Waveform

The arbitrary/function generator can output a burst using standard waveforms such as sine, square, ramp, and pulse, or arbitrary waveforms. The instrument allows you to use the following two types of burst modes:

Triggered Burst Mode. A specified number (burst count) of waveform cycles are output when the instrument receives a

trigger input from the internal trigger source, an external trigger source, a remote command, or the Manual Trigger button.

Gated Burst Mode. The instrument outputs a continuous waveform when an effective gate signal is applied externally,

when the Manual Trigger button is depressed, when a remote command is applied, or during 50% of the selected internal trigger interval.

To Generate a Triggered Burst Waveform

The following example describes how to generate a double pulse using the burst mode.

1. Select Pulse as an output waveform and then push the front-panel Burst button.

2. Confirm that 1-Cycle, N-Cycles, or Inf-Cycles is selected, which means

triggered burst mode is enabled.

To generate double pulse, set the burst count (N-Cycles) to 2.

3. This is an example of double pulse.

4. This waveform is a trigger output signal.

42 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Operating Basics

To Generate a Gated Burst Waveform

In the gated burst mode, the output is enabled or disabled based on the internal gate signal or an external signal applied to the front-panel Trigger Input connector. While the gate signal is true or the front-panel Manual Trigger button is pushed in, the instrument outputs a continuous waveform.

1. Push the front-panel Burst button to

display the burst menu.

2. Select Gate.

3. This is a sample oscilloscope screen.

The top waveform is a trigger output signal.

4. This is a gated waveform sample.

Quick Tips

■ The instrument provides the following three trigger sources for Burst mode:

■ Internal or external trigger signal

■ Manual trigger

■ Remote command

■ Once Gate is selected, burst count parameters are ignored.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Operating Basics

Stop Freq.

Start Freq.

Hold

Time

Center Freq.

Freq. Span

Frequency

Sweep

Return

Sweep a Waveform

The Sweep outputs a waveform with the output signal frequency varying linearly or logarithmically.

You can set the following parameters for Sweep:

■ Start frequency

■ Stop frequency

■ Sweep time

■ Return time

■ Center frequency

■ Frequency span

■ Hold time

1. Select a waveform and then push the front-panel Sweep button.

2. You can specify the start frequency, stop frequency, sweep time and return time from the sweep menu.

Return Time represents the amount of time from Stop Frequency to Start Frequency.

Push the -more- button to display the second sweep menu.

3. In this page, you can set the parameters for center frequency, frequency span, hold time and select the sweep type.

Hold time represents the amount of time that the frequency must remain stable after reaching the stop frequency.

Push the -more- button to display the second sweep menu.

44 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

4. In this page, you can select the sweep

mode (Repeat or Trigger) and trigger source.

5. This is a sample oscilloscope screen.

The top is a sample of a sweep waveform.

6. This is a trigger output signal.

Operating Basics

Quick Tips

■ For frequency sweep, you can select a sine, square, ramp, or arbitrary waveform. Pulse, DC, and Noise waveforms

cannot be selected.

■ Once the sweep is selected, the frequency is swept from the sweep start to the sweep stop frequencies.

■ If a start frequency is lower than a stop frequency, the instrument sweeps from the low frequency to the high frequency.

■ If a start frequency is higher than a stop frequency, the instrument sweeps from the high frequency to the low frequency.

■ If you want to return to the Sweep menu after selecting other menus, push the front-panel Sweep button again.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Operating Basics

Modulate a Waveform

To Output an AM Waveform

1. Select a waveform and then push the

front-panel Modulation button.

In this example, use sine waveform as an output waveform (carrier waveform).

2. Push the top bezel button to display the modulation selection menu.

Select AM as the modulation type.

3. Select modulation source.

4. Set modulation frequency.

5. Select modulation shape.

6. Set modulation depth.

7. This is an example amplitude modula-

tion waveform displayed on an oscilloscope screen.

Quick Tips

■ You can output frequency modulation or phase modulation waveforms in the same way.

■ You cannot select Pulse, Noise, or DC as a carrier waveform.

46 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Operating Basics

AM: Output(Vp-p)=

2.2

-------- 1

100

----------2πfmt()sin+

⎝⎠

⎛⎞

2πfct()sin

FM: Output(Vp-p)=A 2π fc D 2πfmt()sin+()t()sin

PM: Output(Vp-p)=A 2πfct 2π

360

----------2πfmt()sin+

⎝⎠

⎛⎞

sin

■ You can select an internal or external signal as an AM source. If you select an external source and set the modulation

depth to 120%, the output will be at the maximum amplitude when a ±1 V

signal is applied to the rear panel EXT

p-p

MODULATION INPUT connector.

■ You can select a modulation shape from the internal memory or USB memory.

■ The following equations show the output amplitude of AM, FM, and PM modulation (in this example, sine waveform is

used for carrier waveform and modulation waveform):

Carrier amplitude A [V

p-p

]

Carrier frequency fc [Hz]

Modulation frequency fm [Hz]

Time t [sec]

AM Modulation depth M [%]

FM Deviation D [Hz]

PM Deviation P [degree]

■ The following table shows relationship between modulation depth and maximum amplitude for AM modulation waveform

(internal modulation source is selected):

Depth Maximum amplitude

120% A (V

100% A (V

50% A (V

0% A (V

)

p-p

) * 0.909

p-p

) * 0.682

p-p

) * 0.455

p-p

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Operating Basics

To Output an FSK Waveform

Frequency Shift Keying modulation is a modulation technique that shifts the output signal frequency between two frequencies: the carrier frequency and Hop frequency.

1. Follow the steps described on page 46 to display the modulation type selection submenu.

In this example, select FSK as the modulation type.

2. The FSK parameter setting screen is displayed.

Select Internal or External as FSK source.

3. If you select Internal, you can set the FSK Rate.

If you select External, the FSK Rate is ignored.

4. Set Hop Frequency.

Carrier waveform frequency shifts to the Hop frequency with the specified FSK rate, and then returns to the original frequency.

Quick Tip

■ The AFG3000 series instruments generate a phase continuous FSK signal.

48 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

To Output a PWM Waveform

Follow these steps to output a PWM waveform.

1. Push the front-panel Pulse button, and

then push the Pulse Parameter Menu bezel button to display the pulse parameter setting screen.

2. Push the front-panel Modulation

button to display the PWM parameter setting screen.

Select the PWM source.

3. Set the PWM frequency.

Operating Basics

4. Select the Modulation Shape.

5. Set the Deviation (pulse width devia-

tion).

Quick Tip

■ Refer to page 77 for an application example of pulse-width modulation.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Operating Basics

Tri gg er O ut

The Trigger Output signal of the arbitrary/function generator is linked to run mode and function selected in CH1, if your instrument is a dual-channel model.

1. Connect the front-panel Trig ger Output connector and the external

trigger input connector of the oscilloscopes. The Trigger Output connector provides the trigger signal for oscilloscopes.

2. Continuous mode: The trigger output is a square waveform and the rising edge at the start of each waveform period.

When an output frequency is higher than 4.9 MHz, some restrictions are applied. See the Quick Tips below.

3. Sweep mode: When the Repeat or Trigg er sweep mode and internal trigger source are selected, the trigger output is a square waveform and the rising edge at the start of each sweep.

4. Modulation mode: When internal modulation source is selected, the trigger output is a square waveform of the same frequency as the modulating signal.

When an external modulation source is selected, the trigger output is disabled.

50 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Operating Basics

5. Burst Mode:

When internal trigger source is selected, the trigger output is a square waveform and the rising edge at the start of each burst period.

When an external trigger source is selected, the trigger output is high

during the time the trigger input is high.

Quick Tips

■ When a setting frequency of an output waveform is higher than 4.9 MHz, a divided frequency that is lower than 4.9 MHz

is output from the Trigger Out. See the table below:

Set frequency of output waveform (MHz) Trigger output frequency (MHz)

〜 4.900 000 000 00 Fs

4.900 000 000 01 to 14.700 000 000 0 Fs/3

14.700 000 000 1 to 24.500 000 000 0 Fs/5

24.500 000 000 1 to 34.300 000 000 0 Fs/7

34.300 000 000 1 to 44.100 000 000 0 Fs/9

44.100 000 000 1 to 50.000 000 000 0 Fs/11

50.000 000 000 1 〜 No signal

1. Fs represents setting frequency of output waveform.

NOTE. The Trigger Out signal cannot be output when the instrument outputs a continuous signal higher than 50 MHz.

NOTE. When the instrument outputs a modulation waveform, Trigger Output signal cannot be output if you select External

as the modulation source.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Operating Basics

Adjusting Parameters of Two Channel Signals (dual-channel model only)

Phase

The AFG3000 series uses phase continuous method to change frequency. When you change a frequency of a channel, it will affect the phase relationship between the two channels.

For example, the instrument is generating a 5 MHz sine waveform for both CH1 and CH2 and the phase is adjusted between the two channels. If you change the CH2 frequency to 10 MHz and then return it to 5 MHz, the CH2 phase does not return to its initial condition. To adjust the phase relationship between the two channels, you need to stop signal generation and restart it. The instrument provides a function called "Align Phase" to adjust the phase relationship.

1. In this example, a 5 MHz continuous sine waveform is used. Confirm that both phases are set to 0 degrees.

2. Change the CH1 frequency to 10 MHz, and then back to 5 MHz. In this state, the CH2 phase does not return to its initial condition.

3. To align the phase of two channel signals, push the Align Phase bezel button.

4. When you push the Align Phase but- ton, the instrument will stop the signal generation, adjust the phases of both channels, and automatically restart the signal generation.

52 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Amplitude

To set the CH1 amplitude and CH2 amplitude to the same level, follow these steps:

1. Push the front-panel Amplitude/High

shortcut button.

2. Push the -more- bezel button.

3. Page two of Amplitude/Level Menu is

displayed.

You can set the CH1 and CH2 amplitude to the same level by selecting On in the second bezel menu from the top.

Operating Basics

Frequency (Period)

To set the CH1 frequency and CH2 frequency to the same value, follow these steps:

1. Push the front-panel Frequency/Period

shortcut button to display the Frequency/Period Parameter Menu.

2. You can set the CH1 and CH2 frequency

to the same value by selecting On in the third bezel menu from the top.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Operating Basics

Set up Load Impedance

The output impedance of the AFG3000 series is 50 Ω. If you connect a load other than 50 Ω, the displayed Amplitude, Offset, and High/Low values are different from the output voltage. To make the displayed values same as output voltage, you need to set load impedance. To set the load impedance, use the Output menu.

1. Push the front-panel Top Menu button, and then push the Output Menu bezel button. The Output Menu is displayed.

2. Push Load Impedance to display the Load Impedance submenu.

3. To adjust the load impedance, select Load.

4. You can set the load impedance to any

value from 1 Ω to 10 kΩ.

5. When the load impedance is set to other than 50 Ω, the set value is dis- played in the output status.

Quick Tips

■ The load impedance is applied to the amplitude, offset, and high/low level settings.

■ When dBm is specified for output amplitude units, the amplitude units setting is automatically changed to V

select high impedance.

if you

54 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Invert Waveform Polarity

To invert a waveform polarity, use the Output menu. The following example shows how to get a differential signal using the invert function of dual channel model:

Operating Basics

1. Select the CH1 waveform.

2. Push the front-panel Frequency/Period

button.

3. Push the Frequency bezel button to

set the CH1 frequency.

4. Select the third bezel button from the

top to set the two channel frequencies to the same value.

5. Push the front-panel Channel Select

button to select CH2.

6. Push the Output Menu > Invert bezel

buttons to invert the CH2 waveform.

7. Push the front-panel CH1 Output On

button to enable the output.

8. You can get a differential signal.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Operating Basics

Add Noise

To add the internal noise signal to a waveform, use the Output menu.

1. Push the front-panel Sine > Continuous button to display the Sine wave-

form screen in this example.

2. Follow the steps described on page 54 to display the Output Menu. To add noise to a sine waveform, push Noise.

3. The Noise Add submenu is displayed. Push Noise Add to select On.

4. To adjust the noise level, push Noise Level. Use the general purpose knob

or the numeric pad to enter the value.

5. This is a waveform before adding noise.

6. This is a waveform after adding noise.

To avoid overflow by noise addition, the amplitude of the output signal is automatically halved.

Quick Tips

■ An internal noise generator (digital) is used to add noise.

■ CH1 and CH2 noise signals are non-correlating.

■ The Output Status (see page 24) is changed from Output Off to Noise when you push the front-panel Channel Output

button to enable the output.

NOTE. When you set Noise Add to On, the amplitude of output signal is reduced to 50%.

56 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Add Signal (AFG3100 and AFG3200 Series)

120 VA

The AFG3101/AFG3102 and AFG3251/AFG3252 rear panel ADD INPUT connector allows you to add an external signal to the CH1 output signal.

1. Connect an external signal source to

the rear panel ADD INPUT connector.

2. Push the front-panel Top Menu

button, and then push the Output

Menu bezel button.

3. Push External Add to select On.

Operating Basics

4. The following is an example of adding

noise as an external signal. The upper waveform is an external signal.

5. The bottom waveform is a square

waveform before adding external signal.

6. This is an example of square waveform

after adding external signal (noise).

Quick Tip

■ The Output Status (see page 24) is changed from Output Off to Ext Add when you push the front-panel CH1 Output

button to enable the output.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Operating Basics

Generating a Differential Signal

A dual-channel instrument can be used to generate a differential signal by programming CH2 to output the complement of CH1. The CH2 settings can be configured conveniently by using the CH1 Complement function.

1. After setting the CH1 waveform parameters, push the front-panel Channel

CH2

CH1

select button to select CH2.

2. Push the front-panel Top Menu button, and then push the Output Menu bezel button.

3. Push the CH1 Complement bezel button.

4. The CH2 waveshape and timing parameters are copied from CH1, and the CH2 amplitude settings are inverted from CH1.

NOTE. When CH1 is selected in the AFG310x or AFG325x series instrument, the instrument displays External Add Off/On in the Output menu.

58 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

External Reference Clock (Except AFG3021B and AFG3022B)

120 VA

1. The external reference input (EXT REF

INPUT) and the external reference

output (EXT REF OUTPUT) connectors are provided on the AFG3000 series rear panel.

2. The instrument can use the internal or

external signal as a reference signal.

To select a reference signal, push the front-panel Utility button and then push the System bezel button.

3. Push the Clock Ref bezel menu button

to toggle between Internal and External.

Operating Basics

Quick Tips

■ The external reference Input and Output connectors are used for synchronizing multiple AFG3000 series instruments.

Refer to page 60 for synchronous operation.

■ The arbitrary/function generator can use the internal source or an external source as a reference signal. When the

internal reference is activated, a 10 MHz reference signal is output on the rear panel EXT REF OUT connector. This output signal synchronizes other devices to the arbitrary/function generator.

■ When the external reference input is activated, the rear panel EXT REF INPUT connector is used as the input for an

external reference signal. The arbitrary/function generator is synchronized by this external reference signal.

■ The EXT REF OUTPUT connector is not provided with the AFG3021B and AFG3022B.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Operating Basics

Master

Slave

Trigger Output – Trigger Input

EXT REF OUT – EXT REF IN (rear panel)

Synchronous Operation (Except AFG3021B and AFG3022B)

To synchronize multiple arbitrary/function generators, use the Utility menu. Some documentation may also refer to the synchronous operation as master-slave operation.

1. Use a BNC cable to connect the front-panel Trigger Outp ut of one instrument (master) to the Trigger Input of another unit (slave).

The master unit sends a trigger signal to the slave unit.

2. Connect the rear panel EXT REF OUT (master) and EXT REF IN (slave) with another BNC cable.

The master clock and the slave clock are synchronized.

3. Push the front-panel Utility button of the master unit to display the System menu.

4. Sets the following:

■ Trigger Out – Sync

■ Clock Ref – Internal

5. Set the slave instrument:

Display the System menu, and then push the Clock Ref bezel button to select External.

6. Select Burst as the Run Mode for both the master and the slave instrument.

To synchronize two instruments, you must stop running output signals once before triggering using the Burst mode.

60 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

7. Select the trigger source of the slave

unit.

Push the -more- bezel button in the Burst mode to display the second page.

8. Push the Source bezel button to select

External.

Confirm that Internal is selected in the master and External is selected in the slave for Source.

9. This screen shows signal outputs by

master-slave operation. The top waveform is the signal of the master unit.

10. When one meter long cables are used,

the slave signal(s) delays approximately 40 ns.

Operating Basics

11. To make the delay between the master

and slave 0 (zero), set Delay of the master unit.

12. The screen shows waveforms after

setting the delay to the master unit. The top waveform is master and the two bottom waveforms are slaves.

Quick Tip

■ To output continuous waveforms by synchronous operation, select External as the trigger source for the master unit to

stop signal generation. Select Inf-Cycles as the burst count for both master and slave units. Change the trigger source of the master unit to Internal to restart the signal generation.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Operating Basics

USB Memory

A USB memory connector is provided with all the Tektronix AFG3000 Series Arbitrary/Function Generators to allow you to perform the following tasks:

■ Save or recall user-defined waveforms to/from a USB memory

■ Save or recall setups to/from files on a USB memory

■ Update your arbitrary/function generator firmware

■ Save a screen image

CAUTION. Do not remove USB memory while writing or reading data. It may cause data loss and the USB memory may be damaged.

When you attach a USB memory to the instrument, a caution message appears on the screen. Do not remove the USB memory until the message disappears.

If you remove the USB memory while this caution message is displayed, it may cause damage to the instrument.

For further information on saving/recalling user-defined waveforms, see page 36. For saving/recalling instrument setups, see page 65. For updating your arbitrary/function generator, see page 15.

Quick Tips

■ Use a USB memory with cross section smaller than 20 mm x 12 mm to connect to the AFG3000 series front panel USB

connector. To connect a larger USB memory, use an extension cord.

■ The AFG3000 series instruments support a USB memory with a FAT12, FAT16, or FAT32 file system.

NOTE. Emissions may exceed the specification limit if a USB cable is placed in the front-panel USB memory connector. Use only appropriate USB memory devices.

62 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Utility Menu

Push the front-panel Utility button to display the Utility menu. The Utility menu provides access to utilities used by the instrument such as I/O interface, system related menus, diagnostics/calibration, and local language preferences.

1. Push the front-panel Utility button to

display the Utility menu.

2. For I/O interface, see page 18.

3. For language selection, see page 11.

4. For System related menus, see step 6

and step 10.

Operating Basics

5. Push the Status bezel button to dis-

play the instrument status.

6. Push the System bezel button to display

the System submenu.

For Trigger Out, see page 50.

For synchronous operation, see page 60.

7. For Reference Clock, see page 59.

8. You can select the instrument

power-on settings.

9. Executing the Secure function will

erase all data except Mac Address, calibration data, and the instrument serial number.

10. Push the -more- button to display the

second page. Push Contrast to adjust the screen contrast.

11. Push Screen Saver to toggle the

screen saver Off and On.

12. Push Click Tone to toggle the click

tone Off and On.

13. Push Beeper to toggle the beep sound

Off and On.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Operating Basics

14. Push the front-panel button to return to the previous menu. Push the

-more- button to display the second page.

For Diagnostics and Calibration, see page 10.

15. For Backup/Restore, see step 17.

16. You can copy the waveform parameter

of one channel to another channel.

17. Push the Backup/Restore bezel button to display the Backup/Restore submenu.

In this menu, you can back up a waveform data from internal memory to USB memory, or restore a waveform data from USB memory to internal memory.

18. Return to the Utility main menu. Push the -more- bezel button to display the third page. On this page, you can execute the instrument firmware update. See page 15.

19. For Security Menu, see page 67.

64 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Save/Recall Instrument Setup

You can save setups of the arbitrary/function generator as files in the internal memory or in an external USB memory. You can recall the stored setups from a file in the internal memory or in a USB memory.

1. Push the front-panel Save button to

display the Save Menu.

2. To specify a memory location, select

Internal or USB. In this example,

select USB.

Use the general purpose knob to scroll files. Push Save to save a setting.

3. You can save a setup as a new file if

you specify USB. Push Save As.

4. You can enter a file name in this

screen. Use the general purpose knob to select a character. Push the Enter Character bezel button or the front-panel Enter key to enter the char- acter.

Operating Basics

5. To recall a setup, push the front-panel

Recall button.

6. Select a memory location (Internal or

USB), and then push the Recall bezel

button.

Quick Tips

■ You can lock a setup file to avoid accidental overwrite. When a memory location is locked, a lock key icon will appear on

the screen. To lock or unlock a setup file, push the Lock/Unlock bezel button.

■ To erase a file, push the Erase bezel button.

■ Output state is Off by default after reading a setup file.

■ If you save a setup to a USB memory, a file with the extension TFS is saved.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Operating Basics

Saving a Screen Image

You can save a screen image of the arbitrary/function generator to a USB memory. Do the following steps:

1. Insert a USB memory to the front-panel USB connector.

2. Set the display to show the screen you want to save as image. Then simultaneously push the two arrow keys underneath the rotary knob on the front panel.

3. A message appears on the screen, indicating that the screen image was saved.

4. Push OK.

Quick Tips

■ Image files are saved in a folder named "TEK" in the USB memory.

■ Image files are saved as .BMP format. The arbitrary/function generator gives all files created by the instrument the

default name TEK00nnn.BMP, where the nnn are placeholders for an automatic number sequence from 000 to 999.

66 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Using the Security Menu

Use the Security menu to limit access to the following menus:

■ Firmware update

■ Service menu (Refer to the service manual for information about the service menu.)

Access Protection

The access protection is set to Off by default. To turn the access protection on, do the following steps:

1. Push the front-panel Utility button to

display the Utility menu, and then push the -more- bezel button twice.

Operating Basics

2. Select Security Menu.

3. Select Access Protection to display the

password input page.

4. Enter your password. Use the general

purpose knob to select the characters and push the Enter Character bezel button after each selection.

As you enter the characters of your password, they are displayed as a series of asterisks (*******) on the password input page.

If no specific password has been previously defined, use the default password DEFAULT.

5. Select OK to turn the access protection

on.

NOTE. When Access Protection is on, the Change Password bezel button is disabled.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Operating Basics

Changing the Password

Before the password is changed for the first time, the default password is DEFAULT. To change the password, do the following steps:

1. Select Security Menu from the Utility menu.

2. If the Access Protection is set to On, turn it off using the Access Protection menu. Otherwise, skip to step 3.

3. Select Change Password to display the password input page.

4. Enter your current password.

Use the general purpose knob to select the characters and push the Enter Character bezel button after each selection. Then select OK to display the New Password input page.

5. Enter a new password.

As you enter the characters of your new password, they are displayed on the screen. Check carefully to ensure you are entering the desired characters.

6. Select OK to activate the new password.

Note. A password must have at least four

characters, and not more than12 characters.

Quick Tip

■ Use the front-panel general purpose knob to select a character when you enter a password, and then push the Enter

Character bezel button. You can also use the front-panel numeric keypad and the Enter button.

NOTE. To activate or deactivate the access protection, you must enter the password you set. If you forget the password, you must return the instrument to Tektronix to reset the password.

68 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

ArbExpress

ArbExpress is a Windows-based software for creating and editing waveforms for Tektronix AWG and AFG instruments. With ArbExpress you can quickly and conveniently create the desired waveforms and send them to AFG3000 Series Arbitrary/Function Generators.

The following table and list describe the system requirements and general features.

System requirements

OS Supported Windows XP Professional

Minimum PC Requirements Pentium III 800 MHz and higher

TekVISA Version 2.03, build 97 or above

Operating Basics

or Windows 2000 or Windows 98/Me or Windows NT

256 MB RAM 300 MB free hard disk Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.01 and higher .NET Framework 1.1 Redistributable 800 x 600 Display resolution

■ Create waveforms from standard waveform templates

■ Modify and transfer waveforms to perform DUT level tests

■ Directly import waveforms from Tektronix oscilloscopes

■ Send waveforms to AWG/AFG instruments directly from ArbExpress or MATLAB

■ Math operations on waveforms

NOTE. You can use ArbExpress to transfer waveform data to the AFG3000 series instrument. When you transfer waveform data (.tfw file), any part of the waveform outside of allowed limits in the AFG3000 series will be automatically converted to

be within the allowed range.

The following pages contain the screen interface and basic operating procedures for using ArbExpress. For more information on ArbExpress, refer to the ArbExpress online help.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Operating Basics

Toolbar

Menu bar

Shortcut view

Status bar

Marker area

Waveform display area

Screen Interface

Menu bar. The menu bar provides access to the application functions. When you select a menu item, the application dis-

plays the associated dialog box or the menu selection causes an immediate action.

Toolbar. The toolbar buttons provide instant access to most features without having to navigate through several menus.

Shortcut view. The Shortcut view occupies the left part of the display. Use the Shortcut view to quickly access various

functions provided by the application. Refer to the ArbExpress online help for more information.

Status bar. The status bar, located below the waveform and marker display, shows information about the application and

the waveform.

Waveform display area. When you create or open a waveform, it will be displayed in this area.

Marker area. Marker patterns appear in this area. You can toggle the display of markers by selecting Display > Marker

from the menu bar.

70 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Operating Basics

Basic Operations

The following steps explain basic waveform creation and other useful functions that are available with ArbExpress.

1. To create a new waveform, use the File

menu.

2. Blank sheet opens a blank sheet in the

window with 1024 points waveform length. You can change the number of points using Properties... from the Waveform menu.

3. Use the Standard Waveform dialog box

to create any of the standard waveforms that are available. Use Settings to select a desired waveform and instrument type.

4. Use Vertical to set the waveform verti-

cal parameters.

5. Use Horizontal to set the waveform

horizontal parameters.

6. Click Preview to view the waveform.

7. You can also use the Equation Editor to

create a waveform. The application provides a set of sample equations that you can directly use or modify.

8. Use Command List to select the com-

mands, functions, units, and operations.

9. Use Preview to view the waveform

after the equation is compiled.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Operating Basics

10. You can also use a waveform math tool.

From the Math menu, select Waveform Math... to display the Waveform Math dialog box.

11. Select a math source from Waveform Library. Select Noise in this example.

12. Calculation results are displayed in the Resultant Waveform pane. This is an example of adding noise to a square waveform.

13. You can remotely control Tektronix AWG/AFG instruments using ArbExpress.

From the Communication menu, select AWG/AFG File Transfer & Control... to display the dialog box.

14. Connected instruments are listed on the Arb List.

15. The Instrument Control pane appears only when an instrument is connected, otherwise it is hidden.

72 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Operating Basics

Using CSV Format Waveform Data with AFG3000 Series

ArbExpress allows you to convert a CSV (Comma Separated Value) format file, which is created by Microsoft Excel, to waveform data that is compatible with the AFG3000 series.

1. Create a CSV file to use with ArbEx-

press.

2. Enter point or time to this column.

3. Enter data to this column.

When you open a CSV file, a dialog box may appear to confirm the CSV file format.

4. This is an example of ArbExpress wave-

form display area after recalling CSV data.

5. Save the waveform as the .tfw format.

Copy the waveform data to a USB memory and load the waveform in the AFG3000 series.

6. The AFG3000 series outputs recalled

waveform data. This is an example of the oscilloscope screen.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Operating Basics

74 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Application Examples

This section contains a series of application examples. These simplified examples highlight the features of the arbitrary/function generator and give you ideas for using it to solve your own test problems.

Lissajous Patterns

Use the AFG3000 series dual-channel model to create a Lissajous pattern and observe the waveforms with an oscilloscope.

1. Connect the CH1 and CH2 Outputs of

the dual-channel arbitrary/function generator and the CH1 and CH2 Inputs of an oscilloscope with BNC cables. Set the waveform parameters as follows:

■ Sine (Continuos)

■ Amplitude: 1 V

■ CH1 Frequency: 400 kHz

Application Examples

■ CH2 Frequency: 500 kHz

2. Set the oscilloscope display format to

XY. Adjust the amplitude so that the waveform is shown in the graticule.

A Lissajous pattern is displayed.

3. Use the general purpose knob on the

arbitrary/function generator to change the phase of CH1 or CH2. Observe that the Lissajous pattern changes shape.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Application Examples

AFG3000 series

Oscilloscope

Filter

Measurement of Filter Characteristics

Use the arbitrary/function generator sweep function to observe the frequency characteristics of the 50 Ω filter.

1. Connect the CH1 output of the arbitrary/function generator and an oscilloscope CH1 input with a BNC cable.

2. Connect the Trigger Output of the arbitrary/function generator and the external trigger input connector of an oscilloscope.

Set the oscilloscope input impedance to 50 Ω..

3. Select Sweep from Run Mode of the arbitrary/function generator and set the start frequency, stop frequency, and sweep time so that the waveform is shown in the graticule.

You can measure the frequency characteristics of the filter by sweep time and the oscilloscope time base.

76 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Motor Speed Control by Pulse-Width Modulation

AFG3000 Series

DUT (example: Motor)

Pulse-width modulation is used for controlling the speed of a DC motor or the luminance of an LED (Light Emitting Diode). Use the arbitrary/function generator PWM function to control the DC motor speed.

1. Connect the arbitrary/function genera-

tor output and a DUT using a BNC-to-alligator clip adapter.

2. Select Pulse as an output waveform

and then select PWM as a modulation type.

Set the frequency to approximately 100 kHz.

Application Examples

3. Connect the output to an oscilloscope.

Confirm that a pulse-width modulation waveform is displayed on the oscilloscope screen.

Select Pulse Duty and change the duty rate. Observe that the motor speed changes if you change the duty rate.

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Application Examples

Carrier Null (Frequency Modulation)

Use the arbitrary/function generator and spectrum analyzer to observe a carrier waveform of frequency modulation.

1. Select Sine as an output waveform and then select FM as the modulation type.

2. Set the waveform parameters as follows:

■ Carrier frequency: 1 MHz

■ Modulation frequency: 2 kHz

3. Change Deviation.

Set the deviation to 4.8096 kHz. It makes the carrier waveform null. Confirm that the carrier null can be observed on the spectrum analyzer.

78 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Specifications

This section contains the specifications for the AFG3000 Series Arbitrary/Function Generators. All specifications are guaranteed unless noted as “typical”. Typical specifications are provided for your convenience but are not guaranteed. Specifications that are marked with ✔ symbol are checked in Performance Verification section of the service manual, an optional accessory.

All specifications apply to the arbitrary/function generator unless noted otherwise. These specifications are valid under three conditions:

■ The arbitrary/function generator must have been calibrated/adjusted at an ambient temperature between +20 °C and

+30 °C.

■ The arbitrary/function generator must have been operating continuously for 20 minutes within the specified operating

temperature range.

■ The instrument must be in an environment with temperature, altitude, and humidity with the operating limits described

in these specifications.

Electrical (except AFG3011)

Specifications

Operating Mode

Run Mode Continuous, Modulation, Sweep, and Burst

Burst Count 1 to 1,000,000 cycles or Infinite Internal Trigger Rate 1.000 μs to 500.0 s

Waveforms

Standard Sine, Square, Pulse, Ramp, More (Sin(x)/x, Noise, DC, Gaussian, Lorentz, Exponen-

tial Rise, Exponential Decay, and Haversine)

Arbitrary Waveform AFG3021B/AFG3022B AFG3101/AFG3102 AFG3251/AFG3252

Waveform Length 2 to 131,072 2 to

16,384

Sampling Rate 250MS/s 1GS/s 250MS/s 2GS/s 250MS/s

Resolution 14 bits

Non-volatile Waveform Memor y 4

Frequency AFG3021B/AFG3022B AFG3101/AFG3102 AFG3251/AFG3252

Sine Square 1 μHz to 12.5 MHz 1 μHz to 50 MHz 1 μHz to 120 MHz

Pulse 1 mHz to 12.5 MHz 1 mHz to 50 MHz 1 mHz to 120 MHz

Ramp, Sin(x)/x, Gaussian, Lorentz, Exponential Rise, Exponential Decay, Haversine

Arbitrary

1 μHz to 25 MHz 1 μHz to 100 MHz 1 μHz to 240 MHz

1 μHz to 250 kHz 1 μHz to 1 MHz 1 μHz to 2.4 MHz

1 mHz to 12.5 MHz 1 mHz to 50 MHz 1 mHz to 120 MHz

>16,384 to 131,072

2 to 16,384

>16,384 to 131,072

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Specifications

Waveforms (cont.)

Phase (except DC, Noise, Pulse)

Lead Delay (Pulse)

Amplitude (50 Ω) AFG3021B/AFG3022B AFG3101/AFG3102 AFG3251/AFG3252

DC Offset (50 Ω) AFG3021B/AFG3022B AFG3101/AFG3102 AFG3251/AFG3252

Internal Noise Add

1. Triggered/Gated Burst Mode:

2. Triggered/Gated Burst Mode:

3. Resolution: 0.01° (sine), 0.1° (other standard waveforms)

4. AFG3021B/AFG3022B: 20 mV

5. AFG3251/AFG3252 (frequency range: >200 MHz to 240 MHz): 50 mV

6. dBm is used only for sine waveform. V

7. AFG3021B/AFG3022B and AFG3101/AFG3102: ±10 V

8. AFG3021B/AFG3022B and AFG3101/AFG3102: Add 0.5 mV per °C for operation outside the range of 20 °C to 30 °C.

Resolution 1 μHz or 12 digits ✔Accuracy (Stability) ±1 ppm, 0 °C to 50 °C (except Arb)

±1 ppm ±1 μHz, 0 °C to 50 °C (Arb)

Accuracy (Aging) ±1 ppm/year

Range

–180.00° to +180.00°

Range (Continuous Mode) 0 ps to Period

Range (Triggered/Gated

0 ps to Period – [Pulse Width + 0.8 * (Leading Edge Time + Trailing Edge Time)]

Burst Mode)

Resolution 10 ps or 8 digits

4, 5

Range

10 mV

to 10 V

p-p

20 mV

to 10 V

p-p

✔Accuracy ±(1% of setting +1 mV) (1 kHz sine waveform, 0 V offset, >10 mV

Resolution 0.1 mV

Units

p-p

, 0.1 mV

p-p

, V

, dBm, and Volt (High Level and Low Level)

rms

, 1 mV, 0.1 dBm or 4 digits

rms

Output Impedance 50 Ω

Isolation 42 V

Range

✔Accuracy

maximum to earth

±5 Vpk ac + dc into 50 Ω ±5 V dc into 50 Ω ±2.5 V dc into 50 Ω

±(1% of |setting| +5 mV + 0.5% of amplitude (V

p-p

))

Resolution 1 mV

Range 0.0% to 50% of amplitude setting (V

) of signal waveform

p-p

Resolution 1%

AFG3021B/AFG3022B, 1 AFG3101/AFG3102, 1 AFG3251/AFG3252, 1

AFG3021B/AFG3022B, 1 mHz to 6.25 MHz AFG3101/AFG3102, 1 mHz to 25 MHz AFG3251/AFG3252, 1 mHz to 60 MHz

AFG3101/AFG3102: 40 mV AFG3251/AFG3252: 100 mV

AFG3251/AFG3252: ±5 V dc into open circuit load

AFG3251/AFG3252: Add 2.0 mV per °C for operation outside the range of 20 °C to 30 °C.

μHz to 12.5 MHz μHz to 50 MHz μHz to 120 MHz

to 20 V

p-p

to 20 V

p-p

to 10 V

p-p

into open circuit load

p-p

into open circuit load

p-p

into open circuit load

p-p

to 4 V

p-p

is not available for Arb and Noise waveforms.

rms

ac + dc into open circuit load

into 50 Ω, 100 mV

p-p

to 8 V

50 mV

p-p

to 5 V

p-p

amplitude)

p-p

into open circuit load

p-p

80 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Specifications

Output Characteristics

Sine Wave AFG3021B/AFG3022B AFG3101/AFG3102 AFG3251/AFG3252

✔Flatness

<5 MHz: ±0.15 dB

(at 1.0 V

amplitude (+4 dBm),

p-p

relative to 100 kHz)

✔Harmonic Distortion

(at 1.0 V

p-p

✔Total Harmonic Distortion (at 1 V

✔Spurious (at 1 V

p-p

(nonharmonic)

p-p

amplitude)

≥5 MHz to 20 MHz: ±0.3 dB

≥20 MHz to 25 MHz: ±0.5 dB

10 Hz to 20 kHz: <–70 dBc ≥20 kHz to 1 MHz:

<–60 dBc ≥1 MHz to 10 MHz:

<–50 dBc ≥10 MHz to 25 MHz:

<–40 dBc

10 Hz to 20 kHz: <0.2%

10 Hz to 1 MHz: <–60 dBc ≥1 MHz to 25 MHz:

<–50 dBc

≥5 MHz to 25 MHz: ±0.3 dB

≥25 MHz to 100 MHz: ±0.5 dB

10 Hz to 1 MHz: <–60 dBc ≥1 MHz to 5 MHz:

<–50 dBc ≥5 MHz to 100 MHz:

<–37 dBc

10 Hz to 1 MHz: <–60 dBc ≥1 MHz to 25 MHz:

<–50 dBc

≥5 MHz to 25 MHz: ±0.3 dB

≥25 MHz to 100 MHz: ±0.5 dB

≥100 MHz to 200 MHz: ±1.0 dB

≥200 MHz to 240 MHz: ±2.0 dB

10 Hz to 1 MHz: <–60 dBc ≥1 MHz to 5 MHz:

<–50 dBc ≥5 MHz to 25 MHz:

<–37 dBc ≥25 MHz to 240 MHz:

<–30 dBc

10 Hz to 1 MHz: <–50 dBc ≥1 MHz to 25 MHz:

<–47 dBc

Phase Noise, typical (at 1 V

amplitude)

p-p

Residual Clock Noise,

≥25 MHz to 100 MHz: –50dBc + 6dBc/oct

20 MHz: <–110 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz offset

–63dBm –57dBm –57dBm

≥25 MHz to 240 MHz: –47dBc + 6dBc/oct

typical

Square Wave AFG3021B/AFG3022B AFG3101/AFG3102 AFG3251/AFG3252

✔Rise Time/Fall Time ≤ 18 ns ≤ 5ns ≤ 2.5 ns

Jitter (rms), typical 500 ps 200 ps 100 ps

Pulse AFG3021B/AFG3022B AFG3101/AFG3102 AFG3251/AFG3252

Pulse Width 30 ns to 999.99 s 8 ns to 999.99 s 4 ns to 999.99 s

Resolution 10 ps or 5 digits

Pulse Duty 0.001% to 99.999%

Leading Edge/Trailing Edge 18 ns to 0.625 * Pulse

Per iod

5 ns to 0.625 * Pulse Per iod

2.5 ns to 0.625 * Pulse Per iod

Resolution 10 ps or 4 digits

Overshoot, typical <5%

Jitter (rms), typical 500 ps 200 ps 100 ps

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Specifications

Output Characteristics (cont.)

Ramp AFG3021B/AFG3022B AFG3101/AFG3102 AFG3251/AFG3252

Noise AFG3021B/AFG3022B AFG3101/AFG3102 AFG3251/AFG3252

Arbitrary AFG3021B/AFG3022B AFG3101/AFG3102 AFG3251/AFG3252

1. Exclude harmonics and channel crosstalk.

2. Frequency: 1 kHz, Amplitude: 1 V

Modulation

AM (Amplitude Modulation)

FM (Frequency Modulation) AFG3021B/AFG3022B AFG3101/AFG3102 AFG3251/AFG3252

PM (Phase Modulation)

Linearity

, typical ≤ 0.1% of peak output ≤ 0.15% of peak output ≤ 0.2% of peak output

Symmetry 0% to 100.0%

Bandwidth, typical 25 MHz 100 MHz 240 MHz

Rise Time/Fall Time, typical ≤ 20 ns ≤ 8ns ≤ 3ns

Jitter (rms), typical 4 ns 1 ns at 1 GS/s

4 ns at 250 MS/s

, Symmetry: 100%

10% to 90% of amplitude range

p-p

500 ps at 2 GS/s 4 ns at 250 MS/s

Carrier Waveforms Standard waveforms (except Pulse, DC, and Noise) and Arb

Modulation Source Internal or External

Internal Modulating

Sine, Square, Ramp, Noise, and Arb

Waveforms

Internal Modulating

2 mHz to 50.00 kHz

Frequency

Depth 0.0% to 120.0%

Carrier Waveforms Standard waveforms (except Pulse, DC, and Noise) and Arb

Modulation Source Internal or External

Internal Modulating

Sine, Square, Ramp, Noise, and Arb

Waveforms

Internal Modulating

2 mHz to 50.00 kHz

Frequency

Peak Deviation DC to 12.5 MHz DC to 50 MHz DC to 120 MHz

Carrier Waveforms Standard waveforms (except Pulse, DC, and Noise) and Arb

Modulation Source Internal or External

Internal Modulating

Sine, Square, Ramp, Noise, and Arb

Waveforms

Internal Modulating

2 mHz to 50.00 kHz

Frequency

Phase Deviation Range 0.0 to 180.0 degrees

82 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Specifications

Modulation (cont.)

FSK (Frequency Shift Keying)

Carrier Waveforms Standard waveforms (except Pulse, DC, and Noise) and Arb

Modulation Source Internal or External

Internal Key Rate 2 mHz to 1.000 MHz

Numbers of Key 2

PWM (Pulse Width Modulation)

Carrier Waveforms Pulse

Modulation Source Internal or External

Internal Modulating

Sine, Square, Ramp, Noise, and Arb

Waveforms

Internal Modulating

2 mHz to 50.00 kHz

Frequency

Deviation Range 0.0% to 50.0% of pulse period

Sweep AFG3021B/AFG3022B AFG3101/AFG3102 AFG3251/AFG3252

Type Linear or Logarithmic

Start/Stop Frequency

1 μHz to 25 MHz 1 μHz to 100 MHz 1 μHz to 240 MHz

(except Arb)

Start/Stop Frequency

1 mHz to 12.5 MHz 1 mHz to 50 MHz 1 mHz to 120 MHz

(Arb)

Sweep/Hold/Return Time Range

1 ms to 300 s (Sweep time) 0 ms to 300 s (Hold/Return time)

Resolution

Total Sweep Time Accuracy,

1 ms or 4 digits ≤ 0.4%

typical

1. The maximum waveform length for Arb is 4,096. Waveform data points over 4,096 are ignored.

2. The maximum waveform length for Arb is 2,048. Waveform data points over 2,048 are ignored.

3. Pulse, DC, and Noise waveforms are not available. The start and stop frequencies depend on the waveform shape.

4. Total sweep time = Sweep time + Hold time + Return time ≤ 300 s

AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Specifications

Electrical (AFG3011)

Operating Mode

Run Mode Continuous, Modulation, Sweep, and Burst

Burst Count 1 to 1,000,000 cycles or Infinite Internal Trigger Rate 1.000 μs to 500.0 s

Waveforms

Standard Sine, Square, Pulse, Ramp, More (Sin(x)/x, Noise, DC, Gaussian, Lorentz,

Arbitrary Waveform

Waveform Length 2 to 131,072

Sampling Rate 250 MS/s

Resolution 14 bits

Non-volatile Waveform Memor y 4

Frequency

Sine Square 1 μHz to 5 MHz

Pulse 1 mHz to 5 MHz

Ramp, Sin(x)/x, Gaussian, Lorentz, Exponential Rise, Exponential Decay, Haversine

Arbitrary Resolution 1 μHz or 12 digits ✔Accuracy (Stability) ±1 ppm, 0 °C to 50 °C (except Arb)

Accuracy (Aging) ±1 ppm/year

Phase (except DC, Noise, Pulse)

Range

Lead Delay (Pulse)

Range (Continuous Mode) 0 ps to Period

Range (Triggered/Gated Burst Mode) 0 ps to Period – [Pulse Width + 0.8 * (Leading Edge Time + Trailing Edge

Resolution 10 ps or 8 digits

Exponential Rise, Exponential Decay, and Haversine)

1 μHz to 10 MHz

1 μHz to 100 kHz

1 mHz to 5 MHz

±1 ppm ±1 μHz, 0 °C to 50 °C (Arb)

–180.00° to +180.00°

Time)]

84 AFG3000 Series Quick Start User Manual

Tektronix AFG3101, AFG3102, AFG3251, AFG3252, AFG3021B Primary User

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Warranty 16

Table of Contents

General Safety Summary

Compliance Information

EMC Compliance

Safety Compliance

Environmental Considerations

Preface

Documentation

Conventions Used in this Manual

Quick Tutorial

To Generate a Sine Waveform

Accessing Help

Getting Started

General Features

Before Installation

Operating Requirements

Standard Accessories

Recommended Accessories

Powering the Instrument On and Off

To Change Instrument Settings at Power-on

Self Test and Self Calibration

Selecting a Local Language

Protect Your Instrument from Misuse

Floating Ground

Protect Your DUT

Update Your Instrument Firmware

Connect to a Network

Equivalent Output Circuits

Overheat Protection (AFG3011 Only)

Getting Acquainted with Your Instrument

Front Panel Overview

Screen Interface

View Button

Shortcut Buttons

Default Setup

Select Waveform

Select Run Mode

Adjust Waveform Parameters

Channel Select (dual-channel model only)

Output ON/OFF

Rear Panel

Operating Basics

Generate a Pulse Waveform

Save/Recall Arbitrary Waveforms

Generate an Arbitrary Waveform

Modify an Arbitrary Waveform (Edit Menu)

Generate Noise/DC

Generate a Burst Waveform

Sweep a Waveform

Modulate a Waveform

Tri gg er O ut

Adjusting Parameters of Two Channel Signals (dual-channel model only)

Set up Load Impedance

Invert Waveform Polarity

Add Noise

Add Signal (AFG3100 and AFG3200 Series)

Generating a Differential Signal

External Reference Clock (Except AFG3021B and AFG3022B)

Synchronous Operation (Except AFG3021B and AFG3022B)

USB Memory

Utility Menu

Save/Recall Instrument Setup

Saving a Screen Image

Using the Security Menu

ArbExpress

Application Examples

Lissajous Patterns

Measurement of Filter Characteristics

Motor Speed Control by Pulse-Width Modulation

Carrier Null (Frequency Modulation)

Specifications

Electrical (except AFG3011)

Electrical (AFG3011)