This document applies to instruments running software version
3.19.x or later.
Warning
The servicing instructions are for use by qualified personnel
only. To avoid personal injury, do not perform any servicing
unless you are qualified to do so. Refer to all safety summaries
prior to performing service.
Tektronix products are covered by U.S. and foreign patents, issued and pending. Information in this publication
supersedes that in all previously published material. Specifications and price change privileges reserved.
TEKTRONIX a nd TEK are registered trademarks of Tektronix, Inc.
Contacting Tektronix
Tektronix, Inc.
14150 SW Karl Braun Drive
P.O . Bo x 5 00
Beaverto
USA
For product information, sales, service, and technical support:
n, OR 97077
In North America, call 1-800-833-9200.
Worldwide, visit www.tek.com to find contacts in your area.
Warranty
Tektronix warrants that this product will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one (1)
year from the date of shipment. If any such product proves defective during this warranty period, Tektronix, at its
option, either will repair the defective product without charge for parts and labor, or will provide a replacement
in exchange for the defective product. Parts, modules and replacement products used by Tektronix for warranty
work may be n
the property of Tektronix.
ew or reconditioned to like new performance. All replaced parts, modules and products become
In order to o
the warranty period and make suitable arrangements for the performance of service. Customer shall be responsible
for packaging and shipping the defective product to the service center designated by Tektronix, with shipping
charges prepaid. Tektronix shall pay for the return of the product to Customer if the shipment is to a location within
the country in which the Tektronix service center is located. Customer shall be responsible for paying all shipping
charges, duties, taxes, and any other charges for products returned to any other locations.
This warranty shall not apply to any defect, failure or damage caused by improper use or improper or inadequate
maintenance and care. Tektronix shall not be obligated to furnish service under this warranty a) to repair damage
result
b) to repair damage resulting from improper use or connection to incompatible equipment; c) to repair any damage
or malfunction caused by the use of non-Tektronix supplies; or d) to service a product that has been modified or
integrated with other products when the effect of such modification or integration increases the time or difficulty
of servicing the product.
THIS WARRANTY IS GIVEN BY TEKTRONIX WITH RESPECT TO THE PRODUCT IN LIEU OF ANY
OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS DISCLAIM ANY
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
TRONIX' RESPONSIBILITY TO REPAIR OR REPLACE DEFECTIVE PRODUCTS IS THE SOLE
TEK
AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY PROVIDED TO THE CUSTOMER FOR BREACH OF THIS WARRANTY.
TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL,
OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IRRESPECTIVE OF WHETHER TEKTRONIX OR THE VENDOR HAS
ADVANCE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
[W2 – 15AUG04]
btain service under this warranty, Customer must notify Tektronix of the defect before the expiration of
ing from attempts by personnel other than Tektronix representatives to install, repair or service the product;
Table of Contents
Important safety information ......................... .................................. ...........................v
General safety summary ......................................................................................v
Service safety summary........................ ................................ .............................vii
Terms i n th i
Symbols and terms on the product.........................................................................viii
wer requirements ......... .................................. ................................ ........40
ivRSA7100A Specifications and Performance Verification
Important safety information
This manual contains information and warnings that must be followed by the user
for safe operation and to keep the product in a safe condition.
To safely perform service on this product, additional information is provided at
the end of this section. (See page vii, Service safety summary.)
General safety summary
Use the product only as specified. Revie
avoid injury and prevent damage to this product or any products connected to it.
Carefully read all instructions. Retain these instructions for future reference.
Comply with local and national safety codes.
For correct and safe operation of the product, it is essential that you follow
generally accepted safety procedures in addition to the safety precautions specified
in this manual.
The product is designed to be used by trained personnel only.
Only qualified personnel who are aware of the hazards involved should remove
the cover for repair, maintenance, or adjustment.
Before use, always check the product with a known source to be sure it is
operating correctly.
This product is not intended for detection of hazardous voltages.
Use personal protective equipment to prevent shock and arc blast injury where
hazardous live conductors are e xposed.
While using this product, you may need to access other parts of a larger system.
Read the safety sections of the other component manuals for warnings and
cautions related to operating the system.
w the following safety precautions to
When incorporating this equipment into a system, the safety of that system is the
responsibility of the assembler of the system.
To avoid fire or personal
injury
RSA7100A Specifications and Performance Verificationv
Use proper power cord. Use only the power cord specified for this product and
certified for the country of use.
Do not use the provided power cord for other products.
Ground the product. This product is grounded through the grounding conductor
of the power cord. To avoid electric shock, the grounding conductor must be
connected to earth ground. Before making connections to the input or output
terminals of the product, make sure that the product is properly grounded.
Do not disable the power cord grounding connection.
Important safety information
Power disconne
source. See instructions for the location. Do not position the equipment so that
it is difficult to operate the power cord; it must remain accessible to the user at
all times to allow for quick disconnection if needed.
Observe all terminal ratings. To a v oid fire or shock hazard, observe all ratings
and markings on the product. Consult the product manual for further ratings
information before making connections to the product. Do not exceed the
Measurement Category (CAT) rating and voltage or current rating of the lowest
rated individual component of a product, probe, or accessory. Use caution when
using 1:1 test leads because the probe tip voltage is directly transmitted to the
product.
Do not apply a potential to any terminal, including the common terminal, that
exceeds the m
The measuring terminals on this product are not rated for connection to mains or
Category II, III, or IV circuits.
Do not operate without covers. Do not operate this product with covers or panels
removed, or with the case open. Hazardous voltage exposure is possible.
Avoid exposed circuitry. Do not touch exposed connections and components
when power is present.
ct. The power cord disconnects the product from the power
aximum rating of that terminal.
Do not operate with suspected failures. If you suspect that there is damage to this
product, have it inspected by qualified service personnel.
Disable the product if it is damaged. Do not use the product if it is damaged
or operates incorrectly. If in doubt about safety of the product, turn it off and
disconnect the power cord. Clearly mark the product to prevent its further
operation.
Examine the exterior of the product before you use it. Look for cracks or missing
pieces.
Use only specified replacement parts.
Do not operate in wet/damp conditions. Be aware that condensation may occur if
a unit is moved from a cold to a warm environment.
Do not operate in an explosive atmosphere.
Keep product surfaces clean and dry. Remove the input signals before you clean
the product.
Provide proper v entilation. Refer to the installation instructions in the manual for
details on installing the product so it has proper ventilation.
Slots and openings are provided for ventilation and should never be covered or
otherwise o bstructed. Do not push objects into any of the openings.
viRSA7100A Specifications and Performance Verification
Important safety information
Provideasafew
convenient for viewing the display and indicators.
Avoid imprope
Improper or prolonged keyboard or pointer use may result in serious injury.
Be sure your
ergonomics professional to avoid stress injuries.
Use care whe
handles for lifting and carrying.
WAR N ING. The product is heavy. To reduce the risk of personal injury or damage
to the device get help when lifting or carrying the product. Use a two-person
lift or a mechanical aid.
Use only the Tektronix rackmount hardware specified for this product.
Servicesafetysummary
The Service safety summary section contains additional information required to
safely perform service on the product. Only qualified personnel should perform
service procedures. Read this Service safety summary and the General safety
summ
orking environment. Always place the product in a location
r or prolonged use of keyboards, pointers, and button pads.
work area meets applicable ergonomic standards. Consult w ith an
n lifting and carrying the product. This product is provided with
ary before performing any service procedures.
To avoid electric shock. Do not touch exposed connections.
Do not service alone. Do not perform internal service or adjustments of this
product unless another person capable of rendering first aid and resuscitation is
esent.
pr
Disconnect power. To avoid electric shock, switch off the product power and
disconnect the power cord from the mains power before removing any covers or
panels, or opening the case for servicing.
Use care w hen servicing with power on. Dangerous voltages or currents may exist
in this product. Disconnect power, remove battery (if applicable), and disconnect
test leads before removing protective panels, soldering, or replacing components.
Verify safety after repair. Always recheck ground continuity and mains dielectric
strength after performing a repair.
RSA7100A Specifications and Performance Verificationvii
Important safety information
Termsinthismanual
These terms may appear in this manual:
WARNING. Warning statements identify conditions or practices that could result
in injury or loss of life.
CAUTION. Caution statements identify conditions or practices that could result in
damage to this product or other property.
Symbols and terms on the product
These ter
The following symbol(s) may appear on the product:
ms may appear on the product:
DANGER indicates an injury hazard immediately accessible as you read
the mark
WARNING indicates an injury hazard not immediately accessible as you
read th
CAUTION indicates a hazard to property including the product.
ing.
e marking.
When this symbol is marked on the product, be sure to consult the manual
to find out the nature of the potential hazards and any actions which have to
betakentoavoidthem. (Thissymbolmayalsobeusedtorefertheuserto
ratings in the manual.)
viiiRSA7100A Specifications and Performance Verification
Preface
Related Documentation
This document contains the Specifications and the Performance Verification for
the RSA7100A Real-Time Spectrum Analyzer. It contains procedures suitable
for determin
performance characteristics as warranted.
ing that the analyzer functions, is adjusted properly, and meets the
Product documentation
Demonstration guides
The following documents relate to the operation of the analyzer.
The RSA71
provides installation, setup, and basic operating information.
The Sign
information about how to use the measurements and capabilities of the
application with the RSA7100A. This is available in the instrument UI and on
the web as a PDF at www.Tek.com.
The SignalVu-PC Programmer Manual describes how to use a c omputer to
control the application and RSA7100A through the remote commands.
The RSA7100A Real-Time Spectrum Analyzer Specifications and PerformanceVer i fication Technical Reference provides specifications and performance
verification procedures for the RSA7100A.
The following demonstration guides are available for download on www.Tek.com.
Interference Hunting
is demonstration guide shows how spectrum management operators can
Th
discover and capture signals of interest, using Swept DPX, with as short as
100 us duration and 100% Probability of Intercept (POI) that would be easily
hidden with traditional instruments. DPX can now be used to sweep across
the entire instrument’s frequency range. With traditional swept spectrum
analyzers and vector signal analyzers, only 1 spectrum trace is displayed.
With Swept DPX, the instrument dwells at each step to build the entire
spectrum with thousands of spectrums displayed in a way that is usable for
the engineers or spectrum managers.
00A Real-Time Spectrum Analyzer Quick Start User Manual
alVu-PC Vector Signal Analysis Software Help provides detailed
EMC Precompliance a nd EMC testing
With this demonstration guide, you will explore what you can do with the
Tektronix USB spectrum analyzer with EMCVu. Applications range from
simple frequency / amplitude measurements of RF signals to real-time and
modulation analysis that provide you with a complete system view of your
device under test.
Signal Locating
RSA7100A Specifications and Performance Verificationix
Preface
RSA Map tool in t
lets you use an on-screen map to record the location and value of
RSA/SignalVu-PC/SPECMON measurements. With RSA Map you can use a
GPS receiver to automatically position measurements at your current location
on maps with geophysical reference information. The example in this Demo
guide uses a free o nline mapping source OpenStreetMap to capture maps.
OpenStreet
world. It can capture a map anywhere in the world and can export it in its
native format, bitmap image, and embeddable HTML.
LTE
In this de
measurements either using RSA demo board for base station transmitter tests,
or using an antenna for the over-the-air signal analysis.
Internet of Things (IoT)
In this
RSA to make the standard certification tests on IoT devices. Wireless
technology standards are needed to ensure that products can interoperate
within the ecosystem where they will be deployed. There are a number of
technologies to choose from, including Wi-Fi®, Bluetooth®, ZigBee®, and
LoRa®. However, to adhere to the standard, new products will need to meet
ification as defined per the standard selected. Failing qualification can
qual
mean design turns that will delay the final product release and draw additional
significant development cost.
Map is a collaborative project to create a free editable map of the
monstration guide, you will learn how to make LTE downlink
demonstration guide, you will learn how to use Tektronix USB
he Tektronix RSA/SignalVu-PC/SPECMON
SignalVu-PC
is demonstration guide is designed to help you understand the benefits
Th
of SignalVu PC for analysis of waveforms captured by Tektronix
DPO/DSA/MSO Series digital oscilloscopes, MDO4000 Multi-Domain
Oscilloscopes and Tektronix Real Time Signal Analyzers. Applications
include: CW Tone, Wideband Radar, Hopping Waveforms, Wideband
Monudaltion, Multi-domain oscilloscope acquisitions, AM/FM/PM/Audio
Analysis, Signal Monitoring with RTSA waveforms, and WLAN 802.11ac
Signal Analysis.
xRSA7100A Specifications and Performance Veri fi cation
Specifications
This section contains specifications for the RSA7100A Real-Time Spectrum
Analyzer. All specifications are warranted unless noted as a typical specification.
Table 1: Spe
CategoryDescription
Specified CharacteristicsThese are the warranted characteristics of the device,
Typical
l-95
Typica
Typical-mean
Nominal
cification categories
and are tested either on each unit in manufacturing
or by typemeasurement tolerance and temperature limits.
This is performance that will be met by 80% of
measured values meeting the specification with 80%
confidenc
of 18 °C to 28 °C, immediately after performing
a full alignment. Values include the effects of the
uncerta
aging over the course of the published calibration
interval. These values are determined from
qualific
the performance verification.
This is performance that will be met by 95% of
instruments with 95% confidence, for ambient
tempe
immediately after performing an alignment. Values
include the effects of the uncertainties of external
calib
the recommended calibration interval. These values
are determined from qualification testing and are not
warr
This
on a sample of units. Sample data is collected at
laboratory temperature, immediately after performing
an a
of uncertainties of external calibration references
and aging over the course of the recommended
cal
qualification testing and are not warranted or tested in
the performance verification.
Guaranteed by design. Characteristics do not have
lerance limits.
to
testing. Specified characteristics include
e, for ambient temperatures in the range
inties of external calibration references and
ation testing and are not warranted or tested in
ratures in the range of 18 °C to 28 °C,
ration references and aging over the course of
anted or tested in the performance verification.
represents the mean of performance measured
lignment. Values do not include the effects
ibration interval. These values are determined from
Specifications that are marked with thesymbol are checked in the Performance
Ver ification s ection.
RSA7100A Specifications and Performance Verification1
Specifications
Performance C
onditions
Power sequence
Electrical Specifications
The performance limits in these specifications are valid with these conditions:
The signal analyzer must have been calibrated and adjusted at an ambient
temperature between +18 °C (+64 °C) and +28 °C (+82 °C).
The signal analyzer must be in an environment with temperature, altitude,
humidity, and vibration within the operating limits described in these
specifications.
The signal analyzer must have had a warm-upperiodofatleast30minutes
after starting the RSA7100A application and at the operating temperature.
The converter unit (RSA7100A) must be plugged in prior to powering up the
roller (CTRL7100A). If the converter is disconnected from power, or
cont
otherwise becomes nonresponsive, the controller must be powered down and
restarted to reset the converter. It is not sufficient to use the Windows “Restart”
function; the c ontroller must be powered down with the Windows “Shutdown”
function or equivalent.
Table 2: Connector interfaces (RSA7100A)
CharacteristicDescription
RF Input
External Frequency Reference
Input
External Frequency Reference
Output
Trigger/Sync InputBNC, female
Noise Source ControlBNC, female
GPS AntennaBNC, female
IRIG-B InputBNC, female
1PPSSMA, female
40 GHz Planar Crown bulkhead with 3.5 m m female coaxial adapter
BNC, female
BNC, female
Table 3: Frequency range
CharacteristicDescription
Frequency range
Preamp off16 kHz to 14 GHz (RSA7100A Opt 14)
Preamp on
With preamp on or auto, the RSA7100A may be tuned or swept to frequencies > 3.6 GHz, but
the preamp will only be on for frequencies ≤ 3.6 GHz.
16 kHz to 26.5 GHz (RSA7100A Opt 26)
10 MHz to 3.6 GHz
2RSA7100A Specifications and Performance Veri fi cation
External reference input level0.5 Vpp to 2 Vpp into 50 Ω
Table 5: Phase noise (typical)
haracteristic
C
Frequency = 1 GHz
(Typical, mean)
Frequency = 5 GHz–114 dBc/Hz
escription
D
–115 dBc/Hz
–128 dBc/Hz
–134 dBc/Hz
–132 dBc/Hz
–142 dBc/Hz
–127 dBc/Hz
–133 dBc/Hz
–131 dBc/Hz
–141 dBc/Hz
ffset
O
100 Hz
1kHz
10 kHz
100 kHz
1MHz
100 Hz
1kHz
10 kHz
100 kHz
1MHz
RSA7100A Specifications and Performance Verification3
Specifications
Table 5: Phase noise (typical) (cont.)
CharacteristicDescriptionOffset
Frequency = 10 GHz–109 dBc/Hz
–122 dBc/Hz
–128 dBc/Hz
–125 dBc/Hz
–136 dBc/Hz
Frequency = 20 GHz–103 dBc/Hz
–116 dBc/Hz
–122 dBc/Hz
–120 dBc/Hz
–130 dBc/Hz
100 Hz
1kHz
10 kHz
100 kHz
1MHz
100 Hz
1kHz
10 kHz
100 kHz
1MHz
Table 6: RF input
aracteristic
Ch
RF Input Impedance
F VSWR, typical
R
(RF Attn ≥10 dB)
scription
De
Ω
50
1.5(10MHzto14MHz)
<
<1.7 (>14 MHz to 26.5 GHz)
4RSA7100A Specifications and Performance Veri fi cation
Specifications
Table 7: Maximu
m RF input level
CharacteristicDescription
Maximum DC voltage±40 V (RF Input)
Maximum safe input power
Maximum mea
surable input power
+30 dBm
+30 dBm
ADC and IF overload are detected and the user is informed and streaming data is
flagged, but not stopped. Furthermore, an IF overload will initiate a protection event
that will sw
itch out the input signal.
If SignalVu-PC is acquiring samples when this occurs, SignalVu-PC will automatically
reset the switch periodically so that if the overload condition goes away, the input will
continue t
o be sampled normally.
Table 8: Input attenuator
CharacteristicDescription
RF Attenuator
0 dB to 100 dB (in 1 dB steps), 16 kHz to 3.6 GHz
0 dB to 75 dB (in 5 dB steps), 3.6 GHz to 26.5 GHz
0dBto75dB(in5dBsteps),3.2GHzto3.6GHz
1
d Extended Tuning mode.
Wideban
Table 9: Input preselector
1
Acquisition modePreselector modePreselector OnPreselector Off
Swept, 50 M Hz stepsOnOnStep CF ≤ 3.6 GHz: On
Step CF > 3.6 GHz: Off
Step CF > 3.2 GHz: Off
Swept, 320 MHz steps
NANA
Step CF ≤ 3.41 GHz: On
Step CF > 3.41 GHz: Off
Step CF > 3.2 GHz: Off
1
1
RSA7100A Specifications and Performance Verification5
Specifications
Table 9: Input preselector (cont.)
Acquisition modePreselector modePreselector OnPreselector Off
Real-Time span ≤ 50 MHz
Real-Time span > 50 MHz
1
Wideband Extended Tuning mode.
OnOnCF ≤ 3.6 GHz: On
CF > 3.6 GHz: Off
CF > 3.2 GHz: Off
CF ≤ 3.41 GHz: On
CF > 3.41 GHz: Off
CF > 3.21 GHz: Off
1
NA
CF ≤ 3.41 GHz: On
CF > 3.41 GHz: Off
CF > 3.2 GHz: Off
The preselector is input filters used for image suppression when the span of
the instrument allows for its use. Two methods of preselection are used in the
RSA7100A: a fixed low-pass filter (LPF) and a tunable bandpass filter (BPF).
Due to the narrow-band nature of the tuned BPF, it is necessary to bypass this
filter for wideband analysis of signals with bandwidth >50 MHz. The tuned BPF
ector is enabled depending on the acquisition mode (swept or real-time),
presel
frequency range, and user selection of preselector state as described in the table.
The LPF preselector is naturally wideband, so that filter is always present, even
when the preselector “Off” mode is manually selected.
1
1
Swept Acq Mode is enabled when the span is greater than the maximum allowed
acquisition BW. In swept mode, the frequency range is spanned in discrete steps
of 50 MHz or 320 MHz depending on the state of the preselector.
Table 10: Amplitude and RF flatness (excluding mismatch error)
CharacteristicDescription
Reference level setting range
Frequency response (18 °C to 28 °C)
lignment run prior to testing.
A
Span ≤ 100 MHz; For CF < 100 MHz, specifications apply for Ref Level ≥ - 40 dBm; Verified with input level of -20 to -15 dBm; Ref
level = -15 dBm, 10 dB RF attenuation, all settings auto-coupled; Signal to noise ratios > 40 dB.
Center frequency range18 °C to 28 °C18 °C to 28 °C
At 10 dB RF
attenuator
setting
(Preamp Off)
At 10 dB RF
attenuator
setting
(Preamp On)
lute amplitude accuracy at all center frequencies (18 °C to 28 °C)
Abso
10 MHz to <100 MHz
100 MHz to <2.8 GHz
2.8 GHz to 3.6 GHz
10 MHz to <100 MHz
100 MHz to <2.8 GHz
2.8 GHz to 3.6 GHz
–170 dBm to +40 dBm, 0.1 dB step
0°Cto55°C
(typical)
—
±0.16 dB±0.13 dB±0.18 dB
±0.16 dB±0.13 dB±0.38 dB
—
±0.20 dB±0.14 dB±0.10 dB
±0.20 dB±0.14 dB±0.26 dB
±0.11 dB
±0.2 dB
(typical)
—
—
6RSA7100A Specifications and Performance Veri fi cation
Table 10: Amplitude and RF flatness (excluding mismatch error) (cont.)
CharacteristicDescription
Alignment run prior to testing.
Span ≤ 100 MHz; For CF < 100 MHz, specifications apply for Ref Level ≥ - 40 dBm; Verified with input level of 0 to -10 dBm below
ref level; 10 dB RF attenuation, all settings auto-coupled; Signal to noise ratios > 40 dB.
Center frequency range18 °C to 28 °C18 °C to 28 °C
(typical)
0°Cto55°C
(typical)
Specifications
At –10 dB
ref level,
100 MHz
span,
preselector
bypassed
(Preamp Off)
At –30 dB
ref level,
100 MHz
span,
(Preamp On)
At –10 dB
ref level,
50 MHz span,
preselector
enabled
(Preamp On
Table 11: Noise and distortion
CharacteristicDescription
3rd Order IM Intercept
3rd Order IM Intercept (TOI),
typical
10 MHz to <100 MHz
100 MHz to 3.6 GHz
3.6 GHz to 8.5 GHz
8.5 GHz to 14 GHz
14 GHz to 20 GHz
20 GHz to 26.5 GHz
10 MHz to <100 MHz
100 MHz to 3.6 GHz
3.6 GHz to 8.5 GHz
8.5 GHz to 14 GHz
14 GHz to 20 GHz
20 GHz to 26.5 GHz
)
1
2-tone signal level -20 dBm per tone at the RF input. 1 MHz tone separation. Attenuator = 0 dB,
Ref Level = -10 dBm. 5 MHz span, RBW set so noise is 10 dB below the IM3 tone level or lower.
Production tested in a verification mode not part of normal operation.
3.3 GHz, Preamp Off
2-tone signal level -20 dBm per tone at the RF input. 1 MHz tone separation. Attenuator = 0 dB, Ref
Level = -10 dBm. 5 MHz span, RB W set so noise is 10 dB below the IM3 tone level or lower.
10 MHz to 3.6 GHz, Preamp On
10 MHz to 100 MHz, Preamp Off
100 MHz to 3.6 GHz, Preamp Off
3.6 GHz to 7.5 G Hz
7.5 GHz to 14 GHz
14 GHz to 26.5 GHz
—
±0.8 dB±0.4 dB±0.8 dB
±0.9 dB±0.4 dB±1.1 dB
±1.0 dB±0.5 dB±1.4 dB
±1.7 dB±1.0 dB±1.7 dB
±2.0 dB±1.2 dB±2.2 dB
—
±1.2 dB±0.6 dB±1.2 dB
±1.6 dB±0.8 dB±1.7 dB
±1.5 dB±0.7 dB±1.5 dB
±2.6 dB±1.3 dB±2.2 dB
±2.8 dB±1.5 dB±2.2 dB
+24 dBm
–12 dBm
+19 dBm
+24 dBm
+20 dBm
+27 dBm
+21 dBm
±0.3 dB
±0.4 dB
—
—
RSA7100A Specifications and Performance Verification7