I
nstruction Manua
l
s
Models 7013-S and 7013-C
20-channel Relay Switch Card
Contains Operating and Servicing Information
7013-901-01 Rev. B / 9-98
W ARRANTY
Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants this product to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of 1 year from date of
shipment.
Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants the following items for 90 days from the date of shipment: probes, cables, rechargeable batteries,
diskettes, and documentation.
During the warranty period, we will, at our option, either repair or replace any product that proves to be defective.
To exercise this warranty, write or call your local Keithle y representative, or contact Keithle y headquarters in Cleveland, Ohio. Y ou will
be given prompt assistance and return instructions. Send the product, transportation prepaid, to the indicated service facility. Repairs
will be made and the product returned, transportation prepaid. Repaired or replaced products are warranted for the balance of the original warranty period, or at least 90 days.
LIMIT A TION OF W ARRANTY
This warranty does not apply to defects resulting from product modification without Keithley’s express written consent, or misuse of
any product or part. This warranty also does not apply to fuses, software, non-rechargeable batteries, damage from battery leakage, or
problems arising from normal wear or failure to follow instructions.
THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED
WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR USE. THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE
BUYER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES.
NEITHER KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC. NOR ANY OF ITS EMPLOYEES SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT , SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF ITS INSTRUMENTS AND
SOFTWARE EVEN IF KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC., HAS BEEN ADVISED IN ADVANCE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
SUCH DAMAGES. SUCH EXCLUDED DAMAGES SHALL INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO: COSTS OF REMOVAL
AND INSTALLATION, LOSSES SUSTAINED AS THE RESULT OF INJURY TO ANY PERSON, OR DAMAGE TO PROPERTY.
Keithley Instruments, Inc. • 28775 Aurora Road • Cleveland, OH 44139 • 440-248-0400 • Fax: 440-248-6168 • http://www.keithley.com
CHINA: Keithley Instruments China • Yuan Chen Xin Building, Room 705 • 12 Yumin Road, Dewai, Madian • Beijing 100029 • 8610-62022886 • Fax: 8610-62022892
FRANCE: Keithley Instruments SARL • BP 60 • 3 Allée des Garays • 91122 Palaiseau Cédex • 33-1-60-11-51-55 • Fax: 33-1-60-11-77-26
GERMANY: Keithley Instruments GmbH • Landsberger Strasse 65 • D-82110 Germering, Munich • 49-89-8493070 • Fax: 49-89-84930759
GREAT BRITAIN: Keithley Instruments, Ltd. • The Minster • 58 Portman Road • Reading, Berkshire, England RG3 1EA • 44-1189-596469 • Fax: 44-1189-575666
ITALY: Keithley Instruments SRL • Viale S. Gimignano 38 • 20146 Milano • 39-2-48303008 • Fax: 39-2-48302274
NETHERLANDS: Keithley Instruments BV • Avelingen West 49 • 4202 MS Gorinchem • 31-(0)183-635333 • Fax: 31-(0)183-630821
SWITZERLAND: Keithley Instruments SA • Kriesbachstrasse 4 • 8600 Dübendorf • 41-1-8219444 • Fax: 41-1-8203081
TAIWAN: Keithley Instruments Taiwan • 1FL., 85 Po Ai Street • Hsinchu, Taiwan • 886-3-572-9077 • Fax: 886-3-572-9031
Models 7013-S and 7013-C Instruction Manual
©1991, Keithley Instruments, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A.
Second Printing, September 1998
Document Number 7013-901-01 Rev. B
Manual Printing History
The printing history shown below lists the printing dates of all Revisions and Addenda created for this manual.
The Revision Level letter increases alphabetically as the manual undergoes subsequent updates. Addenda, which
are released between Revisions, contain important change information which the user should incorporate immediately into the manual. Addenda are numbered sequentially. When a new Revision is created, all Addenda associated with the previous Revision of the manual are incorporated into the new Revision of the manual. Each new
Revision includes a revised copy of this printing history page.
Revision A (Document Number 7013-901-01) ........................................................................November 1991
Addendum A (Document Number 7013-901-02)........................................................................January 1992
Revision B (Document Number 7013-901-01).........................................................................September 1998
All Keithley product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of Keithley Instruments, Inc.
Other brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.
Safety Precautions
The following safety precautions should be observed before using
this product and any associated instrumentation. Although some instruments and accessories would normally be used with non-hazardous voltages, there are situations where hazardous conditions
may be present.
This product is intended for use by qualified personnel who recognize shock hazards and are familiar with the safety precautions required to avoid possible injury. Read the operating information
carefully before using the product.
The types of product users are:
Responsible body is the individual or group responsible for the use
and maintenance of equipment, and for ensuring that operators are
adequately trained.
Operators use the product for its intended function. They must be
trained in electrical safety procedures and proper use of the instrument. They must be protected from electric shock and contact with
hazardous live circuits.
Maintenance personnel perform routine procedures on the product
to keep it operating, for example, setting the line voltage or replacing consumable materials. Maintenance procedures are described in
the manual. The procedures explicitly state if the operator may perform them. Otherwise, they should be performed only by service
personnel.
Service personnel are trained to work on live circuits, and perform
safe installations and repairs of products. Only properly trained service personnel may perform installation and service procedures.
Exercise extreme caution when a shock hazard is present. Lethal
voltage may be present on cable connector jacks or test fixtures. The
American National Standards Institute (ANSI) states that a shock
hazard exists when voltage levels greater than 30V RMS, 42.4V
peak, or 60VDC are present.
that hazardous voltage is present in any unknown circuit before
measuring.
A good safety practice is to expect
Users of this product must be protected from electric shock at all
times. The responsible body must ensure that users are prevented
access and/or insulated from every connection point. In some cases,
connections must be exposed to potential human contact. Product
users in these circumstances must be trained to protect themselves
from the risk of electric shock. If the circuit is capable of operating
at or above 1000 volts,
exposed.
As described in the International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC) Standard IEC 664, digital multimeter measuring circuits
(e.g., Keithley Models 175A, 199, 2000, 2001, 2002, and 2010) are
Installation Category II. All other instruments’ signal terminals are
Installation Category I and must not be connected to mains.
Do not connect switching cards directly to unlimited power circuits.
They are intended to be used with impedance limited sources.
NEVER connect switching cards directly to AC mains. When connecting sources to switching cards, install protective devices to limit fault current and voltage to the card.
Before operating an instrument, make sure the line cord is connected to a properly grounded power receptacle. Inspect the connecting
cables, test leads, and jumpers for possible wear, cracks, or breaks
before each use.
For maximum safety, do not touch the product, test cables, or any
other instruments while power is applied to the circuit under test.
ALWAYS remove power from the entire test system and discharge
any capacitors before: connecting or disconnecting cables or jumpers, installing or removing switching cards, or making internal
changes, such as installing or removing jumpers.
Do not touch any object that could provide a current path to the
common side of the circuit under test or power line (earth) ground.
Always make measurements with dry hands while standing on a
dry, insulated surface capable of withstanding the voltage being
measured.
no conductive part of the circuit may be
Do not exceed the maximum signal levels of the instruments and accessories, as defined in the specifications and operating information, and as shown on the instrument or test fixture panels, or
switching card.
When fuses are used in a product, replace with same type and rating
for continued protection against fire hazard.
Chassis connections must only be used as shield connections for
measuring circuits, NOT as safety earth ground connections.
If you are using a test fixture, keep the lid closed while power is applied to the device under test. Safe operation requires the use of a
lid interlock.
If a screw is present, connect it to safety earth ground using the
wire recommended in the user documentation.
!
The symbol on an instrument indicates that the user should refer to the operating instructions located in the manual.
The symbol on an instrument shows that it can source or measure 1000 volts or more, including the combined effect of normal
and common mode voltages. Use standard safety precautions to
avoid personal contact with these voltages.
The
WARNING heading in a manual explains dangers that might
result in personal injury or death. Alw ays read the associated infor mation very carefully before performing the indicated procedure.
Instrumentation and accessories shall not be connected to humans.
Before performing any maintenance, disconnect the line cord and
all test cables.
To maintain protection from electric shock and fire, replacement
components in mains circuits, including the power transformer, test
leads, and input jacks, must be purchased from Keithley Instruments. Standard fuses, with applicable national safety approvals,
may be used if the rating and type are the same. Other components
that are not safety related may be purchased from other suppliers as
long as they are equivalent to the original component. (Note that selected parts should be purchased only through Keithley Instruments
to maintain accuracy and functionality of the product.) If you are
unsure about the applicability of a replacement component, call a
Keithley Instruments office for information.
To clean the instrument, use a damp cloth or mild, water based
cleaner. Clean the exterior of the instrument only. Do not apply
cleaner directly to the instrument or allow liquids to enter or spill
on the instrument.
The
CAUTION heading in a manual explains hazards that could
damage the instrument. Such damage may invalidate the warranty.
7013-C and 7013-S 20-Channel Relay Switch Cards Specifications
IN
HI
LO
Each Channel
LO
HI
OUT
RELAY SWITCH CONFIGURATION: 20 independent channels of 2-pole switching.
CONTACT CONFIGURATION: 2-pole Form A (Hi, Lo).
CONNECTOR TYPE:
7013-C: 96-pin male DIN connector.
7013-S: Screw terminal, #16AWG maximum wire size, with .092 inch O.D. 28 conductors
per card maximum. #22AWG typical wire size with .062 inch O.D. 88 conductors per
card maximum.
MAXIMUM SIGNAL LEVEL:
DC Signals: 110V DC between any two pins, 1A switched. 30VA (resistive load).
AC Signals: 125V rms and 175V AC peak, between any two pins, 1A switched, 60VA (resis-
tive load).
COMMON MODE VOLTAGE: 175V peak, any pin to chassis.
CONTACT LIFE: Cold Switching: 10
8
closures.
At Maximum Signal Levels: 10
5
closures.
CHANNEL RESISTANCE (per conductor): < 1Ω.
CONTACT POTENTIAL:
7013-C: <1µV per channel contact pair
<3µV typical per single contact.
7013-S: <500nV per channel contact pair
<1.5µV typical per single contact.
OFFSET CURRENT: < 100pA.
ACTUATION TIME: 3ms.
ISOLATION: Channel to Channel: >10
10
Ω, <25pF.
Differential: >10
10
Ω, <50pF.
Common Mode: >10
10
Ω, <100pF.
CROSSTALK (1MHz,50Ω Load): <–50dB.
INSERTION LOSS (50ΩSource, 50 Load): <0.1dB below 1MHz, <3dB below 10MHz.
RELAY DRIVE CURRENT (per relay): 16mA.
ENVIRONMENT: Operating: 0° to 50°C, up to 35°C <80% RH.
Storage: –25°C to 65°C.
Table of Contents
1 General Information
1.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 1-1
1.2 Features ............................................................................................................................................................ 1-1
1.3 Warranty information .................................................................................................................................... 1-1
1.4 Manual addenda ............................................................................................................................................ 1-2
1.5 Safety symbols and terms ............................................................................................................................. 1-2
1.6 Specifications .................................................................................................................................................. 1-2
1.7 Unpacking and inspection ............................................................................................................................ 1-2
1.7.1 Inspection for damage ............................................................................................................................ 1-2
1.7.2 Shipping contents .................................................................................................................................... 1-2
1.7.3 Instruction manual .................................................................................................................................. 1-3
1.8 Repacking for shipment ................................................................................................................................ 1-3
1.9 Optional accessories ....................................................................................................................................... 1-3
2 Relay Switching Basics
2.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 2-1
2.2 Basic switch configuration (DPST) .............................................................................................................. 2-1
2.3 Multiple pole configurations ........................................................................................................................ 2-2
3 Card Connections and Installation
3.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 3-1
3.2 Handling precautions .................................................................................................................................... 3-1
3.3 Connections ..................................................................................................................................................... 3-1
3.3.1 Screw terminal connector card ............................................................................................................. 3-2
3.3.2 Multi-pin (mass termination) connector card .................................................................................... 3-3
3.4 Typical connection schemes ......................................................................................................................... 3-8
3.4.1 Connection scheme for Model 7013-C ................................................................................................ 3-8
3.4.2 Connection scheme for Model 7013-S ................................................................................................. 3-8
3.5 Model 7013 installation and removal ........................................................................................................ 3-11
4 Operation
4.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 4-1
4.2 Power limits .................................................................................................................................................... 4-1
4.2.1 Maximum signal levels .......................................................................................................................... 4-1
4.2.2 Reactive loads ......................................................................................................................................... 4-1
4.3 Mainframe control of relay card ................................................................................................................... 4-3
4.3.1 Channel assignments ............................................................................................................................. 4-3
4.3.2 Front panel control ................................................................................................................................. 4-5
4.3.3 IEEE-488 bus operation .......................................................................................................................... 4-5
4.4 Relay switching examples ............................................................................................................................. 4-6
4.4.1 Controlling sources, supplies and loads ............................................................................................. 4-6
4.4.2 Activating external devices and circuits ............................................................................................. 4-8
4.4.3 Switching loads ....................................................................................................................................... 4-9
4.5 Measurement considerations ...................................................................................................................... 4-10
4.5.1 Path isolation ......................................................................................................................................... 4-10
4.5.2 Magnetic fields ...................................................................................................................................... 4-11
4.5.3 Radio frequency interference .............................................................................................................. 4-11
4.5.4 Ground loops ........................................................................................................................................ 4-11
4.5.5 Keeping connectors clean .................................................................................................................... 4-12
4.5.6 AC frequency response ........................................................................................................................ 4-12
5 Service Information
5.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 5-1
5.2 Handling and cleaning precautions ............................................................................................................. 5-1
5.3 Performance verification ............................................................................................................................... 5-2
5.3.1 Environmental conditions ..................................................................................................................... 5-2
5.3.2 Recommended equipment .................................................................................................................... 5-2
5.3.3 Switch card connections ........................................................................................................................ 5-3
5.3.4 Channel resistance tests ......................................................................................................................... 5-3
5.3.5 Offset current tests .................................................................................................................................. 5-5
5.3.6 Contact potential tests ............................................................................................................................ 5-5
5.3.7 Channel to channel isolation tests ........................................................................................................ 5-7
5.3.8 Differential isolation tests .................................................................................................................... 5-10
5.3.9 Common-mode isolation tests ............................................................................................................ 5-11
5.4 Special handling of static-sensitive devices .............................................................................................. 5-12
5.5 Principles of operation ................................................................................................................................. 5-12
5.5.1 Block diagram ....................................................................................................................................... 5-12
5.5.2 ID data circuits ...................................................................................................................................... 5-12
5.5.3 Relay control .......................................................................................................................................... 5-12
5.5.4 Relay power control ............................................................................................................................. 5-14
5.5.5 Power-on safeguard ............................................................................................................................. 5-14
5.6 Troubleshooting ............................................................................................................................................ 5-15
5.6.1 Troubleshooting equipment ................................................................................................................ 5-15
5.6.2 Troubleshooting access ........................................................................................................................ 5-15
5.6.3 Troubleshooting procedure ................................................................................................................. 5-15
6 Replaceable Parts
6.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 6-1
6.2 Parts lists .......................................................................................................................................................... 6-1
6.3 Ordering information ..................................................................................................................................... 6-1
6.4 Factory service ................................................................................................................................................. 6-1
6.5 Component layouts and schematic diagrams ............................................................................................ 6-2
List of Illustrations
2 Relay Switching Basics
Figure 2-1 Model 7013 20-channel switch card (simplified schematic) ............................................................. 2-1
Figure 2-2 4PST configuration using card pair ..................................................................................................... 2-2
3 Card Connections and Installation
Figure 3-1 Screw terminal connector card ............................................................................................................. 3-2
Figure 3-2 Typical terminal block connections ..................................................................................................... 3-3
Figure 3-3 Cable clamp for screw terminal connector card ................................................................................ 3-3
Figure 3-4 Multi-pin connector card terminal identification .............................................................................. 3-4
Figure 3-5 Typical round cable connection techniques ....................................................................................... 3-6
Figure 3-6 Model 7011-MTR connector pinout ..................................................................................................... 3-7
Figure 3-7 Model 7011-KIT-R (cable) assembly .................................................................................................... 3-7
Figure 3-8 Typical connection scheme for Model 7013-C ................................................................................... 3-9
Figure 3-9 Typical connection scheme for Model 7013-S .................................................................................. 3-10
Figure 3-10 Model 7013-S card installation in Model 7001 ................................................................................. 3-12
Figure 3-11 Model 7013-C card installation in Model 7001 ................................................................................ 3-13
4 Operation
Figure 4-1 Limiting inductive reaction voltage .................................................................................................... 4-2
Figure 4-2 Limiting capacitive reaction current ................................................................................................... 4-2
Figure 4-3 Channel status display (two Model 7013 cards installed) ................................................................ 4-3
Figure 4-4 Display organization for relay card channels .................................................................................... 4-4
Figure 4-5 Channel assignments ............................................................................................................................. 4-4
Figure 4-6 Controlling sources, supplies and loads ............................................................................................. 4-7
Figure 4-7 Controlling external devices and circuits ........................................................................................... 4-8
Figure 4-8 Switching loads ...................................................................................................................................... 4-9
Figure 4-9 Path isolation resistance ...................................................................................................................... 4-10
Figure 4-10 Voltage attenuation by path isolation resistance ............................................................................. 4-10
Figure 4-11 Power line ground loops ..................................................................................................................... 4-12
Figure 4-12 Eliminating ground loops ................................................................................................................... 4-12
5 Service Information
Figure 5-1 Channel resistance testing ..................................................................................................................... 5-4
Figure 5-2 Offset current testing .............................................................................................................................. 5-6
Figure 5-3 Contact potential testing ........................................................................................................................ 5-7
Figure 5-4 Channel to channel testing .................................................................................................................... 5-8
Figure 5-5 Differential isolation testing ................................................................................................................ 5-10
Figure 5-6 Common-mode isolation testing ........................................................................................................ 5-11
Figure 5-7 Model 7013 block diagram .................................................................................................................. 5-13
Figure 5-8 Start and stop sequences ...................................................................................................................... 5-13
Figure 5-9 Transmit and acknowledge sequence ................................................................................................ 5-14
List of Tables
3 Card Connections and Installation
Table 3-1 Mass termination accessories ............................................................................................................... 3-3
5 Service Information
Table 5-1 Verification equipment .......................................................................................................................... 5-2
Table 5-2 Channel to channel isolation tests ....................................................................................................... 5-9
Table 5-3 Recommended troubleshooting equipment ..................................................................................... 5-15
Table 5-4 Troubleshooting procedure ................................................................................................................ 5-16
6 Replaceable Parts
Table 6-1 Relay board for Model 7013-S and 7013-C, parts list ......................................................................... 6-3
Table 6-2 Screw terminal board for Model 7013-S, parts list ............................................................................. 6-4
Table 6-3 Mass terminated board for Model 7013-C, parts list .......................................................................... 6-4
v
1
General Information
1.1 Introduction
This section contains general information about the
Model 7013 20-Channel Relay card.
There are two basic versions of this relay switch card;
the Model 7013-S and the Model 7013-C. The Model
7013-S assembly consists of a screw terminal connector
card and the relay card. External test circuits are wired
directly to the screw terminals of the connector card.
Also available from Keithley is the Model 7013-ST . This
is an extra screw terminal connector card. W ith an extra
connector card, you can wire a second test system
without disturbing the wiring configuration of the first
test system.
The Model 7013-C assembly consists of a multi-pin
(mass termination) connector card and the relay card.
External test circuit connections to the 7013 are made
via the 96-pin male DIN connector on the connector
card. Keithley offers a variety of optional accessories
that can be used to make connections to the connector
card (see paragraph 1.9).
1.4 Manual addenda
1.5 Safety symbols and terms
1.6 Specifications
1.7 Unpacking and inspection
1.8 Repacking for shipment
1.9 Optional accessories
1.2 Features
The Model 7013 is a general purpose, 20-channel relay
switch card. Some of the key features include:
• Low contact potential and offset current for minimal effects on low-level signals.
• The connector board detaches from the relay
board. This allows easy access to the screw terminals of the Model 7013-S.
The rest of Section 1 is arranged in the following
manner:
1.2 Features
1.3 Warranty information
1.3 Warranty information
Warranty information is located on the inside front
cover of this instruction manual. Should your Model
7013 require warranty service, contact the Keithley representative or authorized repair facility in your area for
1-1
General Information
further information. When returning the card for
repair , be sur e to fill out and include the service form at
the back of this manual in order to provide the repair
facility with the necessary information.
1.4 Manual addenda
Any improvements or changes concerning the switch
card or manual will be explained in an addendum
included with the card. Addenda are provided in a
page-replacement format. Simply replace the obsolete
pages with the new pages.
1.5 Safety symbols and terms
The following symbols and terms may be found on an
instrument or used in this manual.
!
The symbol on an instrument indicates that the
user should refer to the operating instructions located
in the instruction manual.
1.6 Specifications
Model 7013 specifications may be found at the front of
this manual. These specifications are exclusive of the
Model 7001 mainframe specifications.
1.7 Unpacking and inspection
1.7.1 Inspection for damage
The Model 7013 is packaged in a re-sealable, anti-static
bag to protect it from damage due to static discharge
and from contamination that could degrade its performance. Before removing the card fr om the bag, observe
the following precautions on handling.
Handling precautions:
1. Always grasp the card by the side edges and shields.
Do not touch the board surfaces or components.
2. When not installed in a Model 7001 mainframe,
keep the card in the anti-static bag and store it in the
original packing carton.
The symbol on an instrument shows that high
voltage may be present on the terminal(s). Use standard safety precautions to avoid personal contact with
these voltages.
The WARNING heading used in this manual explains
dangers that might result in personal injury or death.
Always read the associated information very carefully
before performing the indicated procedure.
The CAUTION heading used in this manual explains
hazards that could damage the switch card. Such damage may invalidate the warranty.
After removing the card from its anti-static bag, inspect
it for any obvious signs of physical damage. Report
any such damage to the shipping agent immediately.
1.7.2 Shipping contents
The following items are included with every Model
7013 order:
• Model 7013 20-channel Relay Switch Card
• Model 7013 Instruction Manual
• Additional accessories as ordered.
1-2
General Information
1.7.3 Instruction manual
The Model 7013 Instruction Manual is three-hole
drilled so that it can be added to the three-ring binder
of the Model 7001 Instruction Manual. After removing
the plastic wrapping, place the manual in the binder
following the mainframe instruction manual. Note that
a manual identification tab is included and should precede the switch card instruction manual.
If an additional instruction manual is required, order
the manual package, Keithley part number 7013-901-
00. The manual package includes an instruction manual and any pertinent addenda
1.8 Repacking for shipment
Should it become necessary to return the Model 7013
for repair , carefully pack the unit in its original packing
carton or the equivalent, and include the following
information:
1.9 Optional accessories
The following accessories are available for use with the
Model 7013:
Model 7013-ST This screw terminal connector card
is identical to the one provided with the Model 7013-S
assembly. An extra screw terminal connector card
allows you to wire a second test system without disturbing the wiring configuration of the first connector
card.
Model 7011-KIT-R This connection kit includes a
96-pin female DIN connector that will mate directly to
the connector on the Model 7013-C or to a standard
96-pin male DIN bulkhead connector (see Model 7011MTR). This connector uses solder cups for connections
to external circuitry. It includes an adapter for a round
cable and the housing.
Model 7011-MTC-2 This two-meter round cable
assembly is terminated with a 96-pin female DIN connector on each end. It will mate directly to the connector on the Model 7013-C and to a standard 96-pin male
DIN bulkhead connector (see Model 7011-MTR).
• Advise as to the warranty status of the switch card.
• Write ATTENTION REPAIR DEPARTMENT on
the shipping label.
• Fill out and include the service form located at the
back of this manual.
Model 7011-MTR This 96-pin male DIN bulkhead
connector uses solder cups for connections to external
circuitry. It will mate to the Model 7011-KIT-R connector, and Model 7011-MTC-2 cable assembly.
1-3
HI
LO
IN
HI
LO
OUT
One of 20 Channels
Figure 2-1
Model 7013 20-channel switch card (simplified
schematic)
2
Relay Switching Basics
2.1 Introduction
This section covers switching basics and is arranged as
follows:
2.2 Basic switch configuration Covers the basic
double-pole single-throw (DPST) switch
configuration.
2.3 Multiple pole configurations Shows how to
use two or more relays together for multiple pole
switching.
2.2 Basic switch configuration (DPST)
A simplified schematic of the Model 7013 switch card
is shown in Figure 2-1. The card consists of 20 independent channels. Each channel is made up of a doublepole single-throw (DPST), normally open (NO) switch.
2-1
Relay Switching Basics
2.3 Multiple pole configurations
Multiple pole configurations are possible by energizing two or more relays at the same time. A four-pole
single-throw (4PST) switch system can be configured
using two relay channels. Both loads are selected when
the two relays are energized. Each additional relay
adds two poles to the switch system.
H
Card 1, Channel 1
IN
L
H
A convenient way to perform multiple-pole switching
is to use two Model 7013 switch cards; one installed in
Slot 1 of the mainframe and the other installed in Slot
2. By using the Card-Pairing feature of the Model 7001,
closing a channel on Card 1 will automatically close the
corresponding channel on Card 2. For example, closing
channel 1 on Card 1 will automatically close Channel 1
on Card 2 providing 4PST switching, as shown in Figure 2-2.
H
OUT
L
H
Load A
Card 2, Channel 1
Figure 2-2
4PST configuration using card pair
IN
L
Both Relays Energized Simultaneously
OUT
L
Load B
2-2
3
Card Connections
and Installation
3.1 Introduction
WARNING
The procedures in this section are
intended only for qualified service
personnel. Do not perform these procedures unless qualified to do so.
Failure to recognize and observe normal safety precautions could result
in personal injury or death.
The information in this section is arranged as follows:
3.2 Handling precautions Explains precautions
that must be followed to prevent contamination
to the switch card assembly. Contamination
could degrade the performance of the switch
card.
3.3 Connections Covers the basics for connecting
external circuitry to the two available connector
cards; the screw terminal connector card and the
multi-pin connector card.
3.4 Typical connection schemes Provides some
typical connection schemes for single card, twocard, and two-mainframe system configurations.
3.5 Model 7013 installation and removal Pro-
vides the procedures to install and remove the
switch card assembly in the Model 7001 mainframe.
3.2 Handling precautions
To maintain high impedance isolation, care should be
taken when handling the relay card to avoid contamination from such foreign materials as body oils. Such
contamination can substantially lower leakage resistances, thus degrading performance.
To avoid possible contamination, always grasp the
relay card and the connector card by the side edges or
shields. Do not touch the board surfaces or components. On connectors, do not touch areas adjacent to
the electrical contacts. Dirt build-up over a period of
time is another possible source of contamination. To
avoid this problem, operate the mainframe and switch
card assembly in a clean environment.
If a card becomes contaminated, it should be thoroughly cleaned as explained in paragraph 5.2.
3.3 Connections
This paragraph provides the basic information needed
to connect your external test circuitry to the switch
card. It includes detailed information on the two available connector cards.
3-1
Card Connections and Installation
WARNING
The following connection information is intended to be used by qualified service personnel. Failure to
recognize and observe standard
safety precautions could result in
personal injury or death.
3.3.1 Screw terminal connector card
The screw terminal connector card is shown in Figure
3-1. Connections are made directly to the screw terminals of the 20-terminal blocks. One terminal block is
dedicated to each of the 20 channels. Each screw terminal will accommodate #16-22 AWG wire.
Wiring procedure
Perform the following procedure to wire circuitry to
the screw terminal connector card:
WARNING:
USER SUPPLIED LETHAL VOLTAGES MAY
BE PRESENT ON CONNECTORS OR PC BOARD
H
L
H
J1004
L
CH20CH16CH12CH8CH4
OUT
H
L
H
CH19CH15CH11CH7CH3
J1009J1010J1011J1012J1013
IN
L
P1003P1002
H
L
H
J1005J1006J1007J1008
L
H
L
H
L
H
L
H
L
OUT
OUT
OUT
H
L
H
IN
L
H
L
H
IN
L
H
L
H
IN
L
H
L
H
J1014J1015J1016J1017J1018
L
H
L
H
L
H
L
H
L
H
L
H
L
OUT
CH18CH14CH10CH6CH2
OUT
OUT
OUT
KEITHLEY 1991
7013-162-04C
MADE IN USA
IN
IN
IN
IN
4
CH17CH13CH9CH5CH1
C
H
L
H
J1019J1020J1021J1022J1023
L
H
L
H
L
H
L
H
L
H
L
H
L
WARNING
Make sure all power is off and any
stored energy in external circuitry is
discharged.
1. If mated together , separate the connector card from
the relay card by removing the mounting screw
and pulling the two cards away from each other.
Remember to only handle the cards by the edges
and shields to avoid contamination.
2. Using an insulated screwdriver, connect the
circuitry to the appropriate terminals. Figure 3-2
shows how connections would be made to deliver
power to a DUT (device under test) using Channel
2.
3. Referring to Figure 3-3, remove the top half of the
cable clamp as follows:
a. Loosen the cable clamp scr ew enough to disen-
gage it from the bottom half of the cable clamp.
b. Using your thumb and forefinger, press the
retaining clips inward and, with your other
hand, remove the top half of the clamp.
H
L
H
L
OUT
H
L
H
IN
L
CAUTION:
MAX VOLTAGE TERMINAL TO TERMINAL
OR CHASSIS: 110VDC OR ±175VAC PEAK
Figure 3-1
Screw terminal connector card
H
L
H
L
OUT
H
L
H
IN
L
3-2
Card Connections and Installation
#16 - 22 AWG Wires
H
OUT
L
H
IN
L
CH 2
Equivalent
Circuit
when CH 2
Relay energized
Figure 3-2
Typical terminal block connections
DUT
DUT
6. Mate the connector card to the relay card. The
Model 7013 is now ready to be installed in the
Model 7001 mainframe. See paragraph 3.5 for
details.
3.3.2 Multi-pin (mass termination) connector card
Since connections to external circuitry are made at the
96-pin male DIN bulkhead connector, there is no need
to separate the connector card from the relay card. If
the connector card is separated from the relay card,
carefully mate them together and install the supplied
4-40 screw to secure the cards. Make sur e to handle the
cards by the edges and shields to avoid contamination.
Terminal identification for the DIN connector of the
multi-pin connector card is provided by Figure 3-4.
This connector will mate to a 96-pin female DIN
connector.
Screw
Clips
Figure 3-3
Cable clamp for screw terminal connector card
4. Route the wires through the bottom half of the
cable clamp.
5. Replace the top half of the clamp. It simply snaps
onto the bottom half of the clamp. Tighten the
cable clamp screw. The clamp serves as a strain
relief for the wires.
Keithley has a variety of cable and connector accessories available to accommodate connections from the
connector card to test instrumentation and DUT
(devices under test). In general, these accessories,
which are summarized in Table 3-1, utilize a round
cable assembly for connections.
Table 3-1
Mass termination accessories
Model Description
7011-KIT-R 96-pin female DIN connector and
housing for round cable.
7011-MTC-2 Two-meter round cable assembly
terminated with a 96-pin female
DIN connector on each end.
7011-MTR 96-pin male DIN bulkhead connec-
tor.
3-3
Card Connections and Installation
Pins of the Model 7013-C mass termination connector can be identified in one of three ways:
1. Switch channel, 1-20
2. Connector designation, consisting of rows a-c and columns 1-32.
3. Schematic and component layout designation (1-96).
The following pinout diagrams show the correspondence between these arrangements:
32 3130 29 28 27 26 2524 23 22 21 20 1918 17 1615 14 13 121110 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
c
b
a
View from pin side
of connector
Switch
Terminal
CH 1 In HI
LO
Out HI
LO
CH 2 In HI
LO
Out HI
LO
CH 3 In HI
LO
Out HI
LO
CH 4 In HI
LO
Out HI
LO
CH 5 In HI
LO
Out HI
LO
CH 6 In HI
LO
Out HI
LO
CH 7 In HI
LO
Out HI
LO
CH 8 In HI
LO
Out HI
LO
Connector
Desig.
1a-32c
4c
4b
4a
3c
6a
5c
5b
5a
7b
7a
6c
6b
8c
8b
8a
7c
10c
10b
10a
9c
12a
11c
11b
11a
13b
13a
12c
12b
14c
14b
14a
13c
Schem.
Desig.
1-96
68
36
4
67
6
69
37
5
39
7
70
38
72
40
8
71
74
42
10
73
12
75
43
11
45
13
76
44
78
46
14
77
Switch
Terminal
CH 9 In HI
Out HI
CH 10 In HI
Out HI
CH 11 In HI
Out HI
CH 12 In HI
Out HI
CH 13 In HI
Out HI
CH 14 In HI
Out HI
CH 15 In HI
Out HI
CH 16 In HI
Out HI
LO
LO
LO
LO
LO
LO
LO
LO
LO
LO
LO
LO
LO
LO
LO
LO
Connector
Desig.
1a-32c
16c
16b
16a
15c
18a
17c
17b
17a
19b
19a
18c
18b
20c
20b
20a
19c
22c
22b
22a
21c
24a
23c
23b
23a
25b
25a
24c
24b
26c
26b
26a
25c
Schem.
Desig.
1-96
80
48
16
79
18
81
49
17
51
19
82
50
84
52
20
83
86
54
22
85
24
87
55
23
57
25
88
56
90
58
26
89
Switch
Terminal
CH 17 In HI
Out HI
CH 18 In HI
Out HI
CH 19 In HI
Out HI
CH 20 In HI
Out HI
LO
LO
LO
LO
LO
LO
LO
LO
Connector
Desig.
1a-32c
28c
28b
28a
27c
30a
29c
29b
29a
31b
31a
30c
30b
32c
32b
32a
31c
Schem.
Desig.
1-96
92
60
28
91
30
93
61
29
63
31
94
62
96
64
32
95
Note: Refer to the schematic for shield pins.
Figure 3-4
Multi-pin connector card terminal identification
3-4
Card Connections and Installation
Typical connection techniques
All external circuitry, such as instrumentation and
DUT s, that you wish to connect to the switch card must
be terminated with a single 96-pin female DIN connector . The following connection techniques provide some
guidelines and suggestions for wiring your circuitry.
WARNING
Before beginning any wiring procedures, make sure all power is off and
stored energy in external circuitry is
discharged.
NOTE
It is recommended that external circuitry be connected (plugged in) after
the Model 7013 assembly is installed
in the Model 7001 mainframe. Installation is covered in paragraph 3.5.
Round cable assemblies Figure 3-5 shows typical
round cable connection techniques using accessories
available from Keithley.
In Figure 3-5A, connections are accomplished using a
Model 7011-MTC-2 cable and a Model 7011-MTR bulkhead connector. The two-meter round cable is termi-
nated with a 96-pin female DIN connector at each end.
This cable mates directly to the multi-pin connector
card and to the bulkhead connector . The bulkhead connector has solder cups to allow direct connection to
instrumentation and DUT. Figure 3-6 provides pinout
for the bulkhead connector. The view shown is from
the solder cup end of the connector.
In Figure 3-5B, connections are accomplished using a
Model 7011-MTC-2 cable assembly that is cut in half.
The 96-pin female DIN connector on one end of the
cable mates directly to the multi-pin connector card.
The unterminated end of the cable is wired directly to
instrumentation and DUT. The other half of the cable
assembly could be used for a second switching card.
In Figure 3-5C, connections are accomplished using a
custom-built cable assembly that consists of a Model
7011-KIT-R connector and a suitable round cable. Hitachi part number N2807-P/D-50T AB is a round, 50-conductor cable. Two cables can be used to provide 100
conductors. The connector has solder cups to accommodate the individual wires of the unterminated cable.
Figure 3-7 provides an exploded view of the connector
assembly and shows how the cable is connected. The
connector end of the resultant cable assembly mates
directly to the multi-pin connector card. The unterminated end of the cable assembly is wired directly to
instrumentation and DUT.
3-5
Card Connections and Installation
A)
B)
C)
Multi-Pin
Connector
Card
Multi-Pin
Connector
Card
Multi-Pin
Connector
Card
7011-MTC-2
cable assembly
7011-MTC-2
(Cut in Half)
Wire instrumentation
and DUT to bulkhead
connector (See Figures
3-4 and 3-6 for terminal
identification)
7011-MTR
bulkhead connector
Wire directly to
instrumentation
and DUT
Wire directly to
instrumentation
and DUT
Cable
Figure 3-5
Typical round cable connection techniques
7011-Kit-R
Connector Kit
Notes : Figure 3-7 provides an exploded view showing
how the connector (with cable) is assembled.
Cable Hitachi p/n N2807-P/D-50TAB is a
50-conductor round cable. Two of these
cables can be used to supply 100 conductors.
3-6
Note : See figure 3-4 for terminal identification
Figure 3-6
Model 7011-MTR connector pinout
Card Connections and Installation
3231302928272625242322212019181716151413121110987654321
c
b
a
View from solder
cup side of
connector
Figure 3-7
Model 7011-KIT-R (cable) assembly
3-7
Card Connections and Installation
3.4 Typical connection schemes
Paragraphs 3.4.1 and 3.4.2 show how the Model 7013
could be connected to a system that activates external
devices and circuits. These are connection schemes for
the relay switching example that is explained in paragraph 4.4.2 and illustrated in Figure 4-4.
Paragraph 3.4.1 describes a connection scheme using
the multi-pin connector card of the Model 7013-C,
while paragraph 3.4.2 describes a connection scheme
using the screw terminal connector card of the Model
7013-S. Keep in mind that these are only examples to
demonstrate a couple of ways to wire a system. Connection details for both connector cards are provided in
paragraph 3.3.
If adding more Model 7013 cards to a system, simply
wire them in the same manner as the first. Remember
that two Model 7013 cards installed in the same mainframe are electrically isolated from each other. When
two or more Model 7001 mainframes are used, they
must be connected together (see Model 7001 Instruction Manual).
3.4.1 Connection scheme for Model 7013-C
Figure 3-8 shows how external connections can be
made to the system using the multi-pin connector card.
The Model 7011-MTC-2 cable assembly is cut in half to
provide a cable that is unterminated at one end. The
unterminated end of the cable can then be hard-wired
directly to the external devices and power supplies.
The other end will then mate to the Model 7013-C
switch card assembly.
3.4.2 Connection scheme for Model 7013-S
Figure 3-9 shows how external connections can be
made to the system using the screw terminal connector
card. Single conductor (#16-22 AWG) connections are
made directly from the screw terminals of the connector card to the external devices and power supplies.
3-8
Indicator
Lamp
Alarm
Relay
5V 12V 30V
Card Connections and Installation
7013-C
7011-MTC-2
Cable(CutinHalf)
5V
12V
30V
7013
CH 1
CH 2
CH 3
Equivalent Circuit
Indicator
Lamp
Alarm
Relay
Figure 3-8
Typical connection scheme for Model 7013-C
3-9
Card Connections and Installation
7013-S
Alarm
5V 12V
5V
12V
30V
Indicator
Lamp
CH 1
CH 2
CH 3
30V
Relay
7013
Indicator
Lamp
Alarm
Figure 3-9
Typical connection scheme for Model 7013-S
3-10
Relay
Equivalent Circuit
Card Connections and Installation
3.5 Model 7013 installation and removal
This paragraph explains how to install and remove the
Model 7013 switch card assembly from the Model 7001
mainframe.
WARNING
Installation or removal of the Model
7013 is to be performed by qualified
service personnel. Failure to recognize and observe standard safety precautions could result in personal
injury or death.
NOTE
If using the screw terminal connector
card, make sure your external circuitry is wired to the card (as
explained in paragraph 3.3.1) before
installing the card assembly in the
Model 7001 mainframe.
CAUTION
WARNING
Turn off power from all instrumentation (including the Model 7001 mainframe) and disconnect their line
cords. Make sure all power is
removed and any stored energy in
external circuitry is discharged.
1. Mate the connector card to the relay card if they ar e
separated. Install the supplied 4-40 screw to secure
the assembly. Make sure to handle the cards by the
edges and shields to prevent contamination.
2. Facing the rear panel of the Model 7001, select the
slot (CARD 1 or CARD 2) that you wish to install
the card in.
3. Referring to Figure 3-10 for Model 7013-S installation or Figure 3-11 for Model 7013-C installation,
feed the switch card assembly into the desired slot
such that the edges of the relay card ride in the
rails.
4. With the ejector arms in the unlocked position,
push the card assembly all the way into the mainframe until the arms engage into the ejector cups.
Then push both arms inward to lock the card into
the mainframe.
5. For the 7013-C, also install the screw shown in Figure 3-11.
To prevent contamination to the
switch card that could degrade performance, only handle the card
assembly by the edges and shields.
Switch card installation
Perform the following steps to install the switch card
assembly in the Model 7001 mainframe:
Switch card removal
To remove the switch card assembly, first unlock it by
pulling the latches outward, then pull the card assembly out of the mainframe. Remember to handle the card
assembly by the edges and shields to avoid contamination that could degrade performance.
3-11
Card Connections and Installation
Unlock card
Ejector Arms (2)
Figure 3-10
Model 7013-S card installation in Model 7001
3-12
Lock card
Card Connections and Installation
Ejector Arms (2)
Screw1
2
Screw
Figure 3-11
Model 7013-C card installation in Model 7001
Unlock card
1
Lock card
3-13
4
Operation
4.1 Introduction
The information in this section is formatted as follows:
4.2 Power limits : Summarizes the maximum power
limits of the Model 7013 switch card assembly.
4.3 Mainframe control of switching card :
Summarizes programming steps to control the
switch card from the Model 7001 Switch System
mainframe.
4.4 Relay switching examples : Provides some typi-
cal applications for using the Model 7013.
4.5 Measurement considerations : Reviews a num-
ber of considerations when using the Model 7013
to make measurements.
4.2 Power limits
CAUTION
To prevent damage to the card, do not
exceed the maximum signal level
specifications of the card. For reactive
loads, be sure to use voltage clamping and current limiting as explained
in paragraph 4.2.2.
4.2.1 Maximum signal levels
To prevent overheating or damage to the relays, never
exceed the following maximum signal levels:
DC signals: 110V between any two pins (termi-
nals), 1A switched, 30VA (resistive
load)
AC signals: 125V rms or 175V AC peak
between any two pins (terminals),
1A switched, 60VA (resistive load)
4.2.2 Reactive loads
Operation is specified for resistive loads. Reactive
loads require voltage clamping (for inductive loads)
and current surge limiting (for capacitive loads) to prevent damage to the relays and to external circuitry.
Inductive loads Inductive reaction voltage, must be
limited to less than 110V in DC cir cuits or 175V peak in
AC circuits. Also consider the load when determining
the voltage limit. Clamping circuits that can be used
are shown in Figure 4-1.
4-1
Operation
H
1A
IN
FUSE
L
A. Resistor Clamped (AC or DC Voltages)
H
1A
IN
FUSE
L
7013
H
Out
L
7013
H
Out
L
B. Diode Clamped (DC Voltages)
R
Load
+
D
Load
7013
H
1A
IN
FUSE
L
C. Zener Clamped (AC Voltages)
H
L
Out
Diode
Zener
Diode
Zener
Diode
Diode
Load
7013
H
1A
IN
FUSE
L
D. Resistor-Capacitor Clamped (AC Voltages)
H
L
Out
C
Load
R
Capacitive loads The initial surge current from a
capacitive reactive load must be limited. Figure 4-2
shows circuits that can be used to limit current surges.
To protect the relay, limit current to 1A. Also consider
the load when determining the current surge limit.
3
701
H
1A
IN
FUSE
L
H
Out
L
R
Load
V
A. Resistor Limited R = I Limit
7013
H
1A
IN
FUSE
L
High resistance when cold.
*
Low resistance when hot.
Fast thermal recovery.
B. Thermistor Limited Rs = I Limit
H
L
Out
Thermistor*
(Rs)
Load
V
Figure 4-2
Limiting capacitive reaction current
Figure 4-1
Limiting inductive reaction voltage
4-2
CARD 1 CARD 2
1 234567 891012345678910
= Open Channel
= Closed Channel
7001 DISPLAY
Figure 4-3
Channel status display (two Model 7013 cards installed)
Operation
4.3 Mainframe control of relay card
The following information pertains to the Model 7013
relay card. It assumes that you are familiar with the
operation of the Model 7001 mainframe.
If you are not familiar with the operation of the mainframe, it is recommended that you proceed to Getting
Started (Section 3) in the Model 7001 Instruction Manual after reading the following information.
4.3.1 Channel assignments
The Model 7001 has a channel status display (Figure
4-3) that provides the real-time state of each available
channel. The left portion of the display is for slot 1
(Card 1), and the right portion is for slot 2 (Card 2).
With two Model 7013 car ds installed in the mainframe,
only the 20 available channels of each card will be displayed as shown in Figure 4-3.
Relay organization of the channel status display for
each slot is shown in Figure 4-4. The relay card contains
20 channels as shown in the illustration.
To control the relay card from the mainframe, each
relay must have a unique CHANNEL assignment,
which includes the slot number that the card is
installed in. The CHANNEL assignments for the relay
card are provided in Figure 4-5. Each CHANNEL
assignment is made up of the slot designator (1 or 2)
and the relay card channel. To be consistent with
Model 7001 operation, the slot designator and relay
card channel are separated by an exclamation point (!).
Some examples of CHANNEL assignments are as
follows:
CHANNEL 1!1 = Slot 1, Channel 1
CHANNEL 1!20 = Slot 1, Channel 20
CHANNEL 2!2 = Slot 2, Channel 2
CHANNEL 2!6 = Slot 2, Channel 6
4-3
Operation
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Figure 4-4
Display organization for relay card channels
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1!1
1!2
1!3
1!4
1!5
1!6
1!7
1!8
1!9
1!10
A. Slot 1 (Card 1)
B. Slot 2 (Card 2)
Figure 4-5
Channel assignments
1!11
1!12
1!13
1!14
1!15
1!16
1!17
1!18
1!19
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2!1
2!11
2!2
2!12
2!3
2!13
2!4
2!14
2!5
2!15
2!6
2!16
2!7
2!17
2!8
2!18
2!9
2!19
Examples : 1!18 = Slot 1, Channel 18
2!3 = Slot 2, Channel 3
1!20
2!10
2!20
4-4
Operation
4.3.2 Front panel control
Closing and opening channels
A channel is closed fr om the front panel by simply keying in the CHANNEL assignment and then pressing
CLOSE. For example, to close channel 16 of a relay card
installed in slot 2, key in the following channel list and
press CLOSE:
SELECT CHANNELS 2!16
The above closed channel can be opened by pressing
OPEN or OPEN ALL. The OPEN key opens only the
channels specified in the channel list, and OPEN ALL
opens all channels.
The following display is an example of a channel list
that consists of several channels:
SELECT CHANNELS 2!1, 2!3, 2!12-2!15
Notice that channel entries are separated by commas
(,). A comma is inserted by pressing ENTER or the right
cursor key ( ). The channel range is specified by using the hyphen (-) key to separate the range limits.
Pressing CLOSE will close all the channels specified in
the channel list. Pressing OPEN (or OPEN ALL) will
open the channels.
from the SAVESETUP menu of the main MENU. When
RESET is performed, the mainframe is configured for
an infinite number of manual scans. The first press of
STEP takes the mainframe out of the idle state. The
next press of STEP will close the first channel specified
in the scan list. Each subsequent press of STEP will
select the next channel in the scan list.
4.3.3 IEEE-488 bus operation
Bus operation is demonstrated using HP BASIC 4.0.
The programming statements assume that the primary
address of the mainframe is 07.
Closing and opening channels
The following SCPI commands are used to close and
open channels:
:CLOSe <list>
:OPEN <list>|ALL
The following statement closes channels 1!1, and 1!3
through 1!11:
OUTPUT 707; “:clos (@ 1!1, 1!3:1!11)”
Notice that the colon (:) is used to separate the range
limits.
Scanning channels
Relay card channels are scanned by creating a scan list
and configuring the Model 7001 to perform a scan. The
scan list is created in the same manner as a channel list
(see Closing and Opening Channels). However, the
scan list is specified from the “SCAN CHANNEL” display mode. (The SCAN LIST key toggles between the
channel list and the scan list.) The following shows an
example of a scan list:
SCAN CHANNELS 2!1, 2!3, 2!11-2!15
When a scan is performed, the channels specified in the
scan list will be scanned in the order that they are presented in the scan list.
A manual scan can be performed by using the RESET
default conditions of the Model 7001. RESET is selected
Either of the following statements will open channels
1!1, and 1!3 through 1!11:
OUTPUT 707; “:open (@ 1!1, 1!3:1!11)”
OUTPUT 707; “:open all”
Scanning channels
There are many commands associated with scanning.
However, it is possible to configure a scan using as little as four commands. These commands are listed as
follows:
*RST
:TRIGger:SEQuence:COUNt:AUTO ON”
:SCAN <list>
:INIT
4-5
Operation
The first command resets the mainframe to a default
scan configuration. The second command automatically sets the channel count to the number of channels
in the scan list, the third command defines the scan list,
and the fourth command takes the Model 7001 out of
the idle state.
The following program will perform a single scan
through all 20 channels of a 7013 relay card installed in
slot 1:
10 OUTPUT 707; “*RST”
20 OUTPUT 707; “:trig:seq:coun:auto on”
30 OUTPUT 707; “:scan (@ 1!1:1!20)”
40 OUTPUT 707; “:init”
50 END
Line 10 Selects a default configuration for the scan.
Line 20 Sets channel count to the scan-list-length.
Line 30 Defines the scan list.
Line 40 Take the Model 7001 out of the idle state. The
scan is configured to start as soon as this
command is executed.
When the above program is run, the scan will be completed in approximately 120msec (3msec delay for each
relay closed and a 3msec delay for each open), which is
too fast to view from the front panel. An additional
relay delay can be added to the program to slow down
the scan for viewing. The program is modified by adding line 25 to slow down the scan. Also, Line 5 is added
to the beginning of the program to ensure that all channels are open before the scan is started.
4.4 Relay switching examples
The independent IN/OUT circuits for each channel
provide the means for some unique switching systems,
some of which are described in the following
paragraphs.
4.4.1 Controlling sources, supplies and loads
Figure 4-6 shows an example of a system that tests a
DUT (device under test) by measuring its output. Of
course the DUT can be tested by connecting the source,
supply , and load dir ectly to the DUT. However, switching these devices allows you to test the DUT under a
variety of different conditions.
With the DUT properly biased (Channel 3 closed) you
may want to test the output under three different input
conditions; the normal source signal (Channel 1 open,
Channel 2 closed), an open input (Channels 1 and 2
open), and a shorted input (Channel 1 closed, Channel
2 open).
CAUTION
To prevent possible damage to the
source, do not allow Channels 1 and
2 to be closed at the same time. Doing
so will short the output of the source.
5 OUTPUT 707; “:open all”
10 OUTPUT 707; “*RST”
20 OUTPUT 707; “:trig:seq:coun:auto on”
25 OUTPUT 707; “:trig:del 0.25”
30 OUTPUT 707; “:scan (@ 1!1:1!20)”
40 OUTPUT 707; “:INIT”
50 END
Line 5 Opens all channels.
Line 25 Sets a 1/4 second delay after each channel
closes.
4-6
Isolation between the input and output can be tested.
By removing the power supply (Channel 3 open) the
DUT can be tested to see if any part of the input signal
appears at the output.
Output regulation of the DUT can be tested by comparing the output with load (Channel 4 closed) and without load (Channel 4 open).
Operation
7013
Short
Load
Source
Power
Supply
+15V
-15V
GND
CH 1
CH 2
Input
CH 3
DUT
Output
CH 4
Figure 4-6
Controlling sources, supplies and loads
Measure
4-7
Operation
4.4.2 Activating external devices and circuits
The Model 7013 can be used to activate indicators,
alarms, relays and other external control circuits.
As an example, assume that a simple computer based
system is used to protect an expensive cutting tool on a
lathe. The cutting tool must be constantly lubricated to
keep it from burning up. The reservoir for the lubricant
has a sensor circuit (such as a float switch) to detect
when the lubricant level gets low. The sensor circuit is
connected to the input port of the Model 7001.
As shown in Figure 4-7, the protection system includes
a Model 7013 switch card which is used to control an
indicator, an alarm, and an AC power control circuit.
The illustration shows the state of the relays when the
7013
lubricant level is normal. The indicator and alarm are
disabled, and the AC power control circuit is enabled.
When the lubricant level gets low, the appropriate
“low level” signal from the sensor circuit is detected
causing the computer program to branch to a subroutine that will attend to the situation.
The program subroutine will close Channel 1 on the
switch card which activates an indicator on a control
panel alerting the operator that lubricant must be
added to the reservoir. If after a particular time period
the reservoir is not filled (level still low), Channel 2 will
close to activate an audible alarm to alert the operator.
If after another time period the lubricant level is still
low, Channel 3 will open. This will deactivate (open)
the relay which disables the AC power control circuit
causing the lathe to shut down and thus, saves the cutting tool from being damaged.
5V
12V
30V
Figure 4-7
Controlling external devices and circuits
CH 1
CH 2
CH 3
Relay
Alarm
Indicator
Lamp
AC
Power
Control
Circuit
AC Power
for Lathe
4-8
Operation
4.4.3 Switching loads
Figure 4-8 shows a test system that uses the Model 7013
to switch loads on the two outputs of the DUT. This
system also demonstrates how to use a different type of
card with the Model 7013. In this case, a Model 7011
multiplexer card is used to switch the DMM between
Output #1 and Output #2.
With Channel 1 of the Model 7013 closed, Load 1 is
placed on Output #1. With Channel 2 closed, Load 2
7013
HI
CH 1
Output
#1
CH 2
is placed on Output #1. Note that if both Channels 1
and 2 are closed at the same time, the parallel equivalent of Loads 1 and 2 is seen at the output. Channels 3
and 4 function in a similar manner for Loads 3 and 4 on
Output #2.
Closing Channel 1 of the Model 7011 places the DMM
on Output #1 to measure the voltage drop across the
selected load. Conversely, closing Channel 2 places the
DMM across the selected load for Output #2. To prevent invalid DMM readings, make sure both Channels
1 and 2 are not closed at the same time.
7011
Mux Card
DUT
Figure 4-8
Switching loads
LO
HI
Output
#2
LO
CH 3
CH 4
Load
2
Load
4
Load
1
Load
3
CH 1
CH 2
OUT
DMM
4-9
Operation
4.5 Measurement considerations
Many measurements made with the Model 7013 are
subject to various effects that can seriously affect
low-level measurement accuracy. The following paragraphs discuss these effects and ways to minimize
them.
4.5.1 Path isolation
The path isolation is simply the equivalent impedance
between any two test paths in a measurement system.
Ideally, the path isolation should be infinite, but the
actual resistance and distributed capacitance of cables
and connectors results in less than infinite path isolation values for these devices.
Path isolation resistance forms a signal path that is in
parallel with the equivalent resistance of the DUT, as
shown in Figure 4-9. For low-to-medium device resistance values, path isolation resistance is seldom a consideration; however, it can seriously degrade
measurement accuracy when testing high-impedance
devices. The voltage measured across such a device, for
example, can be substantially attenuated by the voltage divider action of the device source resistance and
path isolation resistance, as shown in Figure 4-10. Also,
leakage currents can be generated through these resistances by voltage sources in the system.
R
DUT
E
DUT
DUT
= Source Resistance of DUT
R
DUT
E
= Source EMF of DUT
DUT
= Path Isolation Resistance
R
PATH
R
= Input Resistance of Measuring Instrument
IN
Figure 4-9
Path isolation resistance
E
UT
D
R
PATH
7013
Card
R
DUT
R
R
PATH
IN
Measure
Instrument
V
Any differential isolation capacitance affects DC measurement settling time as well as AC measurement
accuracy. Thus, it is often important that such capacitance be kept as low as possible. Although the distributed capacitance of the switch card is generally fixed
by design, there is one area where you do have contr ol
over the capacitance in your system; the connecting
cables. To minimize capacitance, keep all cables as
short as possible.
4-10
E
R
PATH
DUT
=
E
OUT
+
R
DUT
R
PATH
Figure 4-10
Voltage attenuation by path isolation resistance
Operation
4.5.2 Magnetic fields
When a conductor cuts through magnetic lines of force,
a very small current is generated. This phenomenon
will frequently cause unwanted signals to occur in the
test leads of a switching matrix system. If the conductor has sufficient length, even weak magnetic fields like
those of the earth can create sufficient signals to affect
low-level measurements.
Two ways to reduce these effects are: (1) reduce the
lengths of the test leads, and (2) minimize the exposed
circuit area. In extreme cases, magnetic shielding may
be required. Special metal with high permeability at
low flux densities (such as mu metal) is effective at
reducing these effects.
Even when the conductor is stationary,
magnetically-induced signals may still be a problem.
Fields can be produced by various signals such as the
AC power line voltage. Large inductors such as power
transformers can generate substantial magnetic fields,
so care must be taken to keep the switching and
measuring circuits a good distance away from these
potential noise sources.
At high current levels, even a single conductor can generate significant fields. These effects can be minimized
by using twisted pairs, which will cancel out most of
the resulting fields.
4.5.3 Radio frequency interference
on the measurement can be considerable if enough of
the unwanted signal is present.
RFI can be minimized in several ways. The most
obvious method is to keep the equipment and signal
leads as far away from the RFI source as possible.
Shielding the 7013 switching card, signal leads,
sources, and measuring instruments will often reduce
RFI to an acceptable level. In extreme cases, a
specially-constructed screen room may be required to
sufficiently attenuate the troublesome signal.
Many instruments incorporate internal filtering that
may help to reduce RFI effects in some situations. In
some cases, additional external filtering may also be
required. Keep in mind, however, that filtering may
have detrimental effects on the desired signal.
4.5.4 Ground loops
When two or more instruments are connected together,
care must be taken to avoid unwanted signals caused
by ground loops. Ground loops usually occur when
sensitive instrumentation is connected to other instrumentation with more than one signal return path such
as power line ground. As shown in Figure 4-11, the
resulting ground loop causes current to flow through
the instrument LO signal leads and then back through
power line ground. This circulating current develops a
small but undesirable voltage between the LO terminals of the two instruments. This voltage will be added
to the source voltage, affecting the accuracy of the measurement.
RFI (Radio Frequency Interference) is a general term
used to describe electromagnetic interference over a
wide range of frequencies across the spectrum. Such
RFI can be particularly troublesome at low signal levels, but is can also affect measurements at high levels if
the problem is of sufficient severity.
RFI can be caused by steady-state sources such as radio
or TV signals, or some types of electronic equipment
(microprocessors, high speed digital circuits, etc.), or it
can result from impulse sources, as in the case of ar cing
in high-voltage environments. In either case, the effect
Figure 4-12 shows how to connect several instruments
together to eliminate this type of ground loop problem.
Here, only one instrument is connected to power line
ground.
Ground loops are not normally a problem with instruments having isolated LO terminals. However, all
instruments in the test setup may not be designed in
this manner . When in doubt, consult the manual for all
instrumentation in the test setup.
4-11
Operation
Signal Leads
Instrument 1 Instrument 2 Instrument 3
Ground Loop
Current
Power Line Ground
Figure 4-11
Power line ground loops
Instrument 1 Instrument 2 Instrument 3
Power Line Ground
4.5.5 Keeping connectors clean
As is the case with any high-resistance device, the
integrity of connectors can be damaged if they are not
handled properly. If connector insulation becomes contaminated, the insulation resistance will be substantially reduced, affecting high-impedance measurement
paths.
Oils and salts from the skin can contaminate connector
insulators, reducing their resistance. Also, contaminants present in the air can be deposited on the insulator surface. To avoid these problems, never touch the
connector insulating material. In addition, the 7013
card should be used only in clean, dry environments to
avoid contamination.
If the connector insulators should become contaminated, either by inadvertent touching, or from
air-borne deposits, they can be cleaned with a cotton
swab dipped in clean methanol. After thorough cleaning, they should be allowed to dry for several hours in
a low-humidity environment before use, or they can be
dried more quickly using dry nitrogen.
Figure 4-12
Eliminating ground loops
4.5.6 AC frequency response
The AC frequency response of the Model 7013 is
important in test systems that switch AC signals. Refer
to the specifications at the front of this manual.
4-12
5
Service Information
WARNING
The information in this section is
intended only for qualified service
personnel. Some of the procedures
may expose you to hazardous voltages that could result in personal
injury or death. Do not attempt to
perform these procedures unless you
are qualified to do so.
5.1 Introduction
This section contains information necessary to service
the Model 7013 relay card and is arranged as follows:
5.2 Handling and cleaning precautions Dis-
cusses handling procedures and cleaning methods for the switch card.
5.3 Performance verification Covers the proce-
dures necessary to determine if the card is
operating properly.
5.4 Special handling of static-sensitive devices
Reviews precautions necessary when handling
static-sensitive devices.
5.2 Handling and cleaning precautions
Because of the high impedance circuits on the Model
7013, care should be taken when handling or servicing
the card to prevent possible contamination, which
could degrade performance. The following precautions should be taken when handling the switch card.
Do not store or operate the card in an environment
where dust could settle on the circuit board. Use dry
nitrogen gas to clean dust off the card if necessary.
Handle the card only by the side edges and shields. Do
not touch any board surfaces, components, or connectors. Do not touch areas adjacent to electrical contacts.
When servicing the card, wear clean, cotton gloves.
If making solder repairs on the circuit board, use an
OA-based (organic activated) flux. Remove the flux
from these areas when the repair is complete. Use pur e
water along with plenty of clean cotton swabs to
remove the flux. Take care not to spread the flux to
other areas of the circuit board. Once the flux has been
removed, swab only the repaired area with methanol,
then blow dry the board with dry nitrogen gas.
5.5 Principles of operation Briefly discusses cir-
cuit operation.
5.6 Troubleshooting Presents some troubleshoot-
ing tips for the switch card.
After cleaning, the card should be placed in a 50°C low
humidity environment for several hours.
5-1
Service Information
5.3 Performance verification
The following paragraphs discuss performance verification procedures for the Model 7013, including channel resistance, offset current, contact potential, and
isolation.
CAUTION
Contamination will degrade the performance of the switch card. To avoid
contamination, always grasp the card
by the side edges and shields. Do not
touch the connectors, and do not
touch the board surfaces or components. On plugs and receptacles, do
not touch areas adjacent to the electrical contacts.
NOTE
Failure of any performance verification test may indicate that the switch
card is contaminated. See paragraph
5.2 to clean the card.
5.3.1 Environmental conditions
All verification measurements should be made at an
ambient temperature between 18° and 28°C, and at a
relative humidity of less than 70%.
5.3.2 Recommended equipment
T able 5-1 summarizes the equipment necessary for performance verification, along with an application for
each unit.
Table 5-1
Verification equipment
Description Model or part Specifications Applications
DMM Keithley Model 196 300 Ω ; 0.01% Path resistance
Electrometer w/voltage source Keithley Model 617 10pA, 100pA; 1.6%
100V source; 0.2%
Sensitive Digital Voltmeter Keithley Model 182 3mV; 60ppm Contact potential
Triax cable (unterminated) Keithley Model 7025
Low thermal cable
(unterminated)
Keithley Model 1484
Offset current, path isolation
Offset current
Contact potential
5-2
Service Information
5.3.3 Switch card connections
The following information summarizes methods that
can be used to connect test instrumentation to the two
connector cards. Detailed connection information is
provided in Section 3.
Model 7013-S Instrumentation can be hard-wired
directly to the screw terminals of the connector card.
Jumper wires should be kept as short as possible.
Model 7013-C One method to make instrument
connections to the switch card is to hard-wire a 96-pin
female DIN connector and then mate it to the
connector on the Model 7013-C. Shorting connections
can also be done at the connector. The connector in the
Model 7011-KIT-R connection kit (see Table 3-1) can be
used for this purpose. Pin identification for the multipin connector for the relay card is provided by Figure
3-4.
CAUTION
After making solder connections to a
connector, remove solder flux as
explained in paragraph 5.2. Failure to
clean the solder connections could
result in degraded performance, preventing the card from passing verification tests.
Before pre-wiring any connectors plugs, study the following test procedures to fully understand the connection requirements.
5.3.4 Channel resistance tests
Referring to Figure 5-1, perform the following steps to
verify that each contact of every relay is closing properly and that the resistance is within specification.
1. Turn the Model 7001 off if it is on.
2. Set the Model 196 to the 300 Ω range and connect
four test leads to the OHMS and OHMS SENSE
input.
3. Short the four test leads together and zero the
Model 196. Leave zero enabled for the entire test.
4. Connect OHMS HI and OHMS SENSE HI of the
Model 196 to the input (IN) high (H) terminal of
Channel 1 as shown in Figure 5-1A.
5. Connect OHMS LO and OHMS SENSE LO to the
output (OUT) high (H) terminal of Channel 1.
6. With the card installed in slot 1 (CARD 1) of the
mainframe, turn on the Model 7001 and program it
to close channel 1!1 (Slot 1, Channel 1), and verify
that the resistance of this channel is <1 Ω
7. Turn off the Model 7001 and connect OHMS HI
and OHMS SENSE HI of the Model 196 to the
input (IN) low (L) terminal of Channel 1 as shown
in Figure 5-1B.
8. Connect OHMS LO and OHMS SENSE LO to the
output (OUT) low (L) terminal of Channel 1.
9. With the card installed in slot 1 (CARD 1) of the
mainframe, turn on the Model 7001 and program it
to close channel 1!1 (Slot 1, Channel 1), and verify
that the resistance of this channel is <1 Ω .
10. Repeat the basic procedure of steps 1 through 9 to
test the rest of the channels of the Model 7013 relay
switch card. Remember to close the channel that
the Model 196 is connected to.
.
5-3
Service Information
Model 196
(Measure 4-Wire Ohms)
Each Channel :
Ohms Sense HI
Ohms HI
Ohms LO
Ohms Sense LO
A) High Path Test
Each Channel :
Ohms Sense HI
Ohms HI
7013
H
IN
L
L
OUT
H
7013
H
IN
L
Model 196
(Measure 4-Wire Ohms)
Figure 5-1
Channel resistance testing
Ohms LO
Ohms Sense LO
B) Low Path Test
L
OUT
H
5-4
Service Information
5.3.5 Offset current tests
These tests check leakage current from high (H) to low
(L) (differential), and from high (H) and low (L) to
chassis (common mode) for each channel. In general,
these tests are performed by simply measuring the
leakage current with an electrometer. In the following
procedure, the Model 617 is used to measure leakage
current.
Referring to Figure 5-2, perform the following procedure to check offset current:
1. Turn the Model 7001 off if it is on.
2. Connect the Model 617 electrometer to the input
(IN) of Channel 1 as shown in Figure 5-2A.
3. Install the switch card in slot 1 (CARD 1) of the
Model 7001 if it is not already installed.
4. On the Model 617, select the 200pA range, and
enable zero check and zero correct in that order.
Leave zero correct enabled for the entire
procedure.
5. Turn on the Model 7001
6. Program the Model 7001 to close Channel 1!1.
7. On the Model 617, disable zero check and verify
that it is <100pA. This measurement is the differential leakage current of the channel.
8. On the Model 617, enable zero check and turn the
Model 7001 off.
9. Connect the Model 617 electrometer to Channel 1
as shown in Figure 5-2B. Note that electrometer HI
is connected to both high (H) and low (L) of Channel 1 by using a jumper. Electrometer LO is connected to chassis ground, which is accessible at the
rear panel of the mainframe.
10. Install the switch card in slot 1 (CARD 1) of the
Model 7001 if it is not already installed.
11. On the Model 617, select the 200pA range, and
enable zero check and zero correct in that order.
Leave zero correct enabled for the entire
procedure.
12. Turn on the Model 7001
13. Program the Model 7001 to close channel 1!1.
14. On the Model 617, disable zero check and verify
that it is <100pA. This measurement is the common-mode leakage current of the channel.
15. On the Model 617, enable zero check.
16. Repeat the basic procedure in steps 1 through 15 to
check the other channels. Remember to close the
channel that the electrometer is connected to.
5.3.6 Contact potential tests
These tests check the EMF generated by each relay contact pair (H and L) for each channel. The tests simply
consist of using a sensitive DVM (Model 182) to measure the contact potential.
Perform the following procedure to check contact
potential of each path:
1. Turn the Model 7001 off if it is on.
2. As shown in Figure 5-3, short output (OUT) high
(H) to low (L) of Channel 1. The low thermal short
must be clean high purity copper.
3. Set the Model 182 to the 3mV range, short the input
leads and press REL READING to null out internal
offset. Leave REL enabled for the entir e pr ocedure.
4. Connect the Model 182 to a Channel 1 as shown in
the illustration.
5. Install the switch card in slot 1 (CARD 1) of the
Model 7001 if it is not already installed.
6. Turn on the Model 7001
7. Program the Model 7001 to close channel 1!1.
8. Verify that the reading on the Model 182 is <500nV.
This measurement is the contact potential of the
channel.
9. Repeat the basic procedure in steps 1 through 8 to
test the rest of the channels of the Model 7013.
5-5
Service Information
Model 7025
Unterminated
Triax Cable
INPUT
Model 617
(Measure Current)
Model 7025
Unterminated
Triax Cable
INPUT
Each Channel :
HI
LO
A) Differential Test
Each Channel :
Jumper
HI
7013
H
IN
L
L
OUT
H
7013
H
(Measure Current)
Figure 5-2
Offset current testing
Model 617
Chassis ground can be
accessed at the rear
panel of the 7001
LO
H
B) Common-Mode Test
IN
L
L
OUT
5-6
Model 1484
Low Thermal Cable
(Unterminated)
Service Information
KEITHLEY 182 SENSITIVEDIGITAL VOLTMETER
Model 182
TRG
SRQ
REM
TALK
LSTN
Figure 5-3
Contact potential testing
5.3.7 Channel to channel isolation tests
These tests check the leakage resistance (isolation)
between adjacent channels. A channel is simply the
high (H) and low (L) circuit from the input (IN) to the
output (OUT) that results by closing the channel relay.
HI
LO
Low thermal short;
clean, high purity
copper
The following steps use high voltage
(100V). Be sure to remove power
from the circuit before making connection changes.
Each channel :
H
IN
L
L
OUT
H
WARNING
7013
In general, the test is performed by applying a voltage
(+100V) across two adjacent channels and then measuring the leakage current across the channels. The isolation resistance is then calculated as R = V/I. In the
following procedure, the Model 617 functions as both a
voltage source and an ammeter. In the V/I function,
the Model 617 internally calculates the resistance from
the known voltage and current levels and displays the
resistance value.
Refer to Figure 5-4 and perform the following steps to
test channel to channel isolation:
1. Turn the Model 7001 off if it is on.
2. Jumper input (IN) high (H) to input (IN) low (L)
for Channels 1 and 2 as shown in Figure 5-4.
3. Connect the Model 617 to Channels 1 and 2 as
shown in the illustration. Make sure the voltage
source is in standby.
4. Install the Model 7013 in slot 1 (CARD 1) of the
Model 7001 if it is not already installed.
5. On the Model 617, select the 2pA range, and enable
zero check and zero correct in that order. Leave
zero correct enabled for the entire procedure.
6. On the Model 617, select the 20pA range and
release zero check.
7. On the Model 617, press suppress to cancel offset
current and then enable zero check.
8. On the Model 617, set the voltage source for +100V,
and select the 20nA current range. Make sure the
voltage source is in standby.
9. Place the Model 617 in the V/I measurement function by pressing SHIFT OHMS.
10. Turn on the Model 7001, and program it to close
Channels 1!1 and 1!2 (Channels 1 and 2).
11. On the Model 617, disable zero check and press
OPERATE to source +100V.
12. After allowing the reading on the Model 617 to settle, verify that it is >10G Ω
. This measurement is the
channel to channel leakage resistance (isolation)
between Channels 1 and 2.
13. Place the Model 617 in standby and enable zero
check.
14. Turn off the Model 7001.
5-7
Service Information
15. Disconnect the Model 617 from Channels 1 and 2,
and, in a similar manner, reconnect it to Channels
2 and 3 (electrometer high to Channel 2, and voltage source high to Channel 3).
16. Install the card in slot 1 (CARD 1) of the Model
7001 if it is not already installed.
17. Turn on the Model 7001 and program it to close
Channels 1!2 and 1!3.
Model 7025
Unterminated
Banana to Banana Cable
Ground Link
Removed
INPUT
Source V and
Measure V/I
Model
Unterminated
Banana Cables
617
Triax Cable
HI
(Red)
18. On the Model 617, disable zero check and press
OPERATE to source +100V.
19. After allowing the reading on the Model 617 to settle, verify that it is >10G Ω . This is the isolation
between Channels 2 and 3.
20. Using Table 5-2 as a guide, repeat the basic procedure of steps 13 through 19 for the rest of the path
pairs (starting with test #3).
Each Adjacent Channel Pair :
H
L
HI
L
H
IN
OUT
7013
Figure 5-4
Channel to channel testing
Jumpers
H
IN
L
L
OUT
H
5-8
Table 5-2
Channel to channel isolation tests
Test
no. Isolation test Test equipment location Channels closed
1 Channel 1 to Channel 2 Channels 1 and 2 1!1 and 1!2
2 Channel 2 to Channel 3 Channels 2 and 3 1!2 and 1!3
3 Channel 3 to Channel 4 Channels 3 and 4 1!3 and 1!4
4 Channel 4 to Channel 5 Channels 4 and 5 1!4 and 1!5
5 Channel 5 to Channel 6 Channels 5 and 6 1!5 and 1!6
6 Channel 6 to Channel 7 Channels 6 and 7 1!6 and 1!7
7 Channel 7 to Channel 8 Channels 7 and 8 1!7 and 1!8
8 Channel 8 to Channel 9 Channels 8 and 9 1!8 and 1!9
Service Information
9 Channel 9 to Channel 10 Channels 9 and 10 1!9 and 1!10
10 Channel 10 to Channel 11 Channels 10 and 11 1!10 and 1!11
11 Channel 11 to Channel 12 Channels 11 and 12 1!11 and 1!12
12 Channel 12 to Channel 13 Channels 12 and 13 1!12 and 1!13
13 Channel 13 to Channel 14 Channels 13 and 14 1!13 and 1!14
14 Channels 14 to Channel 15 Channels 14 and 15 1!14 and 1!15
15 Channels 15 to Channel 16 Channels 15 and 16 1!15 and 1!16
16 Channels 16 to Channel 17 Channels 16 and 17 1!16 and 1!17
17 Channels 17 to Channel 18 Channels 17 and 18 1!17 and 1!18
18 Channel 18 to Channel 19 Channels 18 and 19 1!18 and 1!19
19 Channel 19 to Channel 20 Channels 19 and 20 1!19 and 1!20
5-9
Service Information
5.3.8 Differential isolation tests
These tests check the differential isolation (leakage
resistance) between high (H) and low (L) of every
channel.
In general, the test is performed by applying a voltage
(100V) across the terminals and then measuring the
leakage current. The isolation resistance is then calculated as R = V/I. In the following procedure, the Model
617 functions as a voltage source and an ammeter. In
the V/I function, the Model 617 internally calculates
the resistance from the known voltage and current levels and displays the resistance value.
Refer to Figure 5-5 and perform the following steps to
test differential isolation.
1. Turn the Model 7001 off if it is on.
2. Connect the Model 617 to Channel 1 as shown in
Figure 5-5. Make sure the voltage source is in
standby.
3. Install the Model 7013 in slot 1 (CARD 1) of the
Model 7001 if it is not already installed.
4. On the Model 617, select the 2pA range, and enable
zero check and zero correct in that order. Leave
zero correct enabled for the entire procedure.
5. On the Model 617, set the voltage source for +100V,
and select the 20nA current range. Make sure the
voltage source is still in standby.
6. Place the Model 617 in the V/I measurement function by pressing SHIFT OHMS.
7. Turn on the Model 7001 and program the Model
7001 to close Channel 1!1 (Slot 1, Channel 1).
8. On the Model 617, disable zero check and press
OPERATE to source +100V.
9. After allowing the reading on the Model 617 to settle, verify that it is >10G Ω . This measurement
checks the differential isolation of Channel 1.
10. Enable zero check on the Model 617 and place its
voltage source in standby.
11. Repeat the basic procedure in steps 1 through 10 to
check differential isolation of the other channels of
the Model 7013. Remember to close the relay of the
channel being checked.
12. Place the Model 617 in standby and turn the Model
7001 off.
WARNING
The following steps use high voltage
(100V). Be sure to remove power
from the circuit before making connection changes.
Banana to Banana Cable
Ground Link
Removed
Source V and
Measure V/I
Figure 5-5
Differential isolation testing
INPUT
Model 617
Unterminated
Banana Cable
Model 7025
Unterminated
Triax Cable
Each channel :
HI
(Red)
HI
7013
H
IN
L
L
OUT
H
5-10
Service Information
5.3.9 Common-mode isolation tests
These tests check the common-mode isolation (leakage
resistance) between high (H) and low (L) of every
channel.
In general, the test is performed by applying a voltage
(100V) and then measuring the leakage current. The
isolation resistance is then calculated as R = V/I. In the
following procedure, the Model 617 functions as a voltage source and an ammeter. In the V/I function, the
Model 617 internally calculates the resistance from the
known voltage and current levels and displays the
resistance value.
Refer to Figure 5-6 and perform the following steps to
test common-mode isolation.
1. Turn the Model 7001 off if it is on.
2. Connect the Model 617 to Channel 1 as shown in
Figure 5-6. Make sure the voltage source is in
standby. Note that the voltage source HI is connected to both input (IN) high (H) and low (L) by
installing a jumper. Electrometer HI can be connected to chassis ground at the rear panel of the
Model 7001.
3. Install the Model 7013 in slot 1 (CARD 1) of the
Model 7001 if it is not already installed.
WARNING
The following steps use high voltage
(100V). Be sure to remove power
from the circuit before making connection changes.
4. On the Model 617, select the 2pA range, and enable
zero check and zero correct in that order. Leave
zero correct enabled for the entire procedure.
5. On the Model 617, set the voltage source for +100V,
and select the 20nA current range. Make sure the
voltage source is still in standby.
6. Place the Model 617 in the V/I measurement function by pressing SHIFT OHMS.
7. Turn on the Model 7001 and program the Model
7001 to close Channel 1!1 (Slot 1, Channel 1).
8. On the Model 617, disable zero check and press
OPERATE to source +100V.
9. After allowing the reading on the Model 617 to settle, verify that it is >10G Ω . This measurement
checks the common-mode isolation of Channel 1.
10. Enable zero check on the Model 617 and place its
voltage source in standby.
11. Repeat the basic procedure in steps 1 through 10 to
check differential isolation of the other channels of
the Model 7013. Remember to close the relay of the
channel being checked.
12. Place the Model 617 in standby and turn the Model
7001 off.
Banana to Banana Cable
Ground Link
Removed
INPUT
Source V and
Measure V/I
Unterminated
Banana Cable
Figure 5-6
Common-mode isolation testing
Model 617
Chassis ground is
accessible at 7001
rear panel
Model 7025
Unterminated
Triax Cable
HI
(Red)
HI
Jumper
Each channel :
H
IN
L
L
OUT
H
7013
5-11
Service Information
5.4 Special handling of static-sensitive devices
CMOS and other high-impedance devices are subject
to possible static discharge damage because of the
high-impedance levels involved. The following precautions pertain specifically to static-sensitive devices.
However, since many devices in the Model 7013 are
static-sensitive, it is recommended that they all be
treated as static-sensitive.
1. Such devices should be transported and handled
only in containers specially designed to prevent or
dissipate static build-up. Typically, these devices
will be received in anti-static containers made of
plastic or foam. Keep these parts in their original
containers until ready for installation.
2. Remove the devices from their protective containers only at a properly grounded work station. Also,
ground yourself with a suitable wrist strap while
working with these devices.
3. Handle the devices only by the body; do not touch
the pins.
4. Any printed circuit board into which the device is
to be inserted must first be grounded to the bench
or table.
5. Use only anti-static type de-soldering tools and
grounded-tip soldering irons.
5.5.2 ID data circuits
Upon power-up, card identification information from
each card is read by the mainframe. This ID data
includes such information as card ID, hardware settling time, and relay configuration information.
ID data is contained within an on-card EEPROM
(U105). In order to read this information, the sequence
described below is performed on power-up.
1. The IDDA T A line (pin 6 of U105) is set from high to
low while the IDCLK line (pin 5 of U105) is held
high. This action initiates a start command to the
ROM to transmit data serially to the mainframe
(Figure 5-8).
2. The mainframe sends the ROM address location to
be read over the IDDATA line. The ROM then
transmits an acknowledge signal back to the mainframe, and it then transmits data at that location
back to the mainframe (Figure 5-9).
3. The mainframe then transmits an acknowledge
signal, indicating that it requires more data. The
ROM will then sequentially transmit data after
each acknowledge signal it receives.
4. Once all data is received, the mainframe sends a
stop command, which is a low-to-high transition
of the IDDATA line with the IDCLK line held high
(see Figure 5-9).
5.5 Principles of operation
The paragraphs below discuss the basic operating
principles for the Model 7013 and can be used as an aid
in troubleshooting the switch card. The schematic
drawing of the switch card is shown on drawing number 7013-106, located at the end of Section 6.
5.5.1 Block diagram
Figure 5-7 shows a simplified block diagram of the
Model 7013. Key elements include the relay drivers
and relays, as well as the ROM, which contains card ID
and configuration information. These various elements
are discussed in the following paragraphs.
5-12
5.5.3 Relay control
Card relays are controlled by serial data transmitted
via the relay DATA line. A total of five bytes for each
card are shifted in serial fashion into latches located in
the card relay driver ICs. The serial data is clocked in
by the CLK line. As data overflows one register, it is fed
out the Q’s line of the register down the chain.
Once all five bytes have shifted into the card, the
STROBE line is set high to latch the relay information
into the Q outputs of the relay drivers, and the appropriate relays are energized (assuming the driver outputs are enabled, as discussed below). Note that a relay
driver output goes low to energize the corresponding
relay.
Service Information
To Mainframe
To Mainframe
Figure 5-7
Model 7013 block diagram
CLK
Data
Strobe
Enable
ID CLK
ID DATA
+6V,
+14.6V
Relay
Drivers
U100U104
ROM
U105
Relays
User connections
+3.5V (Steady State)
+5.7 (≈ 100 msec during
relay actuation)
Relay
Power
Control
Q100, Q101
U106, U107
ID CLK
ID DATA
Figure 5-8
Start and stop sequences
Start Bit Stop Bit
5-13
Service Information
ID CLK
IDDATA
(Data output
from mainframe
or ROM)
IDDATA
(Data output
from mainframe
or ROM)
Start
Figure 5-9
Transmit and acknowledge sequence
5.5.4 Relay power control
A relay power control circuit, made up of U106, U107,
Q100, Q101, and associated components, keeps power
dissipated in relay coils at a minimum, thus reducing
possible problems caused by thermal EMFs.
During steady-state operation, the relay supply voltage, +V, is regulated to +3.5V to minimize coil power
dissipation. When a relay is first closed, the STROBE
pulse applied to U106 changes the parameters of the
relay supply voltage regulator, Q100, allowing the
relay supply voltage, +V, to rise to +5.7V for about
100ms. This brief voltage rise ensures that relays close
as quickly as possible. After the 100ms period has
elapsed, the relay supply voltage (+V) drops back
down to its nominal steady-state value of +3.5V.
5.5.5 Power-on safeguard
NOTE
The power-on safeguard circuit
discussed in the following paragraph
is actually located on the digital board
in the Model 7001 mainframe.
189
Acknowledge
A power-on safeguard circuit, made up of U114 (a
D-type flip-flop) and associated components ensures
that relays do not randomly energize on power-up and
power-down. This circuit disables all relays (all relays
are open) during power-up and power-down periods.
The PRESET line on the D-type flip-flop is controlled
by the 68302 microprocessor, while the CLK line of the
D-type flip-flop is controlled by a port line on the 68302
processor. The Q output of the flip-flop drives each
switch card relay driver IC enable pin (U100-U104,
pin 8).
When the 68302 microprocessor is in the reset mode,
the flip-flop PRESET line is held low, and Q out immediately goes high, disabling all relays (relay driver IC
enable pins are high, disabling the relays.) After the
reset condition elapses ( ≈
200msec), PRESET goes high
while Q out stays high. When the first valid STROBE
pulse occurs, a low logic level is clocked into the Dtype flip-flop, setting Q out low and enabling all relay
drivers simultaneously. Note that Q out stays low,
(enabling relay drivers) until the 68302 processor goes
into a reset condition.
5-14
Service Information
5.6 Troubleshooting
5.6.1 Troubleshooting equipment
Table 5-3 summarizes recommended equipment for
troubleshooting the Model 7013.
Table 5-3
Recommended troubleshooting equipment
Manufacturer
Description
Multimeter Keithley 196 Measure DC voltages
Oscilloscope TEK 2243 View logic waveforms
5.6.2 Troubleshooting access
In order to gain access to the relay card top surface to
measure voltages under actual operation conditions,
perform the following steps:
1. Disconnect the connector card from the relay card.
2. Remove the Model 7001 cover.
3. Install the relay card in the CARD 1 slot location.
4. Turn on Model 7001 power to measure voltages
(see following paragraph).
and model Application
5.6.3 Troubleshooting procedure
Table 5-4 summarizes switch card troubleshooting.
CAUTION
Observe the following precautions
when troubleshooting or repairing
the switch card:
To avoid contamination, which could
degrade card performance, always
handle the card only by the handle
and side edges. Do not touch edge
connectors, board surfaces, or components on the card. Also, do not
touch areas adjacent to electrical contacts on connectors.
Use care when removing relays from
the PC board to avoid pulling traces
away from the circuit board. Before
attempting to remove a relay , use an
appropriate de-soldering tool such as
a solder sucker to clear each mounting hole completely free of solder.
Each relay pin must be free to move
in its mounting hole before removal.
Also, make certain that no burrs are
present on the ends of the relay pins.
5-15
Service Information
Table 5-4
Troubleshooting procedure
Step Item/component Required condition Comments
1 GND pad All voltages referenced to digital ground
(GND pad).
2 +6V pad +6VDC Relay voltage.
3 +5V pad +5VDC Logic voltage.
4 +14.6V pad +14.6VDC Relay bias voltage.
5 +V pad +3.5VDC* Regulated relay voltage.
6 U105, pin 5 ID CLK pulses During power-up only.
7 U105, pin 6 ID DATA pulses During power-up only.
8 U100, pin 7 STROBE pulse End of relay update sequence.
9 U100, pin 2 CLK pulses During relay update sequence only.
10 U100, pin 3 DATA pulses During relay update sequence only.
11 U100-U104, pins 10-18 Low with relay energized;
Relay driver outputs.
high with relay de-energized.
*+3.5VDC present at +V pad under steady-state conditions. This voltage rises to +5.7VDC for about 100msec when relay configuration is
changed.
5-16
6
Replaceable Parts
6.1 Introduction
This section contains replacement parts information,
schematic diagrams, and component layout drawings
for the Model 7013.
6.2 Parts lists
Parts lists for the various circuit boards are included in
tables integrated with schematic diagrams and component layout drawings for the boards. Parts are listed
alphabetically in order of circuit designation.
6.3 Ordering information
To place an order, or to obtain information concerning
replacement parts, contact your Keithley representative or the factory (see inside front cover for addresses).
When ordering parts, be sure to include the following
information:
1. Card model number 7013
2. Card serial number
3. Part description
4. Circuit description, if applicable
5. Keithley part number
6.4 Factory service
If the card is to be returned to Keithley Instruments for
repair, perform the following:
1. Complete the service form at the back of this manual and include it with the card.
2. Carefully pack the card in the original packing
carton.
3. W rite ATTENTION REPAIR DEPT on the shipping
label.
Note: It is not necessary to return the matrix mainframe with the card.
6-1
Replaceable Parts
6.5 Component layouts and schematic diagrams
Component layout drawings and schematic diagrams
are included on the following pages with the parts lists:
T able 6-1 Parts List, Relay Card for 7013-S and 7013-C.
Table 6-2 Parts List, Screw Terminated Connector
Card for 7013-S.
Table 6-3 Parts List, Mass Terminated Connector Card
for 7013-C.
7013-100 Component Layout, Relay Card for 7013-S
and 7013-C.
7013-106 Schematic, Relay Card for 7013-S and
7013-C.
7013-160 Component Layout, Screw T erminated Con-
nector Card for 7013-S.
7013-166 Schematic, Screw Terminated Connector
Card for 7013-S.
7013-170 Component Layout, Mass Terminated Con-
nector Card for 7013-C
7013-176 Schematic, Mass Terminated Connector
Card for 7013-C.
6-2
Table 6-1
Relay board for Model 7013-S and 7013-C, parts list
Circuit designation Description
EJECTOR ARM
ROLL PIN (FOR EJECTOR ARMS)
SHIELD
SOCKET (FOR U105)
2-56 × ¼ PHILLIPS PAN HD (FOR SCANNER SHIELD)
2-56 ×
PHILLIPS PAN HEAD (P2001 TO STANDOFF)
4-40 × ¼ PHILLIPS PAN HD SEMS SCREW
(SCANNER BD TO TERMINAL BD)
4-40 × ³/
PHIL. PAN HD SEMS (FOR Q100)
Replaceable Parts
Keithley
part number
7011-301
DP-6-1
7011-305
SO-72
2-56 × ¼ PPH
2-56 ×
PPH
4-40 × ¼ PPHSEM
4-40 × ³/ PPHSEM
C101-103,105-109,116,117,118
C110,111
C112
C113-115
C119,120,121
CR100-119
J1002,1003
K100-119
P2001
Q100
Q101
R100
R101
R102,103
R104
R105
R106
U101-103
U105
U106
U107
CAP, .1µF, 20%, 50V, CERAMIC
CAP, 1µF, 20%, 50V, CERAMIC
CAP, 0.001µF, 20%, 500V, CERAMIC
CAP, 10µF, -20+100%, 25V, ALUM ELEC
CAP, 150pF, 10%, 1000V, CERAMIC
DIODE, SILICON, IN4148 (DO-35)
CONNECTOR, MALE
RELAY, ULTRA-SMALL POLARIZED TF2E-5V
CONNECTOR, RIGHT ANGLE MALE
TRANS, NPN PWR, TIP31 (TO-220AB)
TRANS, N CHAN MOSPOW FET, V11713 (TO-92)
RES, 2.49K, 1%,
RES, 1.15K, 1%,
W, METAL FILM
W, METAL FILM
RES, 1K, 5%, ¼ W, COMPOSITION OR FILM
RES, 1K, 1%,
W, METAL FILM
RES, 220K, 5%, ¼ W, COMPOSITION OR FILM
RES, 10K, 5%, ¼ W, COMPOSITION OR FILM
IC, 8-BIT SERIAL-IN LATCH DRIVER, 5841A
EPROM PROGRAM
IC, RETRIG MONO MULTIVIB, 74HC123
IC, AJD SHUNT REGULATOR, TL431CLP
C-365-.1
C-237-1
C-22-.001
C-314-10
C-64-150P
RF-28
CS-736-2
RL-149
CS-775-1
TG-253
TG-195
R-88-2.49K
R-88-1.15K
R-76-1K
R-88-1K
R-76-220K
R-76-10K
IC-536
7013-800-***
IC-492
IC-677
*** Order current firmware revision level.
6-3
CHANGED U105 TO TC17-100
25918
D2
TC17-100 BOARD ASSEMBLY
ORIENT ARROW TOWARD PIN 1 OF DEVICE
6/20/01
ELS
TC17-100
25918
D2
Replaceable Parts
Table 6-2
Screw terminal board for Model 7013-S, parts list
Circuit designation Description
CABLE CLAMP
CAPTIVE SCREW (FOR TOP CLAMP)
CONNECTOR SHIM (FOR P1002, 1003)
SHIELD
STRIP, POLYURETHANE (FOR BOTTOM CLAMP)
TOP CLAMP
2-56 × / PHILLIPS PAN HEAD
(FOR TERMINAL BOARD SHIELD)
Keithley
part number
7011-304-3
FA-243-1
7011-309
2011-305
7011-345-1
7011-302
2-56 × / PPH
J1004-1023
P1002,1003
TERMINAL BLOCK
CONNECTOR, FEMALE
Table 6-3
Mass terminated board for Model 7013-C, parts list
Circuit designation Description
BRACKET
CONNECTOR SHIM
SHIELD
STANDOFF
J1004
P1002,P1003
CONN, 96-PIN, 3 ROWS
CONNECTOR, FEMALE
TE-115-4
CS-748-3
Keithley
part number
7011-307
7011-309
7011-311
ST-203-1
CS-514
CS-748-3
6-4
Service Form
Model No. Serial No. Date
Name and Telephone No.
Company
List all control settings, describe problem and check boxes that apply to problem.
Intermittent
❏
❏
IEEE failure
Front panel operational
❏
Display or output (check one)
Drifts
❏
Unstable
❏
❏
Overload
❏
Calibration only
Data required
❏
(attach any additional sheets as necessary)
Show a block diagram of your measurement system including all instruments connected (whether power is turned on or not).
Also, describe signal source.
Analog output follows display
❏
❏
Obvious problem on power-up
All ranges or functions are bad
❏
Unable to zero
❏
Will not read applied input
❏
❏
CertiÞcate of calibration required
Particular range or function bad; specify
❏
❏
Batteries and fuses are OK
Checked all cables
❏
Where is the measurement being performed? (factory, controlled laboratory, out-of-doors, etc.)
What power line voltage is used? Ambient temperature? ¡F
Relative humidity? Other?
Any additional information. (If special modiÞcations have been made by the user, please describe.)
Be sure to include your name and phone number on this service form
.
Keithley Instruments, Inc.
28775 Aurora Road
Cleveland, Ohio 44139
Printed in the U.S.A.
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